#extended validation certificate

[fiore-region-appreciation]

A reworked headcanon now that we have new games:

Using a Pokémon to fly between locations requires a licence in most regions, however the criteria needed in order to obtain one varies from region to region.

In most regions, a Flying Licence is obtainable to anyone holding a valid trainer's license, provided they've collected a set number of gym badges. Trainers are also expected to pass a short certification test, which really just confirms they know not to exceed certain altitudes, to avoid flying within the vicinity of an airport, to avoid leaving the region's airspace, and to ensure they're aware they MUST use a domesticated Pokémon.

In Galar and Paldea, a much more thorough (and prohibitively expensive) exam is required to obtain a licence, hence the presence of aerial taxis within these regions.

In Fiore, the rules are the absolute strictest, with Flying permits only being granted to Pokémon Rangers, who also must use a bonded Pokémon. Fiore is also the only region which requires permit holders to contact local air traffic control to avoid collisions.

These restrictions don't apply to the Dragonite Shuttle, since it flies a pre-trained route that's already been cleared by the appropriate authorities, however the Dragonite must wear a tracking device to ensure it doesn't veer off course.

Almia is the only region to allow permit holders to fly on wild Pokémon, however as stated in game this is a privilege only extended to Rangers in the upper echelons of Almia's Pokémon Ranger Union.

Oblivia is a free for all because it's the quickest way to island hop and nobody cares enough to regulate it.

[sgiandubh]

Thank you for the detailed explanation of the financial and administrative situation and the investors' shares, Caitriona.

But is it normal for the role of her personal assistant to extend to her commercial investments?

Outlander is over, what is the explanation for Tony joining a new company in October?

Do you have a deeper vision for this madness that has been going on since the appearance of the so-called Tony in Caitriona and Sam's lives?

Dear Detailed Explanation Anon,

I am sorry, honey, but I am certainly not C, nor (to be honest) would I ever want to be. I am perfectly happy with my own life and adventures. I will answer your questions in order, rather quickly.

Yes, it is perfectly normal and legal, once you know and understand some easy UK company law ropes I discussed in my answer to @bat-cat-reader's Director Anon, yesterday evening. As long as C remains the sole PSC in that company, he has no legal means to pretend to anything she owns in her own right. One more time, his position can be easily revoked anytime and I do think that the only reason he is present there, in that capacity, is because he needs to have a modicum of dignity/status, in the process. Please note that 'Director' seems to be the favorite 'occupation' he likes to mention in almost all of his business/company documents (and I even think on that Marriage Certificate, too, if I am not mistaken). This is what he wants to look like, this is his jam. What do I think about it? I think it is a bit childish, it's a bit like putting 'Expert' on my own business card (expert in what exactly? climate change? mixology? late Mycenean pottery?), which of course I don't. If anything, Anon, it is harmless enough and vague enough. Count your blessings and remember that before thinking marriage or relationship, the first thing that comes to mind is perhaps 'arrangement', when it comes to these people. A mutually profitable (and also very lucrative for one of them) one, at that. Mark me. I am ready to die on that hill.

T joining a new company in October? You should have your eyes checked, Anon. Byron Benirras is anything but new, in my book. It's been around for ever and it is her dedicated, visible and traceable money stash. Her credit score, her taxes, her revenue are based on its accounts. Why is he there now? I already answered that part in my 'Two Questions Anon' and nope, sorry my dear, I will not budge. Use your critical thinking skills - I think you might know why, you just need validation. Consider it done, darling.

Do I have a deeper vision? The answer is the same as ever, Anon and sorry if it displeases you. In fact, I do have a deeper, wider vision. Will I further discuss it here? Nope. Not for all the tea in China. Why? Because this is not my call. I am not 12 and I am not a fool.

[sweetfirebird]

More Things You Can Do

aside from protesting

There are a lot of boycotts going on right now. I have seen calls for an official day (February 28) of no shopping and others that are extended avoidance or limitation of using: Target, Walmart, Whole Foods, Amazon, Airbnb, Tesla, Meta, CNN, Fox News.

I've also seen boycotts, individual and collective, of businesses like Sephora or CVS, which voluntarily rolled back their DEI. (So did Disney, btw) But while boycott is a power you can flex (and save yourself money in the process), I think it's easier to list some places that have NOT caved on their DEI and/or who are even actively supporting it: Costco, Walgreens, Ulta, Lush, Penzey's, King Arthur Flour, Bob's Red Mill, Albertson's grocery stores (includes Safeway), Apple and more

Delete any Meta apps you aren't using/don't need. This includes Threads, Instagram, Facebook, Messenger, and whatever stupid VR thing they try next that will fail. If you do need to keep using them (small businesses, unfortunately, still often do), you can still keep Meta from profiting from you by going into your Privacy Settings and turning off any function that allows them to collect your information for ads. Meta does not make this easy to find, btw. And you are going to end up with weird ads, but just ignore them.

Go into all of the Meta apps you use, find the Privacy Center, under Settings, I think, find Ad Preferences or Common Privacy Settings. It's then going to make you click on more things, like Manage Settings. And then you can turn off settings like "Use your information to show our ad partners"

Then you have to find the other settings to turn off other companies sharing your information with Meta jfc

Here, John Oliver explains it better

Switch from Chrome. (I have to use Chrome to pay my electric bill, they won't let me use another browser. Dicks. But for everything else, I use Firefox or Ecosia) Firefox isn't Google but also Firefox lets you add extensions to block tracking or ads and I have one up to help limit Meta's information scraping anyway. And it's free! Switching only takes minutes!

Use Mapquest --Mapquest is not referring to the Gulf of Mexico as anything but the Gulf of Mexico.

If you are into these sort of podcasts, The Meidas Touch is openly critical of Trump and Musk, and just ousted Joe Rogan from Spotify's top spot.

This one is difficult for trans people right now but everyone, yes everyone in America, get your IDs in order and up to date. They are going to try to push some Voter ID shit too (where they haven't already) so take the time NOW to get your paperwork in order. Go request (or order through the mail) a certified copy of your birth certificates from the county where you were born. Going in means you only pay the County Clerk fees. Through the mail usually means you will have to have something notarized as well. (Hell, anyone who changed your surnames when you got married, maybe get a certified copy of your marriage license too.) Get a Real ID. Get a passport if you can afford it. Passports also require a certified copy of a birth certificate. If you have a valid passport, it will work in place of a Real ID but get both if you can. American passports are good for ten years (for adults).

Also, and this sucks, get your affairs in order. You could get hit by a bus or something, and you want to make sure your death is handled *how you want* and your loved ones get what you feel they should, regardless of your gender and how many roadblocks the govt is going to try to throw up in your way. Protecting Trans Bodies in Death and Making Your Death Plan (videos from Caitlin Doughty). Also and I know I keep harping on this, MAKE A WILL. MAKE IT LEGALLY. Look up your state's requirements for such a document or hire someone to do it for you. (Sometimes credit unions or regular unions will offer this as a service. LegalZoom also exists if that is more your jam.)

Fun stuff (cuz sorry about the death stuff!)

Got Spotify or Tidal or even Youtube? Start making playlists of POC and queer artists, and make them public. Search for BIPOC and/or queer podcasts and video essayists.

Personally, I've been putting on all the booktuber videos about ditching Kindle and just letting them play in the background while I do tasks. Someone is out there on Youtube speaking the truth? Like and Subscribe! (It helps them get visibility and shows Youtube there is an audience, and if it worries you... it's not permanent. You can unsubscribe later if you want.)

Like books by BIPOC and/or queer people?? Recommend that shit. Check it out from libraries even if you've read it before!

Be Kind. Be kind to people and to yourselves. Participate in boycotts and remember they can mean *totally avoiding* a store, or, if there is no alternative for what you need, then *spending far less* there than you normally would. Shop local. Shop small. Spread correct information as best as you can. Remember that Black lives matter, that trans lives matter, and that way more people on our side than they want us to realize.

[coochiequeens]

Ladies, please spread the word about this or reblog with other grant opportunities for women.

Deadline: 12-Apr-25

The Atiku Institute for Development is accepting applications for the Small Grants to support Women and Youth-Led Organizations.

The Next Funding Cycles are going to start soon! Don't you want to know them?

This initiative recognizes the role of Women-ted and Youth-led Organizations (WLOs S YLOS) in promoting gender equality, advocating for women’s rights, and addressing issues that disproportionately affect women and girls.

These organizations are instrumental in amplifying women’s voices and driving social economic, and political change. UNFPA the United Nations Population Fund, supports Women led and Youth led organizations through technical support and guidance for effective service delivery, accountability to affected populations, organizational management and sustainable development.

As part of its commitment to the Call-to-Action roadmap, UNFPA in partnership with the American University of Nigeria (AUN) and with funding from the Norwegian Government, is supporting WLOs 5 YLOS with micro-grants to enhance their capacity to respond to GBV In emergencies, including Initiatives in Sexual and Reproductive Health (SRHI, livelihood and protection from sexual exploitation, abuse and harassment.

This call for applications aims to extend small grants to 72 eligible and successful WLOs B YLOS across the BAY (Borne Adamawa and Yobo) states to support them to articulate and deliver capacity-building actions at community level prevention and response to GBViE, initiatives in SRHIE.

Target Organizations 

Women-led and Youth-led Organisations in Borno, Adamawa, and YOBE States

Eligibility Criteria 

You can only apply for one envelop:

Proposals most address thematic areas: GBViE, SRHIE, and Youth and Women empowerment.

Organizations must be women-led with more women in the board or organizational leadership positions.

Organizations must be youth-led, with at least 70% youth membership and staff.

Organizations must have a valid accounting system with separation of powers.

Organizations must be registered with the Corporate Affairs Commission and provide verifiable copies of certificates with RC numbers.

Organizations shall provide photo evidence of their previous engagement Is) for the past 2 years.

Proposals that ensure disability inclusion and address “Leaving No one behind” are encouraged.

Proposal most seek to integrate Peacebuilding f, environmental protection programmes

For more information, visit Atiku Institute for Development.

[thailandimmigration]

 5-Year Retirement Visa

Thailand offers a 5-Year Retirement Visa (officially known as the Non-Immigrant O-A Long Stay Visa) for foreign nationals aged 50+ seeking extended residency. Unlike the standard 1-year retirement extension, this visa provides pre-approved multi-year validity, reducing annual renewal hassles. However, strict financial, insurance, and compliance requirements apply.

Key Features:

✔ Pre-approved 5-year stay (no yearly extensions needed) ✔ Multiple entries permitted (no re-entry permit required) ✔ Must maintain health insurance (Thai or international) ✔ Financial proof required upfront (no monthly income option)

2. Eligibility & Financial Requirements

A. Basic Qualifications

Age 50+ (no exceptions)

No criminal record (police clearance from home country)

Health insurance (min. THB 400,000 inpatient / THB 40,000 outpatient coverage)

Note: Unlike the 1-year retirement extension, the 5-year visa does NOT allow monthly income proof (e.g., THB 65K/month)—only lump-sum deposits or fixed investments qualify.

3. Step-by-Step Application Process

Option 1: Applying from Abroad (Recommended)

Gather Documents:

Passport (valid 18+ months)

Bank statement (showing THB 3M for 12+ months)

Medical certificate (no leprosy, TB, drug addiction)

Police clearance (FBI check for Americans, etc.)

Health insurance (approved by Thai General Insurance Association)

Submit at a Thai Embassy/Consulate (e.g., Los Angeles, London)

Receive 5-Year Visa (sticker affixed in passport)

Option 2: Converting from a Tourist Visa (Inside Thailand)

Must first obtain a 90-day Non-O Visa (based on retirement)

Then apply for 5-Year O-A Visa at Immigration Bureau (Chaeng Watthana)

Processing time: 4–6 week

4. Common Pitfalls & How to Avoid Them

A. Insurance Policy Rejections

Problem: Many international insurers aren’t approved by Thai authorities.

Solution: Use Thai insurers (e.g., LMG, Pacific Cross) or verify your provider’s eligibility.

B. Bank Deposit Timing Errors

Problem: Funds not seasoned 12+ months before applying.

Solution: Plan 1+ year ahead—transfer funds early.

C. Overstaying Risks

Problem: Lapsing insurance = visa cancellation.

Solution: Set auto-renewal reminders for insurance.

5. Long-Term Strategy: Beyond the 5-Year Visa

A. Transitioning to Permanent Residency (PR)

After 3+ consecutive years on a retirement visa, PR becomes possible.

Requires THB 1.8M+ income, Thai language test, and clean record.

B. Elite Visa Alternative

If financial proof is an issue, Thailand Elite (5–20 year visas) offer easier terms (but higher cost).

C. Leaving & Re-Entering

The 5-Year O-A Visa allows unlimited exits/re-entries—unlike 1-year extensions.

6. Expert Recommendations

For Maximum Stability:

✔ Use the THB 3M fixed deposit (easiest to prove) ✔ Buy Thai health insurance (no approval risks)

For Frequent Travelers:

✔ The 5-Year O-A Visa is ideal (no re-entry permits needed)

For Lower Financial Commitment:

✔ Stick with the 1-year extension (THB 800K option)

7. Conclusion: Is the 5-Year Visa Right for You?

Best Suited For:

High-net-worth retirees who can lock away THB 3M

Expats who travel often (multi-entry advantage)

Those who despise annual immigration visits

Not Recommended For:

Expats relying on monthly income (only lump sums qualify)

People who may need to withdraw savings

Final Advice: Consult a Thai visa specialist to assess whether the 5-Year O-A Visa, 1-year extension, or Elite Visa aligns best with your financial and lifestyle needs.

[collapsedsquid]

I think the plan is to steal the Electoral College outright by getting states Trump loses to refuse to certify the results of their election. That’s because the 12th Amendment provides that the president is the person who wins the majority of the “whole number of Electors appointed.” That “whole number” is supposed to be 538. But one potential reading of the amendment is that Trump doesn’t have to win 270 Electoral College votes but just a majority of however many electors show up. Trump’s goal, I believe, is to decrease the number of electors appointed until he wins. This reading is untested. Nobody has yet tried to win an election with fewer than a majority of the Electoral College votes by decreasing the overall number of electors appointed after the election. But it’s an argument the Trump team could put forward, and it’s an argument Democratic lawyers and experts are preparing for. The first step in such a process is to get Republicans in states Trump loses to contest the certification of their own elections. In 2020, Trump and his team illegally tried to get slates of alternate electors submitted in states where Republicans control the state legislatures. They could try that again, but for this scheme to work, they don’t even have to get “fake” electors submitted but just to convince Republican state legislatures or Republican governors not to submit their valid slates of electors before statutorily imposed deadlines. All slates of electors are supposed to be certified by December 11. Those electors are then supposed to vote and submit their results by December 25. [...] If enough states refuse to certify the results of the election and submit a slate of electors—with the Supreme Court’s blessing—the math is not actually hard for Trump. Let’s say Vice President Kamala Harris wins the bare majority of Electoral College votes necessary, 270, but the Republican legislature in Wisconsin refuses to submit the state’s 10 electors by the deadline. In this scenario, the new total number of electors becomes 528, not 538—and Trump needs only 264 electoral votes to “win.” If you take Wisconsin and Nevada’s six electors out of the mix, Trump needs only 262 electoral votes to “win.” He’ll likely achieve those numbers without having to win one of the “blue wall” states.

[...]

And this is where Speaker Johnson becomes critical to the whole “secret” plan. In 2020, Nancy Pelosi was speaker of the House. If states had tried to get cute and not submit their electors by the December 11 deadline, Pelosi would just have extended the deadline. But Speaker Johnson surely won’t. If electors are not submitted by December 11, he’ll likely declare the process “over” and say that the electors appointed by that date are the only ones allowed to vote for president.

Like to consider these strategies in terms of "Is this going to cause a civil war(or honestly more realistically a 'general strike')" with the idea that if it will then he's not going to get people to go along with it. I feel just rejecting the votes outright without a pretext or just empty claims that some people may have voted illegally, you're talking something that won't be acceptable. You would have to destroy a good number of ballots or something.

[seedsinmygarden]

HLC REACT: Watching MC Marry Someone Else

I think this was my very first one of Scarlet's that I did! It was a lot of fun, and I think it was meant to be sadder than it was, but I liked to think that most of them would be happy that MC found happiness.

Word Count: 1,622 words

Tags and Warnings: Some angst, mostly nice and fluffy (though platonic).

--

OMINIS GAUNT: He stood by Sebastian as he watched MC walk down the aisle in their gorgeous attire. He wished he was the one standing in Sebastian’s place, he wished he was the one speaking vows to MC, he wished he was the one wearing the grooms’ robes… but he had a smile on his face regardless because while he wished it was him, he was still ecstatic that his best friend had found happiness after such a tumultuous era in Hogwarts. He always knew that MC would never want to marry a Gaunt— truly, who would? It would only lead them to a future of pain. At least as a Sallow, they would have freedom.

SEBASTIAN SALLOW: He had less grace than Ominis did and when he watched MC walk up the aisle to Amit Thakkar. He had no clue why they had invited him, truly— MC and Sebastian’s relationship was strained after their time in Hogwarts. Perhaps they only invited him because Anne was in the wedding party? It didn’t matter— what mattered is that he wasn’t the one up there, holding MC’s hands as they spoke their vows softly to each other. As soon as the ceremony ended, Sebastian extended his wishes to the couple through Anne and left early, using the excuse of ‘work emergency’ to get out. Thank Merlin he was an Auror, because then it was actually a valid excuse…

AMIT THAKKAR: MC’s wedding with Garreth is absolutely lovely! It’s so quaint and cute and cozy and MERLIN he wished he could have taken some inspiration for his own wedding with Samantha Dale-Thakkar UGHHHHH. He laughs to himself a bit as he watches the lovely couple dance their first dance at the reception, remembering the schoolboy crush he had on MC back during their time in Hogwarts, and the one utterly disastrous date they had gone on before agreeing they were better off as friends. He was glad that he and MC were able to move on (in fact, it was MC who helped him get a date with Samantha in their seventh year!), but he would always find himself wondering what-ifs. Regardless, he was happy, MC was happy, and that’s all he could have ever asked for.

GARRETH WEASLEY: MC had asked Garreth to officiate their wedding with Imelda Reyes, and he had eagerly accepted. How he had the certification to do so? No one knows, not even Garreth himself, he knows he just woke up with it in his pocket after a night at the bar with the boys. After checking that it wasn’t just a false certification and seeing that there was a fee to reverse it, Garreth kept it and it made to be a great joke around town— if you get married by a Weasley, that means a lot of kids are to come in the future! Either way, here he stood, in front of MC and Imelda as they had linked hands and looked at him, ready to begin the ceremony. He grins and with a glance to his own husband, he takes a breath and sets off to marry his sixth-year crush to the love of their life. He didn’t mind it, really, he had moved on a long time ago and found love with a particular blond Slytherin.

NATSAI ONAI: Natty was in the wedding party as MC gets married to the lovely Adelaide Oakes. Natty and Addy had grown closer to the point that Addy had asked Natty to be one of her bridesmaids in the wedding when MC proposed. MC was excited, happy that Addy had grown to love all their friends just as much as they did to the point that she wanted to have some of them in the wedding party. Natty was excited as well, but when she went to bed that night, she had wondered if this was the right thing to do. She never wished their separation— she had lost her chance and accepted that fact a long time ago. She just could never get over MC. In time, she will. She knows that much. And so the wedding went on, with Natty smiling brightly as she watches Addy and MC share their first kiss as married partners.

POPPY SWEETING: Watching MC get married to Anne Sallow was certainly something she wasn’t expecting, especially seeing as Anne wasn’t even there during their fifth year. Yet they had met, through Sebastian, and, well… here they were, standing in front of each other at a makeshift altar in the fields near Hogsmeade. It was a beautiful summer wedding, a nice cool breeze passing through every so often. Poppy was partially working that wedding, but she had some assistance to be able to fully enjoy it— Eleazar (the Phoenix!) was going to fly their rings down the aisle, there was a little petting zoo of all the less-harmful animals in one corner, and then last but not least, Highwing would be flying the two away back to Feldcroft, where they would enjoy their first night together as a wedded couple after the dinner and reception. Poppy could almost imagine herself in Anne’s place— truthfully, she wished she was, but she had lost her chance long ago. Now, she was going to be happy that MC had found happiness.

IMELDA REYES: EVERETT. FUCKING. CLOPTON. First of all, HOW. Second of all, WHY? Third of all, MC, blink twice if you’re being held hostage and forced to marry him against your will. In all seriousness, though, Imelda could see how MC grew attracted to the guy in the first place. He may have still had his squeaky voice and not great hygiene when they first met in fifth year, but his voice had grown deeper and he finally cleaned up his routine by the time they graduated Hogwarts. Really, who WASN’T chasing Everett? He even cleaned up so well for his wedding that Imelda was almost jealous of MC! The feeling of a hand slipping into hers distracts her from the train of thought she was one and she looks over to her own wife, the former Hufflepuff Quidditch Captain and her partner-in-crime on the Hollyhead Harpies. Imelda fell in love with MC wayyy back in fifth year, but then she had also properly met the woman that would become her wife and, well, one thing led to another… Regardless, Imelda was happy for MC and her crush on them had long since diminished, long before her own wedding. EVERETT THOUGH??? WHAT DO YOU MEAN—

ANNE SALLOW: Watching MC marry Natty was much more painful than Anne had anticipated it being. She genuinely did believe that she had a chance with them, but that could have been the ‘rescue romance’ talking. Ever since MC had saved her life from the curse that had plagued her, the curse that had stolen an entire year at Hogwarts from her, she felt indebted to them in more ways than one. It wasn’t healthy to romanticize it, she knew that, but she couldn’t help herself— there were so many other things that furthered the connection she felt. And then her heart broke the day that it had gotten around school that MC was dating Natty. That they were the ‘it’ couple, that they were going to get married and have beautiful babies— why was that a topic of conversation, Anne will never know. Then, five years after that day, they got married. Anne was there in the audience, watching Sebastian as he stood by MC’s side with a proud grin and she matches his pride for MC with a smile of her own. She can mourn this loss, yes, but then she will move along. Perhaps she can see if Amit would like a dance…

EVERETT CLOPTON: Everett kind of expected it. He knows he was an ass with poor hygiene throughout school, there was no way that MC would have ever wanted to be with him. At least romantically— they were kind enough to be friends with him, which he was still so eternally grateful for. It’s how he landed an invite to their wedding, a witness to their marriage to Poppy Sweeting. Everett couldn’t deny, the wedding itself was beautiful and there was the promise of a little petting zoo at the reception, with a phoenix even! There had been times where he wished he was the one standing up there instead of Poppy, but he pushed those thoughts down. He should be happy for MC finding happiness, even if that happiness doesn’t quite lie with him.

LEANDER PREWETT: Like Everett, Leander expected it. He was also an ass but at least he had better hygiene than the Ravenclaw Quidditch-pro wannabe. But he was more of an ass than Everett, even if he didn’t actually mean it half the time, tormenting first-years was his primary form of entertainment. Regardless, he was still MC’s friend, and attended the wedding ceremony where they would get married to the loveliest Samantha Dale. How could he ever compete with the plant-loving beauty of Ravenclaw? Even he held a small liking for her at one point— who wouldn’t— and MC was lucky to have her hand in marriage. Leander wasn’t close enough to the couple to be standing up there with them, but he was invited to the ceremony and the dinner that would follow, and he happily went, eager to see some old friends as well. Unlike Everett, however, Leander had already come to terms with it— that MC had found happiness, and that it wasn’t with him. All too common in his lifetime, but hey, he had a great plus one partner in one of Sam’s friends from Hufflepuff, Leonora Everleigh.

[nareshkumartech]

How Canadian ID Requirements Differ for Citizens and Newcomers

In Canada, proper identification is essential for accessing government services, applying for jobs, opening bank accounts, and, of course, getting a driver’s license. However, the ID requirements differ significantly between Canadian citizens and newcomers, including permanent residents, refugees, and temporary visa holders. Understanding these differences is important to avoid delays and ensure a smooth transition into Canadian life. Let's dive into how the requirements vary and what you need to prepare.

1. Standard ID Requirements for Canadian Citizens

For Canadian citizens, obtaining or renewing a government-issued ID, such as a driver’s license, is a relatively straightforward process. Typically, they need to present:

A valid Canadian birth certificate or a Canadian passport.

Proof of residency in the province or territory (such as a utility bill, lease agreement, or official government correspondence).

A secondary piece of ID, which could be a health card, Social Insurance Number (SIN) card, or another photo ID.

Proof of name change if applicable (e.g., marriage certificate or legal name change document).

Canadian citizens usually do not have to present immigration documents. Their proof of citizenship is sufficient to meet both identity and residency requirements when applying for a driver’s license or other services.

2. ID Requirements for Newcomers to Canada

For newcomers — including permanent residents, work permit holders, students, and refugees — the process is a bit more involved. Newcomers must provide documents that establish both identity and legal status in Canada. These documents often include:

A valid Permanent Resident (PR) card or Confirmation of Permanent Residence (COPR) document.

A valid visa or work/study permit (for temporary residents).

Passport from the country of origin (used in combination with Canadian-issued documents).

Proof of residency in the province (similar to citizens — a lease, utility bill, etc.).

In some provinces, an additional letter confirming eligibility to remain in Canada for a specified period may be required.

Importantly, newcomers often must show that their immigration status allows them to stay in Canada for a certain length of time (usually over six months) before they can qualify for services like provincial health insurance or a full driver’s license.

3. Temporary vs. Full Licenses

Newcomers may initially be issued a temporary license while they fulfill further residency requirements or complete necessary testing (such as vision or knowledge tests). Depending on their experience abroad, they may also have to undergo a graduated licensing program, even if they previously held a driver’s license in another country.

Canadian citizens renewing or upgrading their licenses typically face fewer restrictions unless they have been out of the country for extended periods.

4. Proof of Residency Is Essential

For both groups, proving residency within the province is key. A bank statement, rental agreement, or recent utility bill with your name and address is usually sufficient. However, some provinces, like Ontario and Quebec, have a specific list of acceptable documents, so it’s important to verify local requirements before applying.

Understanding the ID requirements for Canadian citizens versus newcomers can help streamline your application for services like a driver’s license. Each province may have slight variations, so it’s always best to check the most up-to-date information. For a full guide on Canadian driver’s licenses, ID requirements, and practice tests, visit LicensePrep.ca — your trusted resource for navigating the licensing process with confidence.

[thailandvisaa]

Marriage Visa in Thailand

For foreigners married to Thai nationals, the Thailand Marriage Visa (Non-Immigrant O Visa) provides a pathway to long-term residency. Unlike tourist visas, this visa allows for yearly extensions, work permit eligibility, and a potential path to permanent residency.

This in-depth guide covers the legal requirements, application process, financial obligations, renewal procedures, and strategic considerations for obtaining and maintaining a Thai marriage visa.

1. Understanding the Thailand Marriage Visa

The Non-Immigrant O Visa (based on marriage) is designed for foreigners legally married to Thai citizens. It permits stays of up to one year (with extensions) and avoids the need for frequent border runs.

Key Features:

✔ Initial 90-day entry, extendable to 1 year ✔ Renewable annually (if requirements are met) ✔ Eligibility for a work permit (separate application) ✔ Pathway to permanent residency after 3+ consecutive years

2. Eligibility Requirements

To qualify, applicants must meet strict legal and financial conditions:

A. Valid Marriage Registration

Marriage must be legally registered in Thailand (or certified at the Thai embassy if married abroad).

Same-sex marriages are not recognized for visa purposes (as of 2024).

B. Financial Requirements

Applicants must prove financial stability one of two ways:

Monthly Income Method

Minimum 40,000 THB/month (foreign-sourced income must be verified via embassy letter).

OR Thai spouse’s income (if combined, must meet 40,000 THB).

Bank Deposit Method

400,000 THB in a Thai bank account for at least 2 months before application.

Must be under the foreigner’s name (joint accounts are sometimes accepted but risky).

C. Additional Requirements

✔ Thai spouse must attend immigration interviews ✔ Home visit by immigration officers (to verify marital legitimacy) ✔ Updated Kor Ror 2 (marriage registration) and Kor Ror 3 (if amended)

3. Step-by-Step Application Process

Option 1: Applying from Abroad (Initial Non-O Visa)

Gather documents:

Marriage certificate (legalized if foreign)

Spouse’s Thai ID & house registration (Tabien Baan)

Bank statements or income proof

Apply at a Thai embassy/consulate (e.g., Savannakhet, Laos is a popular choice).

Receive a 90-day Non-O Visa, then extend in Thailand.

Option 2: Converting from Another Visa Inside Thailand

Possible if holding a Tourist Visa (TR) or Visa Exemption.

Must have at least 15 days remaining on current entry.

Submit documents at Thai Immigration Bureau (Chaeng Watthana or local office).

Extension of Stay (1-Year Renewal)

After the initial 90 days, apply for a 1-year extension at immigration:

Same financial proof required (bank deposit or income).

Re-interview with spouse (some offices require this annually).

90-day reporting mandatory (even with a 1-year extension).

4. Work Permit Eligibility

Unlike the retirement visa, the marriage visa allows work permits but requires: ✔ Employer sponsorship (must be a Thai-registered company). ✔ Non-restricted job position (varies by industry). ✔ Additional paperwork (WP3 form, company documents).

Note: Self-employment or freelance work is not permitted under standard work permit rules.

5. Common Pitfalls & How to Avoid Them

A. Insufficient Financial Proof

Bank deposits must be seasoned for 2+ months before renewal.

Embassy income letters (for foreigners) must be notarized annually.

B. Immigration Scrutiny of "Sham Marriages"

Home visits are standard in some provinces (Bangkok, Phuket, Chiang Mai).

Photos, joint bills, and witness statements help prove legitimacy.

C. Overstaying or Lapsed Extensions

Penalties: 500 THB/day, up to 20,000 THB + blacklisting.

Solution: Apply for extensions at least 30 days before expiry.

6. Long-Term Benefits: Path to Permanent Residency

After 3+ consecutive years on a marriage visa, foreigners may apply for permanent residency (PR), which offers: ✔ Indefinite stay without yearly renewals. ✔ Easier work permit approvals. ✔ Eligibility for citizenship after 5+ years (if meeting language & integration requirements).

PR Requirements:

Stable income (80,000+ THB/month recommended).

Thai language test (basic proficiency).

Clean criminal record (in Thailand and home country).

7. Divorce & Visa Implications

If the marriage ends:

Visa validity remains until expiry, but extensions are void.

Options: Switch to a retirement visa, work visa, or Elite Visa if eligible.

Overstaying risks deportation if no alternative visa is secured.

8. Expert Tips for a Smooth Process

✔ Choose the right immigration office (some are stricter than others). ✔ Keep updated bank records (avoid large withdrawals before renewal). ✔ Maintain proof of ongoing relationship (joint leases, family photos). ✔ Consult a visa specialist if complications arise (e.g., previous overstays).

Conclusion

The Thailand Marriage Visa offers a stable, long-term solution for expatriates married to Thai nationals. While the financial and documentation requirements are stringent, proper preparation ensures smooth renewals.

For those planning to stay indefinitely, the visa serves as a stepping stone to permanent residency and citizenship. However, applicants must remain vigilant about compliance, financial proof, and immigration interviews to avoid rejections.

[thailandlawyerss]

Child Adoption in Thailand

1.1 Primary Legislation

Adoption Act B.E. 2522 (1979): Core legal framework

Child Protection Act B.E. 2546 (2003): Safeguards for adopted children

International Private Law Act B.E. 2541 (1998): Cross-border adoptions

1.2 Regulatory Bodies

Department of Children and Youth (DCY): Central oversight

Child Adoption Center of Thailand: Primary processing agency

Juvenile and Family Courts: Legal approval authority

Ministry of Social Development and Human Security: Policy formulation

2. Eligibility Criteria for Prospective Parents

2.1 Basic Qualifications

Age Requirements:

Minimum 25 years old

At least 15 years older than child

Maximum 45-year age gap (exceptions possible)

Marital Status:

Married couples (heterosexual only)

Single applicants (gender-specific restrictions apply)

Financial Capacity:

Minimum THB 150,000/month income

Stable employment history (3+ years)

2.2 Health and Background Checks

Medical Examination:

Complete physical including HIV test

Psychological evaluation

Criminal Clearance:

Thai police records

Home country Interpol check

Child abuse registry verification

3. Adoption Categories and Processes

3.2 International Adoption Protocol

Hague Convention Compliance:

Thailand is not signatory but follows principles

Requires home study by accredited agency

Document Legalization:

Notarization

Ministry of Foreign Affairs authentication

Thai embassy legalization

4. Child Eligibility and Matching

4.1 Adoptable Children Profile

Age Distribution:

70% under 5 years

25% 6-12 years

5% teenagers

Special Needs Considerations:

Medical conditions (30% of cases)

Sibling groups (15%)

4.2 Matching Criteria

Cultural Compatibility: Religion, language

Family Environment: Urban/rural preferences

Child's Background: Trauma history assessment

5. Legal Procedures and Timelines

5.1 Pre-Adoption Process

Application Submission (DCY Form 1)

Home Study (3-6 months)

5+ visits by social worker

Family environment assessment

Approval Committee Review (2-3 months)

5.2 Court Procedures

Filing Petition: Juvenile Court jurisdiction

Hearings:

Initial review (30 days post-filing)

Child interview (closed session)

Final ruling (typically 60-90 days)

Post-Adoption Reports:

Quarterly for first year

Biannually until child is 18

6. Post-Adoption Legal Framework

6.1 Parental Rights and Obligations

Full Legal Parentage: Birth certificate amendment

Inheritance Rights: Equal to biological children

Revocation Conditions: Extreme neglect/abuse

6.2 Citizenship Issues

Thai Children:

Retain citizenship if adopted internationally

Dual citizenship permitted

Foreign Adopters:

No automatic Thai citizenship for child

Visa sponsorship requirements

7. Special Case Adoptions

7.1 Special Needs Children

Expedited Process: 6-9 months

Additional Support:

Medical subsidy (THB 50,000/year)

Therapy access

7.2 Older Child Adoption

Consent Requirement: Child's agreement (age 12+)

Transition Programs: 3-month integration period

8. Emerging Trends and Challenges

89.1 Digital Transformation

e-Adoption Portal: Pilot phase for document submission

Blockchain Verification: For international documents

8.2 Policy Developments

Proposed Amendments:

Single male adopter restrictions

Extended post-adoption monitoring

COVID-19 Impact:

40% reduction in international adoptions

Virtual home study trials

9. Strategic Considerations

9.1 Document Preparation

Timeline Optimization:

Medical exams (6-month validity)

Police clearance (3-month validity)

Translation Requirements:

Certified Thai translations

MFA authentication

9.2 Legal Representation

Court Procedures:

Required for international cases

Recommended for contested adoptions

Appeal Process:

30-day window

Supreme Court jurisdiction

[pseudowho]

Hello HAITCH! How are you? Hope the moves been going well and not too hectic! Also hope your validation/certification went well!! 🤎🤎

Sorry for the wall of text, please ignore my ramblings of delirium 🙂‍↕️

Haitch, how does one show kindness to themselves? I always appreciate your words of wisdom when I come across them.. I have just been struggling with being kind to myself lately, I’ve been sick for a while (nothing serious just some sinusitis and tooth abscess - sorry for the TMI) and because of this I have been home for the past 3+ weeks.. it’s like I recover from one thing and catch another.. and I’ve missed a lot of work.. my work if definitely not happy with me, even when I’ve provided medical certificate for my absence and a letter from my doctors supporting my recovery and highlighting that I have been down with infections left and right.. funny thing is I actually caught my first viral infection from work.. so yeah, I have not been kind to myself during this time, and everyone I know does remind me that “work is work” , “focus on getting better” it doesn’t really make me feel any less shit.. but I have been reminding myself that I have done everything I possibly can to actively recover (meds, multiple doctors visits, antibiotics courses, dentist visits to check on my abscess) I just need to be a bit kinder as I renter my workplace again.. I don’t know it’s so exhausting being sick and then not really being compassionate towards myself while feeling sick..

Sorry for the ramblings, please don’t feel obligated to respond to this! 🙂‍↕️🙂‍↕️

I hope you have a good week ahead! 🤭💞

Hey! Don't apologise, it's what I'm here for.

Revalidation etc is going well! My midwife friend is coming over tonight, to complete a part that I need a buddy for, and lo and behold £120 later (sob sob sob) I shall have the privilege of remaining certified 🫠🫠 Packing is a Sisyphian task, but I feel like I can see the top of the hill...maybe? I'm probably imagining it. Anyway!! We got the keys to the new place, so I've been completing the steady process of moving stuff over. I'm going to start heading over there on evenings this week, to redecorate the place before we move in. Phew!

Most importantly: you. Being ill long term is truly the worst for mental health and self-esteem. It's fucking true; there are vast amounts of studies supporting this. You've nestled the answer already within your Ask: it's not your fault, you've been ill for ages and tried to get better, you've followed medical advice.

Modern society is geared towards making us feel like a burden for experiencing life. Being ill sometimes is life. Living in Capitalist societies that view people as business/stock/capital/possessions, you are stripped bare of basic human rights and reduced to a cog in the system. This is wrong. Louder for those in the back! THIS IS WRONG.

Knowing this and wholly accepting this is one step.

The other...I might be the wrong person to ask. I am notoriously never kind to myself-- even moreso when I'm ill. So I'll be kind to you in the way that I am to others, when I'm not kind to myself:

Cut yourself some slack. It's not your fucking fault you were ill. Don't extend your illness by wallowing and disliking yourself; turn your back on your illness, and look forward to re-entering a normal pace of life. If you can, get yourself a sexy coffee on the way to work. Make wholesome lunches. Go to bed on time, and do sweet things for yourself, and get back to life, because it's sure as hell better than being cooped up feeling like shit all day.

View your lack of compassion towards yourself as part of the illness. You're better now. Let it go. Hold your head high. If someone tries to make you feel bad for it, slap it back in their face. Embarrass them-- "I assure you, being that sick was harder for me that it was for you, Karen. And here I was, thinking people would be happy to see me back."

View getting better as a holistic event; it must include your mind and soul, as well as your body. Always include them in your path to recovery.

Alright?

Stop beating yourself up. Shit happens. Are you going to let it keep happening because you can't stop berating yourself for it?

Love,

-- Haitch xxx

[chiangmailawyer]

Thailand Privilege Visa

The Thailand Privilege Visa (formerly known as the Thailand Elite Visa) is a long-term, residence-by-membership program operated under the auspices of the Thailand Privilege Card Company Limited (TPC), a state-owned enterprise wholly owned by the Tourism Authority of Thailand (TAT). Designed to promote high-value tourism and long-term stays by foreign nationals, the program grants visa holders the legal right to reside in Thailand for extended periods—up to 20 years, depending on the membership tier—along with an array of concierge, immigration, and lifestyle services.

Unlike other long-stay visa categories (such as retirement, business, or SMART visas), the Thailand Privilege Visa is not tied to employment, investment, or age. Instead, it operates on a membership model, where applicants purchase visa access by paying membership fees. In exchange, they receive long-term multi-entry visa validity, along with privileges such as expedited immigration processing, airport services, and government liaison support.

This article offers an in-depth legal and procedural overview of the Thailand Privilege Visa program, its structure, tiers of membership, immigration implications, compliance requirements, and practical considerations for prospective members.

1. Legal and Institutional Framework

1.1 Governing Authority

Thailand Privilege Card Co., Ltd. (TPC) — Established in 2003

Operates under the supervision of the Tourism Authority of Thailand (TAT) and the Ministry of Tourism and Sports

Registered as a state-owned enterprise with the Ministry of Finance

1.2 Legal Basis

Visa issued under Immigration Act B.E. 2522 (1979), Section 35

Visas are Non-Immigrant Visa “PE” (Privilege Entry), valid under Cabinet resolutions

Privileges are contractually defined by the Membership Agreement

All memberships include a one-time non-refundable fee, and all visa terms are issued in 5-year intervals that must be renewed through the TPC.

2. Immigration and Legal Rights of Visa Holders

3.1 Key Visa Features

Non-Immigrant “PE” Visa: Multiple-entry, five-year renewable visa under TPC sponsorship

Length of stay per entry: 1 year (can extend via 90-day reporting)

Work not permitted: Visa holders are not allowed to work unless they obtain a separate work permit (e.g., under another visa)

Tax status: Not automatically considered a tax resident unless staying ≥180 days/year

3.2 Immigration Benefits

Expedited processing at Suvarnabhumi and other major airports

1-year stay per entry (renewable by re-entry or internal reporting)

No need to visit immigration for visa extensions (TPC facilitates renewals)

Annual 90-day reporting handled by Thailand Privilege concierge service

3. Privilege Points and Services

Starting in 2024, the program moved to a “Privilege Points” system, under which members receive points per year that can be spent on government and lifestyle services.

4.1 Government Concierge Services

Immigration Liaison: Assistance with 90-day reporting, visa renewals, and re-entry permits

Bank account setup with major Thai banks

Thai driver’s license application facilitation

Health check-up support for visa renewals or residence permits

4.2 Lifestyle and Wellness Services

VIP airport services (fast-track immigration, baggage handling)

Spa, golf, and hotel benefits

Access to partner hospitals and wellness providers

Discounts at selected restaurants, shopping centers, and golf clubs

4. Eligibility and Documentation

5.1 Basic Criteria

Must be at least 20 years old

Must have no criminal record in Thailand or any other country

Must not have been declared bankrupt or declared mentally incompetent

Must pass TPC’s background screening in cooperation with Thai immigration and Interpol

5.2 Required Documents

Copy of passport (with ≥6 months validity)

Recent passport-sized photographs

Personal information form

Copy of bank statement or proof of funds (varies by tier)

Medical and criminal record certificates (for some applicants)

5. Application Process

Step-by-Step Procedure:

Application Submission

Submit via authorized agent or Thailand Privilege online portal

TPC performs initial screening and background check

Approval Notification

Takes 1–3 months, depending on nationality and screening results

Membership Payment

Wire payment of membership fee within 30 days of approval

Visa Issuance

Visa issued at:

Thai embassy/consulate abroad, or

Immigration Bureau in Bangkok (if applicant is in Thailand)

Activation

Visa is activated on first entry and privilege points become available

6. Legal Limitations and Restrictions

RestrictionExplanationNo right to workWork permit must be obtained separately; “PE” visa is not a work visaNo path to permanent residency or citizenshipCannot use time under Thailand Privilege Visa to apply for PR or nationalityNo land ownershipForeigners still restricted under the Land CodeSubject to immigration lawStatus can be revoked for violations, overstay, or criminal activity

7. Cancellation, Upgrade, and Refund Policies

9.1 Cancellation

Members may cancel their visa voluntarily at any time

No refund of membership fees after visa activation

9.2 Upgrades

Members can upgrade to a higher-tier package by paying the difference

TPC requires resubmission of some documents for new screening

9.3 Termination by TPC

TPC may cancel membership for:

Fraudulent documents

Breach of immigration law

Misuse of privileges

8. Conclusion

The Thailand Privilege Visa is a legally sanctioned, state-operated pathway for affluent foreigners to reside in Thailand long-term without traditional visa constraints. Though it does not offer work rights, permanent residency, or citizenship tracks, it delivers stability, simplicity, and access to a wide range of public and private services in exchange for a fixed financial contribution.

For retirees, digital nomads (not working in Thailand), frequent travelers, and those seeking residence in Southeast Asia without employment obligations, this visa program offers a uniquely attractive package. However, due diligence is essential, and applicants should fully understand the legal boundaries of what this visa allows—and does not allow—before joining.

[thailandimmigrationn]

5-Year Retirement Visa in Thailand

Thailand is a top destination for retirees seeking an affordable, tropical lifestyle with excellent healthcare, friendly locals, and a rich cultural experience. One of the best ways to stay long-term is through the 5-Year Retirement Visa, officially known as the Non-Immigrant O-A (Long Stay) Visa.

This guide covers everything you need to know about the 5-year retirement visa in Thailand, including eligibility, financial requirements, application process, and benefits.

1. What is the 5-Year Retirement Visa (O-A Visa)?

The Non-Immigrant O-A (Long Stay) Visa allows retirees aged 50+ to live in Thailand for up to 1 year per entry, with the option to extend annually for up to 5 years without leaving the country.

Key Features:

✔ Initial validity: 1 year (multiple entries) ✔ Renewable annually for up to 5 years ✔ No need to leave Thailand for extensions ✔ Permission to stay tied to passport validity (max 5 years)

2. Eligibility Requirements

To qualify for the 5-year retirement visa, applicants must meet the following criteria:

A. Age Requirement

Must be 50 years or older at the time of application.

B. Financial Requirements

Applicants must prove financial stability through one of the following:

Bank Deposit: 800,000 THB in a Thai bank account for at least 2 months before applying (or 3 months for extensions).

Monthly Income: 65,000 THB per month (verified by an embassy letter).

Combination: Bank deposit + annual income totaling 800,000 THB/year.

C. Health & Insurance Requirements

Health Insurance: Must have at least 400,000 THB inpatient coverage and 40,000 THB outpatient coverage from a Thai-approved insurer.

Medical Certificate: A clean bill of health (no prohibited diseases like leprosy, tuberculosis, or drug addiction).

Police Clearance: A criminal background check from your home country or country of residence.

3. Application Process

A. Applying from Outside Thailand

Gather Documents:

Passport (valid for at least 1 year)

Completed visa application form

Bank statement or income verification

Health insurance policy

Medical certificate & police clearance

Passport-sized photos

Submit to a Thai Embassy/Consulate:

Apply in your home country or country of residence.

Processing time: ~1-2 weeks.

Enter Thailand:

Upon approval, you’ll receive a 1-year O-A Visa.

Before expiry, apply for an extension inside Thailand.

B. Extending the Visa Inside Thailand

90-Day Reporting: Must report your address every 90 days.

Annual Extension: Apply at Immigration 30-45 days before expiry with updated financial proof and insurance.

4. Benefits of the 5-Year Retirement Visa

✅ Long-term stay without frequent visa runs. ✅ Multiple entries allowed (if applied for initially). ✅ Access to Thai healthcare & banking services. ✅ Ability to apply for a Thai driver’s license. ✅ No work permit allowed (retirement visa is for non-working stays).

5. Common Questions (FAQs)

Q: Can I work on a retirement visa?

No, the O-A Visa prohibits employment. If you plan to work, consider a Non-B Visa or Work Permit.

Q: Can I bring my spouse/dependents?

Yes, they can apply for a Non-O Dependent Visa if they meet requirements.

Q: What happens after 5 years?

You can reapply for a new O-A Visa or switch to a 10-Year Retirement Visa (if eligible).

Q: Can I buy property in Thailand?

Yes, but foreigners cannot own land—only condos (under certain conditions).

6. Conclusion

Thailand’s 5-Year Retirement Visa (O-A Visa) offers a hassle-free way for retirees to enjoy long-term stays in the Land of Smiles. With proper financial proof, health insurance, and documentation, expats can live comfortably in Thailand for years.

[phuket-solicitors]

Thailand SMART Visa

Thailand's Smart Visa program is a specialized initiative designed to attract highly skilled professionals, investors, entrepreneurs, and startup founders to the Kingdom. Launched in 2018, the Smart Visa aims to bolster Thailand's economic growth by fostering innovation, technology development, and foreign investment. Unlike traditional visas, the Smart Visa offers extended stay periods, work authorization, and streamlined immigration processes, making it an attractive option for high-value individuals. This article provides an in-depth exploration of the Thailand Smart Visa, covering its eligibility criteria, application process, benefits, and strategic insights for prospective applicants.

Legal Framework for the Smart Visa

The Smart Visa program is governed by the Immigration Act B.E. 2522 (1979) and related regulations. It is administered by the Thailand Board of Investment (BOI) in collaboration with the Immigration Bureau and other government agencies. The Smart Visa is part of Thailand's broader strategy to position itself as a regional hub for technology, innovation, and investment.

Key objectives of the Smart Visa program include:

Attracting Talent: Encouraging highly skilled professionals to work and contribute to Thailand's economy.

Promoting Investment: Facilitating foreign investment in targeted industries.

Supporting Startups: Fostering innovation and entrepreneurship through startup support.

Enhancing Competitiveness: Strengthening Thailand's competitiveness in the global market.

Types of Smart Visas

The Smart Visa program is divided into four categories, each catering to a specific group of applicants:

1. Smart T (Talent)

Eligibility: Highly skilled professionals with expertise in targeted industries.

Requirements:

Minimum monthly salary of THB 200,000 (or THB 120,000 for certain sectors).

At least three years of experience in the relevant field.

Employment with a Thai company or organization in a targeted industry.

2. Smart I (Investor)

Eligibility: Investors committing capital to technology-driven or innovative businesses.

Requirements:

Minimum investment of THB 20 million in a Thai business.

Investment in one of the targeted industries, such as digital technology, biotechnology, or renewable energy.

3. Smart E (Executive)

Eligibility: Executives of companies operating in targeted industries.

Requirements:

Minimum monthly salary of THB 200,000.

Senior position in a Thai company or subsidiary in a targeted industry.

4. Smart S (Startup)

Eligibility: Founders of innovative startups approved by a recognized Thai incubator or accelerator.

Requirements:

Innovative business model with high growth potential.

Approval from a recognized Thai startup incubator or accelerator.

Application Process

The Smart Visa application process involves several steps, each requiring careful preparation and adherence to legal requirements. Below is a detailed breakdown:

1. Determine Eligibility

Identify the appropriate Smart Visa category based on your qualifications and objectives.

Ensure that you meet the eligibility criteria, including salary, investment, or startup approval requirements.

2. Gather Required Documents

Passport: Valid for at least six months with sufficient blank pages.

Proof of Qualifications: Academic certificates, professional licenses, and employment contracts.

Financial Evidence: Bank statements, investment documents, or salary slips.

Business Documents: Company registration, tax ID, and list of shareholders (for Smart I and Smart E applicants).

Startup Approval: Letter of approval from a recognized Thai startup incubator or accelerator (for Smart S applicants).

3. Submit the Application

Submit the application through the Thailand Board of Investment (BOI) or the One Start One Stop Investment Center (OSOS).

Pay the application fee, which varies depending on the visa category.

4. Review and Approval

The BOI reviews the application and conducts due diligence to verify the applicant's eligibility.

If approved, the BOI issues a Smart Visa endorsement letter.

5. Visa Issuance

Present the endorsement letter and supporting documents to the Thai Immigration Bureau.

Pay the visa fee and receive the Smart Visa.

6. Registration and Reporting

Upon arrival in Thailand, register your address with the Immigration Bureau.

Submit periodic reports as required by the visa conditions.

Benefits of the Smart Visa

The Smart Visa offers a range of exclusive benefits designed to attract and retain high-potential individuals and businesses:

Extended Stay Periods:

Smart Visa holders can stay in Thailand for up to 4 years, with the option to renew.

This is significantly longer than traditional visas, which typically allow stays of 1 year or less.

Work Authorization:

Smart Visa holders are authorized to work in Thailand without the need for a separate work permit.

This simplifies the process for professionals and executives employed by Thai companies.

Multiple Entries:

The Smart Visa allows unlimited entries and exits from Thailand, providing flexibility for international travel.

Family Inclusion:

Spouses and children of Smart Visa holders are eligible for dependent visas, allowing them to live and study in Thailand.

Streamlined Processes:

The Smart Visa application process is faster and more efficient than traditional visa routes.

Dedicated support is available through the BOI and OSOS.

Tax Incentives:

Smart Visa holders may be eligible for tax exemptions or reductions on personal income earned in Thailand.

Strategic Considerations for Applicants

While the Smart Visa offers numerous advantages, prospective applicants should consider the following factors to maximize their chances of success:

Industry Alignment:

Ensure that your qualifications, experience, and business activities align with Thailand's targeted industries.

Research the specific requirements and opportunities in your field.

Documentation:

Prepare comprehensive and accurate documentation to support your application.

Ensure that all documents are translated into Thai and certified by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs if necessary.

Professional Assistance:

Engage a qualified immigration lawyer or consultant to navigate the complexities of the application process.

Seek professional advice on tax planning, compliance, and long-term stay options.

Long-Term Planning:

Consider your long-term goals and how the Smart Visa can support your personal and professional objectives in Thailand.

Plan for potential extensions, family inclusion, and career development.

Compliance:

Adhere to all visa conditions, including reporting requirements and restrictions on employment.

Stay informed about changes in immigration policies and regulations.

Recent Developments and Trends

Thailand's Smart Visa program has undergone several updates to enhance its appeal and effectiveness:

Expansion of Targeted Industries:

The Thai government has expanded the list of targeted industries to include emerging sectors such as artificial intelligence, robotics, and fintech.

This expansion reflects Thailand's commitment to fostering innovation and attracting global talent.

Digital Transformation:

The BOI has introduced online application platforms and digital services to streamline the Smart Visa process.

These initiatives improve transparency and efficiency, making it easier for applicants to navigate the system.

Increased Focus on Startups:

The Smart S category has been strengthened to attract more innovative startups and foster Thailand's startup ecosystem.

Partnerships with leading Thai and international incubators are enhancing support for startup founders.

Post-Pandemic Recovery:

In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, Thailand has implemented measures to facilitate business travel and attract high-value individuals.

These measures include reduced quarantine requirements and fast-track visa processing for Smart Visa holders.

Challenges and Limitations

Despite its many benefits, the Smart Visa program is not without challenges:

Stringent Eligibility Criteria:

The program's high standards may exclude some qualified individuals and businesses.

Applicants must meet specific salary, investment, or startup approval requirements.

Limited Awareness:

Many potential applicants are unaware of the Smart Visa and its benefits, limiting its reach.

Increased awareness and outreach efforts are needed to attract a diverse pool of talent.

Administrative Complexity:

The application process, while streamlined compared to traditional visas, can still be complex and time-consuming.

Applicants must navigate multiple steps and provide extensive documentation.

Dependence on BOI Approval:

The BOI's approval process is subjective and may result in inconsistencies.

Applicants must demonstrate their value and alignment with Thailand's strategic priorities.

Conclusion

The Thailand Smart Visa is a transformative initiative that reflects the country's commitment to innovation, technology, and foreign investment. By offering extended stay periods, work authorization, and streamlined processes, the Smart Visa provides a compelling opportunity for highly skilled professionals, investors, executives, and startup founders to contribute to Thailand's economic growth. However, the program's stringent eligibility criteria and administrative complexities require careful planning and preparation. By understanding the requirements, leveraging professional assistance, and aligning with Thailand's strategic priorities, prospective applicants can unlock the full potential of the Smart Visa and achieve their personal and professional goals in the Kingdom. As Thailand continues to evolve its immigration policies, the Smart Visa will remain a cornerstone of its efforts to attract global talent and investment.

[attorneythailand]

Thailand Smart Visa

Thailand’s Smart Visa program, launched in 2018, is a specialized visa initiative designed to attract highly skilled professionals, investors, entrepreneurs, and startup founders to contribute to the country’s economic development. The program aims to position Thailand as a hub for innovation and technology by offering a streamlined visa process, extended stay periods, and a range of benefits tailored to the needs of high-potential individuals and businesses. This article provides an in-depth exploration of the Thailand Smart Visa, covering its eligibility criteria, application process, benefits, and strategic implications for prospective applicants.

1. Overview of the Thailand Smart Visa

The Smart Visa is part of Thailand’s broader strategy to drive economic growth through targeted industries, including digital technology, advanced manufacturing, biotechnology, and renewable energy. The program is administered by the Thailand Board of Investment (BOI) in collaboration with other government agencies, such as the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the Immigration Bureau.

The Smart Visa is available in four categories:

Smart T (Talent): For highly skilled professionals in targeted industries.

Smart I (Investor): For investors in targeted industries.

Smart E (Executive): For executives of companies operating in targeted industries.

Smart S (Startup): For founders of startups in targeted industries.

Each category has specific eligibility criteria and benefits, but all are designed to facilitate long-term stays and support the growth of Thailand’s innovation-driven economy.

2. Eligibility Criteria

The eligibility criteria for the Smart Visa vary by category but generally include the following requirements:

2.1 Smart T (Talent)

Applicants must possess expertise in a field relevant to Thailand’s targeted industries.

They must have a work contract or employment offer from a company in Thailand.

The minimum annual salary requirement is THB 200,000 (approximately USD 6,000).

2.2 Smart I (Investor)

Applicants must invest at least THB 20 million (approximately USD 600,000) in a targeted industry.

The investment must be made in a BOI-promoted project or a company operating in a targeted industry.

2.3 Smart E (Executive)

Applicants must hold a senior executive position (e.g., CEO, CTO) in a company operating in a targeted industry.

The company must be BOI-promoted or engaged in activities that align with Thailand’s economic development goals.

2.4 Smart S (Startup)

Applicants must be founders or co-founders of a startup in a targeted industry.

The startup must be endorsed by a government agency or incubator recognized by the BOI.

3. Application Process

The Smart Visa application process involves several steps, which are coordinated by the BOI and other relevant agencies.

3.1 Pre-Approval

Applicants must first obtain pre-approval from the BOI by submitting the required documents, such as:

A completed application form.

Proof of qualifications, expertise, or investment.

A letter of endorsement from the employer, investor, or startup incubator.

3.2 Visa Issuance

Once pre-approved, applicants can apply for the Smart Visa at a Thai embassy or consulate. The required documents include:

The BOI’s pre-approval letter.

A valid passport.

Proof of financial stability (e.g., bank statements).

A medical certificate.

3.3 Visa Extension

The Smart Visa is initially valid for up to four years, with the possibility of extension. Extensions are granted based on continued compliance with the program’s requirements.

4. Benefits of the Smart Visa

The Smart Visa offers a range of benefits designed to attract and retain high-potential individuals and businesses. Key benefits include:

4.1 Extended Stay Period

The Smart Visa allows holders to stay in Thailand for up to four years, significantly longer than standard visas. This provides stability and continuity for professionals, investors, and entrepreneurs.

4.2 Multiple Entries

Smart Visa holders are granted multiple-entry privileges, allowing them to travel in and out of Thailand without the need for additional visas or re-entry permits.

4.3 Work Permit Exemption

Smart Visa holders are exempt from the requirement to obtain a separate work permit, simplifying the process of working in Thailand.

4.4 Family Inclusion

Smart Visa holders can include their spouse and children in the visa application, allowing the entire family to reside in Thailand.

4.5 Fast-Track Immigration

Smart Visa holders benefit from fast-track immigration services at major airports, reducing waiting times and enhancing convenience.

4.6 Tax and Investment Incentives

In some cases, Smart Visa holders may be eligible for tax incentives or other benefits under Thailand’s investment promotion policies.

5. Strategic Considerations for Applicants

Prospective Smart Visa applicants should carefully evaluate the program’s requirements and benefits to determine its suitability for their needs. Key considerations include:

5.1 Alignment with Targeted Industries

Applicants should ensure that their skills, investments, or business activities align with Thailand’s targeted industries. The BOI provides detailed guidelines on eligible sectors, which include:

Digital technology and software development.

Advanced manufacturing and robotics.

Biotechnology and medical technology.

Renewable energy and environmental technology.

5.2 Long-Term Commitment

The Smart Visa is designed for individuals and businesses with a long-term commitment to Thailand. Applicants should be prepared to contribute to the country’s economic development and comply with the program’s requirements.

5.3 Financial and Legal Planning

Applicants should seek professional advice on financial and legal matters, such as tax obligations, investment structures, and compliance with Thai regulations.

5.4 Networking and Collaboration

Thailand’s innovation ecosystem offers numerous opportunities for networking and collaboration. Smart Visa holders should actively engage with local businesses, government agencies, and research institutions to maximize their impact.

6. Challenges and Limitations

While the Smart Visa offers significant benefits, it also presents certain challenges and limitations:

6.1 Stringent Eligibility Criteria

The program’s eligibility criteria are highly selective, limiting access to a relatively small pool of highly skilled professionals, investors, and entrepreneurs.

6.2 Limited Awareness

Despite its potential, the Smart Visa program remains relatively unknown to many prospective applicants. Greater awareness and promotion are needed to attract a wider range of candidates.

6.3 Bureaucratic Hurdles

The application process can be complex and time-consuming, particularly for applicants unfamiliar with Thailand’s regulatory environment.

6.4 Competition from Other Countries

Thailand faces competition from other countries in the region, such as Singapore and Malaysia, which offer similar visa programs with attractive benefits.

7. Case Studies: Smart Visa in Action

7.1 BOI-Promoted Manufacturing Facility

A Japanese automotive parts manufacturer established a facility in Thailand with BOI promotion. The company received exemptions from foreign ownership limits and tax incentives, enabling it to operate efficiently and competitively in the Thai market.

7.2 Joint Venture in the Tourism Sector

A European hotel chain formed a joint venture with a Thai partner to operate a luxury resort in Phuket. The partnership allowed the foreign company to comply with the FBA’s restrictions while benefiting from the local partner’s market knowledge and connections.

7.3 Expat Acquiring a Condominium in Bangkok

An expatriate working in Bangkok obtained a mortgage to purchase a freehold condominium. The borrower negotiated a favorable interest rate and used currency hedging to manage exchange rate risks.

8. Conclusion

The Thailand Smart Visa program represents a significant step forward in the country’s efforts to attract global talent, investment, and innovation. By offering extended stay periods, work permit exemptions, and other benefits, the program provides a compelling value proposition for high-potential individuals and businesses. However, prospective applicants must carefully evaluate the program’s requirements and challenges to determine its suitability for their needs. By understanding the eligibility criteria, gathering strong documentation, and seeking professional assistance, applicants can maximize their chances of success. For those facing the daunting prospect of separation from their loved ones, the Smart Visa offers a path to hope and reunification, provided they navigate the process with care and diligence.

[applythaivisas]

Business Visa in Thailand

Foreign nationals intending to work, conduct business, or invest in Thailand must obtain a Non-Immigrant B Visa, commonly referred to as the Business Visa. Governed by the Immigration Act B.E. 2522 (1979) and related regulations under the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the Thai Immigration Bureau, this visa allows foreigners to legally engage in business activities or seek employment within Thailand.

The Business Visa is essential for foreign entrepreneurs, company representatives, professionals attending conferences, or individuals seeking to establish a business presence in Thailand. In addition to securing the visa, foreign nationals must also comply with Thailand’s labor laws, particularly by obtaining a work permit for employment activities.

This guide offers an in-depth look at the legal framework, application procedures, and compliance requirements for securing and maintaining a Business Visa in Thailand.

1. Legal Framework Governing Business Visas in Thailand

The issuance and regulation of Business Visas in Thailand are primarily governed by:

Immigration Act B.E. 2522 (1979) – Establishes the legal basis for foreign entry and stay.

Alien Employment Act B.E. 2551 (2008) – Regulates the employment of foreign nationals in Thailand.

Foreign Business Act B.E. 2542 (1999) – Governs foreign ownership and business operations in restricted sectors.

Board of Investment (BOI) Regulations – Provides visa privileges and incentives for approved foreign investments.

2. Types of Business Visas in Thailand

There are several categories under the Non-Immigrant B Visa designed for different business and employment purposes:

2.1 Non-Immigrant B Visa (Employment)

Issued for individuals employed by a Thai company.

Requires a valid job offer and a corresponding work permit.

2.2 Non-Immigrant B Visa (Business)

Issued for entrepreneurs and investors conducting business activities in Thailand.

Suitable for attending meetings, negotiating contracts, or establishing a business presence.

2.3 Non-Immigrant B-A Visa (Business Approved)

Issued to foreign nationals invited by businesses promoted by the Board of Investment (BOI).

Faster processing and extended privileges.

2.4 Non-Immigrant IB Visa (Investment and Business)

For foreign investors in businesses that are eligible for investment privileges under Thai government regulations.

3. Eligibility Criteria for a Thai Business Visa

Applicants must meet specific requirements to qualify for a Business Visa:

Valid Passport – Must be valid for at least 6 months (or 1 year for long-term visas).

Employment Offer or Business Purpose – Proof of employment or business-related activities.

Sufficient Financial Means – Proof of financial capacity (bank statements, income verification).

No Criminal Record – Certificate of good conduct from the applicant’s home country.

Compliance with Thai Immigration Laws – No history of overstay or immigration violations.

4. Required Documentation for Business Visa Application

Applicants must submit the following documents for a successful application:

4.1 From the Applicant

Completed Visa Application Form (TM.87).

Valid passport (with at least 6 months of validity).

Recent passport-sized photographs.

Police clearance certificate (for long-term stays).

Medical certificate (in certain cases).

4.2 From the Employer or Business Entity

Official invitation letter from the Thai company.

Copy of the company’s Certificate of Incorporation.

Copy of the company’s VAT registration and tax documents.

Company affidavit issued by the Ministry of Commerce.

List of shareholders and proof of paid-up capital.

Work permit or approval letter from the Ministry of Labour (for employment-related visas).

5. Application Process for the Thai Business Visa

Step 1: Obtain Preliminary Approval (if applicable)

If applying through a BOI-promoted company or for an investment-related visa, obtain approval from the Board of Investment (BOI).

Step 2: Document Submission

Submit the application and necessary documents at a Thai embassy or consulate in the applicant’s home country.

Step 3: Visa Processing

The application is reviewed by the Thai Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the Immigration Bureau.

Processing time typically takes 5–10 working days, depending on the embassy or consulate.

Step 4: Visa Issuance

Once approved, the visa will be stamped in the applicant’s passport.

A single-entry or multiple-entry visa will be issued depending on the application type.

Step 5: Post-Arrival Requirements

Upon arrival, applicants must apply for a work permit from the Ministry of Labour before engaging in any employment-related activity.

Mandatory 90-day reporting to Thai immigration for all non-immigrant visa holders.

6. Validity and Extensions of a Business Visa

6.1 Single-Entry Business Visa

Valid for 90 days from the date of entry.

Can be extended within Thailand at the Immigration Bureau for up to 1 year with proper documentation.

6.2 Multiple-Entry Business Visa

Valid for 1 year from the date of issuance.

Allows multiple entries, with each stay capped at 90 days per entry.

6.3 Long-Term Extensions

Business visa holders may apply for a 1-year extension based on employment, company operations, or investment activities.

Requires updated documentation, including proof of business activity and continued financial capacity.

7. Work Permit Requirements for Business Visa Holders

Foreign nationals engaging in employment must obtain a valid work permit in addition to holding a Business Visa.

7.1 Application Process for Work Permit

Submit an application through the Ministry of Labour.

Provide relevant company documents, including tax records, employee lists, and company registration certificates.

Proof of foreign employee qualifications (degree certificates, professional licenses).

7.2 Restrictions on Employment

Certain professions are prohibited for foreigners under the Foreign Employment Act, including:

Legal services

Agriculture and manual labor

Thai traditional massage

Hairdressing and beauty services

8. Tax and Legal Obligations for Business Visa Holders

8.1 Tax Residency Status

Individuals who stay in Thailand for more than 180 days per year are classified as tax residents.

Tax residents are subject to personal income tax on income generated in Thailand and on foreign income remitted into the country.

8.2 Corporate Compliance

Foreigners conducting business in Thailand must ensure that their companies comply with:

Foreign Business Act restrictions on foreign ownership in specific sectors.

Proper registration of business licenses and submission of tax filings.

Observance of Thai labor laws, including appropriate wages and employment contracts for foreign and local employees.

Conclusion

The Business Visa in Thailand is an essential pathway for foreigners seeking to engage in commercial activities, employment, or investment in the country. While the application process can be complex, particularly for first-time applicants, understanding the legal framework, visa categories, and compliance requirements is crucial for a successful business venture in Thailand.

Foreign nationals intending to work or conduct business should consult with a qualified legal advisor to navigate the complexities of Thai immigration and labor laws. Proper planning and legal compliance not only ensure the smooth issuance of the visa but also protect the applicant’s long-term business interests in Thailand.