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iotagger · 7 years

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Hardware solutions for Eclipse IOT Challenge: Exploring LoRa/LoRaWAN

The Eclipse IOT challenge lead me to research more in depth different technologies both from the hardware and the software aspect. As part of product development and delivery one has to come up with the solution for a problem. In this case the problem is parking in urban areas, or the lack of smarter parking solutions. Such implementation would not only allow end users to have a better parking experience while saving time in finding an adequate spots but also provides the city with valuable data to be used for city planning and city improvement projects.

Once the issue is identified, it was important to find a technical solution that would align with our needs. For city implementations, given the broad area that needs to be covered, we would need a type of communication that is long range and low cost, both in cost of sending data and power consumption. I first tackled the hardware needs once the design was evaluated. The prototype for a smart city solution needs to also be scalable while adding the least overhead in cost and infrastructure needed.

In this article I will go more in depth on the research done to identify one of the key components of the project. I will share a summary of my findings in hopes of helping others that are also exploring similar solutions.

Evaluating communication solutions:

I evaluated BLE, bluetooth, cellular, satellite, Wi-Fi, SigFox, Zigbee and Lora. Bluetooth and Wi-Fi, given its range limitation and cost were not considered for this prototype. Cellular communications have a higher cost as well, and at even steeper price comes satellite communication; both this options were also discarded. SigFox and LoRa/LoraWAN were the runner up candidates. I came across a comprehensive post on the comparison of SigFox and LoRa that is worth the read https://www.link-labs.com/blog/sigfox-vs-lora . The winner was LoRa.

Why Lora?

As explained by Libelium on http://www.libelium.com/development/waspmote/documentation/lora-vs-lorawan/ LoRa contains only the link layer protocol and is perfect to be used in P2P communications between nodes. LoRa modules are a little cheaper that the LoRaWAN ones.. LoRaWAN includes the network layer too so it is possible to send the information to any Base Station already connected to a Cloud platform. LoRaWAN modules may work in different frequencies by just connecting the right antenna to its socket..

LoRa which stands for long range wireless operates at a low bandwidth, meaning that its best application is for sending smaller pieces of data such as sensor data. LoRaWAN is known for its good penetration and long coverage which has been recorded to reach over 10 KM distance. LoRaWAN operates on unlicensed bands, so in most countries is legal to have you own LoRaWAN gateway cutting down the cost given that you will not have to pay a carrier or third party to supply you with the service.

Additionally a selling point for me personally was the wide accessibility to various developer platforms and hardware solutions such as DIY LoRa kits, libraries and Arduino compatible LoRa modules. The Things Network offers a strong platform with access to resources, documentation and a great community of IOT LoRa enthusiast.

Gateway

Lets take a look at one of the hardware pieces now. “Gateways form the bridge between devices and The Things Network. Devices use low power networks like LoRaWAN to connect to the Gateway, while the Gateway uses high bandwidth networks like WiFi, Ethernet or Cellular to connect to The Things Network. Gateways are routers equipped with a LoRa concentrator, allowing them to receive LoRa packets”(see more at https://www.thethingsnetwork.org/docs/gateways/). Below is a list of some gateways that were evaluated for this project. I spent time looking at their platform flexibility, the documentation and support provided and what would be the most cost effective solution for a minimum viable product (MVP).

Lorixone

https://lorixone.io/

LORIX One is the first low cost gateway designed and assembled in Switzerland. Its technical specifications include Runx Linux Yocto 4.X SX1301 gateway chip SPI based 8 channels, 49 demodulators @ 868MHz

Lorixone counts with great documentation accessible at https://www.thethingsnetwork.org/labs/story/install-awesome-lorix-one-gateway

Kerlink

Details at https://www.kerlink.com/iot-solutions-services/IoT%20LoRaWan%20Solutions/

Wirnet iBTS is a range of modular and upgradeable gateways designed for IoT public operators. It can be upgraded up to 64 LoRa™ channels to offer an answer to massive messages supporting. I was unable to identify the price point for this gateway.

The Things Gateway

Details at https://www.thethingsnetwork.org/docs/gateways/gateway/

Retails: € 300.00 € 280.00 (ex VAT)

Originally started as a Kikstarter campaign viewable at https://www.kickstarter.com/projects/419277966/the-things-network it provides 10 km / 6 miles radius of network coverage, it can server thousands of nodes and its an straight forward to set up. It counts with ample documentation and a strong community.

Technical specifications:

Fastest way to get started with LoRaWAN (Long Range WAN)

Set up your own LoRaWAN network in as little as 5 minutes

Connects easily to your WiFi or Ethernet connection

Wireless range of up to 10 km (6 miles)

Engage with a global community of IoT developers

Easy cloud integration with popular IoT platforms

Based on open source hardware and software standards

Devices can freely communicate over all gateways connected to The Things Network

XBEE slot for future connectivity protocols or homebrew add-ons.

Security through the https connection and embedded in the LoRaWAN protocol

Can serve thousands of nodes (depending on traffic)

Laird — RG1xx

Details at: https://www.lairdtech.com/products/rg1xx-lora-gateway

Retail 400+ US dollars

This gateway counts with a dual-band Wi-Fi, BT v4.0 (BLE and Classic) and wired Ethernet; LoRa range up to 10 miles and pre-loaded LoRa Packet Forwarder software

Technical specifications:

Full Linux operating system — Kernel v4.x running on Atmel A5 Core @ 536 MHz

Multiple interfaces such as LoRaWAN, 802.11a/b/g/n, Bluetooth v4.0, and Ethernet

8-Channel LoRaWAN support with up to +27dBM max transmit power

Comprehensive Certifications for FCC / IC (RG191) and CE (RG186) (all pending)

Industrial temperature range (-30º to 70º C)

Advanced deployment tools including intuitive web-based configuration, integrated LoRa packet forwarder, and default settings for multiple LoRaWAN Network Server vendors

Enterprise-grade security built on Laird’s years of experience in wireless

Industry-leading support works directly with Laird engineers to help deploy your design

LoRa Network Server pre-sets — The Things Network, Loriot, Stream and Senet

Multitech

Developer resource http://www.multitech.net/developer/products/multiconnect-conduit-platform/

Retail 675–685 US dollars

Breakdown: base gateway MTCDT-H5–210L-US-EU-GB https://www.digikey.com/product-detail/en/multi-tech-systems-inc/MTCDT-H5-210L-US-EU-GB/881-1236-ND/5246365() $490, antenna (https://www.digikey.com/product-detail/en/multi-tech-systems-inc/AN868-915A-10HRA/881-1242-ND/5246371) $13, LoRa module MTAC-LORA-915 (https://www.digikey.com/product-detail/en/multi-tech-systems-inc/MTAC-LORA-915/881-1239-ND/5246368) $180

The MultiConnect® Conduit™ is a configurable, scalable cellular communications gateway for industrial IoT applications. Conduit allows users to plug in two MultiConnect mCard™ accessory cards supporting wired or wireless interfaces. It counts with open source Linux development, wwo mcard slots, Lora 8 channel receiver, Spred spectrum frequency hopping that is ued to Up to 10 miles line of sight. MultiConnect has done a great job with its documentation and it counts with its own platform that can be used as well.

Lorrier LR2

Details at: https://lorrier.com/#introducing-lr2

Developer resource: https://github.com/lorriercom

Retail €615.00 €755.00

Based on LoRaWAN™ protocol. This is a fully outdoor device intended to establish a wide coverage network by telecommunications operators and local network by individuals or IoT connectivity service providers. The whole solution, including both HW and SW parts, follows the Lorrier culture, and it is shared as an Open Source.

The gateway is based on iC880a LoRaWAN™ concentrator by IMST which uses Semtech SX1301 base band processor designed for use with LoRa® networks. BeagleBone Green with 1GHz (2000 MIPS) processor and fully operational on fast SPI bus was chosen as a powerful control unit.

LoRa/LoRaWAN Gateway — 915MHz for Raspberry Pi 3

Details at https://www.seeedstudio.com/LoRa%2FLoRaWAN-Gateway-915MHz-for-Raspberry-Pi-3-p-2821.html

Retails 289.00 US dollars

If you want to build you own LoRa network, there are 3 things that you should prepare to get started: a Gateway, at least one Node and a local server where you can monitor all your devices. This kit provides a gateway & local server that allows you to collect and transfer data among all your LoRa nodes. By connecting the gateway with Seeeduino LoRaWAN and Grove modules, you can build your IOT prototype within minutes.

Regarding the gateway module RHF0M301, it is a 10 channel(8 x Multi-SF + 1 x Standard LoRa + 1 x FSK) LoRaWan gateway moduel with a 24pin DIP port on board, users can easily connect the RHF0M301 with PRI 2 bridge RHF4T002, adapter for Raspberry Pi 3 and RHF0M301.

RisingHF gateway

Details at http://www.risinghf.com/product/rhf0m301/?lang=en

I have seen this solution mentioned and used across the LoRaWAN community. Its technical specs are RHF0M301 is a 10 channels (8 x Multi-SF + 1 x Standard LoRa + 1 x FSK) LoRa/LoRaWAN gateway or concentrator module. The module is integrated one 24 pins DIP hearder, with this header user could connect RHF0M301 with his own embedded platform to build a customized gateway easily.

LG01 LoRa OpenWrt IoT Gateway by Dragino Tech

Details at https://www.tindie.com/products/edwin/lg01-lora-openwrt-iot-gateway/?pt=ac_prod_search

Retails 56.00 US dollars

This gateway is a long distance wireless 433/868/915Mhz, OpenWrt, LoRa IoT Gateway

The LG01 is an open source single channel LoRa Gateway. It lets you bridge LoRa wireless network to an IP network via WiFi, Ethernet, 3G or 4G cellular.

DYI options:

There are various posts on DYI options based both from Raspberry Pi and Arduino boards. Below are a few:

Build your own gateway

https://www.thethingsnetwork.org/docs/gateways/start/build.html

Building a Raspberry Pi Powered LoRaWAN Gateway

https://www.rs-online.com/designspark/building-a-raspberry-pi-powered-lorawan-gateway

Hardware IMST iC880A LoRaWAN “concentrator” board and Raspberry Pi

The iC880A — LoRaWAN https://wireless-solutions.de/products/long-range-radio/ic880a iC880A is able to receive packets of different end devices send with different spreading factors on up to 8 channels in parallel. In combination with an embedded Linux board like Raspberry Pi, Beagle Bone, Banana Pi and the HAL software from https://github.com/Lora-net a complete LoRaWAN® gateway can be setup easily.

From zero to LoRaWAN in a weekend

https://github.com/ttn-zh/ic880a-gateway/wiki

Based iC880a concentrator board and a Raspberry Pi 2.

A DIY low-cost LoRa gateway

http://cpham.perso.univ-pau.fr/LORA/RPIgateway.html

The gateway is based on a Raspberry PI. RPI 1B+/2B/3B can be used. The LoRa modules comes from (a) Libelium LoRa radio module, (b) HopeRF RFM92W/HopeRF RFM95W (or RFM96W for 433MHz), © Modtronix inAir9/inAir9B (or inAir4 for 433MHz), (d) NiceRF LoRa1276. Libelium LoRa and RFM92W use the Semtech SX1272 chip while RFM95W, inAir9/9B and NiceRF LoRa1276 use the SX1276 which is actually more versatile.

Note: The LoRa module and the LoRaWAN module are not compatible because the protocols are different. The LoRa module implements a simple link protocol, created by Libelium. However, the LoRaWAN module runs the LoRaWAN protocol, a much richer and more advanced protocol, created by the LoRa Alliance.

Check out their Github page with detailed documentation https://github.com/CongducPham/LowCostLoRaGw

Conclusion on gateways:

The gateway is a key portion of this solution given that the sensors will need to send the information “somewhere” where it can either be analyzed on the edge or sent to the cloud. After considering price ranges on both the parts needed for a DIY solution or a full blown gateway I considered those solutions that would be cost effective and which I was most familiar with. The “LG01 LoRa OpenWrt IoT Gateway by Dragino Tech” seemed the best approach. The developer kit counts with an Arduino developer node and a Developer gateway. Note that this solution only counts with ONE channel, in comparison with other solutions that allow 8+ channels. This was a compromise that was evaluated and given that this will be a prototype the one channel option seemed sufficient.

In the following articles I will showcase both the remaining hardware parts and the software portion along with updates on how the project is coming along.

#iot #internetofthings #technology #TechNews #tech #smartcities #lora #lorawan

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modelcamt1 · 4 years

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What type of technical questions are asked on the Internet of Things (IoT) during an interview?

Internet of Things, being a hot trending topic is the most sought after skill by tech companies. HR and core technological companies are on the hunt for professionals or candidates who have in-depth knowledge of this emerging technology and they test the probable candidates with various questions like –

IoT Interview Questions:

Name some suitable databases for IoT

Which sensor is used to detect fire?

Is it possible to make a small radar? If yes, how?

What is meant by Raspberry Pi?

What do you know about Arduino?

What are different types of sensors?

Which are popular communication protocols for IoT communications?

What do you know about LoRa & LoRaWan?

what is use of Gateways?

which are popular cloud servers?

what is mean by data lakes?

How data science will be useful in IoT applications?

How artificial intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) will enhance IoT applications?

And so on. To ensure you any question properly and make the recruiter feel you are the best suitable candidate for the open position, you must take proper training from a well-known institute who have proper trainers. Modelcam Technologies is the best IoT training institute in Pune and offers 6 courses under IoT. The syllabus of these courses has been designed as per industry requirements. I happened to know about them from Facebook and after interacting with the trainer over mail, it was a quick decision to join their class. I am thoroughly satisfied with the course and have learned a lot after joining here.

Our IoT Certification Courses

A lot of training institutes and even coaching classes are boasting to be the best providers of IoT certification course. The current trend to capitalize on the latest emerging technology has coerced many training centres to provide IoT online training or remote courses for the comfort of interested students. Modelcam Technologies is an excellent IoT training centre that caters to the demands of the industry and has started 6 new IoT online courses which you can check in the below –

Home automation using IoT

IoT using Arduino and Sensors

IoT using Raspberry Pi and Sensors

IOT Sensors and Devices

AI and Machine Learning using Python

Smart Factory using IoT

Reskilling : Our Topmost Priority

Industry is in the middle of massive disruption of the 4 million jobs in the industry today the nature of 60-65% is likely to change over the next 5 years. Jobs will change and new jobs will emerge. Demand is increasing rapidly for emerging technologies like Big Data Analytics, AI/ML, Cybersecurity, IoT and Robotics. Our Goal s to Position India as the talent hub for the new emerging technologies. For that we need to build a talent pipline for the future and enable excisting workpace to get reskilled. Every company will need to navigate this change- Need a aollabrative industry level response.

Is Career in IoT good?Technology is growing fast and so are various career options with it. IoT is revolutionizing the world and here is how doing an IoT course can assist in making a flourishing career –

Advanced career opportunities

Be the next Data Scientist

In-depth understanding of business strategies

Affordable Learning options

Secure and Safe Learning Environment with Protocols

User-friendly programming languages

Survival in the Mobile Era

If you have any doubts, feel free to contact us and get yourself enrolled in our IoT online training course at the earliest. You can call us at 8237016167 or just drop your queries at [email protected].

#Internet of Things Interview #iot interview #iot job opning #IoT JOBS

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planetarduino · 5 years

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LoRa made easy: Connect your devices to the Arduino IoT Cloud

An important new feature is now available in the Arduino IoT Cloud — full support for LoRa® devices!

LoRa® is one of our favorite emerging technologies for IoT because it enables long-range and low power transmission of data without using cellular or WiFi connections. It’s a very powerful and promising technology but it comes with its own complexity. In our pursuit to make IoT easier, we’ve already released a few products that enable anyone to build a LoRa® device (or a fleet of LoRa® devices!). Thanks to the Arduino MKR WAN 1310 board, combined with the Arduino Pro Gateway you can create your own LoRaWAN

network. But we have decided to do more than that, and it’s time to release one more important piece….

The Arduino IoT Cloud now provides an incredibly easy way to collect data sent by your LoRa® devices. With a few clicks, the IoT Cloud will generate a sketch template for the boards that you can adapt to read data from your sensors, pre-process it as you want, and then send it to the IoT Cloud. With a few more clicks (no coding required), you’ll be able to create a graphical dashboard that displays the collected data in real-time and lets users see their history through charts and other widgets. You will not need to worry about coding your own compression, serialization and queueing algorithm, as it will all be done under the hood in a smart way — you’ll be able to transmit multiple properties (more than five), pushing the boundary beyond the packet size limits of LoRaWAN

This is our take on edge computing — you program the device to collect and prepare your data locally, and then we take care of shipping such data to a centralized place.

Such a simplified tool for data collection is already quite innovative, but we decided to take it an important step further. All the available solutions for LoRa® currently focus on collecting data, but they do not address it from the other way round i.e. sending data from a centralized application to the LoRa® device(s). Arduino IoT Cloud now lets you do this — you’ll be able to control actuators connected to your device by sending messages via LoRa®, with no coding needed.

Build and control your own LoRaWAN

network with Arduino IoT Cloud, the Pro Gateway and the new improved MKR WAN 1310 board that features the latest low-power architecture to extend the battery life and enable the power consumption to go as low as 104uA.

LoRa made easy: Connect your devices to the Arduino IoT Cloud was originally published on PlanetArduino

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mokosmart · 5 years

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LoRaWAN Temperature and Humidity Sensor

We use the LoRaWAN temperature humidity sensor for detecting any changes in moisture and temperature. It then reports these changes to the LoRaWAN gateway. So, the LoRaWAN gateway transmits this data to the cloud. Hence, we can see this information by accessing it through a smart device and therefore we can use it as per our needs. We typically use such temperature humidity sensor in various industries and in remote environments. A LoRaWAN temperature and humidity sensor don’t consume too much power. Hence, they are not only economical but also very efficient. In this article, we will tell you all that you need to know about the LoRaWAN temperature humidity sensor.

Working Process of LoRaWAN Temperature and Humidity Sensor

In this section, we discuss how temperature and humidity sensors work. Therefore, the following is a description of its working.

It includes two separate detection probes. So, one probe is for detecting the change in the temperature. However, the second probe is for detecting the change in humidity.

Whenever there is a change in temperature the dedicated probe is able to detect it. And this probe records this change. Similarly, any change in humidity is detected by its dedicated probe. So, this detection is then consequently recorded.

LoRaWAN temperature humidity sensor is often placed in remote locations where they form the LoRa nodes.

Hence, each cluster of remote LoRa nodes is connected to a singular LoRaWAN gateway.

A collection of LoRaWAN gateways form a LoRa network. The LoRaWAN gateways often communicate with the LoRa network through cloud computing.

The measurements recorded by a LoRaWAN temperature humidity sensor are then converted into a LoRa signal and sent to the closest LoRaWAN gateway.

So, the LoRaWAN gateway then receives the LoRa signal from a LoRaWAN temperature humidity sensor. And then it transmits this signal to the dedicated IoT cloud network. From there the information is accessible to any smart device such as a PC, tablet, cell phone, or laptop.

LoRa temperature sensor is often programmable. So, we can set its measurement frequency. This means that it takes temperature and humidity measurements after specified intervals. So, these measurements are then transmitted to the LoRaWAN gateway and so on after fixed periods of time.

LoRa temperature and humidity sensors consume very little power so they are very cost-effective and deliver excellent performance.

How to Interface an IoT temperature sensor?

This section is dedicated to the interfacing of the IoT temperature and humidity sensor. So, here are the detailed steps.

You will have to first select the temperature and humidity sensor that you want to use.

Then you will have to use something which will convert the analog measurements recorded by these sensors into digital signals. So, you can use a microcontroller like Arduino or Raspberry Pi for this purpose.

However, if you use microcontrollers for the deployment of a large number of sensors then it might cost you a lot.

After integrating the temperature or humidity sensor with the microcontroller, you will have to integrate a transmitter module. This transmitter module will send the recorded values in the form of a signal to the receiver.

So, you will have to then attach the receiver to a remote server. This remote server will serve as a network node.

You will then have to seek the help of a third party to provide you cloud services. The cloud service will link the remote server with the rest of your IoT network and you can then use it as per your needs.

A Better Alternative: LoRaWAN Temperature and Humidity Sensor

However, if you use the LoRaWAN temperature humidity sensor for your IoT network then it will save you a lot of hassle. You can connect it to a LoRa node without relying on relatively expensive microcontrollers. Additionally, you won’t have to use receivers and transmitters because LoRa nodes can communicate with the LoRaWAN gateways on their own. The LPWAN protocol operates on open bandwidths so you won’t need the help of a third-party service. Hence, you can easily send the data through a LoRa signal directly to your cloud server. Then you can easily access this data and analyze it for various purposes by using a computer or mobile device.

Applications of LoRaWAN Temperature Humidity Sensor

In this section, we will briefly look at some of the applications of the LoRaWAN temperature humidity sensor.

Smart Agriculture

Large agricultural and animal farms need to closely monitor the temperature and humidity. So that they are able to better monitor their performance and favorable conditions. Sometimes farm owners have to cover vast areas so they are unable to take physically measure temperature and humidity in all locations. Hence, we can easily take temperature and humidity measurements by using LoRaWAN.

Monitoring of Environment Conditions

We often use wireless temperature and humidity sensor for monitoring the environmental conditions in various remote locations. These measurements will allow us to predict extreme weather and environmental conditions well in advance such as flooding.

Smart Buildings

It is difficult to detect internal and external environmental changes in large buildings. Hence, we can use an IoT temperature sensor for detecting any significant temperature and humidity change. This allows for better detection of extreme conditions and builds better fire alarms.

Industrial Control

Industries rely on various manufacturing processes that involve monitoring of different parameters. Temperature and humidity are some of the most important industrial parameters. Hence, it is necessary for us to effectively measure them. A LoRaWAN temperature and humidity sensor allow for a large number of measurements and convenience to access them.

LoRaWAN Temperature Humidity Sensor By MOKOSmart

MOKOSmart is a renowned name when it comes to IoT products. Our LoRaWAN Temperature and Humidity Sensor offers support for CN470MHZ and AS923MHZ. It has an 8000mAh battery which has a lifespan of over 10 years. It allows for very accurate temperature and humidity measurements. You should contact us if you want to know more details.

#lora lorawan mokosmart

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elcereza · 9 months

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GPIOs do LoRaMesh da Radioenge: Portas digitais

Aprenda como usar as GPIOs do módulo LoRaMesh da Radioenge

As GPIOs do LoRaMesh da Radioenge possibilita que possamos fazer aplicações de automação com um uso reduzido de hardware, dedicando apenas ao circuito de chaveamento (se necessário) e de alimentação. No total temos no LoRaMesh 8 GPIOs sendo todas configuráveis como entrada ou saída digital e duas como leitura analógica. Porém neste post vamos apenas abordar as portas digitais. Por qual motivo…

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#lora mesh arduino #lora mesh chat #lora mesh device #lora mesh library #lora mesh module #lora mesh network #lora mesh network raspberry pi #lora mesh protocol #lora mesh radio #lora mesh range #lora vs lorawan #loramesh #lorawan #lorawan devices #lorawan gateway #lorawan network #mesh lora

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ellcereza · 2 years

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Módulo LoRaWAN da Radioenge Tutorial Completo

O módulo LoRaWAN da Radioenge é homologado pela Anatel e 100% fabricado no Brasil e neste post você aprende tudo sobre ele.

O módulo LoRaWAN da Radioenge é uma placa de fabricação nacional e homologada que pode ser usada com qualquer microcontrolador ou microprocessador através de comandos AT via porta serial. 1 O que é LoRaWAN? O LoRaWAN é um protocolo que desenvolvido para aumentar o alcance da rede LoRa e utiliza nós em estrela para diminuir ao máximo o consumo da bateria, de modo que os ‘end nodes’ fiquem…

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#arduino lorawan #arduino lorawan library #class a lorawan #esp32 lorawan #esp32 lorawan gateway #lorawan #lorawan board #lorawan concentrator #lorawan development kit #lorawan devices #lorawan esp32 #lorawan examples #lorawan gateway #lorawan network

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elcereza · 9 months

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Leitura analógica do LoRaMesh da Radioenge

Aprenda como usar a leitura analógica com o módulo LoRaMesh da Radioenge

A leitura analógica com o LoRaMesh possibilita com que possamos fazer um amplo sistema de sensoriamento remoto sem precisar necessariamente de microcontrolador adicional na parte do slave. Por qual motivo usar a leitura analógica do LoRaMesh da Radioenge? Uma leitura digital em muito dos casos já é mais que o suficiente para saber se algo está ou não funcionando, mas a leitura analógica do…

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elcereza · 9 months

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STM32 e módulo LoRaWAN da Radioenge

Aprenda como eu fiz uma integração do módulo LoRaWAN da Radioenge e STM32 através da STM32CubeIDE

O STM32 e módulo LoRaWAN da Radioenge são uma bela junção para aplicações de baixo consumo de energia e longo alcance, tanto é que o próprio módulo tem um STM32L presente. Este projeto foi inteiramente construído dentro da STM32CubeIDE como uma forma de estudo e exemplo, então seu funcionamento é um pouco diferente do funcionamento no Arduino IDE. De qualquer forma a infraestrutura está o mais…

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#arduino lorawan #arduino lorawan library #helium lorawan #lorawan #lorawan alliance #lorawan arduino #lorawan board #lorawan class a #lorawan communicator #lorawan devices #lorawan diagram #lorawan esp32 #lorawan gateway #lorawan network #lorawan stm32

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planetarduino · 5 years

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New MKR WAN 1310 for LoRa connectivity comes with 2MByte Flash and extended battery life

We’re excited to announce the launch of the Arduino MKR WAN 1310, which offers a practical and cost-effective solution for those looking to add LoRa connectivity to their projects.

The new MKR WAN 1310 enables you to connect your sensors and actuators over long distances harnessing the power of the LoRa wireless protocol or throughout LoRaWAN networks.

This open source board can be connected to:

Arduino Create

To your own LoRa network using the Arduino Pro Gateway for LoRa

To existing LoRaWAN infrastructure like The Things Network

Or even to other boards using the direct connectivity mode

The latest low-power architecture has considerably improved the battery life on the MKR WAN 1310. When properly configured, the power consumption is now as low as 104uA! It is also possible to use the USB port to supply power (5V) to the board; run the board with or without batteries – the choice is yours.

Based on the Microchip SAM D21 low-power processor and a Murata CMWX1ZZABZ LoRa module, the MKR WAN 1310 comes complete with an ECC508 crypto chip, a battery charger and 2MByte SPI Flash, as well as improved control of the board’s power consumption.

Data logging and other OTA (Over-the-Air) functions are now possible since the inclusion of the on board 2MByte Flash. This new exciting feature will let you transfer configuration files from the infrastructure onto the board, create your own scripting commands, or simply store data locally to send it whenever the connectivity is best. While the MKR WAN 1310’s crypto chip adds further security by storing credentials and certificates in the embedded secure element.

These features make it the perfect IoT node and building block for low-power wide area IoT devices.

The MKR WAN 1310 is available on the Arduino Store, where you’ll find complete specs and more information.

New MKR WAN 1310 for LoRa connectivity comes with 2MByte Flash and extended battery life was originally published on PlanetArduino

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mokosmart · 5 years

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How does LoRa sensor works

Those sensors which are based on LoRa technology is known as a LoRa sensor. LoRa sensors have capabilities for geolocation, allows for low power consumption and long-range transmissions (typically more than 10 km). Hence, we can use these via timestamps from various gateways to triangulate positions of devices. LoRa sensors allow for long-range connectivity between devices to allow for an effective Internet of Things (IoT) implementation. This has applications across multiple industries.

How Does LoRa Sensor Send and Receive data

A LoRa network uses LoRaWAN protocol for sending and receiving data from LoRa sensors. LoRaWAN is a cloud-based media access control (MAC) layer protocol but acts mainly as a network layer protocol. We use LoRaWAN for managing communication between LoRa gateways and LoRa devices (nodes). It functions as a routing protocol and the LoRa Alliance maintains it. The first version of LoRaWAN was released in the year 2015.

LoRaWAN defines the system architecture and the communication protocol for the LoRa network. It allows for a secure and reliable long-range communication link. LoRaWAN also manages data rates, communication frequencies, and power optimization for all LoRa devices.

LoRa nodes in a LoRa network are based on asynchronous communication, and they start transmitting when they have data available to send. This enables a LoRa network to trade off sensitivity for data rate with a fixed channel bandwidth. It mainly involves selecting the amount of used spread (which is a selectable parameter between 7 and12). This spreading factor determines the sensitivity of a LoRa node and determines its data rate.

Data transmitted by a LoRa node is received by multiple LoRa gateways, which forward the received data packets to a centralized network server (IoT server). The IoT server filters out the duplicate packets, manages the network and performs security checks. The server then sends this data to the application modules, control panels, or connected smart devices. This way LoRaWAN protocol shows high reliability and accuracy for the moderate load.

Additionally, LoRa uses Forward Error Correction coding. This improves the LoRa network's resilience against any kind of high interference. The high range of a LoRa network is characterized by very high wireless link budgets, which are around 155 dB to 170 dB.

How to make LoRa Sensors?

We typically integrate LoRa sensors into IoT networks. The sensors which we mostly use with LoRa technology are,

DHT11

It is a basic temperature and humidity sensor.

Ultrasonic Sensor

We use this sensor for checking if there is an object in front of it.

Photosensitive sensor

We use this sensor for monitoring the ambient light.

Flame sensor

It detects the presence of fire or a flame.

Relay

We use this for controlling the power of a device.

Buzzer

We use this for alarming or warning nearby individuals.

LED

These are for showing the progress or status of any process.

A collection of these sensors when combined with a GPS module via a microcontroller (usually Arduino or Raspberry Pi), forms a LoRa Sensor.

How to use LoRa sensors?

For using a LoRa sensor, we have to set up an effective LoRa Network. A typical LoRa network includes the following,

1. LoRa Node

A LoRa sensor, when embedded with wireless connectivity and LoRa protocol, then it forms a LoRa Node. A LoRa node collects the required sensor data and sends it over to the LoRa Gateway.

2. LoRa Gateway (LG01) A gateway is generally a device which we use for connecting various types of Network. LG01 is a LoRa Gateway which we use for bridging the LoRa wireless network and IP network. Its main features are,

a. It is the central point for forming a LoRa network.

b. Receives data from LoRa device (Node) in LoRa Network via LoRa wireless and sends it to IoT server in the IP network via

Wi-Fi

Ethernet

3G/4G etc.

c. Receives command from the IoT Server and sends it to LoRa device (Node).

3.IoT server

An IoT server is basically a cloud server that allows connectivity between various devices. It receives and stores data from multiple devices and allows access across multiple platforms. In the case of a LoRa network, the IoT server receives data from the LoRa Gateway and then stores it accordingly. This data can is then accessible from any smart device (A computer, laptop, mobile phone, or tablet, whichever is convenient).

When we want to scale the performance of LoRa sensors up or down or if we want to increase or decrease the range of their measurements, then the IoT server also allows for that. In this case, we send the commands from the control panel (any smart device) to the IoT server. The IoT server sends the command to the LoRa gateway, which in turn sends it to the Lora Node (device). The command is interpreted at the LoRa node, and the LoRa sensors follow it accordingly.

So, this is how we set up LoRa sensors within a LoRa network. A LoRa network can accommodate as many LoRa sensors as required.

Why Use LoRa Sensors?

LoRa technology, compared to other disruptive technologies, is not a promise of the future but is available today throughout the world. There are 600 known cases of deployment of LoRa technology in citywide IoT implementations, and this number is growing steadily. According to an estimate, more than 105 million LoRa devices are deployed around the world. LoRa sensors combined with the LoRaWAN protocol are helping in creating a smart world. Analysts predict that by 2023, around 43% of all IoT implementations will incorporate LoRa technology. Hence, LoRa technology is realizing the potential for IoT applications.

LoRa Technology Fills a Technological Gap

LoRa technology is revolutionizing IoT by using very little power and enabling data communication over a long-range. LoRaWAN fills the technology gap of Wi-Fi/BLE and cellular-based networks, which require either high power or high bandwidth and have the inability to penetrate shielded indoor environments or have a limited range. Hence, LoRa technology is efficient for usage in any indoor or rural settings.

2. LoRa Technology Complements Other Technologies

LoRa technology operates in the unlicensed band like Wi-Fi and is very secure from end devices to the IoT server like Cellular. This makes it suitable for both indoor and outdoor use. LoRaWAN protocol offers a flexible, economical, and efficient connectivity solution that is ideal for IoT applications, whether installed in private, public, or hybrid networks. LoRa sensor data can fuel analytics platforms that use machine learning and artificial intelligence. These technologies need data diversity, which is accommodated by LoRa sensors at a very low cost and power consumption.

3. Global Network Availability

LoRa devices (nodes) operate on the LoRaWAN protocol, which is an open standard. It is backed by the LoRa Alliance, a nonprofit association that is promoting worldwide adoption of LoRa technology. The ecosystem of LoRa alliance has over 500 members, which include 100 public network operators with service offerings in more than 58 countries. LoRaWAN based networks are globally accessible and are available in more than 100 countries. Therefore, this existing and established infrastructure makes it more efficient and easier to immediately deploy LoRa based solutions.

4. A Rapidly Growing Ecosystem

The ecosystem supporting LoRaWAN and LoRa includes a wide range of hardware manufacturers, service providers, network operators, software designers, universities, and industry associations. These play an integral role in creating devices, applications, and networks. The ecosystem is growing rapidly, and entities are adopting LoRa technology across multiple segments.

What are some prospective applications of LoRa Sensor ?

LoRa Sensors offer a wide range of possibilities that we can use for applications across multiple sectors. Some of the prospective applications of LoRa sensors are,

Smart Agriculture

IoT is widely being used in agriculture from measuring environmental conditions that affect crop production to tracking the health indicators of livestock. This allows for the minimum strain on the environment, maximization of yield, and minimization of expenses. LoRa devices (nodes) and LoRaWAN protocol can significantly improve the effectiveness of such networks. Some case studies have shown that the use of LoRa sensors has reduced the water consumption of commercial farms up to 50%. LoRa sensors have long-range connectivity and consume low power. Hence, they are able to send data from agriculture farms to the Cloud Server. The data is processed and analyzed there for improving operations.

2. Smart Cities

We can make municipal operations more efficient with the long-range and low power LoRa sensor. These sensors provide secure and GPS-free geolocation capacities. If city services such as parking, lighting, and waste removal are connected together, then cities can optimize the use of personnel and utilities for saving money and time.

3. Smart Healthcare

The low cost and low power consumption of LoRa sensors make them suitable for healthcare applications, which are critical and require reliability. IoT solutions based on LoRa sensors and gateways can help in monitoring high-risk patients around the clock. Therefore, this will help in ensuring that the medical safety and health of critical patients is never overlooked.

4. Smart Industrial Control

Operations in the industry can benefit from the LoRa sensors, which have continuous monitoring functions. Due to long-range and low power consumption of LoRa devices (nodes), we frequently use them in manufacturing industries and plants. They can also relay important data via LoRaWAN protocol to the concerned network. This can allow for analysis of data and subsequent optimization of business operations.

5. Smart Utilities

Conventional utility operations use subjective measurement by field technicians, and hence, they are labor-intensive. On top of that, meters are often located indoors, underground, or dense urban environments. This makes it difficult for most wireless technologies to reach them. So, using LoRa sensors and LoRaWAN protocol will allow metering and utility companies to collect data remotely. Therefore, it will also help them in streamlining the operations by using their personnel more efficiently.

6. Smart Supply Chain & Logistics

LoRa sensors make it affordable and easier for logistics and supply chain to track high valued assets that are in transit. The long-range and low power consumption of LoRa sensors makes it easier for GPS-free geolocation of vehicles and cargos. Hence, we can easily monitor any kind of assets within harsh environments and large geographic regions.

7. Alzheimer Patient Tracking

LoRa technology wearable tracking devices can alert caregivers when an Alzheimer patient leaves a designated safe zone. This will help in ensuring round the clock safety in the absence of physical supervision.

8. Smart Homes & Buildings

LoRa sensors can send data even from within buildings constructed from dense materials, and they consume low power. This makes LoRa sensors ideal for manufacturing smart home and building devices. Additionally, long-range capabilities of LoRa sensors and LoRaWAN protocol allow them to track assets that may stray away from home. LoRa sensors in smart home and building applications can optimize utility usage, detect danger, and improve the safety & convenience of daily life.

9. Smart Refrigeration Solutions

LoRa technology can help in smart refrigeration solutions, which can help in tracking food temperatures for the food retail industry. Global developments in established supermarket chains can save a lot of money every year. LoRa sensors can also help restaurants in reducing food waste and optimize the operational costs of food management.

If you are working on an IoT based solution and want to use LoRa technology but are worried about the complexity of the process, then you can rely on MOKO Smart. We offer state of the art LoRa sensors, which you can use as per your needs. Additionally, we offer hardware designing, prototyping, product assembling, RF debugging, and LoRaWAN embedding services. So, you will get professional-grade LoRa modules for your IoT based solution. Feel free to contact us if you want to inquire about a quote or ask any questions.

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