#inner mongolia

[safije]

A mosque in Honhot, Inner Mongolia, China.

[mapsontheweb]

The Two Mongolias

The native Mongolian peoples have historically lived in the Mongolian People’s Republic and the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region in the People’s Republic of China, which together once comprised Greater Mongolia. While Inner Mongolia is an autonomous subnational division of China, the nation of Mongolia (sometimes known as Outer Mongolia) is a free and open state with a democratic government.

Political and historical reasons led to the split of Mongolia into these two regions. One important contributing aspect is that, in the 19th century, Han Chinese farmers were drawn to the Mongolian region in search of land to cultivate due to population pressure in China’s south. Conflicts with herders resulted from this, and Outer Mongolia gained independence in 1912 and Inner Mongolia gained administrative autonomy in 1932.

Is a reunion between the two Mongolias possible?

Sources:

Beal, Rich. "A tale of two Mongolias." Koryo Group. 14 October 2020.

Salisbury, Harrison E. "The two Mongolias are bitter enemies." The New York Times. 17 October 1977.

by anthro.atlas

[bobemajses]

The Litvin family - Jewish farmers from Hailar, Manchuria, Chinese Inner Mongolia region

The Litvin family was originally from Irkutsk, Siberia. Life for Jews became increasingly harder there during WWI, so the family moved to Inner Mongolia where the existence of the Chinese Eastern Railway made the pastoral area promising. The family patriarch, Simeon Litvin, was a very skilled farmer. He could accurately determine the age of a horse by its teeth and learned to speak the Mongolian and Tungus languages when communicating with Buryat and Tungus people. So when the family settled in the small town of Hailar on the CER, Simeon quickly made himself at home and gained friends among his suppliers, while still observing Jewish holidays, not working on Saturdays and regularly visiting the Hailar synagogue.

The situation changed dramatically when the Japanese occupied Manchuria in the early 1930s and established the puppet state of Manchukuo, after the Soviet Union sold its part of the railroad to the them. Japanese troops and police became increasingly aggressive, attacking, insulting, and even raping private citizens. They ruthlessly beheaded captives without trials and put their heads on public display. Chaim Litvin, the son of Simeon, had to endure brutal torture and years of imprisonment in a labor camp. After the prison was liberated, Chaim hurried home to Harbin, covering 700 kilometers in only three days. There, he began to breed cattle, got married and built a large farm together with his wife. Chaim worked until in 1959, in the People’s Republic of China, everything was confiscated. With the threat of being arrested by the Communist regime, he went with his family to Israel in 1962.

[fuckyeahchinesegarden]

autumn in ulan butong grassland乌兰布统 by 影像视觉杨

[federer7]

Horse training for the militia. Inner Mongolia, China, 1979

Photo: Eve Arnold

[asian-folk-wardrobe]

[agooddaytoscream]

LONG POST: About the situation in Inner Mongolia, Tuva, Kalmykia and Buryatia:

See this red piece of land here?

It’s almost as big as the actual country of Mongolia right?

…Wanna know why?

IT’S STOLEN LAND.

I am a Mongolian person from Outer Mongolia, it pains me to see my fellow siblings being subjected to a cultural genocide right now in China.

ALMOST NOBODY is talking about this.

Go ahead and search “Inner Mongolia” on any social media platform, see anything loosely related to it being stolen, or the eradication of the Mongolian language and culture in schools by the CCP?

Not much or close to none, right?

Unlike Tibet and Uyghurs, the other two biggest ethnic minorities in China, which have a number of campaigns/gofundmes/articles about the situation, there’s only a few articles about Inner Mongolia.

Do you want to know why you don’t hear about Inner Mongolia? Censorship and oppression.

Remember Tibet? And how China oppresses Tibetan Buddhism as a result, resulting in His Holiness, the Dalai Lama to leave his people’s homeland and reside in India? The biggest religion practiced in Mongolia and Inner Mongolia is Tibetan Buddhism.

I currently cannot find ANY campaigns aiming for a free Inner Mongolia, much less any recognizing what’s going on.

The Mongolic people have been the victims of genocide multiple times.

I’ve heard numerous negative opinions from foreigners online and in real life about the Mongol Empire and how “Mongolians deserve to be oppressed, China is doing them a favor, Traditional Mongolian script is used in Inner Mongolia and has a higher GDP, Outer Mongolia only uses Cyrillic.”

( Mongolia was colonized by the Soviet Union, and subjected to communism, do you know what it feels like for your own family members, brainwashed by communist propaganda during childhood, even now swearing up and down that Russians are superior and everything they do is correct. And when asked whether the innocent Mongolian Buddhist monks deserved to die at the hands of Russians, they said it was deserved?! This is how insane propaganda can get, nobody is immune)

Do you realize how fucked up that is?? To hear so many say your people deserve this??

“Mongolian is our mother language! We are Mongolian until death!” shouted ethnic-Mongolian students in China’s Inner Mongolia, in opposition to a government policy, ending bilingual education. Critics of this policy see it as the latest move in a decades’ long campaign aimed at erasing the Mongolian culture.

- PLEASE READ THESE ARTICLES, they’re not the most recent, but they tell the truth.

Why critics are asking if Inner Mongolia is the next Tibet or Xinjiang This is from 2023.

Inner Mongolia in 'War-Like State' This article is from 2011, however the events that were reported are still happening.

Mongolians in China Face 'Cultural Genocide' as Language, Culture Swept Aside: Group

This article is from 2021. It’s recent enough.

This goes without saying, but xenophobia is also extremely prevalent in China against ethnic minorities.

I highly recommend reading this specific tumblr post. I am also apart of many fandoms surrounding chinese media. OP makes many valid points and I cannot support them enough.

From personal experiences, I have also read about my people and Central Asians being portrayed as brutal, savage, uncivilized barbarians in many Chinese-American novels. It’s heartbreaking.

I despise how the world turns a blind eye to my brothers and sisters suffering, just because the severity of what my people endured is less than other groups, doesn’t mean that we should only focus on helping one minority, support all groups under oppression and colonialism no matter the severity of their situations.

I just found this Youtube video detailing the situation in Inner Mongolia, it’s beautifully done. PLEASE PLEASE WATCH THE FULL VIDEO, Beginning to End.

Why China Doesn’t Want You To Know About This Place.

Not to mention, the countries of Tuva, Buryatia, and Kalmykia are stolen by Russia just like Inner Mongolia. Throughout its history, Russia has seized foreign lands, colonizing indigenous peoples and destroying their national identity.

Note: I am not talking about the Sakha (Yakutia) because I am personally not apart of their community and will not talk over Yakut voices regarding Yakutia such as: https://www.instagram.com/verona.petrova?igsh=MXkyMHY3NDVoZjZxMg==

https://www.instagram.com/reel/C2iRvYqvu1M/?igsh=MTFucHg5aDdjaDFocA==

View this post on Instagram

A post shared by VERONIKA PETROVA (@verona.petrova)

The Tuvans are a Turkic group with their own language however, they share many cultural aspects with Mongolians. Tuva is the most poverty stricken place in Russia with the lowest standards of living.

The Buryats are an ethnic minority of Siberia whose population of around half a million largely follow a blend of Buddhism and Shamanism.

They are closely related to the Mongols, and the two groups share similar histories, cultures, religious beliefs, and lifestyles.

The Buryat language is considered one of the world’s most endangered languages.

Soldiers from Tuva and Buryatia have the highest casualty rates per 100,000 for Russia in the Ukraine war.

“These are some of Russia’s poorest regions: places where many young men see the army as their only chance to earn a decent living. And it’s these places that are now paying a disproportionately high price as Russian war casualties continue to rise.”

Please see: Free Buryatia Foundation, Buryat Liberation Movement, Mass Deportation and Ethnic cleansing of Kalmykia, The Kalmyk Deportations of 1943. Ukraine war: Tuva and Buryatia pay the highest price, but latest BBC Russian casualty figures show poverty not ethnicity the key factor.

Free Palestine, Congo, Sudan, Kurdistan, Armenia, Haiti, Yemen, Tigray, Syria, Afghanistan, Myanmar, Arakan, Tamil, Eelam, Western Sahara, West Papua, Kashmir, Canary Islands, & everyone undergoing genocide / colonialism.

Spread awareness about the femicides in Kazakhstan:

The Rise of Non-Consensual Bride Kidnapping in Kazakhstan: Developing a Culturally-Informed and Gender-Sensitive Response

Kazakh Activists Urge Authorities To Toughen Punishment For Domestic Violence

Can An Ex-Minister's Arrest In His Wife's Brutal Killing Finally Bring Protections To Kazakh Women?

EurasiaChat: Gender-based violence rears its ugly head again

YOU DON'T NEED TO GO OUT AND PROTEST, SIMPLY REBLOGING, LIKING, SPREADING AWARENESS, AND REPLYING HELPS AS WELL!!!

[sitting-on-me-bum]

Florian Delalée Explored The Beauty Of Earth And Captured The Most Beautiful Landscapes Of China

Badain Jaran, Inner Mongolia 

[beehunni62]

Mongolian Women Series by Artist Su Ruya.

Mongolian Noble Women. Su Ruya. Painting, 2017 [image source].

Mongolian Woman No. 9, Mongolia Imagery Series. Su Ruya. Painting, 2002 [image source].

Mongolian Women No. 2, Mongolia Imagery Series. Su Ruya. Painting [image source].

Mongolian Women No. 1, Mongolia Imagery Series. Su Ruya. Painting, 1998. [image source].

Mongolian Woman No. 10, Mongolia Imagery Series. Su Ruya. Painting, 2002 [image source].

Golden Age. Su Ruya. Painting, 2014 [image source].

Mongolian Woman No. 15, Mongolia Imagery Series. Su Ruya. Painting, 2015 [image source].

Mongolian Woman No. 5, Mongolia Imagery Series. Su Ruya. Painting, 2000 [image source].

[extinctworld-ua]

Megaconus

Megaconus — вимерлий рід алотерієвих ссавців з середньоюрської формації Тяоцзишань у Внутрішній Монголії, Китай. Типовий і єдиний вид, Megaconus mammaliaformis, був вперше описаний в журналі Nature в 2013 році. Вважається, що Megaconus був наземною травоїдною твариною. Ймовірно він мав поставу, схожу на сучасних броненосців і гірських даманів (Procavia capensis).

Повний текст на сайті "Вимерлий світ":

https://extinctworld.in.ua/megaconus/

[panicinthestudio]

China offers bounty for Hong Kong activists abroad, Focus on Europe, November 12, 2023

Finn Lau, who lives in exile in London, has criticized China for its politics concerning Hong Kong. Beijing is offering a high reward for his capture. Deutsche Welle

[mapsontheweb]

Ethnic mongols in the Autonomous region of Inner Mongolia.

by cactusmapping

[bleistiftung]

[skiddo-xy]

Inner Mongolia AKA South Mongolia: Mongolia in China

Where is Inner Mongolia?

Inner Mongolia is a province at the north of China. It surrounds the country of Mongolia from the south to the east. A map is below:

What is the ethno-linguistic makeup of Inner Mongolia?

According to the 2010 census, 79.5% of the population are Han Chinese (the main ethnic group throughout all of China) while 17.11% of the population are ethnic Mongols. Other groups, including the Buryats and the Oryats also have a presence. These groups are considered to be Mongolian as they speak Mongolian despite the fact that they are not Mongolian.

Because of this, Mongolian and Chinese are the two official languages of the province. Street signs and other texts in the region must be written in Mongolian using the traditional Mongol alphabet and in simplified Chinese. Many dialects of Mongolian are spoken in Inner Mongolia. Dialects of Chinese spoken in Inner Mongolia include Northeastern Mandarin and Zhangjiakou-Hohhot dialect.

What is the capital of Inner Mongolia?

The capital of Inner Mongolia is called "Hohhot". (Simplified Chinese: 呼和浩特, Mongolian: ᠬᠥᠬᠡᠬᠣᠲᠠ). Hohhot hosts a variety of ethnicities and cultures - Islamic and Buddhist architectural influences can be seen all around the city.

What is the flag of Inner Mongolia?

Inner Mongolia, officially merely being a province of China, has no official flag. The flag of the "Inner Mongolian People's Party" (often abbreivated to "IMPP") is used as the equivalent. The flag is called "Holy Blue Sky", which is pictured below:

The blue represents the "Eternal Blue Heaven" in which Mongolians believe in, the red fire represents fire, the yellow circle represents the sun and the white crescent represents the moon.

Inner Mongolian separatist movement

Movements to separate Inner Mongolia from China or to unite Inner Mongolia with Mongolia have been made and supported by three main organizations: the aforementioned Inner Mongolian People's Party, the Southern Mongolian Democratic Alliance, and the Mongolian Liberal Union Party. The movement is active. From late August 2020 to early September of the same year, there were protests that were held to protest against the replacing of Mongolian as the main language of instructions in school with Standard Mandarin.

Thank you for reading! This really interested me and I'm proud of myself for putting this together.

Sources: Inner Mongolia wikipedia page, Hohhot wikipedia page, Mongolian wikipedia page, Inner Mongolian independence movement, 2020 Inner Mongolian protests wikipedia page, Inner Mongolian flag, Inner Mongolia map.

[nicolae]

Rare Earth Elements in China

Dobrescu, Emilian M. (2023), Rare Earth Elements in China, Intelligence Info, 3:1, xxx,   Abstract After the volume of deposits, the main concentrates of minerals containing rare earth elements are found in China. Rare earth elements industry began to be developed in China in 1950. The Chinese production gradually started in 1985. Exporting at very low prices, the Chinese eliminate any Western…

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