#microevolution

[theriu]

Just reading Genesis and now I’m thinking about how even some Christians argue that Earth can’t literally be 6,000–7,000 years because of all the varieties of animal subspecies, like microevolution doesn’t WORK that fast, it MUST be a metaphor that Creation only took seven days!

But if you’re going by the Bible, it also says people used to live over 900 years? Which def isn’t how we humans work anymore? And all humans and animals today descended from those on the Ark, yet we don’t hear of inter-family marriage being forbidden for a few generations at least, possibly suggesting intensely rich genes pools that hadn’t yet been thinned out enough for closely-related unions to cause genetic deformities?

I’m just saying, we might be assuming a lot to think biology today is anywhere NEAR identical to what may have been goin’ on in the early days.

[cytgen]

Abstract A negative answer to the question about the reducibility of genetic processes at the level of macroevolutionary events to microevolutionary ones has been obtained by analyzing the evolutionary transition-transversion bias and estimating the rates of molecular transformations in a number of vertebrates by the example of the CYTB gene. As a result, it has been established that, at a divergence at a level below families, the frequency of transitions sustains “a jump,” due to which the rate of molecular evolutions increases by an order of magnitude, whereas there occurs a slight predominance of transversion frequencies with a synchronous linear increase in the frequency of different nucleotide substitutions at the levels of orders and higher. An obvious reason for distinctions between the genetic processes of micro- and macroevolution is the leading role of spontaneous mutations in the formation of species. Their canalization results in stable morphological distinctions formed during postnatal ontogenesis. At the same time, the stages of macroevolution are associated with the transformation of organogenesis to be fixed with by changes in the sets of genes governing the nature of gene regulation and the interaction of genes in development.

[billloguidice]

Microevolution can be used to predict longer term evolution, new study shows

Microevolution can be used to predict longer term evolution, new study shows #evolution #microevolution #macroevolution #study #climate #evolvability #change #selection #science

A new paper published in Science, Evolvability predicts macroevolution under fluctuating selection, shows that evolvability, which is the ability of populations to evolve and adapt over just a few generations, can help us understand how evolution works on deeper time scales. While our relatively stable past environment has limited selective pressures, current climate change has caused more rapid…

[tj-crochets]

Hey y'all! My brother (not the one I live with) and I have birthdays fairly close together, and he'd like to get together and do some kind of joint celebration, but I have no idea what to do. He's an anti-vaxxer but is willing to wear a mask around me, but his kids won't so effectively whatever we do has to be outside Do you have suggestions of things we could do that are A. outside B. suitable for small children (youngest is old enough to run around and talk but not really reading yet) and C. no flashing lights?

[liskantope]

I find articles like this one (from NYT in 1962) completely fascinating, not mainly for the racial commentary (which certainly could be used as a prompt for an interesting and contentious discussion), but because it precisely tickles my longstanding interest in decade-by-decade, region-by-region trends in the English language. Some of the slang mentioned in the article wound up living on for decades; other expressions (e.g. "illsville" for having a headache) I don't think I've ever heard in my life, but I suppose I would have been familiar with them had I been around 60-65 years ago.

(Not sure everyone not subscribed to NYT would have access to the link I gave above; I saved this as a pdf but apparently can't attach pdfs to Tumblr posts without turning them into Cloud links first, which I don't want to do if something from my actual Google ID would show on the link. Could send it to someone by request in a private message though.)

[rodrigodesouzasilva]

🌒 Lap by Lap

1. Keeping the rhythm isn’t repeating — it’s noticing what has shifted tone, even when the melody sounds the same.

2. Sometimes progress wears the face of routine. The real leap is choosing to stay.

3. The cycle doesn’t trap you. It prepares you — until the turning becomes direction.

🌒

[lifesteal-headcanons]

All these headcannons debating whether or not a lifestealer is human or hybrid or demon…. I say that it all varies depending on which season and which time. Sure, they start out with their normal forms. But as lifestealers come into contact with all sorts of violence, void deaths, hacking, etc, their code is warped and corrupted by those influences. And thus, their code adapts to save them or help them, sometimes at the cost of humanoid traits. Think microevolution.

Lifestealers are a unique set of players, and can’t be categorized as either human or not-human. They are the product of their origins and experiences and general mindset, ever evolving as their surroundings and allegiances waver. Some lifestealers can even have different code effects for the same event.

Example: Vitalasy used to resemble a human with fox hybrid traits, but as he became more and more involved with the Wormhole and becoming a tyrant, he started to change. His eyes became more and more fox-like, and his hood starting covering more and more of his face, giving him a more sinister, unapproachable appearance. It sure helped intimidate his enemies and maintain his facade. Example: In season five when players were possessing one another to win wars, personalities would literally clash. Possessions would often be accompanied by glitch particles, and patches of the original player’s skin peeking through. Sometimes, the possessed body would have a mind of its own too, using the possessed user’s speech patterns, habits, and tics. All in an effort for the player fighting against the possession to regain control of their body.

Example: In season four, to survive the barrage of hacking, Parrot’s code dulled his ability to sense banned objects to save his admin-coded self from insanity. Whereas the 3HT actually became more sensitive to it, to become aware of imminent attacks early on and give them more time to prepare.

— 🌀 anon

.

[script-a-world]

Submitted via Google Form:

I can't seem to find much resources on microevolution of body hair especially when it comes to cultures/lineages who tend to do more swimming/diving activities like those raised on islands/coasts. And when I do find information on body hair microevolution it has never mentioned anything about swimming, just temperature and all sorts of other stuff instead. Anything searched when I include swimming is just beauty/athletes/body hair removal stuff…

Tex: Body hair is… not so much a microevolution as it is genes being turned on or off, and this is environmentally dependent. For swimming, in particular, hair’s hydrophobic properties mean very little in contrast to things like subcutaneous fat for its insulating properties for various internal organs.

Additionally, the ability to swim is a learned skill, which means it is something that can be practiced regardless of one’s original place or culture of birth. The practice of hair removal is common for competitive swimmers who are judged based on their skill at being fast swimmers (rather than endurance swimmers), where their skill is measured in milliseconds and any reasonable advantage they can take is going to be taken into account.

[panda-studiesmed]

16 Days Till Med School Entries

Today I was at the library with a really good friend of mine 🤗 we laughed too hard!

It's always so nice to have friends around especially while studying! It makes it easier since the struggle is shared lmao by this being said...*cough* @claykitty-studyblog *cough* still waiting for u to come with me 😏

I did:

Microevolution ✅️

Macroevolution ✅️

Crossingover ✅️

Thanks to @study-diaries for the tag!!

Last song I listened to: according to my Spotify it was Imam Chovek by Itzo Hazarta (not expecting anyone to know it lmao)

Currently watching: Magnificent century 👌 👑 it's a turkish historical series and it's SOOO good!! Just binged 3 episodes lmao

Sweet / Savoury / Spicy?: sweet for sure!! 🍰

Relashionship status: happily taken for 2 years now 🌎💕

Current obsession: bruh, I don't think I have one atm

I tag: @claykitty-studyblog @glassingshards @rain-is-studying @zzzzzestforlife @medstudsposts @anna--studies @thequeerlibrarian-studyblr

[mallowmaenad]

trans women who aren't really enthusiastically out until their late 20s eventually creates a wondrous phenomenon of "milf with the whimsy and enthusiasm of a teenage schoolgirl" which i think is an important microevolution in our ecosystem with the one drawback of despite many flocking towards these beauts to call them mommy they are in dire need for someone else to be the mommy for them so media literacy and acting skills are both important things to cultivate which is best done doing erp with strangers on the internet rather than the traditional school of "band class" which does not produce the desired chemical reactions as instead it creates a person who thinks standing around like waluigi is considered a joke on its own

[texasdreamer01]

Atlantis Expedition: Science Division Departments - Life Sciences Department

We're a bit further from the original post, having already done the medical department, so now it's time for the Life Sciences.

Much like the medical department, the notes for this underwent significant revision (nearly entirely re-done), to better granulate expectations for the department's duties and how they interact, primarily, with the medical department. Below is the original estimation, with struck text indicating revisions:

> Head: OC > Contains: Earth biologists, bio- & biochemical engineers, astro/xeno-biologists, botany, environmental chemistry, zoology, microbiology > Function: Auxiliary to Medical Department needs > Examples of function: pharmaceutical synthesis, analysis of unknown species, biological database creation, gene therapies (pharmaceutical adjacent) > Personnel quantity: 1 (Head) + 2 (Earth biologists) + 2 (bioE & biochemE) + 1 2 (astro/xenobio) + 1 (botany) + 1 (envchem) + 1 (zoo) + 2 1 (microbio) = 11 > Personnel quantity: 1 (Head) + 1 (physiologist) + 1 (geneticist) + 1 (astrobiologist) + 1 (xenobiologist) + 1 (microbiologist) + 1 (botanist) + 1 (zoologist) + 1 (biomedical engineer) + 1 (biochemical engineer) + 3 (medical laboratory scientists) = 13 > A/N: Both biologists also have training/specialization in genetics/gene mapping (assists both Carson and Katie), some input in requesting gate missions based on in-house needs > A/N: Focus is on medical logistics and supporting Medical Department needs, research parameters fulfill SGC outlines of studying microevolutions and drug technology development.

Following on the parameters of 1) putting people through the inter-galactic theoretical shredder is expensive, and 2) said gate shredder will only be open for a certain amount of time, the vast majority of this department's work will be geared toward the analysis, creation, testing, and preparation of pharmaceutical drugs and other inventions of medical context.

Think compounding pharmacy but better equipped, and capable of researching new things - this department specializes in medical logistics. Wikipedia has a better description of this, so I'll pull a quote:

Medical logistics is the logistics of pharmaceuticals, medical and surgical supplies, medical devices and equipment, and other products needed to support doctors, nurses, and other health and dental care providers.[1] Because its final customers are responsible for the lives and health of their patients, medical logistics is unique in that it seeks to optimize effectiveness rather than efficiency.

As with most things contrived by the SGC, there's going to be a lot of blended specialties and overlap, heavily bolstered by technological innovation. These are people Carson Beckett likely hired, or at least had a heavily-weighted opinion when Rodney was going through the application packets, because the Life Sciences is at a one-step remove from actually handling patients, and handles a significant amount of labwork and research.

The revised numbers weigh heavily in favour of biologists, due to the sheer breadth and depth of the subject, and the fact that most of these are likely to have some sort of SGC training that would make them well-versed on what to expect on the expedition in terms of disease research and thus treatment solutions.

Unlike the medical department, which handles patients directly in different aspects, this is all one "team". If you're looking for a group of scientists that can technically have the same generic appellation that would make one of them go, "Well, actually-", this is the place to look.

On to the breakdown, notes included:

> Earth biologists  » 2x of these  » Specialties?   ⇛ Human physiology (academic rather than medical context)   ⇛ May function as a knowledge base to study how the physiology of the expedition changes by long-term habitation in Atlantis, assists in studying long-term effects of the ATA gene therapy, development of knowledge base as Earth-based physiology changes in reaction to Pegasus galaxy habituation (exposure to local diseases, eating of local foods, etc)   ⇛ Geneticist   ⇛ Same as the human physiologist, but in a genetic context   ⇛ Studies genetic drift of the expedition and builds knowledge base for comparisons of baseline to genetic mutations that build up over time > Astro/xenobiology  » 2x of these   ⇛ 1 of each  » SGC special  » Studies the species and speciation of non-human humanoid species   ⇛ Imports from studying the Jaffa, Goa'uld, and Replicators (xenobiologist in particular)   ⇛ Overlap with parasitology and immunology/histocompatibility (Goa'uld and Jaffa, respectively) > Microbiology  » "Most microbiologists specialize in a given topic within microbiology such as bacteriology, parasitology, virology, or immunology."  » Studies the species and speciation of bacteria, algae, fungi, and some types of parasites and their vectors > Botany  » Study of species and speciation of plant species  » Outline of botany > Zoology  » Study of species and speciation of non-human animal species  » Outline of zoology > Biomedical engineer  » REVAMP from bio-engineering  » Actually makes the pharmaceuticals based on the feedstocks and processes biochem engineers designed for them   ⇛ Works with biochem engineers to feedback on the design process of drug manufacturing   ⇛ Biologics as well as inert (in comparison) materials for drug development   ⇛ Pharmacology    ⟹ Most likely all drugs are powdered for shelf-stability and ease of transportation     ⭆ So their responsibility in this would be referencing the SGC formulary (how many books to a Frasier) on reconstituting these drugs      ➾ Compounding     ⭆ What about topical prescriptions? Gel-based? Powder for gels, as well      ➾ More complex formulation     ⭆ What about gases, for sedation?      ➾ Probably compressed canisters? > Biochemical engineer  » Would not have existed in the early 2000s as a field related to process engineering, so an SGC special  » Also useful for researching food preservation methods  » Synthesizes information from peers in this department to create pharmaceutical drugs and their manufacturing process > Medical Laboratory scientist  » Does the legwork of processing samples for everyone, so needs a wide range of skills   ⇛ 3x of these   ⇛ Specialties    ⟹ Immunology/histopathology/hematology     ⭆ Human tissues    ⟹ Microbiology/bacteriology     ⭆ Bacterial forms of infection    ⟹ Virology/mycology/parasitology     ⭆ Non-bacterial forms of infection      ➾ Routes of non-bacterial infection > Environmental chemistry  » Role covered under biochem engineering  » Biochem engineers can cover the study of pollution that envirochems specialize in

Environmental chemistry section preserved to properly annotate the revisions, and what their original role was supposed to be (i.e. study pollution to solve Earth's pollution issues).

It occurred to me, while revising personnel lists, that the biologists in particular will need to divide their research into some broad categories, if they want to properly develop their research topics and what category of formulations they would require from the non-biologists in the department.

We have human species, yes, but that can be parsed from Milky Way to Pegasus galaxies, and from there Earth-based humans vs Jaffa (vs Goa'uld), and Pegasus-based humans (presumably humans, as they probably wouldn't know for sure that the Ancients were the default sentient or even default humanoid species in the Pegasus galaxy).

The human microbiome is incredibly important to understanding homeostasis, disease pathology, and various other interconnected factors. Because of this, the medical laboratory scientists will be heavily relied upon to develop cultures for study. I'm willing to believe that they have some nifty adapted technology to help them study all of these subjects I've shoved under multiple umbrellas, in the form of culturing processes, reagents, microscopes, analyzing software, preserving agents/methods, and the like.

After that, testing to see how these diseases - or potential diseases, if someone in the Pegasus galaxy hosts a bacteria, virus, fungus, or parasite that their immune system is natively robust to - might infect a member of the expedition. This is where a lot of back-and-forth would be done between the Life Sciences and Medical departments, so it wouldn't be uncommon to see people like, say, Biro (pathology) and Katie Brown (botany) jointly doing research on a pathogen.

There's already a lot of canonical evidence to support this specialist overlap being a necessary concern, from the the Hoffan drug (and the subsequent Michael arc), John Sheppard's infection from an Iratus bug bite in Conversion, Asurans, Lucius' drug, the crystals of M3X-387, Kirsan fever, Jennifer Keller's infection from something that was turning her into a Wraith hiveship in The Seed, and the Second Childhood parasite.

Depending on the type of infection, a lot of the personnel in this department will coordinate with each other to develop a knowledge base, including potential therapeutic remedies. If something already in stock cannot be used (see: a potential cross-applicability of penicillin), then they might make a request to the head of the expedition for a gate team to travel based upon any information they might have (ex: Teyla and Ronon going out for samples of the Enchuri plant for treating Kirsan fever).

Because of their support role as a department, the fact that all the scientists here can be used as in-house reference for the medical department, and their unique position to recommend gate missions for consideration on the roster, this department functions well as a bridging gap for the various demands the expedition has placed on them by the IOA and the SGC.

Total Life Sciences Department Personnel

Head of Department: 1

Biologists: 5

Engineers: 2

Laboratory Scientists: 3

Botany: 1

Zoology: 1

Total total: 13

I'll be going over canonical personnel such as Katie Brown in their own posts, but for now this is a general accounting of the expedition’s life sciences department.

[swiftpooldoesstuff]

Can we get some lore about Time Keeper

Lore about Time Keeper

Time looks over the Sacred Timeline, obviously. Everything that happens has to be approved by them. Big hurricane sweeping through a coastal town in the Victorian era? Sure, won’t be too disastrous and we need a bit of spice around here anyway. Microevolution of a species? Yeah we can work that in.

Their realm is a vast desert surrounded by an ocean of white water. An array of hourglasses and clocks litter the landscape, acting as the foundation of the timeline.

Since the beginning, Time’s power has been unstable and finicky. They’re constantly patching holes and stabilizing the timeline, hourglasses, and clocks because they will randomly break.

OFnR (Placeholder name for my story surrounding Swift) starts with the Sacred Timeline becoming unstable and starting to unravel. I’m a panic, Time had to freeze a section of the timeline, which caused a chain reaction and for the hourglasses (holding up the older half of the timeline) to start to crack.

Time immediately called Space and asked them to keep an eye on the timeline while they went into the timeline to get a patron and try to fix it from the inside.

So yeah that’s what Time is up to

You could say they’re

Having a time

*ba dun ching*

They need a redesign but here’s their TH

[mybeautifulchristianjourney]

Scriptures Proving That Theistic Evolution is False

by Jack Wellman | Evolution and creation both cannot be true and theistic evolution is not biblical. Problems with a Theory Evolution and creation both cannot be true and theistic evolution is not biblical. The first problem that arises with evolution is that many believe that microevolution and macroevolution are the same thing and work in similar fashion, but…

Link: https://www.whatchristianswanttoknow.com/scriptures-proving-that-theistic-evolution-is-false/

[liskantope]

I'm continually fascinated by little changes in our language, especially generational ones, so John McWhorter's new column about the trend of adding "-uh" at the ends of utterances to express annoyance was a fun read, especially since this is a trend that I hadn't consciously noticed myself. It's worth noting that he links to this video (content warning: police and forcible arrest) at a particular second (2:52) where the teenage girl says, "How-uh?", yet what he doesn't mention is that in the second scene of the video (starting around 5:45), the girl starts ending every single sentence in "-uh". The comments section is full of the predictable amount of nastiness, and several parent comments complain about her insufferable tendency to end every sentence in "-uh".

[floraviee]

30.10.23 — PM UPDATE

today was semi-productive! had a really good breakfast, but a super late start to my day in general so energy levels were low regardless. i managed to get all of my chemistry revision done I had planned for the day.

but i only got microevolution and speciation done for bio... however i'm not too worried because i still have seven days, so i'll catch up on what i left out today tomorrow!

[literaturereviewhelp]

In evolution, the population has a greater significance because it refers to the change in the characteristics of a population over many generations and not the individual change during their lifetimes (Fogiel 908). As stated earlier, an individual cannot evolve but a population can as allelic frequencies (genetic make up and the expression of the developmental potential) of a given population can change over time. This is called microevolution which accounts for the diversity of life on earth. But when do we become aware of evolution and how do we began to understand its concept? The molecular basis of evolution started with the discovery of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) molecules in 1953. Through biological reproduction, each living organisms inherit a combination of genes from biological parents and creates a unique new individual (Haviland, Prins, Walrath, and McBride 27). Aside from this biological reproduction, creation theories from different religions around the world also explains the diversity of life. . Mutation is the random alteration of genetic material that produces new variation (Haviland, Prins, Walrath, and McBride 40). With random mutations or variation, population can change over time in accordance with the changes that occurred in the environment because the creation of a new allele may create a modified protein for a new biological task. In humans, for instance, the only possible evolutionary mutations occurred in sex cells when mistakes occur during copying and cell division. Thus, this is in contrary with the layman’s conception of mutation and evolution as mutations and evolutions arise continuously in all species. Mutations have positive and negative effects but most of it are neutral in nature. Some of the negative effects are the results of the presence of mutant genes, a gene abnormality that leads to certain hereditary disorders like muscular dystrophy, hemophilia, Parkinson’s disease, etc. While cellular mutations directly involve genetic factors, environmental factors may also play a vital role in the occurrence of mutation. Antibiotics, dyes, chemicals used in the preservation of food, and radiation are just a few examples. Research also suggests that the amount of stress a human can endure increases the mutation traits needed for adaptation (Haviland, Prins, Walrath, and McBride 40). Meanwhile, genetic drift refers to the evolutionary force of chance fluctuations of allele frequencies in the gene pool of a population (Haviland, Prins, Walrath, and McBride 41). In short, this refers to the changes at the population level because of “chance events” such as disasters that can kill a greater number of population. A perfect example of genetic drift is the founder effects – a case that Read the full article