#real time clock microcontroller

[edrdo2ank]

https://www.futureelectronics.com/p/semiconductors--real-time-clocks/stwd100nywy3f-stmicroelectronics-2002188

Real time clock power loss, automotive timing device, Real-time computing

STWD100 Series 5.5 V 13 uA Surface Mount Watchdog Timer Circuit - SOT-23-5

[speculatrix]

Zolatron: RTC, SRAM and SD board

After my fun with real-time clock chips (here and here) I figured it was time to add one to the Zolatron 64. But there was a catch. The previous experiments had involved microcontrollers with built-in SPI capabilities. That was something the Zolatron sadly lacked. Luckily, someone else has already come up with a solution. The 65SPI project by Daryl Rictor is a very easy way to add an SPI…

[electronic-component]

Arduino Due vs. Mega: A Comprehensive Comparison

What is Arduino Due and Mega?

The Arduino platform has revolutionized the world of DIY electronics, providing hobbyists and professionals alike with versatile and powerful microcontroller boards. Among the myriad of options, the Arduino Due and Arduino Mega stand out for their advanced features and robust performance. The Arduino Due, introduced in 2012, is the first Arduino board based on a 32-bit ARM core microcontroller, the Atmel SAM3X8E. In contrast, the Arduino Mega, built around the 8-bit ATmega2560 microcontroller, is known for its abundant I/O pins and memory. Understanding the differences between these two boards can help in selecting the right one for specific projects, enhancing both functionality and efficiency.

Processing Power and Performance

The processing capabilities of the Arduino Due and Mega are distinctly different, primarily due to their core microcontrollers. The Arduino Due, with its 32-bit ARM Cortex-M3 processor running at 84 MHz, offers significantly higher processing power compared to the Arduino Mega's 8-bit ATmega2560, which operates at 16 MHz. This difference in architecture and clock speed means that the Due can handle more complex calculations and tasks faster and more efficiently than the Mega. For projects requiring high computational power, such as real-time data processing or handling multiple sensors simultaneously, the Due is the superior choice. However, for simpler tasks, the Mega's processing power may suffice.

Memory and Storage Capabilities

Memory is another critical aspect where the Arduino Due and Mega diverge. The Arduino Due is equipped with 512 KB of flash memory for code storage and 96 KB of SRAM for data. On the other hand, the Arduino Mega has 256 KB of flash memory and 8 KB of SRAM. Additionally, the Due features a Direct Memory Access (DMA) controller, which allows for efficient memory operations, freeing up the CPU to handle other tasks. These memory enhancements make the Due more suitable for applications requiring large codebases and significant data handling, such as advanced robotics or sophisticated control systems. The Mega, with its more modest memory, is ideal for less demanding applications.

Input/Output Capabilities and Expansion

Both the Arduino Due and Mega are renowned for their extensive input/output (I/O) capabilities, yet they cater to different needs. The Mega boasts a whopping 54 digital I/O pins, 16 analog inputs, and 4 UARTs, making it ideal for projects that require multiple sensors, actuators, or communication interfaces. The Due, while offering fewer digital I/O pins at 54, includes 12 analog inputs and 4 UARTs, along with additional features like two DAC outputs for analog signal generation and enhanced PWM capabilities. These features provide the Due with superior analog output capabilities, making it suitable for applications like audio processing or advanced signal generation.

Power Consumption and Compatibility

Power consumption and compatibility are practical considerations when choosing between the Arduino Due and Mega. The Due operates at 3.3V logic levels, which makes it more power-efficient than the Mega, which uses 5V logic levels. This lower voltage operation is beneficial for battery-powered projects where energy efficiency is crucial. However, the 3.3V logic also means that the Due is not directly compatible with 5V components without level shifters. The Mega, with its 5V logic, offers broader compatibility with existing Arduino shields and components, making it a versatile choice for a wide range of projects. Understanding these power and compatibility nuances can help in making an informed decision based on the project's specific requirements.

[quartz-components]

The DS3231 RTC module is a low-cost real-time clock that is commonly used with microcontrollers to keep track of real-world Date and Time. The module consists of two important ICs namely DS3231 and AT24C32 IC with a crystal oscillator, and a temperature sensor. The Time, Date and Temperature value from the module can be sent to a microcontroller like Arduino via I2C communication.

[srikanthymts]

Embedded System Projects for Students

Embedded system projects are everywhere and have become an invisible part of our daily lives. From the time we wake up to the time we go to bed, we interact with embedded systems. Imagine your smartphone, microwave, or alarm clock this is all embedded systems that make your life so much easier and without it we wouldn't have the kind of comfortable life that we all know.

Why Should Students Work on Embedded System Projects?

For students who want to apply their knowledge and experiences to real-life situations, embedded systems will suit your needs, and interest. They allow you to make the transition from theoretical knowledge to hands-on experiences-what more could you ask for? Regardless of whether you are studying electronics, computer science, or engineering, the process of implementing embedded systems exposes you to the behind-the-scene current industry needs.

Advantages of Embedded System Projects:

1. Development in Practical Skills: Students learn essential skills such as programming (C, Python), printed circuit board (PCB) design, and programming microcontrollers.

2. Project towards Application: Students embark on projects that can be used directly for out-of-school use, which makes them more industry-ready.

3. Problem-Solving Enhancement: Development of embedded system projects inspires creative solutions to problems as this is a helpful key aspect of developing technologies today.

Conclusion:

For students who want to enter the technology industry, and looking to make a difference, embedded system projects are a great opportunity to learn and accumulate expertise. Embedded system projects foster not only technical skills but also insight into the systems that keep modern life ticking along.

[cmxelcs]

Introduction of PIC16F720T-I/SS Microcontroller - PIC 16F - 8-Bit - 16MHz - 17 I/O - 3.5KB (2K x 14) FLASH - 128 x 8 RAM - 1.8 to 5.5V - 20-SSOP - T&R PIC16F720T a powerful 8-bit microcontroller engineered to meet a broad spectrum of application needs. With its advanced features and robust performance capabilities, this device is perfect for both novice and experienced developers. Whether you're working on embedded systems, consumer electronics, or industrial controls, this parts number delivers the flexibility and functionality required to bring your projects to life. MOQ of Embedded System IC Usually MOQ is 100pcs.More quantity more discount. PIC16F720T-I/SS is designed for efficiency and speed. It operates at a maximum clock speed of 20 MHz, ensuring rapid processing and quick response times. With 2 KB of flash program memory and 128 bytes of RAM, this microcontroller provides ample space for your programming needs. Its advanced architecture allows seamless execution of tasks, making it ideal for real-time applications. Application of PIC16F720 Embedded System IC The PIC16F720T-I/SS comes equipped with various connectivity options, including multiple I/O ports, PWM, and ADC capabilities. This comprehensive array of features allows developers to easily integrate sensors, actuators, and other devices, paving the way for innovative product designs. Whether you are creating simple circuits or complex systems, it supports your creativity with its versatile interfacing options. Note:We not only provide this parts number,but also available for similiar,like:PIC16F720T-I/SS and PIC16F720T-I/ML.Inquire us to talk if you are interested. More other type electronic components here and view here to know more about our company business. Read the full article

[t2mip]

12-bit 5MSps SAR ADC IP Core by T2M

T2MIP, high-performance 12-bit successive approximation register (SAR) ADC designed for precision, speed, and ultra-low power operation. This new IP core achieves conversion rates up to 5 mega samples per second (MS/s), making it ideally suited for next-generation applications that require high-speed data acquisition with minimal power consumption.

This cutting-edge 12-bit SAR ADC IP core is specifically engineered to meet the demanding requirements of modern SoC (System on Chip) and ASIC (Application-Specific Integrated Circuit) designs. It offers a unique balance of high-resolution data conversion, excellent dynamic performance, low power consumption, and flexible configuration options. These attributes make it a perfect fit for a variety of industries including industrial automation, precision measurement systems, wireless communications, and advanced microcontroller-based applications.

The need for energy-efficient, high-precision analog interfaces continues to grow across a wide range of industries. From portable industrial devices and battery-powered sensors to high-speed communication systems and automotive control units, designers increasingly require ADCs that not only deliver performance but also minimize energy draw. T2MIP’s new SAR ADC core directly addresses this need by providing exceptional signal quality and flexible operating modes while maintaining ultra-low power consumption.

The 12-bit resolution ensures accurate signal quantization, while the 5MS/s sampling rate makes the core well-suited for fast signal processing tasks. This performance is achieved without compromising power efficiency, a feature critical for embedded systems and IoT devices where power budget is often a limiting factor.

Key Performance Metrics

One of the standout features of T2M’s new SAR ADC IP is its high dynamic performance. The converter delivers a Signal-to-Noise and Distortion Ratio (SINAD) of 70 dB and a Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) of -72 dB, which translates to an Effective Number of Bits (ENOB) of 11.3 bits. This makes it ideal for applications requiring high fidelity and accurate representation of analog signals.

Design flexibility is another cornerstone of this IP core. It supports multiple input modes—both single-ended and differential—and can handle up to four input channels. This allows designers to tailor the ADC’s input architecture to their specific system requirements, whether that involves sensing multiple voltages or improving common-mode noise rejection.

Furthermore, the ADC supports selectable resolution modes—8-bit, 10-bit, and 12-bit—allowing developers to trade off between precision and power consumption as needed. Conversion modes include both single conversion and continuous operation, providing adaptability for event-driven or real-time sampling use cases.

One of the most notable innovations in this SAR ADC IP core is its scalable power consumption architecture. In idle mode, it draws zero static (DC) power, and its dynamic power consumption is directly proportional to the clock frequency. This intelligent power scaling makes it ideal for energy-sensitive applications where processing loads vary over time.

In addition to its baseline low-power operation, the IP core also includes extended power management modes. Designers can select between low-noise and ultra-low power modes depending on the performance priorities of the system. For example, battery-powered sensors can operate in low-power mode to extend life, while instrumentation systems can switch to low-noise mode for increased accuracy.

The ADC operates at ultra-low voltages, with an analog supply range from 3.3V down to 1.8V, and a digital supply of just 1.1V. This wide supply compatibility ensures the core can be easily integrated into modern low-voltage SoC platforms without the need for costly voltage level shifters or regulators.

Key Features:

12-bit Resolution with up to 5MS/s Conversion Rate

High Dynamic Performance: SINAD of 70dB, THD of 72dB, and ENOB of 11.3 bits

Multiple Input Modes: Supports both single-ended and differential configurations with up to 4 input channels

Zero DC Power with scalable consumption tied to clock frequency

Selectable Resolution: Operates in 8, 10, or 12-bit modes

Multiple Conversion Modes: Continuous and single conversion modes supported

Extended Sampling & Power Modes: Includes low-power and low-noise modes for tailored performance

Flexible Reference Options: External and optional internal reference support

Ultra-Low Voltage Operation: Analog supply from 3.3V to 1.8V; Digital supply at 1.1V

Advanced Functions: Self-calibration, optional hardware averaging, window watchdog

These advanced features not only improve performance but also simplify the overall design and reduce development time by eliminating the need for external supporting logic in many applications.

Ideal Applications and Use Cases

This SAR ADC IP core is highly suitable for applications requiring compact, power-efficient, and high-performance data conversion. Common use cases include:

Microcontrollers and Embedded Systems: Extend battery life while maintaining accurate analog signal capture in portable electronics, wearables, and sensor nodes.

Industrial Instrumentation: Achieve precision measurements in multichannel monitoring and control systems with minimal power draw.

Broadband Wireless Systems: Convert analog signals at high speed with excellent dynamic range, aiding in RF baseband processing and signal analysis.

Automotive Electronics: Integrate with automotive MCUs for tasks like battery monitoring, motor control, and advanced driver-assistance systems (ADAS).

By addressing the core challenges of low power, high resolution, and easy integration, this ADC IP enables semiconductor manufacturers and system developers to accelerate product development without compromising performance.

Licensing and Availability

T2MIP’ new 12-bit, 5MS/s SAR ADC IP core is available immediately for licensing. semiconductor ip is delivered with comprehensive documentation, test benches, and integration support to ensure a smooth implementation into your design flow. Interested in evaluating or licensing the core can visit t-2-m.com or contact T2M directly at contact@t-2-m.com

[jayakody2000lk]

Open source 24-channel USB high-voltage driver

When it comes to automation and control systems, there's often a need for multiple digitally controlled output terminals with high-voltage handling capabilities. Many existing modules are bulky, expensive, or require numerous additional components to function. To address this gap, I've developed a fully open-source, USB-controlled 24-channel high-voltage driver. This device provides precise, flexible control in a compact and user-friendly package. The project is open hardware, released under the CERN-OHL-W license, ensuring transparency from hardware schematics to firmware code. The driver module communicates via USB using a simple virtual COM port, eliminating the need for special drivers and complex setups.

At the core of the system are three TPIC6B595 shift registers, each supplying eight open-drain outputs that can handle up to 50V and sink currents of up to 150mA per channel. These registers are daisy-chained to achieve a total of 24 outputs. The outputs are designed for low-side switching and include integrated clamping diodes, making them suitable for driving inductive loads such as relays and solenoids. Data is clocked into the registers through serial input from a microcontroller, allowing for fast and reliable state updates across all channels with just a few lines of code.

The logic and communication for this module are managed by the STC15W204S microcontroller, a cost-effective yet powerful 8051-based MCU with enhanced UART performance and an integrated oscillator. This chip is paired with a CH340N USB-to-UART bridge, which presents the device as a standard virtual COM port to the host PC. Upon connection, the microcontroller listens for a set of AT-style commands sent over the serial connection. These commands are straightforward and user-friendly, for example, "ON=65280" activates the middle 8 outputs, "CLR" turns off all channels, and "VER" retrieves the firmware version. Additionally, there is a command to save the current output state to the built-in EEPROM, enabling the system to restore its output to a known state after power cycles. This interface design is perfect for scripting, automation, or integration with software tools such as Python, LabVIEW, or custom control GUIs.

The PCB is designed using KiCad and features a 2-layer layout measuring 75.25mm × 33.75mm. It includes 2.54mm pitch headers for output connections and is equipped with a USB Type-C connector. Power can be supplied through either USB or an external regulated 5V source, which can be selected via onboard jumper settings. The layout ensures clean signal routing and minimizes crosstalk or interference, even when switching high-voltage loads. Careful decoupling and protection components provide robustness for real-world applications.

The PCB for this module was fabricated by PCBWay, who generously sponsored this project. PCBWay offers high-quality PCB manufacturing and assembling services. Also, they offer CNC and 3D printing services. The PCB of this module is available to order from PCBWay. Check out the PCBWay website for its manufacturing capabilities and pricing.

The firmware for the STC15W204S is written in C using SDCC. It is easy to expand the command set, introduce new communication modes, or add timed control logic as needed. The current implementation allows full 24-bit output control using a base 10 numerical mask, making it both scriptable and human-readable. Thanks to the preloaded bootloader of the STC15W204S, firmware updates can be performed through the same serial interface. Details about this process are covered in the project documentation. Like the hardware, the firmware is released under the MIT License and is available in the project repository.

The system has been tested with a variety of 12V and 24V inductive and resistive loads, including relay banks, solenoids, and LED arrays. Since the outputs are open-drain, external voltages up to 50V can be safely switched on each channel making it ideal for a range of industrial, laboratory, or artistic applications. Output timing is reliable, with clean edge transitions observed during scope testing, and no signal integrity issues even during full 24-channel toggling. It is recommended to use individual heatsinks for the driver ICs when driving high-current inductive loads with this module. While the printed circuit board has heat transfer traces, the addition of individual heatsinks can increase the durability of the module.

Potential use cases for this module include automated test benches, home automation systems, signal routing for instrumentation, nixie tube multiplexing, and other high-voltage control tasks. The command-based protocol makes it easy to script operations or integrate this module into a larger system.

For those who wish to explore the schematics, command protocol, design rationale, and usage examples in greater depth, I have published comprehensive documentation and resources in the project wiki. This includes detailed assembly instructions, firmware flashing guidance, and tips on customizing the firmware for enhanced functionality.

All source files - including schematics, PCB layout, firmware code, and the bill of materials - are freely available at https://github.com/dilshan/24ch-usb-high-voltage-driver.

[siliconsignalsblog]

Top 3 Tips to Balance Performance & Power Consumption in Embedded Application Development

In embedded systems development, achieving the right balance between performance and power efficiency is an ongoing challenge—especially when working with microcontrollers (MCUs) and low-resource hardware. The right software design decisions can dramatically extend battery life without compromising responsiveness or reliability.

Here are three actionable strategies every embedded engineer should consider to get the best of both worlds.

1. Build Smarter Software with Efficient Code

The foundation of energy-efficient embedded development begins with how your software is structured and optimized.

Here’s what helps:

Choose better algorithms: Replacing inefficient logic (like O(n²)) with more optimized versions (O(n log n)) reduces CPU cycles and energy use.

Go event-driven, not polling: Event-based logic allows your system to enter sleep modes rather than constantly checking for changes.

Cut down on memory operations: Repetitive dynamic memory allocation increases power draw. Keep it lean and predictable.

Use hardware accelerators: Leverage MCU features like DSPs or crypto engines to offload work and reduce CPU load.

Pro Tip: Use compiler flags like -Os for size and power optimization. Tools like EnergyTrace or ARM's Power Debugger can help you find energy-heavy hotspots in your code.

2. Leverage OS and Middleware Power-Saving Features

Your choice of OS and middleware isn’t just a performance decision—it’s an energy one too.

Here’s how to optimize it:

Pick a power-aware RTOS: Systems like Zephyr and FreeRTOS come with built-in low-power features.

Use MCU low-power modes: Utilize deep sleep, stop, or standby modes to lower consumption during idle times.

Optimize peripheral management: Disable or scale down unused modules like timers, ADCs, or communication interfaces.

Reduce wake-up frequency: Combine tasks and delay non-critical activities to avoid excessive interruptions.

Scale clock speeds dynamically: Lowering clock rates during low workload periods helps reduce energy consumption.

Pro Tip: Use vendor-specific tools like the ST Power Calculator or Nordic’s Power Profiler to fine-tune system settings based on actual workloads.

3. Profile, Analyze, and Keep Optimizing

Even perfectly written code can consume more power than expected without proper testing and profiling.

Here’s your checklist:

Continuously monitor energy usage: Real-time power monitoring highlights inefficiencies across code paths.

Test in real-world conditions: Optimize based on typical usage patterns, not just lab simulations or edge cases.

Refine iteratively: Small updates—like fine-tuning interrupts or reducing wake-ups—can lead to major gains.

Slow down (intelligently): Your application doesn’t need to run at max speed—just fast enough. Slower = more efficient, when done wisely.

Pro Tip: Use simulation tools like Renesas e² Studio Power Profiler to preview energy impacts of code changes before testing on physical hardware.

Final Thoughts

In embedded development, managing the trade-off between performance and energy consumption is critical. But with the right software architecture, OS features, and continuous optimization, it's absolutely achievable.

By making informed engineering decisions, you can build high-performance, power-efficient embedded applications that last longer, run cooler, and deliver better user experiences.

👉 At Silicon Signals, we help companies build power-conscious embedded solutions using best-in-class design practices, real-time OS integration, and performance profiling techniques. 📩 Let’s connect to optimize your next embedded product — from prototype to production.

[svsembedded]

The GPRS-Based Smart Medicine Reminder is a microcontroller-based health monitoring system designed to assist individuals—especially the elderly, patients, and busy professionals—in remembering their medication schedules. This intelligent system combines the functionality of an RTC (Real-Time Clock), Arduino, GSM/GPRS Module, and Voice Playback to deliver timely medicine reminders using audio alerts, SMS notifications, and automated voice calls. This innovative solution ensures that a user never misses a dose by triggering alerts at pre-set times throughout the day. The system is designed to be user-friendly, reliable, and portable, making it suitable for home or clinical environments.***********************************************************If You Want To Purchase the Full Working Project KITMail Us: svsembedded@gmail.comTitle Name Along With You-Tube Video LinkWe are Located at Telangana, Hyderabad, Boduppal. Project Changes also Made according to Student Requirementshttp://svsembedded.com/                  https://www.svskits.in/ http://svsembedded.in/                  http://www.svskit.com/M1: 91 9491535690                  M2: 91 7842358459 We Will Send Working Model Project KIT through   DTDC / DHL / Blue Dart We Will Provide Project Soft Data through Google Drive1. Project Abstract / Synopsis 2. Project Related Datasheets of Each Component3. Project Sample Report / Documentation4. Project Kit Circuit / Schematic Diagram 5. Project Kit Working Software Code6. Project Related Software Compilers7. Project Related Sample PPT’s8. Project Kit Photos9. Project Kit Working Video linksLatest Projects with Year Wise YouTube video Links152 Projects  https://svsembedded.com/ieee_2024.php133 Projects  https://svsembedded.com/ieee_2023.php157 Projects  https://svsembedded.com/ieee_2022.php135 Projects  https://svsembedded.com/ieee_2021.php 151 Projects  https://svsembedded.com/ieee_2020.php103 Projects  https://svsembedded.com/ieee_2019.php61 Projects    https://svsembedded.com/ieee_2018.php171 Projects  https://svsembedded.com/ieee_2017.php170 Projects  https://svsembedded.com/ieee_2016.php67 Projects    https://svsembedded.com/ieee_2015.php55 Projects    https://svsembedded.com/ieee_2014.php43 Projects    https://svsembedded.com/ieee_2013.php1600 Projects https://www.svskit.com/2025/01/1500-f...***********************************************************1. Smart Medicine Reminder Box | e-pill Medication Reminders,2. MeDuino - Automatic Medicine Reminder. Arduino diy,3. Medicine Reminder using Arduino by Saddam Khan,4. Smart Medicine Box,5. Arduino Uno based Medicine reminder project,6. Pill Reminder with Arduino version,7. Automatic patient medicine reminder system || Best project center in Bangalore,8. Automatic Pill Reminder Using Arduino uno,9. Raspberry Pi Based Speaking Medication Reminder Project,10. IoT Based Smart Medicine Box,11. Medicine Reminder simulation on proteus,12. Automatic Medicine Reminder with date using Arduino,13. Medicine reminder,14. Smart Medicine Pill Reminder IOT Project using Aurdino,15. Medicine Reminder Box Using Arduino,16. Smart Medicine Dispenser,17. Medicine reminder/Alarm using Arduino,18. MedBox: Smart Medication Box with Arduino - self test,19. Medicine Reminder System | Smart Medicine Pill Reminder Project,20. Medicine reminder using Arduino,21. Best Medicine Reminder DIY,22. Explanation of our Medicine Reminder Project,23. SmartSF Smart Pill Box,24. Medication Reminder using PIC Microcontroller,25. Medicine Reminder Using Home Made Arduino,26. Medicine Reminder System Using Microcontroller,27. ANDROID APP BASED SMART MEDICATION REMINDER SYSTEM,28. IOT Based Medicine Reminder System with Email Alert,29. Simulation: Photoresistor-based Smart Pill Dispenser | Schematic Diagram, Arduino Code

[shakshi09]

What are the main communication protocols in embedded systems?

Embedded systems rely on various communication protocols to enable efficient data transfer between components, microcontrollers, sensors, and external devices. These protocols can be broadly categorized into serial, parallel, wired, and wireless communication protocols.

UART (Universal Asynchronous Receiver-Transmitter) – A widely used serial communication protocol that facilitates full-duplex data exchange between embedded devices. It requires minimal hardware and is commonly used in debugging and low-speed data transfer applications.

SPI (Serial Peripheral Interface) – A high-speed, full-duplex protocol used for short-distance communication between a microcontroller and peripherals such as sensors, displays, and memory devices. It follows a master-slave architecture and is widely used in real-time embedded applications.

I2C (Inter-Integrated Circuit) – A multi-slave, half-duplex serial communication protocol designed for communication between multiple ICs using only two wires: SDA (data line) and SCL (clock line). It is highly efficient for low-speed applications and is commonly used in sensor integration.

CAN (Controller Area Network) – A robust, message-based protocol widely used in automotive and industrial applications. CAN allows multiple nodes to communicate efficiently without requiring a host computer. It ensures data integrity using error detection and correction mechanisms.

Ethernet – A widely adopted wired communication protocol that enables high-speed data transfer in embedded applications, especially in industrial automation and IoT systems. It supports networking capabilities for remote monitoring and control.

Bluetooth & Wi-Fi – These wireless protocols are essential for modern embedded systems, enabling connectivity in consumer electronics, IoT devices, and smart home applications. Bluetooth is preferred for short-range, low-power communication, while Wi-Fi offers high-speed data exchange over long distances.

Understanding these protocols is crucial for designing efficient embedded solutions. If you want to gain hands-on experience and expertise in these protocols, consider enrolling in an embedded system certification course.

[techtease]

Pioneer600 Raspberry Pi Expansion Board: The Ultimate Tool for Learning and Prototyping

Pioneer600 is versatile HAT (Hardware Attached on Top), designed for the All Raspberry Pi Single Board Computer, It is aimed at enhancing Raspberry Pi's capabilities for learning and prototyping and experimenting with various components and sensors.

This HAT supports all types of Raspberry Pi Board with 40 pin GPIO header and it has A/D and D/A converter, USB to Serial/UART, OLED display, IR receiver and many more feature which makes it highly compatible and easy to integrate into a variety of projects.

Key Features:

Compatibility: It supports all Raspberry Pi boards with 40-pin GPIO such as Raspberry Pi Zero/Zero W/Zero WH/A+/3B/3B+.

Standard I/O Expansion: This Pioneer600 comes with variety of standard I/O Expansion to connect and control muliple devices:

Dual Programmable LEDs: to provide visual feedback or status indicator.

Joystick: Use the built-in Joystick to create interactive projects.

Active Buzzer: Use for audio outputs and ideal for making sound alerts or alarms.

USB to UART Converter: With CP2120, you can easily communicate with external serial devices and configure the Raspberry Pi via a serial terminal. It is very useful for debugging, interacting with microcontrollers, or setting up with serial interface.

0.96-inch OLED Display: Display clear text and graphics. Perfect for displaying sensor readings, system status, simple graphical interfaces and interactive information for your projects.

RTC (Real Time Clock): DS3231 RTC module allows your Raspberry Pi to keep accurate time even when device is disconnected from power. It features a backup battery holder ( battery is not included).

A/D and D/A converter: The PCF8591 provides 8-bit resolutions for both analog to digital (A/D) and digital to analog (D/A) conversion. You can connect analog sensor like temperature or light sensor and control analog devices like motors, LED dimmers etc. The PCF8591 also includes a screw terminal interface allows you to secure connections to external devices.

GPIO Expansion: The PCF8574 I/O expander allows increase the number of available GPIO pins for Raspberry Pi. Perfect for those projects that require many digital connections.

IR Receiver: The built-in LFN0038K infrared receiver enables to receive signal from infrared remote control.

Pressure Sensor: The BMP280 sensor is use for measure air pressure and temperature. This sensor provides real-time data that can be used for data logging, control systems, or creating smart environments.

1-Wire Interface: Supports 1-Wire communication, connect device like DS18B20 temperature sensor. perfect for projects requiring accurate temperature monitoring in remote locations.

Sensor Interface: designed to make it easy to interface with various sensors.

Why Choose Pioneer600 for Your Projects?

Comprehensive Learning Platform

The Pioneer600 is an excellent tool for learning about various components, sensors, and communication protocols. Whether you’re working on a beginner project or an advanced prototype, this expansion board provides all the necessary hardware to get you started.

Prototyping Made Easy

The flexibility of the Pioneer600 makes it an ideal choice for prototyping. It supports a variety of sensors and components, allowing you to rapidly test and iterate on your ideas. The ability to expand the GPIO, interface with analog and digital devices, and display data makes it a versatile choice for any project.

Compact and Compatible

The Pioneer600 is designed to fit all Raspberry Pi boards with a 40-pin GPIO header, so you won’t have to worry about compatibility. Despite its compact size, it packs a punch with numerous features, making it an essential tool for anyone looking to expand their Raspberry Pi’s capabilities.

Ideal for Remote Control and Automation

If you’re working on a project that involves remote control or automation, the Pioneer600 is equipped with an IR receiver for remote operation and a real-time clock to ensure your project runs on time. The pressure sensor and other environmental sensors provide even more data for automation systems, making this board a perfect choice for IoT-based projects.

Conclusion

The Pioneer600 Raspberry Pi Expansion Board by SB Components is an exceptional tool for anyone looking to expand the functionality of their Raspberry Pi. With a wide range of I/O options, sensors, and display capabilities, it offers endless possibilities for learning, prototyping, and creating innovative projects.

Whether you're building a weather station, a remote-controlled robot, or a home automation system, the Pioneer600 provides everything you need to get started.

[creativespot123]

Poll vote Result: Stepper Motor

Thank you all for voting on the poll, as of today I find the Stepper Motor to be the one which was the winner.

Okay so I have a few ideas, not going to poll them because I want to do the zany one first, then I'll move on to the more grounded and harder one.

Henry is a two-armed robot which will move along the ground using a set of arms connected to a servo, turning on and off with the press of a button, using a sort of crank shaft mechanism which moves both arms simultaneously.

The second is a locking mechanism which will work on a clock, which will be elaborated on in a different post.

For now, let me introduce: Henry the Crawler, this is a fairly basic idea which I plan to expand on with real blueprints later.

The idea is that I will be using an Arduino nano, connected to a breadboard which gives commands to a single stepper motor to make two arms throw itself forward.

The Single stepper motor will interact with the two arms via an axle, similar to a wind-up machine, only instead of a key there is a microcontroller and a button to turn it off and on.

Now I understand that there are issues with Henry, but I think he will be hilarious.

Now I thought the best way to do this would be to use the basic wind up mechanics for the actual moving parts in this robot. Doing this out of cardboard will be difficult but it seems like it is simple enough to build, just time consuming. As for the rod part I was able to ask a roommate for bamboo sticks to add onto it, so shout out to roommate for that.

As for the winder, spring and gear part of the components, I want to use one of the 28BYJ-48 5v dc stepper motors so as to make sure it is only one part which might be able to turn the beast on and off. I'll post more with the bread board and jumper wires later on.

Though not specified in the picture, I think arms with tendons in the actual moving parts might be kind of useless, and it is beyond my knowledge to be able to make them more utilized. I will likely keep the idea around for further projects.

[itgindia]

Embedded Computer: A Complete Guide to Systems, Applications, and Benefits

Embedded computers are specialized computing devices designed to perform specific tasks within larger systems. Unlike general-purpose computers such as desktops or laptops, embedded industrial computers are seamlessly integrated into various devices and machinery. Their main functions include controlling operations, processing data, and interfacing with the environment to ensure smooth functionality.

These embedded systems are specifically engineered for applications like automotive electronics, industrial automation, consumer electronics, and medical devices. They are designed to offer customized computing power and capabilities suited to diverse deployment environments.

Exploring the various uses of embedded computers across industries can provide valuable insights into their impact and applications. Read on to discover more.

What is an Embedded Computer?

An embedded computer is a microcontroller that acts as part of a giant machine aimed at performing specific tasks with precision and trustworthiness. Such computing systems are designed to be efficient. They can often work in real-time to allow for immediate responses to the inputs and commands that are vital for their operation. 

Components of Embedded Computers

Embedded computers are convoluted constructs made up of multiple essential parts that blend into each other:

Microprocessor / Microcontroller

Memory

Input/Output Interfaces (I/O)

Power suppl

Real-Time Clock (RTC

Applications of Embedded Computers

Though small and powerful, embedded computers are being used in a range of industries that require specific computational tasks, embedded computers play a very important role in the following areas:

Consumer Electronics

Automotive Industry

Industrial Automation

Healthcare

Aerospace and Defens

Telecommunication

The Technology of Smart Hom

Internet of Things (IoT)

Benefits of Embedded Computers

There are numerous unique benefits of Embedded computers that make them unavoidable in different applications:

Compact Size

They come with minimal user interfaces

Low Power Consumption

Embedded System

Real-time Processing

Cost-Effectiveness

Customization

Scalability

Security

Conclusion

Embedded industrial computers including industrial single-board computers play a crucial role in modern technology, being essential for applications such as industrial machinery, consumer electronics, and medical devices. Their specialized design and seamless integration make them vital for tasks that demand reliability, efficiency, and real-time operation.

For the latest embedded computing solutions tailored to diverse industrial needs with robust performance and advanced technology, ITG India can deliver. These electronic devices must be dependable, efficient, and quick in their operation. As technology evolves, ITG India remains committed to developing innovative solutions that drive growth across various industries.

Reference URL: https://www.itgindia.com/blogs/embedded-computer-a-complete-guide-to-systems-applications-and-benefits/

[ovaga-technologies]

STM32F103C6T6 Datasheet, Pinout, and Specifications

The STM32F103C6T6 is a powerful microcontroller known for its versatility and performance. It belongs to the STM32F1 series produced by STMicroelectronics, offering a wide range of features and capabilities. This microcontroller is highly regarded in the world of embedded systems and microcontroller applications due to its robustness, cost-effectiveness, and ease of use. Its popularity stems from its ability to cater to a wide range of applications, from simple DIY projects to complex industrial automation systems. In this article, we'll provide an overview of theSTM32F103C6T6, exploring its specifications, schematic, pinout, programming, datasheet, and more details.

Description of STM32F103C6T6

The STM32F103C6T6 performance line family integrates the high-performance ARM Cortex-M3 32-bit RISC core, operating at a frequency of 72 MHz. It features high-speed embedded memories (Flash memory up to 32 Kbytes and SRAM up to 6 Kbytes) and a wide range of enhanced I/Os and peripherals connected to two APB buses. All devices offer two 12-bit ADCs, three general-purpose 16-bit timers plus one PWM timer, as well as standard and advanced communication interfaces: up to two I2Cs and SPIs, three USARTs, a USB, and a CAN.

The STM32F103C6T6 low-density performance line family operates from a 2.0 to 3.6 V power supply. It is available in both the –40 to +85 °C temperature range and the –40 to +105 °C extended temperature range. A comprehensive set of power-saving modes allows for the design of low-power applications.

The STM32F103C6T6 low-density performance line family includes devices in four different package types, ranging from 36 pins to 64 pins. Depending on the chosen device, different sets of peripherals are included. The following description provides an overview of the complete range of peripherals proposed in this family.

These features make the STM32F103C6T6 low-density performance line microcontroller family suitable for a wide range of applications such as motor drives, application control, medical and handheld equipment, PC and gaming peripherals, GPS platforms, industrial applications, PLCs, inverters, printers, scanners, alarm systems, video intercoms, and HVACs.

Features of STM32F103C6T6

ARM 32-bit Cortex™-M3 CPU Core: The microcontroller is powered by an ARM Cortex™-M3 CPU core, capable of operating at a maximum frequency of 72 MHz. It delivers a performance of 1.25 DMIPS/MHz (Dhrystone 2.1) with 0 wait state memory access and supports single-cycle multiplication and hardware division.

Versatile Memories: The STM32F103C6T6 features 16 or 32 Kbytes of Flash memory for program storage and 6 or 10 Kbytes of SRAM for data storage.

Clock, Reset, and Supply Management: It supports 2.0 to 3.6 V application supply and I/Os. The microcontroller includes a Power-On Reset (POR), a Power-Down Reset (PDR), and a programmable voltage detector (PVD). It also features a 4-to-16 MHz crystal oscillator, an internal 8 MHz factory-trimmed RC oscillator, and an internal 40 kHz RC oscillator. Additionally, it provides a PLL for the CPU clock and a 32 kHz oscillator for the Real-Time Clock (RTC) with calibration.

Low Power: The STM32F103C6T6 offers Sleep, Stop, and Standby modes for power optimization. It includes VBAT supply for RTC and backup registers.

2 x 12-bit, 1 µs A/D Converters: The microcontroller is equipped with two 12-bit analog-to-digital converters (ADC) with up to 16 channels. It has a conversion range of 0 to 3.6 V and supports dual-sample and hold capability. Additionally, it features a temperature sensor.

Direct Memory Access (DMA): It includes a 7-channel DMA controller that supports peripherals such as timers, ADC, SPIs, I2Cs, and USARTs.

Up to 51 Fast I/O Ports: The STM32F103C6T6 offers 26/37/51 I/Os, all mappable on 16 external interrupt vectors. Almost all ports are 5 V-tolerant, providing flexibility in interfacing with various external devices.

STM32F103C6T6 Specifications

TypeParameterCoreARM Cortex M3

Core Size

 32-Bit Single-CoreProgram Memory Size32 kBData Bus Width32 bitADC Resolution12 bitMaximum Clock Frequency72 MHzRAM Size10K x 8Supply Voltage - Min1.8 V, 2 VSupply Voltage - Max3.6 VVoltage - Supply (Vcc/Vdd)2V ~ 3.6VConnectivityCANbus, I2C, IrDA, LINbus, SPI, UART/USART, USBPeripheralsDMA, Motor Control PWM, PDR, POR, PVD, PWM, Temp Sensor, WDTNumber of I/Os48 I/O

Operating Temperature

 -40°C ~ 85°C (TA)

Package / Case

48-LQFP

Absolute Maximum Ratings

SymbolRatingsValueVDD − VSSExternal main supply voltage (including VDDA and VDD)–0.3V ~ 4.0VVINInput voltage on five volt tolerant pinVSS − 0.3V ~ VDD + 4.0VInput voltage on any other pinVSS − 0.3V ~ 4.0V|VDDx|Variations between different VDD power pins50mV|VSSX −VSS|Variations between all the different ground pins50mVVESD(HBM)Electrostatic discharge voltage (human body model)2000VIVDDTotal current into VDD/VDDA power lines (source)150mAIVSSTotal current out of VSS ground lines (sink)150mAIIOOutput current sunk by any I/O and control pin 25mAOutput current source by any I/Os and control pin-25mAIINJ(PIN)Injected current on five volt tolerant pins-5/+0mAInjected current on any other pin± 5mAΣIINJ(PIN)Total injected current (sum of all I/O and control pins)± 25mATSTGStorage temperature range–65°C to +150°CTJMaximum junction temperature150°C

STM32F103C6T6 Pinout

STM32F103C6T6 Application

Motor Drives

The STM32F103C6T6 is used in motor drive systems to control the speed and direction of motors in various applications, such as industrial machinery, robotics, and automotive systems.

Application Control

It is utilized for controlling the operation of various applications, including home automation systems, smart appliances, and industrial automation equipment.

Medical and Handheld Equipment

Due to its low power consumption and high processing capabilities, the microcontroller is employed in medical devices such as portable monitoring systems, infusion pumps, and handheld diagnostic tools.

PC and Gaming Peripherals

STM32F103C6T6 is used in peripherals for PCs and gaming consoles, such as keyboards, mice, and game controllers, to provide efficient and reliable control interfaces.

GPS Platforms

It is used in GPS tracking devices and navigation systems to process location data and provide accurate positioning information.

Industrial Applications

Due to its robustness and reliability, the microcontroller is widely used in various industrial applications, including factory automation, process control, and monitoring systems.

PLCs (Programmable Logic Controllers)

It is utilized in PLCs for controlling and monitoring industrial processes and machinery.

Inverters

STM32F103C6T6 is used in power inverters, which convert DC power to AC power in applications such as solar power systems and uninterruptible power supplies (UPS).

Printers and Scanners

It is used in printers and scanners for controlling printing and scanning functions, providing fast and efficient operations.

Alarm Systems

The microcontroller is used in alarm systems for detecting and signaling unauthorized entry or other security breaches.

Video Intercoms

It is used in video intercom systems for communication and remote access control in residential and commercial buildings.

HVAC (Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning)

STM32F103C6T6 is used in HVAC systems for controlling temperature, humidity, and air quality, ensuring comfortable and energy-efficient indoor environments.

STM32F103C6T6 Programming

To program the STM32F103C6T6, developers can use a variety of development tools and integrated development environments (IDEs) such as Keil, STM32CubeIDE, and Arduino IDE. These tools provide a user-friendly interface for writing, compiling, and debugging code for the microcontroller.

IDEs for STM32F103C6T6

Several integrated Development Environments (IDEs) support STM32F103C6T6, including the STM32CubeIDE, Keil uVision, and CoIDE. Each offers a unique set of features, catering to different programming needs and preferences.

STM32CubeIDE

STM32CubeIDE is an official IDE from STMicroelectronics for STM32 development. It integrates the STM32Cube library, providing a comprehensive software infrastructure to streamline the programming process.

Keil uVision

Keil uVision is another popular choice. It offers robust debugging capabilities, making it easier for developers to identify and resolve errors in their code.

STM32CubeMX is a graphical tool that helps developers configure the microcontroller and generate initialization code quickly. It allows users to configure peripherals, pin assignments, and clock settings, among other parameters. Then, it generates the corresponding initialization code in C language, which can be easily integrated into the development environment.

Another essential aspect of programming the STM32F103C6T6 is understanding the HAL (Hardware Abstraction Layer) libraries provided by STMicroelectronics. HAL libraries abstract the low-level hardware details, providing a standardized interface for interacting with the microcontroller's peripherals. This abstraction simplifies the development process and makes the code more portable across different STM32 microcontrollers. Understanding how to use HAL libraries is essential for efficiently programming the STM32F103C6T6 and leveraging its full potential in embedded applications.

STM32F103C6T6 Equivalent/Alternative

STM32F103C8T6.

STM32F103C6T6 Package

STM32F103C6T6 Manufacturer

STMicroelectronics, a global leader in semiconductor manufacturing, is the proud manufacturer of the STM32F103C6T6 microcontroller. With a strong focus on innovation and quality, STMicroelectronics has established itself as a trusted name in the electronics industry. The company's commitment to excellence is evident in the STM32F103C6T6, which boasts high performance, reliability, and versatility. STMicroelectronics' dedication to customer satisfaction and technological advancement makes it a preferred choice for engineers and designers worldwide.

STM32F103C6T6 Datasheet

Download STM32F103C6T6 Datasheet PDF.

Conclusion

In conclusion, the STM32F103C6T6 microcontroller stands out as a versatile and powerful solution for embedded systems design. Its advanced features, including a 32-bit ARM Cortex-M3 core, a wide range of peripherals, and low power consumption, make it ideal for a variety of applications. It provides developers with a powerful tool to create innovative and efficient solutions for a wide range of applications.