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angrylightgentlemen · 2 months

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The Ultimate Guide to Purchasing Platinum Jewelry

When it comes to buying platinum jewelry, shoppers in California are spoiled for choice. From the glitzy boutiques of Beverly Hills to the trendy shops in San Francisco, there’s a dazzling array of platinum pieces available. However, purchasing platinum jewelry is a significant investment that requires careful consideration. Here are some expert tips to ensure you make an informed and satisfying purchase.

1. Understand the Value of Platinum

Platinum is one of the most precious metals, prized for its rarity, durability, and natural white luster. Unlike white gold, which requires rhodium plating to maintain its color, platinum retains its silvery sheen over time. Its hypoallergenic properties make it an excellent choice for those with sensitive skin. Recognizing these attributes helps in appreciating the intrinsic value of platinum jewelry and justifies its higher price point.

2. Know the Purity Standards

Platinum jewelry is usually marked with purity stamps, indicating the percentage of pure platinum contained. Common marks include 950 or 900, which means the piece contains 95% or 90% platinum, respectively. Higher purity levels generally translate to better quality and greater value. Always check for these stamps to ensure you are getting genuine platinum.

3. Choose Reputable Jewelers

In California, the reputation of the jeweler is paramount. Established stores like Tiffany & Co. in Beverly Hills, Shreve & Co. in San Francisco, and De Beers in Costa Mesa are known for their exceptional quality and service. These jewelers adhere to strict standards and offer guarantees on their products. Additionally, consider jewelers who are members of professional organizations such as the Jewelers of America or the American Gem Society, which uphold ethical business practices.

4. Evaluate Craftsmanship

The craftsmanship of platinum jewelry is crucial to its overall appearance and longevity. Inspect the piece closely for any signs of poor workmanship, such as rough edges, uneven settings, or loose stones. Quality platinum jewelry should have a smooth finish and securely set gemstones. Don’t hesitate to ask the jeweler about the design and manufacturing process to understand the level of skill involved.

5. Consider the Design and Style

Platinum’s versatility allows for a wide range of designs, from classic to contemporary. When selecting a piece, consider your personal style and how the jewelry will complement your wardrobe. In California, where fashion trends can be quite dynamic, timeless designs often offer the best value and wearability. Whether it’s a simple platinum band or an intricate diamond-studded necklace, choose a design that resonates with your taste and lifestyle.

6. Inquire About After-Sales Services

Reputable jewelers typically offer a range of after-sales services, including cleaning, resizing, and repairs. These services are essential for maintaining the beauty and integrity of your platinum jewelry over time. Ask about warranty details and whether the store provides lifetime maintenance. Knowing that your investment is protected can provide peace of mind.

7. Compare Prices and Shop Around

While platinum is generally more expensive than other metals, prices can vary significantly between jewelers. Take the time to compare prices and explore different stores across California. Don’t rush your decision; instead, gather information and make a well-informed choice. Online reviews and recommendations can also be helpful in identifying reputable jewelers and avoiding potential pitfalls.

8. Consider Ethical and Sustainable Practices

Many California consumers are increasingly concerned about the ethical and environmental impact of their purchases. Look for jewelers who source their platinum responsibly and are committed to sustainable practices. Certifications such as Fairtrade and Responsible Jewellery Council (RJC) membership can indicate a jeweler’s commitment to ethical standards.

Conclusion

Buying platinum jewelry is a significant and rewarding investment. By understanding the value of platinum, choosing reputable jewelers, evaluating craftsmanship, considering design, and inquiring about after-sales services, you can make a purchase that you will cherish for years to come. jewelry stores in california offers a wealth of options for platinum jewelry, so take your time, shop around, and enjoy the process of finding that perfect piece.

#jewel smiths #diamond ring company #jewelry stores in california #engagement ring #diamond ring #custom engagement ring

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carlimuja · 3 months

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The Art of Jade Crafting: Behind the Scenes of Making a Jade Bangle

Crafting a jade bangle is a meticulous process that requires skill, precision, and reverence for the beauty of this cherished gemstone. From selecting the finest jadeite or nephrite to shaping, carving, and polishing the bangle, each step in the production process reflects the mastery and dedication of skilled artisans.

Let’s dive into the intricate art of jade crafting that shows a behind-the-scenes glimpse into the craftsmanship involved in creating a jade bangle.

Selecting High-Quality Jade:

The journey of crafting a jade bangle begins with the selection of high-quality jadeite or nephrite. Skilled artisans carefully examine raw jade stones, assessing their colour, clarity, texture, and quality. Jade with vibrant hues, translucency, and minimal imperfections is preferred for crafting bangles of exceptional beauty and value. In Singapore, renowned jade artisans source jade from reputable suppliers, ensuring that only the finest materials are used in the crafting process.

Designing and Shaping the Bangle:

Once the raw jade stone is selected, the process of designing and shaping the bangle begins. Artisans use traditional techniques and modern tools to transform the rough jade into a smooth, symmetrical bangle. Precision is paramount during this stage, as artisans carefully measure and carve the jade to achieve the desired shape and size. Whether crafting a traditional round bangle or a more intricate design, skilled artisans bring the vision to life with meticulous attention to detail.

Carving Intricate Patterns and Designs:

For many jade bangles, intricate patterns and designs are carved into the surface, adding depth and character to the finished piece. Artisans draw inspiration from nature, mythology, and cultural motifs, incorporating symbolism and meaning into their creations. Using specialised carving tools and techniques, artisans meticulously carve the patterns into the jade, working with precision and finesse to achieve intricate detailing and smooth, flowing lines.

Polishing and Finishing Touches:

Once the carving process is complete, the jade bangle undergoes a series of polishing and finishing touches to enhance its beauty and lustre. Skilled polishers meticulously smooth the surface of the bangle, removing any imperfections and revealing the natural brilliance of the jade. Finishing touches such as buffing, waxing, and inspecting ensure that the bangle meets the highest standards of craftsmanship and quality.

Quality Assurance and Certification:

Before a jade bracelet or bangle is deemed ready for sale, it undergoes rigorous quality assurance and certification processes to ensure authenticity and integrity. Reputable jade artisans in Singapore adhere to strict standards and guidelines set by industry organisations and regulatory bodies. Each bangle is carefully examined, tested, and certified to guarantee its authenticity, quality, and value. Certification provides reassurance to buyers and collectors, allowing them to purchase jade bangles with confidence and peace of mind.

Preserving Tradition and Heritage:

Beyond the craftsmanship involved, the art of jade crafting embodies centuries of tradition, heritage, and cultural significance. In Singapore and across Asia, jade has long been revered as a symbol of purity, prosperity, and protection. By preserving traditional techniques and honouring cultural heritage, jade artisans play a vital role in safeguarding this timeless art form for future generations. Through their dedication and craftsmanship, they ensure that the beauty and symbolism of jade endure for years to come.

Crafting a jade bangle is a labour of love that combines artistic vision, technical skill, and cultural heritage. From the selection of high-quality jade to the precision carving and polishing process, each step in the crafting journey reflects the mastery and dedication of skilled artisans. In Singapore, renowned jade artisans uphold the highest standards of craftsmanship, producing bangles of exceptional beauty, quality, and value. As collectors and enthusiasts appreciate the artistry and symbolism of jade bangles, they honour a tradition that spans generations and celebrates the enduring beauty of this cherished gemstone.

Contact Gen.K Jewelry now to explore our selection and experience the timeless elegance of authentic jade.

#Jade Bangle #Jade Bracelet

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qualitydiamblog · 3 months

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Unveiling the Raw Beauty: Exploring the World of Uncut Diamonds for Sale

In a world where polished perfection often takes center stage, the raw, unrefined beauty of uncut diamonds holds a unique and captivating allure. These diamonds, untouched by the jeweler's tools, offer a glimpse into the pure, unaltered splendor of nature's craftsmanship. For those who appreciate authenticity and the natural form, uncut diamonds present an intriguing opportunity. This blog will explore the allure of raw uncut diamonds, their benefits, and what to consider when purchasing these exquisite gems.

The Natural Charm of Uncut Diamonds

raw uncut diamonds for sale, also known as rough diamonds, are stones in their original state, just as they are extracted from the earth. Unlike their polished counterparts, uncut diamonds retain their natural shape, surface texture, and often a frosty or matte appearance. This raw aesthetic showcases the diamond's inherent characteristics and imperfections, which can be both fascinating and beautiful.

The appeal of uncut diamonds lies in their authenticity. Each stone is a unique piece of nature's art, untouched and unaltered by human hands. This makes them particularly attractive to those who value originality and the story behind the gem.

Benefits of Buying Uncut Diamonds

Affordability: One of the most significant advantages of uncut diamonds is their cost. Since they do not undergo the extensive cutting and polishing process, uncut diamonds are often more affordable than their polished counterparts. This makes them an excellent option for budget-conscious buyers or those looking to invest in diamonds without breaking the bank.

Customization Potential: Purchasing an uncut diamond allows for a high degree of customization. Buyers can choose to leave the diamond in its natural state or have it cut and polished to their specifications. This flexibility can result in a truly personalized piece of jewelry.

Investment Value: Uncut diamonds can also be a good investment. As the demand for unique and unconventional gemstones grows, the value of raw diamonds can increase. Their rarity and natural beauty can make them a valuable addition to any collection.

Considerations When Buying Uncut Diamonds

When purchasing uncut diamonds, several factors should be taken into account to ensure a wise investment:

Certification: Always buy from reputable sources that provide certification. This ensures that the diamond is genuine and provides important information about its quality and origin.

Quality Assessment: Evaluating the quality of an uncut diamond can be challenging. Pay attention to factors such as the diamond's size, shape, clarity, and color. Expert advice can be invaluable in making an informed decision.

Purpose: Consider the purpose of the purchase. Are you buying for investment, personal use, or future customization? This will influence your choice of stone and the amount you are willing to spend.

Market Trends: Stay informed about market trends and prices. The value of uncut diamonds can fluctuate, so understanding the current market can help you make a better investment.

Caring for Uncut Diamonds

Despite their raw nature, uncut diamonds require care to maintain their beauty. Cleaning with mild soap and water, avoiding harsh chemicals, and proper storage can help preserve their natural luster. Regular inspections by a professional jeweler can also ensure that your diamond remains in excellent condition.

Conclusion

raw uncut diamonds for sale a unique and captivating glimpse into the natural world of gemstones. Their raw, untouched beauty and the potential for personalization make them an appealing choice for many. Whether you're drawn to their authenticity, looking for a budget-friendly option, or seeking a unique investment, uncut diamonds provide a compelling alternative to traditional polished stones. Embrace the allure of these natural masterpieces and explore the world of uncut diamonds for sale.

#raw uncut diamonds for sale #qualitydiam

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fowardfashionfindz · 3 months

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Check out this listing I just added to my Poshmark closet: One 6cts Natural Ethiopian Welo Rough Opal.

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reasoningdaily · 5 months

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The largest diamonds to feature in King Charles III's coronation may be pieces of the ancient ocean floor, which drifted down into the interior of our planet – then came back up.

The package arrived in a plain cardboard box. It was simply addressed to S Neumann & Co – a mining sales agency in the centre of London – and weighed just over a pound (around 500g). But this was no ordinary cargo.

It was April 1905, and three months earlier, the surface manager at the Premier Mine in South Africa had been completing a routine inspection 18ft (5.4m) underground, when he glimpsed a reflected light in the rough wall above him. He assumed it was a large piece of glass hammered in by colleagues as a practical joke. Just in case, out came his pocket knife, and after some digging… the knife promptly snapped. Eventually the rock was removed successfully, and revealed to be a bona fide diamond – a monster 3,106.75-carat stone, almost the size of a fist. It was not only enormous, but unusually transparent.

The Cullinan, as it became known, is the largest diamond ever found. Once it had been polished and cleaved into several more manageable stones, the largest crystal it yielded would shine like the cool glow of a star in a distant galaxy. As a result, this diamond – the Cullinan I – is sometimes known as the Great Star of Africa.

But though the Cullinan diamonds are renowned across the globe for their size and transparency, these characteristics are no accident. They are "Clippir" diamonds – members of a special category of the very largest and clearest examples ever found. And there is more to them than meets the eye. In fact, these special diamonds are stowaways from the deep Earth – the only objects that have ever made it out of this alien world without being changed beyond all recognition. How did they get to the surface? And what can they tell us about the interior of our planet?

Nearly 120 years after it was found, the original mega-diamond has not been forgotten. Today the Cullinan's descendants are part of the British Crown Jewels, normally kept in the Tower of London and brought out for state events – and they will feature prominently in the coronation of King Charles III. Dressed in flowing robes of golden thread, the King will be crowned using the Sovereign's Sceptre, which contains the Cullinan I, and the Imperial State Crown, which is embedded with its next-largest sibling, the Cullinan II.

Meanwhile, several lesser-known diamonds, including the Cullinan III, IV and V, will also feature in the ceremony. The gemstones were part of the late Queen Elizabeth II's personal jewellery collection, and have been reset into a modified version of Queen Mary's Crown from 1911. This will be placed on the head of Camilla, the Queen Consort, during the ceremony.

However, before the rough diamond could have its makeover and take its place in history, it needed to be sold – and London was chosen as the most promising location to do this. This presented a problem: how do you transport such a valuable stone 7,926 miles (12,755km), without it being stolen?

Without the diamond industry, geologists would know significantly less about the inside of our planet (Credit: Getty Images)

In the end, the precious rock was sent all the way from Johannesburg by ordinary registered post, at a cost of just three shillings or about 75 US Cents at the time (around £11.79 or US$13.79 today). Meanwhile, a replica of the diamond made the long voyage to London by steamboat – it was placed conspicuously within the captain's safe and guarded by police detectives as a decoy. Amazingly, both made it to their destination. After years of failing to sell, the diamond – the real version, this time – was purchased by the Transvaal government for £150,000 (£20m or US$22.5m today) and gifted to King Edward VII.

For all their beauty, Clippir diamonds are really fragments of the deep Earth – intriguing geological anomalies disguised as mere jewellery. These strange gemstones are capsules from another world – a mysterious realm of unfathomable pressures, swirling green rock, and elusive minerals, far below the surface. Scientists around the globe have been studying them for decades to reveal the region's secrets – and intriguingly, it's the very diamonds that we value most that have the most unusual stories to tell. Now the largest examples, like the Cullinan, are transforming our understanding of Earth's interior.

An unusual opportunity

Sitting in front of a microscope at the Gemological Institute of America (GIA) in 2020, Evan Smith carefully stretched some rubber gloves over his fingers, and peered into the instrument's lenses. Beneath was a diamond worth almost as much as a small country – about the size of a walnut, with 124 carats of wonderous brilliance.

To reach this point, Smith had already navigated almost military levels of security – iris scans and identity checks, followed by layer after layer of locked doors, secure lifts and mysterious restricted corridors. While he worked, video cameras streamed a constant view of the room to watchful security guards.

The Imperial State Crown contains two suspected super-deep diamonds, the Cullinan II (also known as the Second Star of Africa) and the infamous Koh-i-Noor (Credit: Alamy)

Smith – a research scientist at GIA – was examining the diamond for inclusions, chemical hitchhikers from the interior of our planet that can reveal how the crystal formed, and under what conditions. But working with high-value diamonds is a tricky business – ordinarily, it's impossible for researchers to get their hands on the largest specimens. They're sometimes flown around the world to visit potential customers – alas, never scientists.

Maya Kopylova, a professor of mineral exploration at the University of British Columbia, says getting samples of any diamonds is hard, and most of the diamonds she works with would have otherwise been thrown away. "Researchers have to have a good relationship with companies and they will never give you valuable samples," she says. "So, they will never give us diamonds that are 6mm (0.2 inches) in size or larger."

Even then, acquiring them is convoluted and expensive – first, Kopylova has to visit the high-security facilities where diamonds are sorted and identify the specimens she'd like to study. Once the acquisition has been approved, then comes the paperwork – all diamonds must travel with a Kimberley Process certificate, which proves its provenance and helps to prevent conflict or "blood" diamonds from entering the market.

However, Smith's situation is different. At GIA, he has access to one of the largest collections of diamonds on the planet – millions of gems that have been sent there to be valued, so that they can be insured or sold. "If you want to see something rare and unusual, this is the perfect place to go because there are diamonds coming through here all the time," says Smith. "Every few days, you might get to borrow a diamond for maybe a few hours, maybe a day or two and study it."

A few years earlier, this is exactly what Smith had done. Together with an international team of scientists, he casually requisitioned 53 of the largest, clearest and most expensive available – including some from the same mine as the Cullinan diamond – and took them back to his laboratory to view under a microscope.

What Smith found was revolutionary. Nearly three-quarters of the Clippir diamonds contained tiny pockets, or "inclusions" of metal that had avoided rusting – not something you'd find in ordinary ones – while the remaining 15 contained a kind of garnet which only forms within the Earth's mantle, the layer above its molten core.

Together, these inclusions provide chemical clues that the diamonds could only have formed no fewer than 360km (224 miles) and no more than 750km (466 miles) underfoot. In this Goldilocks zone, it's deep enough to explain the metal inclusions that hadn't been exposed to oxygen, which is abundant higher up, and it's not so deep that the garnet rocks would have broken down under the immense pressures of the lower mantle. Ordinary diamonds, meanwhile, originate below the crust, just 150-200km (93-124 miles) down.

For his 2020 study – together with Wuyi Wang, who is vice president of research & development at GIA – Smith analysed the 124-carat diamond and found that it formed at the deeper end of the possible range – at least 660km (410 miles) below the Earth's surface.

Some of the carbon in super-deep diamonds may be from ancient sea creatures, which were buried in oceanic plates that subsequently drifted down into the mantle (Credit: Alamy)

From the depths

"From a geological perspective, diamonds [in general] are really strange minerals," says Smith. It just so happens that our species finds them so beguiling, we invest tens of millions every year in our quest for them – well beyond the budget of any research project.

And while these endeavours have led to much destruction, from wars and colonisation to the rerouting of rivers and upending of rare habitats, if it weren't for our enthusiasm for these sparkling lumps of carbon, "we would have no idea about this story [of their unusual properties], because we would never get to recover them and study them", says Smith.

Even the most ordinary diamonds are unique among rocks, forming far deeper than any others – there is nothing else at the Earth's surface that has emerged from further down into our planet. "There are no other materials at the surface coming from a depth of 600km [373 miles], absolutely not," says Kopylova. Magma that reaches us comes from around 400km [249 miles] down, but unlike diamonds, which reach the surface unchanged, this is melted rock. "And that adds another degree of uncertainty of what was the original material before it was affected by melting," adds Kopylova.

Every diamond that has ever been sold or worn, except those grown in the laboratory, is at least 990 million years old – formed at a time when strange, spaghetti-like lifeforms, primitive algae, were just beginning to creep onto land. But some are truly ancient, first crystallising at least 3.2 billion years ago, when the entire planet may have been one big ocean – a swirling blue orb with no visible land or continents whatsoever.

Once a diamond has formed, it takes a sequence of unlikely processes to bring it up to the surface. First, the natural movement of super-heated rock in the mantle brings it closer to the surface over hundreds of millions of years, possibly as part of giant "plumes" which can stretch thousands of kilometres from the edge of the core to the upper mantle.

Then the diamond has to be in the right place at the right time, to be blasted up in magma. "It [the molten liquid] has picked up those diamonds from a variety of different locations and kind of mixed them together," says Smith. This diamond-flecked magma then solidifies into rock within the Earth's crust – specifically one called kimberlite – where the gemstones may be discovered millions of years later.

The vast majority of diamonds are small and originate in the Earth's upper mantle, just below the crust (Credit: Getty Images)

The Cullinan diamonds

Once it had arrived in London safely, the rough Cullinan diamond was sent to be cut by Joseph Asscher. It's reported that the rock was so massive, the first heavy blow of the hammer led to yet another knife casualty (it broke) – and made him faint. However, eventually Asscher managed to divide the diamond into nine major stones, the largest of which was 530.20 carats – a measure of its weight – and 96 smaller ones. While the larger stones became part of the British Crown Jewels or the British monarch's private collection, the smaller fragments were sold to various clients around the world.

Back in the 1980s, geologists began to notice that some diamonds looked different to others – sometimes they contained minerals that could suggest they formed at higher pressures than regular ones (more on this later). "We started to wonder whether some diamonds might actually be formed deeper than others," says Smith.

Around the same time, they noticed a puzzling pattern. Most diamonds – called Type I – contain a significant amount of nitrogen, which affects their crystal structure and can add a hint of pale yellow or brown. Occasionally, though, a diamond has almost no detectable traces of this element. These are the Type II diamonds, and the phenomenon is extremely rare – except in the very largest diamonds.

"It's not just that they're big that sets them apart," says Smith. "When you look at these big, high-quality [type II] diamonds, like the Cullinan, there turned out to be something strange about them, that makes them more likely to fall into this category that should otherwise be something very rare. So this was kind of a long-standing mystery."

Eventually scientists discovered that some diamonds are "super-deep", and identified a handful of mines where they were most likely to be found – including the Cullinan mine in South Africa and Letseng mine in the nearby kingdom of Lesotho, where Smith's 124-carat specimen originated.

Today many super-deep diamonds come from the Cullinan mine in South Africa, and Letseng mine in the neighbouring country of Lesotho (Credit: Getty Images)

But for decades, most of the diamonds found to be from deeper in the Earth were small and not particularly valuable. Studying large, expensive diamonds has always been tricky – no one had checked if they could also fit into this category. "We never really thought of them as something that could be gem quality – that we would ever be wearing super-deep diamonds or, you know, putting them in crowns or sceptres or anything like that," says Smith.

The final clincher in Smith's 2020 study was an elusive mineral that was only seen for the first time six years earlier – found in a 4.5 billion-year-old meteorite that slammed into the Earth back in 1879.

It's thought that the ancient extra-terrestrial rock had once been part of a much larger celestial object, an asteroid, and broke off during a catastrophic impact. During this process, it experienced staggeringly high pressures, similar to those found within the Earth.

The Tenham meteorite, as it is known, broke up as it fell, scattering fragments across Queensland, Australia – many of which were collected and eventually gifted to the British Museum in London by a geologist's widow. Fast-forward 143 years, and the fragments have been extensively studied, particularly for what they might tell us about our planet's interior.

And in 2014, scientists glimpsed the mineral bridgmanite within one of these alien rocks. Though it's the most abundant material on Earth, it can only exist at the high pressures found in the lower mantle, the layer above the Earth's molten core. Like many high-pressure minerals, it breaks up when it gets to the surface – and this was the first time it had ever been seen.

Amazingly, the 124-carat gem Smith studied contained this very mineral, though in its broken-down form – even inside diamonds, it doesn't usually survive the journey up. This suggests that the glittering rock formed within the lower mantle, at pressures at least 240,000 times those at sea level. That's 240 times the crushing pressure in the deepest part of the ocean, the Mariana Trench.

But why does this all make super-deep diamonds so different? And what can they tell us about the hidden world they're made in?

The Cullinan diamond is rumoured to have been so large, the first attempt to split it broke the cutter's knife (Credit: Getty Images)

Ancient carbon

According to Smith, the unusual qualities of the world's largest and most valuable diamonds are all down to the way they form.

Even the origins of regular diamonds are still somewhat mysterious, but they're thought to start life as a fluid – most likely ancient seawater trapped deep underground along with sinking oceanic plates. Somehow, perhaps due to a sudden change in temperature or pressure, this mineral-rich water ends up rejecting the carbon that's dissolved within it, which is precipitated out – and under the immense pressures below the Earth's crust, the carbon crystallises into diamonds.

But super-deep diamonds like the Cullinan are different. Instead of a beginning within water, these start life as carbon dissolved within liquid metal, far down in the planet's interior. "It's like molten iron nickel alloy with sulphur and carbon dissolved in that," says Smith. "So it's a totally different kind of fluid, but it's still carbon fluid. It's undergoing whatever chemical or temperature changes, and that's causing carbon to crystallise out." In this case, the initial fluid contains less nitrogen, so they end up with very little of this element – and are consequently more transparent.

Meteorites that have experienced a collision in their long history can provide important clues to the conditions in the deep Earth (Credit: Getty Images)

Reclaimed treasures

In short, Clippir diamonds aren't just regular ones that have somehow grown to remarkable proportions – they're fundamentally different. In fact, their unparalleled size and transparency are a direct result of the unusual way they form. And since their discovery, super-deep diamonds have revealed some of our planet's most closely guarded secrets.

Many of the Crown Jewels come from countries that were colonised by the British. As a result of this legacy, the Cullinan diamonds remain controversial in South Africa, and recently there have been calls to return them. Separately, several countries have asked for the return of the Koh-i-Noor, which is currently set in the Crown of Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother. This diamond, which is also of super-deep origin, is thought to have been mined in India up to a thousand years ago – its early history has been lost. It was passed between the hands of generations of rulers in South Asia before it was acquired by Queen Victoria when the Punjab Region was annexed by the British in the mid-19th Century. The Koh-i-Noor will not be making an appearance at the coronation of King Charles III and the Queen Consort, Camilla.

"I think the biggest thing they [super-deep diamonds] inform us about is the process of subduction – when an oceanic tectonic plate, sinks down into the Earth," says Smith.

This is the phenomenon we all learn about in classes at school – the Earth is split up into seven tectonic plates, which "float" around on the surface, generating earthquakes when they rub against one another, and volcanoes when they move apart or get too close. Crucially, while new plates are constantly being formed, some are also slowly slipping below the crust, never to be seen again.

But though scientists have long suspected that these vanished, subducting plates – which are usually heavier, oceanic ones – eventually drift down into the lower mantle, this has never been confirmed. "You can go to a volcano and say, 'yeah, this magma comes out of the Earth', or go to spreading centres of the oceans and see, that there's new crust forming… But it's really difficult to do the opposite and say, what's going down into the Earth?" says Smith.

Super-deep diamonds can provide important clues, because amazingly, these disappeared tectonic plates might be what they are made of. "So we've seen diamonds that look like they're essentially pieces of the oceanic crust that have been carried down to the lower mantle," says Smith. "These diamonds are physically telling us that this process is physically true."

Other than confirming what happens to oceanic plates that end up in the interior of our planet, super-deep diamonds also tell us about the kinds of things you might find in the lower mantle. For a start, there must be carbon, or the diamonds wouldn't exist. But in 2021, the discovery of a rare super-deep diamond from Juína, Brazil, hinted that there may also be whole "oceans" of water.

The diamond contains a pocket of a vivid blue mineral, hydrous ringwoodite, which is a high-pressure form of olivine, the green mineral that makes up most of the upper mantle. Under the microscope, it looks like a tiny shard of indigo glass – and this type contains around 2.5% water.

The largest diamonds in the world also tend to be exceptionally transparent (Credit: Alamy)

For years, scientists have believed that all the water at the Earth's surface – in rivers, ice sheets, lakes and oceans – ultimately comes from the mantle. But where exactly it could be stored has been up for debate, particularly because olivine does not store water well. However, the discovery of water-saturated ringwoodite suggests that it's stored lower down, in the same region where many super-deep diamonds form.

The more scientists learn about them, the clearer it becomes that super-deep diamonds aren't just extraordinary valuable in monetary terms – without them, many of the processes inside the Earth would have remained hidden from view.

"There is definitely a wow factor when you're trying to scrutinise something under the microscope, but then you also have in the back of your mind this idea that the object you're handling is worth millions of dollars," says Smith. "And it struck me a few times, I mean, just looking at some of these things, and thinking about, 'Oh wouldn't it be great if we could break this open or study in more detail just because it's such a fascinating scientific sample'… but then you can't because it's such a valuable gemstone. There's kind of a weird duality."

Since smashing diamonds is generally frowned upon, Smith can't help longing for a less destructive – though no less radical – alternative: leaving diamonds in their rough form. When the rocks emerge from the Earth, they're lumpy and coarse, with none of the sparkle they acquire after they've been cut and polished – but the surface you see reads like a history of their adventures underground.

"The diamond can be chemically etched away by magma, and you end up with these really unusual shapes and intricate features… the natural surfaces that have been sculpted by all these different forces over millions of years. That is unique, and I see a lot of beauty in that."

#stolen treasures #South Africa #How King Charles' diamonds reveal Earth's deep secrets #british thefts

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sunalimerchant · 5 months

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Guide to Finding High-Quality Platinum Jewelry Near You

Platinum jewelry represents elegance, durability, and a timeless choice for any occasion. Whether you are searching for the perfect engagement ring, a special gift, or a personal indulgence, finding high-quality platinum jewelry is paramount. Given platinum's significance and cost, choosing the right piece from a reputable retailer is crucial. This guide will walk you through the steps to locate high-quality platinum jewelry near me, ensuring you make an informed and satisfying purchase.

Step 1: Understanding Platinum Quality

Before venturing out to shop, it’s important to understand what sets high-quality platinum apart. Platinum is a highly durable metal that naturally has a brilliant white shine that does not fade or tarnish over time. It is often used in nearly pure form (usually 95% pure) which makes it hypoallergenic and ideal for sensitive skin. Look for hallmarks such as "950 Plat" or "Pt950" which indicate the purity of the platinum, signifying that the metal is 95% platinum and 5% other alloys.

Step 2: Research Reputable Jewelers

Start your search by researching local jewelers who specialize in fine jewelry, particularly those well-known for their collection of platinum pieces. You can begin online by checking reviews on sites like Google, Yelp, or even social media platforms. Customer reviews can provide insight into the quality of the jewelry and the level of customer service provided. Additionally, consider asking for recommendations from friends or family members who have purchased platinum jewelry.

It’s beneficial to select jewelers who are accredited by reputable industry organizations such as the Jewelers of America or those who have certifications from the Gemological Institute of America (GIA). These credentials often indicate a higher level of professionalism and reliability.

Step 3: Visit Stores and Inspect the Jewelry

Once you have a list of potential stores, it's time to visit them. When inspecting platinum jewelry, look for its finish and craftsmanship. High-quality platinum jewelry should have a smooth and consistent finish without any visible blemishes or rough patches. Check for the quality of any gemstones used; they should be securely set without any wiggling.

Discuss with the jeweler about where they source their platinum and the types of alloys used with it. This conversation can provide you with insights into the quality and durability of the jewelry. Additionally, a knowledgeable jeweler should be able to provide you with a detailed history of each piece, including its design and manufacturing process.

Step 4: Compare Prices and Services

Pricing for platinum jewelry can vary widely depending on the retailer, the complexity of the design, and the current market for platinum. While it might be tempting to go for a lower price, remember that this could affect the quality of the platinum and craftsmanship. Compare prices among different stores but weigh these against the quality and service provided.

Additionally, inquire about the after-sale services offered, such as cleaning, repairs, and possible return policies. Good customer service can make maintaining your platinum jewelry easier and enhance its longevity, making it a crucial factor in your decision.

Step 5: Certifications and Warranties

For added assurance, ask for certifications for any platinum jewelry you are considering. A certificate from a reputable lab about the purity of the platinum and the quality of any gemstones involved provides authenticity to your purchase.

Moreover, consider stores that offer warranties on their jewelry. A warranty can protect your investment and provide peace of mind, ensuring that you can enjoy your platinum jewelry for years to come.

Conclusion

Finding high-quality platinum jewelry involves thorough research, understanding the characteristics of platinum, and choosing reputable jewelers. By following these steps, you can ensure that the platinum jewelry you purchase is of the highest quality and that it will be a lasting symbol of beauty and endurance. Remember, investing time in selecting the right piece and the right jeweler will result in a timeless addition to your jewelry collection.

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brilliantstarsgems · 8 months

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When Records Are Broken

Estrela de Fura and the Future of Mozambique Rubies

February 2024

Several years ago, I penned an article entitled “Are Ruby Prices Justified.” The essence of the article explained that fine, gem quality rubies are exceedingly rare and that nothing can change the natural economics involved. Different natural elements must combine to create a gorgeous red hue, and this practically ensures their great rarity. There are only a few locations in the entire world that have been blessed with such minerals.

Followers of my writings- and all sophisticated gem connoisseurs for that matter- appreciate that Myanmar (previously called Burma) is the prime source of such fabled rubies. In fact, the Myanmar origin has developed into a brand name of sorts. Just the mention of a ruby with this origin conjures images of royalty, maharajas, and some of the world’s most famous gemstones. Rubies are exceptionally rare to begin with, but modern science has found the secret sauce that makes the Myanmar variety so mesmerizing. Such rubies exhibit a natural fluorescence which combines with the red color to create a specific color tone often referred to as “pigeon’s blood” within the trade.

However, as this source has been mined for centuries, its yields have become increasingly smaller and lower in quality. The collectors and consumers seeking ultra fine rubies, have been searching for alternative sources and rubies from Mozambique have become increasingly popular and sought after. In fact, a few global jewelry retailers now exclusively offer rubies from Mozambique. Myanmar is simply not presenting the market with enough rubies for these retailers with large volumes of high-end sales. An added challenge is the sporadic political instability in Myanmar. Large volume, global retailers must feed their constant appetite for stones, or consumers will simply dine elsewhere, and so many have now switched their focus to Mozambique.

Some of the Mozambique specimens have underlying secondary colors that detract from their collectability. Brown and other earth tones tend to give rubies a garnet like color- a semiprecious gem that trades at a small fraction of a fine ruby. However, occasionally, the stars are aligned and an absolute one of kind ruby is unearthed in Mozambique.

It has a Portuguese name, Estrela de Fura, or Star of Fura. Fura is the company that unearthed this once in a generation ruby. A massive 101 carat rough was found about a year ago, and the gem world collectively gasped for breath. It’s phenomenally rare to find a rough of this size, but in this case, all experts agreed that the quality of this ruby is ultra fine. After much debate and analysis, the ruby lost almost 50% of its original weight and yielded a 55 carat, one of a kind, ultra fine specimen.

Brilliant Stars routinely cuts color gemstone rough to lose even 75% of its original weight. The goal is to achieve the most perfect gemstone possible while keeping your investment and rough purchase price profitable. However, with such important gems, every single carat you lose in cutting could be US $1Mil+ in losses. Imagine the pressure on the artisan cutter who is tasked with such decisions!

In the case of Estrella de Fura, the magic weight was 55.22 carats. Having seen the gem in person, I couldn’t believe my eyes. With colors that are luscious red with slight purple/ pink undertones, this African ruby looks very much like its Asian counterpart. But what makes this gem legendary is the natural fluorescence that it exhibits. Gems from Mozambique rarely have this added color effect- Truly a once in a generation find. The final bid at auction sold this legendary ruby or US $34.8mil, or US $630,288 per carat. A remarkable albeit justified record for any color gemstone at auction.

It is futile to fight the laws of nature and it is obvious that an ever-increasing majority of high-end ruby sales will be of Mozambique origin. Estrela de Fura’s sale, and at a record price for that matter, greatly solidifies this fact. Mozambique rubies have now been officially crowned and have arrived. Collectors and consumers now have the greatest affirmation possible that Mozambique rubies are the future and must be respected like their Myanmar counterparts.

Behold Estrela de Fura in all its glory!

Rodney Rahmani is President of Brilliant Stars and a 3rd generation International Gemstone Merchant. He is considered a leading authority in the subjects of gemstones, jewelry, mineral economics, and the global luxury consumer market. He is a noted speaker and author of many articles on these subjects. He may be reached at [email protected]

#brilliantstars #preciousgemstone #Rubies #Myanmar #mozambique

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