#so net gain

[pending-trans-action-2]

"Uhh sweetie? Are you *sure* you're not intersex?" - My bf, when I finally let him play with my girlcock

[quietwingsinthesky]

Elder Scrolls lore videos are like (item not there because of a bug) (michael kirkbride’s writings) (obscure dialogue from Morrowind) (item in wrong place because of a bug) (the dwemer are involved somehow) (michael kirkbride’s writings again) (overanalyzing how the voice actor delivered one line) (cut content) (lore from Skyrim that directly contradicts everything from the previous games) (no one at Bethesda thought about this for very long) (cut content) (cut content) (cut content) (sheogorath)

[scintillyyy]

just returned from the universe where nu52 never happened and it turns out that after vicki vale became the official batman reporter in the know of the secret following the road home she started dating helena after huntress and red robin saved her from a run in with scarecrow and she bonded/flirted with the other woman over being annoyed by bruce

[the-converse-high-top]

Affixes, Clitics, and Particles

i think that these parts of language are really cool! so im going to try to explain them :D also i definitely did not get sent down an hours long rabbit hole of linguistic papers and i also definitely didn't find out that the reason i wanted to make this post is actually a misconception :D i love ignoring things :D

Affixes:

the wikipedia article for affixes says that "in linguistics, an affix is a morpheme that is attached to a word stem to form a new word or word form."

in hopefully simpler terms, this basically means that an affix is a letter, or a group of letters that form a single sound or syllable, that is attached to a word stem to form a new word or word form.

some examples of these are the somewhat well known prefix and suffix, but also the beloved infix:

prefix: undone suffix: spotless infix: abso-fucking-lutely

sidenote: my favorite thing about english infixes is that they pretty much only work with expletives. in fact, there's a tom scott video about expletive infixations!

Clitics:

wikipedia defines a clitic as such: "a clitic is a morpheme that has syntactic characteristics of a word, but depends phonologically on another word or phrase."

in layman's terms: a clitic is a letter, or a group of letters that form a single sound or syllable, that has the function of a word in a sentence, but depends on another word or phrase based on the sound rules of the language.

a few examples of clitics can be seen in finnish (which also has a great many affixes but we're not talking about those right now):

-ko/kö -han/hän -pa/pä -kin

the spelling of the clitic depends on vowel harmony. if you want to learn more, this dissertation is all about finnish clitics!

you may be asking yourself how to tell the difference between clitics and other parts of speech. well this study has just the thing for you! quite a few tests are suggested by the author of this study if you want to be able to tell if something is a clitic or not, including some of the following:

a phonological test observe how the clitic forms a phonological unit with an independent word. (do not ask me how this one works i dont know) accentual test "clitics are accentually dependent, while full words are accentually independent." put simply, if you can't put stress on it, it's probably a clitic syntactic test a word can stand on its own and be subject to normal word processes such as tense changes while a clitic cannot do this

Particles:

"'Particle' is a cover term for items that do not fit easily into syntactic and semantic generalizations about the language[.]"

read: "particle" is a miscellaneous, catch all term for anything that doesn't fit into the above two categories (or any other word categories like nouns, verbs, etc.)

the author of this study (who i'm going to refer to as Zwicky from now on because it's easier) says that theres no such thing as a particle and that its distinction from affixes, clitics, words, and clauses is unnecessary. i think thats an. interesting take.

anyway even though Zwicky just said theres no such thing as particles (which, how could he do that? theres kids around! we dont want to ruin the magic!) he concedes that there is actually a group of words that are commonly called particles that he agrees are actually particles. but he decides to call them discourse markers instead. because fuck you.

i dont like any of the words that Zwicky included so i made a list of my own:

-ね (ne) eh (canadian english) innit (common transcription of "isn't it", british english)

the funny thing is im coming out of this still not entirely clear on what a particle is. i thought i knew, i did some research, realized i didnt know, and now i'm here. based on how Zwicky puts it, it feels like the category of "particle" exists to accommodate the fact that there might be words* that arent affixes, clitics, words, or clauses but it feels like Zwicky is just being contrary. I should probably have done more research but this post was supposed to be done 24 hours ago.

out of context highlights from my research process: - sanskrit - the panini rule - doch - verbosely long section titles

*i dont actually mean words, i mean a morpheme which is a letter or a group of letters that form the representation of one sound that carries meaning, but i didn't want to make that sentence long and unreadable

if i'm wrong, please tell me! i would appreciate being corrected, i know i am not an expert on this topic in the slightest.

[coatiiii]

Dame Aylin your armour is gorgeous but so painful to draw

[twilightarcade]

that guy who ruined my life

[theoriginaldick]

You guys are so desperate for that original dick goddamn.

[petrodragonicapocalypse]

12 separate people in the notes of my kindof infamous elvish diary johnl*ck post (if u don't know what this is dont even worruy about it ahaha) have asked me if i have an autism diagnosis. an interesting statistic

[essektheylyss]

I started the Wilson Odyssey translation and my favorite thing about reading really ancient texts is that the introduction is just [poses a question about authorship] "Due to a lack of firm evidence classicists have not come to a consensus—" [poses a question about timeframe] "This matter is also one of serious disagreement—"

[khytal]

it’s impressive that I know absolutely nothing about danganronpa after all these years; I see komaeda get put on my social media feeds every other day and I’m just. like. oh that’s The Guy

my friend was trying to sell me on a movie by telling me “it’s like danganronpa” and I was like “I don’t actually know anything about danganronpa” and after a pause they said “it’s like ace attorney”

which was still a meaningless comparison because I knew that they’d never played ace attorney. so basically I didn’t learn anything

[archi-pelago]

.

[eggtomatosoup]

forever tempted to rb one of those "tell me what you like about my art" things but i don't want to rb stuff too much on here. and today realized i can just. ask.

[arcaneyouth]

my favorite thing in the whole world is reblogging art and seeing people in my notes reblog that art leaving really nice tags for the op. like hell yes love is real

[cozylittleartblog]

God I wish I had your bots. There's so many of them but at least I wouldn't be forced to look at boobs every time I go to block them.

'nonnie i'm sorry to tell you the boobs have also found me now

[rearranging-deck-chairs]

french yaz appreciation hours

[j-esbian]

personally i feel like we should start reframing wages by how much you actually take home after taxes. i don’t make $16/hr. i make closer to $13/hr