#Napoléon Eugène

[walzerjahrhundert]

studio portrait of Napoléon Eugène, Prince Imperial

circa 1875

[duchesssoflennox]

”In the Arms of Empires: The Tender Tableaux of Napoleonic Motherhood”✨️❤️🤍

Napoleon-Era Maternal Portraits That Stole Hearts💗💗💗

[empirearchives]

“Nothing can add to the regard I have for you; my heart knows of nothing which is more dear to it than you; this regard is unalterable.”

— Napoleon in a letter to his stepson, Eugène.

They were actually relatively close in age, only 12 years between them. Eugène first joined Napoleon on campaign when he was 15 years old, and he died 3 years after Napoleon died.

[aisakalegacy]

Automne 1917, Hylewood, Canada (8/9)

Depuis le début de la guerre, la scène politique en Ontario est profondément influencée par les orangistes, qui sont fidèles à la monarchie et à l'Empire britannique. Les grands journaux de Toronto critiquent les Canadiens français pour ne pas contribuer à l'effort de guerre, et on nous impose depuis juillet le service militaire obligatoire… Quand on voit les efforts déployés par le R22eR, je trouve cela honteux.

A cause de sa politique francophobe, Ontario est la risée du Québec. Ils nous appellent « nos Boches à nous » et nous surnomment "Huntario", en référence aux invasions de peuples nomades au Moyen Âge… Quand on voit comment les Anglophones nous traitent, on comprend que nous soyons presque unanimement opposés à ce service et qu'il existe un si faible sentiment de loyauté des francophones pour le Canada.

Sur l’île, si on enlève ceux qui sont déjà en service, cette loi concernerait cinq hommes : mon beau-frère (alors qu’il a trois enfants, pensez-vous !), le mari de ma nièce Winie, le frère du jeune Zéphir (dont les malheureux parents font toujours le deuil), le Révérend de l’île (un homme d’église !), et un neveu de mon beau-frère. Cette loi n’est pas encore appliquée. Des élections fédérales vont avoir lieu en décembre, et nous en sauront davantage après cela.

[Transcription] Marie Le Bris : Sincèrement, Agathon, es-tu obligé de te montrer ainsi en spectacle ? On dirait que tu t’es coiffé avec un balais brosse. Si j’avais des cheveux comme les tiens, j’aurais au moins la décence de mettre une casquette. Winifred Bernard : Irène, chérie, ne court pas trop loin ! Jules Le Bris : Tout va bien, ma nièce ? Winifred Bernard : Bonsoir, mon oncle. J’aimerais profiter de ma soirée, mais mon aînée m’échappe comme une anguille. Eugénie Le Bris : Ah, les enfants, à cet âge là. Winifred Bernard : A qui le dites-vous ! Elle court partout, et je n’ai pas une minute de répit. Mais je ne peux pas la laisser sans surveillance. Jules Le Bris : Marie, toi qui te plaignais de t’ennuyer, ne veux-tu pas aller jouer avec ta cousine ? Marie Le Bris : C’est que je commence à m’habituer à l’ennui, et je tombe de sommeil, regardez comme mes yeux sont lourds. Non, je suis mieux ici. Eugénie Le Bris : Agathon, va jouer avec Irène. Vous avez pratiquement le même âge. Winifred Bernard : Laissez, Eugénie, Marie a raison, il se fait tard et la petite est fatiguée. C’est probablement pour cela qu’elle est si excitée. Je devrais rentrer la coucher. Quel dommage, je m’amusais beaucoup…

[histoireettralala]

Opéra Garnier- Style: Napoléon III

On January 5, 1875, the French president, Marshal MacMahon, formally inaugurated Charles Garnier's new opera house, which opened with a grand gala that included excerpts from several operas and a popular scene from the ballet Le Corsaire. But few were interested in the event's artistic offering. Instead, audience members eagerly anticipated the visual splendors that awaited them in the sumptuous building that would become known as the Opéra Garnier.

Early on the morning of the opera's opening night, hundreds of people gathered outside the doors, and by evening at least seven or eight thousand spectators were eagerly jammed together in the Place de l'Opéra, awaiting the glittering crowd that was about to arrive. It had been touch and go until the very last minute as to whether the building would be finished in time, and the magnificent red curtain with its gold fringe was fully installed only an hour before it was scheduled to rise. The guest list included luminaries from throughout France as well as Europe, including the Lord Mayor of London, who arrived in his gilt coach complete with sword bearer and footmen.

Without question, Paris was looking back at the Second Empire with this new opera house, but no one seemed to care. Napoleon III was long gone, and Paris was ready to be dazzled by Garnier's creation. How could it not be dazzled ? Garnier used marble of every hue, as well as acres of gilt-encrusted carvings. He then covered any remaining surfaces with paintings, glittering mosaics, and mirrors, lighting the whole fantasy with a city's worth of flickering chandeliers.

Vast and richly decorated foyers allowed audience members to stroll and mingle, but it was the Grand Staircase that was- and remains- the Opéra Garnier's special glory. Its opulent branching stairway led upward and outward to the golden foyers and the velvet-lined auditorium, but its very design was intended to serve as a stage in its own right, where lavishly dressed patrons could sweep up the broad stairs or lean on the balconies, posing to their hearts' content. Henry James was suitably impressed, even though he thought the staircase "a trifle vulgar." "If the world were ever reduced to the dominion of a single potentate," he added, "the foyer would do for his throne room."

Few on opening night probably remembered that without Baron Haussmann, there would have been no Avenue de l'Opéra, slicing its way through the business district to the opera's very door. And fewer yet probably remembered, or even cared, that the Avenue de l'Opéra was originally intended as a fast and direct route from the emperor's residence in the Tuileries Palace to the new Opéra- as a security measure following Napoleon III's narrow escape from assassination while en route to the old opera house on Rue Le Peletier.

Garnier had even designed his opera house with a private entrance built specifically for the emperor, to allow him to enter directly, without fear of dangerous encounters. But although Napoleon III never set foot here, Garnier's opera house would forever be linked with Napoleon III's golden and decadent empire. After all, when the Empress Eugénie complained to Garnier that his proposed edifice was "neither Greek nor Louis XIV nor even Louis XVI", Garnier is supposed to have replied: "Those styles have had their day. This is in the style of Napoleon III, Madame!"

The story may be apocryphal, but Garnier's answer, even if he never said it, was certainly the truth.

Mary McAuliffe - Dawn of the Belle Epoque- The Paris of Monet, Zola, Bernhardt, Eiffel, Debussy, Clemenceau and their friends.

[suyun-rengi]

Galata Sokağı (1842)  Rue de Galata (Constantinople) Eugène Napoléon Flandin

[josefavomjaaga]

Napoleon visits Bessières' castle (1810)

Elie Baudus in the first volume of his "Études sur Napoléon" has a description of Napoleon, after he had divorced Josephine, visiting Bessières' home. That's interesting insofar as Elie argues that Bessières' close friendship with the Beauharnais family had before gotten him in trouble with his master:

For a long time Napoleon had been haunted by the distressing thought that he would leave no direct heir to succeed him in this colossal empire, the creation of his genius. The empress's age meant that it was no longer conceivable that she would bear him children, so ideas of divorce had been on his mind since 1807. Some rumours about this project were spread during the trip he made to Italy shortly after returning from Tilsitt.

This journey to Italy happened not quite that shortly after Tilsit, actually, but only in late 1807 (November/December). At the same time as the preparations for the coup in Spain, by the way.

Marshal Bessières, who would always accompany him on such occasions, had been left in Paris to await the return of the guard, to lead it when it made its triumphal entry, to receive the celebrations that the capital intended to offer to these elite legions, and to preside over those that the guard was to give. The Marshal was very attached to the Beauharnais family. General Bonaparte, doing justice to Bessières' perfect manners and the noble qualities that distinguished him, had given him as a mentor to Eugène during the Egyptian campaign. After 18 Brumaire, this young man, in his capacity as colonel of the Guides, who had become the chasseurs à cheval of the consuls' guard, again found himself under the command of Bessières. The Marshal therefore learned with chagrin of the rumours that were spreading. Having acquired the certainty that the police were not uninvolved, he committed the noble imprudence of listening only to his initial impulse, went straight to Fouché, and confronted him with a very heated argument on the subject. His intimate conviction was, first of all, that the divorce would be an impolitic act; after that, he believed that the Emperor's attachment to Josephine was such that no consideration could decide him to pronounce it, and that consequently this prince had nothing to do with these manoeuvres.

When Napoleon returned, the Marshal was quickly proven wrong; the Emperor welcomed him coldly and immediately removed him from court by sending him to take up a command in Spain. The almost constant disfavour with which he was treated for several years proved to him that if Fouché had taken it upon himself to spread such rumours, at least he had not been disagreed with. Marshal Bessières was in South Beveland when the dissolution of Josephine's marriage to the Emperor was announced. On arriving in Paris in January 1810, he hastened to Malmaison to court the repudiated empress, and continued to be a regular visitor. Far from resenting him, the emperor seemed, on the contrary, to return some of the favour he had once shown him; he even chose this moment to spend two days at the Château de Grignon, owned by the marshal.

We have only had this one opportunity to see the emperor in his private life; we are going to recount how these two days passed. The character he displayed during these two days is quite unusual; besides, isn't everything of interest in the life of such a man?

Napoleon arrived at Grignon in the morning; his entourage was numerous; the King of Bavaria accompanied him, as well as the Queens of Naples and Holland and the Grand Duchess of Baden; then came the Prince de Neufchâtel, Grand Marshal Duroc, Marshals Moncey and Davoust, General Lauriston, Prince and Princess Aldobrandini Borghese, an equerry, a chamberlain, some officers of the hunt, the Duchesses of Bassano and Cassano, Madame de Broc and Mademoiselle de Mackau. When he got out of the carriage he went hunting; the park was very large and contained a lot of game; there was even a very fine pheasantry.

The emperor killed a large number of pheasants and partridges, but missed almost as many. Every time he fired his rifle, a hunting officer, standing next to him, whether the game fell or not, would still say "Broken wing, dangling thigh". Napoleon, who had misfired several times in succession, became impatient with this eternal refrain, and said at the last mention of a broken wing: "Well, go and fetch it". This order would have been difficult to carry out, because the bird was flying away. The clumsy courtier complied willingly and replied: "That's right, Sire, I was mistaken". After hunting for a few hours, the emperor retired to the appartment that had been prepared for him, and did not reappear until a few moments before dinner.

We do not know what whim had passed through the imperial mind, but Napoleon was already at table when he realised that he had forgotten to invite to dinner with him la Maréchale Duchesse d'Istrie, who had the honour of receiving him at her home, and, far from compensating her later for this singular distraction, he showed himself to be in a detestable mood towards her. Wanting to play the little game known as "le furet du bois joli", a piece of ribbon was needed; this was requested from Madame la Maréchale, who unfortunately did not have one in her possession; she enquired of all the other ladies to obtain it: Princess Aldobrandini was the only one who could provide her with this service. All these enquiries had taken a long time; so the emperor said to the maréchale, who presented it to him: "Since the time you have kept me waiting, you should have cut up all your dresses." - "Sire," replied this excellent woman, "if I had done so, it still would not have given you a single piece of ribbon." - We have never been able to find out the reasons for this rude behaviour on his part towards a woman of admirable and well-deserved reputation, who, sharing the Marshal's noble feelings, had not waited for his return to Paris before going to bring consolation to the august banished woman of Malmaison.

In the evening, the Marshal presented his aides-de-camp to the Emperor, who said to him on seeing the youngest: "Isn't it that little chap, Bessières, who, on the road to Wels, came to give me an inaccurate report about the direction you had made the cavalry take?" Despite the Marshal's protests, assuring him that the officer he was referring to was not at Grignon, he persisted for a long time in blaming this young man for the unfortunate blunder which was so close to his heart. In any case, he was only mistaken about the face of the culprit, for the fact was correct.

Afterwards there was dancing; everyone took part, whether they liked it or not, in this kind of entertainment, even the King of Bavaria, to whom the emperor said rather brusquely: "King of Bavaria, dance". And this monarch, then aged fifty-five, with a roundness that must have made this exercise very painful for him, hastened to take a dancer and place himself at one of the quadrilles. However, Napoleon had no grudge to satisfy against this sovereign at the time, so it did not occur to him to imitate our good Henry IV, who quickly made the king of the League, the Duke of Mayenne, walk through his park of Monceaux in revenge for the embarrassments the latter had caused him. But that was how Napoleon treated his vassal kings. No one, moreover, escaped his singular fantasies in this regard; the hero of Auerstædt and Ekmülh, whose appearance and manners were not particularly suited to this kind of pleasure, was also obliged to take part.

Though Davout apparently loved to waltz. It may just have been the wrong dance for him.

Not even the old duchess of Cassano, lady-in-waiting to the queen of Naples, who vainly objected to the dancer Napoleon sent her that she had given up dancing thirty years ago; she had to appear in a quadrille: the emperor wanted it that way. The public was not misled when it was said that the tune of Monaco was the one he preferred to any other, for it was repeated every time the emperor danced. The evening ended with the figure known as le grand-père.

Apparently Napoleon spent a good night because his attitude seems to have changed completely the next morning:

The day passed in much the same way as the day before, with the difference that Napoleon was constantly friendly to everyone and surprisingly cheerful for a man whose mind was always occupied with serious matters. The next day, at eight o'clock in the morning (it was winter at the time), it was unexpectedly announced that the emperor was leaving for Rambouillet; all the ladies who were travelling were obliged to throw themselves into the carriage, having barely had time to put on a dress. This sudden awakening, this lack of toiletries, did them no favours; there were only a few among them whose beauty, already tired by too many vigils, nevertheless triumphed over this harsh ordeal; we will mention the Queen of Naples, Madame de Broc and Princess Aldobrandini.

[dailyoverview]

The street plan and distinctive appearance of central Paris, France is largely due to the vast public works program commissioned by Emperor Napoléon III and directed by Georges-Eugène Haussmann, between 1853 and 1870. Haussmann’s renovation of Paris included the demolition of crowded and unhealthy medieval neighborhoods and the building of broad, diagonal avenues, parks, squares, sewers, fountains, and aqueducts. Both the Eiffel Tower and Arc de Triomphe are visible in this Overview.

48.865797°, 2.330882°

Source imagery: Maxar

[yaggy031910]

The napoleonic marshal‘s children

After seeing @josefavomjaaga’s and @northernmariette’s marshal calendar, I wanted to do a similar thing for all the marshal’s children! So I did! I hope you like it. c: I listed them in more or less chronological order but categorised them in years (especially because we don‘t know all their birthdays). At the end of this post you are going to find remarks about some of the marshals because not every child is listed! ^^“ To the question about the sources: I mostly googled it and searched their dates in Wikipedia, ahaha. Nevertheless, I also found this website. However, I would be careful with it. We are talking about history and different sources can have different dates. I am always open for corrections. Just correct me in the comments if you find or know a trustful source which would show that one or some of the dates are incorrect. At the end of the day it is harmless fun and research. :) Pre 1790

François Étienne Kellermann (4 August 1770- 2 June 1835) 

Marguerite Cécile Kellermann (15 March 1773 - 12 August 1850)

Ernestine Grouchy (1787–1866)

Mélanie Marie Josèphe de Pérignon (1788 - 1858)

Alphonse Grouchy (1789–1864)

Jean-Baptiste Sophie Pierre de Pérignon (1789- 14 January 1807)

Marie Françoise Germaine de Pérignon (1789 - 15 May 1844)

Angélique Catherine Jourdan (1789 or 1791 - 7 March 1879)

1790 - 1791

Marie-Louise Oudinot (1790–1832)

Marie-Anne Masséna (8 July 1790 - 1794)

Charles Oudinot (1791 - 1863)

Aimee-Clementine Grouchy (1791–1826)

Anne-Francoise Moncey (1791–1842)

1792 - 1793

Bon-Louis Moncey (1792–1817)

Victorine Perrin (1792–1822)

Anne-Charlotte Macdonald (1792–1870)

François Henri de Pérignon (23 February 1793 - 19 October 1841)

Jacques Prosper Masséna (25 June 1793 - 13 May 1821)

1794 - 1795

Victoire Thècle Masséna (28 September 1794 - 18 March 1857)

Adele-Elisabeth Macdonald (1794–1822)

Marguerite-Félécité Desprez (1795-1854); adopted by Sérurier

Nicolette Oudinot (1795–1865)

Charles Perrin (1795–15 March 1827)

1796 - 1997

Emilie Oudinot (1796–1805)

Victor Grouchy (1796–1864)

Napoleon-Victor Perrin (24 October 1796 - 2 December 1853)

Jeanne Madeleine Delphine Jourdan (1797-1839)

1799

François Victor Masséna (2 April 1799 - 16 April 1863)

Joseph François Oscar Bernadotte (4 July 1799 – 8 July 1859)

Auguste Oudinot (1799–1835)

Caroline de Pérignon (1799-1819)

Eugene Perrin (1799–1852)

1800

Nina Jourdan (1800-1833)

Caroline Mortier de Trevise (1800–1842)

1801

Achille Charles Louis Napoléon Murat (21 January 1801 - 15 April 1847)

Louis Napoléon Lannes (30 July 1801 – 19 July 1874)

Elise Oudinot (1801–1882)

1802

Marie Letizia Joséphine Annonciade Murat (26 April 1802 - 12 March 1859)

Alfred-Jean Lannes (11 July 1802 – 20 June 1861)

Napoléon Bessière (2 August 1802 - 21 July 1856)

Paul Davout (1802–1803)

Napoléon Soult (1802–1857)

1803

Marie-Agnès Irma de Pérignon (5 April 1803 - 16 December 1849)

Joseph Napoléon Ney (8 May 1803 – 25 July 1857)

Lucien Charles Joseph Napoléon Murat (16 May 1803 - 10 April 1878)

Jean-Ernest Lannes (20 July 1803 – 24 November 1882)

Alexandrine-Aimee Macdonald (1803–1869)

Sophie Malvina Joséphine Mortier de Trévise ( 1803 - ???)

1804

Napoléon Mortier de Trévise (6 August 1804 - 29 December 1869)

Michel Louis Félix Ney (24 August 1804 – 14 July 1854)

Gustave-Olivier Lannes (4 December 1804 – 25 August 1875)

Joséphine Davout (1804–1805)

Hortense Soult (1804–1862)

Octavie de Pérignon (1804-1847)

1805

Louise Julie Caroline Murat (21 March 1805 - 1 December 1889)

Antoinette Joséphine Davout (1805 – 19 August 1821)

Stephanie-Josephine Perrin (1805–1832)

1806

Josephine-Louise Lannes (4 March 1806 – 8 November 1889)

Eugène Michel Ney (12 July 1806 – 25 October 1845)

Edouard Moriter de Trévise (1806–1815)

Léopold de Pérignon (1806-1862)

1807

Adèle Napoleone Davout (June 1807 – 21 January 1885)

Jeanne-Francoise Moncey (1807–1853)

1808: Stephanie Oudinot (1808-1893) 1809: Napoleon Davout (1809–1810)

1810: Napoleon Alexander Berthier (11 September 1810 – 10 February 1887)

1811

Napoleon Louis Davout (6 January 1811 - 13 June 1853)

Louise-Honorine Suchet (1811 – 1885)

Louise Mortier de Trévise (1811–1831)

1812

Edgar Napoléon Henry Ney (12 April 1812 – 4 October 1882)

Caroline-Joséphine Berthier (22 August 1812 – 1905)

Jules Davout (December 1812 - 1813)

1813: Louis-Napoleon Suchet (23 May 1813- 22 July 1867/77)

1814: Eve-Stéphanie Mortier de Trévise (1814–1831) 1815

Marie Anne Berthier (February 1815 - 23 July 1878)

Adelaide Louise Davout (8 July 1815 – 6 October 1892)

Laurent François or Laurent-Camille Saint-Cyr (I found two almost similar names with the same date so) (30 December 1815 – 30 January 1904)

1816: Louise Marie Oudinot (1816 - 1909)

1817

Caroline Oudinot (1817–1896)

Caroline Soult (1817–1817)

1819: Charles-Joseph Oudinot (1819–1858)

1820: Anne-Marie Suchet (1820 - 27 May 1835) 1822: Henri Oudinot ( 3 February 1822 – 29 July 1891) 1824: Louis Marie Macdonald (11 November 1824 - 6 April 1881.) 1830: Noemie Grouchy (1830–1843) —————— Children without clear birthdays:

Camille Jourdan (died in 1842)

Sophie Jourdan (died in 1820)

Additional remarks: - Marshal Berthier died 8.5 months before his last daughter‘s birth. - Marshal Oudinot had 11 children and the age difference between his first and last child is around 32 years. - The age difference between marshal Grouchy‘s first and last child is around 43 years. - Marshal Lefebvre had fourteen children (12 sons, 2 daughters) but I couldn‘t find anything kind of reliable about them so they are not listed above. I am aware that two sons of him were listed in the link above. Nevertheless, I was uncertain to name them in my list because I thought that his last living son died in the Russian campaign while the website writes about the possibility of another son dying in 1817. - Marshal Augerau had no children. - Marshal Brune had apparently adopted two daughters whose names are unknown. - Marshal Pérignon: I couldn‘t find anything about his daughters, Justine, Elisabeth and Adèle, except that they died in infancy. - Marshal Sérurier had no biological children but adopted Marguerite-Félécité Desprez in 1814. - Marshal Marmont had no children. - I found out that marshal Saint-Cyr married his first cousin, lol. - I didn‘t find anything about marshal Poniatowski having children. Apparently, he wasn‘t married either (thank you, @northernmariette for the correction of this fact! c:)

[nobility-art]

Portrait of Napoleon III

Artist: Franz Xaver Winterhalter  (German, 1805–1873)

Genre: Portrait

Depicted People: Napoleon III

Date: circa 1853

Medium: Oil on Canvas

Collection: Napoleonic Museum, Rome, Italy

Napoleon III (Charles-Louis Napoléon Bonaparte; 20 April 1808 – 9 January 1873) was the first president of France from 1848 to 1852, and the last monarch of France as the second Emperor of the French from 1852 until he was deposed on 4 September 1870.

Prior to his reign, Napoleon III was known as Louis Napoleon Bonaparte. He was born in Paris as the son of Louis Bonaparte, King of Holland (r. 1806–1810), and Hortense de Beauharnais. Napoleon I was Louis Napoleon's paternal uncle, and one of his cousins was the disputed Napoleon II. Louis Napoleon was the first and only president of the French Second Republic, elected in 1848. He seized power by force in 1851 when he could not constitutionally be re-elected. He later proclaimed himself Emperor of the French and founded the Second Empire, reigning until the defeat of the French Army and his capture by Prussia and its allies at the Battle of Sedan in 1870.

Napoleon III was a popular monarch who oversaw the modernization of the French economy and filled Paris with new boulevards and parks. He expanded the French colonial empire, made the French merchant navy the second largest in the world, and personally engaged in two wars. Maintaining leadership for 22 years, he was the longest-reigning French head of state since the fall of the Ancien Régime, although his reign would ultimately end on the battlefield.

Napoleon III commissioned a grand reconstruction of Paris carried out by prefect of the Seine, Baron Georges-Eugène Haussmann. He expanded and consolidated the railway system throughout the nation and modernized the banking system. Napoleon promoted the building of the Suez Canal and established modern agriculture, which ended famines in France and made the country an agricultural exporter. He negotiated the 1860 Cobden–Chevalier Free Trade Agreement with Britain and similar agreements with France's other European trading partners. Social reforms included giving French workers the right to strike, the right to organize, and the right for women to be admitted to a French university.

In foreign policy, Napoleon III aimed to reassert French influence in Europe and around the world. In Europe, he allied with Britain and defeated Russia in the Crimean War (1853–1856). His regime assisted Italian unification by defeating the Austrian Empire in the Second Italian War of Independence and later annexed Savoy and Nice through the Treaty of Turin as its deferred reward. At the same time, his forces defended the Papal States against annexation by Italy. He was also favourable towards the 1859 union of the Danubian Principalities, which resulted in the establishment of the United Principalities of Moldavia and Wallachia. Napoleon doubled the area of the French colonial empire with expansions in Asia, the Pacific, and Africa. On the other hand, the intervention in Mexico, which aimed to create a Second Mexican Empire under French protection, ended in total failure.

From 1866, Napoleon had to face the mounting power of Prussia as its minister president Otto von Bismarck sought German unification under Prussian leadership. In July 1870, Napoleon reluctantly declared war on Prussia after pressure from the general public. The French Army was rapidly defeated, and Napoleon was captured at Sedan. He was swiftly dethroned and the Third Republic was proclaimed in Paris. After he was released from German custody, he went into exile in England, where he died in 1873.

[lejournalfaitmain]

Le Paris d’Haussmann

Georges-Eugène Haussmann (1809-1891), était un fonctionnaire français choisi par l’empereur Napoléon III pour rénover et renouveler une grande partie du centre de Paris afin de le rendre plus au goût du jour.

Le premier projet visait à améliorer l’assainissement, l’approvisionnement en eau et la circulation routière à Paris. La population de la Ville Lumière ayant doublé, les améliorations comprenaient une nouvelle division de la carte pour inclure huit arrondissements, ou districts, supplémentaires, et de nouveaux égouts ont été installés. Deux nouvelles gares, un marché, un hôpital et l’Opéra de Paris ont été construits et quatre autres parcs ont été créés. Les bâtiments anciens ont été détruits pour être remplacés par un style spécifique d’architecture néoclassique, tous de même hauteur et revêtus de pierre de couleur crème, pour créer une apparence uniforme sur les boulevards parisiens. Il a traité les bâtiments non pas comme indépendants, mais comme des éléments d’un paysage unifié. Ce style d’architecture est devenu connu sous le nom de style haussmannien.

Le rez-de-chaussée est généralement réservé aux commerces, tout comme la mezzanine. Les deuxième, troisième et quatrième étages sont des unités résidentielles et le cinquième étage dispose d’un seul balcon continu. Le toit mansardé, incliné à 45°, était occupé par des locataires à revenus plus modestes et des concierges.

À l’extérieur, des portes cochères pavées de pierre qui communiquent avec une cour servaient d’entrées à la noblesse pour entrer avec ses calèches.

Les cheminées qui servaient à l’origine au chauffage symbolisent désormais les toits emblématiques de Paris dans les films. À noter également que les minuscules balcons offrent certaines des plus belles vues de Paris.

Les intérieurs présentent généralement des parquets à chevrons, des moulures en plâtre élaborées, de hautes fenêtres, des armoires et des étagères intégrées, des cheminées en marbre et des portes françaises. C’est l’appartement par excellence du style parisien.

Comment reproduire ce style néoclassique typiquement parisien

Si jamais vous désirez ajouter un peu de charme haussmannien à votre propre appartement, pensez à investir dans un miroir au cadre doré. Il est généralement placé au-dessus de la cheminée en marbre, mais vous pouvez choisir un miroir pleine longueur pour votre vestiaire dans votre chambre. Ajoutez également des chandeliers dorés ou des plafonniers assortis. La plupart des murs sont généralement blancs, ce qui peut rendre les choses un peu plus faciles pour les locataires soumis aux restrictions de leurs propriétaires.

Si votre budget le permet, introduisez une cheminée en marbre ornementée dans votre salon, ainsi que des moulures en plâtre élaborées et des parquets en bois chaleureux. Cela donne une touche européenne à la pièce et augmente la valeur potentielle de la propriété sur le marché immobilier. Associez la cheminée en marbre à un vase en porcelaine avec vos fleurs préférées pour une touche romantique.

[classicalcanvas]

Title: Eugénie, Empress of the French holding her son Napoléon Eugène, Prince Impérial

Artist: Franz Xaver Winterhalter

Date: 1857

Style: Rococo

Genre: Portrait

[adelemadouce]

The Sacrilege of Fontainebleau Part 1

A few days after the scandal at court, Églée *Madame la Maréchal* Ney visited me early one morning while I was having breakfast. I had not had to appear at the Tuileries again since that dramatic day, which I was very happy about. Églée hugged me. She was wearing a dark green hunting costume and smelled of cloves. "Have you gotten over the shock yet? I can reassure you...everything is fine again! There is no divorce, they have reconciled!" I offered Églée a seat, but she declined. "I must go soon, my dear, I must accompany them both to Fontainebleau. The Emperor wants to welcome the Pope!" She took my hands and looked at me sadly. "The Empress asked me to calm you down and ask you to quickly forget the ugly scene! She knows that you are afraid of the Emperor!" I shook my head slightly and said: "Ohh!" Églée immediately smiled and her sad expression turned into a mischievous grin. "The Empress told me what had happened... she had caught the Emperor and Élisabeth in flagrante delicto in the Emperor's secret boudoir. She had never before seen him so angry... he threw a chair at her! Imagine! That's why she ran away. Later they continued to shout at each other until Hortense came and was able to end the argument. And then Eugène came too...and the Emperor started to cry. Then everyone cried together, and in the end everything was forgiven and forgotten. That night the Emperor went to bed with Joséphine and gave her his love, which she longed for so much...she told me!" Églée giggled. "But the best is yet to come...Rémusat told us what Joséphine had to witness when she caught the Emperor in flagranti with de Vaudey!" I looked up at Églée expectantly. She was enjoying what she was saying. "...she saw that Élisabeth had her head in the Emperor's lap!" My mouth formed a silent O, although I had no idea what it meant that Élisabeth had her head in the Emperor's lap?! "She probably wanted to force his forgiveness for her suicide-lie! But as you can see her tricks didn't help her. Élisabeth handed in her resignation to the Emperor...I feel sorry for her. But she just wasn't a good fit for us!" Églée hugged me again. "I'm just curious who will be his next...Well, I have to go. Au revoir, my sweet!" And then Églée disappeared. To Fontainebleau!

After her visit, I went back to my bedroom to choose a dress for the day. I glanced at a portrait of the Emperor when he was still General Bonaparte. There was already talk at court that I had a picture of him in my bedroom. But I didn't care! I love this picture and enjoy looking at it. My maid Camille came in. "Are you going out today, Madame?" She smiled. Camille was a nice girl, always in a good mood. I sat down in front of the dressing mirror and Camille started to brush my hair. "No," I replied. "In this bad weather I like to stay at home and dream in front of the fireplace." I looked at the portrait of Napoléon and sighed. "Camille, can I ask you something?" She looked at me in the mirror. "Of course, Madame. Just ask!" I thought for a moment about how I wanted to phrase my question. "When you watch a woman lay her head in a man's lap...what does that mean?" Camille stopped brushing my hair. "Do you know what I mean," I asked. Camille nodded. "I know what you mean, Madame...but it's somewhat tricky to answer your question!" I turned my head to her. "Why?" She lowered her hand with the brush. "It is really very delicate, Madame! Well, then...when a woman puts her head in a man's lap, she satisfies him...with her mouth!" I opened my eyes wide because I couldn't believe it! "You mean she has his...member...in her mouth?!" Camille brushed my hair vigorously. "Mais oui, Madame! This kind of lovemaking is as old as the world!"

And I once again hadn't known it! I felt myself blushing. What an unworldly fool I was! "Have you done it before, Camille?" She laughed. "Pardon, Madame...but I won't answer that!" Now, I was being indiscreet... I sighed again and looked at the portrait. I imagined Élisabeth kneeling before the Emperor and singing...avanti...mia dolce ragazza...facciamo l'amore...subito...

Suddenly a flash shot through my head! I saw myself in the mirror and jumped up: "It was him! It was him!!!" Camille was frightened. But I left her standing there and ran over to the nursery. My little Napoléon was just having his breakfast. I held out my arms to the wet nurse. "Please give him to me, just a moment!" I took my boy from her breast and cradled him tenderly in my arms. I cried. "My darling...my little imperial darling!" I went with him into my bedroom and stood in front of the portrait. "You are his son! The Emperor is your Papa!" I said quietly and kissed his forehead. Camille seemed very frightened by my strange behavior. "Should I take him back, Madame? He's probably still hungry?" I kissed my son again and gave her the child. "Yes. Please leave me alone for a moment!"

When Camille closed the door behind her, I burst into tears. It took me a quarter of an hour to recover from the shock of my discovery. And I recalled - that night in La Malmaison, it was the First Consul who crept up behind me, grabbed me, made love to me and impregnated me! Because Napoléon, the Emperor, knew the Italian words that the man had whispered in my ear! He, Napoléon, was the father of my child! But what if I was wrong? What if the man that night was someone else? I knew immediately that I would only find my inner peace again if I had certainty. And there was only one person who could give me this certainty! I had to go to him, to Fontainebleau!

I calmed down more and more, I wanted to think logically and not make any mistakes. I had to go to Fontainebleau, as a woman, alone, without a passport, without protection! It was impossible!

Impossible? As a woman, yes! But not as a man! I will go to Fontainebleau as a man!

First I needed men's clothing. It occurred to me that our gardener never took his work clothes home with him, but left them in the shed. Of course I could have stolen clothes from Duchâtel, he wasn't at home and wouldn't have noticed anyway. But my sense of honor was not satisfied with this, and besides, his clothes were too fine for such an adventure. So I quickly put on a house dress and went out to the coach house. I found some trousers, a jacket and a black hat. I would wear two bed-jackets as a shirt, that would be warm enough. I took our gardener's clothes and brought them to Camille. "Can you wash these for me, please? And hang them in front of the fire. It must be dry by tomorrow morning!" Next I went to Duchâtel's study. I needed a map showing the barrieres! I immediately found the right map, took it into my bedroom, rolled it out on my bed and studied the route to Fontainebleau. I also needed money! In my jewelry box I found several hundred Francs and a few gold Louis! I put everything in a little money bag that I would wear around my neck. I'm thinking of taking a small knife with me, just in case... I was able to hide it in the shaft of my riding boots. Then I thought of something that might be helpful: the paper with my oath as lady-in-waiting bore the imperial seal. This seal would open doors for me! I foldet the paper and put it in a bag, with the map. In the evening I told Monsieur Copin that I needed him with the little carriage at six o'clock in the next morning. So, I was prepared and ready! Camille was watching me. "I'll explain everything to you when I get back," I said to her. "Should I be afraid for you, Madame?" I stroked her cheek. "No!"

[detournementsmineurs]

"Jardin de l'Impératrice Eugénie" (ouvert au public depuis 2007) devant l'entrée de la "Fondation Eugène Napoléon" construite par l'architecte Jacques-Ignace Hittorff (1856) - ancien orphelinat du Faubourg Saint-Antoine à Paris - février 2024.

[microcosme11]

Prince Eugène Napoléon

[empiredesimparte]

How many Kids will your Next Generation have? Can you share their names?

Hello Anon, what a question! I think I'll have to be mysterious… That's the best answer I can give.

Nevertheless, as far as names are concerned, I will certainly draw my inspiration from Napoleonic names.

For a boy: Napoléon, Joseph, Louis, Charles, Jérôme, Eugène, Félix, Victor ... For a girl: Marie, Pauline, Caroline, Joséphine, Hortense, Élisa, Catherine ...

Tell me which ones you like the most, maybe I can use them as inspiration for the third generation