#Rough Wooing

[scotianostra]

On February 27th 1545 the Battle of Ancrum Moor took place.

This was a battle during the "Rough Wooing" as King Henry VIII of England tried to persuade the Scots that the 3 year old Mary Queen of Scots to marry his son. The decisive Scottish victory would put a temporary end to English incursions into the Scottish border and lowlands.

After failed negotiation with the Scottish king, in October 1542 Henry VIII sent an English army some 20,000 into Scotland, where they burnt Kelso and Roxburgh. In reply, James V of Scotland raised an army of some 18,000 troops in the west and headed for Carlisle, but was defeated in November at Solway Moss by a much smaller English force. After the death of James V, Henry aimed to unify the two kingdoms by seeking the marriage of the then, one year old Scottish Queen Mary to his own son, Prince Edward. When his proposals failed he pursued the matter through force of arms - the so called 'rough wooing'.

As part of this campaign, in February 1545 two of Henry's northern commanders, Euer and Laiton, again crossed the border, this time with some 5000 troops. The army plundered Melrose town and burn down the abbey, then returned towards Jedburgh. In response the Earl of Angus raised local forces. At first outnumbered, he manoeuvred but would not engage the invaders. Once joined by other forces, including the Earl of Arran, he had more than 1200 troops. The Scots now considered their army strong enough to act and at Ancrum Moor they totally defeated the far larger English army.

The photos show Lilliards Stone, or Lady Lilliards Stone, as it is sometimes called it marks where the battle took place and also commemorates a Teviotdale girl name Lilliard who to avenge the death of her lover slain by the Earl of Hereford's English troops at an earlier point took part in the Battle of Ancrum Moor until she fell with many wounds.

[rabbitcruiser]

The Burning of Edinburgh by an English army on May 7, 1544 was the first action of the Rough Wooing.

[poniatowskaja]

It was with confidence, then, that Ralph Eure and his colleagues carried out their campaign of destruction into 1545; in the apparently supine state of the country it was easy work, and Eure had the incentive of a guarantee from his king that he could have whatever land he conquered in Teviotdale and the East March. Angus, when he heard of this, observed grimly that he personally would be prepared to witness the title deeds, with a sharp pen and in red ink. In the meantime, he intended to take care of those Scottish Borderers who were lending assistance to England. He set out south in February 1545 to read a lesson to the Crosers, Nixons and their fellows, and especially to the Teviotdale renegades. Eure, seeing his Scottish reiver allies in danger, hurried over the Border to protect them; he led a force of 3000 riders, which seemed ample, since Angus (and Arran, who accompanied him) had a bare 300 lances, which he brought to Melrose. Eure, lying at Jedburgh, made a night foray against him, but the wily Angus and his riders were off into the hills, and stayed there, scouting Eure’s fore as it plundered round Melrose and then retired. Eure, confident in his strength, mopped up the tower of Broomhouse, where an old lady and her family are said to have been burned alive, while Angus, now reinforced by Scott of Buccleuch’s riders and a detachment of Fife cavalry, hung at his heels and waited. Whatever his personal defects, Angus was second to none in the rough-and-tumble of Border warfare; he was in effect conducting a large-scale hot trod in his own way, and he waited until Eure was where he wanted him, on the moor just north of Ancrum a bare five miles from Jedburgh. Skilfully he outflanked Eure’s line of march, dismounted his riders, and waited for the English force to reach him. Using the ground, on Buccleuch’s advice, he managed to conceal the full size of his little army, and Eure’s mixed battalions of English and Scottish Borderers hurried on to get to grips; they were tired and heavy with plunder, and when they ran into Angus’s ambush, with the setting sun and the smoke of their own gunfire hitting them full in the face, Eure realised his mistake. His charge was turned into a shambles as it met the Scottish lances, and as his force fell back in disorder he learned the bitterest lesson of all – the unwisdom of trusting Border reivers. His Scottish riders, who could read the course of a battle as well as Eure himself, tore off their red crosses and turned on their English allies; caught before the solid mass of Angus’s men and with treachery in his midst, Eure could only sell his life as dearly as possible, for he did not expect quarter. He and Laiton died fighting in the press, and his followers were cut down in hundreds; at least a thousand are said to have been taken prisoner, including a London alderman named Read who had been sent to fight the Scots as punishment for failing to pay a levy demanded by King Henry; in the long run his ransom cost him more than the levy would have done. When it was over, Arran walked among the corpses, and was shown Eure’s body. He looked down at the dead man, whose prowess as a fighting soldier had been unsurpassed, and whose savagery had made him the most hated rider in the Border country. “God have mercy on him,” said Arran, “for he was a fell cruel man.” Then he wept for the dead. Angus asked him was he merry, and Arran replied: “My lord, I am much the merrier for you,” embraced Angus, and apologised for ever mistrusting him. Ancrum Moor was not a big battle, but it had an importance beyond its size. It received much publicity in France, and many months later an English resident there reported that, hearing the French rejoicing over some apparently new victory by the Scots against the English, he had investigated and discovered that it was just the story of Ancrum Moor being retold yet again.

George MacDonald Fraser, The Steel Bonnets: The Story of the Anglo-Scottish Border Reivers, 260-261

[deadl-ine]

Amy & some ghosty friends

And some bonus animated Amy’s 🌹

[harvestmoth]

there are many benefits to being a marine biologist

[aylinaliens]

WHATEVER OUR SOULS ARE MADE OF, HIS AND MINE ARE THE SAME  — Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte

[eishaleexx]

ruh roh sexy lawyer with big nose, veiny hands, and big tired eyes alert

show me a picture of any man with a big nose and ill EAT that shit up

[dare-g]

Headed to a 12 hour horror movie marathon at the theaters soon! Tbh I can't remember the time I've pulled an all nighter so I hope I can make it! Anyway here's the line up 💀

[mmmwafflesart]

I just want to say I love your art and art style especially your skyward sword content <3

thank you!

[scotianostra]

On September 10th 1547 the Battle of Pinkie Cleugh was fought near Edinburgh.

Isolated since his break from Rome and Catholic Europe Henry VIII sought to secure his northern borders though an alliance with Scotland. Henry’s proposal involved the marriage of his son, Prince Edward to the young Mary Queen of Scots.

When the Scottish Parliament rejected Henry’s overtures, he sought to change their mind through a show of force by waging war in what became known as the ‘Rough Wooing’.

When Henry died in 1547, the Duke of Somerset, uncle to the new King Edward VI, was now effectively ruling England as its Lord Protector. Like Henry, Somerset continued with Henry's policy, and so the Rough Wooing would continue, but this time it would get really rough!

Somerset gathered the English army at Berwick before marching his force of around 18,000 men north, along the east coast road to Edinburgh, shadowed along the coast be some 30 war ships.

It fell to the Earl of Arran to organise the Scottish defences, who managed to muster an army estimated at 22,000 strong in response to the English invasion. Moving out of Edinburgh, Arran organised his troops on the west bank of the River Esk, blocking Somerset’s march on the Scottish capital. With the Firth of Forth to his left, he sited some of his artillery pieces out into the estuary to try and keep the English warships at bay.

The main action began on 10th September 1547 with a charge by the English cavalry which was driven off by the Scottish pikemen.

The artillery pieces from both sides were now brought into the action, including the canons from the English ships lying offshore. Battered now from three sides and unable to respond, the Scottish resistance began to crumble.

In the last pitched battle to be fought between English and Scottish armies, the English offered precious little mercy to the retreating Scots. Estimates claim Scottish losses at around 6,000, earning this epic defeat the title of ‘Black Saturday’.

As for the wooing, the infant Queen Mary was smuggled out of Scotland to France, where she would later marry Francis, Dauphin of France, in 1558.

[tainted-sweet-meats]

mmm my oc Rodney :3c

[darkdragon768]

Needed to sketch down some pokemon for future events in my pmd story.

[saltedsolenoid]

an INCREDIBLY rough draft for the map of foxglove creek, the main setting of together in hell. it's made from four images because. um. that's just how i did it

apologies for the bad handwriting and thin lines, since i'll be touching this whole thing up soon i'm not bothering to make it better... sorry!

[slautertm]

it’s a small fun fact. you reading this. are a wonderful cool fantastic badass. i love you lots. and i’m challenging you to do something special to treat yourself today ❤️

[getallemeralds]

graphic design is my passion

[doyunhos]

i would like to thank not only the eaw writers but also jesus for blessing me w/ not having to see minwoo and suyeon actually date