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merletastic · 3 months

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Recognizing Stress And Anxiety: Reasons, Signs, and Effective Coping Techniques

Stress and anxiety is an usual psychological health problem that affects millions of people worldwide. It is defined by sensations of unease, fear, and fear that can substantially impact a person's daily life. Understanding the causes, signs and symptoms, and reliable coping methods for anxiousness is essential for both people that experience it and those supporting them.Anxiety can be

triggered by a range of variables, including genetics, brain chemistry, and life experiences. Some people might have a greater threat of developing anxiousness as a result of a family members history of the condition. In addition, discrepancies in mind chemicals, such as serotonin, can add to the start of anxiousness. Terrible occasions, chronic tension, or ongoing demanding scenarios can additionally trigger stress and anxiety signs and symptoms. It is very important to recognize that anxiousness is a genuine medical condition and not just a result of personal weakness or lack of willpower.Recognizing the signs and symptoms of anxiety is critical in looking for suitable help and assistance. Common signs and symptoms consist of excessive troubling, uneasyness, irritability, problem focusing, sleep disruptions, and physical signs and symptoms like boosted heart rate, chest rigidity, and lack of breath. Anxiousness can show up in a different way in each person, and it is vital to seek advice from a healthcare professional for a precise diagnosis.The great news is that there are countless reliable coping methods for managing anxiousness. These might include therapy, such as cognitive-behavioral treatment(CBT), which assists individuals identify and alter adverse thought patterns and behaviors. Leisure strategies, such as deep breathing workouts, reflection, and yoga exercise, can also be useful in minimizing anxiousness symptoms. Regular physical task and preserving a healthy lifestyle, including a well balanced diet regimen and adequate sleep, can add to general well-being and aid handle stress and anxiety. Furthermore, individuals may profit from support teams or on-line areas where they can get in touch with others who share comparable experiences.In final thought, recognizing anxiousness, its causes, signs and symptoms, and reliable coping techniques is important in managing this common mental health condition.

By seeking appropriate help and support, people can improve their lifestyle and find effective means to navigate the challenges anxiousness offers. Remember, you are not the only one, and there is help readily available to assist you in conquering stress and anxiety and living a satisfying life.

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professionalpsychiatrist · 8 months

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The Impact of Exercise on Mental Well-Being

1. Mood Enhancement

Exercise triggers the release of endorphins, often referred to as “feel-good” hormones. Endorphins are natural mood lifters that can generate a sense of happiness and contentment. Engaging in physical activity, even for a short period, can help alleviate feelings of sadness and boost your overall mood.

2. Stress Reduction

Stress is a common part of life, but regular exercise can be a powerful tool in managing and reducing stress. Physical activity helps your body release pent-up tension and reduces the production of stress hormones, like cortisol. This results in a calmer and more relaxed state of mind.

3. Anxiety Management

Exercise has been shown to be effective in managing anxiety, including generalized anxiety disorder and social anxiety. Physical activity can redirect your focus away from anxious thoughts and provide a sense of control over your body, which can be empowering.

4. Enhanced Cognitive Function

Exercise has a positive impact on cognitive function, including memory, attention, and problem-solving skills. Regular physical activity can improve your ability to think clearly, which can be especially helpful during times of stress or when you’re facing mental challenges.

5. Sleep Improvement

Sleep and mental well-being are closely connected. Regular exercise can help regulate your sleep patterns, making it easier to fall asleep and experience deep, restorative rest. Improved sleep, in turn, contributes to better mental health.

6. Increased Self-Esteem

Engaging in exercise and achieving personal fitness goals can boost your self-esteem and self-confidence. As you see progress in your physical abilities, it can have a positive impact on how you perceive yourself and your capabilities.

7. Social Interaction

Many forms of exercise, such as team sports, group fitness classes, or hiking clubs, involve social interaction. These activities can provide opportunities for building social connections and support networks, reducing feelings of isolation and loneliness.

8. Emotion Regulation

Exercise can help you better regulate your emotions. It provides an outlet for pent-up emotions, and the discipline and routine of exercise can teach you to manage your reactions to challenging situations.

9. Decreased Symptoms of Depression

Regular exercise is often recommended as an adjunct to traditional treatments for depression. It can reduce symptoms of depression by influencing the release of neurotransmitters like serotonin and norepinephrine, which play a role in mood regulation.

10. Positive Body Image

As you engage in regular physical activity, you may develop a more positive body image. This shift in perspective can lead to greater self-acceptance and improved mental well-being.

11. Coping with Trauma

Exercise can be a valuable tool in coping with trauma and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Physical activity can provide a way to release trauma-related tension and stress, promoting emotional healing.

12. Empowerment

Achieving fitness goals through exercise can empower individuals to feel more in control of their lives, fostering a sense of achievement and resilience.

In summary, exercise offers a multitude of benefits for your mental well-being, from mood enhancement and stress reduction to improved self-esteem and cognitive function. It’s not necessary to engage in strenuous workouts; even moderate physical activity can have a positive impact. The key is to find an exercise routine that you enjoy and can maintain consistently. By incorporating exercise into your lifestyle, you can enhance your mental health and enjoy the many rewards of a healthier mind and body.

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ameliawilson0245 · 11 months

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Breaking Free from Anxiety: Innovative Treatment Solutions in Irvine

Introduction: Anxiety is a prevalent mental health condition that affects millions of individuals worldwide, impacting their daily lives, relationships, and overall well-being. Irvine, located in Orange County, California, is known for its commitment to providing innovative healthcare solutions. In this article, we will explore the various innovative treatment options available in Irvine for individuals struggling with anxiety. These treatment approaches are designed to effectively alleviate anxiety symptoms, promote emotional well-being, and empower individuals to break free from the grip of anxiety.

Understanding Anxiety: Anxiety is characterized by persistent and excessive worry, fear, and apprehension about everyday situations. It can manifest as generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), panic disorder, social anxiety disorder, or specific phobias. Symptoms may include restlessness, irritability, difficulty concentrating, sleep disturbances, and physical manifestations such as rapid heartbeat and shortness of breath.

Innovative Treatment Solutions in Irvine: Irvine offers a range of innovative treatment options for individuals seeking relief from anxiety. These treatment approaches aim to address anxiety from multiple angles, focusing on personalized care and holistic well-being. Therapy-Based Approaches: a. Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT): CBT is a widely recognized and evidence-based therapy for anxiety treatment in irvine. It focuses on identifying and challenging negative thought patterns and behaviors that contribute to anxiety. CBT helps individuals develop coping strategies, improve problem-solving skills, and cultivate a more balanced perspective on their fears and worries. Therapists in Irvine specialize in providing CBT for anxiety disorders.

b. Exposure Therapy: Exposure therapy is particularly effective for individuals with specific phobias or panic disorder. It involves gradually exposing individuals to the feared object or situation in a controlled and supportive environment. Through repeated exposure, individuals learn to manage their anxiety and reduce their fear response. Therapists in Irvine offer exposure therapy as part of comprehensive anxiety treatment. READ MORE - How do you determine the most appropriate treatment plan for an individual with chronic pain? Medication-Based Approaches: a. Antidepressant Medications: Certain antidepressant medications, such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs), are commonly prescribed for anxiety disorders. These medications help regulate neurotransmitters in the brain, alleviating symptoms of anxiety. Psychiatrists in Irvine can prescribe and monitor the use of antidepressant medications.

b. Benzodiazepines: Benzodiazepines are a class of medications that provide short-term relief for acute anxiety symptoms. They work by enhancing the effects of a neurotransmitter called gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), which helps reduce anxiety. However, due to their potential for dependence and withdrawal symptoms, benzodiazepines are typically prescribed for short periods and as a last resort when other treatments have not been effective. Psychiatrists in Irvine carefully evaluate and monitor the use of benzodiazepines.

Complementary and Holistic Approaches: a. Mindfulness-Based Therapies: Mindfulness-based therapies, such as mindfulness meditation and mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR), offer innovative approaches to anxiety treatment. These techniques help individuals cultivate present-moment awareness, develop self-compassion, and reduce reactivity to anxious thoughts and sensations. Irvine provides resources, including mindfulness-based therapy programs and mindfulness classes, to support individuals in their anxiety management journey.

b. Yoga and Exercise: Engaging in regular physical activity, such as yoga or other forms of exercise, has been shown to reduce anxiety symptoms and promote overall well-being. Irvine offers numerous fitness centers, yoga studios, and recreational spaces where individuals can participate in classes and activities tailored to anxiety management. READ M0RE - Exploring the Process of Ketamine Infusion Therapy for OCD Treatment

Conclusion: Innovative treatment options in Irvine provide individuals struggling with anxiety the opportunity to break free from its grip and regain control of their lives. Therapyapproaches, such as CBT and exposure therapy, offer effective strategies for identifying and challenging anxiety-inducing thoughts and behaviors. Medication-based approaches, including antidepressants and, in specific cases, short-term use of benzodiazepines, can provide relief from acute anxiety symptoms. Complementary and holistic approaches, such as mindfulness-based therapies and engaging in regular exercise, offer additional tools for anxiety management and overall well-being.

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parulsevashramhospital · 2 years

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How To Maintain A Healthy Nervous System?

As you age, you evolve mentally too. Changes in the brain are common with age, but if you feel a mental decline, you must start taking care of your brain. It is never too late to consider looking after your nervous system. If you are getting frequent headaches or any other psychotic symptoms, getting yourself checked at one of the best neuro hospitals in India might help you.

Your brain acts as the powerhouse of your body. It is responsible for controlling thought, emotion, motor skills, temperature, hunger, breathing, vision, and every other process that modulates our body. The brain and the spinal cord comprise our body's whole central nervous system. The brain is also responsible for processing information to and fro from the sense organs.

Maintaining a healthy nervous system is the biggest goal in achieving longevity and untroubled body functioning. To live a productive life, taking care of your nervous system is essential. Some ways are-

Good Cardiovascular Health- An unhealthy heart is a key to a good life. Heart issues also have a terrible impact on your brain. Your heart is responsible for pumping blood to all your body parts, including the brain. It is majorly significant to exercise regularly and eat proper food to avoid high blood pressure, high cholesterol, and high blood sugar level.

An unhealthy heart can cause blockage in arteries, leading to an irregular supply of blood to the brain, resulting in severe conditions like atherosclerosis and stroke. These conditions can be life-threatening as they cause brain damage. Therefore, if you've hit your fifties, you can explore PMJAY card hospitals and get ideal cardiovascular health benefits.

Good Sleeping Habits- Most people nowadays neglect their quality sleep and little do they know that half of their health problems are associated with irregular and bad sleeping patterns. It is obvious that you need to make your brain rest with quality sleep.

Undersleeping or oversleeping will only hamper your brain in several ways. Sleep is one of the most effective ways to rejuvenate your brain and resolve your mental health issues. During sleep, the brain restores its freshness by clearing out toxins that lead to certain mental disorders like Alzheimer's and dementia.

Exercising Regularly- Exercise is not only beneficial for your muscles and tissues, but it also strengthens your nervous system. Exercise increases serotonin production in the brain, making us feel happier.

Also, exercise helps us to clear our minds from depression and anxiety by producing endorphins, the feel-good hormones that are needed by our brains. The chances of cognitive impairment are also decreased with regular physical activity.

Exercise lowers blood pressure and maintains cholesterol as well as blood sugar levels.

Take Up Mental Challenges- Even if your brain is not a muscle, it acts like it. It would help if you constantly used it for smooth functioning and healthy cognitive health. Doing nothing or sitting idly will only weaken your brain's superpowers.

Being unoccupied also leads to depression and anxiety. You can read, play with a pet, cook, learn an instrument, solve puzzles, watch documentaries, indulge in art, do social work, join a course, or do physical activity.

The more you stimulate yourself intellectually, the more you generate new brain cells and expand your neurological plasticity.

Eating Healthy- Bad eating habits have an adverse effect on the body as well as the mind. A diet having omega-3 fatty acids, leafy green vegetables, low saturated fats and whole grains is recommended for a healthy lifestyle.

A Mediterranean diet is highly beneficial for the brain. Some items that you should avoid to improve overall health include junk, fried, processed, and sugary food. You should also avoid red meat and soda.

Nowadays, it has become super important to look after your mental health. The advancement of the world has triggered depression and anxiety for so many people. Sometimes, depression and anxiety also cause physical health problems. Getting appointments at MAA card hospitals and exploring their scheme can benefit people differently.

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leebird-simmer · 3 years

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Psychology Chapter 16 Review

Treatment: Getting Help to Those Who Need It

- Mental illness is often misunderstood, and because of this, it too often goes untreated. - Untreated mental illness can be extremely costly, not only affecting an individual’s ability to function but also causing social and financial burdens. - Many people who suffer from mental illness do not get the help they need. They may be unaware that they have a problem, they may be uninterested in getting help for their problem, or they may face structural barriers to getting treatment. - Treatments include psychotherapy, which focuses on the mind; medical and biological methods, which focus on the brain and body; and the combination of the two approaches.

Psychological Treatments: Healing the Mind Through Interaction

- Psychodynamic therapies, including psychoanalysis, emphasize helping clients gain insight into their unconscious conflict. Traditional psychoanalysis involves 4 to 5 treatment sessions per week, with the client lying on a couch and free-associating; modern psychodynamic therapies involve one session per week with face-to-face interactions in which therapists help clients solve interpersonal problems. - Humanistic approaches (e.g. person-centered therapy) and existential approaches (e.g. gestalt therapy) focus on helping people develop a sense of personal worth. - Behavior therapy applies learning principles to specific behavior problems. - Cognitive therapy is focused on helping people change they way they think about events in their lives, and teaching them to challenge irrational thoughts. - Cognitive behavior therapy (CBT), which merges cognitive and behavioral approaches, has been shown to be effective for treating a wide range of psychological disorders. - Group therapies target couples, families, or groups of clients brought together for the purpose of working together to solve their problems. - Self-help and support groups, such as AA, are common in the United States and around the world but are not well studied.

Biological Treatments: Healing the Mind by Physically Altering the Brain

- Antipsychotic medications block dopamine receptors in parts of the brain, thus reducing dopamine activity. They are used to treat the positive symptoms of schizophrenia. - Anti-anxiety medications are used to treat anxiety disorders but have the potential for abuse, especially because of the development of drug tolerance. - Antidepressants affect the level of serotonin in the brain and are used to treat depression and related disorders. - Herbal and natural products are not considered medications by regulatory agencies and so are not subject to strict scrutiny. Although there is little scientific information on their effectiveness, some do seem to have mild positive effects. - Medications are often combined with psychotherapy in treatment. Evidence from a study on social phobia suggests that both types of treatment affect regions of the brain associated with threat. - Other biomedical treatments include transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), deep brain stimulation (DBS), electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), and psychosurgery - this last used in extreme cases, when other methods of treatment have been exhausted.

Treatment Effectiveness: For Better or For Worse

- Observing improvement during treatment does not necessarily meant that the treatment was effective. It might instead reflect natural improvement, nonspecific treatment effects (e.g. the placebo effect), and reconstructive memory processes. - Treatment studies focus on both treatment outcomes and processes, applying scientific research methods such as placebo controls and double-blind techniques. - Treatments for psychological disorders are generally more effective than no treatment at all, but some (e.g. CBT and interpersonal psychotherapy) are more effective than others for certain disorders. Both medication and therapy present dangers that ethical practitioners must carefully consider.

#psychology #my notes #study blog

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sleepingpills2u · 3 years

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Top 5 Medicines For Dealing With Anxiousness

Anxiousness can swipe all of your pleasure from life. Nevertheless, it does not need to. There are numerous drugs that can successfully treat stress and anxiety. Right here are 5 medications used to treat anxiousness.

Lorazepam

Lorazepam, likewise called Ativan or Temesta, is from the benaodiazepines class. It functions by slowing down activity in the mind, enabling the client to person can unwind. It is taken 2 to 3 times daily. This medication is routine forming as well as a resistance can develop with time. It is meant for short-term usage, and need to not be considered greater than 4 months. This medicine has actually been located effective for assistance individuals deal with high stress and anxiety situations they may run into. It will certainly assist people stay tranquil, but can make remaining focused a little more difficult. One to two mg dosages are normally taken two times each day.

The possible side effects include drowsiness, wooziness, fatigue, weakness, completely dry mouth, looseness of the bowels, nausea or vomiting, appetite modifications, restlessness or excitement, bowel irregularity, problem urinating, obscured vision, changes in sex, drive, evasion walk, fever, trouble breathing/swallowing, yellowing of skin or eyes, uneven heart beat, and consistent fine shake.

Xanax

Xanax, or Alprazolam, is from the benaodiazepines course. It reduces irregular enjoyment in the mind. The pills are extended release tablet computers which can be taken 2 to 4x a day. This drug is habit creating. The directions must be complied with meticulously, and the drug needs to not be stopped all of a sudden. Xanax has been found to be effective at lowering stress and anxiety and durations of tension. The majority of people have actually discovered that it does not leave them feeling sleepy or undistinct. Zanax is typically taken 3 times a day, and the dosages are usually.25 to.5 each time.

The possible negative effects include sleepiness, frustration, wooziness, talkativeness, completely dry mouth, adjustments in libido, irregular bowel movements, weight adjustments, joint pain, light-headedness, fatigue, irritation, problem concentrating, increased salivation, nausea or vomiting, modifications in appetite, trouble peing, seizures, skin rash, clinical depression, confusion, unusual adjustments in state of mind or actions, control and/or equilibrium troubles, shortness of breath, hallucinations, yellowing of the skin or eyes, memory issues, speech issues, suicidal thoughts.

Lexapro

Lexapro is likewise called Escitalopram Oxalate. This medicine is a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors. It functions by increasing serotonin to aid with mental balance. It is available as a tablet computer or fluid, and must be taken daily. It may take between one and four weeks to truly start seeing renovation. This medicine ought to not be terminated instantly. Patients located that it assisted alleviate anxiety, minimize frustration levels, and normally boosted general state of mind. The suggested dosage is between ten and twenty milligrams.

The negative effects include queasiness, bowel irregularity or looseness of the bowels, sleepiness, adjustments in libido or capability, wooziness, stomach pain, increased sweating, heartburn, dry mouth, raised hunger, extreme fatigue, flu-like signs and symptoms, sneezing, runny nose. More major side effects include uncommon enjoyment, fever, sweating, as well as confusion, quick or irregular heart beat, hallucinations of extreme muscular tissue tightness.

Symptoms of overdose consist of queasiness, shake, vomiting, sweating, wooziness, sleepiness, seizures, quickly or battering heart beat, complication, forgetfulness, coma (loss of consciousness for a time), tremor, and also fast breathing.

Effexor

Effexor (Venlafaxine) is an extensive release tables made use of to deal with stress and anxiety. The tablet computer can be taken 2 or 3 times a day, at around the same time daily. Dosages are generally started at really reduced degrees and after that gradually enhanced. This medication has to develop in your system, so it can take in between 6 as well as 8 weeks to start seeing the full advantages. The drug should not be discontinued without very first talking with your physician. Withdrawal symptoms can take place if the drug is quit suddenly. Withdrawal symptoms consist of anxiousness, sadness, frenzied or frantic excitement, trouble either falling asleep or staying awake, agitation, confusion, irritation, absence of coordination, problems, throwing up, diarrhea, sweating, seizures, supplanting the ears, completely dry mouth, loss of appetite and burning, prickling, electrical shock-like sensations or tingling in any kind of area of the body. Patients found that this medication helped to reduce anxiety along with anxiety. Some individuals saw results and also improvements within the very first week of taking this medicine, although this will certainly not be the case with all consumers. Recommended doses generally vary between 75 mg daily and 225 mg daily. Click on xanax next day delivery UK,if you are looking for resting pills .

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weesure · 3 years

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Menstrual Insomnia: How to Get a Good Night’s Sleep During Your Period

PMS is known to cause sleep disturbances. Before and during their menstruation, women with PMS are at least twice as likely to develop sleeplessness. Excessive daytime sleepiness and feeling sleepy or drowsy around their period can be caused by a lack of sleep.

Healthy sleep hygiene is a common strategy for enhancing sleep. This entails adjusting your behaviours, routines, and surroundings to make them more favourable to getting the rest you require. Developing a relaxing bedtime routine, maintaining a consistent sleep schedule, avoiding excessive caffeine, getting exposed to daylight, reducing noise and light in your bedroom, and developing a consistent sleep schedule are all examples of strategies that can help you improve your sleep hygiene.

Channelize your Thoughts into Positive and Productive Matters:

You will become more worried and depressed if you wrap your mind around the difficult concerns while sleeping. Instead, concentrate on things that will make you happy or leave you with a good sensation, such as summer vacation plans with the kids or putting together a get-together plan with your childhood pals.

Create a relaxing and suitable sleeping atmosphere in your bedroom:

You can create a conducive setting for generating restful sleep by changing the ambient and overall feel of the bedroom. For a refreshing feeling, keep herbal and aromatic goods in the bedroom, and make the sleeping environment peaceful and pleasant so that you can have a good night’s sleep.

Increase Fluid Intake: You can flush out extra sodium, which is the major cause of water retention or bloating both before and during your period, by increasing your consumption of drinks or healthy fluids. This will assist you in minimising period discomforts and allowing you to sleep well.

Avoid Excessive Caffeine:

Caffeine consumption that is excessive might increase anxiety and cause insomnia. If taken in small doses in the morning or afternoon, it might help to reduce PMS symptoms and rejuvenate the body.

Consume Calcium & Magnesium Rich Diet:

You can simply reduce PMS symptoms and be freed from the bloating tendency, as well as deal with psychological problems and regulate your increased hunger pains, by boosting the calcium content in your diet. Calcium also contains strong sedative qualities, which will help you get a good night’s sleep. Magnesium, on the other hand, has a calming impact on the muscles and brain by increasing serotonin levels, which contributes to a restful and peaceful sleep.

Using Painkillers with Oral Contraceptives at the Same Time:

If you’re suffering from insomnia during menstruation, you can use sleeping tablets after consulting with a doctor if the condition has persisted for more than a couple of months. Magnesium Supplements, and Vitamin B Complex can help to relieve period pain and anxiety. Furthermore, traditional therapies such as heated pads or intimate sessions can provide significant relief from menstrual pain and discomfort. Meditation and concentration, as well as aerobics, are all-natural ways to rejuvenate your body and promote restful sleep.

Exercise Early Morning:

You must follow a rigorous early morning exercising schedule for receiving early morning sunlight, which is a natural source of Vitamin D, in order to stay fit and get a decent night’s sleep.

#Menstrual Insomnia #Insomnia #Menstrual #Good Night’s Sleep During Your Period

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siglerprescriptiondrugcards · 3 years

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Ziprasidone Hydrochloride

Brand Name: Geodon

Generic Available

Common Dosage Forms:

Capsules: 20 mg, 40 mg, 60 mg, 80 mg

Injection: 20 mg/mL as the mesylate salt in a single dose vial following reconstitution with sterile water

Suspension: Equivalent to 10 mg/mL

FDA Indications/Dosages:

For the treatment of schizophrenia: Initial oral dose is 20 mg given twice a day with food. Dosage adjustments, if indicated, should occur at intervals of not less than 2 days. Maximum dose is 80 mg given twice a day.

For the treatment of acute agitation in schizophrenic patients for whom treatment with ziprasidone is appropriate and who need rapid control of the agitation: The recommended dose is 10-20 mg given intramuscularly as required up to a maximum of 40 mg/day. No more than 10 mg should be given every 2 hours or 20 mg every 4 hours.

For the acute and maintenance treatment (as an adjunct to lithium or valproate) of mania or mixed episodes associated with bipolar disorder, with or without psychotic features: Initiate treatment with 40 mg twice a day with food. Increase to 60-80 mg twice a day on the second day if tolerated. The normal dosage range for this indication is 40-80 mg twice a day.

Monitor: FBG, Lipid panel, Weight, BP, CBC

Pharmacology/Pharmacokinetics: Although the exact mechanism of action of ziprasidone is unknown, it is thought to act by antagonism of dopamine D2 and serotonin 5HT2 receptors. It has also been shown to be an antagonist at histamine H1 and alpha-1-adrenergic receptors. Ziprasidone is well absorbed after oral dosing and reaches peak plasma levels at 6-8 hours. Food increases relative bioavailability by two-fold. Its terminal half-life is 7 hours and steady state plasma levels are reached in 1-3 days. Metabolism occurs primarily via reduction by aldehyde reductase and to a lesser extent by the CYP3A4 pathway.

Drug Interactions: Carbamazepine may decrease plasma levels and ketoconazole may increase plasma levels. Ziprasidone should not be used with other drugs which may prolong the QTc interval including dofetilide, sotalol, quinidine, other class Ia and III antiarrhythmics, mesoridazine, thioridazine, chlorpromazine, droperidol, pimozide, sparfloxacin, gatifloxacin, moxifloxacin, halofantrine, mefloquine, pentamidine, arsenic trioxide, levomethadyl acetate, dolasetron mesylate, probucol, or tacrolimus.

Contraindications/Precautions: CONTRAINDICATED IN PATIENTS WITH DEMENTIA-RELATED PSYCHOSIS. Use is contraindicated in patients with a known history of QT prolongation, with recent myocardial infarction, with uncompensated heart failure, and in patients currently taking a drug which prolong the QTc interval. Use with caution in patients with hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia, or bradycardia because of the risk of sudden death due to QTc prolongation. Rare cases of Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome (NMS) have occurred in patients taking antipsychotic medications including ziprasidone. Symptoms of NMS include hyperpyrexia, muscle rigidity, altered mental status, and autonomic instability (irregular pulse or blood pressure, diaphoresis, and cardiac dysrhythmia). As with other antipsychotics, use with caution in patients with a history of seizures, in those at risk for aspiration pneumonia, and in those who will be experiencing conditions which may contribute to elevated core body temperature. Suicide is a possibility in patients taking antipsychotics, therefore, dispense the smallest quantity manageable. Rare cases of leukopenia/neutropenia and agranulocytosis have been reported in patients taking antipsychotic agents. Use with caution in nursing mothers. Pregnancy Category C.

Adverse Effects: The most common adverse effects include drowsiness, nausea, constipation, dyspepsia, dizziness, akathisia, cold symptoms, extrapyramidal syndrome, diarrhea, rhinitis, asthenia, dry mouth, dystonia, and non-allergic rash.

Patient Consultation:

This drug can cause serious heart arrhythmias, please inform your physician of any past history of heart problems.

Inform your physician of any prescription or nonprescription medications you currently take.

Take this medication with food to help its absorption.

Use caution when performing tasks that require alertness.

Avoid alcohol while taking this medication.

Do not discontinue this medication abruptly.

It may take several weeks to see symptom improvement after starting this medication.

Use appropriate precautions against heat exposure and dehydration.

Store in a cool, dry place away from sunlight and children.

Contact a physician if the above side effects are severe or persistent or if you experience fainting, palpitations, or dizziness.

If a dose is missed, skip it and return to normal dosing schedule.

#sigler drug cards #36th edition #ziprasidone hydrochloride #geodon #antipsychotic #drug facts

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emchospitals · 3 years

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What are Major Depressive Disorders and their causes and treatment?

Sadness, feeling down and a loss of interest or pleasure in lifestyle are natural parts of human life. But if these feelings continue and affect your routine substantially, the matter could also be a mood disorder like depression or major clinical depression (MDD).

Major clinical depression is that the main explanation for disability across the world, consistent with the planet Health Organization (WHO). consistent with the experts, 1 in 10 people will have depression in their lifetime.

MDD, also referred to as depressive disorder, maybe a significant medical disorder which will affect many aspects of your life. It impacts mood and behavior also as several physical functions, like sleep and appetite.

More than almost the blues, major clinical depression isn’t a weakness, and you can’t simply “snap out” of it. it’s going to require long-term screening and treatment. But don’t get disheartened! Most patients with depression feel better with medication, meditation, psychotherapy, and a few other treatments.

In this section, learn what depression is and what causes it. We also describe the symptoms, their treatments, and more.

What are the signs and symptoms of major depressive disorder?

Your specialist or a psychological state expert can diagnose depression supported by your signs or symptoms, feelings, and behaviors

There are often different contributing factors associated with the explanation for your clinical depression. counting on the sort of your depression, you’ll experience various signs or symptoms.

Although depression may happen on just one occasion during your lifetime, people typically have multiple episodes. During these episodes, symptoms occur continuously, nearly a day, and should include:

Distinctly depressed or irritable behavior

Appearing slowed or agitated

Anxiety and restlessness

Loss of delight or interest

Decreased or increased appetite or weight

Decreased or increased sleep

Feeling worthless or guilty

Fatigue

Loss of strength and energy

Poor concentration or indecisiveness

Suicidal thoughts, suicide attempts, or plans

Depression symptoms in children and teenagers

Irritability

Sadness

Clinginess

Anxiety

Refusing to travel to high school

Pessimistic attitude and worthlessness

Feeling misunderstood and very sensitive

Loss of interest in normal activities

Avoidance of social interaction

Depression symptoms in older adults

Memory loss or personality changes

Physical pain

Fatigue

Loss of appetite

Sleep problems or loss of interest in sex

Often eager to occupy home

Suicidal thinking

For many patients with depression, signs usually are severe enough to create noticeable issues in lifestyle activities, like work, school, socialism, relationships with others. Some people may generally feel miserable or unhappy without really knowing the rationale.

What causes major depressive disorder?

The medical profession doesn’t completely understand the causes of major clinical depression. There are many possible causes, and sometimes, various factors combine to trigger symptoms.

A combination of genes and stress can affect brain functioning and reduce the strength to take care of mood stability. An imbalance of hormones may additionally develop serious clinical depression.

Alcohol or white plague

Certain medical issues, like cancer or hypothyroidism

Particular sorts of medicines, including steroids

Abuse during childhood

Major clinical depression prevention

Take essential measures to regulate stress and boost your self-esteem

Connect with family and friends, especially in times of crisis

Get the proper treatment at the earliest symptom of a drag to stop the clinical depression from worsening.

Go for a long-term maintenance treatment to stop the relapse of MDD symptoms.

How is major clinical depression treated? Major clinical depression is among the foremost treatable mental diseases. Between 80% and 90% percent of patients with MDD eventually respond well to treatment options. most patients get some relief from their symptoms.

Medications

Several classes of antidepressants are available:

Tricyclic antidepressants

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)

Selective serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs)

Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs)

Atypical antidepressants A person should only take these medicines as their doctor or specialist prescribes. Some medicines can take a while to cause a change. By stopping the medications, an individual might not get the advantages that it could offer.

Psychotherapy

It involves meeting with a specialist or therapist on a day to day to speak about your concern and related issues. Psychotherapy can help you:

adjust to a loss or other stressful condition

enhance your communication skills

replace negative thoughts with positive, healthy ones

find better methods to deal with difficulties and solve issues

increase your self-esteem

regain a way of satisfaction, comfort, and control in your life

Lifestyle changes

In addition to taking medicines and participating in physical exercises, you’ll improve MDD symptoms by making some lifestyle changes.

Eat a healthy diet

Avoid alcohol and certain processed foods

Do many physical exercises

Sleep well

Get the simplest medical help at EMC Hospital

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dlkardenal · 4 years

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Everything is meaningless - The Melancholic Hero

Hey there, traveler!

Melancholic figures have been a part of literature since the classical era, although not always with the same frequency or popularity. They are dark, brooding, lost in their own world of gloom, and likely see the world with an irritatingly negative perspective. They had their peak during the 19th century, the era of romanticism, but today they tend to irritate readers and other audiences. How did they change so rapidly in such a short time? That’s what I am to find out.

Today’s post is more about my personal thoughts and deductions rather than scientific research, but I hope it’ll be just as interesting.

So, first of all, what is melancholy?

To simplify things, melancholy is a state of low mood, gloomy thoughts, and overall enerved behavior. The word came from the Greek ‘melaina chole’ meaning black bile, from an age where physicians thought behavior was dictated by four humours and their distributions in the body. Black bile caused dark thoughts, that’s where the concept originated. It often manifests as a symptom of a couple of mental conditions like depression or bipolar disorder, but it can appear in healthy individuals as well. It’s mainly a consequence of environmental effects. Some people feel melancholic from the weather, some sink into melancholy from grief or personal stress-or as we shall see, it can be a fashion wave.

The main difference between melancholy and depression is the time frame. Depression is longer, more persistent and causes deviations in the chemical composition of the body (a low level of serotonin, the “happy hormone”, or more accurately the “take a shower, eat, live like a human hormone”), while melancholy isn’t so drastic and it mostly passes after hours or days. Constant melancholy can be a sign of growing depression, but that’s a more serious condition with deeper root causes.

Melancholic heroes were made famous during the romanticism, a cultural era during the 19th century. You may remember such poets like Johann von Goethe, William Wordsworth, or perhaps more popular names like Mary Shelley, the author of Frankenstein, or Edgar Allan Poe. If you think about characters like the titular hero of The Sorrows of Young Werther, Victor Frankenstein, or Eugene Onegin from Russian literature, you can picture this hero type. They all have some sort of deep moral or emotional pain they carry with them, have a general disinterest in the normal way of life, and like other melancholic people’s company. They became extraordinarily popular, so much so that The Sorrows of Young Werther caused a wave of suicides across the world of young readers trying to mimic their hero.

If you think about why they were so popular and relatable, it all comes from the overall zeitgeist (that’s a new word I learned today, it literally means time ghost in german) of disappointment and the waning of such trifling problems as do we have enough food to eat tomorrow if we survive the plague. After the great Enlightment, people were taught not to believe in divines and churches, rather ration and science-until that hit a brick wall too. Science back then couldn’t explain everything people asked, so they were left in the void with no gods and no answers. Since the general quality of life improved, the constant fear of hunger and diseases weren’t threatening enough to take people’s minds off the topic, so they lost hope. They didn’t have answers, but they were chock full of questions. This led people to believe they will never get any answers because everything was meaningless. That, as you can imagine, can cause some serious broody mood, so people found these melancholic heroes like Werther and Onegin relatable and as such interesting to read about. It reassured them in their sorrow that everyone, even the popular literature was like them: hopeless, lost, and tired.

So, what changed that made them fall from grace?

Well, everything. Science came up with new answers, people found new sources like occultism and the big questions of life turned out not so interesting after all. Couple that with the rapid development of mental health and melancholy quickly goes out of fashion. Then the cracks start showing on these mysterious, painful heroes.

First, they are reluctant to do anything. Melancholic figures tend to avoid any responsibility, and similar to depressed people they need someone to constantly drag them through any adventure worth reading about by force. If your hero needs a kick up his ass every step of the way, it can really irritate the audience.

Second, they exclude a lot of popular tropes. This character won’t find a found family, won’t be at the wrong place at the wrong time unless that place comes to them, he probably won’t have a romantic subplot. You can’t even root for them to win, because most of the time they don’t want to. The only thing they can have is a development that takes them out of this state, but that’s a risky option. If you drag the sadness out too long, people will still see the previous problems and probably won’t care about the character enough to cheer for the development. If it’s too short, it can’t be really considered a melancholic hero’s journey because the bulk of the character’s… well… character isn’t gloomy.

My favorite modern example is Quentin from Lev Grossman’s The Magicians (who would’ve guessed, am I right?) For those of you not in the know, let me summarize. Quentin starts as a depressed teenager just before university and has no idea what to do with his life. He gets invited to a super-secret magical college where he learns to do magic, but it turns out boring. Then he gets to visit Fillory, this book’s version of Narnia he read about all his life, but that turns out shit as well. Quentin ends the book just as depressed he started, and a lot of people hate him with a passion for not being able to appreciate every nerd’s dream.

But let me tell you what saves him and this whole character type for me-it’s still relatable in a different way. As we discussed before, depression often comes with melancholy and it’s an ever-growing problem in our modern society. The most compromised age group is college students, especially at the start of their education. Enormous pressure from every front, social changes and the looming responsibilities of adulthood can damage their (well, our) mental health and personally, it felt reassuring to read about someone in a similar situation. It felt like the world didn’t turn a blind eye on my problem and I suspect I am not the only one.

How about you? Do you find these heroes intolerable? Can you relate with their constant whining and pessimism? Dou you have a favorite exception like I do? I’d love to hear about it! Until then, take care travelers.

Cheers,

Dar

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cribnorth2 · 3 years

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Peptides are small chain of amino acids, attached by peptide links. Chains of less than fifteen or twenty amino acids are known as monomers, which consist of monosaccharides and polysaccharides. Peptides can be formed through numerous chemical processes, such as peptide bonding, fermentation (such as in the case of peptides derived from marine algae), the addition of an amino acid to the peptide, mechanical means (such as when amino acid residues crash against each other during protein synthesis in an enzyme reaction), and biogenesis, which refers to the ability of some organisms to produce their own peptides. Peptides can be stored in proteins and other molecules as glycogen, hemoglobin, or in lipids (fatty tissues). Peptides may also be released from cell bodies as free radicals, toxins, or carcinogens.

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Peptides and proteins make up a wide range of proteins. https://direct-sarms.com/product-category/sarms-stacks/ of the most common human proteins are collagen, elastin, mucilage, blood vessels, neurotransmitters, hormones, enzymes, antibodies, vitamins, and a host of others. A lot of peptides have also been discovered that were previously thought to be nothing but building blocks for hormones. For example, insulin has been found to be one of the peptides that help with glucose utilization in the body.

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There are many biological activities peptides may perform, however, some peptides have intracellular signaling properties which may be important to the nervous system, and some have trophic effects on bacteria, yeasts and other biological systems. Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is a key neurotransmitter that plays a critical role in many physiological functions. Peptides may also play an important role in immunity, cell metabolism and other metabolic pathways. One of the most exciting recent studies focused on neuropeptide Y and its impact on the behavior and physiology of mice in a transgenic background. Mice were genetically engineered without nongenetically transmitted copies of the gene responsible for the disorder. When given a diet deficient in NPY, mice showed many signs of depression-like symptoms.

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Peptides have a number of different functions in the body. Peptides can act as signaling molecules to activate muscles (such as those in the skeletal and nervous systems), stimulate the immune system, activate neurotransmitters, produce antimicrobial proteins, bind to receptors, release chemicals, digest nutrients, digest waste materials from tissues, mediate metabolism, regulate thermostat regulation, repair cells, synthesize neurotransmitters, and so on. Peptides can also be growth regulators, inhibit the growth of malignant tumors, regulate blood pressure, regulate cholesterol, regulate sugar levels, and regulate cell growth. Peptides have also been shown to stimulate collagen and bone mass, induce the synthesis of neurotransmitters, reverse neurodegenerative diseases, prevent cancer, enhance athletic performance, improve circulation, increase muscle strength and size, repair tissue damage after trauma, build new blood vessels, regulate the immune system, repair connective tissue, improve skin condition, speed recovery from injury, boost metabolism, and much more. Basically, peptides work in all areas of health and disease biology.

It is made use of not only in endurance sports, but likewise in toughness sporting activities such as body building.

I've just recently passed the employment examination as well as now sent my medical type off, I'm presently using SARMs to help enhance my stamina.

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Peptides can be single atoms or groups of atoms. Single-proteins contain a single amino acid and possess a nonreactive surface area of one proton. A peptide bond is usually formed between an amino acid and one of its complementary residues such as arginine, glutamine, or histidine. Many of the most common neurotransmitters, like dopamine, epinephrine, noradrenalin, GABA, acetylcholine, serotonin, and norepinephrine, are contained in neurotransmitter molecules that are structurally related to peptides. Peptides play important roles in the brain through a variety of mechanisms.

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There are a number of ways peptides and polypeptide molecules are formed, but the general idea is that they are created when a series of amino acids occur in sequence. In order to create polypeptide chains, amino acids need to be repeated multiple times. These repeating sequences can be combined using peptide receptors to form peptides that interact with a number of other molecules. This can happen in a number of different ways. It has been found that some amino acid residues bind with other amino acid residues to form peptides that then bond with other molecules. While this is the most commonly known method of creating peptides and polypeptide chains, it is far from the only way.

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Peptides can be non-bovine or bovine, i.e. they can be derived from a living cell or from an animal. The term 'peptide' is typically used in association with biological activity, whereas 'aminoacid' is commonly used to refer to a residue of an amino acid. A number of peptides can combine to create a new biologically active peptide molecule.

Peptides are made up of amino acids that are arranged in strings. The amino acids are essential to life, but unfortunately only in a positive way. Proteins like keratin are responsible for strong nails, strong hair, strong skin, strong bones, and a wide range of other things. The problem is that amino acids need to be paired with another group of amino acids called peptides to get them to work together. That's why peptides make up proteins, too.

Several research reports indicate that non-metallic peptides have significant health benefits. The most common of these is the ability to enhance the growth of new blood vessels, as evidenced by the promotion of new blood vessel growth in human embryonic studies using non-metallically-attached peptides (e.g., lymph node stimulants). Other research has indicated important effects on the immune system, metabolism of fats, proteins, DNA, and other molecules, the action of hormones, neurotransmission, inflammation, neuroendocrine, immunity, and numerous other processes. The study of peptides and their biological activities has been particularly complex and advanced since the first reports of their existence over sixty years ago.

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animalkiss59 · 3 years

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5 Things I Discovered At The Fifth Annual Peptides Congress

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Peptides and proteins make up a wide range of proteins. Some of the most common human proteins are collagen, elastin, mucilage, blood vessels, neurotransmitters, hormones, enzymes, antibodies, vitamins, and a host of others. A lot of peptides have also been discovered that were previously thought to be nothing but building blocks for hormones. For example, insulin has been found to be one of the peptides that help with glucose utilization in the body.

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There are a number of ways peptides and polypeptide molecules are formed, but the general idea is that they are created when a series of amino acids occur in sequence. In order to create polypeptide chains, amino acids need to be repeated multiple times. These repeating sequences can be combined using peptide receptors to form peptides that interact with a number of other molecules. This can happen in a number of different ways. It has been found that some amino acid residues bind with other amino acid residues to form peptides that then bond with other molecules. While you can find more information on provensarms's Sarm- What Results Can You Expect? - Sarm here. is the most commonly known method of creating peptides and polypeptide chains, it is far from the only way.

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faucetnic04 · 3 years

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Annette Boden Msc Ocd.

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I Will Certainly No Longer Be Ashamed Of My Ocd And Also Anxiousness.

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Nevertheless, this should not be made use of at the time the child or teenage is trying to prevent the routine; relaxation at these times might enter into the routine. Preferably, speak with various other parents/carers to obtain information as well as support. Enquire about any stress factors in their life; such as intimidation, tests, family. Encourage the kid or teenage to define their anxieties as well as rituals.

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Some people with severe, long-term as well as difficult-to-treat OCD may be referred to a national expert OCD service. Additional therapy by a specialist team might often be required if you have actually attempted the treatments above and also your OCD is still not in control. The major medications prescribed are selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors. These can assist improve OCD signs by increasing the degrees of a chemical called serotonin in your brain. People with rather mild OCD normally need about 10 hours of therapist therapy, integrated with workouts done in the house in between sessions. Therapy for OCD is generally a kind called cognitive behavioral treatment with direct exposure and also response avoidance. You can obtain treatment on the NHS with your GP or by referring on your own directly to a psychological therapies solution.

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Additionally, the much more you attempt to combat them, the much more famous they end up being. If you relate to these symptoms as well as are worried you might be dealing with OCD, a see to your doctor is advised for an official medical diagnosis. Anxiety-- You begin feeling worried and distressed as a result of the fixation. direct therapy is a Frequently Asked Questions -- An invasive, relentless and unmanageable thought that enters your mind. OCD UK, a nationwide OCD charity, are running a free moms and dads education course. This Parents Education and learning Job is funded by The National Lottery Game Neighborhood Fund for moms and dads of kids with Obsessive-Compulsive Problem. The workshop is a full day as well as aims to aid parents comprehend what OCD is, just how it's treated, pathways to accessing treatment as well as what they can do to assist.

There is constantly a risk that the anxiety or anxiety will return.

So, it is necessary to maintain practising your CBT skills, also after you are feeling better.

If they do, your CBT skills need to make it less complicated for you to regulate them.

Some registered nurses, doctors, physical therapists and professional psychologists operating in CMHTs might additionally provide CBT.

These therapies can be extremely effective, but it's important to be aware that it can take numerous months before you observe the benefit. A brief course of treatment is normally recommended for relatively mild OCD. discover the best Therapy For Anxiety may call for a longer program of therapy and/or medication.

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The OCD UK web site additionally provides a wealth of details about OCD, it's sub-types, possible therapies and also pointers to aid overcome it. Relategives details recommendations for different types of fears as well as problems aimed at youngsters. If the ideas or practices take place in combination with various other concerning behaviors. If the signs and symptoms remain to enhance despite your treatment, or proceed for 4 weeks without signs of renovation.

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Posted: Fri, 11 Sep 2020 07:00:00 GMT [source]

Bear in mind the child/adolescent might really feel anxious or ashamed by their ideas and also routines-- approach them sensitively and also in private. Compulsive thoughts can consist of unwanted ideas, pictures, fears or questions that can show up repetitively in a person's head. Negative thoughts can take several forms, but are typically related to concern of damage to oneself or to others. RANZCP Photos of individuals utilized on this site are for illustratory objectives only.

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However there are effective therapies offered and you must seek help if you are worried about on your own or an enjoyed one Around 1 in 100 Australians as well as New Zealanders will certainly have OCD eventually in their life. To check out treatment choices readily available, please see our OCD treatmentpage or for even more thorough information about OCD, please visit the OCD activity web site. You may want to check out theHealthUnlocked OCD forum, where you can discuss all facets of the condition with others that have OCD.

Attempt and develop the child or adolescent's confidence by getting them to concentrate on times when the thoughts as well as rituals do not take place. Urge them to do their rituals less often or for shorter durations and provide sustain.

Some images may contain photos of Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander peoples that are currently deceased. Typically, medicine is used to obtain you in a good state of mind to take on the ERP therapy. ERP is confirmed to be very reliable at decreasing the symptoms of OCD in the long-term. Below is an instance from someone whose OCD has a concentrate on a worry of dirt and illness, ranked from 20 to 100. OCD can be dealt with successfully with mental treatments as well as, in some cases, drug. A General Practitioner can analyze your signs and symptoms and also refer you to see a psychiatrist or psycho therapist if you require it.

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the-courage-to-heal · 4 years

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If you have moderate to severe depression that affects your daily life, you and your doctor may discuss treatment: usually a combination of antidepressants and a referral to a therapist. In research, antidepressant medications have been found to be similar when it comes to safety and how well they work. Still, my patients tend to bring up similar concerns about using them—and you might, too. Let’s look at 10 of the most common myths and misconceptions about antidepressants here.

1) My depression can go away on its own

Some people think, “Maybe I should just ride it out and not take any medication at all.”

Depression tends to get worse the longer it isn’t treated, and untreated depression can lead to a number of other problems, including weight gain, physical pain and illness, alcohol and drug use, relationship difficulties, and suicidal thoughts or attempts. Additionally, the longer you have untreated depression, the harder it is to achieve full recovery.

2) Antidepressants don’t work

In many folks, they do work. Studies show that anywhere between 40% to 60% of people who take antidepressants see their symptoms improve within 6 to 8 weeks.

Are there differences in how well they work? Not major ones, according to research. For example, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor antidepressants (SSRIs) like sertraline (Zoloft) and fluoxetine (Prozac) are just as effective for depression as SNRI antidepressants like duloxetine (Cymbalta) and venlafaxine (Effexor).

In controlled research environments, small differences have been observed. Studies seem to show that some of the most effective antidepressants are amitriptyline (Elavil), mirtazapine (Remeron), duloxetine, venlafaxine, and paroxetine (Paxil). Trazodone, fluoxetine, and bupropion (Wellbutrin) may be less effective.

But again, the differences in how well they work are very small. Which one you choose will likely depend on other factors, like if you experience side effects or are taking other medications.

3) Antidepressants have horrible side effects

Antidepressants do cause side effects, but these effects will vary depending on the person, dose, and type of antidepressant.

As a whole, SSRIs such as escitalopram (Lexapro) and fluoxetine (Prozac) reportedly cause the fewest side effects, while tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) such as imipramine (Tofranil) and nortriptyline (Pamelor) and monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) such as tranylcypromine (Parnate) and phenelzine (Nardil) tend to cause more side effects. It’s worth discussing with your doctor if you have concerns.

Antidepressant side effects often go away after a few weeks, but your doctor may adjust your dosing or recommend a different treatment regimen if needed.

4) Antidepressants will make me gain weight

How an antidepressant affects weight depends on the specific drug, and it can also vary from person to person.

In general, most SSRI antidepressants do not cause weight gain. Paroxetine is the only SSRI that might be associated with weight gain, while the others tend to have no effect on weight. Mirtazapine is also a culprit in weight gain. On the flipside, bupropion SR and bupropion XL might actually cause weight loss.

5) I won’t be able to sleep if I take antidepressants

This is a valid concern if you experience insomnia. First, insomnia can be a symptom of depression, so treating your depression might resolve your insomnia. Second, know that different antidepressants have different effects on sleep.

The antidepressants that may lead to trouble sleeping are paroxetine, sertraline, and bupropion.

On the other hand, folks struggling with sleep might want to take advantage of antidepressants with drowsy side effects like amitriptyline, trazodone, and mirtazapine, which may counteract insomnia.

6) If I choose to stop taking antidepressants, I’ll have horrible withdrawal symptoms

Antidepressant withdrawal is possible if you abruptly stop taking an antidepressant. You’re more likely to have withdrawal symptoms if you’ve been taking the antidepressant for at least 6 weeks.

Certain antidepressants are more likely to cause withdrawal symptoms than others. In general, medications that leave your system faster, such as paroxetine, are more likely to cause withdrawal symptoms than those that stay in your system longer, such as fluoxetine.

Symptoms are similar for SSRI and TCA antidepressants and include headache, tiredness, nausea, appetite problems, insomnia, dizziness, and anxiety. Symptoms for MAOIs tend to be more serious and include trouble thinking clearly, agitation, delusions, and hallucinations.

Weaning your dose down over 1 to 3 weeks is the best way to minimize side effects and help prevent withdrawal. Work with your provider on the best dose/schedule.

7) Antidepressants cause sexual side effects

Several types of antidepressants do have sexual side effects, particularly the SSRIs, SNRIs, TCAs, and MAOIs. Effects include lower sexual desire, delayed orgasm, and erection and ejaculation problems.

Bupropion, for example, has very little effect on sexual function and is a good alternative if you are having sexual side effects with another antidepressant. Of the SSRIs, the risk of sexual dysfunction is highest with paroxetine and lowest with fluoxetine and sertraline.

Also, it’s important to find out if your sexual problems are a symptom of your depression, or if they’re actually due to a medication side effect.

8) Antidepressants will make my headaches worse

Not true. Headaches are not commonly reported with antidepressants. In fact, some may even help with headaches. If you have chronic, tension-type headaches, amitriptyline taken at night has been shown to help prevent them. Mirtazapine and venlafaxine are second-line choices that may also help prevent tension-type headaches.

9) Antidepressants will make me sick to my stomach

Most antidepressants do not cause an upset stomach once you and your provider have settled on a fixed dosage. SSRIs cause higher rates of nausea than bupropion and mirtazapine, and rates between SSRIs and trazodone and duloxetine are about the same. Venlafaxine is known for causing nausea more often than SSRIs

10) Antidepressants are expensive

Also not true. Just stay away from newer, brand-name antidepressants because the rest are significantly cheaper. Viibryd and Trintellix are brand-name antidepressants that cost a lot more than generic SSRIs, but they haven’t been found to be much better in terms of treating depression. The only side note is that researchers are looking into whether Trintellix might have an added benefit. In a study from 2018, Trintellix significantly improved cognition (thinking and understanding) among study subjects. Interesting.

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rxremediesinc · 4 years

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What is Anxiety

What is Anxiety?

Anxiety is a completely normal human experience. In our fast-paced world, it is an essential and unavoidable part of our daily lives. The appropriate amount can enhance performance, motivate action, and encourage creativity. However, an anxiety attack or an anxiety disorder is something altogether different. Anxiety that isn’t appropriately managed can lead to emotional distress and physical illness.

Why Do We Experience Anxiety?

Anxiety is a physiological response to a perceived threat, and is designed to keep us safe. It triggers the sympathetic nervous system to activate the “fight-or-flight” response. If we were to cross paths with a bear, the amygdala (neurons in the brain which play a crucial role in processing emotions) would perceive a threat. This perception would trigger the release of adrenaline.

Our heart rate would increase, our breathing would speed-up, and our muscles would tense. Meanwhile, other biological systems would shut down. We would stop digesting, and blood would divert from the stomach, skin, and reproduction systems, to ensure enough oxygen reached the muscles necessary to either fight or flee.

The chances of running into a bear at the office are pretty slim. However, these physiological responses do not differentiate between threats. Your boss, your date, your thirty-year mortgage may all stimulate the same “fight-or-flight” response.

Individuals who do not suffer from an anxiety disorder can process this moment of fear and stress as temporary or situational. However, for individuals prone to severe anxiety, the logical part of the brain (the prefrontal cortex) can’t regulate the amygdala. This causes both tension and fear to build. What differentiates someone who experiences anxiety from someone who has an anxiety disorder is whether or not the sense of panic is physically and emotionally debilitating, as well as disproportional to the situation.

Where Do Anxiety Disorders Come From?

Anxiety is the most common mental illness, affecting more than 40-million adults in the United States every year. There is no known cause for anxiety disorders. However, research indicates there is a correlation involving genetics, brain chemistry, medical issues, or traumatic life events.

Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD): constant and excessive worry about activities or events.

Panic Disorder (PD): Sudden, frequent terror that peaks within seconds (panic attack).

Social Anxiety Disorder (SAD): high levels of fear and avoidance surrounding social situations due to fear of judgment.

Specific Phobias: intense fear when exposed to a particular object or situation.

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD): uncontrollable and reoccurring thoughts and/or behaviors that require repetition.

Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD): triggered by a terrifying event, either witnessed or experienced.

Anxiety disorders are treatable. But, studies show that only 37% of those suffering seek help. These results are disconcerting, as anxiety can be alerting us as to a medical issue, such as heart disease or diabetes. Therefore, the first step in diagnosis is to mention your anxiety to your physician. If your doctor suspects the root cause is a health issue, they may order tests to rule out a potential problem.

Genetics, Brain Chemistry, and Trauma

Anxiety disorders can be genetic. If one of your parents suffered from an anxiety disorder, you are genetically predisposed to anxiety. Women are twice as likely to suffer from anxiety as men. There is also a connection between anxiety and brain chemistry.

The human brain contains hundreds of neurotransmitters. These naturally-occurring messengers deliver information throughout the brain. If these messengers are imbalanced, individuals can experience a variety of issues. However, the most common is anxiety. The neurotransmitters that most significantly contribute to anxiety are serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine.

Neurotransmitters and genetics aren’t the only possible causes for anxiety. Trauma can also result in unprovoked and excessive fear. The human brain continually collects information and builds associations. Through this process, it learns to avoid harm. Taste aversions are one example of this phenomenon.

If we become ill from spoiled salmon, we might become nauseous from even the smell of fish. If our grandmother made chocolate chip cookies every weekend, the sight or smell of cookies could make us feel right at home. Similarly, if mugged after purchasing a cup of coffee, our brain may associate the smell of coffee with the trauma of the crime.

Treatment and Therapy

There are a variety of successful techniques for mitigating anxiety, varying from exercise, mindfulness therapies, diet, talk therapy, and medications. Which method works best varies from person to person. However, of the potential remedies, behavioral treatment, in combination with medication, has the highest success rate for those suffering from an anxiety disorder.

Talk therapy involves working with either a psychologist or a cognitive behavioral therapist (CBT) in a group setting or a one-on-one session. Psychologists focus on psychotherapy by relieving emotional and mental suffering through behavioral intervention. It is a collaborative process, where the two will work together in identifying specific fears, challenges, and effective coping mechanisms.

However, a CBT will highlight cognitive processes (thoughts, images, beliefs, and attitudes), and seek to alter negative interpretations that reinforce distorted thinking. This process involves tracking and recording dysfunctional thinking, and systematically replacing them with healthier thoughts. Neither a psychotherapist nor a CBT can prescribe medications. For that service, you will need to work with a psychiatrist whose primary course of treatment is medication management.

There are a variety of different medications for treating anxiety attacks and disorders. According to the Anxiety and Depression Association of America, these medications are broken down into four classes:

SSRI (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor): relieves symptoms by blocking the reuptake of serotonin by targeted cells in the brain, leaving more available, which enhances neurotransmission (improves mood).

SNRI (serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor): increases levels of the neurotransmitters serotonin and norepinephrine by preventing reabsorption into cells in the brain.

Tricyclic Anti-depressants: Inhibits reabsorption of neurotransmitters serotonin and norepinephrine.

Benzodiazepine: mitigates physical symptoms of anxiety, such as muscle tension, used as a short-term means of relieving stress.

These four classes of drugs have been found useful in treating anxiety.

However, they have varying side effects, some of which are more severe than others. Research has discovered natural alternatives for creating more serotonin in the brain. Still, there are plant-based medicines, such as cannabidiol (CBD), that have been found quite useful in alleviating anxiety.

Cannabidiol (CBD) is a cannabinoid, which is a naturally occurring chemical compound produced by both the hemp and marijuana plant (Cannabis Sativa). Similar to the cannabis plant, which produces over 100 different cannabinoids, the human body also produces cannabinoids (or endocannabinoids). These endocannabinoids are carried throughout the body by a series of receptors known as the Endocannabinoid System (ECS). The ECS is responsible for regulating a variety of physiological and cognitive processes. However, homeostasis between the mind and body is always its primary objective.

CBD has a low affinity for two of the ECS receptors (CB1 and CB2), although it does influence other receptors, such as serotonin. Research indicates that at high concentrations, CBD activates the 5-HT1A (hydroxytryptamine) serotonin receptor, which can result in CBD’s anti-anxiety effect. CBD can also enhance or inhibit how a receptor transmits its signal. Scientists report CBD interacts with the GABA-A receptor by increasing the receptor’s ability to bind with its agonist, gamma-Aminobutyric acid (GABA). GABA is the primary inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system. Anxiety medication (such as benzodiazepine) works on GABA receptor transmission. CBD also works on GABA, but more naturally, by modifying the shape of GABA-A in a way that magnifies the tranquil effects of GABA.

CBD is non-intoxicating, non-addictive, and as reported by the World Health Organization, “…is well tolerated with a good safety profile.” Its anxiolytic effects are scientifically supported, making it a viable, plant-based treatment.

As the human species advances, new stressors and new triggers will present themselves. But, the goal is not to cure anxiety, as anxiety in itself is not an illness. Instead, the goal is to learn how to experience anxiety in both a healthy and productive way. With the aid of talk therapies in combination with plant-based medicine, sufferers can begin that healthy and productive process.

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