#blood brain barrier

[willowreader]

Click View on Twitter to see the best ever explanation of #COVID and the blood brain barrier.A must watch.

[bpod-bpod]

Secrets Revealed

Insight into the formation and maintenance of the blood-brain barrier and astrocyte-neuron interactions by analysing the brain cells' secretome – the molecules secreted by cells into the extracellular space

Read the published research paper here

Image from work by Miriam Burmeister and Annika Fraunenstein, and colleagues

Max Planck Institute for Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany and Institute of Physiological Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, University of Muenster, Münster, Germany

Image originally published with a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)

Published in Science Advances, July 2023

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[tenth-sentence]

At physiological pH, this compound exists primarily as a neutral compound (uncharged), and it can therefore cross the blood-brain barrier.

"Chemistry" 2e - Blackman, A., Bottle, S., Schmid, S., Mocerino, M., Wille, U.

[uncrossedrhyme]

BDNF Quickly Understood

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor, or BDNF, is a nerve growth protein (neurotrophin) crucial to the development and maintenance of the human brain. When we explore and learn, BDNF is at work, restructuring the brain, growing new dendrite branches (Horch & Katz, 2002), and in turn, these activities themselves promote BDNF expression, enhancing mood and subsequent learning. BDNF and mitochondria…

[a-typical]

So why is BHC pushing the clinical education agenda about measuring orthostatic intolerance? Why, as one person asked me, have we “pulled the [10-Min NASA] Lean Test from the dustbin of history” when high-tech options such as Tilt Table Testing (TTT) exist? One reason is that TTT is not available to everyone, and OI is an important presenting aspect of ME/CFS and Long COVID, along with other post-viral syndromes. The NASA Lean Test can be cost-effectively done in a primary care clinic and carried out by trained nurses, physician assistants, or other supervised clinical staff, whereas TTT can only be done by specialists using special equipment. We must empower patients and their primary care providers to identify OI, which responds to treatment support, while the science moves forward to understand the physiologic underpinnings.

[rootsanalysis-blog]

The blood-brain barrier (BBB) penetrating drugs market is estimated to be worth USD 900 million in 2030

Advances in biotechnology have enabled the development of versatile in vitro (static and dynamic), in vivo (micro-dialysis), and in situ (brain perfusion) blood–brain barrier models, allowing more effective and safe delivery of drugs across brain capillaries

 Over time, extensive R&D efforts have resulted in the development of a number of versatile BBB penetration technologies. These technologies have been designed either to externally alter the permeability of the blood csf barrier or augment the BBB penetrating capabilities of compatible pharmacological interventions. 

 Roots Analysis is pleased to announce the publication of its recent study, titled, “Blood-Brain Barrier (BBB) Market (2nd Edition), 2020-2030: Focus on Non-Invasive Drug Delivery Technology Platforms and Therapeutics.”

 To request a sample copy / brochure of this report, please visit

https://www.rootsanalysis.com/reports/310/request-sample.html

 The report features an extensive study of the current market landscape, offering an informed opinion on the likely adoption of BBB penetration technologies and affiliated drugs, over the next decade. The report features an in-depth analysis, highlighting the diverse capabilities of stakeholders engaged in this domain. In addition to other elements, the study includes:

§  More than 110 drugs, capable of penetrating this elusive barrier are currently being evaluated for the treatment of CNS drugs disorders; there are 35+ technology platforms for the development of BBB penetrant drugs

§  An overview of the overall landscape of BBB penetration technologies, featuring an in-depth analysis of the technologies based on a number of parameters

§  A detailed assessment of the current market landscape of BBB penetrant drugs.

§  Identification of contemporary market trends depicted using three schematic representations, which include [A] a tree map representation, [B] a bubble analysis and [C] an informative heptagon representation.

§  An insightful competitiveness analysis of BBB penetration technologies, taking into consideration the supplier power and key technology specific information.

§  Elaborate profiles of prominent technology developers that are engaged in the development of at least four drugs.

§  An analysis of the partnerships that have been established in the domain, in the period between 2014 and 2020.

§  An elaborate discussion on the deal structures of various types of technology licensing agreements inked in this domain.

§  An analysis of the investments made in the domain, in the period between 2014 and 2020 (till March).

§  An in-depth analysis of the various patents that have been filed / granted related to BBB penetration technologies, till November 2019.

§  An insightful chessboard analysis highlighting the most preferred / popular drug development strategies / paths adopted by majority of the drug developers (with clinical candidates) in order to progress their lead drug candidates.

§  An assessment of the most commonly targeted disorders affecting the central nervous system  , shortlisted on the basis of number of BBB penetrant drugs in development.

§  A list of 240+ drug developers targeting Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease that are likely to partner with BBB penetration technology providers.

§  A case study highlighting the working principle of the most common approaches that are being employed for the development of BBB penetration technologies.

§  An informative analysis of contemporary Google Trends in the time period between 2015 and 2019 (till December) and insights generated from recent news articles related to the BBB, indicating the increasing popularity of this domain.

A detailed market forecast, featuring analysis of the current and projected future opportunity across key market segments (listed below) :

§  Type of Payment Model Adopted

§  Upfront payments

§  Milestone payments

 §  Type of Molecule

§  Small Molecules

§  Biologics

 §  Target Disease Indication

§  Brain Metastases in Breast Cancer

§  Glioblastoma Multiforme

§  Hunter Syndrome

§  Hurler Syndrome

 §  Leading Technology Platforms

§  G®-Technology

§  J-Brain Cargo® Technology

§  LRP-1 Technology

§  Trojan Horse Technology

 §  Leading Drug Developers

§  2-BBB

§  Angiochem

§  ArmaGen

§  JCR Pharmaceuticals

 §  Key Geographical Regions

§  North America

§  Europe

§  Asia-Pacific

 Transcripts of interviews held with the following senior level representatives of stakeholder companies

§  Ram Bhatt (Chief Executive Officer, Chairman and Founder, Innovative California Biosciences International (ICBI))

§  Frank S Walsh (Chief Executive Officer and Founder, Ossianix)

§  Pieter Gaillard (Chief Executive Officer and Co-Founder, 2-BBB)

§  Rob Hutchison (Chief Executive Officer and Chairman, biOasis Technologies)

§  Mathias Schmidt (Chief Executive Officer, ArmaGen)

§  Mark L Peterson (Chief Operating Officer, Cyclenium Pharma)

§  Xavier Rivero (Chief Operating Officer, Sagetis Biotech)

§  Carole Desseaux (Head of Clinical Affairs, CarThera)

§  Jamal Temsamani (Head of Drug Development, Vect-Horus)

§  Kevin Kit Parker (Professor, Wyss Institute, Harvard University)

 Key companies covered in the report

§  Angiochem

§  ArmaGen

§  BioArctic

§  Cyclenium Pharma

§  Denali Therapeutics

§  ICB International

§  Iproteos

§  JCR Pharmaceuticals

§  Lauren Sciences

§  Medesis Pharma

§  Ossianix

§  Vect-Horus

 For additional details, please visit 

https://www.rootsanalysis.com/reports/view_document/blood-brain-barrier-drug-delivery/310.html or email sales@rootsanalysis.com

 You may also be interested in the following titles:

1.       Novel Coronavirus (Covid-19): Preventive Vaccines, Therapeutics and Diagnostics in Development

2.       DNA-Encoded Libraries: Platforms and Services Market

3.       Global Stem Cells Market: Focus on Clinical Therapies, 2020–2030

  About Roots Analysis

Roots Analysis is one of the fastest growing market research companies, sharing fresh and independent perspectives in the bio-pharmaceutical industry. The in-depth research, analysis and insights are driven by an experienced leadership team which has gained many years of significant experience in this sector. If you’d like help with your growing business needs, get in touch at info@rootsanalysis.com

  Contact:

Ben Johnson

+1 (415) 800 3415

+44 (122) 391 1091

Ben.johnson@rootsanalysis.com

[fake-married-my-dead-fiance]

My favourite thing about the brain!

Do you know the brain is such a delicate little baby that just touching blood can kill it? That's why strokes are so bad, blood on your brain kills your brain cells. Which is nuts because it's like, our own body cannot handle the thing that feeds it. (Brain cells get their oxygen and food from helper cells called astrocytes)

and yeah, it does make it very hard to treat diseases that are located in the brain. L-dopa, the treatment for Parkinson's, can cross the BBB but dopamine (the thing you need), cannot. So we send in L-dopa, which is a building block for dopamine, and your brain does the rest. The point is that it adds a huge second difficult step to treatment, because most medications we have do not cross in.

[willowreader]

There is more and more evidence that for some people COVID can affect the brain. The research seems to be focused on the brains of those who died of COVID. I am not convinced that everyone infected has COVID in their brain, but the possibility of COVID breaking the blood brain barrier is there. I also believe those vaccinated have better protection than those who are not.

[bookofjudith]

*wakes up in a cold sweat at 2 AM* I shouldn’t have proposed blood samples as a way to source RNA for my neurodegeneration research project

[bpod-bpod]

Brain Bug

Bacterial meningitis is life-threatening. Caused by infection of the brain coverings (meninges) with bacteria, such as E.coli, it's especially deadly in infants. Using mice, researchers investigate how cells in the meninges respond to E.coli infection soon after birth. Upon infection, single nucleus RNA sequencing revealed macrophages, fibroblasts and endothelial cells, which line blood vessels, significantly changed their gene activity. Endothelial cells increased the activity of TLR4, a signalling protein. In mice lacking TLR4, the response to infection was weakened. Next, the team dissected different layers of the meninges – the dura (pictured, top left) and leptomeninges (top right, bottom) – to image cell junction (green, red) and blood-brain barrier proteins (pink). Infection caused proteins normally found at cell junctions in leptomeninges endothelial cells to redistribute elsewhere and leptomeninges capillaries to become disorganised and leaky. This provides insights into how the meninges blood vessel network responds to infection.

Written by Lux Fatimathas

Image from work by Jie Wang, Amir Rattner and Jeremy Nathans

Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA

Image originally published with a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)

Published in eLife, June2023

You can also follow BPoD on Instagram, Twitter and Facebook

[soobadnoonecanstopher]

Nothing really solidifies this hyperfixation quite like having the full authority to and autonomy to listen to the EXIST album from start to finish on fucking REPEAT for nearly a month straight. I dont even have any desire to listen to any other music. It’s been that album and only that album since July 10. While i realize that maybe this isn’t healthy (pffttt) and probably isn’t normal (ppppppffffttttt) this is what has been happening and MOST of my plays MOST of the songs have been the last three tracks, i start it at love fool and play until let me in and then I RESTART it at the top on cream soda for a full play through after that and sometimes…sometimes halfway through the second play of love fool, i will abruptly start love fool all over again. For two days though i did take a break and listen to some old album i loved back in 2006, but once that was done it was right back to EXIST.

[telemna-hyelle]

Wind is tied for my favorite, but I find it so hard to find depictions that I vibe with cause you either get ‘oh he’s babyyyy’ which, yknow, three adventures very capable ‘you have more of the look of a hero about you every day’ but on the other side ‘oh he’s a pirate he drinks alcohol and he’s snarky and so grown up I’M NOT A KID’ and like

he is though?

he’s thirteen????

part of the reason he’s my favorite is how, despite going through two (three?) very difficult adventures he’s still such... a kid. Not that he isn’t capable or a hero (see above adventure tally) but he hasn’t lost his wide-eyed wonder. He can be a bit of a gremlin (all the boys can be) but he’s also just... a really sweet kid who feels emotions deeply. And it would have been so easy for his adventures to squeeze that right out of him but he didn’t let them. He’s managed to hold on to being a child despite all he’s gone through, which means he’s just, really incredibly strong. And for me it’s like... if it’s such a shame that some of these heroes had to grow up early, why are you forcing the one that has still managed to hold on to his childhood to grow up too?

Basically, just because he’s capable and a hero and worthy doesn’t mean he’s not a kid. Not a baby, but still a kid, young and bright-eyed and in love with adventure.

[a-typical]

Given so much evidence about postviral conditions, why wasn’t more done more quickly to address long Covid?

“Medicine doesn’t like what it can’t understand, so it often ignores it,” Ravindra Ganesh, a physician scientist who directs the post-Covid care clinic at Mayo Clinic

[opens-up-4-nobody]

...

[sotvtaughtmehowtofeel]

it drives me crazy when people in this show talk about a vaccine and a cure interchangeably. Those are two VERY DIFFERENT THINGS.

You're talking a vaccine. Infected that have turned are for sure dead. You're not bringing back a person that's been being eaten by fungus from the inside. Come on.

But given what we're told about Ellie's immunity, a vaccine would be super unlikely too. The reason it works for Ellie is because she has the fungus in her brain constantly pumping out whatever chemical messenger is confusing new cordyceps infections. Even if you WERE able to mass produce the chemical, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flushes (it flushes through the central nervous system and then is reabsorbed as the chloroid plexus makes more), it's not constant. You'd likely have to get the vaccine VERY frequently (likely by intrathecal injection- injection to the spinal cord directly- which is super invasive and kinda risky even right now). Even if you COULD get systemic injections (to presumably stop the fungus from spreading peripherally, before it even gets to your brain), you'd have to get multiple ones. Vaccines work longterm by getting your body to make its own antibodies to the invading agent. The fireflies weren't gonna be able to do that.

I think it'd be much more realistic for them to try to create a treatment. Maybe if you treat someone soon after being bitten you could stop the spread of the fungus (like with Ellie). The problem with this is, again, CSF flushes, so who knows if cordyceps would just start spreading again once the treatment was cleared.

TLDR: the fireflies wouldn't have been able to do shit with Ellie.