#brazilian sugar exporters

[henrywilson123]

Brazil leads global sugar production, supplying around 80% of the world's sugar from sugarcane. In 2022, production rose 3.4% to 36.3 million metric tons. Let's explore industry trends, forecasts, export data, and key players in Brazil's sugar export industry.

Visit: https://www.seair.co.in/blog/brazil-sugar-export.aspx

[allthebrazilianpolitics]

On the Brazilian Coast, a Tropical Town Beloved by Artists and Makers

A guide to Paraty, on the Costa Verde, with tips on where to stay, shop and island hop from the artist Vik Muniz and four other insiders.

Roughly halfway between São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro, the coastal town of Paraty (population 45,000) isn’t the easiest place to reach. It requires a four-hour, mostly mountainous drive from either city, a 45-minute helicopter charter or arrival by sea. It’s that relative seclusion that keeps the tourist hordes and unbridled development at bay, despite the town’s obvious appeal. Set on Brazil’s Costa Verde, with mountains covered in rainforest on one side and the emerald green waters of Ilha Grande Bay on the other, Paraty (pronounced para-CHEE by locals), preserves more than 30 blocks as its historic quarter, a grid of pedestrian-only cobblestone streets lined with whitewashed 18th- and 19th-century facades, many of them remnants of the Portuguese colonial era.

Startingin the mid-1600s, the town grew prosperous as a seaport during the country’s gold rush (many of the biggest gold mines were in the neighboring inland state Minas Gerais) — and as a hub for the slave trade. African slaves not only worked in the mines but built much of the town’s early infrastructure, such as its roads. Once the gold stopped coming through Paraty for export in the early 1700s, the town continued to harvest sugar cane and produce cachaça, the national spirit, before shifting its economic focus to the coffee trade. At the end of the 19th century, Santos, 190 miles to the south, supplanted Paraty as the country’s primary coffee-exporting port, and the town began to languish. “It fell off the map,” says Luana Assunção, the owner of the Rio-based travel company Free Walker Tours. “It became isolated and poor. Many houses were abandoned.”

By the 1970s, a new highway and an influx of urban transplants had given Paraty an infusion of new life. Lured by the area’s affordability, a number of artists, designers and other creative types began renovating the old mansions and opening a handful of galleries, boutiques, cafes and small hotels, turning the long-forgotten town into an alluring vacation destination.

“I was worried that mass tourism would endanger the future of the culture and the nature in Paraty, but it didn’t happen,” says the nature photographer Dom João de Orleans e Bragança, who has been visiting Paraty since 1968 and now lives there most of the year. He credits the strict building codes for imbuing the town with a certain timeless quality, even after the pandemic when the area’s second-home owners began spending more time in Paraty. “You’ll never see a skyscraper, and we don’t have big resorts or hotels here.”

Continue reading.

[dailyanarchistposts]

People

Hunger Has Natural Causes, Right?

Despite the fact that the world produces 1.5 times as much food as is needed to feed the human population, starvation and famine are endemic to modern capitalism. 900 million people die from starvation each year, but there is no global shortage of land to grow food. The UN estimates that there is enough land to feed a world population of 14 billion people. But what is it being used for? As in the ‘developed’ North, large landowners control the vast majority of land. In 83 countries, 3% of farmers control 79% of farmland, much of it left unused in order to maintain profits. Big Food made over $7bn profit from the South in 1990, and probably far more through transfer payments. It uses its economic power to force down the prices of rice, coffee, sugar, cocoa and cotton. Average prices in 1989 were 20% down on those of 1980. This led to an increase in foreign debt for Southern countries, with consequent increased economic hardship for the poor majority (higher taxes, inflation, etc.). Brazil has an area of farmland the size of India left uncultivated while 20 million rural poor are landless; the richest 1% owns 15 times as much land as the poorest 56% of Brazilian farmers. In Guatemala, 2% of landowners own 66% of the land. In the Philippines agribusiness producing sugar, cotton and pineapples for export has pushed 12 million peasants into the lowland forests.

Drought in Africa is part of a millennia-long cycle that human societies adapted to. It is cash crop exploitation, the market economy and taxation that produce starvation, not drought. During the 1970s, when famines first began to be reported regularly, ships that brought relief supplies to the port of Dakar left carrying peanuts, cotton, vegetables, and meat. In Bangladesh, often cited as the model for the Malthusian argument, 90% of the land is worked by sharecroppers and labourers. Many starved after the 1974 floods, while hoarders held on to four million tons of rice. In the mid-80’s severe famines occurred in the Sahel countries of Burkina Faso, Mali, Niger, Senegal and Chad yet during the same period record harvests of cotton were exported to the industrial centres of the world.

Cash crops go to feed the global supermarket, yielding higher profits for international capital and accelerating global industrialisation. Mexican soil and labour supplies almost 70% of the US market for much winter and early spring vegetables. The result is that agriculture for local consumption is squeezed out and the prices of staple foods rise. Up to 50% of total meat production in Central America is exported, mainly to North America. The “Green Revolution” of the 1970s and 1980s, that the ruling class said would feed the hungry, has in fact only supplied the global supermarket. The same will certainly be true of the ‘wonder crops’ of the GM revolution. The corporate claims that GM and industrial food production in general will ‘feed the world’ are straightforward lies. The maize/soya/ animal product system they are pushing so heavily is not a rational way to produce food — an acre of cereal is estimated to produce 5 times as much protein as one devoted to meat production, an acre of legumes (beans, peas, lentils) 10 times as much and an acre of leafy vegetables 15 times as much.

[beardedmrbean]

French farming unions are taking aim at the European Union’s free-trade agreements, which they say open the door to unfair competition from products arriving from overseas. At a time when the EU is urging farmers to adopt more sustainable – and sometimes more costly – agricultural practices, unions say these trade deals are making it hard for them to stay solvent.

French farmers say that one of their biggest fears is that Chilean apples, Brazilian grains and Canadian beef will flood the European market, thereby undermining their livelihoods. France’s farmers continued to demonstrate on the country’s motorways on Wednesday, protesting against rising costs, over-regulation and free-trade agreements –partnerships between the EU and exporting nations that the farming unions say leads to unfair competition. 

The EU has signed several free-trade agreements in recent years, all with the objective of facilitating the movement of goods and services. But farmers say the deals bring with them insurmountable challenges.

"These agreements aim to reduce customs duties, with maximum quotas for certain agricultural products and non-tariff barriers," said Elvire Fabry, senior researcher at the Jacques Delors Institute, a French think-tank dedicated to European affairs. "They also have an increasingly broad regulatory scope to promote European standards for investment, protection of intellectual property, geographical indications and sustainable development standards."

South American trade deal in the crosshairs

Some non-EU countries – such as Norway, Liechtenstein and Iceland – maintain comprehensive free-trade agreements with the EU because they are part of the European Economic Area. This allows them to benefit from the free movement of goods, services, capital and people.

Other nations farther afield have signed more variable agreements with the EU, including Canada, Japan, Mexico, Vietnam and Ukraine. The EU also recently signed an accord with Kenya and a deal with New Zealand that will come into force this year; negotiations are also under way with India and Australia.    

However, a draft agreement between the EU and the South American trade bloc Mercosur is creating the most concern. Under discussion since the 1990s, this trade partnership between Argentina, Brazil, Uruguay and Paraguay would create the world's largest free-trade area, a market encompassing 780 million people. 

French farmers are particularly concerned about the deal’s possible effect on agriculture. The most recent version of the text introduces quotas for Mercosur countries to export 99,000 tonnes of beef, 100,000 tonnes of poultry and 180,000 tonnes of sugar per year, with little or no customs duties imposed. In exchange, duties would also be lowered on exports from the EU on many “protected designation of origin” (PDO) products. 

At a time when the EU is urging farmers to adopt more sustainable agricultural practices, French unions say these agreements would open the door to massive imports – at more competitive prices – of products that do not meet the same environmental standards as those originating in Europe. French farmers are calling out what they say is unfair competition from farmers in South America who can grow GMO crops and use growth-promoting antibiotics on livestock, which is banned in the EU. 

Trade unions from various sectors went into action after the European Commission informed them on January 24 that negotiations with Mercosur could be concluded "before the end of this mandate", i.e., before the European Parliament elections in June.      

The FNSEA, France’s biggest farming union, immediately called for a "clear rejection of free-trade agreements" while the pro-environmental farming group Confédération Paysanne (Farmers' Confederation) called for an "immediate end to negotiations" on this type of agreement.   

A mixed record

"In reality, the impact of these free-trade agreements varies from sector to sector," said Fabry. "Negotiations prior to agreements aim to calibrate the opening up of trade to limit the negative impact on the most exposed sectors. And, at the same time, these sectors can benefit from other agreements. In the end, it's a question of finding an overall balance."

This disparity is glaringly obvious in the agricultural sector. "The wine and spirits industry as well as the dairy industry stand to gain more than livestock farmers, for example," said Fabry. These sectors are the main beneficiaries of free-trade agreements, according to a 2023 report by the French National Assembly.

"The existence of trade agreements that allow customs duty differentials to be eliminated is an 'over-determining factor' in the competitiveness of French wines," wrote FranceAgriMer, a national establishment for agriculture and maritime products under the authority of the French ministry of agriculture in a 2021 report. The majority of free-trade agreements lower or abolish customs duties to allow the export of many PDO products, a category to which many wines belong.

However, the impact on meat is less clear-cut. While FranceAgriMer says the balance between imports and exports appears to be in the EU's favour for pork, poultry exports seem to be declining as a result of the agreements. Hence the fears over the planned treaty with New Zealand, which provides for 36,000 tonnes of mutton to be imported into the EU, equivalent to 45% of French production in 2022. France,however, still has a large surplus of grains except for soya. 

‘A bargaining chip’

Beyond the impact on agriculture, "this debate on free-trade agreements must take into account other issues", said Fabry. "We are in a situation where the EU is seeking to secure its supplies and in particular its supplies of strategic minerals. Brazil's lithium, cobalt, graphite and other resource reserves should not be overlooked."

The agreement with Chile should enable strategic minerals to be exported in exchange for agricultural products. Germany strongly supports the agreement with Mercosur, as it sees it as an outlet for its industrial sectors, according to Fabry.

"In virtually all free-trade agreements, agriculture is always used as a bargaining chip in exchange for selling cars or Airbus planes," Véronique Marchesseau, general-secretary of the Confédération Paysanne, told AFP.

Michèle Boudoin, president of the French National Sheep Federation, told AFP that the agreement with New Zealand will "destabilise the lamb market in France".  

"We know that Germany needs to export its cars, that France needs to sell its wheat, and we're told that we need an ally in the Pacific tocounter China and Russia. But if that is the case, then we need help to be able to produce top-of-the-line lamb, for example," she said.

Finally, "there is a question of influence", said Fabry. "These agreements also remain a way for the EU to promote its environmental standards to lead its partners along the path of ecological transition, even if this has to be negotiated," said Fabry. 

Marc Fesneau, the French minister of agriculture, made the same argument. "In most cases, the agreements have been beneficial, including to French agriculture," Fesneau wrote on X last week, adding: "They will be even more so if we ensure that our standards are respected."

Mercosur negotiations suspended? 

As the farmers’ promised “siege” of Paris and other major locations across France continues, the French government has been trying to reassure agricultural workers about Mercosur, even though President Emmanuel Macron and Brazilian President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva relaunched negotiations in December. "France is clearly opposed to the signing of the Mercosur treaty," Prime Minister Gabriel Attal acknowledged last week.

The Élysée Palace even said on Monday evening that EU negotiations with the South American bloc had been suspended because of France's opposition to the treaty. The conditions are "not ripe" for concluding the negotiations, said Eric Mamer, spokesman for the European Commission. "However, discussions are ongoing." 

Before being adopted, the agreement would have to be passed unanimously by the European Parliament, then ratified individually by the 27 EU member states.

[palmoilnews]

TOP NEWS Agricultural Commodities > IGC trims global wheat, corn production forecasts > Argentine farmers abandon some wheat fields, hope for rain > Trader Wilmar cuts its estimate for Brazil sugar output > COLUMN-Recent strength in US soy sales not enough to lift export prospects -Braun > Conab lowers 2024 Brazil coffee crop estimate due to bad weather > GRAINS-CBOT wheat and corn ease on uninspiring export sales > Final preparations underway for China to resume Japan seafood imports, NHK says > Four Russian grain regions in state of emergency due to heavy rains > EU steadfast as Cocoa sector joins calls for deforestation law delay > SOFTS-Raw sugar hits five-month peak, coffee slips further > COLUMN-China forgoes US corn despite slowdown in Brazilian shipments -Braun > U.S. generated fewer renewable blending credits in August, EPA says > Food companies Ajinomoto and Danone launch partnership to cut dairy industry's CO2 > India to produce more rice this year despite heavy rains, minister says > VEGOILS-Palm oil rises for second day on firmer soyoil, Malaysia production

[knouzsblog]

Sugar requested from Brazil

To Brazilian exporters of sugar: We would like to import a small ship load of high quality sugar from Brazil. Only serious exporters are invited to submit their offer. For more shipment related details please don't hesitate to contact: Asfrah Ghazy, contract manager at Knouz for Import and Export, Damiette, Egypt +201061604877 mobile, WhatsApp and WeChat. Email: marketing@knouz.co

[b2btredingplatform]

https://www.tradologie.com/lp/news/detail/brazilian-sugar-exports-soar-by-50percentage-in-h1-2024-reports-shipping-firm-cargonave

Brazilian Sugar Exports Soar By 50% In H1 2024, Reports Shipping Firm Cargonave

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[seairexim]

The Sweet Success of Brazil Sugar Export Industry

In terms of exporting sugar, Brazil leads agricultural manufacturing worldwide, without question. Usually constructed from sugarcane, sugar is a staple of human food and is vital for international meal delivery structures. Together with different major producers, inclusive of China, Thailand, India, and the US, Brazil accounts for greater than 75% of world sugar manufacturing. Brazil might still be the pinnacle sugar manufacturer and exporter inside the world by 2022. This article looks at the motives for Brazil sugar export industry, gift tendencies, and destiny possibilities.

What Brazil's Sugar Exports Mean

One important factor in the economy of Brazil is the Brazil sugar export market. Brazil's rich terrain and temperate temperature make it a perfect place to grow sugarcane, which sustains millions of people's lives and generates significant income. Being the largest sugar exporter in the world, Brazil is essential to the worldwide supply chain.

Current Developments in the Sugar Industry of Brazil Rising Export Volumes

Brazil has always exported a lot of sugar, frequently more than 30 million tonnes a year. The constant output highlights Brazil's leading position in the world market. With rising investments in production capacity, the sugar export market in Brazil exhibits flexibility and resilience.

Export Destinations Diversification

Among Brazil's export targets are China, India, and the European Union. By diversifying, one lowers the risk of depending too much on one market. Sugar exporters in Brazil are aggressively looking for fresh chances to guarantee steady expansion and market presence.

World Sugar Demand is Rising in Developing Nations

Rising sugar consumption in developing countries is being driven by urbanisation and industrialization. As their food and beverage industries grow, nations like China and India are seeing notable increases in demand. Countries like Brazil, which export directly, gain from this growing demand.

News on Health and Sugar Substitutes

A slow move towards alternatives is being caused by the increasing attention given to the health consequences of sugar, despite the increasing calls. This trend has affected sugar exports from Brazil and future calls for styles.

Technological Progress

Technology Advancements in Agriculture

Brazilian farmers are adopting cutting-edge techniques to increase outputs and cut expenses, such as genetically modified crops and precision farming. Higher volumes of sugar exported from Brazil are also greatly aided by better irrigation methods.

Industry Automation

Processing plant automation raises production and efficiency. Brazil remains the world's top sugar exporter because of technologies like automated harvesting, which guarantees high-quality production at lower costs.

Agriculture Sustainability

Organic Agriculture Methods

The awareness of sustainability is rising, and Brazil leads the way in environmentally friendly farming methods. Major initiatives are to improve soil fitness and use fewer pesticides. These procedures help to sustain the high standards that Brazilian sugar exporters had anticipated.

Creation of Bioenergy

With two uses in the production of sugar and ethanol, sugarcane is a valuable crop in sustainable power solutions. Similarly increasing the significance of Brazilian sugar exports is ethanol produced from sugarcane, a major renewable biofuel.

Issues in the Market

Effects of Climate Change

The exchange of climate is a huge task because different weather patterns have an impact on sugarcane harvests. The whole supply chain is impacted by these interruptions, as is the dependability of Brazil's sugar exports.

Economic ups and downs

Sugar prices are subject to changes in the world economy. Brazilian sugar exporters may find themselves in difficult circumstances as a result of changes in exchange rates and economic downturns in importing countries.

Future Trend Predictions Sustaining Market Growth The food industry is growing, and the world population is rising; hence, sugar demand is predicted to rise. Brazil is positioned to continue to dominate among sugar exporting countries.

Trend Towards Organic Sugar Demand for less processed and organic sugar is being driven by health-conscious consumers. Brazil might have to change its production techniques to meet this market niche and guarantee steady sugar exports from the country.

Effect of Trade Agreements Lowering Trade Barriers

Brazil is aggressively seeking trade deals to lower tariffs and improve market access, therefore fortifying its competitive position as the world's largest sugar exporter.

Regional Development

New trade agreements can increase Brazil's export potential and solidify its position among the world's top sugar exporters by opening up hitherto unexplored markets, especially in Asia and Africa.

Economic Aspects of Revenue Generation in Brazil

Exports of sugar bring in a lot of money and help several economic sectors, including logistics and agriculture. The strong Brazilian sugar export sector guarantees steady economic expansion.

Career Options

Millions of people have jobs thanks to the sugar business, which advances the socioeconomic growth of the nation. A vital part of maintaining employment and economic stability in Brazil is played by sugar exporters.

Brazil Against Other Sugar Exporters Competitive Edge

Large-scale farms, Brazil's climate, and sophisticated technology set it apart from other suppliers including India and Thailand. This benefit enables Brazil to keep the rank of the biggest exporter of sugar worldwide.

Economic Share

Keeping a sizable market share, Brazil keeps exceeding rivals in terms of volume and quality of sugar exported. This supremacy helps to explain its ranking among the top sugar exporting nations.

Consumer Preferences and Changes in the Market Health-conscious consumers

Growing health concerns drive consumers towards natural, less processed sugars. Brazil is adjusting to changing tastes by pushing organic sugar products, therefore guaranteeing ongoing demand for Brazilian sugar exports.

Specialty Sugar Demand

Speciality sugars, including raw and unprocessed forms, are in increasing demand. By expanding its product line to fit these specific markets, Brazil is confirming its leadership in sugar exports.

The function of Government Policies Promoting Exports

Brazil's sugar sector is sustained by government policies, subsidies, and infrastructural expenditures, which help it remain the world's top sugar exporter.

Standards & Regulations

Strict rules guarantee that Brazilian sugar satisfies international standards, which increases its attractiveness to purchasers worldwide and guarantees a steady supply from Brazilian sugar exporters.

Conclusion

Within the international sugar trade, Brazil's sugar export market is quite important. Brazil is well-positioned to keep leading the way because of its cutting-edge technology, environmentally friendly practices, and strategic trade deals. The outlooks and tendencies for this important sector will change along with the world. You can, however, also use a variety of websites, such as Eximpedia and Seair Exim Solutions, to obtain import and export data reports, including extensive analysis.

[apoteksverigese]

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[allthebrazilianpolitics]

Brazil’s hinterland now resembles Texas

It is a land of “roughs”, not playboys

THINK OF BRAZIL and, if you’re like most people, you’ll think of palm-lined beaches, samba and caipirinhas. The cliché needs updating. In the past two decades the centre of political and economic gravity has started shifting from the humid coasts, to which Brazilians were said to cling “like crabs”, to the vast, arid plains of the interior. Its soundtrack is sertanejo (country music). The preferred beverage is cold beer.

Brazil’s census, its first in 12 years, showed a notable trend when it was published in June. Seven of the ten municipalities that have grown most are in the farmbelt in the southern half of the country and the centre-west. The population of the centre-west, which includes the states of Goiás, Mato Grosso and Mato Grosso do Sul plus the capital, Brasília (see map), grew by 1.2% a year, more than double the national rate. The south-east still has the most people and money—São Paulo state alone produces a third of Brazil’s GDP and is home to a fifth of its population. But even within that state, it is in the farmbelt where the population and economy are growing most.

Migrations within Brazil are nothing new. A movement from the poor north-east to the industrial hub around the city of São Paulo did much to shape the country’s economy and culture in the second half of the 20th century. Brazil’s current president, Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, is the most famous of the millions who made that journey. After a famine struck his birthplace in Pernambuco, his mother packed her eight children onto a pau de arara (macaw’s perch), a flatbed truck, and headed south. Lula rose to prominence as a trade-union leader in the car industry near São Paulo. Now when people leave the poor north-east they tend to head to the interior. What has changed is the perception of which activity can offer better lives, says Carlos Vian of the University of São Paulo. “Before, it was industry; not any more.”

The magnet that drew Lula to São Paulo has lost strength. In the mid-1980s manufacturing accounted for a third of Brazil’s GDP; now it represents just 10%. The country’s surplus in manufacturing trade, $6bn in 2005, became a deficit of $108bn by 2019. Productivity in manufacturing and services has stagnated or shrunk.

Cultivation, the basis of Brazil’s economy in the 19th century, has made a comeback. The country still exports coffee and sugar, which were once grown on plantations worked by slaves. Since the early 2000s voracious demand from China has encouraged a rise in production of soyabeans, grains and meat (see chart). Agricultural exports as a share of the total have more than quadrupled since 2000, to 40%. Today the sector accounts for a quarter of GDP and employs a similar share of workers. From 2002 to 2020 the economy of Mato Grosso, the soyabean heartland, grew by 4.7% a year in real terms, more than that of any other state and more than double the national rate.

The agri-business boom is slowly changing demography and culture. In the 1970s, more than four-fifths of population growth occurred in the biggest cities. In the past 12 years, during which the population grew more slowly, two-thirds of the growth has taken place in mid-size towns.

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[xtruss]

How Latin America Could Be a Commodities Superpower! It Must Not Squander the Opportunity of the Next Commodity Boom

— August 10th, 2023 | Leaders | Natural Resources

A Combine Harvester Crops Soybeans in a Field. Image: Getty Images

Over five centuries Latin America and its 2bn hectares of land have been a vital source of food, fuel and metals for the world. First looted by colonisers for gold, silver, cotton and sugar, it later supplied rubber and oil to Europe and the United States. Now Latin America faces a chance to become the 21st century’s commodity superpower. This time, it must use that chance to boost development at home.

The transition to clean energy will spark decades of demand for the metals needed to multiply solar and wind parks, power lines and electric cars. Latin America holds more than a fifth of the global reserves for five critical metals. It already dominates the mining of copper, pervasive across green technologies, and holds nearly 60% of the world’s known resources of lithium, used in all main e-vehicle battery types. It is also rich in silver, tin and nickel. And it will benefit even if the green transition sputters, thanks to recent discoveries of oil that could see it quench 5-10% of the global demand by 2030.

As the world goes greener it will also become more populous. By 2050 it may have nearly 10bn mouths to feed, up from 8bn now. That will fuel demand for the carbs, proteins and delicacies that Latin America produces aplenty. It already supplies more than 30% of the world’s corn, beef, poultry and sugar, and 60% of the world’s soyabeans. Eight out of ten cups of the world’s Arabica coffee are made from the region’s beans. By 2032 its net food exports may exceed $100bn, the largest in the world by far.

The region’s draw as a trading partner will be accentuated by superpower rivalries. As the West scrambles to diversify away from China, it wants more deals with Latin America, a largely neutral and peaceful region. As monied rivals also eye its riches, a new great game is under way: just last month Vale, a Brazilian mining company, sold 13% of its green-metal arm to Saudi-owned entities for $3bn; China earmarked $1.4bn to develop lithium production in Bolivia; and Europe pledged to invest €45bn in Latin American green projects.

The problem is that Latin America’s affair with commodities has rarely been happy. Past struggles over the spoils have catalysed coups, inequality and populism. Hugo Chávez, a Venezuelan despot, squandered his country’s oil boom, spending lavishly while underinvesting in the industry and stuffing it with cronies. Oil windfalls in Colombia and Ecuador led to premature deindustrialisation. As export receipts have surged, so have domestic currencies, strangling other export industries and tying the region’s fate to a volatile market. Latin America has endured countless booms and busts. Local economies are lopsided: on average, 80% of its countries’ exports comes from the export of raw materials.

To do better this time round, Latin American countries must get several things right. First they need to make sure the boom does indeed take place. At present, politics is holding it back. As left-wingers and populists have gained power, many countries in the region have passed or threatened laws that would raise taxes, nationalise reserves or shut out foreign investment. It is right and proper that governments want to maximise their rents, especially given how often they have been robbed in the past. But if they seek to take too much, or keep changing their minds, their reserves will not soon be tapped.

Sharing the bounty with communities that live near mines is also crucial. Locals complain that extraction endangers their livelihoods. This year protests stopped work for months at a Peruvian copper mine accounting for 2% of the world’s supply. Those communities are frequently ignored by national governments; mining firms have too often been involved in scandals or ruined the local environment. Unless both do more to alleviate grievances, progress will remain precarious. Money, often fought over by local bosses, cannot solve it all.

And governments should spend their money wisely. When prices are high they should stash some of the windfall in rainy-day funds that they can tap into to prop up state budgets when times get tough. Instead of splashing cash in a bid to build cutting-edge battery factories from scratch, governments should invest in the basics that enable new industries to emerge: education, health, infrastructure and research. The World Bank estimates that Brazil’s infrastructure-financing gap until 2030 is almost $800bn, 3.7% of gdp each year. Latin America has a historic chance to grow out of its resource trap. It should seize it. ■

— This Article appeared in the Leaders Section of the Print Edition under the headline "Cash and Quarry"

[roamanddiscover]

Brazil

Welcome to Brazil, a nation rich in history, culture, and natural wonders. From the dense Amazon rainforest to the vibrant cities of Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo, Brazil offers a diverse range of experiences for visitors. This comprehensive guide will take you through the country's fascinating history, geography, culture, and ecology, providing you with all the information you need to plan a wonderful trip to Brazil. The name Brazil has an uncertain origin, but it is widely believed to have come from the Portuguese word "brasa," meaning ember or burning coal. This is thought to refer to the reddish color of the wood that European colonizers found in abundance when they first arrived in the country. Over time, the name evolved into "brasil," which became the official name of the country when it gained independence from Portugal in 1822. The history of Brazil is long and complex, with evidence of human habitation dating back thousands of years. Before the arrival of the Europeans in the 16th century, the indigenous people of Brazil had developed a diverse and sophisticated culture. The arrival of the Portuguese in 1500 marked the beginning of a period of colonization, which would last for more than three centuries. During this time, Brazil became a major producer of sugar, coffee, and other commodities, thanks in large part to the forced labor of enslaved Africans. The country gained independence from Portugal in 1822, and since then has seen significant periods of political and social change. Brazil is home to a vast array of geological formations, from the mountain ranges of the Andes to the extensive coastal plains and river basins. The country is particularly well-known for its mineral wealth, including vast reserves of iron, gold, and other precious metals. Brazil is the largest country in South America, covering an area of approximately 8.5 million square kilometers. The country is home to a diverse range of landscapes, including the Amazon rainforest, the Brazilian Highlands, and the Pantanal wetlands. Brazil also has over 7,000 kilometers of coastline, which includes some of the world's most famous beaches. Brazil is one of the world's most biodiverse countries, with thousands of species of plants and animals found nowhere else on Earth. However, the country's incredible natural heritage is under threat from deforestation, pollution, and climate change. Efforts are underway to protect these natural wonders and preserve Brazil's unique ecology for future generations. Brazil has a varied climate, with different regions experiencing different temperature and humidity levels throughout the year. The country's equatorial and tropical regions are known for their hot and humid weather, while the southern regions can experience cold winters. Brazil is also susceptible to natural disasters such as floods and droughts. Brazil is facing a number of critical environmental challenges, including deforestation, pollution, and climate change. The country has the largest area of rainforest in the world, but that forest is being destroyed at an alarming rate. Pollution from industrial and agricultural activities is also a major concern, as is the impact of climate change on Brazil's delicate ecosystems. Brazil has a complex political system, with a federal presidential representative democratic republic. The country has a long history of political unrest, with numerous coups, civil wars, and other conflicts throughout its history. Most recently, Brazil has been undergoing a period of political turmoil, with allegations of corruption and a controversial impeachment process leading to significant social and economic upheaval. Brazil is one of the world's largest economies, with a diverse range of industries including agriculture, industry, and tourism. Major Brazilian exports include coffee, soybeans, and iron ore, among other commodities. Despite its economic strength, Brazil has also struggled with high levels of inequality and poverty in many parts of the country. Brazil has a well-developed transportation, communication, and energy infrastructure, with extensive networks of roads, railways, airports, and ports. The country is also investing heavily in renewable energy sources like hydroelectricity and wind power, as well as expanding its internet and mobile phone networks to provide better connectivity for its citizens. Brazil is a major contributor to the fields of science and technology, with advances in areas like aerospace, biotechnology, and energy. The country has made major investments in its research and development infrastructure, and has produced notable scientific achievements including the development of the world's first commercial jet airliner and involvement in the Large Hadron Collider project. Brazil has produced many notable figures in the arts, sports, and politics. Some famous Brazilian figures include the writer Paulo Coelho, the soccer player Pelé, and the former president Dilma Rousseff. Brazil is a diverse and multicultural country, with a population of over 200 million people. The country has a complex ethnic and racial makeup, with significant Indigenous, Afro-Brazilian, and European populations. The Indigenous peoples of Brazil have lived in the country for thousands of years and are an important part of its cultural heritage. Afro-Brazilian populations also make up a significant portion of the population, having been brought to the country during the period of slavery. European immigration has also played a major role in shaping Brazil's demographic makeup. Religion is an important part of Brazilian culture, with a diversity of traditions represented in the country. Catholicism is the dominant religion, but there is also a significant Protestant population as well as followers of Afro-Brazilian religions like Candomblé and Umbanda. Portuguese is the official language of Brazil, but there are also numerous Indigenous languages spoken throughout the country. English and Spanish are also widely spoken in some areas, particularly in tourist destinations. Brazil has made significant progress in improving healthcare access and outcomes in recent years, but there are still significant challenges facing the country. Diseases like malaria and dengue fever are major concerns in some areas, and access to healthcare can be limited in rural or remote areas. Brazilian culture is rich and diverse, with a vibrant arts scene, celebrations of music and dance, and unique culinary traditions. From the Samba music and Carnival celebrations of Rio de Janeiro to the capoeira martial arts and Afro-Brazilian religions found throughout the country, there is no shortage of cultural experiences to explore in Brazil. Visitors to Brazil have a wealth of activities to choose from, depending on their interests and preferences. From outdoor adventures like hiking and surfing to cultural experiences like visiting museums and attending festivals, there is always something to do in Brazil. Brazil is home to many vibrant and dynamic cities, each with its own unique flavor and character. From the bustling metropolis of São Paulo to the historic city of Salvador, Brazil's cities are filled with countless cultural and historical attractions. Brazil is also home to some of the most picturesque and charming cities in the world, including Olinda and Paraty. These cities offer visitors a unique glimpse into Brazil's rich history and culture, and are well worth a visit. With so many natural and cultural wonders to explore, it can be hard to know where to start when planning a trip to Brazil. Some of the country's most iconic and spectacular sights include the towering Christ the Redeemer statue in Rio de Janeiro and the breathtaking Iguazu Falls on the border between Brazil and Argentina. Brazilian cuisine is diverse and delicious, with a wide variety of flavors and influences from around the world. Be sure to try traditional dishes like feijoada, a hearty stew made with black beans and pork, and sip on a refreshing caipirinha, a cocktail made from cachaça and lime juice. When planning a trip to Brazil, it's important to choose the right flight options to ensure a smooth and hassle-free journey. Consider factors like the time of year, the airline, and any layover options when booking your flight to Brazil. There are countless accommodation options available in Brazil, ranging from luxurious resorts to budget-friendly hostels. Some popular options include beachfront resorts in Rio de Janeiro and cozy bed and breakfasts in smaller towns and cities throughout the country. it's worth exploring how Brazil is perceived by outsiders, through literature, film, and popular culture. From the works of famous Brazilian authors like Jorge Amado to the classic film City of God, there are countless examples of how Brazil has been represented and interpreted by artists and thinkers around the world.

Etymology

The name Brazil has a fascinating history that dates back centuries. The most widely accepted theory is that the name comes from the Brazilian word "pau-brasil," which means "Brazilwood tree." This tree was once abundant in the region and was highly valued for its red dye. During the 16th century, Portuguese explorers arrived in the region and began using the name Brazil to refer to the land. The name soon became commonly used, and in 1822, Brazil gained its independence from Portugal and adopted the name as its official name. But the origins and evolution of the name Brazil are not without controversy. There are some theories that suggest the name may have come from other sources, such as the Celtic word "breas" meaning "noble" or the Arabic word "barazil" meaning "red like an ember." Regardless of its origins, the name Brazil has become synonymous with a vibrant and dynamic country that is rich in history, culture, and natural wonder. So, whether the name comes from the Brazilwood tree, the Celtic word for noble, or the Arabic word for red, there is no denying that Brazil is a country that continues to captivate and inspire people from around the world.

History

Brazil has a rich and complex history that spans thousands of years, from the pre-Columbian era to the present day. The country’s indigenous peoples, who arrived in the region over 13,000 years ago, have a diverse and fascinating history that is still being uncovered by archaeologists today. However, it was during the colonial period that Brazil's history was shaped in ways that still affect the country today. Brazil was initially colonized by the Portuguese in 1500, and it remained a Portuguese colony until 1822. During this time, Brazil was exploited for its resources, including gold and diamonds, while its native population was subjected to slavery and forced labor on the sugar and coffee plantations. In 1808, Portugal's King Dom João VI fled to Brazil to escape Napoleon’s invasion of Portugal. This event would prove to be a turning point in Brazilian history, as it led to increased economic development and a shift towards political independence. In 1822, Brazil declared its independence from Portugal, and Dom Pedro I became the first emperor of Brazil. The imperial period of Brazilian history was marked by a number of challenges, including economic instability, political unrest, and the abolition of slavery in 1888. In 1889, Brazil became a republic and adopted a new constitution. Throughout the 20th century, Brazil's history was marked by political instability, dictatorship, and social unrest. In 1964, a military coup overthrew the democratically-elected government, and Brazil remained under military rule for over 20 years. However, the late 20th century also saw significant progress in Brazil, particularly in terms of social and economic development. In 1985, Brazil returned to democratic rule, and in the years that followed, the country made significant strides in reducing poverty, expanding access to healthcare and education, and promoting human rights. Today, Brazil is a complex and diverse country with a rich cultural heritage and a vibrant economy. From its indigenous roots to its colonial past and modern-day challenges, Brazil's history is a fascinating and vital part of its national identity. Geology Brazil's geology is known for its richness and diversity. The country sits on the South American Plate and is one of the largest countries in the continent, occupying almost half of its landmass. The country's geography is also a result of its past, where various geological events shaped its landscape. One of Brazil's most significant geological features is the Brazilian central plateau, which is a massive landform comprising different elevation levels ranging from 300 to 1000 meters above the sea level. Many rivers originate from the plateau, including the Paraná, Paraguay, and São Francisco Rivers. Brazil is home to several mountain ranges, including the Serra do Mar, Serra da Mantiqueira, and Serra do Espinhaço. These mountains are a result of the tectonic forces that caused the separation of the South American Plate from the African Plate. The Serra do Mar, located along Brazil's coast, runs parallel to it, forming a natural barrier against strong winds, preventing sedimentary erosion as well as offering a unique ecosystem. Brazil's rich mineral deposits have played an essential role in the country's economy. The country is home to some of the world's largest mineral reserves, including iron ore, gold, bauxite, and copper. The Carajás Mine, located in the state of Pará, is regarded as the world's largest iron ore deposit. Gold mines are also found in various parts of the country, including Serra Pelada, where it fueled a massive gold rush during the 1980s. The country's mineral industry is also essential in the development of many other fields, including construction, energy industry, and transportation. The geological structure of Brazil has also led to the formation of various gemstones, including blue topaz, amethyst, and aquamarine. The country is also the largest producer of niobium, a mineral used in the production of steel. Brazil's geology plays a vital role in shaping its ecosystem, including its climate, land use, and vegetation. The Amazon rainforest, the world's largest tropical rainforest, covers up to 60% of Brazil's landmass, and it is home to several diverse species of plants and animals. River dynamics and coastal geomorphology also offer unique ecosystems that support livelihoods and biodiversity. Brazil's geology is incredibly diverse and rich, from the Brazilian central plateau to its mineral reserves. The country's unique geography has also contributed to animal and plant diversity, making it one of the world's most important centers of biodiversity. Geography Brazil is the fifth largest country in the world and it is famous for its unique and diverse geography. The country's geography can be divided into five main regions: North, Northeast, Center-West, Southeast, and South. The Amazon rainforest covers the majority of Brazil's North region, while the Northeast region is known for its dry and hot climate. Center-West Brazil is home to the Pantanal, the largest wetlands in the world, and the impressive Cerrado biome. The Southeast part of Brazil is where Rio de Janeiro is located, and it is famous for its stunning coastline, beautiful beaches, and mountainous terrain. The South region includes the iconic Iguazu Falls and is also home to Brazil's wine country. With such distinct regions, Brazil boasts a diverse range of flora and fauna. The Amazon rainforest, in particular, is known as the "lungs of the world" due to its contribution to the air we breathe. It is also home to numerous plant and animal species, including exotic birds, monkeys, and jaguars. The Pantanal is another must-visit location in Brazil, home to an array of wildlife such as capybaras, anacondas, and giant otters. For beach lovers, Brazil's coastline offers endless sandy stretches to explore. The city of Rio de Janeiro is famous for its lively beaches such as Copacabana and Ipanema, while quieter options can be found in destinations such as Jericoacoara and Ilha Grande. Visitors to Brazil can also explore its mountainous regions, such as the Serra dos Órgãos National Park, and hike amongst the stunning landscapes. In addition to its natural beauty, Brazil has also built impressive human-made structures, such as the Brasilia Palace, an iconic example of modernist architecture. Brazil's geography is a treasure trove of natural wonders and man-made delights, offering something for every type of traveler. Ecology Brazil is home to one of the most diverse ecosystems on the planet. Its abundant biodiversity includes more than 55,000 known species of plants, 1,600 species of birds, 695 reptile species, 578 mammal species, and 651 amphibian species. The Amazon rainforest, which covers 60% of Brazil’s landmass, is the most extensive and biodiverse tropical rainforest in the world. Here, you can find everything from jaguars and giant otters to pink river dolphins and poison dart frogs. However, despite its remarkable biodiversity, Brazil’s ecology is under threat. The Amazon rainforest is being destroyed at an alarming rate due to deforestation, mining, and agriculture. This not only destroys the habitat of countless species of plants and animals but also contributes to climate change by releasing large amounts of carbon into the atmosphere. Brazil is also home to the Pantanal wetlands, the world's largest tropical wetland, which is in danger due to devastating wildfires. Brazil is also home to unique environments, including the Cerrado, a vast savanna that is home to many endangered species, and the Caatinga, a sparsely wooded dry forest, which is home to species such as the jaguarundi and the maned wolf. Brazil has more than 8,500 km of coastline, hosting a vast array of marine life, including turtles, whales, and dolphins. However, overfishing, pollution, and oil spills pose a significant threat to the marine ecosystem. The Brazilian government has taken significant steps to protect its ecology, including creating protected areas such as national parks, wilderness reserves, and ecological reserves. Initiatives such as the Zero Deforestation Law, which aims to reduce the illegal logging in the Amazon rainforest, have also been implemented. Conservation organizations and individuals are working together to conserve Brazil's unique ecosystems, but more needs to be done to ensure the survival of its biodiversity. Brazil's incredible biodiversity makes it a unique and valuable ecological treasure that must be protected. It faces many challenges, including deforestation, mining, agriculture, and climate change, which must be addressed if its ecosystems are to survive and thrive. By taking steps to protect its natural resources and collaborating with conservation organizations, Brazil can preserve its natural heritage for future generations to enjoy.

Climate

Brazil's climate is as varied as its geography. There are five climatic regions in Brazil: equatorial, tropical, semi-arid, highland tropical, and subtropical. The equatorial region covers the north and northwest of Brazil, including the Amazon Basin. Read the full article

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TOP NEWS Agricultural Commodities > FranceAgriMer slashes soft wheat export forecasts after poor crop > Brazil farm export revenue slips into negative territory as soy tumbles > Small global coffee surplus seen next season, Rabobank says > COLUMN-China forgoes US corn despite slowdown in Brazilian shipments -Braun > Sovecon lowers Russia's 2024 grain crop forecast to 124.4 mln tons > GRAINS-Soy ticks up on drought concerns, traders eye US harvest > Sugarcane yields in key Brazil region fall over 7% > Green group sues Tyson Foods for allegedly false climate claims > SOFTS-Raw sugar settles at 5-month high, coffee dips > Brazil farm retailer AgroGalaxy files for bankruptcy, shares tumble > India's wheat curbs insufficient; traders demand stock release > VEGOILS-Palm closes 3% higher on short-covering, stronger rival oils > Argentina raises biofuel prices for domestic market > Taiwan denounces China for ending tariff exemptions on farm goods > Italy reported bluetongue outbreaks in sheep, cattle and a camel, WOAH says

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https://www.tradologie.com/lp/news/detail/brazilian-agricultural-exports-achieve-record-breaking-37-44-billion-in-the-first-quarter-of-2024

Brazilian Agricultural Exports Achieve Record-Breaking $37.44 Billion In The First Quarter Of 2024

The spike in foreign sales of sugars (+US$2.52 billion), cotton (+US$997.41 million), and green coffee (+US$563.64 million) during the course of these three months was the primary driver of the balance and the primary cause of the rise in Brazilian exports. The increase in soybean exports (-US$ 901.30 million) and soybean oil (-US$ 543.45 million) more than made up for the decline in corn exports (-US$ 1.2 billion).

[bestplacevisit]

Rio de Janeiro, the capital of the state in which it is located in Brazil, is the second-largest city in the country after São Paulo. Rio de Janeiro, known worldwide for its destinations and entertainments such as the Rio Carnival, samba dance, Christ the Redeemer Statue, Maracanã Stadium, Ipanema Beach, has many touristic areas and natural beauties that will spice up your trip beyond these well-known ones. If we look at the history of the city; Rio de Janeiro, inhabited by the Amazons, was discovered by Portuguese travelers on January 1, 1502. In the 1500s, Guanabara Bay, the area where the city is located, was attacked and invaded by the French many times. In the 17th century, when it was noticed that gold and diamonds were found in the region, the city became an important point in terms of exports. In 1763, the capital of the Portuguese American colony was moved from Salvador to Rio de Janeiro, and after Napoleon's invasion of Portugal, many noble families fled from Lisbon to Rio de Janeiro. After this event, the city became the capital of the kingdom and became the only European capital outside of Europe. With the arrival of the nobles in the city, many local people had to leave their homes and everything special to the local people was left to the nobles. In the same period, there was an influx of slaves from Africa to this region, and the number of slaves in the city reached 220,000 in the 1800s. After Prince Pedro declared the independence of Brazil in 1822, Rio de Janeiro continued to be the capital. The city became famous for its beaches and Capacabana Palace Hotel in the 1930s, and many people from many countries of the world began to flock to this beach party city. Rio de Janeiro hosted the Pan American Games in 2007, the FIFA World Cup in 2014, and World Youth Day in 2013. Where is Rio de Janeiro? Rio de Janeiro, the capital of its state, is located in the southeast of Brazil, a South American country. To the south of the city is the Atlantic Ocean and to the east is the Gulf of Guanabara. When to Go to Rio de Janeiro Visiting Rio de Janeiro in a hot sun and on rainless days will make your exploration of the city more enjoyable, so we can say that the months that should be your priority in your Rio trip are between December and March. Especially if you coincide your trip with the month of February, you can have the chance to experience the world-famous Rio Carnival. February is one of the months with the most touristic visits to the city, offering magnificent panoramic views and feeling the samba dance to your bones. If you want to experience Rio's unique festivals and February is not a suitable date for you, there is a second alternative that is just as lively in the city: the Mae Bumba Carnival, which is held by the locals of the Amazon in June. September – February coincide with the summer months of the city and temperatures reach 40 degrees in this period. Especially during the period from January to March, the temperature in the city intensifies. At the same time, the most precipitation is seen in the summer period. It is the period between March and August, which is the winter months, with the least precipitation and the average temperature is 24 - 25 degrees. Tourists usually show interest in the city on these dates to sunbathe on the beach and explore the city. April and May are the best times to visit the Amazon Region. During this period, the boat shows held in Rio attract the attention of tourists. June to September is the period with the least fog and precipitation for Corcovado and Sugar Loaf. You can also make your trip fun by participating in the Bonfire Festivals (June), Rio BR Film Festival (September - October), Brazilian Grand Prix Horse Races (August) in the country between these months. Where to Stay in Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro is Brazil's coastal metropolis and its third most populous city. The climate of this city, which means "January River" in Portuguese, is tropical.

In this Portuguese-speaking coastal city, you can find hotels according to your budget, join the party life, or isolate yourself from the crowd and relax. Rio de Janeiro Hotels Rio de Janeiro, which is on the coast of the Atlantic Ocean, is a very rich city with its cultural and complex iconic monuments. In this region, which is famous for its samba and festivals, besides the touristic places, you can visit the free museums, if you are interested in Portuguese, you can visit the libraries to get acquainted with Portuguese literature. If you are into street art and graffiti, great pieces await you in many places. Arguably the most famous festival of the year is the Rio Festival. Of course, this vibrant city has many more festivals to offer. For example Umbanda, Sea Goddess Festival, June Bonfire Festival, Brazil's Independence Day, Saint Sebastian Celebration Day. If you have the chance and time, you can watch the Plataforma Samba show and go on a daily tour of Rio. Places to visit in Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro, a dreamy country that can give you all kinds of experiences with its golden beaches, lush mountains and forests, nightlife enchanted by samba, the famous Christ the Redeemer Statue, and world-renowned favelas. Rio de Janeiro Attractions Rio is a country that hosts many places to see in terms of history, nature, and entertainment. Ipanema Beach, Copacabana Beach, Christ the Redeemer Statue, Sugar Loaf Mountain, Maracanã Stadium, Tijuca National Park, Samba City, its favelas, Brazilian National Museum, Rio de Janeiro Botanical Garden, Brazilian National Museum are some of the most visited attractions. Detailed information about these places. Rio de Janeiro City Transportation There are buses that you can use in Rio De Jenairo city transportation, luxury buses called frescao, metro, minibuses, taxis, ferries and train network. In general, the means of transportation in Rio are safe for tourists, but we recommend that you prefer a taxi first at night. We can say that Rio's urban transportation is cheaper than other countries. BRT (Bus Rapid Transit) buses are frequently used for transportation from the airport to the city and within the city. These buses, which have an extensive network, cost 3.40 Brazilian real and these lines operate 24 hours a day. The metro network, consisting of two main lines Linha 1 (red) and Linha 2 (green), is the fastest means of transportation between the south, north and center of the city. You can reach many touristic areas by metro. The subway fare is 3.10 Brazilian reals and the subways are open from 05:00 am to midnight on regular days, and from 07:00 am to 11:00 pm on holidays. Taxis are the safest means of transport, which work quite well in Rio and especially at night. Taxi fares vary according to your luggage weight, holidays and time zones. The taxi starts at 5.20 Brazilian real and adds 2.05 real per kilometer. You can take a ferry or hire one of the private boats to go by sea to the nearby coastal towns, Gunabara and Niteroi. There is a 400-kilometer bike-friendly route in the city of Rio, there are also many bike rental businesses in the city, and it can be a pleasant option to complete your trip by bike. If you want, you can rent a car both from the airport and in the city, but we do not recommend renting a car in a city where you are visiting for the first time. Cuisine of Rio de Janeiro Brazilian cuisine, which is highly influenced by American and African cuisines, is a cuisine with a wide variety of dishes. Root vegetables are the most common type you will come across in Brazilian dishes. In addition, tropical fruits are frequently used in meals as they grow very well in the region. Mango, papaya, pineapple, guava, and granadilla fruits are the fruits you'll most likely encounter. Most dishes use beans and rice, with the most preferred animal products being beef, pork and seafood. Brazil's most famous dish is feijoada, also known as black bean stew with smoked meat.

Main dishes also include local delicacies such as vatapa made with a walnut and cashew nut dish, moqueca de peixe, a coconut-flavored fish stew, cururu de camaro, a combination of shrimp and okra, and chancaca made with a flaked salmon and pineapple. If we look at the Brazilian breakfast culture, breakfast is served early in the country and morning coffee is the most important part of breakfast. Ipanema district for cheap juices and the most successful dishes, Gavea district for luxury meals with lake views, Copacabana district for ethnic dishes and small buffets, Flamengo district and its surroundings for pizza and Japanese delicacies, Centro district for a good lunch on stone streets. We have compiled the most famous Rio restaurants for you: CT Boucherie: Lamb, duck breast, grilled vegetables and grilled fish are the most preferred dishes in the traditional barbecue restaurant prepared by the city's most famous chef, Claude Troisgros. Located in Ipanema, the restaurant has a pleasant ambiance. Casa Momus: One of Lapa's most popular restaurants, Casa Momus has a menu influenced by Mediterranean cuisine. Shrimp croquette, spicy gorgonzola, fried polenta, sesame tuna, pork tenderloin are some of the most preferred dishes at the restaurant. In addition, the restaurant is decorated in a 19th-century building. Espirito Santa: Located in the Santa Teresa district, the restaurant has a large terrace and an amazing view. Influenced by Amazonian and Northeastern cuisine, you can experience a delicious river fish pintado and Amazonian juices at the restaurant. Lasai: The meals in the daily menu, created with daily fresh vegetables from the chef's garden, are very successful and no customers are accepted without reservation. Boulangerie Guerin: The French patisserie that offers Rio's best croissants, sweet table sugar (chocolate filled pastry) and eclairs can be a place to choose in the Copacabana region. In addition to the traditional restaurants in the city, you can reach the restaurants of the well-known chains in shopping centers or on busy streets. However, we recommend that you try Brazilian flavors instead of known flavors, as Brazilian dishes are light. Shopping in Rio De Janeiro Rio's shopping options are known for appealing to all tastes and income groups. From the modern shopping centers of Zona Sul to the stylish boutiques of Ipanema, the city is a frequent destination especially for fashionistas. You can feel the atmosphere of Paris, Milan in Rio De Janeiro fashion shopping. Authentic clothing, jewellery, handicrafts and musical instruments are some of Rio's most preferred products. There are some products we recommend to take home from Rio. There are many products that you can buy, especially in the field of art. Local and primitive artifacts, antiques, handmade hammocks, bird sculptures, brightly colored cloth kites, leather bags and belts are among the most purchased items. You can buy musical instruments such as Berimbau, which are used especially in carnival, as souvenirs or to remind you of Rio in your home. Due to the fact that it is a coastal city, Rio's swimsuits and slippers are also very famous. The city, which has an advanced sense of fashion compared to Europe and North America, has many boutiques and you can shop for clothes from them. One of the most purchased items in Rio is gemstones. Many stones such as amethys, aquamarine, opal, topaz, diamond, emerald, ruby, sapphire are produced in Brazil and you can find such precious stones everywhere from the city center to the side streets. If we talk about shopping spots, Ipanema is the place that hosts the most sophisticated boutiques of the city. The main shopping center is Rua Visconde de Piraja. In addition, there are many shops worth seeing in the side streets of the region. The Hippie Fair, which opens on Sundays in Praca General Osoria, is also a very popular place and you can buy some artistic products such as rugs, upholstery, carpets and paintings.

The most preferred region for jewelry is the west side of Ipanema. Copacabana region, on the other hand, is one of the cheapest and most preferred regions apart from clothing. The most suitable places for bargaining are the markets in the side streets. Apart from these regions, shopping centers in the city are generally open between 09:00 and 18:00. In shopping malls with high demand, the closing time can reach 22.00. The most preferred shopping centers are Village Mall, Shopping Nova America, Shopping Tijuca, Shopping Rio Sul, Shopping Leblon and Shopping Recreio. We can say that the prices of shopping centers with many chains are above the average. Nightlife in Rio De Janeiro Of course, we cannot separate the nightlife from the samba parties, as one of the first things that comes to mind when Rio De Janeiro is mentioned is the samba dance. In addition, the city starts to come alive every night after 22:00 and live music, nightclubs, bars, concerts, street parties are lively in many places. Especially the street parties of Rio will give you unforgettable moments, but we can say that this high-end entertainment is more expensive than other cities. There are mobile alcohol sellers on the street and their prices are cheaper than in the venues, it is more reasonable to consume alcohol on the street before entering your destination. If it is your priority to choose national drinks in the places you will go, it may be more affordable. Leaving a 10% tip is almost mandatory in Brazilian culture. In most bars, ID is required, carrying ID is mandatory in the city, so you should have your passport with you to avoid any problems. In Rio, you cannot enter many bars in slippers or shorts. We would like to point out that in some places, you will be taken inside based on the outside appearance. Bars are generally open between 18.00-02.00 and nightclubs between 23.00-05.00. Beer costs between 6 - 10 reals, while cocktails average 22 - 30 reals. Lapa is one of the regions where nightlife is most lively. Almost all bars and nightclubs are located here. Hippie-style bars, samba parties and electro music are common in the area where street parties are intense. The Zona Sul area, on the other hand, is very famous for its home-style parties. Copacabana and Ipanema districts are also surrounded by bars, the bars in these areas will be more shabby but will offer you a colorful night. Praça Sao Salvador area is a more sports-oriented night entertainment center with jugglers, pop-up theater performers, skateboarders. The Arcos do Teles area, on the other hand, offers entertainment in a more artistic area with its cobblestone streets and colonial architecture, and you can also consider enjoying the city in the bars in the area as an option. We have compiled the most selected places in Rio for you. Fosfobox: Located in the very heart of Copacabana, next to the Siqueira Campos metro station, Fosfobox; It is one of the most preferred venues for genres such as deephouse, rock & roll, hip-hop. You can dance all night long at the bar, which offers a variety of cocktails. Febarj: Perfectly located in Lapa, Febarj holds Brazilian nights on Fridays and Saturdays and enjoys the local dance of samba, otherwise it is one of the top destinations for Brazilian hip hop. Circo Voador: It is in Circo Lapa, one of the most famous nightclubs in the city. You can listen to live music by local bands in the venue, which is a concert venue. Rio de Janeiro Festivals The city, which hosts many festivals besides the Rio Carnival, is undoubtedly one of the most colorful cities in the world in terms of festivals. Coinciding your trip with one of these festivals will cause you to spend your time better. Christmas Celebrations: From December 25 to January 1, Christmas week is celebrated in the city in a very colorful way. Many places are decorated and with song, dance and music, many people from all over the world gather at Rodrigo de Freitas lagoon to see the world's tallest floating Bradesco Seguros Christmas Tree.

Umbanda-Sea Goddess Festival: Every year on 31 December, Umbanda religious people and tourists gather on the beaches of Copacabana, Ipanema, Leblon to pay homage to the sea goddess Lemanja. The local people, who decorate the daytime with dances and entertainment on December 31st, sail into the sea on rafts equipped with gifts such as flowers, perfume and rice water, and present these gifts to the sea god. Brazilian Independence Day: September 7, Brazilian Independence Day is a public holiday, and thousands of people take to the streets to celebrate the liberation from Portuguese colonialism. The day with parades and fireworks displays is quite colorful. Rio de Janeiro Public Holidays New year: January 1 Rio Carnival: February/March Easter: April Brazilian National Day: 21 April Labor Day: May 1 Catholic Feast: May 26 Brazilian Independence Day: September 7 Day of the Dead: November 2 Republic Day: 15 November Christmas: December 25 *The above holidays belong to the 2017 calendar and change according to the years. Useful Information for Rio De Janeiro Fire Brigade: 193 Police: 190 Ambulance: 192 Official Language of Rio De Janeiro The official language of Rio De Janeiro is Portuguese. Most of the country speaks Portuguese. The number of people who speak English is also quite high, as there are many immigrants from Europe and Asia in the country where Spanish is also common.