#interprocess
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Okay, got multiprocessing working, next thing is going to be setting up a process and interprocess queue for downloading
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KaiaGPT, I don't understand the difference between processes and threads. Can you please tell what those are?
Certainly!
The most obvious distinction is that a process has its own virtual address space, while threads within a process share their memory and file descriptors. So for instance, two threads could access the same global variables, and changes to one would be reflected in the other thread. This means that it's easier to communicate between threads, but also potentially problematic in that any thread may modify shared memory in a way another thread wasn't expecting. This makes synchronization an important concern in threaded code. In contrast, processes do not, by default, share memory, so they communicate through OS-provided interprocess communication, such as pipes, files, or explicitly-created shared memory pages.
Note that while threads and processes exist on many operating systems, the exact details of their implementation differ from one OS to another.
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Price: [price_with_discount] (as of [price_update_date] - Details) [ad_1] The Linux Programming Interface (TLPI) is the definitive guide to the Linux and UNIX programming interface—the interface employed by nearly every application that runs on a Linux or UNIX system. In this authoritative work, Linux programming expert Michael Kerrisk provides detailed descriptions of the system calls and library functions that you need in order to master the craft of system programming, and accompanies his explanations with clear, complete example programs. You'll find descriptions of over 500 system calls and library functions, and more than 200 example programs, 88 tables, and 115 diagrams. You'll learn how to: –Read and write files efficiently –Use signals, clocks, and timers –Create processes and execute programs –Write secure programs –Write multithreaded programs using POSIX threads –Build and use shared libraries –Perform interprocess communication using pipes, message queues, shared memory, and semaphores –Write network applications with the sockets API While The Linux Programming Interface covers a wealth of Linux-specific features, including epoll, inotify, and the /proc file system, its emphasis on UNIX standards (POSIX.1-2001/SUSv3 and POSIX.1-2008/SUSv4) makes it equally valuable to programmers working on other UNIX platforms. The Linux Programming Interface is the most comprehensive single-volume work on the Linux and UNIX programming interface, and a book that's destined to become a new classic. Publisher : No Starch Press,US; 1st edition (1 October 2010) Language : English Hardcover : 1552 pages ISBN-10 : 1593272200 ISBN-13 : 978-1593272203 Item Weight : 2 kg 440 g Dimensions : 18.42 x 5.72 x 24.13 cm Country of Origin : USA Importer : Penguin Random House India Pvt Ltd Packer : Penguin Random House India Pvt Ltd [ad_2]
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Top Python Certifications in 2025: Which One is Right for You?
Python continues to dominate the tech industry, making it essential for professionals aiming for careers in data science, web development, AI, and automation. If you're looking to validate your Python skills and stand out in the job market, obtaining a certification can be a game-changer. In this blog, we will explore the top Python certifications in 2025 and help you decide the right one for you.
Why Get a Python Certification?
A Python certification can:
Boost your resume and credibility.
Improve your chances of landing a high-paying job.
Validate your expertise in Python programming.
Help you transition into roles like data analyst, machine learning engineer, or software developer.
If you're planning to get certified, enrolling in a Python training institute in Delhi can provide hands-on experience and expert guidance.
Top Python Certifications in 2025
1. PCEP – Certified Entry-Level Python Programmer
Best for: Beginners and freshers
The PCEP certification is ideal for those starting with Python. It tests your understanding of fundamental programming concepts, including data types, functions, loops, and conditionals.
🔹 Recommended Training: Enroll in a Python training in Delhi to build strong foundational skills before taking the exam.
2. PCAP – Certified Associate in Python Programming
Best for: Intermediate-level programmers
The PCAP certification is designed for candidates who have a basic knowledge of Python and want to advance their programming skills. It covers modules, file operations, object-oriented programming, and exception handling.
🔹 Ideal for: Those planning to pursue careers in web development, automation, and AI.
3. PCPP1 – Certified Professional in Python Programming Level 1
Best for: Advanced Python programmers
The PCPP1 certification is a professional-level Python certification that tests your ability in:
OOP principles
File processing
Regular expressions
Networking
GUI programming
🔹 Tip: A structured course from the best Python training institute in Delhi can help you master these advanced topics.
4. PCPP2 – Certified Professional in Python Programming Level 2
Best for: Expert-level Python developers
For professionals looking to specialize in advanced concepts like design patterns, interprocess communication, and network programming, the PCPP2 certification is highly recommended.
🔹 Career Scope: Suitable for software developers, system architects, and automation engineers.
5. Microsoft Certified: Azure Fundamentals (with Python)
Best for: Cloud and AI enthusiasts
If you're interested in cloud computing and AI, the Microsoft Azure Fundamentals certification with Python is a great choice. It validates your ability to use Python in Azure environments for AI, machine learning, and automation.
🔹 Who should take it? IT professionals, cloud engineers, and AI developers.
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#python training in delhi#python training institute in delhi#python classes in delhi#best python institute in delhi#best python training institute in delhi
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Implement your Linux shell, the Aggie Shell
In this programming assignment, you will implement your Linux shell, the Aggie Shell. The Linux shell in your OS lets a user navigate through the file system and performs multiple tasks using simple commands. It also offers capabilities of interprocess communication and file input/out redirection. Your shell should function almost as well as Bash. Each Linux command (e.g., cat, echo, cd, etc.)…
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CrowdStrike Failure
This week I wanted to talk about a recent event that likely affected all of us. I'm sure many of us heard of the event that happened in July where many Microsoft Windows devices were experiencing “The Blue Screen of Death.” Many thought it was just a widespread Microsoft Windows failure, but it was actually with one of their cyber security providers, CrowdStrike. Because of a flawed update to the CrowdStrike application Falcon, many industries faced some serious charges, such as airports, banks, and healthcare systems. Falcon is CrowdStrike’s endpoint detection and response platform and when the update was sent out it sent Windows machines running Falcon into an endless reboot cycle, leading to the revered “blue screen of death.” According to CrowdStrike, the fact that triggered the outage was in a channel file. “Which is stored in C:\Windows\System32\drivers\CrowdStrike\” with a filename beginning “C-00000291-” and ending “.sys”. Channel File 291 passes information to the Falcon sensor about how to evaluate “named pipe” execution, which Windows systems use for intersystem or interprocess communication. These commands are not inherently malicious but can be misused.” The endless cycle of rebooting was caused by a logic error where the problematic content was loaded into the channel file which resulted in an out-of-bounds memory read triggered an exception. The exception was unable to be handled gracefully and resulted in the Windows OS crashing and rebooting. Because this update was a part of CrowdStrike’s rapid response content program, the organization decided it was to go through less rigorous testing than other updates to Falcon’s software agents.
Following the initial incident, CrowdStrike did end up reporting on the testing lapse that led to the flawed update being passed and pushed to customers. They ended up blaming a gap in the company's testing software that caused its validator tool to miss a flaw in the effective channel file content update.
Overall CrowdStrike and Microsoft are not bad companies. They do practice good security practices and procedures. I do think this event was a good insight into how much we rely on the digital realm in our everyday lives and not only how easy it is to take It away, but also how much of our lives are affected by the absence of it.
Sources:
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Implement your Linux shell, the Aggie Shell
In this programming assignment, you will implement your Linux shell, the Aggie Shell. The Linux shell in your OS lets a user navigate through the file system and performs multiple tasks using simple commands. It also offers capabilities of interprocess communication and file input/out redirection. Your shell should function almost as well as Bash. Each Linux command (e.g., cat, echo, cd, etc.)…
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D-Bus overview - Fedora Magazine
What D-Bus is D-Bus serves various purposes aiming to facilitate the cooperation between different processes in the system. This article will describe D-Bus and how it performs this function. From the D-Bus creators definition: D-Bus is a message bus system, a simple way for applications to talk to one another. In addition to interprocess communication, D-Bus helps coordinate process lifecycle;…
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Beej's Guide to Interprocess Communication
https://beej.us/guide/bgipc/html/
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python threaded queue manager with subclass for further customization
import time import threading import queue # main class class c_thread_queue_manager(threading.Thread): q_speed = .001 # class global for loop cycle delay def __init__(self, queue): threading.Thread.__init__(self) self.queue = queue self.daemon = True self.start() self.q_speed = .001 # delay between cycles def process_data(self,the_data): # override print("data:[",the_data,"]", flush=True) time.sleep(3) pass def loop_process_begin(self): # override pass def loop_process_end(self): # override pass def run(self): self.t_running = True # set to false when we wanna bail while self.t_running: self.loop_process_begin() ### SPEED OF QUEUE PROCESSING time.sleep(self.q_speed) if self.queue.empty(): pass # nothing in the queue to do else: data = self.queue.get() if data == "#exit#": self.t_running = False else: ### DATA IN QUEUE. PROCESS self.process_data(data) pass self.loop_process_end() ### all done run # sub class (split processing away from loop manager) class c_server_heartbeat(c_thread_queue_manager): # shuffles incoming lines to thread queues def __init__(self, queue): c_thread_queue_manager.__init__(self,queue) self.tick_speed = 2 self.processing = False def loop_process_begin(self): # overridden pass def loop_process_end(self): # overridden time.sleep(self.tick_speed) #print("tick", flush=True) pass def process_data(self,the_data): # overridden print(the_data) pass # example created from subclass: # (step1: create queue, step 2: create thread and pass queue to it) q_hb_server = queue.Queue() # make queue hb_server = c_server_heartbeat(q_hb_server) # make server # now add something to the queue for processing... q_hb_server.put("hello world")
#python#threaded#multithread#heartbeat#queue#loop#cycle#message queue#programmer#programming#code#source code#snippet#coding#queue manager#task manager#task management#threading#ipc#interprocess#communication
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bounds service
activity, service 등등 ( components )와 연결된 service를 bounds service라고 한다.
구현방법에따라 세가지로 구분할수 있다.
1. Binder class를 이용하는 경우
2. Messenger를 이용하는 경우
3. AIDL를 이용하는 경우
구현방법에따른 구분이이지만 사용용도 조금다르다. Binder를 이용하는 경우는 같은 application , process내의 components와 service간의 연결에 사용한다. Messenger와 AIDL은 다른 application간에도 서로 연결, 상호작업애 사용된다. 즉 interprocess communication (IPC)에 사용될수 있다.
참고사항)
Messenger를 사용하는 방법에는 Handler, message를 이용하는데 이는 HandlerThread에서도 사용된다. looper, handler, message를 이용하는데 bound service와도 조금의 연관성을 찾을수 있다. HandlerThread는 big bernard android programming 책을 참조하거나 내가 모은 tumblr자료를 검색한다. HandlerThread를 이용한 간단한 예시로 flickr에서 여러개의 image를 main thread가아닌 다른 thread에서 fetch하는 작업
handlerthread를 설명한 동영상 시리즈
-handlerthread없이 thread로 같은 기능을 구현하는 과정을 보여준다.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rfLMwbOKLRk
https://youtu.be/Yo3VT-fZr68
-handlerthread를 이용한 것을 보여준다.
https://youtu.be/998tPb10DFM
개념 , 사용방법 설명 문서
https://stuff.mit.edu/afs/sipb/project/android/docs/guide/components/bound-services.html
사용방법 동영상 ( Binder를 이용한방법 )
예시작업으로 activity에 bound된 service에 있는 현재시간을 계산하는 함수를 activity에서 호출해서 값을 가져오는 과정으로 들었다.
https://youtu.be/0c4jRCm353c
https://youtu.be/zCj5Qzzex_A
#android#thread#service#binder#ipc#interprocess#activity#messege#messenger#looper#handlerthread#handler
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Daily linux infodump (1 of 2, cause I forgot again yesterday, memory mappings.)
Memory Mappings
the mmap() system call creates a new memory mapping in the calling process's virtual memory address space. Mappings fall into two distinct categories: -A file mapping maps a region of a file into the calling process's virtual memory, once mapped, the file's contents canb be accessed by operations on the bytes in the corresponding memory region. The pages of the mapping are automatically loaded from the file as required. -Anonymous mapping doesn't have a corresponding file. Instead the pages of the mapping are initialized to 0
The memory in one process's mapping may be shared with mapping in other processes. This can occur either because two processes map the same region of a file or because a child process created by fork() inherits mapping from it's parent. when two or more processes share the same pages, each processmay see the changes made to the pages by other processes to the contents of the pages, depending on whether the mapping is created as private or shared. When a mapping is provate, modifications to the contents of the mapping is not visible to other processes, and are not carried through to the underlying file. When a mapping is shared, modifications made are visible to other processes sharing the same mapping and are carried through to the underlying file. Memory mappings serve a variety of purposes, including initialization of a process's text segment from the corresponding segment of an executable file, allocation of a new(zero-filled) memory, file I/O, and interprocess communication. Static VS. Shared libraries
An object library is a file containing the compiled object code for a set of functions that maybe be called from application programs.Placing code for a set of functions in a single object library eases the task of program creation and maintenance. modern UNIX systems provide two types of object libraries. static and shared libraries.
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I'm trying Rust ZeroMQ bindings for interprocess communication. Now it receives MIDI note events from DAW via a VST plugin (also written in Rust). https://github.com/keijiro/rust-zmq-test
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i3 Window Manager with a Python Script for Awesome Scaled Floating Windows
youtube
The basic support in i3wm for floating windows is minimal. It is crappy. However, with an interprocess communication listener and some Python code, the windows can be made to float on screen: centered and scaled in proportion to screen resolution.
#i3wm#i3 floating windows#minimalist linux#ubuntu linux#skywave linux#python coding#python programming#python scripting#Youtube
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Multicore Programming Project 1: MyShell
Introduction In this project, the students will learn and become familiar with the concepts of system-level process control, process signaling, interprocess communication, and running processes and jobs in the background in Linux Shell. Students will learn this by programming a simple yet customized Linux shell that supports all the aforementioned functionalities in their own programmed…
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