#kyba

[amystarrstuff]

trick or treat! >:3c

treat! :3

[l-homme-triste-qui-rit]

Единственото, което виждам сега, е колко труден съм.

Как ме траеш 3 години и отгоре,

навярно зор е?

Но и двамата знаем, че т'ва, което имаме е сигурно - като в трезор е!

Ценно и драго, прилежно прибрано - като в класьор е!

А с��каш бягам подир времето във вечна гонка, нагърбен с бремето,

а то като горяща отломка - изгаря белези

върху белези, кара ме да вникна в себе си,

да търся прелести, измежду плевели

и тръни,

уж, че нещо скрито има зад пътеки и

стръмни, кални баири...

🖤

[brokeandfamouseu]

KYBA - Lucky You (OFFICIAL VIDEO) // 2022

[re-kyba]

i like your hyde because he doesn't look like typical pretty white boy and bRISTLE....

Ah thank U! I don't know much other designs of him but I'm glad U like mine (:)

[tanners-archetype]

STAINLESS by RAMSEY KNOX OUT NOW

(im on HERON CITY)

[rye-kin]

HEY GUYS…

Kyba and I made an impulsive discord server ( with the help of a very kind friend! <\3 )

YOU SHOULD TOTALLY JOIN IT GUYS….

You can talk about books/send awesome writing and art OR WHTEVA…..

@re-kyba ‘s tumblr (go check them out guyzh)

[ausetkmt]

New York Post : Scientists warn that light pollution could make stars invisible in two decades

Make a wish upon a star — while you still can.

Scientists are warning that due to light pollution, human’s ability to see the cosmos at night could be wiped out in just 20 years.

“The night sky is part of our environment and it would be a major deprivation if the next generation never got to see it, just as it would be if they never saw a bird’s nest,” Martin Rees, the British astronomer royal, told The Guardian.

“You don’t need to be an astronomer to care about this. I am not an ornithologist but if there were no songbirds in my garden, I’d feel impoverished.”

Light pollution conditions have rapidly worsened in the last several years, including since 2016 when astronomers reported that the Milky Way was no longer visible to a third of humanity, according to Rees.

Scientists told the outlet that light pollution is now causing the night sky to brighten at a rate of about 10% per year.

A child born in an area where 250 stars are visible at night today would only be able to see about 100 by the time they reach 18, Christopher Kyba, of the German Centre for Geosciences, dauntingly revealed.

“A couple of generations ago, people would have been confronted regularly with this glittering vision of the cosmos – but what was formerly universal is now extremely rare. Only the world’s richest people, and some of the poorest, experience that anymore. For everybody else, it’s more or less gone,” Kyba said. The increased issue of light pollution can be blamed on the increased use of light-emitting diodes.Getty Images

Though light pollution has been a longstanding issue for half a century, the latest burgeon of the problem can be reportedly traced to the increased use of light-emitting diodes (LED) and other forms of intense night-time lighting.

Other than the aesthetic loss of our stars, light pollution poses several other ecological dangers.

In 2019, scientists found that the issue is contributing to an “insect apocalypse” — light has a major impact on how bug species move, search for food, reproduce, grow and hide from predators. Light pollution is now causing the night sky to brighten at a rate of about 10% per year.Getty Images/500px

Light pollution confuses sea turtles and migrating birds, who are guided by moonlight.

Darker nights also provide cover for crime and other dangerous situations for humans, researchers note.

But there could be a simple fix to light pollution.

Rees and his team of researchers are pushing their 2020 report that outlines several policies to help diminish the illumination, including appointing a minister for dark skies, creating a commission for dark skies and setting strict standards for the density and direction of lighting.

[paeinovis]

"GFZ German Research Center for Geosciences physicist Christopher Kyba and colleagues found that the night sky has brightened by roughly 7 to 10 percent every year, from 2011 to 2022.

That's equivalent to the night sky doubling in brightness in fewer than eight years or more than quadrupling in 18 years. The researchers estimate that a child born under a night sky with 250 visible stars would see fewer than 100 stars in that same patch of darkness by the time they finish school."

Support the International Dark Sky Association

(Bonus: if you hate Elon Musk, the IDA is suing SpaceX for launching their stupid gazillion satellites that were providing internet for Ukraine which he threatened to pull support for because it was 'too expensive' ($80 million) despite buying Twitter for $44 billion.)

[webionaire]

The amount of visible light on Earth's surface at night varies by about three orders of magnitude over the course of a month, as a result of the lunar cycle. This change has profound effects on the physiology and behaviour of many plants and animals (Kronfeld-Schor et al. 2013, Reinberg et al. 2016), especially in tidal environments (e.g. Brady et al. 2016). Despite its importance for many organisms, the scientific literature lacks a commonly accepted reference value for the photopic illuminance of full moonlight. As a result, many existing publications report incorrect values of full Moon illuminance, for example 2.2 lux (Marcum et al. 2004), 2 lux (Yorzinski et al. 2015), and 0.5–1 lux (Bruce-White & Shardlow 2011). Even the Wikipedia page for “Lux” currently reports an incorrect range of up to 1 lux for full moonlight, based on an old citation (Bünning & Moser 1969), which in fact bases the value on an even older German text (Sauberer & Härtel 1959).

[warningsine]

The Herefordshire hills basked in brilliant sunshine last weekend. Summer had arrived and the skies were cloudless, conditions that would once have heralded succeeding nights of coal-dark heavens sprinkled with brilliant stars, meteorites and planets.

It was not to be. The night sky was not so much black as dark grey with only a handful of stars glimmering against this backdrop. The Milky Way – which would once have glittered across the heavens – was absent. Summer’s advent had again revealed a curse of modern times: light pollution.

The increased use of light-emitting diodes (LED) and other forms of lighting are now brightening the night sky at a dramatic rate, scientists have found. Indiscriminate use of external lighting, street illumination, advertising, and illuminated sporting venues is now blinding our view of the stars.

In 2016, astronomers reported that the Milky Way was no longer visible to a third of humanity and light pollution has worsened considerably since then. At its current rate most of the major constellations will be indecipherable in 20 years, it is estimated. The loss, culturally and scientifically, will be intense.

“The night sky is part of our environment and it would be a major deprivation if the next generation never got to see it, just as it would be if they never saw a bird’s nest,” said Martin Rees, the astronomer royal. “You don’t need to be an astronomer to care about this. I am not an ornithologist but if there were no songbirds in my garden, I’d feel impoverished.”

Rees is a founder of the all-party parliamentary group for dark skies which recently produced a report calling for a host of measures to counter the curse of light pollution. These include proposals to appoint a minister for dark skies, create a commission for dark skies and set strict standards for the density and direction of lighting.

The introduction of a carefully selected package of planning rules to control obtrusive light – backed by legal clout and penalties for non-compliance – could make major differences, the committee stressed. The alternative would be to lose sight of night skies “painted with unnumber’d sparks,” to quote Shakespeare’s Julius Caesar.

Research by physicist Christopher Kyba, of the German Centre for Geosciences has revealed that light pollution is now causing the night sky to brighten at a rate of around 10% a year, an increase that threatens to obliterate the sight of all but the most brilliant stars in a generation. A child born where 250 stars are visible at night today would only be able to see about 100 by the time they reach 18.

Gazing at a night sky crossed by a glittering Milky Way has become a splendour of another age, Kyba told the Observer. “A couple of generations ago, people would have been confronted regularly with this glittering vision of the cosmos – but what was formerly universal is now extremely rare. Only the world’s richest people, and some of the poorest, experience that any more. For everybody else, it’s more or less gone.” Nevertheless, the introduction of only a modest number of changes to lighting could make a considerable improvement, Kyba argued. These moves would include ensuring outdoor lights are carefully shielded, point downwards, have limits placed on their brightness, and are not predominantly blue-white but have red and orange components.

“Measures like that would have an enormous impact,” he added.

The problem is that light pollution is still not perceived by the public to be a threat. As Professor Oscar Corcho, of Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, has put it: “The negative consequences of light pollution are as unknown by the population as those of smoking in the 80s.”

Yet action is now urgently needed. Apart from its astronomical and cultural impact, light pollution is having serious ecological consequences. Sea turtles and migrating birds are guided by moonlight. Light pollution causes them to get confused and lose their way. Insects, a key source of food for birds and other animals, get drawn to artificial lights and are immediately killed upon contact with the source.

The case against light pollution goes further. Bluish emissions of LEDs are almost entirely lacking any red or near infrared light, said Prof Robert Fosbury, of the Institute of Ophthalmology at University College London (UCL). “We are becoming starved of red and infra-red light and that has serious implications,” he said. “When reddish light shines on our bodies, it stimulates mechanisms including those that break down high levels of sugar in the blood or boost melatonin production. Since the introduction of fluorescent lighting and later LEDs, that part of the spectrum has been removed from artificial light and I think it is playing a part in the waves of obesity and rises in diabetes cases we see today.”

UCL researchers are preparing to install additional infrared lamps in hospitals and intensive care units to see if they have an effect on the recovery of patients who would otherwise be starved of light from this part of the spectrum.

“It’s going to take a huge effort to change the face of the planet and turn LEDs into more friendly lighting,” said Fosbury. It’s going to be a big job but we need to do it because it is having a very damaging effect on human health.”

[xtruss]

The city lights of La Paz, Bolivia light the night sky. Artificial light shining from buildings, cars, and street lamps can be fatal for some wildlife. Photograph By Edson Vandeira, National Geographic Image Collection

Want To Help Wildlife? Turn Off Your Lights.

It’s not just about seeing the stars. Bright city lights disorient animals like birds, leading to fatal collisions and potential long-term damage to their health.

— By Sarah Gibbens | April 5, 2023

Look for a constellation in the glow of a city, and at best you might see a star or two. That’s because light pollution is turning night into day in 80 percent of the world.

The day to night cycle is an essential part of nature, telling animals when to emerge to hunt, forage, migrate, and mate. When artificial light disrupts those natural light cues, wildlife from bugs to birds, and even plants, are seriously impacted.

It’s a problem getting worse every year, but there are simple solutions to help wildlife and restore our night sky view, experts say.

“When we look at the sky and we can’t see the stars, it’s a sign that our lighting is poorly designed and wasteful,” says Christopher Kyba, a physicist at the GFZ German Research Center for Geosciences.

Some communities are rethinking rules for lighting at night, starting with simple changes to reduce light pollution coming from individual homes.

A Sky Quality Meter reads the night sky brightness in Death Valley, California. Scientists have studied how light pollution affects 160 different species, but many of the long term consequences of our light remain a mystery. Photograph By Babak Tafreshi, National Geographic Image Collection

How Light Pollution Harms The Environment

A report from last year examined over 160 species of plants, fish, mammals, and insects to understand how our artificial lights are changing ecosystems. Researchers found that animals look to light via the rising and setting of the sun and moon to determine when to emerge from their hiding places to hunt, forage, migrate, and mate. All manner of wildlife is affected—for example, some bugs can be more easily preyed on and some birds fly off course.

“For all of evolutionary history there was a stable pattern—any animal or plant can anticipate day and night,” says Kyba. “But when we add a bunch of artificial light, obviously that’s going to mess things up.”

Fireflies use light to signal to potential mates at night. But city and suburban lights outshine these cues at alarming rates. One study published in 2020 suggested light pollution, along with habitat loss and pesticide use, could put some of the world’s 2,000 different firefly species at risk of going extinct.

Left: From above, Chicago's lights shine brightly. Reducing light pollution shining out of Chicago's buildings by half could reduce the amount of bird deaths resulting from birds colliding with buildings, one study found. ​Right: A leatherback turtle struggles ashore to lay her eggs. Light pollution deters them from coming ashore to their nesting sites. Photographs By Jim Richardson, National Geographic Image Collection

Birds are also easily disoriented by bright city lights and frequently die from colliding into bright buildings reflecting the sun and shining artificial light at night. Even dim lighting far from the city may impact their health.

A study of zebra finch birds found chemical markers of stress in birds exposed to dim lighting in a lab after just three weeks, but scientists don’t yet know what that means for bird health long term, says Valentina Alaasam, a study author and biologist at the University of Nevada, Reno.

And while birds and insects are often highlighted as light pollution victims, artificial light impacts all animals, says Kyba. Even plants are disrupted by light cues.

Turn Off, Dim, and Shield Your Lights

Unlike removing pollution from the air or water, light pollution can be eliminated immediately. Reducing light pollution can be as simple as turning off the lights, installing motion sensors that limit when lights are on, or adding dimmers that reduce the light coming from a single bulb.

“The best part of a lot of these [solutions] is they save everyone money,” says Alaasam. “If you can turn off lights more often, it saves electricity and [reduces carbon emissions] and it’s kind of a win-win.”

Energy efficient LED light bulbs are cheaper and longer-lasting than their incandescent predecessors, but their widespread adoption has caused problems for wildlife. LED bulbs produce a short-wave blue-tinted light that attracts more insects and birds and disrupts circadian rhythm in mammals. But bulbs with yellow-tinted filters can minimize these impacts.

Fireflies light up the forest in Sakleshpur, India. These insects use their blinking lights to communicate, but artificial light is obscuring their messages, making it harder for some to survive. Photograph By Prasenjeet Yadav, National Geographic Image Collection

“The kind of light we use really matters,” says Alaasam. “For birds, if you use a warmer, yellower hue, you don’t see nearly as many effects.”

Shielded coverings for street lamps and outdoor lights help concentrate light directly down to where we need it, preventing it from leaking out and up.

Simply closing your blinds and curtains can also help prevent artificial light from shining into the environment. One study looking at two decades-worth of bird collisions in Chicago found that reducing light leaking out of windows by just half could reduce bird collisions by 60 percent.

Cities Going Dark

Every year, light pollution increases—by as much as 10 percent, according to one study.

While individual changes to home lights can help local wildlife, communities working together can have the biggest impact.

“Lighting decisions are made by millions of people,” says Kyba. “To make real progress you have to get all those people on board.”

At the Kitt Peak Observatory in Arizona, light pollution from Tuscon shines from the right, and the glow of Phoenix looms to the left. Vast constellations were once visible here, but only Jupiter shines brightly in the night sky. Photograph By Babak Tafreshi, National Geographic Image Collection

Some communities are showing what those social changes might look like. The entire island country of New Zealand is currently working to meet light pollution standards; and the Pacific island country of Niue was the first country to become a certified International Dark Sky Sanctuary in 2020.

In 2019, France imposed a new law setting strict limits for how and when light shines at night. In the U.S., the National Audubon Society’s Lights Out program encourages cities from San Francisco to New York to reduce their nighttime lights during periods when migratory birds are passing through. Dimming bright city lights for as little as 30 minutes can prevent fatal bird collisions, according to a 2017 study.

If advocating for policy changes feels daunting, start small, says Kyba.

“When a light is bothering you or you think it's a problem, it’s worth complaining,” he says. “Often, there are very simple fixes that don’t cost very much money and can basically solve the problem.”

[nedsecondline]

Brighter and Brighter: How Light Pollution Is Erasing the Stars! — Mother Jones

This story was originally published by WIRED and is reproduced here as part of the Climate Desk collaboration. Years ago, Christopher Kyba was …Brighter and Brighter: How Light Pollution Is Erasing the Stars! — Mother Jones

[heyscroller]

Citizen Scientists Show Light Pollution Erases Stars From The Sky

Years ago Christopher Kyba was skeptical of astronomical data collected by citizen scientists – after all, it relies on humans judging the night sky with the naked eye. But when a student wrote to him with a question about measuring sky brightness, he thought of the citizen science project Globe at Night, which started in 2006 to give students the ability to track the stars they could see. He…

[tanners-archetype]

AAMIX[“noon”] OUT NOW

[wafact]

Citizen Scientists Show Light Pollution Erases Stars From the Sky

Years ago, Christopher Kyba was skeptical about astronomy data collected by citizen scientists—after all, it relies on people making naked-eye assessments of the night sky. But when a student wrote to him with a question about measuring the sky’s brightness, he thought of the Globe at Night citizen science project, which launched in 2006 to let students track the stars they could see. He…