#mycorrhizal fungi products

[reasonsforhope]

"An environmental toxicologist in California is cleaning up areas contaminated with heavy metals or other pollutants using fungi and native plants in a win-win for nature.

Where once toxic soils in industrial lots sat bare or weed-ridden, there are now flowering meadows of plants and mushrooms, frequented by birds and pollinators: and it’s thanks to Danielle Stevenson.

Founder of DIY Fungi, the 37-year-old ecologist from UC Riverside recently spoke with Yale Press about her ongoing work restoring ‘brownfields,’ a term that describes a contaminated environment, abandoned by industrial, extraction, or transportation operations.

A brownfield could be an old railway yard or the grounds of an abandoned oil refinery, but the uniting factor is the presence of a toxic containment, whether that’s a petrochemical, heavy metal, or something else.

Noting that she had read studies about mushrooms growing around the Chernobyl nuclear plant, she came to understand further, through her work, that fungi are an extraordinarily resilient species of life that consume carbon, and even though petroleum products are toxic to plants, to mushrooms they are essentially a kind of carbon.

In fact, mushrooms break down several categories of toxic waste with the same enzymes they use to consume a dead tree. They can also eat plastic and other things made out of oil, like agrochemicals.

At the Los Angeles railyard, as part of a pilot project, Stevenson and colleagues planted a variety of native grass and flower species alongside dead wood that would incubate specific fungi species called arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, which assists plants in extracting heavy metals like lead and arsenic from the soil.

Alongside traditional decomposer fungi, the mixture of life forms demonstrated tremendous results in this brownfield.

“In three months we saw a more than 50 percent reduction in all pollutants. By 12 months, they were pretty much not detectable,” Stevenson told Yale 360.

Decontaminating soil like this typically involves bringing in a bulldozer and digging it all up for transportation to a landfill. This method is not only hugely expensive, but also dangerous, as contaminated material can scatter on the winds and fall out of the backs of trucks carting it away.

By contrast, the plants that draw out the toxic metals can be harvested and incinerated down to a small pile of ash before cheap transportation to a hazardous waste facility.

The technique, which Stevenson says has some scaling issues and issues with approval from regulators, is known officially as bioremediation, and she’s even used it to safely break down bags of lubricant-soaked rags from bicycle repair shops.

“People who live in a place impacted by pollution need to have a say in how their neighborhood is being cleaned up. We need to empower them with the tools to do this,” she said."

-via Good News Network, July 16, 2024

[littjara-mirrorlake]

Stellaris Spec Bio - N'kori Cultivators

(My worldbuilding and concepts for this empire have also been posted on Reddit 2 years ago. A lot of this post repeats it. It is a bit outdated relative to current Stellaris updates, but stands on its own.)

Empire screen lore blurb:

The world of Kori'ka is named for the great tree whose roots dominate its biosphere, with continent-sized branches and foliage that forms the base of a rich, thriving food chain. The plantfolk N'korii are the reproductive structures of the tree, having evolved sapience and intelligence to more effectively spread Kori'ka's seeds across the galaxy. Not all modern N'korii wholly devote themselves to this purpose, believing it is within their capabilities to forge a new path.

The tree known as Kori'ka is in fact a vast population of one species, intertwined enough to be considered a single entity. The system's star Leira produces high amounts of short-wavelength radiation (UV and above), and the leaves of Kori'ka shelter the life below from the harshest of these rays.

Kori'ka works opposite to the Earth trees we're accustomed to, in which the dominant sporophyte stage holds the gametophyte inside itself. Instead, the massive tree-like structure of Kori'ka is the dominant gametophyte, and the asexual sporophytes are N'korii, born of fertilized seeds from the tree itself. (They have no sexes or genders to speak of.) This is the lore reason for their ability to create Gaia Seeders on new worlds.

The empire uses the Syncretic Evolution origin. The syncretic species are fungoids known as the Kor'kiiri, inspired by the intimate mycorrhizal association of fungi with plant roots in our world. They are not members of the same species as Kori'ka and the N'korii, but co-evolved with them in a tight symbiosis.

Their Inorganic Breath trait provides early access to exotic gases, helping create Gaia Seeders. Mycorrhizae help plants uptake nutrients, so they're Agrarian as well. The -2 traits were chosen out of mechanical limitations, but my best lore reason is that they're much more effective at creating organic products than amenities (Repugnant), and there are simply more of them per "pop" unit, increasing the empire size (Unruly).

The sapience of Kor'kiiri has been a big question in my worldbuilding process. My mind changes on this sometimes, but for now I will say that they're not quite sapient in the humanoid sense, more like an intelligent "animal" species that have always been the close companions of N'korii. Comparable to parrots, maybe. Their resource creation stems more from their biological processes than the actual performance of jobs.

Politically, the N'korii are friendly disciples of nature (xenophile spiritualists) who seek to use Kori'ka's rejuvenating seedlings to improve the biodiversity of the galaxy's many worlds, focusing on terraforming technology to rehabilitate even the most inhospitable planets.

Linguistic note: plurals are denoted by double vowels.

[dailybotany]

Any chance you could tell me something about this plant?

Found it while hiking in Vermont (in the wooded area around a pond)

Yes! That is a pink ladies slipper (Cypripedium acaule), one of our showiest orchids. In New England, we are just passing the height of their flowering period and they will begin to die back (their two basal leaves stick around for most of the summer though!).

You may have heard about the importance of fungal mutualisms for orchid species, and pink ladies slippers are no exception. These relationships are so crucial to orchids because (unlike most seed plants) their seeds essentially consist of the embryo and the seed coat and are only viable for a short period of time--no store of energy for those babies! This means the parent plant has to put very little energy into their production, but it also means that these embryos are very vulnerable. Mycorrhizal fungi can penetrate the seed cost without damaging the embryo and can provide nutrients for it, essentially nursing the orchid. This is a mutualism because later, once the orchid is grown, it provides a similar service to the fungi.

Pink ladies slippers rely on the presence of fungi in the genus Rhizoctonia for this vital part of their life cycle.

You can read more about this wonderful and charismatic plant here!

[turtlesandfrogs]

So on dendryte's suggestion, I read a paper called "Feed your friends: do plant exudates shape the root microbiome?", and it is awesome and filled with ideas that were new to me, and all in all was very exciting. Like, I didn't even know about/remember border cells, and they apparently do a whole lot! I'm back from work now, so now I'm going to share the Questions I have, and am going to spend the weekend looking for sources on:

1. As crop rotation was developed for a tilled, monoculture system as a way to address the disease issues that pop up in such a system, is crop rotation actually beneficial in a no-till, truly polyculture setting where care is taken to support mycorrhizae?

As we know know that plants alter the population of bacteria in the soil, and that these population compositions differ between plant species, is it possible that there might be some benefits to planting the same crop in the same location if you're not disrupting microbe populations through tilling?

2. Since we know that applications of nitrogen can cause plants to kick out their symbiotic fungal partners, increasing their vulnerability to pathogenic fungi & drought, might it be better to place fertilizer outside of the root zone so as to force the plant to use the mycelium to get at it?

How far can mycorrhizal networks transport mineral nutrients? Are they capable of transporting all the mineral nutrients plants need? In other words, can I make a compost pile in the middle of the garden and be lazy and depend on the fungal network to distribute the goods?

3. How deep can fungal hyphe go? In other words, in areas with shallow wells, and thus fairly shallow water tables, can we encourage mycorrhizae enough to be able to depend on them for irrigation?

4. For folks on city water, does the chlorine effect plants' microbiome both above and below ground?

5. When do plants start producing exudates? If you had soil from around actively growing plants of the same species you're sowing, could the bacteria and fungi play a role in early seedling vigor & health?

6. Has anyone directly compared the micronutrient profiles of the same crop grown in organic but tilled settings against those grown in no-till, mycorrhizae-friendly settings?

7. Since we know that larger molecules, such as sugar, can be transported across fungal networks between different species (Suzanne Simard is where I first food this info) , have we checked for other compounds created by plants? Say, compounds used by plants to protect against insect herbivory?

8. Since we know blueberries use ericoid mycorrhizae rather than endo- or ectomycorrhizae (which are the two types used by most plants), but gaultheria (salal & winter green) use both ericoid & ectomycorrhizae, and alder uses both endo & ectomycorrhizae (and fix nitrogen too!), and clover use endomycorrhizae, might blueberries be more productive if there's a nearby hedge of salal/wintergreen, alder, and clover? Willows and aspens also both use endo & ecto, so they could be included, and the trees could also be coppiced for firewood or basketry supplies.

I'm going to spend some time this weekend reading research papers. If anyone happens to know any that address these (or related questions), please send them my way!

[orgrevolution]

From Soil to Harvest: Maximizing Crop Yields with Biological Seed Inoculation

In the world of modern agriculture, where the need for increased crop yields is paramount, biological seed inoculation has emerged as a powerful tool. This technique, which involves the application of beneficial microorganisms to seeds before planting, offers a promising solution for farmers looking to boost productivity while minimizing environmental impacts. In this article, we will explore the science behind biological seed inoculation and how it maximizes crop yields, from the soil to the harvest.

The Science of Biological Seed Inoculation

Biological seed inoculation is rooted in the symbiotic relationships that certain microorganisms can form with plants. By introducing these beneficial microbes to seeds, we set the stage for a harmonious partnership that benefits crops in several ways.

Protection Against Pathogens: A primary role of biological seed inoculation is to protect plants from harmful pathogens. Some microorganisms act as natural biocontrol agents, outcompeting disease-causing organisms and reducing the need for chemical pesticides. This natural defense mechanism safeguards crop yields and reduces environmental contamination.

Enhanced Nutrient Uptake: Beneficial microorganisms play a pivotal role in improving nutrient uptake by plants. Nitrogen-fixing bacteria convert atmospheric nitrogen into a form that plants can utilize, reducing the reliance on synthetic nitrogen fertilizers. Mycorrhizal fungi form symbiotic relationships with plant roots, increasing the absorption of vital nutrients like phosphorus and potassium.

Stress Tolerance: In an era of changing climate patterns, plants often face environmental stressors like drought, salinity, and extreme temperatures. Biological seed inoculation equips plants with the tools to withstand these challenges. Some microorganisms produce stress-resistance proteins or enhance root growth and water retention.

Promotion of Growth and Development: Certain microbes, known as plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR), actively stimulate plant growth. They achieve this by producing growth hormones, solubilizing nutrients, and improving root development, resulting in healthier and more vigorous crops.

Benefits of Biological Seed Inoculation

The adoption of biological seed inoculation offers a multitude of benefits for both farmers and the environment.

Reduced Chemical Dependency: By decreasing the need for chemical pesticides and synthetic fertilizers, biological seed inoculation reduces the environmental footprint of agriculture. This approach aligns with sustainable farming practices that prioritize environmental stewardship.

Improved Soil Health: Over time, biological seed inoculation can enhance soil health by promoting beneficial microbial communities in the soil. This leads to improved soil structure, nutrient cycling, and overall soil fertility.

Consistent Crop Yields: Biological seed inoculation ensures more consistent and reliable crop yields, even in challenging environmental conditions. This stability is crucial for food security and economic sustainability.

Cost Efficiency: While initial investment costs may be higher, long-term savings are achieved through reduced chemical inputs and increased crop productivity. Farmers can reap the benefits of a healthier bottom line.

Conclusion

Biological seed inoculation represents a paradigm shift in modern agriculture. By harnessing the power of beneficial microorganisms, we are not only maximizing crop yields but also reducing the environmental impact of farming. This approach aligns with the global imperative of producing more food while preserving our planet's resources. As we continue to unlock the potential of these microscopic allies, we are taking significant strides toward a more sustainable and eco-friendly agricultural future. It's a journey that not only benefits farmers but also ensures a more secure and sustainable food supply for generations to come.

[market-insider]

Biostimulants: Tailoring Solutions for Crop Performance Enhancement

Biostimulants are substances or microorganisms that are applied to plants, seeds, or the surrounding environment to enhance plant growth, development, and overall health. Unlike fertilizers, which primarily provide essential nutrients to plants, biostimulants work by stimulating natural processes within the plants themselves. They contain various biologically active compounds, such as amino acids, proteins, vitamins, enzymes, and plant hormones, which can improve nutrient uptake, enhance stress tolerance, and stimulate beneficial microbial activity in the rhizosphere. Biostimulants can be derived from natural sources, including seaweed extracts, humic and fulvic acids, beneficial microorganisms (such as mycorrhizal fungi and rhizobacteria), and other plant-based substances. They are commonly used in agriculture, horticulture, and turf management to promote plant growth, increase crop yield, improve nutrient efficiency, and enhance the resilience of plants to environmental stressors. Biostimulants offer a sustainable and environmentally friendly approach to optimizing plant performance and supporting sustainable agricultural practices.

Gain deeper insights on the market and receive your free copy with TOC now @: Biostimulants Market Report

The biostimulants market has witnessed significant developments in recent years due to growing awareness about sustainable agriculture practices and the need for improving crop productivity. Manufacturers are continuously improving the formulation of biostimulant products to enhance their efficacy and ease of application. This includes the development of concentrated liquid formulations, water-soluble powders, and granular formulations that ensure better nutrient absorption and distribution in plants. Biotechnological advancements have played a crucial role in the development of biostimulant products. Biotechnological techniques such as genetic engineering, microbial fermentation, and extraction processes are being used to produce biostimulants with higher concentrations of active compounds, improved efficacy, and targeted functionalities. There is ongoing research to better understand the mode of action of biostimulants and their interaction with plants. This research aims to identify specific physiological and biochemical mechanisms triggered by biostimulants, including hormonal regulation, enzyme activities, gene expression, and nutrient uptake pathways. The findings help in optimizing the application of biostimulants for maximum plant response.

Companies are focusing on developing biostimulants tailored for specific crops or plant species. These specialized products consider the unique nutritional and physiological needs of different plants, ensuring targeted benefits and improved crop performance. Several countries have started implementing regulations specific to biostimulant products. These regulations aim to define product categories, establish quality standards, and ensure the efficacy and safety of biostimulants in agricultural practices. The introduction of regulations provides clarity to manufacturers, distributors, and farmers, fostering responsible growth of the biostimulants market. Microbial-based biostimulants, such as beneficial bacteria and fungi, are gaining attention in the market. Researchers are exploring different microbial strains and their interactions with plants to unlock their potential in improving nutrient uptake, disease resistance, and overall plant health. Farmers and agronomists are incorporating biostimulants into integrated crop management practices, including precision agriculture and sustainable farming systems. Biostimulants are being used in combination with other inputs like fertilizers and crop protection products to optimize plant health, reduce chemical inputs, and improve environmental sustainability. The biostimulants market is experiencing global expansion, with increased product availability in various regions. This expansion is driven by rising demand for sustainable agriculture solutions, government initiatives supporting organic farming practices, and the need to address environmental concerns associated with conventional agricultural practices.

[divine-nonchalance]

The Importance of Soil Shade

The more shade you have on the soil, the more activity you get in the top layer, which is where most of the magic happens.

Low, ground covering companion plants are excellent, grow zucchini, pumpkins, cerastium, coriander, clover, marigolds, etc. right alongside your cannabis to facilitate that and make your garden more productive and more beautiful and to attract more beneficial insects.

Instead of wasting time, effort, resources, energy to get rid of unwanted insects, invite legions of the ones that eat them by sowing the plants that attract them.

But you can’t and don’t need to get rid of all of them, all that’s necessary is balance. And balance is what creates abundance, and when you have abundance then who cares about a little loss?

All you gotta do is sow more seeds.

Let them work for you, they want to.

This is what gives everything more flavor, more terpenes, more joy.

The longer you can observe without judgement the more you will see that everything works together in existence even if it doesn’t apparently seem so.

Every disaster that I can possibly think of has had positive impact as well. Every time it awakens tremendous compassion, and it reminds us to be grateful for all that we have, even if it seems like little. It can all disappear in the wink of an eye.

So please, throw some more different seeds around. Diversity is our biggest treasure.

It also in turn activates a wider diversity of beneficial / mycorrhizal fungi which in turn helps the soil hold more water, feeds bacteria, helping decomposition, and creates CO2 right at the feet of the plants which again feeds them.

Shading soil is absolutely essential. And all you gotta do is select the species of plants and throw the seeds down. Prune, chop and drop at will.

Harvest only half of everything and your soil and yields will improve and increase so fast, year after year, it’ll make your head spin.

Harvesting only half of everything means the rest keeps ripening creating seeds genetically adapting to your specific location, making the new generations stronger.

Harvesting only half of everything saves enormous amounts of money, long term, because no machines are needed, no seeds need to be purchased or collected.

Nature doesn't need automation, it **is** the automation. 

It all keeps going and all we need to do is sow abundantly once, then harvest only half of what we get, that’s it.

It couldn’t be easier.

[dailyanarchistposts]

Biotechnology and the future of humanity

From ‘Green Revolution’ to ‘Gene revolution’

The latest stage in this process is the use of GM organisms in the production of food (although, of course, food production is only one aspect of the GM world the corporations are preparing for us). Despite the claims of the corporations that this technology is ‘green’ and desperately needed to ‘feed the world’, it will in fact continue and accelerate the degradation of the natural world and the immiseration of the human species characteristic of previous phases in the industrialisation of food production.

The claim that the introduction of GM crops will lessen the use of agro-chemicals is a simple lie. Of the 27.8 million hectares of GM crops planted world wide in 1998, 71% had been modified to be resistant to particular herbicides. This represents a major intensification of chemical agriculture since usually crops can’t be sprayed with broad-spectrum herbicides (such as Roundup) for obvious reasons. Monsanto have applied for and received permits for a threefold increase in chemical residues on GM soya beans in the US and Europe from 6 parts per million (ppm) to 20ppm. Two biotech companies, Astra Zeneca and Novartis, have actually patented techniques to genetically modify crop plants so that they are physically dependent on the application of certain chemicals; so much for claims that GM will lessen the use of agro-chemicals.

Companies involved in this field are also planning major investment in new facilities to increase the production of biocides. Monsanto have announced plans to invest $500 million in new production plants for Roundup in Brazil. This is on top of $380 million on expanding production in the rest of the world. AgrEvo have increased production facilities for their herbicide glufosinate in the US and Germany and expect to see sales increase by $560 million in the next 5–7 years with the introduction of glufosinate-resistant GM crops. Like Roundup, glufosinate is hailed as being ‘environment friendly’ but is in fact highly toxic to mammals (particularly affecting the nervous system) and, even in very low concentrations, to marine and aquatic invertebrates. This last is particularly worrying since glufosinate is water-soluble and readily leached from soil to groundwater. As for Monsanto’s ‘environment friendly’ biocide Roundup, it can kill fish in concentrations as low as 10ppm, stunts and kills earthworms, is toxic to many beneficial mycorrhizal fungi which help plants take up nutrients and is the third most common cause of pesticide-related illness among agricultural workers in California; symptoms include eye and skin irritation, cardiac depression and vomiting.

Crops have also been genetically modified to produce their own pesticide, most notably by inserting genes from a naturally occurring bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt). This produces a toxin that kills some insects and their larvae by destroying their digestive tracts. The substances produced by the GM crops are toxic and persist in the soil longer, killing a wider range of insects and soil organisms. It is also inevitable that some of the target organisms will develop immunity and farmers will return to chemical sprays or whatever the next technical fix the corporations come up with happens to be. It is also likely that either through cross-pollination or through the action of bacteria and/or viruses the Bt gene will end up in other plants with unpredictable effects on food production and ecosystems. This shows that the corporate justification of GM technology, that it is only an extension of traditional breeding methods, is utterly false. Human beings can alter the characteristics of plants and animals by crossing closely related individuals. We cannot cross a bacteria with a plant, a fish with a strawberry or a human with a pig, yet GM potentially makes possible any juxtaposition of genes from anywhere in the web of life.

[bumblebeeappletree]

We meet Professor Kingsley Dixon, AO, a botanist whose devotion to science has transformed our understanding of native plant cultivation.

He lives on a 160-acre garden and bush block south of Perth, in the Darling Range. This is the passion project of Professor Dixon, an internationally recognised botanist who revolutionised native plant cultivation and is now cultivating a botanic garden of his own. Kingsley, his husband Lionel, and their dog, Rufus, have been working on this historic garden for almost 10 years, lovingly restoring the 12 acres of formal gardens, amassing collections of native and exotic plants, and observing the unique wet temperate forest surrounding it.

Kingsley has decades of important contributions to plant science in Australia, and created the Science and Research department at Kings Park, which he helmed for 32 years. Most notably, he led the team that discovered it was not heat or ash from a bushfire that stimulated the germination of so many Australian plants, but chemicals found in the smoke. This year, he was recognised for his contribution to Australian plant science, receiving an Officer of the Order of Australia (AO). He was also Western Australia's Scientist of the Year in 2016, and was featured in David Attenborough’s BBC Private Life of Plants documentary series.

Kingsley grew up in Bayswater, in the eastern suburbs of Perth. ‘My family loved gardening but we were really working class. My dad was a tractor driver but he collected water lilies, we were always building lily ponds!’ His family were largely unaware of native plants though, as were many people at the time.

"My first experience working with native plants was in the summer holidays of 1965/1966. I was 12 years old and had nothing to do, so I would sit in the car with my father while he worked as a bulldozer driver for the rubbish dump. Every day, we drove by a sign for Wyemando Native Plant Nursery, and I finally built up the courage to ask him to drop me off there in the morning and pick me up on his way home from work. I walked into this nursery and asked if I could help out."

The two sisters who ran it, Nancy and Susan Harper, begrudgingly obliged, and his mind was opened to the wonderful world of native plant cultivation.

"Working there exposed me to extraordinary diversity that impressed me so much. I wanted to find magical places that they talked about seeing and collecting plants." This obsession motivated him through his studies.

Along with a team of colleagues from Kings Park and the Universities, he undertook an 11-year study to identify the specific chemical in smoke that is responsible for germination. More than 4000 chemicals in smoke were analysed. This led to the discovery in 2004 of a new class of molecules that they named karrikinolides, after the Noongar word for smoke, ‘Kerrick’. Karrikinolides were the first new class of plant growth regulation hormones discovered in 30 years, and are now used in the common horticultural product, smokewater. "Few other single ecological findings have had such a profound impact across so many areas of Australian ecology.’"

Kingsley has also led significant research in the study and cultivation of native terrestrial orchids. He was one of the scientists who studied the link between orchids and their mycorrhizal fungi, which are crucial to their growth. In the field as well, he was the first to describe at least 3 species of orchid, and Caleana dixonii, the Sandplain Duck Orchid, was first identified by and later named after him.

His research now largely focuses on rebuilding landscapes, such as mine site rehabilitation.

At home, he is also excited to have grown one of Western Australia’s rarest plants, a carnivorous aquatic species called the Waterwheel Plant that traps small insects and animals in the water.

Filmed on Pindjarup Country in Waroona, WA

[rupalic]

Agricultural Microbials Market to Showcase Continued Growth in the Coming Years

The agricultural microbials market refers to the sector involving microorganisms that are used in agriculture to enhance crop productivity and sustainability. These microorganisms include bacteria, fungi, viruses, and protozoa that provide benefits such as improving soil health, nutrient uptake, pest resistance, and crop yield.

Key Factors Driving the Agricultural Microbials Market Growth

Sustainable Agriculture: Growing awareness and demand for sustainable farming practices are driving the adoption of agricultural microbials. These microorganisms offer a natural alternative to chemical fertilizers and pesticides.

Environmental Regulations: Stricter regulations regarding the use of synthetic chemicals in agriculture are encouraging the use of microbial products.

Technological Advancements: Innovations in microbial formulations and delivery systems are enhancing the efficacy and adoption of these products.

Increasing Food Demand: The rising global population is increasing the demand for food, pushing farmers to seek more efficient and sustainable ways to boost crop productivity.

The agricultural microbials market size is expected to generate a revenue of USD 12.6 billion by 2027 and is estimated to be valued at USD 6.4 billion in 2022, at a CAGR of 14.6% from 2022 to 2027.

The agricultural microbials market is segmented based on:

Type:

Bacteria: Includes nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphate-solubilizing bacteria, etc.

Fungi: Includes mycorrhizal fungi, Trichoderma, etc.

Viruses: Viral biopesticides targeting specific pests.

Protozoa: Less common but used for certain niche applications.

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Application:

Soil Treatment: Enhancing soil health and fertility.

Seed Treatment: Protecting seeds and improving germination.

Crop Protection: Biological control of pests and diseases.

Post-Harvest: Extending shelf life and reducing spoilage.

Crop Type:

Cereals & Grains: Corn, wheat, rice, etc.

Fruits & Vegetables: Apples, tomatoes, leafy greens, etc.

Oilseeds & Pulses: Soybeans, lentils, etc.

Others: Specialty crops and forage.

Agricultural Microbials Market Trends

Advancements in Microbial Technology

Genomic Research: Advances in genomic sequencing and microbiome research are enabling the development of more effective and targeted microbial products.

Enhanced Formulations: Innovations in formulation technology are improving the stability, shelf life, and efficacy of microbial products, making them more practical for widespread use.

Integration with Precision Agriculture

Data-Driven Farming: The integration of microbial products with precision agriculture technologies allows for more precise application, optimizing their benefits and reducing waste.

IoT and Sensors: Use of IoT devices and sensors in fields to monitor soil health and crop conditions can help in timely application of microbial products.

Regulatory Support and Government Initiatives

Subsidies and Incentives: Governments are increasingly offering subsidies and incentives to promote the use of biopesticides and biofertilizers.

Regulatory Frameworks: Development of clearer regulatory frameworks for microbial products is facilitating their market entry and acceptance.

Rise of Biofertilizers and Biopesticides

Biopesticides: Increasing incidences of pest resistance to chemical pesticides are driving the use of biopesticides, which offer a sustainable alternative.

Biofertilizers: Growing awareness of soil health and the benefits of biofertilizers in enhancing nutrient availability is boosting their adoption.

Schedule a call with our Analysts to discuss your business needs: https://www.marketsandmarkets.com/speaktoanalystNew.asp?id=15455593

How are large-scale investments in R&D by key companies impacting the agricultural microbials industry?

Major players in the agricultural microbials industry, like BASF, Bayer, and Sumitomo Chemicals, are investing heavily in research and development (R&D) and strategic acquisitions to expand their offerings of beneficial microbial products. This trend is expected to fuel significant growth in the market. For example, BASF’s new multipurpose facility allows them to produce a wider range of biological crop protection solutions for the booming Asia Pacific market. Additionally, collaborations like BASF’s partnership with Vipergen and Bayer’s work with Thrive are accelerating the discovery of sustainable solutions that minimize environmental impact and empower smallholder farmers.

North America holds the largest agricultural microbials market share

North America stands out as a major agricultural exporter. Abundant water resources, vast arable land, and a spirit of agricultural innovation among its farmers fuel this strength. Additionally, well-developed infrastructure facilitates the efficient movement of goods. Government policies further solidify this advantage. The Agricultural Improvement Act, for example, demonstrates a commitment to organic farming through dedicated research funding and trade promotion efforts. Even with a decline in overall farmland, Canada’s agricultural sector is experiencing a surge in practices utilizing biofertilizers and biopesticides, reflecting a growing focus on sustainable methods.

How do top agricultural microbials companies aim to enhance their market position in the agricultural microbials industry?

A global leader in crop protection, Bayer CropScience champions sustainable agricultural practices. Part of the Bayer corporation, this segment offers a comprehensive range of solutions, including high-quality seeds, improved plant traits, innovative biological and chemical crop protectants, digital farming tools, and extensive customer support. Bayer leverages a vast collection of over 125,000 microbial strains to develop new and beneficial products through genetic diversity. Additionally, they focus on RNA interference (RNAi) techniques for efficient crop protection solutions. The acquisition of Monsanto further bolstered their research in RNAi technology, expanding their capabilities to deliver advanced crop protection.

FMC Corporation, a leading agrochemical company, empowers growers globally with innovative solutions. Committed to environmental responsibility, they champion sustainability across their fungicide, insecticide, herbicide, and Plant Health segments. Notably, the Plant Health segment, offering a diverse range of plant protection products derived from natural sources like microorganisms, has seen significant growth in recent years.

Formerly the agricultural division of DowDuPont, Corteva Agriscience became an independent company in 2019. With its headquarters now in Indianapolis, Indiana, and a global network spanning over 140 countries, Corteva operates through Global Business Centers and regional offices. They leverage a robust infrastructure of over 150 research and development facilities and 92 manufacturing sites to deliver innovative solutions to farmers worldwide. Corteva operates in two core segments: Crop Protection and Seed.

[oaresearchpaper]

Terra Preta Media and Corn Growth: Pyrolysis System Impact

Abstract

Terra preta is a black soil found in the Amazon basin in the 15th century with the main characteristics of black and loose has the nature of resistant to leaching, able to provide and maintain nutrients in a very long time, whereas in Indonesia the availability of such land has not yet existed so it is necessary to make and apply terra preta soil with mineral soil base material mixed with charcoal, bones burned with pyrolysis combustion system and other organic materials. In enriching microorganisms, mycorrhizal fungi are added which function to increase nutrient absorption, increase plant resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses, able to maintain growth and production stability. The study aims to determine the effect of the application of terra preta planting media with pyrolysis combustion systems on the growth and production of corn plants using polybags. The results showed that the application of terra preta in general had a good effect on the growth and production of corn compared to plants that only used mineral soil or control media. Application of T1: 100% terra preta treatment on observations of plant height and stem diameter showed the best treatment. On observation of the number of leaves, of wet weight and dry weight of root, canopy, corn seed, corn cob and corn husk of T5 treatment: mineral soil + 15gr mycorrhizae + 80% terra preta showed the best treatment.

Introduction

Soil conservation was carried out hundreds of years ago by residents of the American Amazon basin in the form of the addition of biochar from the burning of minimal oxygen (pyrolysis) as a soil enhancer (Adimihardja, 2008). Biochar can overcome limitations and provide additional options for land management. The result of the addition of biochar in the form of black soil called terra preta managed by the Amerindian people 500 years ago which is to maintain organic carbon content, high fertility even though abandoned thousands of years by local residents (Lehmann et al., 2003). This soil is enriched with nutrient content two to three times that of the surrounding soil even without fertilization. Organic matter content and high nutrient retention are caused by very high carbon black content (Lehmann and Rondon 2006; Sohi 2009). Black carbon comes from biological biomass through combustion at temperatures of 300-5000C under limited oxygen conditions to produce aromatic organic matter with carbon concentrations of 70-80% (Lehmann et al., 2006).

Terra preta in the Amazon basin is very fertile and able to multiply with a speed of 1 cm per year. However, the availability of such land in Indonesia is very small or even can be said to be non-existent. The method used to improve soil quality in Indonesia is by making terra preta with the main ingredient of mineral soil which is added by biochar with a pyrolysis system and then activated with sulfuric acid and added animal dung, urine, animal bones and mycorrhizae. The activation process aims to break the hydrocarbon bonds so that biochar undergoes changes in physical and chemical properties with a larger surface area which affects the adsorption power (Sembiring and Tuti, 2003). The composition of these materials is whether artificial black soil has physical, chemical and biological properties such as terra preta soil and what is the ideal composition of terra preta to increase plant growth and crop production. According to Gani (2009) biochar effectively retains nutrients for its availability for plants compared to other organic materials such as leaves waste, compost or manure. The addition of coconut shell charcoal can increase plant growth through its effectiveness in the availability of nutrients, especially P because it has a high cation exchange capacity (Soemeinaboedhy and Tejowulan, 2007) and serves to assist the development of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi in the roots so as to provide additional nutrients as well as a shelter for microorganisms (Soemeinaboedhy and Tejowulan, 2007). Warnock et al., 2007). Therefore, to optimize the use of terra preta, roots need the help of mycorrhizal fungus hyphae to be able to absorb and reach more nutrients because the roots have different exudates from roots that are not infected with mycorrhizae because hyphae on mycorrhiza are able to help plant roots reach further and absorb elements more nutrients (Talanca, 2010). Mycorrhizal dose of 20g/plant is the best dose for growth of vanilla seeds (Tirta, 2006). Therefore it is necessary to research into the production of artificial terra preta with pyrolysis combustion systems and their application to plants that aim to find artificial terra preta, to know the effectiveness of artificial terra preta as an alternative planting medium, to know the response to growth and crop production. This research adds to the availability of fertile fertile soil that can increase plant growth and production so as to create a stable price for plant products.

Source : Terra Preta Media and Corn Growth: Pyrolysis System Impact | InformativeBD

[reasonsforhope]

Lomwé and Macua communities in Mozambique’s Zambezia province traditionally harvest wild mushrooms to eat alongside staples like cassava. Conservationists are working with hundreds of indigenous women there to commercialize the sale of mushrooms like the vivid orange Eyukuli (Cantharellus platyphyllus) as part of a wider strategy to protect forests surrounding Gilé National Park.

The mushrooms are harvested in a 55,600-hectare (137,400-acre) buffer zone surrounding the national park during the height of the Southern African country’s wet season, from November to April. After harvesting, the fungi are cleaned, dried, and transported by road to Maputo, the capital, more than 2,000 kilometers (1,200 miles) away. There, they’re packaged and sold under the trade name Supa Mama.

This is the first time that native Mozambican mushrooms have been commercialized in the country.

Gilé covers an area of 286,100 hectares (707,000 acres), much of this covered in miombo woodlands that include tree species, like those from the Brachystegia genus, whose roots host mycorrhizal fungi. These underground networks help the trees absorb nutrients and moisture, and announce their presence in the form of diverse fruiting bodies above the ground: mushrooms.

Providing an economic incentive to protect the trees could be key to leaving them standing while promoting the wild mushroom harvest, says Alessandro Fusari...

Communities living around Gilé harvest at least 46 species of mushroom for local consumption. These include eyukuli, the trumpet-shaped khaduve (Lactifluus edulis), and the broad-capped namapele (Lactarius densifolius). So far, a total of five species are being harvested and packed for commercial sale under the project.

Pictured: Cantharellus platyphyllus (called Eyukuli in Lomwé) is one of 46 wild mushroom species Indigenous women harvest.

“Slowly, the community, especially the women, are learning that keeping the trees standing means having a bigger production of mushrooms,” Fusari tells Mongabay. “Since they’re starting to see commercial results, more and more avoid cutting trees.”

The project, which is supported by the French Development Agency, is in its third year, meaning the team doesn’t yet have the hard data to determine its success. But, Fusari says, the reduction in tree cutting “is a clear trend that is happening.”

Mushroom harvesting around Gilé is typically done by women while out doing other tasks, such as gathering firewood. The mushroom project works with 900 or so members of 30 women’s groups drawn from communities living in the national park’s buffer zone.

Gilé National Park is home to animals that include buffalo, wildebeest, sable, waterbuck, and around 50 elephants. Many of these animals were reintroduced from other areas to rebuild the wildlife wiped out during Mozambique’s 1977-1992 civil war.

...Giving commercial value to something normally only collected for subsistence is part of a wider program to promote sustainable agriculture...

The teams collecting mushrooms have already been trained in sustainable harvesting methods. For instance, they cut rather than pull the mushrooms from the ground, to avoid damaging the mycelium, or root-like structure, beneath the surface; they brush the dirt off the mushrooms wherever they pick them, to leave as many spores there as possible; and the women carry their harvest home in open baskets, to allow spore dispersal along the way.

-via Good News Network, October 14, 2023. Based on reporting by Mongabay News, September 1, 2023.

[chaya-mga2022mi6014]

Concept Idea #01 | Research - Types of Mycorrhizal Fungi

Types of Mycorrhizal Fungi:

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF): These fungi (from the phylum Glomeromycota) penetrate plant root cells, forming tiny tree-like structures called arbuscules inside the roots. They are the most common type of mycorrhizae.

Ectomycorrhizal Fungi: These fungi (from the phyla Basidiomycota and Ascomycota) form a sheath around plant roots and extend into the soil with their hyphae. They don't go inside the root cells but still help the plant get nutrients.

Strigolactones: These are plant hormones released by the roots into the soil. They act as a calling card for the fungi to come to the tree.

Myc Factors: These are molecules produced by the fungi in response to strigolactones. They help the plant recognize the fungi and start the symbiotic relationship.

Phosphorus and Nitrogen Uptake: The fungi’s hyphae are like long fingers that reach out into the soil to grab nutrients like phosphorus and nitrogen and bring them back to the plant. The fungi’s hyphae also help hold the soil together, preventing it from washing away during heavy rains.

Carbon Transfer: The plant makes sugar from sunlight through photosynthesis and shares some of this sugar with the fungi as a reward for their help.

Antibiotic Production: Some fungi produce substances that act like natural antibiotics, protecting the plant roots from harmful germs.

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All these different types of Mycorrhizal Fungi i've mentioned above could be turned into tiny characters doing different jobs in my illustration. The roots and fungi talking to each other is like having tiny helpers underground that make sure plants stay healthy, grow well, and share their food with each other. This helps make forests and farms better and keeps the soil full of nutrients. And I could illustrate this entire process through translating this into a world with its own tiny characters with very important jobs.

[r-e-s-e-a-r-s-h-d-g]

The Role of Inoculants in Enhancing Crop Adaptation to Climate Change

Sowing Resilience: The Crucial Role of Inoculants in Enhancing Crop Adaptation to Climate Change

In the face of unprecedented climate challenges, the agricultural sector is increasingly turning to innovative solutions to bolster crop resilience and ensure food security for a rapidly growing global population. Among these solutions, agricultural inoculants stand out as powerful tools capable of enhancing crop adaptation to the changing climate. As the Agricultural Inoculants Market continues to expand, exploring the role of inoculants in climate change adaptation unveils promising avenues for sustainable agriculture in a warming world.

Agricultural Inoculants Market: The Agricultural Inoculants Market is experiencing significant growth, driven by the urgent need for sustainable farming practices that can withstand the impacts of climate change. Inoculants, which contain beneficial microbes that promote plant growth and soil health, are at the forefront of this market, offering innovative solutions to help crops adapt to changing environmental conditions.

Enhanced Stress Tolerance: Climate change brings a myriad of stressors to agricultural ecosystems, including extreme temperatures, erratic rainfall patterns, and increased pest and disease pressure. Agricultural inoculants play a crucial role in enhancing crop stress tolerance by introducing beneficial microbes that help plants cope with these environmental challenges. By promoting stress-responsive mechanisms, such as antioxidant production and osmotic regulation, inoculants enable crops to thrive in the face of adversity.

Agricultural Inoculants Market: Within the Agricultural Inoculants Market, the focus on enhancing stress tolerance underscores the importance of inoculants in climate change adaptation. By equipping crops with the tools they need to withstand environmental stresses, inoculants contribute to the resilience and productivity of agricultural systems, ensuring food security in the face of a changing climate.

Improved Nutrient Efficiency: Climate change can alter nutrient availability in the soil, affecting crop growth and yield. Agricultural inoculants help address this challenge by improving nutrient efficiency in plants. Beneficial microbes contained in inoculants, such as nitrogen-fixing bacteria and mycorrhizal fungi, enhance nutrient uptake and assimilation, enabling crops to thrive even under conditions of limited nutrient availability.

Agricultural Inoculants Market: In the Agricultural Inoculants Market, the emphasis on improving nutrient efficiency highlights the role of inoculants as essential components of climate-smart agriculture. By maximizing nutrient utilization in crops, inoculants help optimize resource use, reduce fertilizer inputs, and mitigate the environmental impacts of agricultural production.

Disease Resistance: Climate change can create favorable conditions for the proliferation of pests and pathogens, posing a threat to crop health and productivity. Agricultural inoculants contribute to disease resistance by stimulating plant defense mechanisms and enhancing natural disease suppression in the soil. By promoting a healthy and balanced soil microbiome, inoculants help crops fend off pests and diseases, reducing the need for chemical interventions.

Agricultural Inoculants Market: Within the Agricultural Inoculants Market, the focus on disease resistance underscores the importance of inoculants in protecting crops against emerging threats posed by climate change. By bolstering plant immunity and promoting biological control of pests and pathogens, inoculants offer a sustainable and environmentally friendly approach to disease management in agriculture.

Improved Water Use Efficiency: Climate change is expected to exacerbate water scarcity in many regions, posing a significant challenge for crop production. Agricultural inoculants help address this challenge by improving water use efficiency in plants. Beneficial microbes contained in inoculants promote root development and enhance water uptake, enabling crops to thrive with less water and withstand periods of drought.

Agricultural Inoculants Market: In the Agricultural Inoculants Market, the focus on improving water use efficiency highlights the role of inoculants in building drought resilience in crops. By enhancing water uptake and retention, inoculants help crops maintain productivity even under water-limited conditions, ensuring food security in water-stressed regions.

In conclusion, agricultural inoculants play a critical role in enhancing crop adaptation to climate change, offering innovative solutions to help farmers navigate the challenges posed by a warming world. As the Agricultural Inoculants Market continues to grow, investing in and scaling up the adoption of inoculant technologies represents a crucial step towards building resilient and sustainable agricultural systems that can withstand the impacts of climate change and ensure food security for future generations.

[d-g-i-t-a-l]

The Role of Inoculants in Enhancing Crop Adaptation to Climate Change

Sowing Resilience: The Crucial Role of Inoculants in Enhancing Crop Adaptation to Climate Change

In the face of unprecedented climate challenges, the agricultural sector is increasingly turning to innovative solutions to bolster crop resilience and ensure food security for a rapidly growing global population. Among these solutions, agricultural inoculants stand out as powerful tools capable of enhancing crop adaptation to the changing climate. As the Agricultural Inoculants Market continues to expand, exploring the role of inoculants in climate change adaptation unveils promising avenues for sustainable agriculture in a warming world.

Agricultural Inoculants Market: The Agricultural Inoculants Market is experiencing significant growth, driven by the urgent need for sustainable farming practices that can withstand the impacts of climate change. Inoculants, which contain beneficial microbes that promote plant growth and soil health, are at the forefront of this market, offering innovative solutions to help crops adapt to changing environmental conditions.

Enhanced Stress Tolerance: Climate change brings a myriad of stressors to agricultural ecosystems, including extreme temperatures, erratic rainfall patterns, and increased pest and disease pressure. Agricultural inoculants play a crucial role in enhancing crop stress tolerance by introducing beneficial microbes that help plants cope with these environmental challenges. By promoting stress-responsive mechanisms, such as antioxidant production and osmotic regulation, inoculants enable crops to thrive in the face of adversity.

Agricultural Inoculants Market: Within the Agricultural Inoculants Market, the focus on enhancing stress tolerance underscores the importance of inoculants in climate change adaptation. By equipping crops with the tools they need to withstand environmental stresses, inoculants contribute to the resilience and productivity of agricultural systems, ensuring food security in the face of a changing climate.

Improved Nutrient Efficiency: Climate change can alter nutrient availability in the soil, affecting crop growth and yield. Agricultural inoculants help address this challenge by improving nutrient efficiency in plants. Beneficial microbes contained in inoculants, such as nitrogen-fixing bacteria and mycorrhizal fungi, enhance nutrient uptake and assimilation, enabling crops to thrive even under conditions of limited nutrient availability.

Agricultural Inoculants Market: In the Agricultural Inoculants Market, the emphasis on improving nutrient efficiency highlights the role of inoculants as essential components of climate-smart agriculture. By maximizing nutrient utilization in crops, inoculants help optimize resource use, reduce fertilizer inputs, and mitigate the environmental impacts of agricultural production.

Disease Resistance: Climate change can create favorable conditions for the proliferation of pests and pathogens, posing a threat to crop health and productivity. Agricultural inoculants contribute to disease resistance by stimulating plant defense mechanisms and enhancing natural disease suppression in the soil. By promoting a healthy and balanced soil microbiome, inoculants help crops fend off pests and diseases, reducing the need for chemical interventions.

Agricultural Inoculants Market: Within the Agricultural Inoculants Market, the focus on disease resistance underscores the importance of inoculants in protecting crops against emerging threats posed by climate change. By bolstering plant immunity and promoting biological control of pests and pathogens, inoculants offer a sustainable and environmentally friendly approach to disease management in agriculture.

Improved Water Use Efficiency: Climate change is expected to exacerbate water scarcity in many regions, posing a significant challenge for crop production. Agricultural inoculants help address this challenge by improving water use efficiency in plants. Beneficial microbes contained in inoculants promote root development and enhance water uptake, enabling crops to thrive with less water and withstand periods of drought.

Agricultural Inoculants Market: In the Agricultural Inoculants Market, the focus on improving water use efficiency highlights the role of inoculants in building drought resilience in crops. By enhancing water uptake and retention, inoculants help crops maintain productivity even under water-limited conditions, ensuring food security in water-stressed regions.

In conclusion, agricultural inoculants play a critical role in enhancing crop adaptation to climate change, offering innovative solutions to help farmers navigate the challenges posed by a warming world. As the Agricultural Inoculants Market continues to grow, investing in and scaling up the adoption of inoculant technologies represents a crucial step towards building resilient and sustainable agricultural systems that can withstand the impacts of climate change and ensure food security for future generations.

[b-l-o-g-g-i-n-g]

A Key Tool in Organic Crop Production

Cultivating Sustainability: Inoculants as Essential Allies in Organic Crop Production

In the realm of organic farming, where sustainability and environmental stewardship are paramount, agricultural inoculants emerge as indispensable tools for nurturing soil health, enhancing nutrient availability, and promoting crop productivity. As the Agricultural Inoculants Market continues to expand, understanding the pivotal role of inoculants in organic crop production unveils their transformative potential in fostering resilient and sustainable farming systems.

Agricultural Inoculants Market: The Agricultural Inoculants Market is witnessing a surge in demand, driven by the growing adoption of sustainable farming practices, including organic agriculture. In this context, inoculants—products containing beneficial microbes that promote plant growth and soil health—play a crucial role in supporting the principles of organic farming, such as soil fertility management, biodiversity conservation, and reduced reliance on synthetic inputs.

Soil Health Enhancement: At the heart of organic crop production lies a deep commitment to nurturing soil health—a foundation that sustains plant growth and ecosystem resilience. Agricultural inoculants contribute to soil health enhancement by introducing beneficial microbes, such as nitrogen-fixing bacteria, mycorrhizal fungi, and phosphate-solubilizing bacteria, into the soil. These microbes foster nutrient cycling, organic matter decomposition, and disease suppression, promoting a balanced and vibrant soil ecosystem.

Agricultural Inoculants Market: Within the Agricultural Inoculants Market, the focus on soil health enhancement underscores the importance of inoculants in organic crop production. By harnessing the power of beneficial microbes, organic farmers can improve soil fertility, structure, and resilience, laying the groundwork for healthy and productive crops without relying on synthetic fertilizers or pesticides.

Nitrogen Fixation and Nutrient Management: One of the key benefits of agricultural inoculants in organic crop production is their ability to fix atmospheric nitrogen, a crucial nutrient for plant growth, without the need for synthetic nitrogen fertilizers. Nitrogen-fixing bacteria, such as Rhizobium and Bradyrhizobium species, form symbiotic relationships with leguminous crops, such as beans, peas, and clover, converting atmospheric nitrogen into a form that plants can use.

Agricultural Inoculants Market: In the Agricultural Inoculants Market, the emphasis on nitrogen fixation and nutrient management highlights the role of inoculants as sustainable alternatives to synthetic fertilizers in organic agriculture. By promoting biological nitrogen fixation, inoculants help organic farmers reduce their dependence on synthetic inputs, minimize nitrogen leaching and runoff, and improve soil fertility in a natural and environmentally friendly manner.

Mycorrhizal Symbiosis and Root Health: Mycorrhizal fungi represent another group of beneficial microbes that play a crucial role in organic crop production. These fungi form symbiotic relationships with plant roots, extending their reach into the soil and enhancing nutrient uptake, water absorption, and disease resistance. Agricultural inoculants containing mycorrhizal fungi help organic farmers improve root health, increase nutrient efficiency, and enhance plant vigor in a sustainable and holistic manner.

Agricultural Inoculants Market: Within the Agricultural Inoculants Market, the recognition of mycorrhizal symbiosis as a key driver of root health underscores the importance of inoculants in organic crop production. By fostering symbiotic relationships between plants and fungi, inoculants contribute to the resilience and productivity of organic crops, enabling farmers to achieve sustainable yields while minimizing environmental impact.

Disease Suppression and Pest Resistance: Agricultural inoculants not only promote plant growth and nutrient uptake but also play a role in disease suppression and pest resistance in organic crop production. Beneficial microbes contained in inoculants compete with pathogens for resources, produce antimicrobial compounds, and stimulate plant defense mechanisms, thereby reducing the incidence and severity of diseases and pests.

Agricultural Inoculants Market: In the Agricultural Inoculants Market, the focus on disease suppression and pest resistance highlights the multifaceted benefits of inoculants in organic crop production. By harnessing the power of beneficial microbes, organic farmers can build resilience against common pests and diseases, reduce the need for chemical interventions, and cultivate crops that are healthy, robust, and naturally resistant to environmental stresses.

In conclusion, agricultural inoculants are indispensable tools in organic crop production, offering organic farmers effective and sustainable solutions for enhancing soil health, optimizing nutrient management, and promoting crop productivity. As the Agricultural Inoculants Market continues to evolve, integrating inoculants into organic farming practices holds the key to fostering resilient, environmentally friendly, and economically viable agricultural systems that meet the needs of present and future generations.