#read the final chapter that summarizes the thesis

[utilitycaster]

"I don't want characters to be 'goals', I don't want them to be 'strong' or 'role models' or 'inspirational'—I want them to just be great characters. I don't want to bend over backward trying to find redeemable aspects or excuses for their actions. It's not a question of perception but of permission. The pleasure of watching unlikeable female characters is watching them make choices, following their intentions, and using their agency. Even when they don't get away with it, they have an intention; they're not passive. We might not always get what we want, but we always want something. And while women are mostly taught to temper their desires, curb their hunger, stop wanting quite so much, watching these characters unleash their wants is such a joy...

When I was pitching this book, I was asked a question: What do you want the readers to take away from this? Simple as it sounds, it's empathy. I'd like us to allow our female characters the same amount of empathy and grace that we allow all other characters. With all the talk around representation, we have not yet allowed our fictional women much leeway to be as messy, flawed, or downright evil as fictional men without making it into a headline or a joke."

-Unlikeable Female Characters

[lost-neurons]

Tips from Cal Newport's How to Win at College

Recently I finished Cal Newport's another book, How to Win at College. A fast read, the book is basically a list of tips gathered by the author to help the reader succeed easier at uni.

Some of them were quite obvious to me, some of them caught my attention more, and they are the ones you can find below. Words in italics are the exact quotations, headlines are also original from the book. The rest of it is my attempt to summarize it (although the descriptions in the book itself are very short and clear, so really, check out the book). Without further ado:

Studying

Build Study Systems

before you start to study spend few minutes so you know exactly what and how will you study, that way you will optimize your work and study more efficiently

Avoid Daily To-Do Lists

rather try time-blocking

Do Schoolwork Every Day

doesn’t matter how much you do, as long as you do something daily it will be easier staying in that zone of the smooth work flow

Find a Secret Study Space

Take the time to explore the odd corners and depths of your favorite buildings on campus, and you will certainly find a hidden jewel of a study space to call your own.

however! switch them from time to time to prevent making studying tedious and alienating

Don’t Study In Groups

you really do need to sit at your QUIET desk in the library to absorb the material

seek out someone for specific help on a specific issue, then return to your solo work

Don’t Do All of Your Reading

read chapter introductions and conclusions, skim everything else

you may miss something important, your professor won’t – listen carefully during class

pay more attention to the assignments which will be part of an exam but weren’t or won’t be covered in class 

make tick marks next to sentences that catches your attention and is faster than highlighting

Start Long Term Projects the Day They Are Assigned

finish some work the same day; 30 mins are enough, plan the whole thing, do some research, maybe write some draft

Keep a Work-Progress Journal

every nigh jot down the day’s date, the long-term work you had scheduled for the day, and the work that you actually accomplished, be brief

that will keep your mind in the game, and you will feel being hold accountable

Start Studying Two Weeks in Advance

first ~12 days– an hour or so, maybe a couple extra hours over the weekend

two days before exam  – three-hour secessions to cement that knowledge

Focus On Grades, Ignore G.P.A

bad grades happen, as long as you put in the effort nobody cares about one bad day

focus on learning for the sake of learning, not for the sake of grades !!!!

Uni life

Get Involved with Your Major Department

attend the events, guest lectures, seminars, public thesis defenses

show up once a month, become a recognized face, that will have several benefits

Learn to Listen

never be the first person to give an opinion, listen to others’ thoughts first, be sure you understand their positions, and then interject your own thoughts with careful aplomb

you don’t want to be that stuck-up person who acts like they know everything, and only they are right – listen, listen, listen!!!

Relax Before Exams

studying right up until the testing begins releases too much adrenaline, resulting in troubles with focusing

take an hour before an exam to relax so you will feel confident and calm

Ignore Your Classmates’ Grades

Worry about your performance and progress; let your classmates worry about their own.

Blow the Curve Once a Term

every semester choose one class you like, then within this class choose one interesting project, and then just absolutely kill it

Ask One Question at Every Lecture

(…) when you are doing the reading that will be covered in the lecture, jot down a quick list of questions that seem relevant. Then, once in class, follow the professor’s material carefully modifying and honing your questions as appropriate. Finally, when you feel you have a question that is meaningful, and will clarify an important point of the discussion, ask away.

Befriend a Professor

make them your mentor, they provide the letters of recommendation, informal instructions, and many other useful tools you need for academic success

visit office hours not only when you have troubles with certain topics; when working on a paper talk to them about possible topics, get feedback on the selected idea, check with them the structure of your argument, ask for clarification etc. etc. etc.

Apply to Ten Scholarships a Year

For every ten well-selected scholarships and awards you apply for, you probably have a good shot at winning at least one (…). The more scholarships you win, the better your odds on future applications.

it will accumulate and after few years your resume will be looking good when joining the job market

Lifestyle

Schedule Your Free Time

so you don’t waste it sitting and wondering what to do and turning 10-minutes jobs into 2-hours ones

either you are in one of your scheduled break periods, or are you working – no more feeling guilty or uncertain when to relax

Find an Escape

schedule an escape every single week, do it alone; can be a long hike, sitting in the coffee shop reading, anything allowing you to relax and cut off uni stuff for a few hours

Exercise Five Days a Week

keep yourself active to boost your brain, but also to take care of your muscles and joints – they were made to move!

Stay In Touch

talk to your family and friends at least once a month; literally talk, call them or meet if you can, messaging doesn’t count nor sending voice massages

Don’t Undersleep, Don’t Oversleep

find out how many hours do you need to feel rested and stick to them

avoid too few but also too many hours of sleep – The fact that you can sleep more, doesn’t mean that you should.

Laugh Every Day

Find something every single day that will make you laugh

Seek Out Fun

if you don’t actively seek out fun, it won’t actively seek out you

Reconsider reading Newport's book, or give his podcast (Deep Questions with Cal Newport) a try. He's the first person I found with such a healthy approach to productivity and work

[inspireofffice]

How to Conclude a Dissertation in a Few Easy Steps

Dissertation Conclusion :

dissertation conclusion is the final chapter of a dissertation that summarizes the key points and findings of the research. It should be concise and well-written, as it is the last thing that the reader will read before finishing the dissertation.

Here are some tips to consider when writing your dissertation conclusion:

Keep it brief: Your conclusion should be concise and to the point, as it is meant to summarize the main points of your dissertation.

Link back to your introduction: Your conclusion should tie back to the introduction, reminding the reader of your research question and the purpose of your study.

Avoid introducing new information: Your conclusion should not contain any new information or arguments that have not already been discussed in the body of your dissertation.

Edit and proofread carefully: Make sure to proofread and edit your conclusion carefully to ensure that it is well-written and free of errors.

In this article, we will provide guidelines on how to write a strong conclusion for a dissertation. A dissertation conclusion can be challenging to write, especially after writing a lengthy dissertation of more than 10,000 words. However, it is important to summarize the key points and highlight the significance of your research in the conclusion. We will also discuss common pitfalls to avoid and provide examples of effective conclusions.

Key Points for Writing a Dissertation Conclusion

Your dissertation’s conclusion should clearly state your choice of thesis topic and your contributions to the related field of study.

Most often, readers rush straight to the dissertation conclusion to acquire the substance of your research.

Therefore, it is crucial that you leave a lasting impression on your readers when you wrap up your dissertation.

In your Dissertation Conclusion, you should: Start by stating the research purpose that you outlined in the Introduction.Address the research questions that you posed in the Introduction.Provide a clear solution to the problem statement you presented in the Introduction.Address the research gaps that you identified in the Literature Review.Explain why you chose the research methodology you used in the Research Methodology chapter.Discuss your justification for the findings presented in the Research Findings chapter.Summarize the key points from the Discussion chapter.Align the research findings with the aim and objectives of your research.Avoid repeating information or going into unnecessary detail.Keep your focus on the thesis topic and research purpose throughout the conclusion.

Purposefully Craft Your Dissertation’s Conclusion:

In the conclusion of your dissertation, it is important to summarize the research process and demonstrate how your work has contributed to a deeper understanding of the topic. You should also highlight any new knowledge or insights gained through your research and explain how they contribute to addressing the research purpose.

It is essential to keep the conclusion focused and concise, while also expressing the importance of your research and the ways in which it can inspire future studies.

It is crucial to ensure that the conclusion is a unique result of your in-depth research and not just a repetition of previously stated information.

Length of the Dissertation’s Conclusion:

The conclusion of a dissertation is typically 5-10% of the total word count, and should summarize the main points of the research.

Empirical research tends to have shorter conclusions than theoretical or systematic reviews.

It is important to include recommendations for future research in the conclusion, which should take up about half a page.

It is important to follow the guidelines set by the university for writing the conclusion, as some universities may include the conclusion as part of the discussion chapter, in which case the conclusion should make up only 5% of the total word count.

Conclude your dissertation without drawbacks:

In the Dissertation Conclusion, it is important to be concise and avoid unnecessary elaborations. Any debates should be addressed in the Chapter for Discussion.

The Conclusion Chapter should only include justifications related to the research process and its purpose.

To make the Conclusion systematic, it is important to follow the structure of the research and not repeat information.

In addition, it is important to use clear language and short sentences, and make logical connections between sentences.

Avoid using ambiguous language and ensure that the points of argument are placed in a logical structure.

To write a clear and effective Dissertation Conclusion, it is important to summarize the entire research process and highlight the key findings. The Conclusion should provide a systematic justification for the derivations made in the research.

[aimlayworldwide]

What is PhD thesis in English literature?

A PhD thesis in English literature represents the culmination of years of academic research and is a significant milestone in the life of any aspiring scholar. This lengthy and intricate document serves as a testament to the candidate's expertise, dedication, and contribution to the field of English literature. In this 1000-word essay, we will delve into the essence of a PhD thesis in English literature, its purpose, structure, and the journey that leads to its completion.

A PhD thesis in English literature is an extensive research project that aims to make a substantial and original contribution to the field. It is the final step in a doctoral candidate's academic journey, and it demonstrates their ability to conduct independent research, think critically, and engage with the existing body of literature. The thesis serves as a platform for scholars to explore, analyze, and advance the knowledge in their chosen area of interest within the realm of English literature.

Purpose of a PhD Thesis in English Literature

The purpose of a PhD thesis in English literature is multifaceted. First and foremost, it is a means for the candidate to showcase their expertise in the subject matter. This expertise is honed through years of rigorous study, coursework, and, most importantly, the extensive research conducted during the doctoral program. The thesis allows the candidate to demonstrate their mastery of the subject, including their understanding of literary theory, research methodologies, and critical analysis.

Furthermore, a PhD thesis is a contribution to the existing body of knowledge. It should offer fresh insights, innovative perspectives, and new interpretations of literary texts or themes. Scholars are encouraged to explore uncharted territories within the realm of English literature, shedding light on overlooked works, authors, or themes. In this way, a thesis adds to the ever-evolving discourse in the field.

Structure of a PhD Thesis in English literature

The structure of a PhD thesis in English literature typically follows a well-defined pattern. While there may be some variations depending on the university's guidelines and the candidate's specific focus, the following elements are generally included:

Introduction: This section provides an overview of the research topic, its significance, and the research questions the thesis aims to answer.

Literature Review: A comprehensive review of existing literature and scholarship related to the research topic. This section serves as the foundation for the candidate's research, demonstrating their knowledge of the field's current state.

Theoretical Framework: Here, the candidate outlines the theoretical framework that will guide their analysis and interpretation of the literary texts.

Methodology: A description of the research methods employed, including data collection, data analysis, and any other relevant procedures.

Chapters or Sections: The body of the thesis is composed of several chapters or sections, each addressing a specific aspect of the research topic. These chapters may include critical analysis, close readings of literary texts, and discussions of themes or motifs.

Conclusion: The final chapter summarizes the main findings, discusses their implications, and suggests avenues for future research.

Bibliography: A comprehensive list of all the sources, both primary and secondary, used in the research.

Appendices: Any additional materials, such as transcripts, questionnaires, or illustrations, are included in the appendices.

The journey towards completing a PhD thesis in English literature is arduous and demanding. It begins with the selection of a research topic, a process that can take considerable time and thought. Candidates must choose a topic that both excites their intellectual curiosity and offers a significant contribution to the field.

Once the topic is chosen, the candidate embarks on an extensive literature review, delving into existing research to identify gaps and opportunities for their own contribution. They formulate research questions and hypotheses, develop a research plan, and select the appropriate methodology for their study.

The data collection and analysis phase can take several years, as it involves reading and analyzing literary texts, conducting interviews or surveys, and critically engaging with the materials. This process demands a high level of dedication, as scholars must balance their research with other academic responsibilities, such as teaching, coursework, or publishing.

Throughout this journey, candidates often receive guidance and feedback from their advisors or supervisory committees, who help refine the research and ensure it aligns with the highest academic standards. The process culminates in the composition of the thesis, which can be a daunting task in itself.

In the end, the completion of a PhD thesis in English literature is a momentous achievement, reflecting not only the candidate's academic prowess but also their perseverance, critical thinking abilities, and contribution to the field. It is a testament to the vitality of the discipline and the enduring quest to uncover new insights and interpretations within the rich tapestry of English literature.

Conclusion

A PhD thesis in English literature is a significant undertaking that represents the culmination of years of rigorous study, research, and critical thinking. Its purpose is to showcase the candidate's expertise, contribute to the field's body of knowledge, and provide fresh perspectives on literary texts and themes. The structure of the thesis follows a standard pattern, with an introduction, literature review, theoretical framework, methodology, chapters, conclusion, bibliography, and appendices. The journey towards completing a thesis is a demanding one, requiring dedication, intellectual curiosity, and the guidance of mentors. Ultimately, the completion of a PhD thesis in English literature is a testament to the candidate's academic prowess and their enduring commitment to advancing the discipline.

[drsorrell]

Wed. 9.27.23

Announcements & Reminders: Final Draft of Paper #1 due Friday

Intro/Transition to Unit 2

I thought we could introduce Unit 2, which is called"'How Can we Bridge the Differences that Divide Us?': Entering a Conversation."

Last year, students were extremely quiet during discussions about these readings. Class discussions on these topics often bombed, no matter how creative I got with activities! It's probably some of the controversial issues. I thought that maybe if we had a general introduction and friendly conversation together ahead of time, then people would be less afraid to speak up in class.

Discussion is a key part of thinking through opinions, ideas, arguments, and evidence. It helps produce much stronger papers in the end, too, so I want us to be able to chat when we have these reading-based classes (especially when they're followed by writing workshop classes).

The end game of Unit 2 will be an essay that incorporates two authors but argues your own thesis:

(1100 words): Choose two essays from Chapter 20 (377-483). Summarize both of the arguments (“They say”). Explain how the authors agree and disagree. Craft your own response to the issues raised (“I say”). Include a naysayer or counterargument and a response to this. Address “so what?”"

In Unit 2 (Chapter 20), you will read the following writing essays:

Blanda, “The “Other Side” Is Not Dumb”

Boyd, “Why America Is Self-Segregating”

Coryell, “All Words Matter: The Manipulation behind ‘All Lives Matter’”

Alexander, “The New Jim Crow”

McWhorter, “Could Black English Mean a Prison Sentence?”

Vance, “Hillbilly Elegy”

Pruitt, “What Hillbilly Elegy Reveals about Race in Twenty-First-Century America”

Mehta, “Jobs, Crime, and Culture: The Threats That Aren't”

Frum, “How Much Immigration Is Too Much? The Wrong Debate”

Brief Discussion: Please write your responses in the Schoology forum for today first, then we'll talk. A sentence or two for each is fine!

Reviewing this list of readings, can you think of any connections (ideas, examples, or experiences) between the new unit on "How Can We Bridge the Differences That Divide Us?" and the one we just did, "What's College For?"

Look at the list of readings again and think about which topics you might be most interested in or topics you already know you won't want to write about. Why or why not?

What might make students more afraid to participate in discussions about these subjects? What would help you discuss these subjects?

Homework: Read Ch. 20, Blanda (380-386) and Boyd (387-396). Think of other examples that help prove or disprove their points and be ready to share.

[educationalapps]

Best Learning App for State Board Students

Top 5 Best Learning Apps for State Board/Class 6-10

  If you are looking for some great apps to help you with your studies, look no further! Here are five of the best apps for students of all ages.

1. Introduction

  In this chapter, we will introduce the main concepts behind Blockchain technology. We will start by explaining what a Blockchain is, and then delve into the features that make it so unique. Finally, we will provide a use case to illustrate how Blockchain can be applied in the real world.

2. Top 5 best learning apps for state board/Class 6-10

  There are a multitude of apps available that can help students learn. In this chapter, we will discuss the five best apps for students preparing for state board exams or students in Classes 6-10.

The first app is called Upbind -  This app is great for students who want to review material for an upcoming test. Quizlet allows you to create flashcards and then test yourself on them. The app also includes a variety of games to help you learn the material.

The second app is called Elevate. Elevate is an app that helps you improve your skills in a variety of areas, such as math, writing, and reading. The app includes a variety of exercises to help you improve your skills.

The third app is called Memrise. Memrise is a great app for learning new words. The app includes a variety of exercises to help you learn the new words.

The fourth app is called Khan Academy. Khan Academy is a great app for students who want to learn more about a variety of subjects. The app includes a variety of videos and exercises to help you learn.

The fifth and final app is called Quizster. Quizster is a great app for students who want to take practice quizzes. The app includes a variety of quizzes on a variety of subjects.

3. Conclusion

  The conclusion of any paper is the most important part. It is the time to summarize the main points and restate the thesis statement. In this paper, we have looked at the history of the electric guitar, the different types of electric guitars, and the different players who have made their mark on the electric guitar. We have also looked at the different effects that electric guitars can create and how they have been used in different genres of music. The electric guitar is a unique instrument that has been used by some of the greatest musicians in history. It is an instrument that can be used to create a variety of sounds and can be used in a variety of genres of music.

4. Resources

  Resources are important for any business. In order to be successful, a business needs to have the proper resources in place. This includes financial resources, human resources, and physical resources.

A business needs to have a good financial foundation in order to be successful. This means having a solid financial plan and enough money to cover expenses. A business also needs to have good human resources. This includes hiring the right people and providing them with the necessary training and support. A business also needs to have the right physical resources. This includes having the right office space, equipment, and supplies.

If a business lacks any of these resources, it will be difficult to be successful. It is important to take the time to assess what resources a business needs and make sure they are in place.

These apps are a great way to supplement your learning, and they can help you get ready for your exams. So, if you are looking for a way to improve your study skills, be sure to check out these apps!

[academicresearch]

Here are ways to write a thesis for a research paper

You will need to write a thesis statement that is appropriate for the type of paper you are writing. Here is how to write the different kinds of thesis statements:

Argumentative Thesis Statement:

The argumentative thesis statement identifies your topic, position, and reasons for taking that position. you can use it when you are Making a claim. You can use a thesis Generator tool to create an argumentative thesis.

Analytical Thesis Statement:

Your analytical thesis should describe the topic of your paper, what you analyzed, and what conclusions you reached as a result of your analysis. It should be used when you are Analyzing an Issue.

Expository Thesis Statement:

You should formulate a thesis statement for your expository paper that states the topic of the paper and summarizes the key points of the paper. Best works when Explaining a Topic

Here is a checklist you can follow to make your thesis easy and on point:

A typical thesis may take anywhere from 2 to 3 months depending on your research area and time availability.

It would be good to start early and to keep writing short reports of every experiment you do or every discovery you make.

Keep your research work organized to avoid remembering what to write for each experiment.

Make several backups of your thesis data. Keep an up-to-date backup in some cloud storage (Dropbox, Google Drive ).

Give proper citations wherever necessary. If you are taking a figure or picture from someone else's work, cite them. Whether consciously or unconsciously, avoid plagiarism.

The thesis statement should appear somewhere in the first paragraphs of the paper, usually as the final sentence of the introduction.

Read through each chapter for grammatical errors once you have written all the chapters.

Whether academically or not, give credit to those who helped you. It is the best way to show your appreciation. In your acknowledgment, include a few sentences.

For your reference you can also go through this article Thesis Writer to help you learn to write in academic contexts.

[missskzbiased]

I Hate That I’m Afraid to Love You (17)

Genre: Romance, Friendship, Angst, Hurt /Confort , Suggestive, Fluff, College Au, Enemies to Friends to Lovers Au, REALLY Slow burn, Love Square (?)

Pairing: Hyunjin X Fem!Reader  X Han X OC

WC: ~ 7,5,K

[Previous] [Chap] [Next]

Masterlist

Warnings (general*): Language, Mentions of (Physical abuse, Death/ Loss of Loved One, Child Abandonment/Neglect, Divorce, Toxic Parents, Cancer, Mental disorder, Anxiety Attack, Alcohol, Food), Suggestiveness

Notes: It’s Hyunjin’s Pov. I got to finish chapter 18 today. Probably gonna try to write some of 19 later. I’m posting earlier just because I’m really tired and I’m afraid I might be too sleepy later LOL

Updates: Tuesdays

                                                          ////

  HYUNJIN’S POV

  You were being ridiculous.

  You crossed your legs, sighing as you stared at both cups in your hands in wonder. Why would you be sitting on a bench on a Monday morning with two cups of coffee ─ well, actually one cup of black coffee and one of iced Americano ─ if not to wait for someone? It was so painfully obvious that for a second you thought about throwing them away in the trash and acting as if you weren’t a… You didn’t even know how you should be calling yourself now.

  You scowled, getting up from the bench and heading to the closest trash bin, settled in assuming your usual fuckboy façade to try to approach Y/N. Why would you act differently now? It wasn’t like you loved her or something… Maybe you were a little bit infatuated by the fact that she could listen and understand you better than anyone else –

  See? That kind of awfully awful thought… You should be ashamed.

  You kinda were.

  “Hey” Yeah… Of course, she would see and talk to you at the exact same moment you were about to throw coffee away for absolutely no reason. You exhaled slowly, closing your eyes to recompose yourself before turning around with a smug smile.

  “Hey” You offered back in a husky tone.

  “Did you scratch your throat or something?” She asked in confusion, frowning as she stared at your neck “You sound… I don’t know… Kinda different?” She said unsurely, hands trailing to her own throat and massaging it mindlessly.

  Great… Exactly the reaction you wanted.

  “Oh, no!” You cleared your throat, massaging it as well “I bought these drinks and I drank yours by mistake” You explained, handing her the cup. She narrowed her eyes at you, studying you closely before reaching for it.

  “Thanks…” She said warily “What’s the occasion?” She asked, tilting her head, eyes wandering around your face before she sipped the coffee, humming in appreciation “This is really good!” She raised her brows in surprise, shifting her gaze to the cup.

  “Well, I stopped by a café to buy some for me on my way here, and… Well, I remembered you have an exam today, right?” You smiled at her, knowing far too well that what you just said was bullshit “I thought you could use some real coffee today” You shrugged.

  “I don’t have an exam today…” She frowned, holding the cup with both hands as she thought about it.

    You fought back a smile, watching as she scrunched her nose and tried to figure out what was going on; lips slightly projected forward in something close to a pout but not quite. The way she held the cup with both hands made her look smaller than usual, and for some reason, you found it incredibly endearing. There was something soft spreading in your chest, some kind of warmth that made you want to wrap her in your arms and squeeze her but you ignored it.

    Y/N wasn’t the cute little type… She would hit you for sure if you tried to do anything similar to this. You were yet to understand how she didn’t just kill you after the fake kiss at the stairs… You were lucky as fuck. She raised her eyes to you in question, making you gulp down. You had those eyes so close to yours… That nose brushing against yours… Those lips…

    “You don’t? I must have heard it wrong then” You lied, sipping your drink mindlessly. Or at least, you hoped she thought all of it was natural and unplanned “Well, you like coffee anyway…” You shrugged, glancing at her as you walked together towards the stairs “Consider it a friendship treat” She hummed, nodding in mock acknowledgment.

    “Why does it sound like a poor excuse to buy me something?” She laughed, nudging your side “It’s awesome to have two rich friends to pay for my stuff” She joked, taking another gulp of her coffee “I guess this one is pretty good because it doesn’t even feel like grumpy o’clock anymore” You laughed at this, smirking at her.

    “Maybe it’s not the coffee but my company” You said suggestively, wiggling your brows at her, making her chuckle, “Or it could be the sugar” You said playfully, grinning when she took the bait.

    “Not really, those from the stands are usually really sweet… This one is actually way more bitter than I’m used to” She admitted “But it’s g—“ You didn’t even let her finish.

    “Oh? So you’re saying you prefer sweet things?” You could tell she knew you were about to make some silly input just by the way she arched her brow in expectation “If you want some more sugar, I can be your Sugar Daddy, you know?” You joked, fighting back your laughter as she grimaced at you, huffing.

  “Really?” She couldn’t help but chuckle “That must have been the worst pick up line you have said in your whole life” She pointed out, grimace dissolving into a playful expression “You’re too young to be my sugar daddy, though” She reminded you, shaking her head in amusement.

  “I can be your honey, then” You chortled when she choked on her coffee, pushing your shoulder lightly as she looked at you astonished.

  “Oh my God… You’re a compulsive flirter, what the hell!” She whined, wiping her mouth “How can you come and show your face when you’re like this?!” She asked dumbfounded, shaking her head in disbelief.

  “Did you look at my face? There is nothing to be ashamed of here” You joked, and she grimaced again in mocking disgust “Come on! You love me just like this” You said in a singsong “You said so yourself” You reminded her, making her snort.

  “I do love you just like this” She agreed, offering you a small smile that made your heart flutter for a second “The amount of self-esteem oozing out of your ass is going to be my thesis’ theme, so I have to love it” You rolled your eyes when her small smile dissolved into a mocking one “I may even get a prize… I don’t think someone ever saw something as big as this” She joked, making you snort.

  You opened your mouth to retort her but she beat you to it.

  “Please… No comments about your dick and your hook-ups” She pleaded, furrowing her brows at you in disgust.

  “Hey, I wasn’t going to say something like this!” You protested, even though it did cross your mind “I was going to smoothly change the subject to the book I couldn’t finish reading because I had to save Han’s ass that day” You threw her your best condescending smile, getting a knowing mumble as an answer.

    “ I see… So you want the juicy gossip” She mocked, making you roll your eyes “I have the book back if that’s what you want… But the coffee and that not so smooth change of the subject make me think that you want to know more” She smirked.

  “Not really” You shrugged, though you really wanted to know, “I just want the book back so I can finally finish it” You lied, and she nodded, clearly not buying your words “I mean it” You tried to emphasize your fake intentions but she just rolled her eyes.

  “What do you wanna know?” She asked bluntly, stopping to rummage through her bag before handing you the book “We’re okay now… He needs more time and I’m okay with it” She summarized, zipping her bag close “Everything is fine and I’m late for my classes” She chuckled, hoisting the bag over her shoulder.

    “So… He talked to you like an actual human being?” You sneered, and she threw you a look before sighing.

    “Yes… He made a good point, to be honest” She giggled, remembering something from their conversation “He was afraid to talk to me about needing more time because he knew I’d go and try to convince him otherwise” She seemed to find it funny “Anyway… He has a lot to deal with right now, and I can wait for him to act normal again” She shrugged.

    “I see…” You pursed your lips, patting the book’s cover distractedly “And what about Paris? She told me she kinda confessed to him…” You cleared your throat, trying to change the subject again.

    She narrowed her eyes at you, suspicious of your question.

                                                            ////

    The book was good but that wasn’t the only reason for you to be here.

    You looked around the library, trying to find an inner excuse to be here apart from returning the book to Y/N, but finding nothing interesting enough. You leaned on the counter, waiting for her to show up as you mindlessly flipped through the pages, clearing your throat to see if you could catch her attention on the back. As much as you felt ridiculous doing things like this, there you were acting like a needy crushing boy…

    What goes around comes around.

    Would you even imagine that one day you would be trying to catch someone’s attention instead of simply having it on your own terms? No. You wouldn’t. You could just return the book to her tomorrow ─ when you would see her in class anyway ─ but you choose to come to the library on a Thursday afternoon just to do it… Someone should be stopping you from being… A Han or something.

    Ugh.

    “Oh!” She blurted when she came back to the counter, looking at you with curious eyes “What are you doing here?” She asked interested, suddenly frowning and seeming to think deeply “Shouldn’t you wait like… I don’t know some weeks to break up yet?” She seemed genuinely confused by your presence, and you found it too amusing.

  “Can’t I come here to visit a friend?” You teased, arching your brow as you failed to fight back your smile.

  “I mean- Well, yeah…” She floundered, clearing her throat “It’s kinda unexpected” She admitted, chuckling “Not even Chan comes to visit me in here and he actually likes to read” She joked, and you leaned on her way, resting your chin on your palm as you smirked at her.

  “Well, maybe you should pick me instead” You suggested, looking into her eyes with your best alluring look but the girl seemed to be built to ignore all your charms.

  “You wish” She snorted “At least, Chan doesn’t jokingly flirt with me all the time!” She rolled her eyes, bumping your nose playfully before organizing some books on a desk behind her.

  “Neither do I” You said sincerely but she laughed dismissively.

  Well, you weren’t jokingly flirting with her… She was just too dense.

  “Anyway!” You shrugged off, placing the book on the counter with a thud “I’m here to give it back to you” You smiled at her as she glanced over her shoulders “I’ve finished it and I hate to admit it but you were right… It’s really good” And you weren’t just saying it.

  “Oh? Better than your drama?” She taunted, grinning mischievously.

  “You’re getting ahead of yourself” You grimaced at her, making her giggle “But I was wondering… Do you have any more indications? I may have liked it enough to read some more…” You muttered, and she smiled knowingly at you.

  “I always have some good indications!” She chirped “I knew you would like it! We have a section here that is filled with books that might be of your liking… Do you want to check them out?” She asked excitedly, and you had to fight back the urge to coo at her.

  She was too cute for her own good.

  “Well… Why not?” You shrugged as if you weren’t interested at all “I can help you out with those” You gestured to the books pile behind her “And then you can show me this section… Maybe I’ll find something I like” She smiled at you, picking up the books and placing them on the counter for you to have access to them.

  “Sounds great!” She said, studying you from head to toes “And kinda suspicious too…” She narrowed her eyes, a grin plastering on her face “First you buy me coffee and then you help me out with my work? Spill the beans” She said teasingly, and you looked at her with unimpressed eyes.

  “If Chan was the one doing it… Would you find it suspicious?” You asked, arching your brow at her “You’ve been saying I’m too flirty and all that… But I’m beginning to think that you like to think I’m flirting with you, Y/N” You smiled condescendingly at her, tilting your head in a silent mockery.

  “I didn’t say you were flirting with me now” She pointed out, grimacing at you judgingly “I said you were being suspicious” She reiterated “Maybe you’re the one who likes to think I want you to flirt with me, Hyunjin” She sneered, making you scoff as you looked away.

  She was a too attentive piece of shit…

  How could she be so perfect?

  For Lord’s sake… You were wasted.

                                                              ////

   You were lucky enough to not be soaked to the bones.

  You walked into the classroom, fingers running through your wet hair in a slow-motion that wasn’t really intended but also not completely unplanned. You didn’t mean to make it an event but what could you do? You knew what people wanted to see. You stopped in front of the board, fixing your hair as you looked at Y/N, licking the drop of water that reached the corner of your lips.

    You lifted your chin just a little bit, half-lidded eyes fixing on your friends as you stretch your neck, letting the drops slid down your throat to your covered collarbone. You could hear some gasps around, and the quiet admiration fueled your ego as you shook your head to get rid of some of the water in it. You licked your lips, biting them before making your way to your seat.

    You felt Y/N’s eyes on you, lighting up your smugness.

    “Morning” You smirked, tilting your head as you threw her a look, eyebrows millimetrically positioned to give off the confident and sexy vibe you were aiming for “How are you today, ladies?” You asked jokingly, taking off your coat.

    “Cold” Y/N answered mindlessly, studying you from head to toes.

    You chuckled at her ─ making sure your voice sounded husky enough to enhance your attempt to look desirable ─ dusting off your shirt that was half-way opened. You noticed how she fixed her gaze on your bare chest for a second, though you couldn’t really tell what was going through her mind, and you smirked at her as she did. You opened your mouth, ready to tease her about it. The ‘Like what you see?’ almost slipping from your lips.

  “Aren’t you feeling cold like this?” She asked in utter confusion “It’s freezing outside…” She added, tilting her head and looking at you as if you had three heads “Didn’t you see it was going to rain today? Do you need a coat? I can ask Chan to pick up something in my room” She offered, and you had to fight all your instincts not to scowl at her.

   I can ask Chan to pick up something in my room… Tsk.

  Unbelievable.

  You glared at Paris as she snorted, looking at you filled with amusement. You grimaced, pretending to laugh along with her before sulking and sitting down. She pinched her nose’s bridge, trying to concentrate enough to not laugh straight to your face. You were surrounded by great friends… You scoffed, shaking your head in disbelief as you buttoned up your shirt.

  “What are you talking about, Y/N?” Paris asked playfully “Can’t you see that he’s too hot to be cold?” She mocked you, giving you a teasing look that quickly turned out in a pained one as you stepped on her foot.

  “I don’t think that’s how it works” Y/N chuckled, resting her cheek on her palm and leaning forward on her seat to look at both of you.

  “Don’t you think he’s hot enough for heating up the room?” She continued her teasing, and you had to breathe deeply not to slap the back of her head.

  “You guys are so funny… Ha!Ha!Ha!” You rolled your eyes, huffing.

                                                        ////

    You should thank God for not being a spy.

    You couldn’t really say you were doing a good job at hiding your newfound feelings ─ though feelings might be too strong of a word ─ from your friends. It was more than obvious that Chan would find suspicious the fact that you just fucking snapped your head to the mere mention of her name on the phone. So right now ─ as you sat on the couch, back straightened unnaturally ─, his eyes seemed to shoot a hole in your head to search for something in your soul.

      “What?” You spat annoyed, trying to cover up for your slip-up with some fed-up manners that were bound to make him go away if you were lucky.

    You weren’t.

    “What?” He repeated fascinated “I’m the one who should be asking it” He chortled “You almost broke your neck just to pry into my call” He pointed out, brow arching up in suspicion. You pretended not to notice his narrowed eyes and musing; humming before he finally asked it “Hyunjin… Are you into Y/N?” the amusement under his tone was heavy enough to hit you like a brick.

    “Please… What is there to like about her?” You scoffed, but Chan didn’t buy it at all. He crossed his arms over his chest, leaning his back on the counter as he studied you with attentive eyes. You cleared your throat, averting your eyes from him before connecting them again.

    “Well… You tell me” He sneered “I wasn’t the one who got hard because she was on my lap” He reminded you; the teasing mixing with contempt as he huffed “I also wasn’t the one who spent weeks fucking random chicks trying to get the idea of fucking her out of my system” You paled at this, the cold sweat getting to your palms.

    “I wasn’t trying to –” He interrupted you with a scoff.

    “With all due respect… I have known you for years, Hyunjin” He rolled his eyes “You have never once fucked so many girls in a short amount of time like this… And just after you had a boner like a bloody teenager?” He snickered, grimacing at you knowingly “It sounds like someone was trying to prove something to themselves and failed” He tilted his head, challenging you to say otherwise.

    “To be fair, I didn’t fail…” You muttered grumpily “It was all good until she talked with me…” You were fully aware that you weren’t making any sense, grumbling like a kid that had just been separated from their toy.

    “Care to enlighten me?” He smirked.

    Yes, I do! Fuck off…

    This is none of your business!

    What do you have to do with it? Are you her boyfriend?

    “There isn’t much to tell…” You answered instead, shrugging at him “I realized that we have more in common than I thought… And it felt good to be listened to and have someone who understands me…” You cleared your throat “I was pretty much convinced that it was just a thirsty episode after…” You hummed, trying to search for a good word “That week…” You trailed off.

    “So you actually fucked her out of your mind” He chuckled, finding it funny the way you tried to be polite about it now.

    “Yeah…” You agreed embarrassed “And then she started to go after Han and it got me really mad because… Well, you know” You rolled your eyes “She was trying to make it all better and he was treating her like shit and…” You glanced at him uncertain but as his smirk dissolved into a serious expression, you knew he had understood it “Yeah” You concluded warily.

    “It doesn’t answer my question” He pointed out, and you sighed.

    Would he be less attentive someday?

    “So I kinda pretended to kiss her to throw him off…” You mumbled, and you never saw Chan straightening his back so fast before “But I had my thumb over her lips!” You blurted, eyes widening as he uncrossed his arms.

    “You did what?!” He sounded more surprised than mad, brows arched in utter disbelief “And it didn’t cross your mind to tell me this?!” He chortled “Didn’t she punch you or something? She definitely can take you down in a blink of an eye” He mused, looking for any bruises on you.

    “She didn’t” You admitted, still finding it strange “I guess I was too hurt and she saw right through me… She knew that there was something wrong and she wanted to listen to me… So we talked it through and…” You played with your hands, glancing at Chan in expectation “Well, I don’t know what else to say” You shrugged.

    “Just say you like her” He suggested, chuckling at you.

    And that was exactly the thought you were trying to avoid all this time.

    What was it to like someone? You had asked yourself thousands of times already. Was it about what you wanted them to see in you? Was it about what you wanted from them? Was it about how you felt when you were with them? Was it about the understanding between each other? Was it about wanting to be with them?

  You wanted her to see you as the best one out there.

  Although you found this urge silly and embarrassing, you kept acting like a fool every single time you were around her. You thought that trying to make someone like you, acting differently around them, and trying to convince them that you were the best version of yourself… It was definitely liking.

  The problem was that as much as you wanted her to notice you and see you under a whole new light, you knew that there was no need to hide anything… She knew the deepest and darkest parts of you and didn’t run away. So, yeah! Maybe you were putting too much effort ─ even if you weren’t planning to do so ─ into impressing her but you knew that it didn’t matter in the end.

  She liked you just the way you were.

  For you, liking someone meant to be obsessed with things that shouldn’t matter at all. You didn’t expect her to do anything special… You didn’t expect her to say sweet things to you, or take care of you, or run her fingers through your hair… Well, you kinda wanted it but it didn’t really matter. As long as you had her smiling and sharing things with you… As long as she could tease you and laugh with you when you guys stumbled over each other around the campus…

    You didn’t want her to go out of her way for you.

    You wanted to be on her way.

    You couldn’t remember a time when you felt genuinely happy with a girl… You could remember being smug as you walked around with them as if they were your new trophy. You could remember being playful and teasing and thirsty… Well, you could definitely remember being thirsty a lot of times. Yet, you couldn’t remember feeling so… At home? You didn’t even know if you could actually say something like that.

    It was like she could understand all of you and still welcome you at the end of her day. It was like she could set you on fire and give you some kind of light and warmth that you didn’t feel for ages. It was like being with her was an adventure and still, you didn’t fear anything when you were beside her.

  It was humiliating to feel like this.

  And you probably were a hell of a masochist because you loved it.

  You had to be stupid to think that all that had come from a simple talk on a Friday afternoon. You knew it was much more than that. It came from years of being disgusted with each other… Hiding and searching for the greatest weakness you could find. It came from being vulnerable enough to open up and redeem yourselves… It came from accepting each other… It came from listening, sharing, teasing, healing…

    You scoffed, nodding at Chan as you met his eyes.

    “Yeah… Maybe I like her” You agreed, lowering your gaze to the floor.

    The problem was that Friday didn’t show you how you liked her… It showed you every single thing you were trying to ignore until now. It showed you how much you have gone through and how much both of you were connected to some extent.

    It showed you that liking wasn’t quite the word you were looking for.

                                                            ////

    The first step was to acknowledge your feelings.

    Bullshit.

    The first step should be you burying your feet into Chan and Paris’ heads so they could stop being so painfully obvious about all of it. Was it just in your head or were they actually working together to humiliate you right now? Maybe they were just too excited… To be fair, you couldn’t understand what was going on inside their heads anymore.

    It wasn’t like knowing your friend’s favorite dish was a crime, right?

    Apparently, to the two holy detectives that watched every single step of yours, it was the worst of the crimes; worthy of knowing looks and teasing kicks. What a great way to live your life. You deadpanned as you looked at them, arching your brows to see Paris giggling as she retreated her leg and Chan smirking in your way. You let a hint of disgust show on your face as you wandered your eyes between both of them, wondering why ordering Y/N’s favorite dish should be an event now.

  So what that you wanted to please her?

  “Isn’t that like your favorite dish, Y/N?” Paris decided to play innocent. The way you had to hold back to not kick her under the table ─ just like she had been doing with you every two minutes ─ was worthy of mention on Guinness Books.

    “Won’t you go to the kitchen to cook it?” Chan arched his brow playfully, and you closed your eyes to breathe deeply, trying to stay composed. You opened your eyes to stare at him, lips quivering as you held back a grimace and laughed it off sarcastically.

    Of course, Y/N laughed about it as well.

    So maybe on Saturday ─ when you finally acknowledge your feelings to Chan after he invited her over for lunch ─ you had let it all go to your head and tried to pretend you were a good cooker… But did he need to expose you like that? What a great friend you had! You kinda expected Chan to tease you about your feelings but you also thought it would be something more… Private, to say the least.

  So, I made it for you…  You had said to her and as soon as those words came out of your mouth, Chan chortled, almost choking on his food, throwing you an amused look.

  You meant made the order, right? He laughed, and Y/N giggled along with him, pushing your shoulder.

   “Fucking hilarious” You snickered, scrunching your nose “You should drop Med school and try to be a comedian or something… You’re so talented” You added, utterly done with them.

  “You make it too easy” Y/N mocked you, grinning as she rested her cheeks on her hands, leaning on the table “No, but seriously now!” She said, grinning dissolving to an attentive frown “Even though roasting Hyunjin is one of my favorites hobbies” You scoffed, rolling your eyes “Paris and I actually wanted to invite you guys to a party” You frowned at her conclusion, tilting your head, intrigued.

  “A party?” You decided to make sure, suspicious of it.

  “Yeah” Paris intervened, smiling at you “Minho got into a team!” She said excitedly, and you couldn’t help but snort, grimacing at her as if she had just told you the best joke ever.

  “So what? We don’t even talk to him” You pointed out, getting a nod from Chan, who also seemed curious about their suggestion “I mean… Congratulations to him! But why would I go to a party because of this?” You questioned, narrowing your eyes at Paris.

  “Well… Han—“ You chortled, poking your cheek with your tongue.

  “Really?” You sneered “So Han suddenly have the time and the urge to speak to you again?” You rolled your eyes “Unbelievable…” You darted your eyes at both of them, frowning “And both of you are going to go?” You gestured between them, arching your brow.

  “And hopefully you and Chan!” Paris chirped, trying to keep the mood at the table “Come on… He was having a hard time figuring everything out and finally, something worked for him!” She pleaded, offering you big doe eyes that didn’t make you flinch a bit “Come on, Hyunjin! Do it for the team!” She forced a smile, and you sighed, shoulders dropping as you did.

  “What in the hell makes you think that we would agree to go to his party?” You asked tiredly “You know far too well that I don’t like him… He hates me, he punched me, he hurt Y/N… I don’t have a single reason to talk to him” You enumerated, pulling one finger at a time as you did.

  “He’s our friend, Hyunjin” Y/N reminded you “We’ll keep talking and walking with him and if you both keep hating on each other it’ll make everything awkward” You scowled at her “Just saying!” She shrugged “You don’t need to come but Paris and I really want you and Chan to get along with him at some point” You tried to hold her gaze but ended up averting your eyes anyway, tsking.

    “Well… I don’t have anything against him” Chan shrugged “I don’t need to go to a party to hang out with him… I hung out with Paris wanting to choke her every once in a while for all this time!” He added, chuckling as she tried to slap his arm.

    “Will it hurt you to go to a party, Chan?” Y/N nagged, rolling her eyes and getting a chortle out of all of you “I’m counting on your Daddy vibes to keep Hyunjin under your wing and prevent them from fighting” She pouted, trying to convince him.

    Ridiculous and yet cute… What the hell.

    “I don’t even go to parties to have fun… Why would I ever go to babysit them?” He grimaced, arching his brow “Moreover… Pouting doesn’t work with me, Sweety” He smirked, patting her hand over the table “You’ll have to try a little bit harder” He sneered, and she kicked him under the table, smiling obnoxiously at him.

    “Was that hard enough?” She taunted.

  “What about a deal?” Paris interrupted, trying to negotiate “If we convince one of you to go by the end of the day, then both of you will come with us” She smirked, throwing you a smug look that made you scoff, tilting your head.

  “Deal” You shook her hand.

  There was no way that Chan would agree to go.

                                                                ////

  So you had a party on Saturday.

  “How the hell did you convince him?” You whined, looking at Paris in a devasted way as you sauntered through the campus, trying to find a bench to sit down. She chuckled, nudging you and taking a look at your face before grinning mischievously, shrugging her shoulders.

  “I have my ways…” She answered mysteriously, making you roll your eyes.

  “You’re working together to play matchmaker, aren’t you?” She stuck her lower lip out, tilting her head in a mocking way that said ‘who knows?’ and making you shake your head in disbelief “You’re sly as hell” You whined, getting a chortle from her.

  “Come on! You clearly need it!” She insisted “You’re being way too obvious, Hyunjin! Paying attention to her likings? Buying her coffee? Ordering food and pretending to cook it?” She snorted, grimacing at you playfully “Trying to seduce her with a half-opened shirt?” She broke into a fit of giggles, probably picturing the humiliating scene.

  “Look, I wasn’t thinking straight at the time” You scowled at her, pouting as you thought about it “If it really was that obvious, she would have said something by now” You pointed out, and Paris snickered, giving you a thumb up in mockery.

  “Yeah! Because Han was so subtle and she totally figured him out” She sneered, and you couldn’t bring yourself to disagree. In fact, Y/N was blind to any kind of romantic feelings. You could come with a bouquet and a love letter… She would still find a way to see it as a great gesture of friendship.

    You were too naïve for your own good.

  “It’ll be so cute to see the two of you dating!” She chirped, eyes twinkling as she clasped her hands together, finally sitting down on a bench. She looked straight at you, waiting for you to say something, but you couldn’t bring yourself to answer her at first.

    Dating? Who said anything about dating? You didn’t want to date her… You frowned as you looked at Paris, unsure of what to say to her as you cleared your throat, wondering how you should put it. Yes, you might be in love with her but… Dating? You snorted. A relationship demanded too much from you… Were you ready to attach to someone like this?

  You didn’t think so.

  “What is it?” She narrowed her eyes at you, suspicious of your behavior “Why do you look like…” She studied you from head to toes before settling her gaze on your face “…This?” She floundered her hand around, gesturing at you with a disgusted frown.

  “What do you mean?” You tried to play dumb, sitting down beside her.

  “You know far too well what I’m talking about” She accused, eyes narrowing once again “Hyunjin, by any means are you thinking about playing with Y/N as you do to the other girls?” She asked cautiously, searching for any sign on your eyes that confirmed her assumption.

  “Never” You reassured her, hand going to squeeze her knee “It’s just… I mean, I don’t think I’m ready to go all in, you know? Yeah, I like her and all this… She’s my dear friend and I may or may not be in…” You gulped down, eyes darting at her as you cleared your throat “…to her” You finished, afraid to speak your real feelings out loud.

  “In…To her?” She snorted, looking away for a second before throwing you a look “You’re in love with her, that’s what you are” She rolled her eyes, shaking her head in disbelief “You never did anything like this before, Hyunjin… You’re the type of guy who has people throwing themselves at your feet” She acknowledges, and you shrugged smugly, a playful smirk playing on your lips “Tell me one time you tried so hard to get someone’s attention” She requested, crossing her arms and leaning back on the bench in a silent challenge.

    Romantically?

    Not even once.

    “Exactly” She grimaced, looking at you as if she could read your mind “If you don’t want to date her, why are you trying so damn hard? What is your point?” She asked skeptically, tilting her head as you opened your mouth to answer her.

  Just to close it again in wonder.

  She was right… Why were you trying to impress her so much if you had no intentions of actually getting into a relationship or something? It was more than obvious that Y/N wouldn’t be the kind to hook up with you and then just go with it… As far as you could tell, she had no experience in love. None. At all. There was no way she was going to just go with the flow and… And what? What were you expecting from all this?

  “Hey, Hyunjin” The husky voice got you out of your thoughts, making you realize that someone was standing right in front of you. Not only someone. You remembered her from… Maybe a month ago? You couldn’t even remember last time you got laid “I haven’t heard from you for a while…” She continued; tone still sexy enough to turn your smug façade on “New catch?” She asked, studying Paris for a second, a subtle smirk on her lips.

    “We’re just friends” Paris voiced your thoughts before you could, jolting her leg for you to let go of her knee. The girl chuckled, tilting her head as she seemed to eat Paris with her eyes, licking her lips before averting her eyes to you.

    “Yeah… I’ve been his friend a couple of times too” She joked, winking at you “If you guys are up to more friends…” She let her sentence hang in the air, shifting her gaze in a suggestive way that made you flustered. Good Lord… She was asking Paris to join your… Oh my God.

    “No need!” You blurted out, getting up abruptly “I mean- Do you want to be her friend?” You looked at Paris startled at the thought, getting furrowed brows that answered you right away “We don’t need any more friends, thank you!” You rushed to say, getting a blank stare before she averted her eyes to Paris, landing them on her for a few seconds.

    “I see…” She hummed, smiling at both of you mysteriously before throwing a few glances over her shoulder as she walked away.

    For some reason, it didn’t settle too well on your stomach.  

                                                        ////

    You snorted, rolling your eyes as you smirked at Paris.

    “I’m telling you!” She insisted, leaning forwards to slap Minho softly on the knee “The girl just came out of nowhere and suggested a threesome with me!” She laughed, leaning back on the chair as Minho huffed in disbelief.

    “There’s no way” He looked at you in awe “I’ve heard your reputation but… I mean- Where can I sign in?” He joked, arching his brows playfully as he chuckled. He crossed his arms, letting his body relax on the chair as he looked at you in amusement, tilting his head as he seemed to ponder something.

    It turned out that Minho wasn’t as unbearable as you thought.  

  “You’re not really my type” You fought back a smile as he scowled, nagging at you as he gestured mindlessly for you to get off of his tail “I guess you have to be born with a pretty face like me” You joked, and he groaned in answer, throwing his head back.

    “Is that what you need to get girls now? Have an obnoxious attitude like this?” He scoffed, shaking his head in disbelief as he connected his gaze to you again, trying to hide his smile “You’re not really my type either, baby boy” He scorned, grimacing at you sarcastically.

    “Who said he gets all the girls?” Paris teased, looking at you with grinning eyes that twinkled devilishly “A little bird told me that Hyunjin has a crush on someone and I haven’t seen him getting laid recently” You glared at her; lips quivering as you tried to hold back your frown.      

    “Wait” Y/N slowly raised her eyes from her beer, snapping them at you in surprise “You’re crushing on someone and everybody knows except me?” You paled, clearing your throat as you stared blankly at her, trying to think of an answer.

    That’s how blind you are…

    It’s not my fault you have such busybody friends!

    Yep! Because that’s you.

    “Aren’t you too interested in my love life?” You asked instead, trying to maintain a smug façade as you smirked at her, arching your eyebrow questioningly. She narrowed her eyes at you, seeing right through your attempt to change the subject. You hated when she did that… Yet, it was kinda endearing to know that she could figure you out like this.

    “I won’t even begin to talk about how you’re always meddling in my life” She raised her hand as if to tell you to stop with your bullshit “You’re a fuckboy and you’re not getting laid! How can I not be curious about this?” She scoffed, making you chortle.

    “I see… So you’re interested in my sex life” You corrected yourself, and she rolled her eyes “You can’t just live your sex life through me, sweetheart” You teased, pouting at her as she glared at you, clearly done with your teasing “You should have your own experiences… Actually having some sex instead of trying to stick your nose into my business” You chuckled as she huffed, poking her cheek with her tongue.

    “Who said I didn’t?” She arched her brow in a challenge.

    “What?” You asked, tilting your head in confusion as she gulped down her beer.

    “Who said I didn’t get laid?” She repeated, crossing her arms over her chest as she stared at you “I may not be like you but I had a share of affairs as well” She shrugged nonchalantly, and you could swear your jaw was on the ground by now.

    “You’re not a virgin?!” You blurted out in utter surprise hand snapping to your mouth as soon as the question slipped from your lips “Sorry! I didn’t mean to ask that” You rushed to say but she just snorted.

    “I always thought you were a virgin” Minho added anyway, sounding surprised as he frowned at you “You’re always working and eating hot dog… When the hell did you have the time to bang?” He asked in wonder, tilting his head “I can’t be the only one who’s not getting some here” He nagged, making you chortle.

    “You guys are too naïve” Paris chuckled “Y/N was clearly the cool mysterious kid that had a bunch of people over her feet!” She reasoned, gesturing to Y/N to make her point “It’s obvious that she got laid at some point of her life! Just look at her” She stated matter-of-factly, giving you all a know-it-all look.

    “Not really” Y/N chortled “I just got laid because I ended up hooking up with Chan—“ You could have choked to death right at that moment but as soon as you opened your mouth to gasp, Chan’s voice reached your ears, startling you to the point that your choking died on your throat.

    “Hey, Sweety!” He called, interrupting her “Can you come over here?” He gestured for her to get closer, and she frowned at him, suspicious of his behavior “I wanna talk to you” He added, making her sigh in surrender.

    You watched her making the way to Chan, attentive eyes glued on his figure as you tried to process what she had just said. So Chan and Y/N hooked up in the past? And they had sex?! You were kinda suspicious of them lately… You wouldn’t lie. The sheets all messed up in the morning? His comment on how she was like a beast? The way he inquired you about your feelings on that night? The way he held to the bulge incident? The way he spent over a week at her place?

    They had to have something going on…

    You clicked your tongue as you thought about it, furrowing your brows as she finally got to his side, being guided ─ and you didn’t fail to notice his hand on the small of her back ─ to somewhere more private. The thing that didn’t make any sense was that Chan was actually trying to help you out to get your feelings out of your chest… Why would he do that if he liked her? But again… Who said anything about liking? They could be just banging.

    “Wow” Minho said as soon as she left, looking at you and Paris “So the rumors are true? They’re together?” He arched his brows in awe. As soon as he arched his, you frowned yours, confused by his question. What rumors?

    “What are you talking about?” Paris asked, as lost as you.

    “Haven’t you guys heard about it? I’ve heard Chan has been visiting her at the library and there are even some rumors talking about how he spent the night at her dorm” He explained, trying to find any signs on both of you that confirmed those rumors “Chan is quite popular, so I guess people just tend to pay attention to it… He also called her sweety right now, didn’t he?” You scoffed, poking your cheek.

    “People talk too much” You reassured him “There is no way they’re dating… One of them would tell us” You looked into Minho’s eyes, shrugging “Never heard them fucking either” You added, shifting your gaze to Paris, looking for something that gave them away “So I guess those are just rumors…” You chuckled, trying to act nonchalantly.

    You weren’t so sure yourself though.

                                                       ////

Obviously I had to forget something LOL

Tag List: Guys, If you wish to get notifications to this fanfic, please go here

[demi-shoggoth]

2021 Reading Log, pt. 25

121. The Unnatural Order of the Three Eyed Skull’s Field Guide, Vol. 3by Andrew P. Barr. This appears to be the last planned volume, as the fictional Andrew Barr is dead within the realm of the book. Of course, posthumously discovered notes, or even spirit writings, are staples of the horror milieu @andrewbarrillustrator is working in, and I would be delighted to see his remaining Monsters by Mail collected into a fourth volume. The creatures this time around include a smattering of gill-men and one or two folkloric entities, but are almost entirely original. Many of the sighting dates are also from 2020, which gives a great imagination hook. While many people were keeping their heads down during the pandemic, stranger things were crawling out of the woodwork.

121a. Occult America by Mitch Horowitz. I gave up on this fifty pages in. Although its main thesis is interesting (magical studies are intertwined with American religious life, especially for the various new religions that originated in the states), it cannot stick to a single thread for long enough to follow it through. It jumps wildly around in time and space in each chapter, not going in any particular apparent order in presenting its ideas. It whitewashes the inherent racism of beliefs like the presence of a “superior civilization” predating the American Indians, or Madame Blatavsky’s white supremacy. And it paints the Public Universal Friend as female, and refers to them by their birth name, instead of respecting the genderless presentation that was a major part of their spiritual presence. I would love to read a good book on the influence of the Burned Over District and occultism in American history. But this isn’t it.

122. Space Atlas, Second Edition by James Trefil. This is a very handsome volume put together by the National Geographic Society, with global views of all of the planets, some of the dwarf planets and moons, maps of the night sky and the galaxy, and more. Each chapter is extensively illustrated with photos and artistic rendering, and there are multiple sidebars highlighting the lives and accomplishments of astronomers and cosmologists. The book does abandon the “atlas” format in the last third, talking about the life cycle of stars, the Big Bang, and string theory, among other concepts. The book begins with a lengthy foreword by Buzz Aldrin, discussing the Apollo program and his plans to build long term research stations on the Moon and Mars. It’s somewhat self-aggrandizing, but I figure if anyone deserves to be self-aggrandizing, it’s someone who walked on the Moon.

123. The Dictionary of Demons: Expanded and Revised by M. Belanger. This is a book that’s been on my radar for a while, and I finally managed to get myself a copy when the second edition was released in a reasonably priced paperback. It’s an A-Z guide to the names of demons, mostly obtained through grimoires, but also including biblical, apocryphal and a few demons obtained through witch trial records. There’s a lot of overlap between sources, and the cross-referencing isn’t perfect, but it’s pretty good. Appendices and the introduction explain ritual magic in general and the traditions of binding and extorting demons in particular, as well as summarize the zodiac, planetary and other themes of the demons within. Recommended for anyone interested in fiends, magical history or just getting a collection of weird names. Although, personally, I am fondest of the hosts of Hell that have names that are super mundane to modern ears. Poor Amy, Darek, Leonard and Zach…

124. The Sirens of Mars by Sarah Stewart Johnson. This is another “popular science as memoir” two-in-one book, although it’s heavier on the science and lighter on the memoir than say, The Book of Eels. And since this is the memoir of a professor who’s worked on three Mars rovers, the overlap between the two subtopics is pretty strong. Johnson covers the history of people’s obsession with the idea of life on Mars, and how that has been altered and expectations shifted over the course of the various scientific expeditions since the 1960s. Johnson is an excellent writer, and I would be curious to see if she writes another book for wide audiences—she has a knack for explaining sedimentation and mineralization processes in interesting, readable ways.

125. Drunk by Edward Slingerland. This book supposes to tell the story about how intoxication, and alcohol use particularly, is an adaptive trait to humans and a cornerstone of how our civilization works. It does not succeed especially well. Basically, it’s built on a house of cards—it supposes that human evolution both works in concrete, goal-oriented ways and very quickly. It also has a real issue with whether non-human animals are supposed to be genetic automata and we’re unique, or if studying non-human animals can give us insights into human psychology and neurochemistry. It feels like he’s trying to have it both ways. Some of the things it has to say about history and comparative religion are interesting, but the biological framework doesn’t stand up. It’s worth pointing out that of the glowing pull quotes on the back, none of them are from evolutionary biologists or animal behavior specialists. An entertaining read, but should be taken with more than a grain of salt.

[drsorrell]

Mon./Wed 3.13/15.23 (SVC, Core Writing)

Announcements & Reminders

Checkup: By now, you should have completed (as of Mon.):

all of the Chapter 1-8 readings in TSIS

all of the Chapter 21 and Chapter 20 readings in TSIS

Outlines #1 & 2 + Draft #1 + Final Paper #1 + Revision Memo #1

Chapter Tutorials 1-8

InQuizitives: “How to Use InQuizitive”, “Critical Reading Strategies”, “Elements of Argument”, “Incorporating Quotations”, “Punctuating Quotations”, “Paragraph Development”, “Thesis Statements”, “Sentence Fragments”, “Fused (Run-on) Sentences,” “Comma Splices”, “Subject-Verb Agreement Errors”, “Omitted Commas”. “Unnecessary Commas” 

Notes on TSIS, Ch. 8, “’AS A RESULT”: Connecting the Parts” (107-122)

Remind the reader of what you have already said. 

Hint at what you will say (forecasting).

All of this creates flow, meaning that your reader will get caught up and convinced. 

Transitions, pointing words, and repetition with a difference all help you to organize your ideas in your writing.

Transitions (list on 111-112)

also, in fact, and, indeed, besides, moreover, furthermore

so too, in addition, actually, to put it another way

by extension, to put it bluntly, in other words

to put it succinctly, in short, ultimately, that is

after all, for instance, as an illustration, specifically

consider, to take a case in point, for example

accordingly, so, as a result, then, consequently

therefore, hence, thus, since, along the same lines

likewise, in the same way, similarly, although

nevertheless, but, nonetheless, by contrast

on the contrary, conversely, on the other hand

despite, regardless, even though, whereas, however

while, in contrast, yet, admittedly, naturally

although it is true, of course, granted, to be sure

as a result, in sum, consequently, therefore

hence, thus, in conclusion, to sum up

in short, to summarize

Pointing Words: this, that, these, those, their, such

Repetition (with a difference): “…repeat yourself in varied and interesting enough ways...” (120).

***In-class Model Paragraph Review + Activity (Google Doc link)***

Homework

By 11:59 pm Wed.: Complete the following InQuzitive by the end of the day: “Apostrophe Errors.”

For Friday: Submit Draft #1 of Paper #2 (900 words) and complete the Self-Revision Activity: Click the link or see Schoology for instructions. There will be one assignment for submitting the draft in Schoology and another for submitting the Self-Revision activity.

[alarryteachercomp2]

Guidelines for Writing Syntheses

Consider your purpose in writing. What are you trying to accomplish in your paper? How will this purpose shape the way you approach your sources?

Select and carefully read your sources according to your purpose. Then reread the passages, mentally summarizing each. Identify those aspects or parts of your sources that will help you fulfill your purpose. When rereading, label or underline the sources’ main ideas, key terms, and any details you want to use in the synthesis.

Take notes on your reading. In addition to labeling or underlining key points in the readings, you might write brief one- or two-sentence summaries of each source. This will help you in formulating your thesis statement and in choosing and organizing your sources later.

Formulate a thesis.Your thesis is the main idea that you want to present in your synthesis. It should be expressed as a complete sentence. You might do some predrafting about the ideas discussed in the readings in order to help you work out a thesis. If you’ve written one-sentence summaries of the readings, looking over the summaries will help you to brainstorm connections between readings and to devise a thesis.When you write your synthesis drafts, you will need to consider where your thesis fits in your paper. Sometimes the thesis is the first sentence, but more often it is the final sentence of the first paragraph. If you are writing an inductively arranged synthesis (see Chapter 5), the thesis sentence may not appear until the final paragraphs.

Decide how you will use your source material. How will the information and the ideas in the passages help you fulfill your purpose?

Develop an organizational plan, according to your thesis. How will you arrange your material? It is not necessary to prepare a formal outline, but you should have some plan that will indicate the order in which you will present your material and the relationships among your sources.

Draft the topic sentences for the main sections. This is an optional step, but you may find it a helpful transition from organizational plan to first draft.

Write the first draft of your synthesis, following your organizational plan. Be flexible with your plan, however. Frequently, you will use an outline to get started. As you write, you may discover new ideas and make room for them by adjusting the outline. When this happens, reread your work frequently, making sure that your thesis still accounts for what follows and that what follows still logically supports your thesis.

Document your sources. You must do this by crediting sources within the body of the synthesis—citing the author’s last name and the page number from which the point was taken—and then providing full citation information in a list of Works Cited at the end. Don’t open yourself to charges of plagiarism! (See Chapter 1.)

Revise your synthesis, inserting transitional words and phrases where necessary. Make sure that the synthesis reads smoothly, logically, and clearly from beginning to end. Check for grammatical correctness, punctuation, and spelling.

[dewwater2]

How to structure a nursing dissertation

A nursing dissertation or thesis is a long piece of academic writing based on original research, submitted as part of a doctoral, master’s, or bachelor’s degree. Your dissertation is probably the longest piece of writing you’ve ever done, and it can be intimidating to know where to start. This article helps you work out exactly what you should include and where to include it. You can also download our full dissertation template in .docx or Google Docs format. The template includes a ready-made table of contents with notes on what to include in each chapter. You can adapt it to your own requirements. Table of contents  Deciding on your nursing dissertation structure  Title page  Acknowledgements  Abstract  Table of contents  List of figures and tables  List of abbreviations  Glossary  Introduction  Literature review / Theoretical framework  Methodology  Results  Discussion  Conclusion  Reference list  Appendices  Editing and proofreading Deciding on your dissertation’s structure Not all nursing dissertations are structured exactly the same – the form your research takes will depend on your location, discipline, topic and approach. For example, dissertations in the humanities are often structured more like a long nursing essay, building an overall argument to support a central thesis, with chapters organized around different themes or case studies. But if you’re doing empirical research in the sciences or social sciences, your dissertation should generally contain all of the following elements. In many cases, each will be a separate chapter, but sometimes you might combine them. For example, in certain kinds of qualitative social science, the results and discussion will be woven together rather than separated. The order of sections can also vary between fields and countries. For example, some universities advise that the conclusion should always come before the discussion. If in doubt about how your thesis or dissertation should be structured, always check your department’s guidelines and consult with your supervisor. Title page The very first page of your document contains your dissertation’s title, your name, department, institution, nursing degree program, and submission date. Sometimes it also includes your student number, your supervisor’s name, and the university’s logo. Many programs have strict requirements for formatting the dissertation title page. Acknowledgements The acknowledgements section is usually optional, and gives space for you to thank everyone who helped you in writing your dissertation. This might include your supervisors, participants in your research, and friends or family who supported you. Abstract The abstract is a short summary of your dissertation, usually about 150–300 words nursing essays. You should write it at the very end, when you’ve completed the rest of the dissertation. In the abstract, make sure to:  State the main topic and aims of your research  Describe the methods you used  Summarize the main results  State your conclusions Although the abstract is very short, it’s the first part (and sometimes the only part) of your dissertation that people will read, so it’s important that you get it right. If you’re struggling to write a strong abstract, read our guide on how to write an abstract. Table of contents In the table of contents, list all of your chapters and subheadings and their page numbers. The dissertation contents page gives the reader an overview of your structure and helps easily navigate the document. All parts of your dissertation should be included in the table of contents, including the appendices. You can generate a table of contents automatically in Word if you used heading styles. List of figures and tables If you have used a lot of tables and figures in your dissertation, you should itemize them in a numbered list. You can automatically generate this list using the Insert Caption feature in Word. List of abbreviations If you have used a lot of abbreviations in your dissertation, you can include them in an alphabetized list of abbreviations so that the reader can easily look up their meanings. Glossary If you have used a lot of highly specialized terms that will not be familiar to your reader, it might be a good idea to include a glossary. List the terms alphabetically and explain each term with a brief description or definition. Introduction In the introduction, you set up your dissertation’s topic, purpose, and relevance, and tell the reader what to expect in the rest of the dissertation. The introduction should:  Establish your research topic, giving necessary background information to contextualize your work  Narrow down the focus and define the scope of the research  Discuss the state of existing research on the topic, showing your work’s relevance to a broader problem or debate  Clearly state your research questions and objectives  Give an overview of your dissertation’s structure Everything in the introduction should be clear, engaging, and relevant to your research. By the end, the reader should understand the what, why and how of your research. If you need more help, read our guide on how to write a dissertation introduction. Literature review / Theoretical framework Before you start on your research, you should have conducted a literature review to gain a thorough understanding of the academic work that already exists on your topic. This means:  Collecting sources (e.g. books and journal articles) and selecting the most relevant ones  Critically evaluating and analyzing each source  Drawing connections between them (e.g. themes, patterns, conflicts, gaps) to make an overall point In the dissertation literature review chapter or section, you shouldn’t just summarize existing studies, but develop a coherent structure and argument that leads to a clear basis or justification for your own research. For example, it might aim to show how your research:  Addresses a gap in the literature  Takes a new theoretical or methodological approach to the topic  Proposes a solution to an unresolved problem  Advances a theoretical debate  Builds on and strengthens existing knowledge with new data The literature review often becomes the basis for a theoretical framework, in which you define and analyze the key theories, concepts and models that frame your research. In this section you can answer descriptive research questions about the relationship between concepts or variables. Methodology The methodology chapter or section describes how you conducted your research, allowing your reader to assess its validity. You should generally include:  The overall approach and type of research (e.g. qualitative, quantitative, experimental, ethnographic)  Your methods of collecting data (e.g. interviews, surveys, archives)  Details of where, when, and with whom the research took place  Your methods of analyzing data (e.g. statistical analysis, discourse analysis)  Tools and materials you used (e.g. computer programs, lab equipment)  A discussion of any obstacles you faced in conducting the research and how you overcame them  An evaluation or justification of your methods Your aim in the methodology is to accurately report what you did, as well as convincing the reader that this was the best approach to answering your research questions or objectives. nursing school , you report the results of your research. You can structure this section around sub-questions, hypotheses, or themes. In some disciplines, the results section is strictly separated from the discussion, while in others the two are combined. For example, in qualitative methods like ethnography, the presentation of the data will often be woven together with discussion and analysis. However, in quantitative and experimental research, the results should be presented separately before you discuss their meaning:  Concisely state each relevant result, including relevant descriptive statistics (e.g. means, standard deviations) and inferential statistics (e.g. test statistics, p-values).  Briefly state how the result relates to the question or whether the hypothesis was supported.  Include tables and figures if they help the reader understand your results.  Report all results that are relevant to your research questions, including any that did not meet your expectations.  Don’t include subjective interpretations or speculation. Additional data (including raw numbers, full questionnaires, or interview transcripts) can be included as an appendix. Discussion The discussion is where you explore the meaning and implications of your results in relation to your research questions. Here you should interpret the results in detail, discussing whether they met your expectations and how well they fit with the framework that you built in earlier chapters.  Give your interpretations: what do the results mean?  Explore the implications: why do the results matter?  Acknowledge the limitations: what can’t the results tell us? If any of the results were unexpected, offer explanations for why this might be. It’s a good idea to consider alternative interpretations of your data. The discussion should refer back to relevant sources to show how your results fit with existing knowledge. Conclusion The dissertation conclusion should concisely answer the main research question, leaving the reader with a clear understanding of your central argument and emphasizing what your research has contributed. In some academic conventions, the conclusion refers to a short section that comes before the discussion: first you directly state your overall conclusions, then you discuss and interpret their meaning. In other contexts, however, the conclusion refers to the final chapter, where you wrap up your dissertation with a final reflection on what you found. This type of conclusion often also includes recommendations for future research or practice. In this chapter, it’s important to leave the reader with a clear impression of why your research matters. What have you added to what was already known? Reference list You must include full details of all sources that you have cited in a reference list (sometimes also called a works cited list or bibliography). It’s important to follow a consistent citation style. Each style has strict and specific requirements for how to format your sources in the reference list. Common styles include APA and MLA, but your program will often specify which citation style you should use – make sure to check the requirements, and ask your supervisor if you’re unsure. To save time creating the reference list and make sure your citations are correctly and consistently formatted, you can use the Scribbr Citation Generator. Appendices Your dissertation itself should contain only essential information that directly contributes to answering your research question. Documents you have used that do not fit into the main body of your dissertation (such as interview transcripts, survey questions or tables with full figures) can be added as appendices. Editing and proofreading Making sure all the sections are in the right place is only the first step to a well-written dissertation. Leave plenty of time for editing and proofreading. Grammar mistakes and sloppy formatting errors can drag down the quality of your hard work. You should plan to write and revise several drafts of your thesis or dissertation before focusing on language mistakes, typos and inconsistencies.

[niecesex3]

How to structure a nursing dissertation

A nursing dissertation or thesis is a long piece of academic writing based on original research, submitted as part of a doctoral, master’s, or bachelor’s degree. Your dissertation is probably the longest piece of writing you’ve ever done, and it can be intimidating to know where to start. This article helps you work out exactly what you should include and where to include it. You can also download our full dissertation template in .docx or Google Docs format. The template includes a ready-made table of contents with notes on what to include in each chapter. You can adapt it to your own requirements. Table of contents  Deciding on your nursing dissertation structure  Title page  Acknowledgements  Abstract  Table of contents  List of figures and tables  List of abbreviations  Glossary  Introduction  Literature review / Theoretical framework  Methodology  Results  Discussion  Conclusion  Reference list  Appendices  Editing and proofreading Deciding on your dissertation’s structure Not all nursing dissertations are structured exactly the same – the form your research takes will depend on your location, discipline, topic and approach. For example, dissertations in the humanities are often structured more like a long nursing essay, building an overall argument to support a central thesis, with chapters organized around different themes or case studies. But if you’re doing empirical research in the sciences or social sciences, your dissertation should generally contain all of the following elements. In many cases, each will be a separate chapter, but sometimes you might combine them. For example, in certain kinds of qualitative social science, the results and discussion will be woven together rather than separated. The order of sections can also vary between fields and countries. For example, some universities advise that the conclusion should always come before the discussion. If in doubt about how your thesis or dissertation should be structured, always check your department’s guidelines and consult with your supervisor. Title page The very first page of your document contains your dissertation’s title, your name, department, institution, nursing degree program, and submission date. Sometimes it also includes your student number, your supervisor’s name, and the university’s logo. Many programs have strict requirements for formatting the dissertation title page. Acknowledgements The acknowledgements section is usually optional, and gives space for you to thank everyone who helped you in writing your dissertation. This might include your supervisors, participants in your research, and friends or family who supported you. Abstract The abstract is a short summary of your dissertation, usually about 150–300 words nursing essays. You should write it at the very end, when you’ve completed the rest of the dissertation. In the abstract, make sure to:  State the main topic and aims of your research  Describe the methods you used  Summarize the main results  State your conclusions Although the abstract is very short, it’s the first part (and sometimes the only part) of your dissertation that people will read, so it’s important that you get it right. If you’re struggling to write a strong abstract, read our guide on how to write an abstract. Table of contents In the table of contents, list all of your chapters and subheadings and their page numbers. The dissertation contents page gives the reader an overview of your structure and helps easily navigate the document. All parts of your dissertation should be included in the table of contents, including the appendices. You can generate a table of contents automatically in Word if you used heading styles. List of figures and tables If you have used a lot of tables and figures in your dissertation, you should itemize them in a numbered list. You can automatically generate this list using the Insert Caption feature in Word. List of abbreviations If you have used a lot of abbreviations in your dissertation, you can include them in an alphabetized list of abbreviations so that the reader can easily look up their meanings. Glossary If you have used a lot of highly specialized terms that will not be familiar to your reader, it might be a good idea to include a glossary. List the terms alphabetically and explain each term with a brief description or definition. Introduction In the introduction, you set up your dissertation’s topic, purpose, and relevance, and tell the reader what to expect in the rest of the dissertation. The introduction should:  Establish your research topic, giving necessary background information to contextualize your work  Narrow down the focus and define the scope of the research  Discuss the state of existing research on the topic, showing your work’s relevance to a broader problem or debate  Clearly state your research questions and objectives  Give an overview of your dissertation’s structure Everything in the introduction should be clear, engaging, and relevant to your research. By the end, the reader should understand the what, why and how of your research. If you need more help, read our guide on how to write a dissertation introduction. Literature review / Theoretical framework Before you start on your research, you should have conducted a literature review to gain a thorough understanding of the academic work that already exists on your topic. This means:  Collecting sources (e.g. books and journal articles) and selecting the most relevant ones  Critically evaluating and analyzing each source  Drawing connections between them (e.g. themes, patterns, conflicts, gaps) to make an overall point In the dissertation literature review chapter or section, you shouldn’t just summarize existing studies, but develop a coherent structure and argument that leads to a clear basis or justification for your own research. For example, it might aim to show how your research:  Addresses a gap in the literature  Takes a new theoretical or methodological approach to the topic  Proposes a solution to an unresolved problem  Advances a theoretical debate  Builds on and strengthens existing knowledge with new data The literature review often becomes the basis for a theoretical framework, in which you define and analyze the key theories, concepts and models that frame your research. In this section you can answer descriptive research questions about the relationship between concepts or variables. Methodology The methodology chapter or section describes how you conducted your research, allowing your reader to assess its validity. You should generally include:  The overall approach and type of research (e.g. qualitative, quantitative, experimental, ethnographic)  Your methods of collecting data (e.g. interviews, surveys, archives)  Details of where, when, and with whom the research took place  Your methods of analyzing data (e.g. statistical analysis, discourse analysis)  Tools and materials you used (e.g. computer programs, lab equipment)  A discussion of any obstacles you faced in conducting the research and how you overcame them  An evaluation or justification of your methods Your aim in the methodology is to accurately report what you did, as well as convincing the reader that this was the best approach to answering your research questions or objectives. Results Next, you report the results of your research. You can structure this section around sub-questions, hypotheses, or themes. In some disciplines, the results section is strictly separated from the discussion, while in others the two are combined. For example, in qualitative methods like ethnography, the presentation of the data will often be woven together with discussion and analysis. However, in quantitative and experimental research, the results should be presented separately before you discuss their meaning:  Concisely state each relevant result, including relevant descriptive statistics (e.g. means, standard deviations) and inferential statistics (e.g. test statistics, p-values).  Briefly state how the result relates to the question or whether the hypothesis was supported.  Include tables and figures if they help the reader understand your results.  Report all results that are relevant to your research questions, including any that did not meet your expectations.  Don’t include subjective interpretations or speculation. Additional data (including raw numbers, full questionnaires, or interview transcripts) can be included as an appendix. Discussion The discussion is where you explore the meaning and implications of your results in relation to your research questions. Here you should interpret the results in detail, discussing whether they met your expectations and how well they fit with the framework that you built in earlier chapters.  Give your interpretations: what do the results mean?  Explore the implications: why do the results matter?  Acknowledge the limitations: what can’t the results tell us? If any of the results were unexpected, offer explanations for why this might be. It’s a good idea to consider alternative interpretations of your data. The discussion should refer back to relevant sources to show how your results fit with existing knowledge. Conclusion The dissertation conclusion should concisely answer the main research question, leaving the reader with a clear understanding of your central argument and emphasizing what your research has contributed. In some academic conventions, the conclusion refers to a short section that comes before the discussion: first you directly state your overall conclusions, then you discuss and interpret their meaning. In other contexts, however, the conclusion refers to the final chapter, where you wrap up your dissertation with a final reflection on what you found. This type of conclusion often also includes recommendations for future research or practice. In this chapter, it’s important to leave the reader with a clear impression of why your research matters. What have you added to what was already known? Reference list You must include full details of all sources that you have cited in a reference list (sometimes also called a works cited list or bibliography). It’s important to follow a consistent citation style. Each style has strict and specific requirements for how to format your sources in the reference list. Common styles include APA and MLA, but your program will often specify which citation style you should use – make sure to check the requirements, and ask your supervisor if you’re unsure. To save time creating the reference list and make sure your citations are correctly and consistently formatted, you can use the Scribbr Citation Generator. Appendices Your dissertation itself should contain only essential information that directly contributes to answering your research question. Documents you have used that do not fit into the main body of your dissertation (such as interview transcripts, survey questions or tables with full figures) can be added as appendices. Editing and proofreading Making sure all the sections are in the right place is only the first step to a well-written dissertation. Leave plenty of time for editing and proofreading. Grammar mistakes and sloppy formatting errors can drag down the quality of your hard work. You should plan to write and revise several drafts of your thesis or dissertation before focusing on language mistakes, typos and inconsistencies.

[frogseason8]

How to structure a nursing dissertation

A nursing dissertation or thesis is a long piece of academic writing based on original research, submitted as part of a doctoral, master’s, or bachelor’s degree. Your dissertation is probably the longest piece of writing you’ve ever done, and it can be intimidating to know where to start. This article helps you work out exactly what you should include and where to include it. You can also download our full dissertation template in .docx or Google Docs format. The template includes a ready-made table of contents with notes on what to include in each chapter. You can adapt it to your own requirements. Table of contents  Deciding on your nursing dissertation structure  Title page  Acknowledgements  Abstract  Table of contents  List of figures and tables  List of abbreviations  Glossary  Introduction  Literature review / Theoretical framework  Methodology  Results  Discussion  Conclusion  Reference list  Appendices  Editing and proofreading Deciding on your dissertation’s structure Not all nursing dissertations are structured exactly the same – the form your research takes will depend on your location, discipline, topic and approach. For example, dissertations in the humanities are often structured more like a long nursing essay, building an overall argument to support a central thesis, with chapters organized around different themes or case studies. But if you’re doing empirical research in the sciences or social sciences, your dissertation should generally contain all of the following elements. In many cases, each will be a separate chapter, but sometimes you might combine them. For example, in certain kinds of qualitative social science, the results and discussion will be woven together rather than separated. The order of sections can also vary between fields and countries. For example, some universities advise that the conclusion should always come before the discussion. If in doubt about how your thesis or dissertation should be structured, always check your department’s guidelines and consult with your supervisor. Title page The very first page of your document contains your dissertation’s title, your name, department, institution, nursing degree program, and submission date. Sometimes it also includes your student number, your supervisor’s name, and the university’s logo. Many programs have strict requirements for formatting the dissertation title page. Acknowledgements The acknowledgements section is usually optional, and gives space for you to thank everyone who helped you in writing your dissertation. This might include your supervisors, participants in your research, and friends or family who supported you. Abstract The abstract is a short summary of your dissertation, usually about 150–300 words nursing essays . You should write it at the very end, when you’ve completed the rest of the dissertation. In the abstract, make sure to:  State the main topic and aims of your research  Describe the methods you used  Summarize the main results  State your conclusions Although the abstract is very short, it’s the first part (and sometimes the only part) of your dissertation that people will read, so it’s important that you get it right. If you’re struggling to write a strong abstract, read our guide on how to write an abstract. Table of contents In the table of contents, list all of your chapters and subheadings and their page numbers. The dissertation contents page gives the reader an overview of your structure and helps easily navigate the document. All parts of your dissertation should be included in the table of contents, including the appendices. You can generate a table of contents automatically in Word if you used heading styles. List of figures and tables If you have used a lot of tables and figures in your dissertation, you should itemize them in a numbered list. You can automatically generate this list using the Insert Caption feature in Word. List of abbreviations If you have used a lot of abbreviations in your dissertation, you can include them in an alphabetized list of abbreviations so that the reader can easily look up their meanings. Glossary If you have used a lot of highly specialized terms that will not be familiar to your reader, it might be a good idea to include a glossary. List the terms alphabetically and explain each term with a brief description or definition. Introduction In the introduction, you set up your dissertation’s topic, purpose, and relevance, and tell the reader what to expect in the rest of the dissertation. The introduction should:  Establish your research topic, giving necessary background information to contextualize your work  Narrow down the focus and define the scope of the research  Discuss the state of existing research on the topic, showing your work’s relevance to a broader problem or debate  Clearly state your research questions and objectives  Give an overview of your dissertation’s structure Everything in the introduction should be clear, engaging, and relevant to your research. By the end, the reader should understand the what, why and how of your research. If you need more help, read our guide on how to write a dissertation introduction. Literature review / Theoretical framework Before you start on your research, you should have conducted a literature review to gain a thorough understanding of the academic work that already exists on your topic. This means:  Collecting sources (e.g. books and journal articles) and selecting the most relevant ones  Critically evaluating and analyzing each source  Drawing connections between them (e.g. themes, patterns, conflicts, gaps) to make an overall point In the dissertation literature review chapter or section, you shouldn’t just summarize existing studies, but develop a coherent structure and argument that leads to a clear basis or justification for your own research. For example, it might aim to show how your research:  Addresses a gap in the literature  Takes a new theoretical or methodological approach to the topic  Proposes a solution to an unresolved problem  Advances a theoretical debate  Builds on and strengthens existing knowledge with new data The literature review often becomes the basis for a theoretical framework, in which you define and analyze the key theories, concepts and models that frame your research. In this section you can answer descriptive research questions about the relationship between concepts or variables. Methodology The methodology chapter or section describes how you conducted your research, allowing your reader to assess its validity. nursing school should generally include:  The overall approach and type of research (e.g. qualitative, quantitative, experimental, ethnographic)  Your methods of collecting data (e.g. interviews, surveys, archives)  Details of where, when, and with whom the research took place  Your methods of analyzing data (e.g. statistical analysis, discourse analysis)  Tools and materials you used (e.g. computer programs, lab equipment)  A discussion of any obstacles you faced in conducting the research and how you overcame them  An evaluation or justification of your methods Your aim in the methodology is to accurately report what you did, as well as convincing the reader that this was the best approach to answering your research questions or objectives. Results Next, you report the results of your research. You can structure this section around sub-questions, hypotheses, or themes. In some disciplines, the results section is strictly separated from the discussion, while in others the two are combined. For example, in qualitative methods like ethnography, the presentation of the data will often be woven together with discussion and analysis. However, in quantitative and experimental research, the results should be presented separately before you discuss their meaning:  Concisely state each relevant result, including relevant descriptive statistics (e.g. means, standard deviations) and inferential statistics (e.g. test statistics, p-values).  Briefly state how the result relates to the question or whether the hypothesis was supported.  Include tables and figures if they help the reader understand your results.  Report all results that are relevant to your research questions, including any that did not meet your expectations.  Don’t include subjective interpretations or speculation. Additional data (including raw numbers, full questionnaires, or interview transcripts) can be included as an appendix. Discussion The discussion is where you explore the meaning and implications of your results in relation to your research questions. Here you should interpret the results in detail, discussing whether they met your expectations and how well they fit with the framework that you built in earlier chapters.  Give your interpretations: what do the results mean?  Explore the implications: why do the results matter?  Acknowledge the limitations: what can’t the results tell us? If any of the results were unexpected, offer explanations for why this might be. It’s a good idea to consider alternative interpretations of your data. The discussion should refer back to relevant sources to show how your results fit with existing knowledge. Conclusion The dissertation conclusion should concisely answer the main research question, leaving the reader with a clear understanding of your central argument and emphasizing what your research has contributed. In some academic conventions, the conclusion refers to a short section that comes before the discussion: first you directly state your overall conclusions, then you discuss and interpret their meaning. In other contexts, however, the conclusion refers to the final chapter, where you wrap up your dissertation with a final reflection on what you found. This type of conclusion often also includes recommendations for future research or practice. In this chapter, it’s important to leave the reader with a clear impression of why your research matters. What have you added to what was already known? Reference list You must include full details of all sources that you have cited in a reference list (sometimes also called a works cited list or bibliography). It’s important to follow a consistent citation style. Each style has strict and specific requirements for how to format your sources in the reference list. Common styles include APA and MLA, but your program will often specify which citation style you should use – make sure to check the requirements, and ask your supervisor if you’re unsure. To save time creating the reference list and make sure your citations are correctly and consistently formatted, you can use the Scribbr Citation Generator. Appendices Your dissertation itself should contain only essential information that directly contributes to answering your research question. Documents you have used that do not fit into the main body of your dissertation (such as interview transcripts, survey questions or tables with full figures) can be added as appendices. Editing and proofreading Making sure all the sections are in the right place is only the first step to a well-written dissertation. Leave plenty of time for editing and proofreading. Grammar mistakes and sloppy formatting errors can drag down the quality of your hard work. You should plan to write and revise several drafts of your thesis or dissertation before focusing on language mistakes, typos and inconsistencies.

[toastsense1]

How to structure a nursing dissertation

A nursing dissertation or thesis is a long piece of academic writing based on original research, submitted as part of a doctoral, master’s, or bachelor’s degree. Your dissertation is probably the longest piece of writing you’ve ever done, and it can be intimidating to know where to start. This article helps you work out exactly what you should include and where to include it. You can also download our full dissertation template in .docx or Google Docs format. The template includes a ready-made table of contents with notes on what to include in each chapter. You can adapt it to your own requirements. Table of contents  Deciding on your nursing dissertation structure  Title page  Acknowledgements  Abstract  Table of contents  List of figures and tables  List of abbreviations  Glossary  Introduction  Literature review / Theoretical framework  Methodology  Results  Discussion  Conclusion  Reference list  Appendices  Editing and proofreading Deciding on your dissertation’s structure Not all nursing dissertations are structured exactly the same – the form your research takes will depend on your location, discipline, topic and approach. For example, dissertations in the humanities are often structured more like a long nursing essay, building an overall argument to support a central thesis, with chapters organized around different themes or case studies. But if you’re doing empirical research in the sciences or social sciences, your dissertation should generally contain all of the following elements. In many cases, each will be a separate chapter, but sometimes you might combine them. For example, in certain kinds of qualitative social science, the results and discussion will be woven together rather than separated. The order of sections can also vary between fields and countries. For example, some universities advise that the conclusion should always come before the discussion. If in doubt about how your thesis or dissertation should be structured, always check your department’s guidelines and consult with your supervisor. Title page The very first page of your document contains your dissertation’s title, your name, department, institution, nursing degree program, and submission date. Sometimes it also includes your student number, your supervisor’s name, and the university’s logo. Many programs have strict requirements for formatting the dissertation title page. Acknowledgements The acknowledgements section is usually optional, and gives space for you to thank everyone who helped you in writing your dissertation. This might include your supervisors, participants in your research, and friends or family who supported you. Abstract The abstract is a short summary of your dissertation, usually about 150–300 words nursing essays. You should write it at the very end, when you’ve completed the rest of the dissertation. In the abstract, make sure to:  State the main topic and aims of your research  Describe the methods you used  Summarize the main results  State your conclusions Although the abstract is very short, it’s the first part (and sometimes the only part) of your dissertation that people will read, so it’s important that you get it right. If you’re struggling to write a strong abstract, read our guide on how to write an abstract. Table of contents In the table of contents, list all of your chapters and subheadings and their page numbers. The dissertation contents page gives the reader an overview of your structure and helps easily navigate the document. All parts of your dissertation should be included in the table of contents, including the appendices. You can generate a table of contents automatically in Word if you used heading styles. List of figures and tables If you have used a lot of tables and figures in your dissertation, you should itemize them in a numbered list. You can automatically generate this list using the Insert Caption feature in Word. List of abbreviations If you have used a lot of abbreviations in your dissertation, you can include them in an alphabetized list of abbreviations so that the reader can easily look up their meanings. Glossary If you have used a lot of highly specialized terms that will not be familiar to your reader, it might be a good idea to include a glossary. List the terms alphabetically and explain each term with a brief description or definition. Introduction In the introduction, you set up your dissertation’s topic, purpose, and relevance, and tell the reader what to expect in the rest of the dissertation. The introduction should:  Establish your research topic, giving necessary background information to contextualize your work  Narrow down the focus and define the scope of the research  Discuss the state of existing research on the topic, showing your work’s relevance to a broader problem or debate  Clearly state your research questions and objectives  Give an overview of your dissertation’s structure Everything in the introduction should be clear, engaging, and relevant to your research. By the end, the reader should understand the what, why and how of your research. If you need more help, read our guide on how to write a dissertation introduction. Literature review / Theoretical framework Before you start on your research, you should have conducted a literature review to gain a thorough understanding of the academic work that already exists on your topic. This means:  Collecting sources (e.g. books and journal articles) and selecting the most relevant ones  Critically evaluating and analyzing each source  Drawing connections between them (e.g. themes, patterns, conflicts, gaps) to make an overall point In the dissertation literature review chapter or section, you shouldn’t just summarize existing studies, but develop a coherent structure and argument that leads to a clear basis or justification for your own research. For example, it might aim to show how your research:  Addresses a gap in the literature  Takes a new theoretical or methodological approach to the topic  Proposes a solution to an unresolved problem  Advances a theoretical debate  Builds on and strengthens existing knowledge with new data The literature review often becomes the basis for a theoretical framework, in which you define and analyze the key theories, concepts and models that frame your research. In this section you can answer descriptive research questions about the relationship between concepts or variables. Methodology The methodology chapter or section describes how you conducted your research, allowing your reader to assess its validity. nursing school should generally include:  The overall approach and type of research (e.g. qualitative, quantitative, experimental, ethnographic)  Your methods of collecting data (e.g. interviews, surveys, archives)  Details of where, when, and with whom the research took place  Your methods of analyzing data (e.g. statistical analysis, discourse analysis)  Tools and materials you used (e.g. computer programs, lab equipment)  A discussion of any obstacles you faced in conducting the research and how you overcame them  An evaluation or justification of your methods Your aim in the methodology is to accurately report what you did, as well as convincing the reader that this was the best approach to answering your research questions or objectives. Results Next, you report the results of your research. You can structure this section around sub-questions, hypotheses, or themes. In some disciplines, the results section is strictly separated from the discussion, while in others the two are combined. For example, in qualitative methods like ethnography, the presentation of the data will often be woven together with discussion and analysis. However, in quantitative and experimental research, the results should be presented separately before you discuss their meaning:  Concisely state each relevant result, including relevant descriptive statistics (e.g. means, standard deviations) and inferential statistics (e.g. test statistics, p-values).  Briefly state how the result relates to the question or whether the hypothesis was supported.  Include tables and figures if they help the reader understand your results.  Report all results that are relevant to your research questions, including any that did not meet your expectations.  Don’t include subjective interpretations or speculation. Additional data (including raw numbers, full questionnaires, or interview transcripts) can be included as an appendix. Discussion The discussion is where you explore the meaning and implications of your results in relation to your research questions. Here you should interpret the results in detail, discussing whether they met your expectations and how well they fit with the framework that you built in earlier chapters.  Give your interpretations: what do the results mean?  Explore the implications: why do the results matter?  Acknowledge the limitations: what can’t the results tell us? If any of the results were unexpected, offer explanations for why this might be. It’s a good idea to consider alternative interpretations of your data. The discussion should refer back to relevant sources to show how your results fit with existing knowledge. Conclusion The dissertation conclusion should concisely answer the main research question, leaving the reader with a clear understanding of your central argument and emphasizing what your research has contributed. In some academic conventions, the conclusion refers to a short section that comes before the discussion: first you directly state your overall conclusions, then you discuss and interpret their meaning. In other contexts, however, the conclusion refers to the final chapter, where you wrap up your dissertation with a final reflection on what you found. This type of conclusion often also includes recommendations for future research or practice. In this chapter, it’s important to leave the reader with a clear impression of why your research matters. What have you added to what was already known? Reference list You must include full details of all sources that you have cited in a reference list (sometimes also called a works cited list or bibliography). It’s important to follow a consistent citation style. Each style has strict and specific requirements for how to format your sources in the reference list. Common styles include APA and MLA, but your program will often specify which citation style you should use – make sure to check the requirements, and ask your supervisor if you’re unsure. To save time creating the reference list and make sure your citations are correctly and consistently formatted, you can use the Scribbr Citation Generator. Appendices Your dissertation itself should contain only essential information that directly contributes to answering your research question. Documents you have used that do not fit into the main body of your dissertation (such as interview transcripts, survey questions or tables with full figures) can be added as appendices. Editing and proofreading Making sure all the sections are in the right place is only the first step to a well-written dissertation. Leave plenty of time for editing and proofreading. Grammar mistakes and sloppy formatting errors can drag down the quality of your hard work. You should plan to write and revise several drafts of your thesis or dissertation before focusing on language mistakes, typos and inconsistencies.

[robertvoyage5]

How to structure a nursing dissertation

A nursing dissertation or thesis is a long piece of academic writing based on original research, submitted as part of a doctoral, master’s, or bachelor’s degree. Your dissertation is probably the longest piece of writing you’ve ever done, and it can be intimidating to know where to start. This article helps you work out exactly what you should include and where to include it. You can also download our full dissertation template in .docx or Google Docs format. The template includes a ready-made table of contents with notes on what to include in each chapter. You can adapt it to your own requirements. Table of contents  Deciding on your nursing dissertation structure  Title page  Acknowledgements  Abstract  Table of contents  List of figures and tables  List of abbreviations  Glossary  Introduction  Literature review / Theoretical framework  Methodology  Results  Discussion  Conclusion  Reference list  Appendices  Editing and proofreading Deciding on your dissertation’s structure Not all nursing dissertations are structured exactly the same – the form your research takes will depend on your location, discipline, topic and approach. For example, dissertations in the humanities are often structured more like a long nursing essay, building an overall argument to support a central thesis, with chapters organized around different themes or case studies. But if you’re doing empirical research in the sciences or social sciences, your dissertation should generally contain all of the following elements. In many cases, each will be a separate chapter, but sometimes you might combine them. For example, in certain kinds of qualitative social science, the results and discussion will be woven together rather than separated. The order of sections can also vary between fields and countries. For example, some universities advise that the conclusion should always come before the discussion. If in doubt about how your thesis or dissertation should be structured, always check your department’s guidelines and consult with your supervisor. Title page The very first page of your document contains your dissertation’s title, your name, department, institution, nursing degree program, and submission date. Sometimes it also includes your student number, your supervisor’s name, and the university’s logo. Many programs have strict requirements for formatting the dissertation title page. Acknowledgements The acknowledgements section is usually optional, and gives space for you to thank everyone who helped you in writing your dissertation. This might include your supervisors, participants in your research, and friends or family who supported you. Abstract The abstract is a short summary of your dissertation, usually about 150–300 words nursing essays . You should write it at the very end, when you’ve completed the rest of the dissertation. In the abstract, make sure to:  State the main topic and aims of your research  Describe the methods you used  Summarize the main results  State your conclusions Although the abstract is very short, it’s the first part (and sometimes the only part) of your dissertation that people will read, so it’s important that you get it right. If you’re struggling to write a strong abstract, read our guide on how to write an abstract. Table of contents In the table of contents, list all of your chapters and subheadings and their page numbers. The dissertation contents page gives the reader an overview of your structure and helps easily navigate the document. All parts of your dissertation should be included in the table of contents, including the appendices. You can generate a table of contents automatically in Word if you used heading styles. List of figures and tables If you have used a lot of tables and figures in your dissertation, you should itemize them in a numbered list. You can automatically generate this list using the Insert Caption feature in Word. List of abbreviations If you have used a lot of abbreviations in your dissertation, you can include them in an alphabetized list of abbreviations so that the reader can easily look up their meanings. Glossary If you have used a lot of highly specialized terms that will not be familiar to your reader, it might be a good idea to include a glossary. List the terms alphabetically and explain each term with a brief description or definition. Introduction In the introduction, you set up your dissertation’s topic, purpose, and relevance, and tell the reader what to expect in the rest of the dissertation. The introduction should:  Establish your research topic, giving necessary background information to contextualize your work  Narrow down the focus and define the scope of the research  Discuss the state of existing research on the topic, showing your work’s relevance to a broader problem or debate  Clearly state your research questions and objectives  Give an overview of your dissertation’s structure Everything in the introduction should be clear, engaging, and relevant to your research. By the end, the reader should understand the what, why and how of your research. If you need more help, read our guide on how to write a dissertation introduction. Literature review / Theoretical framework Before you start on your research, you should have conducted a literature review to gain a thorough understanding of the academic work that already exists on your topic. This means:  Collecting sources (e.g. books and journal articles) and selecting the most relevant ones  Critically evaluating and analyzing each source  Drawing connections between them (e.g. themes, patterns, conflicts, gaps) to make an overall point In the dissertation literature review chapter or section, you shouldn’t just summarize existing studies, but develop a coherent structure and argument that leads to a clear basis or justification for your own research. For example, it might aim to show how your research:  Addresses a gap in the literature  Takes a new theoretical or methodological approach to the topic  Proposes a solution to an unresolved problem  Advances a theoretical debate  Builds on and strengthens existing knowledge with new data The literature review often becomes the basis for a theoretical framework, in which you define and analyze the key theories, concepts and models that frame your research. In this section you can answer descriptive research questions about the relationship between concepts or variables. Methodology The methodology chapter or section describes how you conducted your research, allowing your reader to assess its validity. You should generally include:  The overall approach and type of research (e.g. qualitative, quantitative, experimental, ethnographic)  Your methods of collecting data (e.g. interviews, surveys, archives)  Details of where, when, and with whom the research took place  Your methods of analyzing data (e.g. statistical analysis, discourse analysis)  Tools and materials you used (e.g. computer programs, lab equipment)  A discussion of any obstacles you faced in conducting the research and how you overcame them  An evaluation or justification of your methods Your aim in the methodology is to accurately report what you did, as well as convincing the reader that this was the best approach to answering your research questions or objectives. Results Next, you report the results of your research. You can structure this section around sub-questions, hypotheses, or themes. In some disciplines, the results section is strictly separated from the discussion, while in others the two are combined. For example, in qualitative methods like ethnography, the presentation of the data will often be woven together with discussion and analysis. However, in quantitative and experimental research, the results should be presented separately before you discuss their meaning:  Concisely state each relevant result, including relevant descriptive statistics (e.g. means, standard deviations) and inferential statistics (e.g. test statistics, p-values).  Briefly state how the result relates to the question or whether the hypothesis was supported.  Include tables and figures if they help the reader understand your results.  Report all results that are relevant to your research questions, including any that did not meet your expectations.  Don’t include subjective interpretations or speculation. Additional data (including raw numbers, full questionnaires, or interview transcripts) can be included as an appendix. Discussion The discussion is where you explore the meaning and implications of your results in relation to your research questions. Here you should interpret the results in detail, discussing whether they met your expectations and how well they fit with the framework that you built in earlier chapters.  Give your interpretations: what do the results mean?  Explore the implications: why do the results matter?  Acknowledge the limitations: what can’t the results tell us? If any of the results were unexpected, offer explanations for why this might be. It’s a good idea to consider alternative interpretations of your data. The discussion should refer back to relevant sources to show how your results fit with existing knowledge. Conclusion The dissertation conclusion should concisely answer the main research question, leaving the reader with a clear understanding of your central argument and emphasizing what your research has contributed. In some academic conventions, the conclusion refers to a short section that comes before the discussion: first you directly state your overall conclusions, then you discuss and interpret their meaning. In other contexts, however, the conclusion refers to the final chapter, where you wrap up your dissertation with a final reflection on what you found. This type of conclusion often also includes recommendations for future research or practice. In this chapter, it’s important to leave the reader with a clear impression of why your research matters. What have you added to what was already known? Reference list You must include full details of all sources that you have cited in a reference list (sometimes also called a works cited list or bibliography). It’s important to follow a consistent citation style. Each style has strict and specific requirements for how to format your sources in the reference list. Common styles include APA and MLA, but your program will often specify which citation style you should use – make sure to check the requirements, and ask your supervisor if you’re unsure. To save time creating the reference list and make sure your citations are correctly and consistently formatted, you can use the Scribbr Citation Generator. Appendices Your dissertation itself should contain only essential information that directly contributes to answering your research question. Documents you have used that do not fit into the main body of your dissertation (such as interview transcripts, survey questions or tables with full figures) can be added as appendices. Editing and proofreading Making sure all the sections are in the right place is only the first step to a well-written dissertation. Leave plenty of time for editing and proofreading. Grammar mistakes and sloppy formatting errors can drag down the quality of your hard work. You should plan to write and revise several drafts of your thesis or dissertation before focusing on language mistakes, typos and inconsistencies.