#Academic equivalency evaluation

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[dresshistorynerd]

That ChatGPT ask about The Great Famine made me think about how generative AI is so devastating for historical understanding, but especially the understanding of dress history. There's a lot of completely inaccurate history AI slop, both generated images and writing. I'm always searching primary source images, but even then I've started to come across the occasional AI generated image, which is always very bad. Google image search is at this point almost useless.

The issue is that there's so much outdated information and frankly misinformation about history in the internet and in other source materials the AI scraps. This is of course an issue with many other fields as well, but history definitely belong to the fields which have most misinformation spread about them. When a human armed with a bit of critical thinking comes across a source they can evaluate it's validity. But AI doesn't have critical thinking. It can't think. So if there's a lot of sources, which peddle the same common misconception, AI weights it above what the few rigorous academic sources say. And then the AI becomes basically a misinformation peddling machine. And there's no way of finding our where it got it's information. Even the AI doesn't really know because of the way it works, and that's why, when you try to ask it, it tries to scours for sources that say similar things it was saying rather than giving the actual source it got the information from. And if it doesn't find a source? Well, it might hallucinate one. This is of course an issue in multiple level not just because it's filling the internet with misinformation and drowning out reliable information. It's also basically a plagiarism machine.

This is even worse with dress history than most historical fields, because dress history is such a new field and there's comparatively very little quality research. Even many historians of different fields peddle a lot of old misconceptions of dress history (sometimes you even come across a fairly new paper on dress history and there's some misconception repeated as a truth). So of course AI is very unlikely to produce anything close to accurate information on dress history.

So to see for myself how bad it actually is (and to have a bit of laugh) I decided to try out ChatGPT for the first time. I decided I would ask it a question I have answered in a blog post myself before to see how close (or far) it got.

Here's what I asked: "When did it become socially acceptable for men to wear dresses?"

I have written a very long post on this before found here.

And here's the answer ChatGPT gave with my commentary:

The idea of men wearing dresses has evolved significantly over time, with different periods in history showcasing varying degrees of acceptance. In general, men have worn clothing that could be considered "dress-like" at various points in history, though the specific social context has changed. 1. Ancient and Medieval Times: Men in many ancient cultures, including the Greeks, Romans, and Egyptians, wore tunics, robes, or other garments that we might now think of as dresses. These were considered appropriate for men, often signifying social status, wealth, or ceremonial importance.

Not bad, though this makes it sound like men only wore dresses to signify status, wealth or ceremonial importance, when in fact all men wore dresses. I also made a point in my post to say these were dresses, not just "dress-like". They were (mostly) constructed and (mostly) called the same as the equivalent clothing women wore, so of course I take issue with the framing.

2. Renaissance and Early Modern Period: During the Renaissance and up through the 17th century, men’s fashion included elaborate gowns, skirts, and dresses, often with frills, lace, and rich fabrics. These were considered fashionable and elegant for men, particularly among the aristocracy.

Here's were we're getting to the inaccurate territory. Yes still during renaissance men were wearing dresses, however it was becoming fashionable among especially young noble (and soldier class) men to wear extremely tiny skirts, until they stopped being skirts and turned into very fitted thighs (hose) and doublet. It was the period when dress became increasingly less acceptable for men to wear, but it was precisely lower class and peasant men, who were slower to follow the new fashions and masculine standards, not very surprisingly. But by Early Modern Period it had become unacceptable for men to wear dresses. Yes, there was still hems at points, but those were coat hems, which might seem like basically the same as a skirt hem, but conceptually they were different. It's the same today. No one thinks nothing of it if a man is wearing a long overcoat, with buttons closed, on top of a suit, but if they are wearing thighs and same length skirt? Well, for the next couple of weeks you'll get outrage op-eds and conservative influencers losing their minds over "the death of Western civilization".

Also in 1600s (roughly around 1630s-1660s) rich fabrics and elaborated detailing was not fashionable, not among women and certainly not among men. Men's fashion especially favoured a lot of black and other dark and neutral tones, influenced by somber religious atmosphere influenced by the all the Reformations and Counter-Reformations and wars about them going on at the time. (Of course there's some counter examples, but the general statement ChatGPT gave to me is simple incorrect.)

3. 18th and 19th Century: By the 18th century, Western fashion for men became more structured, and by the Victorian era (19th century), men were expected to wear trousers, waistcoats, and suits (my comment: you mean coat right, ChatGPT?? suit already encompases trousers and waistcoat). The shift towards more gender-specific clothing for men and women took root, and women’s dresses became more ornate and feminine, while men’s clothing became more utilitarian and restrictive.

First of all the height of structuring in Western fashion for both men and women, was during the Elizabethan Era, and additionally men's fashion got briefly a little less structured during the 18th century. As I explain in my post about the actual origins of modern men's suit (it was not Beau Brummel), the three piece suit with trousers, waistcoat and coat was popularized in 1670s. Women's dresses becoming more "feminine" means literally nothing when what was feminine was just seen differently. Of course it became more feminine in our modern eyes, when we get closer to the present day in the historical timeline, because modern femininity was being formed at the time. Men's fashion did become more utilitarian (I talk about a bit about the reasons why in the post about three piece suit above), but I wouldn't call it more restrictive necessarily.

Points for ChatGPT though for acknowledging that fashion became more gender specific around 18th and 19th centuries.

4. 20th Century: The 20th century saw men in dresses or skirts make occasional appearances in fashion, especially in avant-garde or countercultural movements. For example, in the 1920s, some male actors in Hollywood (my comment: here it's "forgetting" where it's going with the sentence, because it doesn't understand what a cohesive sentence means), such as Marlene Dietrich’s famous cross-dressing moments, challenged gender norms. In the 1960s and 1970s, figures like David Bowie, with his androgynous style, brought more attention to the concept of men wearing dresses as part of a wider push for gender fluidity in fashion.

The fact that cross-dressing became more acceptable in the early 20th century for women and people seen as women, didn't really do anything (or very little) to the make cross-dressing more acceptable for men, or those seen as such. Counter culture fashions in 70s and 80s were much more accepting of androgynous men and men wearing skirts, but the wider mainstream fashion was absolutely not accepting of that, definitely not outside the rock icons, who themselves were also side-eyed a lot.

5. Late 20th to 21st Century: By the 1990s and 2000s, with the rise of gender nonconformity and movements pushing for gender equality and expression, men wearing dresses became more visible and socially accepted. Public figures like Prince, Kurt Cobain, and later, celebrities like Harry Styles and Billy Porter, have worn dresses and skirts as part of their personal style, pushing the boundaries of traditional gendered fashion.

It's absolutely still not seen as acceptable for men to wear dresses. Yes, couple of celebrities have done that, and yes there's alternative fashion and queer people who do that, but if you take a look at how people in legacy and social media talk about them, it's pretty obvious that's not socially acceptable in the mainstream.

In essence, it became more socially acceptable for men to wear dresses as part of a broader cultural shift toward embracing non-binary gender expression and rejecting rigid gender norms, especially in the 21st century. Celebrities, designers, and activists have played key roles in challenging the old norms, making fashion more inclusive and fluid. This acceptance continues to grow in many parts of the world, although social attitudes can still vary greatly depending on cultural context.

"A broader cultural shift toward embracing non-binary gender expression and rejecting rigid gender norms." Laughing crying. Yeah, there was a cultural shift, but clearly it was not super broad. It's really laughable to suggest in the heart of the reactionary backlash moment that it's somehow broadly socially acceptable for men to wear dresses.

Also this "although social attitudes can still vary greatly depending on cultural context" makes it sound like outside the western context, which this answer is all about, the attitudes haven't changes as much, when in fact outside the western context dresses for men are much more often acceptable and part of the cultural norms.

Perhaps it was unfair of me to ask my question in a misleading way, since the answer to "when did it become acceptable for men to wear dresses" is "it was for a very long time, but it's not anymore". But this is part of the issue with ChatGPT and similar text based AI. When you ask them a question they will take the assumptions of the question and run with them, even if the assumptions in the question are completely false. It's not just a misinformation machine, but a misinformation machine designed to reinforce your preconceived notions. For example if you would ask ChatGPT "why were corsets unhealthy?" it might answer with a very long answer full of pseudoscientific misinformation straight from the mouths of Victorian eugenists. I did that and the answer was extremely predictably. I'm not going to go through all that since is was so very long and this is getting long enough, but for a taste, after all the bullshit reasons it gave, here's what it wrote at the end:

Why Corsets Were Worn Despite Health Risks: Fashion and Aesthetic Appeal: Corsets were primarily worn to achieve a specific beauty standard that emphasized an extremely small waist and a curvy figure. This was considered a symbol of femininity, refinement, and social status during certain historical periods. Cultural Norms: The societal pressure to conform to the idealized figure meant many women endured discomfort and health risks to fit into the norms of the time.

The biggest eyeroll. Of course nothing about how it distributes the weight of the boobs much more comfortably in the waist rather than the shoulders, or how the heavy dresses people wore needed support or movement would have been very difficult, or how it was an easy way to alter the body, any kind of body, to the fashionable silhouette without needing any invasive procedures or dangerous diets. The most classic, most predictable corset misinformation. This is exactly what I meant at the beginning. The internet is so full of this bullshit already, in the AI algorithm it makes it true.

The lesson is: do not use ChatCPT as your search engine and don't trust it as your source of information. There is numerous of issues with generative AI and the spread of misinformation is certainly one of the biggest, seeing how much death and destruction misinformation has caused only with vanilla social media. I'm afraid to think about the repercussions of refining that metaphorical misinformation machine with the literal misinformation machine. If you want to do research into dress history yourself, but don't know where to start, rather than asking ChatGPT, here's my tips for where to start.

Also be skeptical of the sources you find in the internet, including everything I write. In the age of generative AI it's even more important to use proper sourcing. I'm definitely not perfect about this, since I'm extremely chaotic in my research most of the time and bad at keeping my sources in good order (I don't want to do boring stuff when researching for my hobby, I do that enough for uni), but I'm making an effort to be better about it, at least for my more structured posts. But if you want to know any sources I've used for any reason, when I haven't listed them, you're always free to ask. I might have it somewhere among my 500 open tabs still open, or I might still be able to find it again. So anyway, be skeptical of writings (again, including mine) which don't have sources listed, not just because it could be AI, but also because the same issues apply outside AI - it's much harder to evaluate how trustworthy the writing is or to know weather it's plagiarized.

[ckret2]

This is an earnest question - it came up in one of my fics and I'm curious how other people interpreted it.

I know that the Westmore-Backupsmore dichotomy is supposed to be a joke. It's a kids show, the depth of Ford's disappointment and failure has to be made obvious in the span of a few seconds, and hyperbole is funny.

However, it has always pushed my suspension of disbelief that Ford was being evaluated for a place that was supposed to be in-universe Stanford University or something, and when he didn't immediately get a full-ride scholarship to one of the best universities in the country, his alternative was a place with such a poor reputation that it was literally marketed as a backup plan.

I've seen several explanations for this. I've seen it suggested that he was just too arrogant to apply for a wide variety of schools, and by the time he realized he couldn't do Westmore he was scrambling for the only place with a long application window. I've seen it suggested that Backupsmore was actually a pretty good school, and that its poor reputation was unearned and due to classism because it made an effort to cater to lower-income students. The one I personally went for is that his family was skeptical about his academic aspirations, and as a result Filbrick would only pay the application fees for a small handful of schools.

Do you have an explanation?

When the principal calls the family in to tell them that Ford's a genius and has a shot at getting into West Coast Tech, they're all surprised and thrilled—including Ford. This isn't a case of "I just won't bother applying anywhere but WCT." All evidence suggests he didn't apply to WCT at all... since it seems like he'd never even imagined going until then. It sounds like, until then, Ford's post graduation plans really were sailing around the world with Stan.

I think it's the complete opposite of arrogance: I think he didn't apply anywhere because he assumed college just wasn't in the cards for him.

His family's poor. His family's also Jewish, which probably wouldn't actually impact anything in Friendly Disney Channel Show For Children but in real life it would be a reason for a lot of colleges to quietly turn down his application in the 60s. His family probably also knew that Ford was smart, but unless someone else told them, none of them—Ford included—had enough of a basis of comparison for just HOW smart he was.

They probably thought, sure, Ford's a bright kid, but, HOW bright? Yeah, brightest in the school, but that could be a "big fish in a little pond" deal, this doesn't look like the preppiest high school. Bright enough to be accepted into the fanciest schools in the country? They're not sure—until he's told he has a shot at West Coast Tech. Bright enough for his education to be worth the strain on the family that paying for a college education would be? DEFINITELY not... until that education became worth potential millions.

Bright enough for him to apply to the in-universe equivalents of Harvard and Yale and Columbia and Brown etc? Why bother? West Coast Tech was only interested in him when he had an amazing science project, and lost interest when he didn't. His stellar grades clearly didn't matter to them without that science project. No point in applying to the other equivalent schools now.

Or, hell, maybe he did apply—and, without a big flashy in-your-face wow-worthy science project, all they saw was a poor kid who got good grades from a mediocre school. Unless a poor kid is something really special, a 1960s Ivy League college would rather accept middle-or-upper-class kids with equally good grades—those kids will actually pay their tuition fees.

Or maybe they even did accept him! ... But, didn't consider him quite impressive enough for scholarships, and were too expensive without them.

Sure, we know Ford was a super genius—but a college would need some kind of proof he was a super genius rather than just Really Smart, and he didn't have that proof.

He didn't even consider going to college until probably late in the school year (assuming their science fair was probably in the spring). Within a couple of days he suddenly had WCT offered ("you're worthy of the greatest schools in the country!") and snatched away ("nvm you're not worthy"). Now suddenly, possibly for the first time in his life, college is on the table, and he's been told that he could be REALLY successful if he goes to college... but, the big fancy colleges won't take him. What does he do now?

Backupsmore might have been the best school that 1) he thought would take him (or actually WOULD take him), 2) he could still apply to, and 3) his family thought they could afford.

[geraldmariaivo]

Another one of these

Damian’s new classmate is odd, though not nearly as unpleasant to be around as everyone else at the school.

He doesn’t seem to be from wealthy family, but he also seems mostly unconcerned with the punishments doled out by the school for “getting into fights with his peers,” unlike many of the students in on academic programs. He thinks himself stupid, but Damian would be worried about having him as a rogue from the things he’s seen the boy tinkering with if he didn’t know that Fenton had his heart set on NASA. He’s clumsy, but it seems to be out of habit rather than any true issues with balance and spatial awareness. He filled in Damian’s gaps in knowledge concerning social structures and how to operate within them, with only minimal prompting. Whenever Damian forgot a word or figure of speech in English, and used the equivalent in a different language, Fenton always understood.

He has a dog that he has yet to let meet, but claims that “Cujo isn’t really my dog, he just hangs around.”

He is clearly metahuman. If the abnormal body temperature, changing eye color, and ability to avoid Damian so consistently weren’t enough evidence, then the fact that his presence made Damian so at ease, made him feel safe, energized, and reassured of his own competence in some strange way the not even his father or Richard could, was the nail in the coffin.

Naturally, Damian sought out his company during lunch and group projects.

It was only logical to evaluate Fenton so as to make sure he knew what to expect should the boy be controlled either by extortion or by any of the rogues’ mind control methods. It was only a beneficial side effect that doing so made Damian feel safer, made his thoughts of inadequacy quiet down, and made it easier to rest without a weapon. It also helped that Fenton didn’t question things like most of his family did. His peer didn’t ask why he needed a nap after a 3-day weekend with no homework. He didn’t ask why Damian was out “sick” so often. He simply handed Damian a sleeping mask to make it easier to rest, even if he didn’t fall asleep. He gave Damian a guide to the shorthand he used for class notes, and filled him in on what he missed whenever he came home from being “ill.” He offered smuggled-in over the counter medications during study sessions freely, and with no question as to why Damian favored his right leg for the next week or so.

Damian saw Fenton during patrol once, when he and Batman had gotten to the crime scene after Fenton had broken the ribs of one of the robbers.

Damian would even go so far as to call Fenton his peer in his civilian life, though he would appreciate it if the rest of his siblings would stop teasing him about his “new friend,” and asking him “when are you going to invite your friend over?”

As tempting as it was to stab them into stopping it, he didn’t want to be on the receiving end of Alfred’s disappointed stare.

This fondness for Fenton was the only reason he didn’t immediately hold a knife to the boy’s throat when it was clear that he knew about what had happened.

“What had happened” being Damian falling through his chair, and partway into the ground with no warning.

That, and Fenton’s response of “Damn, this is the first time I’ve seen you fall through something all year. What made you finally slip up? Family issues? Death day coming up?”

[waepenwifestre]

Cyperus Rotundus Report:

There's been some recent buzz about Cyperus Rotundus oil for long term hair removal and I've been doing some digging.

While Cyperus is a well established medicinal herb (and infamous agricultural weed) the only two academic studies that seem to exist on it's role in hair removal are a pair of 2012 and 2014 studies by GF Mohammed, an Egyptian dermatology/sexology/venereology professor. Both follow the same basic methods and show the same basic results:

Cis women with unwanted armpit hair massaged .25mls of distilled Cyperus Rotundus essential oil to the target area twice daily, during the study they plucked hairs from the area every 3 weeks (sugaring or threading) and applied oil immediately after hair removal.

They followed this protocol for 6 months. They were evaluated after 8 months, which was 2 months without the treatment and 1 month after their last hair removal.

Results were shockingly good! Showing a more than 90% hair reduction at that point, statistically equivalent to laser for dark hair and fully effective against white hair that laser isn't effective against. (This is the data for the 2014 study, the 2012 is basically identical just with a larger group and no laser comparison group).

This discussion of potential mechanisms boils down to "Cyperus rotundus is rich in potent components such as flavonoids, lignans, and polyphenols.30-33 Flavonoids and lignans have estrogenic activity that may inhibit 5α-reductase and 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase via differential transcription activity of an estrogen-response element reporter.34-36 Thus, hair follicles that are entirely androgen dependent can be minimized.1,21,35"

The discussion surrounding these results doesn't tell us much though. There's no discussion of whether or not the author thinks plucking the hair is significant (they just say participants removed hair via "their usual method (sugaring/threading). No discussion of how the dosage was determined or how long results might last/what a long term regiment to maintain results might look like.

Which is to say, maybe it's doing local hormone shit and maybe that's via 5α-reductase and 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase. Wikipedia tells me 5alpha is tied to steroid metabolism (with both estrogen and androgens) and that 17beta is involved with the " interconversion of DHEA and androstenediol, androstenedione and testosterone, and estrone and estradiol." This is largely beyond me so for now I'm sticking with, "maybe Cyperus Rotundus does some local hormone shit."

Initially I was dismissive of this explanation (after all, lower systemic androgen levels might lighten hair or make it thinner but androgen-activating hair follicles famously persists regardless of androgen levels. But I've seen some studies suggesting that local androgen levels can interact with hair follicles growth stages in some weird ways, including shortening the Anagen growing phase and maybe increasing the time duration of the rest period before a follicle resets to Anagen.

I wasn't able to find much anecdotal evidence and what I could find wasn't over large time periods, but some Reddit reports noted that even after just a week or so it seemed like hairs were coming out from the root when shaving (ie the length of hairs stuck to the raser was substantially longer than the length visible before shaving) and other noted a dramatically increased consistency of plucked hairs have a bulb (a sign that they were in the anagen growth phase before being plucked and that they actually pulled out from the root and didn't break midway).

Hair follicle growth phase and follicle damage is *weird,* I got midway into a deep dive and started losing focus so I'm posting this with less details than I'd like, but I think there's strong evidence that C Rotundus oil in some way affects the growth phases of follicles in a way that suppresses growth (at least short to mid term). It also seems vaguely possible that the oil somehow makes the follicles more susceptible to damage from the hair getting plucked. As I understand it damage to the follicle is far from guaranteed, but happens regularly with plucking. Tho generally it's only enough damage to push the follicle towards being inactive for a period of months and then coming back good as new, not much of a vector for permanent hair elimination.

The fact that results last months after treatment ends is sick. I figure this could suggest that the relevant medicinal compounds just hang around for a long time (if I circle back to this I'll see if there's halflife data on the potentially relevant compounds). If they do hang around on the scale of months than the twice daily application is probably major overkill.

I also think it's feasible (based off my v limited knowledge) that the C Rotundus effect pushes the follicles into an extended rest period, you stop applying the oil and the follicles stay in track to wait out that rest period before activating again.

And ofc there could be a vector for actual permanent hair removal that I just can't think of, but my slightly informed opinion is that that seems unlikely.

.

Side effects are supposed to be basically non-existent (the only object the studies cite is that some ppl don't like the smell of the oil).

I think the main question for me is figuring out what dosing looks like long term. (Do you cycle on and off, do you apply weekly, is daily application most of the time actually important? Etc)

It's also unclear if plucking vs shaving is important. I've been a big fan of epilating lately so that's what I'll be doing and it seems like it should pair nicely with what I expect from C Rotundus but more data from more ppl trying more different shit with this would be rly tight!!

if any of y'all try it out I'd love to hear how it goes <3 <3 <3

Also I probably have the citations for all of the shit I'm referencing around somewhere and can dig them up if anything is of interest.

[katerinaaqu]

People should realise that just because they are academics, doesn't mean they are good good academics. You could be Q1 and Q2 journals writer and still wrote the most mundane most factually wrong analysis because the thing is, being good academically won't protect you from bias and won't definitely give you good moral to follow book by book the ethics of doing research and analysis.

That's why we have peer reviews, and even then, when reading academic writing, you as a person need to have critical thinking skill and even your own standard and principles to not just follow blindly with 100% trust just because the writer is someone with 10 PhD.

And too bad most classicists and historians always hold the most mind-blowing bias known to man.

I definitely agree. Academic degree is not equivalent to good academic work and even if you have a good starting point of thinking (let's say the waves of women-centric studies that aim to bring more women to the picture) it doesn't need to have a good punchline, to put it simply.

To say for example that we need to discuss more the achievements of women in the past is not just necessary, it is essential. However is it good to write something "hey did you know that everything was actually done by women and was stolen by men (no exceptions!) and that you are misogynist bigot unless you agree to my view and my 'new evidence' that I came up with by twisting some words of the facts" is NOT the way to do it Bringing some important historical and social factor to the front is important and essential but bringing everything down is definitely NOT the way to do it in my books at least. And as you said it is important to have critical thinking when we say stuff or when we try it

And I admit I oftentimes need to work on that myself. Having an academic degree is definitely a source of pride but oftentimes you need to try hard not to become a "trust me bro" source or claim you are some kind of knowledge flame or something. I am not saying of course that you NEED always to quote those before you. I for instance try these days to focus more on my own critical thinking and reading than do bibliographical research (I will do it too when I need to of course I just want to focus more on my own personal growth these days) but when you are bringing out some interpretation you come up with while studying, you need to back it up with your arguments based on that said source instead of randomly go wild and writing whatever and of course there is going to be someone to disagree or debate with you or daresay insult you. The important thing is that you have some basis to what you say

Unfortunately it happens a lot that many academics seek novelty for the sakes of novelty; their goal seems to be that every single thing written before is inherently flawed and needs to be re-evaluated and debunked and that leads to many errors and mistakes much bigger than those they accuse their predecessors of making. Again, in my opinion, I do not think that EVERY single possible idea of the past needs to be debunked with SUCH an intensity. Many of them need to be preserved. I do not want to treat reading of the past as something that is undoubtedly wrong and that I NEED to do something about it to make sure I go to the completely different direction. There are many things I agree and things I disagree with but I do not think I need to constantly seek how to change the past. Sometimes I want to enrich some of the old ideas that I agree with and promote them.

I definitely agree my dear Anon!

[sol-consort]

Do aliens mature at the same rate as humans? Like humans basically reach mental and physical maturity at like 18, but salarians only live for like 40 yrs. Does that mean they would mature at like 10? Could you have a salarian and a human grow up together; and by the time both are ten, the salarian is babysitting them for a summer job?

Are Asari only considered legal adults once they’re 100? Does that mean shepherd (who is like early 30s ish) sleeping with Liara, who as far as i remember is just barely over 100, considered creepy? Or morally dubious? Like those 50 year old men who date 18 year old high school students cuz it’s technically legal?

Or are asari as emotionally and mentally mature as adults once they reach 18 and those extra years are just like fun years??

Yeah, it's different than humans.

The game doesn't state the ages of maturity outright, but we can make assumptions based on correlations and in reference to our own society.

Asari are considered grown enough to move out of their parents' home at age 60, anything younger, and it'd be like kicking a teenager out. Liara, who's a 100-year-old in ME1, mentions technically being an adult but relatively young, meaning she's not used to being taken seriously by the other asari. So we can assume their 60s are akin to our 18s, and their their second century is like being in your early 20s

Salarians - 7~8

Salarians only live up to 40 years. They mature much faster because of it. Mordin mentions that his nephew earned a university tenure at age 16—which is considered completely normal rather than impressive.

A tenure is something a university professor usually earns.

"Achieving tenure is not easy or quick. First, aspiring professors must secure a “tenure track” position after excelling in a Ph.D. program, followed in many cases by one or more postdoctoral fellowships. Then, in a probationary period that can last from 5 to 10 years, but which typically takes 7 years, faculty must demonstrate academic excellence in teaching, research and service to the community.

The probationary period is then followed by a year-long process during which a professor’s work is evaluated by peer faculty – both inside and outside of the university where they teach – as well as administrators at their institution.

If they succeed in getting tenure, they can be promoted to the rank of “associate professor with tenure.” But if they are denied tenure, usually it means they have one more year to build up their credentials and find employment at another college or university – or leave academia altogether to find work in a different industry."

Sourced article

The average age for tenure profs is 40-50 which means being 16 in Salarian years is the equivalent to that. Which raises the question just how old Mordin was-

Either way, Salarians don't have sexual Intercourse. That's why their entire species can't experience sexual attraction. It's unnecessary, and they don't need it. Evolution saw no point for it. Marriage is more of a contractual collaboration with them, unless they marry outside their species–like asari –then they'll marry for love rather than reproduction.

Two salarians rarely, if ever, need to meet to create children. Females lay eggs, and males fertilise them. 90% of the eggs end up unfertilized, which results in a male. Only fertilised eggs can birth female salarians, which makes up 10% of the population. Making female salarians held in extremely high regards, they're usually the heads of their family and only hold the most important of roles in society. You never see them on a battlefield or any of the less than aristocratic jobs...well until Andromeda anyway.

All of these societal differences show that Salarians will determine their age of maturity based on different values and factors.

Being an adult to them might not equate to when you're able to have sex—since they don't have it—or reproduce in general. Adulthood might just mean when they see you fit enough to start making your own life choices, pursue higher educations and hold down jobs. The brain reaching maturity and developing is their determining factor for qualifying as an adult rather than the body.

Let's take the average and say 16 = 45, so 45/16 = 2.8125. Round it up to 3 and we can assume a salarian develops at almost the triple the rate of a human.

A 7 years old salarian equates to 18y in human years. A childhood friendship between a salarian and a human could only work for 4 years, for the Salarian would've started puberty by that time while...the human child still haven't mastered speech.

There is also the possibility that salarians are born knowing how to walk and talk? Like sharks. Nothing implies that ingame, just a theory. Otherwise, their brains congestive abilities are super impressive to reach the development expected of an almost 3y old human child in their first year of life.

Also, considering how Salarians are taller than humans, it sounds painful af to grow up to that height in only 7 years. A 7-year-old human is barely taller than a table, and yet they still get massive growth pains. Imagine how more extreme it would be for a salarian to grow 35cm per year.

That's not considering the body maturity pains. Are their puberties also a hormonal mess like ours? Their brains process emotions at a much fast rate. A salarian can get over a sudden existential crisis about their fast approaching demise in a couple hours, while it might take weeks or months for a human.

For the rest of the Mass Effect species:

Turians / Quarians / Humans - 18

They have the same max lifespan of a human—150 years. Tali mentions quarians being very similar to humans as well. We can safely assume both races reach maturity at a similar age, give or take a couple of years bc of cultural differences.

-

Krogans / Asari - 50~60

share the long lifespans of asari, it's why so many asari are hesitant to seriously date them. It'd be as serious as getting an asari partner. With the other species–like humans, you just "stick it out" and wait for them to die. But with krogan? That's a partner for life.

We can assume they mature at a similar level, although I feel like their current society would push them to an even earlier maturaity while the asari have been living in a cushy world for so long. Maybe at 40 or 50 instead of 60?

Actually, if anything, krogans might outlive the asari.

There is no documented death of a krogan caused by true old age. Every single cause of death has been from unnatural outside influence. Wrex is easily 1000~1300 and the oldest known krogan to live was 1800.

-

Drell - 16~18

Their average lifespan is stated to be 85, with an emphasis on "average" here. It's not clear whether their terminal illness is taken into account or if it's scewing the statistics. Also, humans have an average lifespan of 80, yet many live up to 100 irl, 150 in Mass Effect.

If it's truly 85, then they might mature only slightly faster than humans, if not the exact same. I mean, that is literally just our lifespan rn. You could argue that their lifespans got reduced down by moving to the hanar homeworld, rather than extended like the rest of the galaxy.

Or that it was always 85 and they just mature slightly faster, who knows.

-

Hanar - ?

Not available information, but based on earth's jellyfish, they could be just as Immortal.

-

Protheons - ?

No available information, my assumption is that they should be on the longer average, much like asari. Either engineered or naturally since they held themselves at the top of all the other species, creme de la creme and all.

[aberfaeth]

don't give it a hand, offer it a soul

[dimension 20: fantasy high, Jace/Porter, missing scenes, coworkers with benefits to ???. ch 3/5, 6k.]

“Well, I tipped her off about the woods,” Jace says. And he waits, but - Porter just looks at him, unblinkingly neutral, his face the emotional equivalent of a blank stone wall.  Invested, focused, persistent. Emotionally available for her students. Jace had scrawled it down on his last faculty evaluation for Yolanda, needing much less time to finish up her sheet than the others. He had complaints to register for the rest of the teachers; he dedicated a paragraph and a half to harsh critiques of Porter’s academic methods. But there’s genuinely very little that Yolanda has ever done to get in his way, or give him grief.  “You need to kill her,” he says into the silence. “It’s not a chance we can take.” *** Five rituals, over the course of ten months.

hi everyone and welcome to chapter three of @jadeandquartzes and i going real insane about those evil aguefort teachers. on this episode, Canon Events In The Mirror Are Closer Than They Appear... hope you enjoy, cause this one's a doozy!!!

read chapter three of don't give it a hand, offer it a soul here!

start from the beginning here!

[phuket-solicitors]

Thailand LTR Visa

The Long-Term Resident (LTR) Visa, launched in 2022, is a major Thai government initiative to attract wealthy individuals, retirees, highly skilled professionals, and investors to Thailand by offering an extended stay with significant privileges. It forms part of Thailand's broader strategy to enhance economic growth through foreign direct investment and talent attraction.

Core Features of the LTR Visa

FeatureDescriptionDuration10 years (initial 5 years + automatic 5-year extension if conditions maintained).Work PermissionDigital Work Permit included for eligible applicants.Tax Benefits17% flat personal income tax rate (only for highly skilled professionals in targeted industries).Ease of ReportingOnly once-a-year immigration reporting (versus standard 90-day reporting).Fast Track at AirportsAccess to Premium Lane services.Dependent RightsSpouse and up to four dependents (children under 20) can also receive LTR Visas.

Who Is Eligible for the LTR Visa?

The program has five categories of eligible applicants:CategoryBasic CriteriaWealthy Global Citizens≥ USD 1 million in assets, USD 80,000/year income.Wealthy PensionersRetirees over 50 years old, ≥ USD 80,000/year pension income.Work-From-Thailand ProfessionalsRemote workers employed by established foreign companies; ≥ USD 80,000/year income.Highly Skilled ProfessionalsExperts in targeted industries like healthcare, robotics, fintech; employer certified.DependentsLegal spouse and children under 20 years old.

Important: Each category has nuanced financial and insurance requirements which must be fully documented.

Detailed Eligibility Requirements

Wealthy Global Citizens

USD 500,000 minimum investment in Thai government bonds, real estate, or direct investment.

Minimum USD 1 million in assets globally.

Health insurance with at least USD 50,000 coverage or social security benefits ensuring treatment in Thailand.

Wealthy Pensioners

Age ≥ 50.

Pension income of at least USD 80,000/year or, if lower, proof of at least USD 250,000 investment in Thai assets.

Health insurance or equivalent.

Work-From-Thailand Professionals

Employment by a foreign company listed on stock exchanges or with revenue ≥ USD 150 million in the last 3 years.

Minimum 5 years of work experience in fields relevant to their current role.

Highly Skilled Professionals

Employer operating in one of Thailand’s targeted sectors (e.g., biotechnology, automation, medical services).

Endorsement by a relevant Thai government agency.

Five years relevant experience unless holding a Master’s degree or higher.

Application Process

Document Preparation

Proof of employment, income, investments, insurance, academic degrees, professional certifications.

Submission

Apply through the Board of Investment (BOI) LTR Visa platform.

Qualification Endorsement

BOI evaluates the application within approximately 20 working days.

Visa Issuance

After approval, applicants collect the visa either inside Thailand or at a Thai consulate abroad.

Digital Work Permit Application (if applicable)

Apply through the BOI One Start One Stop Investment Center (OSOS) or EEC offices.

Costs and Fees

ItemFeeLTR Visa Issuance50,000 THB per personWork Permit IssuanceIncluded (no additional cost beyond visa fee)

Other costs (insurance premiums, investment costs) depend on the applicant's category.

Tax Implications

Highly Skilled Professionals can apply for a flat 17% personal income tax rate, compared to the standard progressive rates up to 35%.

Global income: In principle, Thailand taxes residents on worldwide income if remitted to Thailand in the same year, but practical taxation depends on tax treaty protections and remittance practices.

Note: Thailand has signed double taxation agreements (DTAs) with over 60 countries.

Common Pitfalls and Challenges

IssueRiskInsufficient documentationMissing proof of investments, income, insurance leads to rejection.Employer Certification DelayEspecially for highly skilled workers; may require negotiation with Thai government agencies.Insurance GapsPolicies must clearly show coverage of at least USD 50,000 without unacceptable exemptions.Changes in EmploymentHighly skilled visa holders must notify immigration if changing jobs.

Renewal and Revocation Conditions

Must continue to meet financial or employment conditions throughout the stay.

Changes in circumstances (e.g., income drop, investment sale) may trigger review and possible visa revocation.

Annual compliance checks may apply, particularly for taxation and insurance.

Conclusion: Strategic Planning Required

The LTR Visa represents a significant opportunity for foreigners seeking long-term stability in Thailand with attractive lifestyle and tax benefits. However, successful application requires meticulous preparation, strict legal compliance, and ongoing maintenance of eligibility standards.

Given the complexity, professional consultation with legal and financial advisors familiar with Thailand's immigration law is highly recommended.

[varrics]

I got my academic credential evaluation back, and, I don’t know what I was expecting, but it’s basically a transcript with an added line saying yes, my degree is equivalent to a Canadian Bachelor’s degree

[careermantradotorg]

IIMs in India: A Comprehensive Guide to the Indian Institutes of Management

The Indian Institutes of Management (IIMs) in India are world-renowned for producing some of the most successful business leaders, entrepreneurs, and professionals. These prestigious institutions offer top-tier management education and are considered the pinnacle of business schools in India. Whether you're an aspiring MBA candidate or curious about the legacy of IIMs, this guide will help you explore all the essential details about IIMs in India.

What are IIMs?

IIMs, or Indian Institutes of Management, are autonomous public institutions offering management education programs such as the Post Graduate Program (PGP) in Management (equivalent to an MBA) and doctoral-level Fellow Programs in Management (FPM). They were established by the Indian government to enhance the quality of management education in India. The first IIM was set up in Calcutta (now Kolkata) in 1961, and today, there are 20 IIMs spread across the country.

List of Top IIMs in India

While all IIMs provide excellent education, some are considered the cream of the crop due to their history, faculty, and placement records. Here's a list of the top IIMs in India:

IIM Ahmedabad (IIMA) IIM Ahmedabad is arguably the most prestigious business school in India. It has consistently ranked as the top IIM due to its world-class faculty, rigorous curriculum, and excellent placement records. Its flagship program, the PGP, is highly sought after by students across the country.

IIM Bangalore (IIMB) Known for its lush green campus and innovative teaching methods, IIM Bangalore is another top-tier management institute. It has strong industry connections, and its focus on entrepreneurship and innovation makes it a standout choice for MBA aspirants.

IIM Calcutta (IIMC) The oldest of the IIMs, IIM Calcutta has maintained its leadership in management education for over six decades. It is known for its finance and consulting placements, making it a favorite among students who aim for careers in these sectors.

IIM Lucknow (IIML) IIM Lucknow offers a robust curriculum, and its programs in agribusiness management are unique in the IIM ecosystem. Its strategic location and strong alumni network make it a go-to institution for many MBA candidates.

IIM Indore (IIMI) Known for its integrated five-year management program (IPM) that caters to undergraduate students, IIM Indore has gained popularity among young aspirants. Its diverse course offerings and industry exposure make it one of the top choices for MBA programs in India.

IIM Kozhikode (IIMK) Situated in the scenic hills of Kerala, IIM Kozhikode combines a serene environment with cutting-edge management education. Its strong focus on technology and business analytics has made it a preferred choice for tech-savvy management students.

Admission Process for IIMs in India

The process of getting into IIMs in India is highly competitive, with the Common Admission Test (CAT) serving as the primary gateway. Here’s an overview of the admission process:

CAT Exam: Conducted annually, the CAT is a computer-based test that evaluates candidates on their quantitative aptitude, verbal ability, reading comprehension, data interpretation, and logical reasoning. Candidates must score exceptionally well to secure a spot at the top IIMs.

Shortlisting Process: After the CAT results are announced, IIMs shortlist candidates based on their CAT scores, academic performance, work experience, and diversity factors like gender and academic discipline.

Personal Interview (PI) & Written Ability Test (WAT): Shortlisted candidates are invited for the second round, which includes a personal interview (PI) and a written ability test (WAT). These rounds assess a candidate's communication skills, clarity of thought, and ability to handle business scenarios.

Final Selection: The final selection is based on a composite score that includes CAT scores, PI/WAT performance, academic background, work experience, and other criteria specific to each IIM.

Programs Offered by IIMs in India

The IIMs in India offer a variety of programs tailored to meet the needs of students, working professionals, and even international candidates. Some of the key programs are:

Post Graduate Program (PGP): The flagship two-year program, equivalent to an MBA, offered by all IIMs. It prepares students for leadership roles in the corporate world.

Executive MBA (PGPX, EPGP): A one-year full-time MBA program designed for professionals with significant work experience. It offers a fast-tracked route to career advancement.

Fellow Program in Management (FPM): This is a doctoral-level program designed for those interested in research and academics. It is equivalent to a Ph.D. in management.

Integrated Program in Management (IPM): A five-year program offered by select IIMs, such as IIM Indore, that allows students to pursue an undergraduate and postgraduate degree in management.

Career Opportunities and Placements

One of the major reasons why students aspire to join IIMs in India is the excellent placement opportunities they offer. Each year, top companies from diverse sectors like consulting, finance, marketing, operations, and technology recruit IIM graduates with lucrative salary packages.

For instance, the average salary package for IIM Ahmedabad graduates in 2023 was approximately ₹34.5 lakhs per annum, with international placements reaching even higher figures. Companies like McKinsey, Goldman Sachs, Amazon, and the Boston Consulting Group are regular recruiters across various IIMs.

The Legacy of IIMs in India

The IIMs have played a crucial role in shaping India’s business landscape. Alumni from IIMs hold leadership positions in some of the largest corporations globally, and many have gone on to establish successful startups. The strong emphasis on analytical thinking, leadership development, and ethical business practices has helped IIM graduates stand out in the competitive global marketplace.

Conclusion

IIMs in India are much more than just business schools; they are institutions that mold the future leaders of the corporate world. With a rigorous admission process, a diverse range of programs, and excellent career opportunities, IIMs continue to be the dream destination for management aspirants across the country. If you're looking to make a mark in the world of business and management, IIMs offer the perfect platform to launch your career.

Whether you're just beginning your journey or already have years of work experience, there’s an IIM program designed to fit your needs. So, are you ready to take the first step toward an exciting future in management?

[labmco]

IT and E commerce, University 1st and 2nd Year (Level 4 and 5)

About the Course – Level 4/5 Diploma in IT and E Commerce Are you ready to build a successful career in the ever-growing digital world? Our IT and e commerce course offers the perfect launchpad. As online shopping expands and technology evolves, professionals with strong skills in IT and e commerce are in high demand. At the London Academy of Business and Management (LABM), we proudly offer a comprehensive online program tailored for future digital leaders. Our Level 4 Diploma in Information Technology and Level 5 Diploma in IT and E Commerce provide 240 credits, equivalent to the first two years of a university degree. This course equips you with real-world skills needed to succeed in today’s fast-paced, technology-driven market. You will study practical subjects, explore current technologies, and develop both technical and managerial skills. Course Structure and Content The IT and e commerce diploma includes two levels of study, each packed with valuable content and practical assignments. Level 4 (First Year Equivalent) 10 In-Depth Modules: These cover web development, database systems, digital marketing, and more essential IT and e commerce topics. 6 Written Assignments: You’ll apply your learning and showcase your knowledge through structured assignments evaluated by experts. Level 5 (Second Year Equivalent) 6 Advanced Modules: These dive deeper into strategic e commerce systems, IT infrastructure, and project management for online platforms. 6 Written Assignments: These assignments strengthen your analytical and practical abilities in key IT and e commerce areas. Each module includes around 40 guided learning hours. You also receive 30–50 hours of optional study materials, including readings, exercises, and digital resources. This flexible structure lets you learn at your pace while staying aligned with university standards. Support and Resources We are committed to your success. Therefore, we offer exceptional academic and technical support throughout your IT and e commerce journey. Tutor Support: Receive one-on-one help from experienced instructors who guide you through assignments and learning challenges. Live Webinars: Participate in interactive sessions with tutors and fellow students to explore complex topics in real time. Social Learning Forum: Collaborate, network, and share insights with peers around the world, creating a vibrant learning environment. Supplementary Materials: Access a library of extra resources to deepen your knowledge and support your academic goals. Visit our Student Resources page to learn more about these benefits and how they support your IT and e commerce education. ELCAS Funding Eligibility Great news for military learners: this IT and e commerce course qualifies for ELCAS funding. This makes your educational path more affordable and accessible. Find out more about how ELCAS can support your career development. University Progression Opportunities Once you complete the IT and e commerce diploma, you can progress to the final year of an undergraduate degree at leading UK universities: Middlesex University University of Derby Southampton Solent University These partnerships offer direct progression to accredited programs in technology and e commerce. Therefore, you can gain your full degree faster and more affordably. Career Advancement This diploma prepares you for various roles in the IT and e commerce sectors. Whether you plan to become an eCommerce manager, IT analyst, or digital strategist, this course gives you the expertise needed to thrive. Employers in retail, tech, logistics, and marketing actively seek graduates with strong IT and e commerce skills. You’ll have the foundation to succeed in nearly any industry using digital platforms. Why Choose LABM? Comprehensive Curriculum: Master essential topics in both IT and e commerce through carefully designed, industry-relevant modules. Flexible Online Learning:

Study from anywhere, anytime, with full access to our virtual learning environment and expert support. Career-Focused Outcomes: Boost your job prospects and open doors to exciting roles or further academic progression. Global Recognition: Earn a diploma accredited by top organizations and accepted by renowned universities across the UK. Enroll Today Don’t wait to start your journey in IT and e commerce. Enroll in our Level 4/5 Diploma and unlock a world of opportunities. Contact LABM now to explore course details, funding options, and your next step toward digital career success. Awarding Body Qualification Qualification Numbers: Level 4 Diploma in Information Technology - 603/4781/8 Qualification Numbers: Level 5 Diploma in IT - E-commerce- 603/4794/6 Course Details https://labm.institute/courses/it-and-ecommerce-university-1st-and-2nd-year-level-4-and-5/

[world-document-services]

How Can I Get My Educational Credentials Evaluated?

In a globalized world, academic mobility has become more common than ever. Whether you’re planning to study abroad, migrate, or seek employment in another country, one of the most critical steps in the process is getting your educational credentials evaluated. This ensures your foreign qualifications are recognized and comparable to the educational standards in your destination country.

Still, if you don’t know how the credential evaluation process works, it can seem overwhelming. In this tutorial, we will explain how to acquire an educational credential evaluation step by step, who needs one, how to apply for one, and how to best streamline the educational credential evaluation process using up-to-date online transcript services.

Need help with your Educational Credentials Evaluated? Contact Us Now!

What Is Educational Credential Evaluation?

Educational credential evaluation is an assessment of your education records (degrees, diplomas, or transcripts) obtained outside the country where you are seeking to apply for admission, jobs, or immigration. The evaluation process assesses the academic equivalency of your foreign qualification in the local context.

For example, suppose you completed an MBA in India and are applying for work or study in the U.S.. In that case, a credential evaluator will compare your Indian MBA with its U.S. equivalent in terms of level, credits, and grading.

Read More: 10 Benefits of Using Professional Transcript Services for Your Education

Who Needs Foreign Degree Evaluation?

You will need a foreign degree evaluation if:

You apply for further education abroad.

You submit documents to immigration authorities.

You want licensing or registration in a regulated profession (such as a healthcare professional or an engineer, etc.)

You are applying for a position, and the equivalency of your academic background is part of the hiring process.

This process is especially important for international students since universities in the United States, Canada, Australia, Germany, and the United Kingdom usually require evaluated transcripts as part of the admission process.

Understanding the Credential Evaluation Process

The credential evaluation process usually includes

Document Collection: The first step is to work through all your academic documents and collect your degrees, mark sheets, diplomas, and transcripts.

Translation (if applicable): If your documents are in a non-English language, certified translations may be required.

Application to a Credential Evaluation Agency: Apply to a recognized body like WES, ECE, IQAS, or CES.

University Verification: Agencies usually ask universities to send transcripts directly to them. This is where transcript service providers in India play a crucial role.

Assessment Report: The agency issues a report explaining how your degree compares to the local system.

Read More: Get Transcripts from Sikkim Manipal University for WES, ECE & More

How to Apply for Credential Evaluation: Step-by-Step

Let’s walk through applying for a transcript online and having your documents evaluated properly:

1. Determine which Credential Evaluation Agency to use

There are popular agencies worldwide, i.e……..

WES (World Education Services)

ECE (Educational Credential Evaluators)

IQAS (International Qualifications Assessment Service)

CES (Comparative Education Service)

Ensure the evaluation agency you are using is accepted by the institution or authority you are applying to.

2. Check required documents

Every agency has a checklist. Generally, you will need:

Degree certificate

All-year mark sheets/transcripts

Identification proof (i.e. passport)

University-sealed envelope (or digital delivery)

3. Use online transcript services

Contact your university and request your transcript. Almost all Indian universities have supported online transcript services. If the university does not provide it to you directly, using an authorized transcript service provider in India will be able to.

Collect your documents

Notarize if required

Liaise with the university

Dispatch the sealed transcript directly to the evaluation body.

This step is essential, as credential evaluation services often reject documents sent by students themselves.

4. Submit Your Application

After receiving the transcript, log in to the evaluation agency’s portal and submit the following:

Digital copies

Transcript request reference

Payment

5. Receive the Evaluation Report

Depending on the agency and delivery method, your academic credential assessment report will be delivered in 2–8 weeks.

Choosing the Right Transcript Service Provider in India

Navigating the transcript process in India can be time-consuming. That’s why many international students rely on third-party transcript service providers in India to ensure the process is error-free and within deadlines.

Features to look for:

Experience with international agencies like WES, ECE, etc.

Pan-India university coverage

Doorstep document pickup

End-to-end document handling

Responsive customer support

Online tracking system

Using the best transcript services in India not only saves time but also prevents unnecessary rejections or delays due to documentation issues.

Read More: Navigating the Process of Mumbai University Transcripts with Ease

Benefits of Getting Your Credentials Evaluated:

Helps meet university admission criteria

Essential for immigration and work visas

Needed for licensing exams and regulatory bodies

Increases employability by validating your qualifications

Simplifies comparisons across education systems

FAQs About Educational Credential Evaluation:

Q: How long does credential evaluation take? A: Most agencies take 2 to 8 weeks, depending on document delivery and verification speed. Choosing an efficient transcript service provider can expedite this process.

Q: Can I submit my transcripts myself? A: Generally, no. Most agencies require transcripts to be sent directly from your university or a verified third-party service provider to maintain authenticity.

Q: Do agencies like WES accept digital transcripts? A: Yes, agencies like WES accept digital transcripts from select universities and authorized online platforms. Always check with the agency for specific requirements.

Q: What’s the cost of credential evaluation? A: Fees vary by agency, usually ranging between $100 and $250, excluding transcript dispatch fees. Additional services like rush evaluation or extra copies incur extra charges.

Q: Can I use the same evaluation for multiple universities or authorities? A: Yes, most agencies allow you to send additional copies to other institutions for a fee. Make sure your report type (course-by-course or document-by-document) meets all intended use cases.

Conclusion:

Getting your educational credential evaluation right the first time is critical to your global academic and professional journey. It validates your qualifications, opens doors to prestigious institutions and employers, and ensures you’re seen as a credible applicant.

The process doesn’t have to be overwhelming. By understanding the credential evaluation process, working with reputable online transcript services, and choosing the best transcript services in India, you can eliminate errors, save time, and move confidently toward your goals.

Whether you’re an international student, a skilled migrant, or a professional with global aspirations, start your education equivalency evaluation journey today and make your academic history count worldwide.

Download the World Document Services App

You may enjoy a hassle-free experience by downloading our mobile app from either the App Store or the Play Store. It works with both iOS and Android devices.

Download on Google Play Store

Download on Apple Store

[jungkookandyugyeomwhores]

Choosing the Right Orthopedic Surgeon in New Orleans

Choosing the right orthopedic surgeon can significantly impact your recovery and long-term health. In this guide, we explore how to select the best fit from among New Orleans orthopedic specialists. From board certification and surgical experience to communication style and hospital affiliations, we break down the key factors to consider. Whether you're dealing with chronic pain or preparing for surgery, this article will help you make an informed choice and feel confident in the care you receive.

Expert Care with New Orleans Orthopedic Specialists

When it comes to your musculoskeletal health, selecting the right surgeon is crucial. New Orleans orthopedic specialists offer a range of advanced treatments tailored to your unique needs, whether you’re recovering from an injury, managing chronic joint pain, or seeking a second opinion. These highly trained professionals combine years of experience with the latest medical technology to ensure you receive top-quality care close to home. By choosing a trusted orthopedic specialist in New Orleans, you're taking a vital step toward improved mobility and a better quality of life.

Verify Board Certification and Credentials

The first and most essential step is verifying that the orthopedic surgeon is board-certified. Certification from the American Board of Orthopaedic Surgery (ABOS) or an equivalent board indicates that the doctor has met rigorous standards in education, residency training, and ethical practice. In Louisiana, you can check a physician’s credentials through the Louisiana State Board of Medical Examiners.Credentials don’t just validate education; they also reflect a surgeon’s commitment to continuing education and staying current with the latest surgical techniques and research. In addition, look into their affiliations with professional organizations such as the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons (AAOS), which also signifies a high level of commitment to the field.

Identify Relevant Subspecialty Expertise

Orthopedics is a vast field with subspecialties ranging from spine surgery and joint replacement to sports medicine, pediatric orthopedics, and hand surgery. When choosing a surgeon, it’s essential to select one who specializes in treating your specific condition.For example, if you need a total knee replacement, a surgeon with a subspecialty in joint reconstruction will likely offer better outcomes than a generalist. Similarly, athletes recovering from ligament tears should look for a surgeon focused on sports injuries.In New Orleans, many orthopedic specialists operate within academic medical centers like Tulane University or hospital systems like Ochsner Health, where they often engage in research and advanced procedures that benefit patients.

Evaluate Experience and Surgical Volume

A surgeon’s experience significantly impacts patient outcomes. Studies consistently show that high-volume surgeons tend to have lower complication rates and more successful results. Ask how many times the surgeon has performed the procedure you need and what their success and complication rates are.Also, consider how long the surgeon has been practicing. While newer surgeons can be highly skilled, those with more experience might be better at identifying complications early and managing them effectively.In addition, some New Orleans-based surgeons participate in outcome tracking and quality improvement initiatives. If possible, seek out those who monitor their patient outcomes and use data to enhance care.

Experience and Specialization Matter

When selecting an orthopedic surgeon in New Orleans, it's essential to consider their experience and area of specialization. Orthopedic surgery covers a broad range of conditions—from sports injuries to joint replacements—so finding a surgeon who focuses on your specific issue can lead to better outcomes. Look for board certification, years of practice, and familiarity with the latest surgical techniques. Additionally, a surgeon affiliated with reputable hospitals or medical centers in New Orleans often has access to advanced technology and a network of skilled support staff, which can further enhance your care.

Explore Patient Reviews and Testimonials

While not a substitute for professional credentials, patient reviews can offer valuable insight into a surgeon’s bedside manner, punctuality, communication skills, and support staff. Look for patterns in the feedback. One or two negative reviews may not reflect the overall quality of care, but consistent complaints should be noted.In New Orleans, and even local Facebook groups or neighborhood forums can offer candid patient experiences. Additionally, testimonials from patients who underwent similar procedures can provide reassurance and help set realistic expectations.

Prioritize Communication and Bedside Manner

Surgery is a major life event, and your relationship with your surgeon plays a significant role in how confident and supported you feel throughout the process. During your initial consultation, note how well the surgeon explains your condition, answers questions, and listens to your concerns. Do they provide you with all treatment options, including non-surgical ones? Are they patient and respectful? A good orthopedic surgeon should be approachable, informative, and empathetic. Their ability to communicate clearly and involve you in decision-making will make the journey less stressful and more empowering.

Conclusion 

Finding the right orthopedic surgeon in New Orleans involves more than a quick online search. It requires thoughtful consideration of expertise, experience, and how well the surgeon aligns with your needs. By taking these factors into account, you’ll be better positioned to make a confident, informed choice—one that leads to a smoother recovery and a healthier, more active future.

[eliteexpertise0]

OPRA Exam Pathway: How to Become a Registered Pharmacist in Australia

If you're an internationally qualified pharmacist aiming to practice in Australia, the OPRA Exam full form(Overseas Pharmacist Readiness Assessment) is your key pathway—especially if you earned your pharmacy degree outside of countries like Australia, Canada, Ireland, New Zealand, the UK, or the USA.

The registration process, governed by the Australian Pharmacy Council (APC) and the Pharmacy Board of Australia, ensures that overseas pharmacists meet national standards in both knowledge and practice. This step-by-step guide will walk you through the complete OPRA registration journey, from eligibility to supervised practice.

Eligibility Criteria for the OPRA Exam

Before starting, ensure your qualifications meet the basic eligibility standards:

You must hold a pharmacy degree equivalent to at least 3 years of full-time study (if completed before January 1, 2006) or 4 years of study (if completed after that date). You must be eligible for pharmacist registration in your home country or another approved jurisdiction.

Step-by-Step Guide to OPRA Exam Registration

Step 1: Eligibility Check

Start with an Eligibility Check through the APC to confirm that your academic and professional credentials align with Australian standards.

Step 2: Sit the OPRA Exam (or Final KAPS)

Once eligible, proceed to the Skills Assessment Exam. There are two options depending on your timing:

KAPS Exam (Knowledge Assessment of Pharmaceutical Sciences) – available only until November 2024

OPRA™ Exam – launched March 2025 onward

The OPRA Exam evaluates your readiness in clinical pharmacy, patient care, and therapeutics using a modern, scenario-based approach.

Step 3: Request Your Skills Assessment Outcome

Once you’ve successfully passed the OPRA or KAPS exam, you can request a formal Skills Assessment Outcome from APC. This document is essential for both your provisional registration and visa applications (if needed).

Step 4: Apply for Provisional Registration & Begin Supervised Practice

With your Skills Assessment Outcome, you can apply to the Pharmacy Board of Australia for Provisional Registration. This allows you to begin supervised practice as part of the next stage of your registration journey.

Your supervised practice will take place under the guidance of a registered pharmacist in Australia, helping you develop practical, real-world pharmacy experience.

Conclusion

The introduction of the OPRA Exam preparation streamlines the registration process for international pharmacists by focusing on real-world pharmacy scenarios, patient safety, and therapeutic practice. From verifying your qualifications to supervised work experience, each step ensures you’re well-prepared to contribute to Australia’s healthcare system.