#Acute Kidney Failure Symptoms

[jacymark4321]

Understanding Acute Kidney Failure Symptoms: Recognition, Causes, and Management

Acute kidney failure, also known as acute kidney injury (AKI), is a sudden and potentially reversible decline in kidney function. Recognizing the symptoms of acute kidney failure is crucial for prompt diagnosis and treatment. Let's delve into the various aspects of AKI symptoms, including their recognition, underlying causes, and management strategies.

Recognition of Acute Kidney Failure Symptoms:

Decreased Urine Output: One of the hallmark signs of AKI is a reduction in urine production. Individuals may pass significantly less urine than usual or stop urinating altogether.

Fluid Retention: AKI can lead to fluid retention, causing swelling in the legs, ankles, feet, or face. This swelling, known as edema, occurs due to the kidneys' inability to properly regulate fluid balance in the body.

Fatigue: Feelings of tiredness or exhaustion, even with adequate rest, are common symptoms of AKI. Fatigue may result from electrolyte imbalances, anemia, or the accumulation of waste products in the bloodstream.

Shortness of Breath: Accumulation of fluid in the lungs, known as pulmonary edema, can cause difficulty breathing or shortness of breath. This symptom may worsen when lying flat and improve when sitting upright.

Nausea and Vomiting: Digestive symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, and loss of appetite may occur due to the buildup of waste products and toxins in the bloodstream. These symptoms can contribute to electrolyte imbalances and dehydration.

Confusion or Altered Mental Status: In severe cases of AKI, changes in mental function, confusion, or delirium may occur. These neurological symptoms may result from electrolyte disturbances or the accumulation of uremic toxins in the brain.

Chest Pain or Pressure: Chest pain or pressure may occur due to fluid buildup around the heart (pericarditis) or electrolyte imbalances associated with kidney dysfunction. These symptoms require immediate medical evaluation to rule out serious cardiac complications.

Causes of Acute Kidney Failure:

Acute kidney failure can result from various underlying causes, including:

Dehydration: Inadequate fluid intake, excessive fluid loss (e.g., diarrhea, vomiting), or conditions such as heatstroke can lead to dehydration and subsequent AKI.

Decreased Blood Flow to the Kidneys: Conditions that impair blood flow to the kidneys, such as low blood pressure (hypotension), heart failure, or severe infections (sepsis), can cause AKI.

Kidney Damage: Direct injury to the kidneys from trauma, medications, contrast dyes used in imaging tests, or certain toxins can lead to AKI.

Obstruction: Blockages in the urinary tract, such as kidney stones, tumors, or enlarged prostate glands, can obstruct urine flow and cause AKI.

Management of Acute Kidney Failure:

Identifying and Treating Underlying Causes: Prompt identification and treatment of the underlying cause of AKI are essential for managing the condition. This may involve addressing dehydration, optimizing blood pressure, discontinuing nephrotoxic medications, or relieving urinary tract obstructions.

Fluid and Electrolyte Management: Maintaining fluid and electrolyte balance is crucial in AKI management. Intravenous fluids may be administered to restore hydration and support kidney function. Electrolyte imbalances, such as hyperkalemia (high potassium levels) or hyponatremia (low sodium levels), require close monitoring and appropriate interventions.

Nutritional Support: Adequate nutrition is important for individuals with AKI, especially those experiencing nausea, vomiting, or loss of appetite. A registered dietitian can provide personalized dietary recommendations to meet nutritional needs while minimizing stress on the kidneys.

Monitoring and Dialysis: Close monitoring of kidney function, fluid status, and electrolyte levels is essential in AKI management. In severe cases, hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis may be necessary to remove waste products and excess fluid from the bloodstream.

Preventive Measures: Taking preventive measures to avoid dehydration, maintaining a healthy lifestyle, and avoiding nephrotoxic medications or substances can help reduce the risk of AKI. Regular medical check-ups and monitoring kidney function in individuals at risk for AKI can aid in early detection and intervention.

Conclusion:

Recognizing the symptoms of acute kidney failure is crucial for prompt diagnosis and treatment. From decreased urine output to fluid retention, fatigue, and neurological symptoms, AKI symptoms can vary depending on the underlying cause and severity of the condition. Early identification and management of AKI, including addressing underlying causes, fluid and electrolyte management, nutritional support, and close monitoring, are essential for improving outcomes and preventing complications. If experiencing symptoms suggestive of AKI, it's important to seek immediate medical attention for proper evaluation and treatment.

[kidneytreatment01]

Kidney Disease Remedies: Natural Approaches to Kidney Health

People suffering from chronic renal impairment require specific diet modifications to manage their condition effectively. A chronic renal failure diet typically comprises:

Limiting sodium intake can help manage blood pressure and maintain fluid balance.

The Controlled Intake of Proteins: limiting protein intake is crucial to stop the buildup of waste substances in the blood.

Potassium as well as Potassium Control: Monitoring and restricting foods high in potassium and phosphorus can assist in avoiding the complications of chronic kidney disease.

Fluid Management: Managing the intake of fluids is essential since excessive fluid could stress the kidneys.

In conclusion, kidney disease is a severe condition that can alter your life; however, natural cures and numerous kidney treatment are readily available to treat the problem. A healthy diet for kidneys, along with herbal supplements and lifestyle modifications, can be used in conjunction with medical treatments to stop the development of kidney disease and improve general well-being. If you suffer from chronic renal disease, following the proper diet is crucial in improving your health and reducing the risk of complications. Talk to kidney specialists to develop a customized treatment plan that meets your individual's specific needs and helps ensure that your kidneys are in good health.

[alfakidneycare]

हमारी किडनी शरीर में संतुलन बने रखने के कई कार्यों का निष्पादन करती हैं। वे अपशिष्ट उत्पादों को फिल्टर करके पेशाब से बहार निकालते हैं एवं निष्कासन करते हैं वे शरीर में पानी की मात्रा, सोडियम, पोटेशियम और कैल्शियम की मात्रा (इलेक्ट्रोलाइट्स) को संतुलित करते हैं। वह अतिरिक्त अम्ल एवं क्षार निकालने में मदद करते हैं जिससे शरीर में रसिद एवं क्षार का संतुलन बना रहता है। शरीर में किडनी का मुख्य कार्य सुन का शुद्धिकरण करना है जब बीमारी के कारण दोनों किडनी अपना सामान्य कार्य नहीं कर सके, तो किडनी की कार्यक्षमता कम हो जाती है। जिसे हम किडनी फेल्योर कहते हैं।

[covid-safer-hotties]

Insulin Resistance in Long COVID-19 Syndrome - Published Aug 28, 2024

Abstract Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has caused severe health issues worldwide and contributed to huge financial losses. Key comorbidities linked to an increased risk of severe COVID-19 and higher mortality rates include cardio-metabolic disorders such as type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T1DM and T2DM), atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, chronic kidney disease, hypertension, heart failure, and obesity. The persistence of symptoms even after the acute phase is over is termed long COVID-19 syndrome. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between long COVID-19 syndrome and the development of insulin resistance in previously non-diabetic patients. Methods: A prospective observational study was performed on 143 non-diabetic patients who had tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 infection by a PCR test and were hospitalized in our hospital between January 2020 and December 2022. The clinical and para-clinical data at 0, 4, and 12 months of hospital admission for post-COVID-19 infection follow-up was collected and labeled as t0, t4, and t12. Blood glucose, insulin, and C-peptide levels were measured at the beginning and further at 2, 5, 10, and 30 min after the intravenous arginine stimulation test. Similarly, BMI was calculated, and hs-CRP and ESR levels were noted. The results obtained were statistically analyzed. Results: More than one-third (30.7%) of the included patients developed long COVID-19 syndrome. It was found that 75% of patients with long COVID-19 hospitalized in our clinic developed diabetes within a year of acute infection with COVID-19; therefore, it can be said that the presence of long COVID-19 is a major risk for an altered metabolic status, which can cause diabetes. When comparing the glycemia levels (106 mg/dL) with the BMI at t0, t4, and t12 time intervals, the p-values were found to be 0.214, 0.042, and 0.058, respectively. Almost 62% of the patients having BMI > 30 kg/m2 were found to have an increase in blood glucose levels at 1 year. Similarly, insulin resistance was noted during this interval. A negative correlation of 0.40 for hsCRP and 0.38 for ESR was noted when compared with acute infection with COVID-19. Conclusions: The association between long COVID-19 and insulin resistance highlights the varied and widespread impacts of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Addressing the complexities of long COVID-19 requires a holistic strategy that encompasses both respiratory and metabolic considerations, which is crucial for enhancing the well-being of those enduring this persistent condition.

[fooltemps]

Leukemia and Lymphoma Awareness Flags!!

This flag was designed by us, as we currently have a family member with Leukemia and wish to bring awareness to this kind of cancer.

color meaning:

#FF2D34: Myeloma

#00DC0E: Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma

#FF8C2E: Leukemia

#D12DFF: Hodgkin Lymphoma

Below is information all about Leukemia and Lymphoma Cancers.

Leukemia and Lymphoma are both cancers that are not associated with a tumor. Lymphomas are cancers that affect the lymph system and start in cells called lymphocytes. Leukemia is a cancer of the early blood-forming tissues, including your bone marrow and lymph system.

There are many types of lymphoma. Some grow and spread slowly and some are more aggressive. There are two main types of Lymphoma:

1. Hodgkin Lymphoma is cancer that starts in the B lymphocytes (B cells) of the lymph system. Your lymph system helps you fight infection and control the fluids in your body.

2. Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma (NHL) is cancer that starts in the lymphocytes anywhere lymph tissue is found:

Lymph nodes

Spleen

Bone marrow

Thymus

Adenoids and tonsils, or

The digestive track.

Leukemia typically involves white blood cells, the cells that are your infection fighters. Leukemia can be divided into categories: fast growing (acute) and slow growing (chronic); and by which white blood cells are affected:

Acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL)

Acute myelogenous leukemia (AML)

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL

Chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML)

A screening test is used to detect cancers in people who may be at higher risk for developing the disease. With leukemia and lymphoma, there are no early detection tests. The best way to find them is to be aware of the symptoms:

Swollen lymph nodes which can appear as a lump in the neck, armpit or groin;

Fever

Night sweats

Weight loss without trying, and

Fatigue.

Leukemia can have similar symptoms but also can include:

Easy bleeding or bruising;

Recurring nosebleeds; and

Bone pain or tenderness

Myeloma is cancer of the plasma cells. Plasma cells are white blood cells that produce disease- and infection-fighting antibodies in your body. Myeloma cells prevent the normal production of antibodies, leaving your body's immune system weakened and susceptible to infection. The multiplication of myeloma cells also interferes with the normal production and function of red and white blood cells. An abnormally high amount of these dysfunctional antibodies in the bloodstream can cause kidney damage. Additionally, the myeloma cells commonly produce substances that cause bone destruction, leading to bone pain and/or fractures.

Myeloma cells are produced in the bone marrow, the soft tissue inside your bones. Sometimes myeloma cells will travel through your blood stream and collect in other bones in your body. Because myeloma frequently occurs at many sites in the bone marrow, it is often referred to as multiple myeloma.

Signs and symptoms of myeloma include the following:

Hypercalcemia (excessive calcium in the blood)

Anemia (shortage or reduced function of red blood cells)

Renal damage (kidney failure)

Susceptibility to infection

Osteoporosis, bone pain, bone swelling, or fracture

High protein levels in the blood and/or urine

Weight loss

In 2022, more than 62,650 people are expected to be diagnosed with leukemia. In addition:

Leukemia accounts for 3.6% of all new cancer cases.

The overall 5-year survival rate for leukemia has more than quadrupled since 1960.

62.7% of leukemia patients survive 5 years or more.

The diagnosis of leukemia requires specific blood tests, including an examination of cells in the blood and marrow.

Treatment and prognosis depend on the type of blood cell affected and whether the leukemia is acute or chronic. Chemotherapy and blood and marrow transplant are often used to treat leukemia.

If you wish to read more about Leukemia and Lymphoma cancer, please visit this website!

[mycoblogg]

FOTD #027 : poison fire coral! (podostroma cornu-damae)

poison fire coral is a coral fungus in the family hypocreaceae. this fungus is native to korea & japan, but has recently been spotted in papua new guinea, indonesia & some parts of australia !!

the big question : it is edible?? NOT AT ALL >:-( this fungus is fatally toxic & contains several strong mycotoxins. (more info below the cut if you want to see)

p. cornu-damae description :

"the poison fire coral consists of a coral-like fruit body. the arms of the coral are orange to bright red & grow vertically from the ground."

[images : source, source & source] [fungus description : done by me, since i could not find a description online]

"fun" fact : ''symptoms associated with consumption of this fungus include stomach pains, changes in perception, decrease in the number of leukocytes & thrombocytes, peeling skin on the face, hair loss, & shrinking of the cerebellum, resulting in speech impediment & problems with voluntary movement. in another instance, an autopsy revealed multiple organ failure, including acute kidney failure, liver necrosis & disseminated intravascular coagulation.''

[pandemic-info]

I teach patho to nursing students. Every semester since spring of 2020, I have taught about Covid. And every semester to have to change my lecture to keep up with new data. I was teaching Covid this semester and I told them that if nothing else, understand the science.

I explained how Covid attaches to ACE2 receptors in the nose, throat, heart, kidneys, and gut first. That’s why you see a runny nose, sore throat, myocarditis and acute kidney failure first. There aren’t as many ACE 2 receptors in the lungs, so Covid hits the lungs later.

That’s why you see lag time between initial infection and respiratory symptoms. More importantly, I explained that Covid is not just a lung disease, it is a massive systemic inflammatory response to the virus. Covid also upregulates a protein called bradykinin, causing clots.

If nothing else, I told them to think of Covid as huge inflammatory process that causes injury, scarring and clots to form everywhere. That’s why we are seeing so many strokes, MIs, weird liver failure in peds, bowel ischemia, and long Covid. It all points to chronic inflammation. There is no immunity as the variants keep changing, kind of like the flu, which is why we get flu shots every year. We’ve just let this run rampant, so a slew of Covid variants keep popping up, rendering treatments less effective.

The worst part of this was when one student said that their parents had gotten Covid and asked how to keep them safe from the complications. Another student piped in and said she had Covid 3 times and was she at risk too? It was my moment of reckoning. I realized that there wasn’t much I could say except to protect themselves with masks, vaccinations, and to try not to get Covid again. I told them that if they had Covid, they were at higher risk of long Covid and lantern complications. There was nothing to be done.

Except to protect themselves going forward. After that there was silence. One of my students then said how disappointed in government and public health leaders he was. Another told me she was disappointed in her professors and her school for not being more vigilant.

I told them that as long as they understood the patho of the disease, they could guard against misinformation. I told them to educate their families and patients about the science, not the rumors. This left me feeling so sad. What have we done?

If I can teach this to first semester nursing students, why couldn’t we have taught this to everyone? People do not understand the disease and no one bothers to explain it. Perhaps that’s why we have failed so miserably.

We need to backtrack and explain the disease before we start talking about immunity debt (a non issue) and endemicity. My students are so young. It’s heartbreaking.

via Kali

[transcendentalmaggot]

When I was 26, I contracted sepsis twice within an 18 month period due to kidney infections from certain particularities of my birth defects and the many surgeries I’ve had my lifetime. I had overextended myself when I already felt sick and foolishly went on a weekend vacation with my friends. By Tuesday, I was unable to lower even a persistent fever of 102 and went to see my PCP, who immediately wanted to call me an ambulance as my heart rate was extremely high and I could barely exist. In my infinite and foolhardy wisdom, more like stubbornness about being stuck with a bill for thousands of dollars, convinced him to let him drive me immediately to the ER. When I entered, I lost my breath and passed out before being immediately whisked into the monitoring room for cardiac issues. My EKG was awful - low blood pressure, high fever, high heart rate, muscle weakness and fatigue… all signs of sepsis. Of course because I was honest with them about my weekend debauchery. They immediately assumed I was having a reaction to cocaine use.. from an event that happened two days prior. I’ve done cocaine exactly one time in my life in my early twenties and I have no interest in using it again. I was thankfully treated with antiobiotics but experienced the worst full body pain I can possibly imagine. My high potassium levels from acute kidney failure caused my muscles to contract but did not allow them to relax. I shook constantly, full body shivering as if submerged in ice water. Even once my kidney infection was diagnosed, they still discharged me with a diagnosis of anticholinergic syndrome, or an overdose of OTC allergy medicine. It’s rare and would not have caused my symptoms but they were dead set on it having to do with drugs despite testing me extensively. When I went for my follow up with a nephrologist I greatly admire she immediately had that diagnosis removed from my records somehow since there was no evidence for that conclusion. They spent almost $600 drug testing me for everything you can possibly imagine. Even though the tests proved I had spoken the truth, I still felt that giant well of shame.

Anyway, my friends I went on vacation with asked how I was doing since I said I might go to the ER and this picture was my only response until I re-emerged several weeks later.

[macgyvermedical]

Writing/cranky at my DM question: how would you care for a patient presenting with disorientation (confusion about year, where they are, and who you are as the treating professional; though no visible or reported head injuries, may be intoxicated) and a foot long, though no deeper than the subcutaneous tissue, animal slash across the chest? Particularly if patient is protesting removal of clothing and is struggling with you nonviolently (squirming, turning away, pleading with you to stop). No MRI or modern sophisticated testing equipment is available, nor are topical analgesics; sutures, antibiotics, and ingestible painkillers (laudanum, opium-based kinds of things) are accessible. You do have coworkers available to you, and restraints if needed. I'd appreciate if you'd let me know how you'd approach bedside manner here, too! Thank you!

Well, the most concerning thing going on here is the disorientation, so I'd want to figure that out the best I could. I'd also want to do a detailed primary and secondary assessment to determine everything else that was wrong with the patient before determining what order things should be treated in. I have described these assessments in other posts.

As for the wriggling around- mostly you'd just want to remind the person who you are, that you are a friend, that you are trying to help, and given them some time to calm down if nothing looks like it's immediately going to kill them (which from what you describe nothing does).

Then once I'd done my assessments I'd want to figure out that disorientation piece.

The following is a list of common problems that can cause a change in mental status:

Alcohol/Substance Abuse/Overdose

Acidosis (metabolic or respiratory problems causing a buildup of acid in the blood)

Blood Sugar (high or low)

Environmental Injury (hypo or hyperthermia, dehydration)

Epilepsy (or another seizure disorder)

Electrolytes (high or low sodium, calcium, potassium, etc....)

Infection (sepsis, high fever, or a brain infection)

Oxygen (low blood oxygen concentration)

Psychogenic (psychogenic seizures, psychosis)

Poisons

Stroke

Shock

Trauma

Uremia (kidney dysfunction)

Noting that the following is not comprehensive, you can somewhat narrow it down using a few simple tests:

Taking only vital signs that you can do without equipment (pulse, respiration, capillary refill, skin temperature/color/moisture) you can say if it is likely that the person is in shock (high pulse, long cap refill, sweaty pale mottled skin). If the pulse is irregular it may point to an electrolyte cause. If the person has a seizure disorder or known blood sugar problem it is more likely to be that (people with high blood sugar are typically thirsty and hot, low blood sugar cold, irritable, and sweaty). If the person is breathing very deeply it is more likely to be acidosis of some kind.

Where the person was when the mental status changes started may allude to hypothermia or hyperthermia depending on how hot or cold it was. If the symptoms resolve quickly after removal from a particular environment or the person is having trouble breathing (breathing quickly or shallowly, showing retractions (the skin pulls in around the ribs) may point to oxygen deprivation as the cause.

If they have a psych history, I'd also consider psychosis as a possibility. Poisons have a lot of different manifestations, but things like carbon monoxide ("cherry" red appearance to skin), cyanide (bluish skin and *may* smell like fake almond flavor), phosgene (smells like musty hay), opioids (pinpoint pupils), and acetaminophen (acute liver failure and jaundice) have some characteristic symptoms.

For uremia you wouldn't necessarily be able to tell unless you recorded urine output- if not a lot is coming out, there's either a kidney problem (kidney infection, kidney failure- especially if accompanied by electrolyte problems and swelling), or severe dehydration (accompanied by thirst, headache, nausea, malaise).

Treating these things is a whole other matter and beyond the scope of this post.

Then of course you also mentioned your DM, so also possibly magic of some kind?

Basically, don't really try to fight the patient- you can do a lot of this later. The goal is to figure out what the most pressing issues are, treat them if necessary, and then later figure out the chest situation.

As far as the cut on the chest, it would need cleaned very well with clean water. It does not have to be sterile, but definitely something your characters would be comfortable drinking.

If it was gaping less than about a centimeter and less than a centimeter deep, you can close it with a non-occlusive closure. Something like strips of tape laid perpendicular to the cut, butterfly bandages, or other closures that hold the skin together but still let drainage out, then put a soft clean cloth or bandage over the area to prevent re-dirtying it.

If it was larger than this, your characters could take long strips of cloth, wet them with clean water, and pack them into the wounds. Cover these with clean dressings or cloth. They will wick out drainage and remaining debris and help the wound close from the bottom up. Change about once a day, more if drainage is copious.

Here is a post with more on improvised wound dressing. I have absolutely written several posts on packing wounds but none are coming up right now or I'd link them.

[i-can-even-burn-salad]

Happy STS!

What special knowledge or research was required to write your story? (If you have more than one, pick whichever you would like to talk about!)

*closes multiple tabs about acute kidney failure symptoms, traumatic brain injuries and dehydration* uhhhh let's see.

Most of all I researched about blindness, hands down. Which wasn't always easy. Many tropes in fiction aren't seen too favorable, and many other posts - writing advice or not - not really applicable to my kind of fantasy writing, but at least I can now send a message to my company group chat without looking at my phone.

Unfortunately, I don't feel like I am in a position to be talking about it, so *shrug*

Lots of other things I looked into were not required, and/or I read some articles and watched some videos and then kept it vague on purpose anyway, because I am sure I will get something wrong. For example glassblowing for Glass Shards & co, or candy making for the wip that hasn't even been started.

I did make a few fires with fire steel, does that count 😂

Anyway, it's been a week, and I can't think of anything better, so into the queue it goes.

[mcatmemoranda]

Leukocytes or nitrites present 75% sensitivity and 82% specificity; all you need for simple cystitis

Culture positive if >10^5 CFU or 10^2 CFUs with symptoms; necessary for pyelonephritis/complicated UTI

CT will show obstruction, calculi, gas-forming infections

Men: STI, prostatitis, urethritis

Tx: Macrobid 100 mg x5 days, Bactrim DS bid x3 days

Pyelo: FQs, CTX, zosyn, cefepime if low risk for MDR

Meropenem, IV FQs, CTX, zosyn, cefepime for high risk MDR

Recurrent UTIs: pyridium, post coital abxs, urogyn referral, daily ppx with Bactrim, Macrobid, or Keflex

Pyelo f/u: PRN, urology, or urogyn f/u

Highest prevalence among uncircumcised males <3 months

In peds pts, enterococcus is not a contaminant in the urine culture as it typically is in adults

You want to avoid renal scarring; any other organism other than E.coli has increased risk of causing renal scarring in kids

US recommended in kids <2 years with first febrile UTI, any age with recurrent UTI, any age with fam hx of kidney/uro disease, poor growth, HTN, failure to respond to tx

Voiding cystourethrogram for anatomical eval and for reasons listed above

Simple cystitis tx:

Infants: cephalosporin; Keflex 50-100 mg/kg qd divided bid x5 days. Allergy? Can use Bactrim, Augmentin, rarely ciprofloxacin

Pts 1 month to 2 years: IV CTX, gentamicin; cefdinir 14 mg/kg qd divided bid x10 days

If no improvement in 48-72 hours, change abxs and pursue imaging

For infants, you need to do f/u imaging if not done in hospital

Pregnant women have acute cystitis, not simple cystitis because pregnant women are not simple

Abxs in pregnancy: beta lactam, Macrobid (not in first trimester), Fosfomycin; duration of therapy is 5-7 days

Bactrim avoided during pregnancy. Cefpodoxime is another one safe in pregnancy.

Pyelo in pregnancy: consider intraamniotic infection and placental abruption; it’s not an indication for delivery. Can tx with IV CTX or zosyn.

You have to recheck UA after treatment of asymptomatic bacteriuria in pregnant pts; 30% don’t clear it

Macrobid and Bactrim should be avoided in pregnancy; Macrobid more so in the first trimester; avoid Bactrim throughout pregnancy

Febrile neonate: tachypnea, irritability, cyanosis, poor feeding; <1% of term infants have UTIs. Limited data for preterm infants.

Term infants tend to get E. coli. In preterm infants, coagulase neg staph and Klebsiella are more common; really small premies can have candida.

Hematogenous spread can occur in premies.

Neonates: UA, culture, blood culture, lumbar puncture; imaging, voiding cystourethrogram

Broad spectrum abxs in babies: Ampicillin and gentamicin for 10 to 14 days

CTX can increase serum free bilirubinà increased jaundice

Kids can have impaired renal growth that resolved

Catheter Associated UTI = CAUTI; no need to screen unless pt is symptomatic

Pyuria is not enough to diagnose UTI in pts with indwelling catheters; you need a culture, which you compare to previous culture. Percutaneous nephrostomy tubes, stents – get urology involved. Tx with broad spectrum abxs until you get culture results. Tx 7-14 days. Levofloxacin x5 days if not severely ill; 3 days for pts under 65 w/o upper UTI sxs

For transplant pts, there’s more resistance to cipro and Bactrim

For transplant pts with simple cystitis: FQs, 3rd gen cephalosporins x10-14 days; zosyn, meropenem, cefepime if complicated and call ID

Do not screen (these are guidelines, not what we always do): peds pts, functionally impaired adults, long term care facility pts, diabetics, pts w/ renal transplants, pts with spinal cord injuries

[sayeedaqsa]

Understanding The Kidney Infection in Detail

Overview

You’re probably not on the lookout for indicators of a kidney infection all of the time. However, a urinary tract infection (UTI)

can lead to an infection in one or both kidneys, so it’s an ailment to keep an eye on. Once you have been diagnosed with UTI, it’s time to take care of your pair of kidneys. So think twice before skipping any of those antibiotics that your doctor has prescribed. Here is what you need to know about kidney infection symptoms

, where it hurt when you have one, and many more.

What is a kidney infection?

Urinary tract infection is the most common cause of kidney infection that can spread upwards and can affect one or both kidneys. The infection may be acute or persistent. They’re usually painful, and if they’re not treated very away, they can be fatal.

In most cases, the infection is caused by E.coli bacteria.

Pyelonephritis is the medical terminology for kidney infection.

Also, Read — Suffering UTI or Kidney Infection?- Here Is What You Need To Know

How long can you have a kidney infection without knowing?

You will have the symptoms of kidney infection after two to three days after infection. Do not neglect any of the initial symptoms as kidney infection can become deadly, if not treated in time.

Can a kidney infection go away on its own?

A kidney infection can lead to a life-threatening condition. You should seek medical advice

and get it treated. Otherwise, the complications include-

Kidney failure

Kidney damage

High blood pressure

Sepsis

Kidney abscess or pus formation

Also, Read — 7 Best Kidney Transplant Hospitals in India

How to treat kidney infection?

To alleviate the kidney infection symptoms, your healthcare provider

will prescribe

OTC (over-the-counter) pain medications like ibuprofen, and naproxen for the pain

Antibiotics to reduce the bacterial load

Drink as much fluid as possible till the color of your urine become pale. This will flush out the bacteria from your body.

Take ample rest to fight off the infection.

Do not take any medicines (pain killers with aspirin), as this can increase the chances of bleeding.

A serious kidney infection will almost certainly require hospitalization. In this situation, antibiotics and hydration will be administered by an intravenous (IV) injection or infusion.

Conclusion-By simply packing their medical travel in India

, renal treatment can substantially benefit the patient. We also offer a comprehensive range of counseling for coping with emotional challenges to our international patients.

How can we help in the treatment?

If you are in search of a kidney transplant treatment in India

, we will serve as your guide throughout your treatment and will be physically present with you even before your treatment begins. The following will be provided to you:

Opinions of expert physicians and surgeons

Transparent communication

Coordinated care

Prior appointment with specialists

Assistance in hospital formalities

24*7 availability

Arrangement for travel

Assistance for accommodation and healthy recovery

Assistance in emergencies

We are dedicated to offering the highest quality health care to our patients. At HealthTrip

, we have a team of highly qualified and devoted health professionals that will be by your side from the beginning of your journey.

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Journey to Renal Health: Living with Chronic Kidney Disease

Understanding Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) and Taking Care of It

Kidney health is crucial for overall health and well-being, and knowing the signs that indicate kidney issues is essential to avoid severe complications. Chronic kidney condition (CKD) or acute kidney injury (AKI) can cause kidney failure if untreated. The recognition of signs of kidney failure and having regular kidney function tests could help in the management of these conditions.

Journey to Renal Health: Living with Chronic Kidney Disease

Chronic kidney disease can be a chronic condition that develops slowly as time passes. The condition is usually only recognized in its final phases, so people must acknowledge typical signs of kidney failure. Early indicators of CKD are fatigue, trouble concentrating, and frequent urine leaks. As the disease progresses, more severe symptoms, like blood in urine, swelling in the legs and ankles, and elevated blood pressure, could be seen.

To detect CKD and track its progress, kidney function tests are vital. The most frequently used difficulty is determining the glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), which measures the kidneys' efficiency in removing blood-borne toxins. A blood test to check the creatinine level, an irritant from the metabolism of muscles, is an element of the diagnosis process. A decrease in eGFR or elevated creatinine levels could indicate chronic kidney disease.

Your Kidney Specialist: The Knowledge of a Renal Physician

Patients who suspect that they may have kidney issues or the risk factors for CKD, like the presence of diabetes or high blood pressure, should seek out a kidney specialist. Nephrologists are medical specialists who specialize in diagnosing and treating kidney problems. They can provide essential insights into the kidney's function and design an individual treatment plan that can reduce the progress of CKD and avoid kidney failure.

Alongside CKD, acute kidney injury is a severe separate problem that requires immediate care. Contrary to CKD, AKI is a rapid decline in kidney function, usually due to severe infections, dehydration, or toxic effects from drugs. Common kidney failure symptoms associated with AKI include decreased urine output and nausea, swelling, and confusion. It is essential to act quickly to stop further damage to the kidneys.

Recognising the Signs and Treatments of Kidney Failure

Kidney specialists play a crucial part in diagnosing or treating acute kidney injury. They utilize a variety of tests to identify the root cause, including urine and blood examinations, scans of the imaging as well as kidney biopsy. Recognizing the root of the issue is crucial for successful kidney treatment.

For CKD and AKI situations, therapy can include lifestyle changes and medications. Early detection by kidney function tests dramatically improves the likelihood of a good outcome and the quality of life of those affected by kidney disease.

Prevention of kidney problems is equally vital. Being healthy, managing chronic diseases such as hypertension and diabetes, and maintaining a healthy diet are crucial to ensure the health of kidneys. Regular visits to a healthcare doctor can help people monitor your kidney's function and spot possible issues before they become serious.

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Effective Kidney Failure Treatment Without Dialysis: Alternatives to Dialysis for Better Health

What are Kidney Diseases and Complications?

Kidney disorders refer to kidney conditions that impair kidney work, affecting the body’s ability to filter waste and manage liquid balance. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a common type that progresses slowly over time, often leading to more severe conditions like kidney failure if left untreated. Treatment for kidney failure may require dialysis or a kidney transplant, but it will be very painful; thus, many are seeking kidney failure treatment without dialysis as an alternative option.

High creatinine levels are a significant indicator of kidney dysfunction. Creatinine is a waste product produced by muscles, and the kidneys normally filter it out. High creatinine treatment is crucial in managing kidney diseases, as elevated levels may indicate the need for prompt medical intervention. Chronic kidney disease treatment typically involves medications, lifestyle changes, and dietary restrictions to slow disease progression.

Complications of kidney disease range from fluid retention to cardiovascular problems. Kidney disease can also lead to anaemia, bone disease, and neurological changes. Therefore, finding an effective cure for chronic kidney disorder is important for improving patient outcomes and quality of life.

How Do Kidney Patients Feel the Symptoms of Kidney Disease?

Symptoms of kidney disease are often subtle at first but become more pronounced as the condition worsens. Many people may not realise they have kidney disease until it has reached a more advanced stage. Early symptoms can include fatigue, swelling in the legs and ankles, and difficulty concentrating. 

As the condition progresses, patients may experience more severe symptoms, such as nausea, loss of appetite, and changes in urination patterns, such as increased frequency or blood in the urine. These signs often prompt individuals to seek kidney problem medication to manage their condition. One of the most telling symptoms is persistent high creatinine levels, which usually signals that the kidneys are not functioning optimally.

Patients with advanced kidney disease may experience more distressing symptoms, including chest pain, shortness of breath, and confusion, indicating the need for chronic kidney disease treatment. Addressing these symptoms early can help prevent the disease from advancing to kidney failure, which would then require more aggressive treatments like dialysis.

What Are the Causes of Kidney Disease?

Several factors can contribute to the development of kidney disease. The most common causes are diabetes and high blood pressure. These conditions damage the blood vessels in the renal, making it difficult for them to filter waste properly. In addition to these, chronic infections, autoimmune diseases, and genetic conditions can also lead to kidney problems.

One of the major issues in diagnosing kidney disease is that it often progresses silently, with high creatinine levels being one of the first detectable signs. This is why early high creatinine treatment is crucial. Individuals who already have risk factors like hypertension or diabetes should closely monitor their kidney health to avoid the need for more intensive treatments later on.

Infections, toxins, and certain medications can also damage the kidneys, leading to acute kidney failure. While some causes of kidney disease are beyond a patient’s control, adopting a healthy lifestyle can significantly reduce the risk of developing this disorder. If you want to stop the progression of the disease, You are suggested to adopt Treatment for kidney failure.

Is Kidney Disease a Painful Condition?

Kidney disease itself is not always painful in the early stages, but as it progresses, the discomfort can become more noticeable. Many patients report feeling fatigued and general discomfort, while some experience pain in the lower back or sides due to the buildup of waste products in the body.

In advanced stages, kidney disease can become a painful experience. Patients may feel discomfort from fluid buildup, which can lead to swelling and difficulty breathing. Some also experience severe pain as a result of complications like kidney stones or infections.

Treatments such as kidney problem medication or high creatinine treatment can help manage the condition and alleviate pain. However, when the disease reaches the stage of kidney failure, many patients may need to explore chronic kidney disease treatment options to relieve symptoms.

People seeking alternatives often look for kidney failure treatment without dialysis, aiming to reduce the pain and complications associated with traditional treatments. The good news is that ongoing research aims to discover new, less invasive ways to cure chronic kidney disease and manage symptoms more effectively.

Conclusion

Kidney diseases present a range of complications that can significantly impact the quality of life. From high creatinine levels to the need for chronic kidney disease treatment, managing the condition requires timely intervention and ongoing care. Understanding the Signs & symptoms, and causes of kidney disease is vital for early diagnosis and treatment. While kidney disease can become painful in its later stages, early cure for chronic kidney disease and lifestyle changes can slow its progression, offering hope for better management and even a cure.

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Best Kidney Stones Naturally: Home Remedies That Work!

A kidney stone refers to a hardened mineral mass. Some drinks and foods have chemicals that can cause painful crystals. Therefore, you can stay away from the following foods to prevent the formation of kidney stones.

Foods that can cause kidney stones:Animal protein:- Proteins like eggs, fish, poultry, chicken, pork, and red meat can increase the production of uric acid. These proteins can further reduce citrate which is a chemical present in your urine. Citrate eliminates the formation of kidney stones. Along with protein, you can switch to other alternatives like chia seeds, hummus, tofu, and quinoa.

Avoid salt:- If your body has high levels of sodium, it can promote the build-up of calcium in your urine. Avoid using additional salt in your food and keep an eye on the labels of some processed foods to keep a check on your sodium intake. Fast food can have high amounts of sodium. In addition, even some vegetable juices have a high concentration of sodium.

Oxalate-rich foods:- Many plant-based foods are rich in oxalate. However, it is best to avoid the following oxalate foods. 1] Beets 2] Okra 3] Cocoa powder 4] Rhubarb 5] Spinach 6] Raspberries 7] French fries 8] Stevia sweeteners 9] Cashews and almonds

10] Grits 11] Miso soup 12] Potatoes with skin that are baked.

13] Wheat and bran cereals. 14] Sweet potatoes.

Processed foods:-Phosphorus is a very common preservative and additive. Hence, you must limit your consumption of frozen foods, bottled colas, and fast foods.

Conclusion:Kidney stones can be very painful. Some of the foods that you need to avoid to prevent kidney stones are processed foods, oxalate-rich foods, salt intake, and animal protein. You contact Dr. Snehal Gaikwal of Swanand Kidney Clinic in Pune to learn more about how you can regulate your diet.

When kidneys stop working and fail to filter the body’s waste products, it is called kidney or renal failure. If the kidneys lose their ability to filter the waste products, then the waste will start accumulating. This situation will distort the chemical balance of the body. It is necessary to consult with the best kidney stone specialist in Pune to get early recovery from this situation.

Many are hardly aware that acute kidney or renal failure develops at a fast pace or in a few days. Persons suffering from acute kidney failure need to get proper kidney stone treatment in Pune. Otherwise, this can become life-threatening to the patient.

Initial Signs of Kidney Failure:

Most of the time, people cannot recognize the early signs of kidney or renal failure. Most of the time, it is hard to identify and subtle too. Persons need to consult with the best Urologist in Pune if they face problems like Reduction in urine output Retention of fluid that leads to inflammation in limbs Breathing problem Swelling of legs and ankles. Constant nausea

If any person suffers from those above symptoms, he needs to take advice from the doctors of Kidney Stone Hospital in Pune.