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hellsitesonlybookclub · 3 months

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It Can't Happen Here, Sinclair Lewis

THOSE who have never been on the inside in the Councils of State can never realize that with really high-class Statesmen, their chief quality is not political canniness, but a big, rich, overflowing Love for all sorts and conditions of people and for the whole land. That Love and that Patriotism have been my sole guiding principles in Politics. My one ambition is to get all Americans to realize that they are, and must continue to be, the greatest Race on the face of this old Earth, and second, to realize that whatever apparent Differences there may be among us, in wealth, knowledge, skill, ancestry or strength—though, of course, all this does not apply to people who are racially different from us—we are all brothers, bound together in the great and wonderful bond of National Unity, for which we should all be very glad. And I think we ought to for this be willing to sacrifice any individual gains at all.

Zero Hour, Berzelius Windrip.

BERZELIUS WINDRIP, of whom in late summer and early autumn of 1936 there were so many published photographs—showing him popping into cars and out of aeroplanes, dedicating bridges, eating corn pone and side-meat with Southerners and clam chowder and bran with Northerners, addressing the American Legion, the Liberty League, the Y.M.H.A., the Young People's Socialist League, the Elks, the Bartenders' and Waiters' Union, the Anti-Saloon League, the Society for the Propagation of the Gospel in Afghanistan—showing him kissing lady centenarians and shaking hands with ladies called Madame, but never the opposite—showing him in Savile Row riding-clothes on Long Island and in overalls and a khaki shirt in the Ozarks—this Buzz Windrip was almost a dwarf, yet with an enormous head, a bloodhound head, of huge ears, pendulous cheeks, mournful eyes. He had a luminous, ungrudging smile which (declared the Washington correspondents) he turned on and off deliberately, like an electric light, but which could make his ugliness more attractive than the simpers of any pretty man.

His hair was so coarse and black and straight, and worn so long in the back, that it hinted of Indian blood. In the Senate he preferred clothes that suggested the competent insurance salesman, but when farmer constituents were in Washington he appeared in an historic ten-gallon hat with a mussy gray "cutaway" which somehow you erroneously remembered as a black "Prince Albert."

In that costume, he looked like a sawed-off museum model of a medicine-show "doctor," and indeed it was rumored that during one law-school vacation Buzz Windrip had played the banjo and done card tricks and handed down medicine bottles and managed the shell game for no less scientific an expedition than Old Dr. Alagash's Traveling Laboratory, which specialized in the Choctaw Cancer Cure, the Chinook Consumption Soother, and the Oriental Remedy for Piles and Rheumatism Prepared from a World-old Secret Formula by the Gipsy Princess, Queen Peshawara. The company, ardently assisted by Buzz, killed off quite a number of persons who, but for their confidence in Dr. Alagash's bottles of water, coloring matter, tobacco juice, and raw corn whisky, might have gone early enough to doctors. But since then, Windrip had redeemed himself, no doubt, by ascending from the vulgar fraud of selling bogus medicine, standing in front of a megaphone, to the dignity of selling bogus economics, standing on an indoor platform under mercury-vapor lights in front of a microphone.

He was in stature but a small man, yet remember that so were Napoleon, Lord Beaverbrook, Stephen A. Douglas, Frederick the Great, and the Dr. Goebbels who is privily known throughout Germany as "Wotan's Mickey Mouse."

Doremus Jessup, so inconspicuous an observer, watching Senator Windrip from so humble a Boeotia, could not explain his power of bewitching large audiences. The Senator was vulgar, almost illiterate, a public liar easily detected, and in his "ideas" almost idiotic, while his celebrated piety was that of a traveling salesman for church furniture, and his yet more celebrated humor the sly cynicism of a country store.

Certainly there was nothing exhilarating in the actual words of his speeches, nor anything convincing in his philosophy. His political platforms were only wings of a windmill. Seven years before his present credo—derived from Lee Sarason, Hitler, Gottfried Feder, Rocco, and probably the revue Of Thee I Sing—little Buzz, back home, had advocated nothing more revolutionary than better beef stew in the county poor-farms, and plenty of graft for loyal machine politicians, with jobs for their brothers-in-law, nephews, law partners, and creditors.

Doremus had never heard Windrip during one of his orgasms of oratory, but he had been told by political reporters that under the spell you thought Windrip was Plato, but that on the way home you could not remember anything he had said.

There were two things, they told Doremus, that distinguished this prairie Demosthenes. He was an actor of genius. There was no more overwhelming actor on the stage, in the motion pictures, nor even in the pulpit. He would whirl arms, bang tables, glare from mad eyes, vomit Biblical wrath from a gaping mouth; but he would also coo like a nursing mother, beseech like an aching lover, and in between tricks would coldly and almost contemptuously jab his crowds with figures and facts—figures and facts that were inescapable even when, as often happened, they were entirely incorrect.

But below this surface stagecraft was his uncommon natural ability to be authentically excited by and with his audience, and they by and with him. He could dramatize his assertion that he was neither a Nazi nor a Fascist but a Democrat—a homespun Jeffersonian-Lincolnian-Clevelandian-Wilsonian Democrat—and (sans scenery and costume) make you see him veritably defending the Capitol against barbarian hordes, the while he innocently presented as his own warm-hearted Democratic inventions, every anti-libertarian, anti-Semitic madness of Europe.

Aside from his dramatic glory, Buzz Windrip was a Professional Common Man.

Oh, he was common enough. He had every prejudice and aspiration of every American Common Man. He believed in the desirability and therefore the sanctity of thick buckwheat cakes with adulterated maple syrup, in rubber trays for the ice cubes in his electric refrigerator, in the especial nobility of dogs, all dogs, in the oracles of S. Parkes Cadman, in being chummy with all waitresses at all junction lunch rooms, and in Henry Ford (when he became President, he exulted, maybe he could get Mr. Ford to come to supper at the White House), and the superiority of anyone who possessed a million dollars. He regarded spats, walking sticks, caviar, titles, tea-drinking, poetry not daily syndicated in newspapers and all foreigners, possibly excepting the British, as degenerate.

But he was the Common Man twenty-times-magnified by his oratory, so that while the other Commoners could understand his every purpose, which was exactly the same as their own, they saw him towering among them, and they raised hands to him in worship.

In the greatest of all native American arts (next to the talkies, and those Spirituals in which Negroes express their desire to go to heaven, to St. Louis, or almost any place distant from the romantic old plantations), namely, in the art of Publicity, Lee Sarason was in no way inferior even to such acknowledged masters as Edward Bernays, the late Theodore Roosevelt, Jack Dempsey, and Upton Sinclair.

Sarason had, as it was scientifically called, been "building up" Senator Windrip for seven years before his nomination as President. Where other Senators were encouraged by their secretaries and wives (no potential dictator ought ever to have a visible wife, and none ever has had, except Napoleon) to expand from village back-slapping to noble, rotund, Ciceronian gestures, Sarason had encouraged Windrip to keep up in the Great World all of the clownishness which (along with considerable legal shrewdness and the endurance to make ten speeches a day) had endeared him to his simple-hearted constituents in his native state.

Windrip danced a hornpipe before an alarmed academic audience when he got his first honorary degree; he kissed Miss Flandreau at the South Dakota beauty contest; he entertained the Senate, or at least the Senate galleries, with detailed accounts of how to catch catfish—from the bait-digging to the ultimate effects of the jug of corn whisky; he challenged the venerable Chief Justice of the Supreme Court to a duel with sling-shots.

Though she was not visible, Windrip did have a wife—Sarason had none, nor was likely to; and Walt Trowbridge was a widower. Buzz's lady stayed back home, raising spinach and chickens and telling the neighbors that she expected to go to Washington next year, the while Windrip was informing the press that his "Frau" was so edifyingly devoted to their two small children and to Bible study that she simply could not be coaxed to come East.

But when it came to assembling a political machine, Windrip had no need of counsel from Lee Sarason.

Where Buzz was, there were the vultures also. His hotel suite, in the capital city of his home state, in Washington, in New York, or in Kansas City, was like—well, Frank Sullivan once suggested that it resembled the office of a tabloid newspaper upon the impossible occasion of Bishop Cannon's setting fire to St. Patrick's Cathedral, kidnaping the Dionne quintuplets, and eloping with Greta Garbo in a stolen tank.

In the "parlor" of any of these suites, Buzz Windrip sat in the middle of the room, a telephone on the floor beside him, and for hours he shrieked at the instrument, "Hello—yuh—speaking," or at the door, "Come in—come in!" and "Sit down 'n' take a load off your feet!" All day, all night till dawn, he would be bellowing, "Tell him he can take his bill and go climb a tree," or "Why certainly, old man—tickled to death to support it—utility corporations cer'nly been getting a raw deal," and "You tell the Governor I want Kippy elected sheriff and I want the indictment against him quashed and I want it damn quick!" Usually, squatted there cross-legged, he would be wearing a smart belted camel's-hair coat with an atrocious checked cap.

In a fury, as he was at least every quarter hour, he would leap up, peel off the overcoat (showing either a white boiled shirt and clerical black bow, or a canary-yellow silk shirt with a scarlet tie), fling it on the floor, and put it on again with slow dignity, while he bellowed his anger like Jeremiah cursing Jerusalem, or like a sick cow mourning its kidnaped young.

There came to him stockbrokers, labor leaders, distillers, anti- vivisectionists, vegetarians, disbarred shyster lawyers, missionaries to China, lobbyists for oil and electricity, advocates of war and of war against war. "Gaw! Every guy in the country with a bad case of the gimmes comes to see me!" he growled to Sarason. He promised to further their causes, to get an appointment to West Point for the nephew who had just lost his job in the creamery. He promised fellow politicians to support their bills if they would support his. He gave interviews upon subsistence farming, backless bathing suits, and the secret strategy of the Ethiopian army. He grinned and knee-patted and back-slapped; and few of his visitors, once they had talked with him, failed to look upon him as their Little Father and to support him forever.... The few who did fail, most of them newspapermen, disliked the smell of him more than before they had met him.... Even they, by the unusual spiritedness and color of their attacks upon him, kept his name alive in every column.... By the time he had been a Senator for one year, his machine was as complete and smooth-running—and as hidden away from ordinary passengers—as the engines of a liner.

On the beds in any of his suites there would, at the same time, repose three top-hats, two clerical hats, a green object with a feather, a brown derby, a taxi-driver's cap, and nine ordinary, Christian brown felts.

Once, within twenty-seven minutes, he talked on the telephone from Chicago to Palo Alto, Washington, Buenos Aires, Wilmette, and Oklahoma City. Once, in half a day, he received sixteen calls from clergymen asking him to condemn the dirty burlesque show, and seven from theatrical promoters and real-estate owners asking him to praise it. He called the clergymen "Doctor" or "Brother" or both; he called the promoters "Buddy" and "Pal"; he gave equally ringing promises to both; and for both he loyally did nothing whatever.

Normally, he would not have thought of cultivating foreign alliances, though he never doubted that some day, as President, he would be leader of the world orchestra. Lee Sarason insisted that Buzz look into a few international fundamentals, such as the relationship of sterling to the lira, the proper way in which to address a baronet, the chances of the Archduke Otto, the London oyster bars and the brothels near the Boulevard de Sebastopol best to recommend to junketing Representatives.

But the actual cultivation of foreign diplomats resident in Washington he left to Sarason, who entertained them on terrapin and canvasback duck with black-currant jelly, in his apartment that was considerably more tapestried than Buzz's own ostentatiously simple Washington quarters.... However, in Sarason's place, a room with a large silk-hung Empire double bed was reserved for Buzz.

It was Sarason who had persuaded Windrip to let him write Zero Hour, based on Windrip's own dictated notes, and who had beguiled millions into reading—and even thousands into buying—that Bible of Economic Justice; Sarason who had perceived there was now such a spate of private political weeklies and monthlies that it was a distinction not to publish one; Sarason who had the inspiration for Buzz's emergency radio address at 3 A.M. upon the occasion of the Supreme Court's throttling the N.R.A., in May, 1935.... Though not many adherents, including Buzz himself, were quite certain as to whether he was pleased or disappointed; though not many actually heard the broadcast itself, everyone in the country except sheep- herders and Professor Albert Einstein heard about it and was impressed.

Yet it was Buzz who all by himself thought of first offending the Duke of York by refusing to appear at the Embassy dinner for him in December, 1935, thus gaining, in all farm kitchens and parsonages and barrooms, a splendid reputation for Homespun Democracy; and of later mollifying His Highness by calling on him with a touching little home bouquet of geraniums (from the hothouse of the Japanese ambassador), which endeared him, if not necessarily to Royalty yet certainly to the D.A.R., the English-Speaking Union, and all motherly hearts who thought the pudgy little bunch of geraniums too sweet for anything.

By the newspapermen Buzz was credited with having insisted on the nomination of Perley Beecroft for vice-president at the Democratic convention, after Doremus Jessup had frenetically ceased listening. Beecroft was a Southern tobacco-planter and storekeeper, an ex-Governor of his state, married to an ex-schoolteacher from Maine who was sufficiently scented with salt spray and potato blossoms to win any Yankee. But it was not his geographical superiority which made Mr. Beecroft the perfect running mate for Buzz Windrip but that he was malaria-yellowed and laxly mustached, where Buzz's horsey face was ruddy and smooth; while Beecroft's oratory had a vacuity, a profundity of slowly enunciated nonsense, which beguiled such solemn deacons as were irritated by Buzz's cataract of slang.

Nor could Sarason ever have convinced the wealthy that the more Buzz denounced them and promised to distribute their millions to the poor, the more they could trust his "common sense" and finance his campaign. But with a hint, a grin, a wink, a handshake, Buzz could convince them, and their contributions came in by the hundred thousand, often disguised as assessments on imaginary business partnerships.

It had been the peculiar genius of Berzelius Windrip not to wait until he should be nominated for this office or that to begin shanghaiing his band of buccaneers. He had been coaxing in supporters ever since the day when, at the age of four, he had captivated a neighborhood comrade by giving him an ammonia pistol which later he thriftily stole back from the comrade's pocket. Buzz might not have learned, perhaps could not have learned, much from sociologists Charles Beard and John Dewey, but they could have learned a great deal from Buzz.

And it was Buzz's, not Sarason's, master stroke that, as warmly as he advocated everyone's getting rich by just voting to be rich, he denounced all "Fascism" and "Nazi-ism," so that most of the Republicans who were afraid of Democratic Fascism, and all the Democrats who were afraid of Republican Fascism, were ready to vote for him.

CHAPTER X

WHILE I hate befogging my pages with scientific technicalities and even neologies, I feel constrained to say here that the most elementary perusal of the Economy of Abundance would convince any intelligent student that the Cassandras who miscall the much-needed increase in the fluidity of our currential circulation "Inflation," erroneously basing their parallel upon the inflationary misfortunes of certain European nations in the era 1919-1923, fallaciously and perhaps inexcusably fail to comprehend the different monetary status in America inherent in our vastly greater reservoir of Natural Resources.

Zero Hour, Berzelius Windrip.

MOST of the mortgaged farmers.

Most of the white-collar workers who had been unemployed these three years and four and five.

Most of the people on relief rolls who wanted more relief.

Most of the suburbanites who could not meet the installment payments on the electric washing machine.

Such large sections of the American Legion as believed that only Senator Windrip would secure for them, and perhaps increase, the bonus.

Such popular Myrtle Boulevard or Elm Avenue preachers as, spurred by the examples of Bishop Prang and Father Coughlin, believed they could get useful publicity out of supporting a slightly queer program that promised prosperity without anyone's having to work for it.

The remnants of the Kuklux Klan, and such leaders of the American Federation of Labor as felt they had been inadequately courted and bepromised by the old-line politicians, and the non-unionized common laborers who felt they had been inadequately courted by the same A.F. of L.

Back-street and over-the-garage lawyers who had never yet wangled governmental jobs.

The Lost Legion of the Anti-Saloon League—since it was known that, though he drank a lot, Senator Windrip also praised teetotalism a lot, while his rival, Walt Trowbridge, though he drank but little, said nothing at all in support of the Messiahs of Prohibition. These messiahs had not found professional morality profitable of late, with the Rockefellers and Wanamakers no longer praying with them nor paying.

Besides these necessitous petitioners, a goodish number of burghers who, while they were millionaires, yet maintained that their prosperity had been sorely checked by the fiendishness of the bankers in limiting their credit.

These were the supporters who looked to Berzelius Windrip to play the divine raven and feed them handsomely when he should become President, and from such came most of the fervid elocutionists who campaigned for him through September and October.

Pushing in among this mob of camp followers who identified political virtue with money for their rent came a flying squad who suffered not from hunger but from congested idealism: Intellectuals and Reformers and even Rugged Individualists, who saw in Windrip, for all his clownish swindlerism, a free vigor which promised a rejuvenation of the crippled and senile capitalistic system.

Upton Sinclair wrote about Buzz and spoke for him just as in 1917, unyielding pacifist though he was, Mr. Sinclair had advocated America's whole-hearted prosecution of the Great War, foreseeing that it would unquestionably exterminate German militarism and thus forever end all wars. Most of the Morgan partners, though they may have shuddered a little at association with Upton Sinclair, saw that, however much income they themselves might have to sacrifice, only Windrip could start the Business Recovery; while Bishop Manning of New York City pointed out that Windrip always spoke reverently of the church and its shepherds, whereas Walt Trowbridge went horseback-riding every Sabbath morning and had never been known to telegraph any female relative on Mother's Day.

On the other hand, the Saturday Evening Post enraged the small shopkeepers by calling Wmdrip a demagogue, and the New York Times, once Independent Democrat, was anti-Windrip. But most of the religious periodicals announced that with a saint like Bishop Prang for backer, Windrip must have been called of God.

Even Europe joined in.

With the most modest friendliness, explaining that they wished not to intrude on American domestic politics but only to express personal admiration for that great Western advocate of peace and prosperity, Berzelius Windrip, there came representatives of certain foreign powers, lecturing throughout the land: General Balbo, so popular here because of his leadership of the flight from Italy to Chicago in 1933; a scholar who, though he now lived in Germany and was an inspiration to all patriotic leaders of German Recovery, yet had graduated from Harvard University and had been the most popular piano-player in his class—namely, Dr. Ernst (Putzi) Hanfstängl; and Great Britain's lion of diplomacy, the Gladstone of the 1930's, the handsome and gracious Lord Lossiemouth who, as Prime Minister, had been known as the Rt. Hon. Ramsay MacDonald, P.C.

All three of them were expensively entertained by the wives of manufacturers, and they persuaded many millionaires who, in the refinement of wealth, had considered Buzz vulgar, that actually he was the world's one hope of efficient international commerce.

Father Coughlin took one look at all the candidates and indignantly retired to his cell.

Mrs. Adelaide Tarr Gimmitch, who would surely have written to the friends she had made at the Rotary Club Dinner in Fort Beulah if she could only have remembered the name of the town, was a considerable figure in the campaign. She explained to women voters how kind it was of Senator Windrip to let them go on voting, so far; and she sang "Berzelius Windrip's gone to Wash." an average of eleven times a day.

Buzz himself, Bishop Prang, Senator Porkwood (the fearless Liberal and friend of labor and the farmers), and Colonel Osceola Luthorne, the editor, though their prime task was reaching millions by radio, also, in a forty-day tram trip, traveled over 27,000 miles, through every state in the Union, on the scarlet-and-silver, ebony-paneled, silk-upholstered, streamlined, Diesel-engined, rubber-padded, air-conditioned, aluminum Forgotten Men Special.

It had a private bar that was forgotten by none save the Bishop.

The train fares were the generous gift of the combined railways.

Over six hundred speeches were discharged, ranging from eight-minute hallos delivered to the crowds gathered at stations, to two-hour fulminations in auditoriums and fairgrounds. Buzz was present at every speech, usually starring, but sometimes so hoarse that he could only wave his hand and croak, "Howdy, folks!" while he was spelled by Prang, Porkwood, Colonel Luthorne, or such volunteers from his regiment of secretaries, doctoral consulting specialists in history and economics, cooks, bartenders, and barbers, as could be lured away from playing craps with the accompanying reporters, photographers, sound-recorders, and broadcasters. Tieffer of the United Press has estimated that Buzz thus appeared personally before more than two million persons.

Meanwhile, almost daily hurtling by aeroplane between Washington and Buzz's home, Lee Sarason supervised dozens of telephone girls and scores of girl stenographers, who answered thousands of daily telephone calls and letters and telegrams and cables—and boxes containing poisoned candy.... Buzz himself had made the rule that all these girls must be pretty, reasonable, thoroughly skilled, and related to people with political influence.

For Sarason it must be said that in this bedlam of "public relations" he never once used contact as a transitive verb.

The Hon. Perley Beecroft, vice-presidential candidate, specialized on the conventions of fraternal orders, religious denominations, insurance agents, and traveling men.

Colonel Dewey Haik, who had nominated Buzz at Cleveland, had an assignment unique in campaigning—one of Sarason's slickest inventions. Haik spoke for Windrip not in the most frequented, most obvious places, but at places so unusual that his appearance there made news—and Sarason and Haik saw to it that there were nimble chroniclers present to get that news. Flying in his own plane, covering a thousand miles a day, he spoke to nine astonished miners whom he caught in a copper mine a mile below the surface— while thirty-nine photographers snapped the nine; he spoke from a motorboat to a stilled fishing fleet during a fog in Gloucester harbor; he spoke from the steps of the Sub-Treasury at noon on Wall Street; he spoke to the aviators and ground crew at Shushan Airport, New Orleans—and even the flyers were ribald only for the first five minutes, till he had described Buzz Windrip's gallant but ludicrous efforts to learn to fly; he spoke to state policemen, to stamp-collectors, players of chess in secret clubs, and steeplejacks at work; he spoke in breweries, hospitals, magazine offices, cathedrals, crossroad churches forty-by-thirty, prisons, lunatic asylums, night clubs—till the art editors began to send photographers the memo: "For Pete's sake, no more fotos Kunnel Haik spieling in sporting houses and hoose-gow."

Yet went on using the pictures.

For Colonel Dewey Haik was a figure as sharp-lighted, almost, as Buzz Windrip himself. Son of a decayed Tennessee family, with one Confederate general grandfather and one a Dewey of Vermont, he had picked cotton, become a youthful telegraph operator, worked his way through the University of Arkansas and the University of Missouri law school, settled as a lawyer in a Wyoming village and then in Oregon, and during the war (he was in 1936 but forty-four years old) served in France as captain of infantry, with credit. Returned to America, he had been elected to Congress, and become a colonel in the militia. He studied military history; he learned to fly, to box, to fence; he was a ramrod-like figure yet had a fairly amiable smile; he was liked equally by disciplinary army officers of high rank, and by such roughnecks as Mr. Shad Ledue, the Caliban of Doremus Jessup.

Haik brought to Buzz's fold the very picaroons who had most snickered at Bishop Prang's solemnity.

All this while, Hector Macgoblin, the cultured doctor and burly boxing fan, co-author with Sarason of the campaign anthem, "Bring Out the Old-time Musket," was specializing in the inspiration of college professors, associations of high-school teachers, professional baseball teams, training-camps of pugilists, medical meetings, summer schools in which well-known authors taught the art of writing to earnest aspirants who could never learn to write, golf tournaments, and all such cultural congresses.

But the pugilistic Dr. Macgoblin came nearer to danger than any other campaigner. During a meeting in Alabama, where he had satisfactorily proved that no Negro with less than 25 per cent "white blood" can ever rise to the cultural level of a patent-medicine salesman, the meeting was raided, the costly residence section of the whites was raided, by a band of colored people headed by a Negro who had been a corporal on the Western Front in 1918. Macgoblin and the town were saved by the eloquence of a colored clergyman.

Truly, as Bishop Prang said, the apostles of Senator Windrip were now preaching his Message unto all manner of men, even unto the Heathen.

But what Doremus Jessup said, to Buck Titus and Father Perefixe, was:

"This is Revolution in terms of Rotary."

#Hellsitesonlybookclub #bookblr #sinclair lewis

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languagenerd24601 · 9 months

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rebeccathenaturalist · 9 months

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Hey, so I live on unceded Chinook land. The Chinook never formally gave up the land around the mouth of the Columbia or Willapa Bay. They began getting hit hard by European diseases in the late 1700s, before Lewis and Clark ever arrived, and eventually the survivors of those communities in what is now south Pacific County headed further north up Willapa Bay to relatives up there.

When European settlers showed up in larger numbers in the mid-1800s, they assumed the land wasn't being used, so they took over pretty much everything; you still have descendants of some of these settlers who have large parcels of land here, to say nothing of all the timber interests in the area that control thousands more acres throughout the Willapa Hills.

The Chinook Indian Nation received federal recognition in 2001, but it was rescinded a year and a half later due to complaints from the Quinault Indian Nation. Since then, the Chinook have been unable to access much-needed resources from the U.S. government such as health care, housing and utilities. Federally recognized tribes receive these benefits and more, and many also have reservations; it is absolutely not an ideal situation nor is it anywhere near making up for the violent removal of indigenous people from their ancestral lands. But even these resources would have helped the Chinook a great deal over the past two decades, to include during the COVID pandemic.

The above petition is to urge the state of Washington to turn the old Naselle Youth Camp over to the Chinook Indian Nation. It would be a much larger and more stable headquarters, particularly as their current one is at risk from sea level rise and a potential earthquake and tsunami in the Cascadia Subduction Zone (which is a when situation, not an if.) Again, the NYC wouldn't undo all of the injustices over the past couple centuries and more, but it would be a step in the right direction on the part of Washington's government.

Even if you are not a resident of Washington, please show your support by signing this petition. U.S. folks can also contact their elected officials asking them to support the recognition of the Chinook Indian Nation.

Finally, here's a really good article outlining the history of Chinook recognition. And you can learn more about the Chinook's work toward recognition and how to help at http://www.chinookjustice.org.

#indigenous rights #indigenous people #Chinook #Chinook Indian Nation #Pacific Northwest #PNW #Washington #social justice #Chinook Justice

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antoniorichardsonblog · 1 year

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Chinook Indian Nation continues decades-long fight to be recognized by U.S. government

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keyshone3-blog · 1 year

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Top 6 Aerospace Companies in India and the Emergence of Aerospace Industry

Do you want to know about emerging Indian aerospace companies?

Do you want to know the top aerospace companies in India?

India is a country that made a remarkable contribution to the aerospace field and space research. Top aerospace companies in India have a vital role in the world aerospace market. Even though the aerospace industry in India made less improvement when compared with other competing countries.

In recent years many new companies are emerging in the aerospace field and many top aerospace companies in the world are starting up their office in India. This boom in the aerospace industry gives a lot of new promising projects in this field.

This growth shows that Indian companies will play a major role in future aerospace technologies in the world. Here are some of the top aerospace companies in India and their ongoing projects.

1. Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL)

HAL was started as a Hindustan Aircraft Company by an Indian industrialist Walchand Hirachand on 23rd December 1940. It was started with the aim of manufacturing aircraft in India.

In 1942 the government of India took over its management and major shares. In 1951 the company came under the Ministry of Defense.

In 1964 Hindustan Aircraft Limited and Aeronautics India Limited are amalgamated and named Hindustan Aeronautics Limited HAL started its business with the manufacturing of Harlow Trainer, Curtiss Hawk Fighter, and ‘Vultee Bomber Aircraft’ in collaboration with the InterContinental Aircraft Company of USA.

HT-2 Trainer aircraft was one of the first indigenously designed and manufactured aircraft by HAL this was a remarkable point in the history of the aerospace industry in India. Two seaters ‘Pushpak’, HF-24 Jet Fighter ‘(Marut)’, the HJT-16 Basic Jet Trainer ‘(Kiran)’, ‘Krishak’ are some of the other indigenously developed aircraft by HAL.

HAL has now actively involved in space research-related equipment for ISRO, Research, Repair, and overhauling of Gas turbine engines. Manufacturing of SUKHOI 30 MKI Aircraft with licensing from Russia, Research in composite materials, etc. Now it is one of the top aerospace companies in India.

2. Boeing India

Boeing took part in a major role in India’s civil aviation sector for a long time. The first airline in India Tata airlines was operated with a DC-3 aircraft. The world’s leading aerospace company is one of the top aerospace companies operating in India.

From 1940 Boeing was a part of the Indian Airforce also. Presently P-8I maritime surveillance, Boeing’s C-17 Globemaster strategic air lifters, and anti-submarine aircraft are playing an important role in India’s Defense sector.

Recently Boeing India took part in the research and development of indigenous aerospace and defense systems. Boeing is now made a partnership agreement with Tata Advanced Systems Limited (TASL) to develop Unmanned Ariel Vehicles.

Boeing started a plant in India to manufacture critical parts for the Chinook Heavy Lift Helicopters. Boeing is taking part in the research and development of modern technologies with the partnership of Indian organizations and universities.

Boeing India started collaborative research with National Aerospace Laboratories (NAL) in Bangalore, the Indian Institute of Science (IISc), and the Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Kanpur in the field of aerodynamics, materials, and sciences for structural alloys, smart materials, and structures, process modeling and simulation, etc.

3. BRAHMOS

In 1983 the government of India decided to start the Integrated Guided Missile Development Program. The aim of this project was to achieve self-sufficiency in missile technology and the developing of intermediate-range and short-range missiles.

In 1998 India and Russia came up with an agreement in the defense sector which made the way for the BRAHMOS. The word ‘BRAHMOS’ came from the first letters of the river Brahmaputra and Moscow.

The aim of this agreement was to develop the world’s only supersonic cruise missile system. Now BRAHMOS is the world leading brand in missile technology and a top aerospace company in India.

4. Team Indus

Team Indus is the Indian presence in the Google Lunar X Prize mission announced in 2007. By executing India’s first privately funded moon mission Team Indus is a newly emerged top aerospace company in India.

The Google Lunar X Prize is to develop low-cost space exploration robots. To win the prize the first privately funded team to place a spacecraft on the moon’s surface, travel 500 meters on the surface, and send back videos and photos from the moon.

Team Indus already developed the exploration robot and they got a reward of one million USD for testing their landing system. They are all set for landing the rover in Mare Imbrium, a vast lava plain on the moon.

5. Rolls Royce India

Rolls-Royce is a leading name in aircraft engines and aerospace manufacturers. The company was started as a car manufacturer in 1904. During the First World War, Rolls Royce designed its first aero engine ‘The Eagle’.

Rolls Royce India has engineering centers in Bangalore and Pune in India. Rolls Royce has a joint venture with HAL which manufacture engine components. The joint venture made Rolls Royce one of the top aerospace companies in India which manufacture components like compressor shrouds and cones for our gas turbines.

6. Bharat Electronics Limited (BEL)

BEL is a government of India-owned aerospace equipment manufacturer. The company is a part of India’s aerospace and defense sectors for six decades. The company was started in 1954 with the aim to develop indigenous technologies.

By providing radars used in Indian defense systems, weapon locating Radars, Battlefield surveillance radars, Communication devices, and Electronic equipment in missiles developed by DRDO, BEL became one of the top aerospace companies in India. Electronic warfare systems like Samyukta’s electronic warfare system, F-INSAS were also developed by BEL.

Article Source : https://www.keyshone.com/top-6-aerospace-companies-in-india-and-emergence-of-aerospace-industry/

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myrefersofficial · 1 year

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Major Countries Helping Turkey And Syria Combat The Severe Earthquake

Turkey and Syria have suffered devastating earthquakes and aftershocks. Monday's earthquakes and aftershocks killed thousands. Dozens of countries and organizations came forward, offering rescue efforts in southeastern Turkey and northwestern Syria. International mobilization and aid since the earthquakes are listed here.

World Bank Contributed $1.78 Billion To Help Turkey And Syria

After a huge earthquake killed over 20,000 people in Turkey and Syria, the World Bank pledged $1.78 billion to aid rescue and recovery. "We are giving immediate support and preparing a rapid evaluation of the urgent and vast requirements on the ground," said World Bank President David Malpass.

"This will highlight priority regions for the country's rehabilitation and reconstruction as we prepare activities to assist those needs," he added. The bank said two current Turkish projects would provide $780 million in Contingent Emergency Response Components. The Washington-based development lender said the aid would repair municipal infrastructure.

The 7.8-magnitude quake injured over 70,000 people in 10 southeastern provinces. The bank also said it was preparing $1 billion in activities to help victims recover and rebuild. Turkey's demands are "immense and span the whole gamut from relief to rehabilitation," according to World Bank Country Director Humberto Lopez.

United Nations Also Came Forward To Rescue The Earthquake Victims in Turkey

U.N. High Commissioner for Refugees Filippo Grandi expressed "solidarity" with victims in both nations, saying the U.N. agency was "ready to help give prompt support to the survivors through our field teams wherever possible". Secretary-General Antonio Guterres said U.N. staff were in Turkey and Syria to assess and help.

"We count on the international community to support the thousands of families devastated by this calamity, many of whom were already in severe need of humanitarian aid in difficult-to-access areas." The WHO sent trauma and emergency surgical kits and activated emergency medical teams.

Major Countries Helping Syria And Turkey Combat Earthquake After Effects

#1 United States

After a deadly earthquake in Turkey and Syria, the U.S. pledged $85 million for humanitarian help on Thursday. The U.S. Agency for International Development stated the funds would go to partners on the ground "to deliver urgently needed help for millions of people," including food, housing, and emergency health services.

USAID stated that the grant would help to ensure safe drinking water and sanitation to avoid disease. Secretary of State Antony Blinken spoke with Turkish Foreign Minister Mevlut Cavusoglu early Thursday to address NATO alliance needs. Officials said the U.S. supplied rescue crews, generators, water purification devices, and helicopters to Turkey.

USAID said dogs, cameras, and listening devices were used to search Adiyaman for survivors. It stated the U.S. military dispatched Black Hawk and Chinook aircraft to carry supplies after extensive road and bridge damage. The U.S. refuses to deal with Syrian President Bashar al-Assad because Washington wants accountability for civil war violations.

#2 Afghanistan

According to a foreign ministry statement, Afghanistan's Taliban government would send $166,000 to Turkey and Syria to aid the response to this week's magnitude 7.8 earthquake. Afghanistan is home to one of the U.N.'s largest humanitarian aid programs and serious economic and humanitarian crises.

The Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan announced a relief package of $111,024 and $55,512 to Türkiye and Syria, respectively, based on common humanity and Islamic brotherhood. Algerian newspaper Echorouk El-Yawmi claimed that Algeria deployed 210 tonnes of humanitarian aid and an 89-member civil protection team to Turkey.

#3 India

The Indian government announced two 100-person National Disaster Response Force teams with trained canine squads and search-and-rescue equipment. In conjunction with Turkish authorities, medical personnel and relief supplies were prepared. A 30-bed field hospital was set up in Adana on Wednesday by two medical aircraft.

#4 China

CCTV claimed that China sent a rescue team to Adana on Wednesday. 82 people and four search dogs brought 20 tonnes of supplies and equipment. According to CCTV, a Zhejiang-based rescue and search group also sent an advanced team to Turkey. CCTV reports that China will provide emergency aid to Turkey's first 40 million yuan ($5.9m).

#5 Germany

On Tuesday, Germany's Federal Agency for Technical Relief (THW) dispatched 50 rescuers to Turkey. International Search and Rescue Germany sent 42 professionals and seven dogs to Kirikhan, near Syria. Germany is preparing emergency generators, tents, blankets, and water purification equipment.

#6 European Union

E.U. crisis commissioner Janez Lenarcic said 27 search and rescue teams are searching Turkey for survivors. The 1,150 rescuers and 70 dogs came from 19 European nations, including non-EU members Montenegro and Albania. The EU Civil Protection Mechanism helps countries in need request emergency assistance.

#7 Greece

Greece sent Turkey a military cargo jet with 21 rescuers, two rescue dogs, a special rescue vehicle, a structural engineer, five physicians, and earthquake planning experts. Prime Minister Kyriakos Mitsotakis promised Turkey "urgent help" and condolences. Greece and Turkey have helped each other after disasters despite decades of antagonism.

#8 Israel

The Israeli army sent 150 engineers, medics, and relief workers to Turkey for search and rescue. Netanyahu claimed he approved help to Syria after "getting a request" through diplomatic channels since the neighbors have no official contact. Netanyahu told Likud legislators that Israel "got a request from a diplomatic source for humanitarian supplies to Syria."

#9 Pakistan

Pakistan sent its first rescue troops and aid to Turkey. The prime minister's office reported that a C-130 plane carrying a Pakistan army search and rescue crew left Chaklala airbase in Rawalpindi late Monday. The statement also said a 50-person rescue team and 25 tonnes of relief materials flew to Turkey on Pakistan International Airlines.

#10 Malaysia

Malaysian Prime Minister Anwar Ibrahim said a second professional rescue team would leave for Turkey. SMART will join a 75-person team in Gaziantep. Doctors and paramedics from the Ministry of Defence will establish a field hospital. Foreign Minister Zambry Abdul Kadir said he spoke to Turkish Foreign Minister Mevlut Cavusoglu for a detailed update.

#11 Qatar

Qatar Emir Sheikh Tamim bin Hamad Al Thani called Turkish President Erdogan to offer his condolences and help for the "sisterly" country "in alleviating the devastating humanitarian implications left by the earthquake," QNA reported. QNA stated that Qatar was flying search and rescue crews, vehicles, tents, and other supplies to Turkey.

#12 Russia

In phone discussions with Bashar al-Assad and Erdogan, Putin vowed to send Russian personnel to both nations. The defense ministry claimed 300 Syrian military troops were aiding the rescue. The emergency ministry is deploying rescuers to Syria. The Turkish president congratulated Vladimir Putin for his quick and heartfelt response.

Conclusion

Turkey and Syria are both facing a very tough time, and it's the human responsibility of all nations to help them rescue the remaining lives and to help them recover from the losses. May God help the countries recover their losses and the rescuers will safeguard more people.

#Turkey and Syria #earthquake in Turkey and Syria #servere earthquake #Major Countries Helping Syria And Turkey Combat Earthquake After Effects

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