#Plymouth Plantation

[utilitycaster]

the idea that Orym has a death wish has led to some of the most laughable meta I've seen. Orym tells his closest friend - who has a penchant for delightfully wild impulses, is possibly important to the enemy's plot, and is about to see her biological father, about whom she has all kinds of complicated feelings - to not take unnecessary risks and people are handing out pamphlets on "a Treatise on Orym's Belief in Doom; Being an Account of His Deep-seated Hypocritical Actions Regarding The Pact With Morrigan, Hag and Fatestitcher" and it's like. idk man maybe they're going to be separated in a very clearly dangerous scenario and she specifically is in an emotionally charged and tricky one and he is saying "be careful", a normal thing friends might say to each other.

[vox-anglosphere]

After a dangerous crossing, a third shipload of pilgrims lands in 1623

[vlkphoto]

Wampanoag Community Wigwam : Entrance and Interior .. [3 / 3]

At Plimoth Plantation, Plymouth, MA.

Swept panorama.

[britneyshakespeare]

This is just a map of New England (minus Connecticut the fake New England state)

[storiesofthestreetmp3]

old poc of different races interacting is so funny because it’s just microaggression after microaggression but. So sweet

[lrgabriel]

The First Thanksgiving: The Back Story

The First Thanksgiving: The Back Story

Of Plimoth Plantation by William Bradford “In this precious volume…is told the noble, simple story ‘of Plimoth Plantation.’ In the midst of suffering and privation and anxiety the pious hand of William Bradford here set down in ample detail the history of the enterprise from its inception to the year 1647. From him we may learn ‘that all great and honourable actions are accompanied with great…

[fatehbaz]

[The British imperial imaginary conceives] of Bermuda as a tiny paradise in the North Atlantic. But long before cruise ships moored up, prison ships carried hundreds of convicts to the island, first docking in 1824 and remaining there for decades. [...] [T]he use of Bermuda as a prison destination is less well known. For 40 years, British prisoners worked backbreaking days labouring in Bermuda’s dockyards and died in their thousands. [...]

[T]he notorious floating prisons known as hulks. [...] [I]n addition to locations across the Thames Estuary, Portsmouth and Plymouth, the British government used these ships as emergency detention centres in colonial outposts across the 19th century, detaining convicts in Bermuda between 1824 and 1863 and Gibraltar between 1842 and 1875. England has a long history of banishing its criminal population. In the 18th century, criminals were typically sentenced to seven years overseas in America. Many worked as plantation labourers in Maryland and Virginia [...]. Britain [...] turned to hulks to cope with rising [prison housing] numbers. Each could hold between 300 and 500 men, and they were nicknamed “floating hells” for their unsanitary and dangerous conditions.

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[T]he government felt that convict labour could be put to use in other colonies [in addition to Australia], and so began an experiment in 1824 to send men to Bermuda. [...] Though only 20 miles long, the island was already extremely important to naval strategy. It was used as a refuelling station for British ships travelling to colonial outposts such as Halifax, Nova Scotia and the Caribbean. But the naval dockyard needed modernisation, and rather than employ local workers, convicts - a cheap and easily mobilised workforce - filled the labour gap. [...]

[M]en lived on board the ships they had sailed on (seven in total). [...] Many were injured in the dockyards, others went blind from the reflected glare of the sun as they quarried white limestone. [...] They were burnt by scorching temperatures and suffered sunstroke [...]. Bermuda also received people convicted in other British colonies, including Canada and the Caribbean. During the years of the great famine in Ireland (1845 to 1852), thousands of Irish convicts arrived on the island, many suffering from malnourishment. [...] The experiment ended after 40 years, in 1863, when dockyard repairs were completed. The remaining hulks were scuttled or broken up for scrap, and convicts were transported to Australia and Tasmania, or home to England [...].

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Bermuda’s history as a prison island has been largely forgotten, but this story shares parallels with today. Prisons are suffering from overcrowding, and governments still detain prisoners and others on islands and modified ships. In Dorset, the Bibby Stockholm ship is housing asylum seekers [...].

The convicts who lived, worked and died in Bermuda are part of a larger global story of coercion and empire.

The product of their labour was imperial strength, but for those sent thousands of miles from home and buried in unmarked graves, the brutalities of their experience should also be remembered.

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All text above by: Anna McKay. "Britain's forgotten prison island: remembering the thousands of convicts who died working in Bermuda's dockyards". The Conversation. 27 March 2024. [Bold emphasis and some paragraph breaks/contractions added by me. Presented here for commentary, teaching, criticism purposes.]

[study-with-aura]

Wednesday, August 14, 2024

So much reading today! That is one thing about my curriculum that I love yet despise at the same time. It is heavily focused on reading and discussion of the reading. It also gives us questions that our readings don't always answer because we're supposed to research sources. I use Khan Academy for a lot of that to get more information, and usually, that gives me the answer I'm looking for.

But this is even more than 9th grade! I suppose that makes sense since it's now my second year in high school and more is expected at this grade level than before. But sometimes, my brain just wants the right answer to be in front of me and for there to be a right or wrong. But I know the way my curriculum works will prepare me better for university, at least according to my brother today when I was making faces at him because my eyes got tired. I have blue light glasses that I should wear more often, but sometimes, words start to blur either way.

However, I got everything done. I did decide to keep reading a fun book, so I am reading that during the long drive to dance since my brother, who is currently taking me, needs to focus on rush hour traffic anyway. People drive horrendously here!

Tasks Completed:

Algebra 2 - Reviewed linear inequalities

American Literature - copied vocabulary terms + read about the Puritans + read about William Bradford + watched video and read about the Mayflower Compact + read an article with excerpts from Bradford's "Of Plymouth Plantation" + took notes and answered questions + read about 7 critical reading strategies + read Chapters 5-6 of The Scarlet Letter by Nathaniel Hawthorne + read chapter notes

Spanish 3 - Reviewed numbers 1-100 + completed number spelling practice

Bible 2 - Read 2 Samuel 4-5

Early American History - Read about commerce and technological factors that influenced more voyage into the New World + answered study guide questions + read second part of “Christopher Columbus: Extracts from Journal”

Earth Science with Lab - Read “How Old is the Earth?”

Music Appreciation - Watched a video about the violin + watched a video about the flute + copied major necessary terms from the A section of the music dictionary

Khan Academy - Completed US History Unit 1: Lesson 4 (parts 1-2)

Duolingo - Studied for approximately 30 minutes (Spanish + French + Chinese) + completed daily quests

Piano - Practiced for two hours in one hour split sessions

Reading - Read pages 1-30 of Stateless by Elizabeth Wein

Chores -  None today

Activities of the Day:

Personal Bible Study (1 Corinthians 9)

Ballet

Variations

Journal/Mindfulness

[haggishlyhagging]

From the first settlement of Plymouth Plantation and Massachusetts Bay, wives came with their husbands or followed close behind. The Mayflower brought twenty-nine women and seventy-five men in 1620, and almost every ship arriving in Massachusetts in the following decades carried some women and children. Some of these women came reluctantly; Madam Winthrop kept postponing the trip to join husband John in Massachusetts Bay until he grew quite out of patience. Others changed their minds after they arrived. Young Mistress Dorothy Bradford's fatal plunge from the Mayflower as it lay at anchor off the bleak Plymouth shore was almost certainly no accident. But the women who settled in Massachusetts (or died in the attempt) in the first half of the seventeenth century were unique: they were probably the only Englishwomen who came to America before 1650 of their own volition. Most women were tricked or coerced. They didn't emigrate. They were shipped.

The first consignment of ninety single women was sent to Jamestown, Virginia, in 1620 at the urging of Sir Edwin Sandys, erstwhile highwayman and treasurer of the Virginia Company. Unlike the Massachusetts plantations, Jamestown had been established by a band of rogues and bachelor adventurers. Sandys shared Captain John Smith's opinion that the lack of wives and family attachments in the plantation made it unstable and easy prey to "dissolucon." The women were supposed to "make the men more setled & lesse moveable who by defect thereof (as is credibly reported) stay there but to get something and then return to England." When the women married, as they all soon did, their new husbands were required to defray the cost of their crossing to the tune of 120 pounds of good leaf tobacco. These young women reportedly came "upon good recommendation," and by 1621 when "an extraordinary choice lot of thirty-eight maids for wives" was sent, the price had risen to 150 pounds of tobacco. The men paid the sales price willingly; by 1622 all the maidens shipped—some 147 in all—were married. (By 1625, due to disease and Indian attacks, three-quarters of them were dead.)

How were these "young and uncorrupt" women persuaded to hazard a dangerous voyage to an uncharted country? Historian Carl Bridenbaugh found that the "means used to assemble them approached kidnapping." He cites the case of William Robinson, a chancery clerk, who was convicted in 1618 of counterfeiting the Great Seal of England. His racket was to use this false commission "to take up rich yeomen's daughters (or drive them to compound) to serve his Majestie for breeders in Virginia." Robinson was hanged, drawn, and quartered. What became of the yeomen's daughters is not noted. Owen Evans, a messenger for the Privy Council, ran a similar business. Pretending to have a royal commission, he extorted money for himself, or maidens for Virginia and Bermuda. Many a father must have been willing to sell his daughter rather than pay extortion to keep her. Superfluous daughters were the price men paid for the supernumerary sons who ensured continuation of the male line, and since England had become a Protestant country, fathers could no longer dump them in nunneries, which had been for Catholics as Milton observed—"convenient stowage for their withered daughters." Customarily, superfluous daughters had to be bought husbands, through a substantial dowry, or supported in idle spinsterhood. In seventeenth-century England, where basic family ties were more practical than affectionate, rich yeomen must have welcomed the patriotic alternative of bartering a daughter for the good of the empire. Bridenbaugh concludes that the Virginia Company's methods of recruitment "were such as to give the Company a bad name." He writes: "Women were transported to America after 1629 in considerable numbers by ruses and devices which will forever remain obscure."

-Ann Jones, Women Who Kill

[irish-dress-history]

Currently reading The Narrow Ground: The Roots of Conflict in Ulster by Anthony Terence Quincey Stewart, and as an American, I had to laugh at this:

The attempts of Sir Thomas Smith in 1571 and 1574 to create an English settlement in the Ards peninsula, with a walled city to be called Elizabetha, and of the Earl of Essex to make a similar settlement in Antrim, came to little; but the ‘Enterprise of Ulster’, as it was called, was a significant contribution to contemporary colonial theory, and bore fruit in the colonization of both Virginia and Massachusetts, and in the Jacobean plantation of Ulster which so overshadows it.

My dude, were you actually trying to imply that the early British colonies in Virginia and New England were a success? Tell me you've never studied American history without telling me you've never studied American history.

Roanoke, the first British attempt at a Virginia colony, is infamous because, a few years after the colony was founded, all 112+ colonists vanished, and we still don't know what happened to them. The second British colony in Virginia, Jamestown, founded in 1607, only survived its early years because of repeated resupplies of food and colonists from Britain. Jamestown was actually briefly abandoned in 1610 after almost 90% of the colonists starved to death. Attempt number three, Popham Colony, doesn't even make most American history books. Also founded in 1607, it was abandoned after just 14 months. The first British colony in the area to actually not fail was Plymouth Colony founded in 1620, a decade after the Plantation of Ulster (and even Plymouth had half of its original 102 colonists die within the first 6 months).

I'm not saying that you need to research American history to write a book about Ulster, but if you're not going to do the research, why mention it at all?

[horrorvillaintourney]

For the horror movie ask game:

🔪 - Which villain do you think you could take in a fight?

🔪 - What was the most disappointing horror movie you’ve seen?

🔪 - Who is your favorite final girl?

🔪 - What is the strangest horror movie you’ve ever watched?

I could outrun Michael Myers easy but I could take Norman Bates. I'd introduce them to transgenderism, and if that didn't work, Anthony Perkins spent his whole life looking like he was about to die of consumption. Norman's going down after one good punch.

Hereditary! Everyone hyped it up so much for me and it was like fine. It was like a less good Rosemary's Baby. I got bored. I am a hater at heart.

Hard question! Jade Daniels from the Indian Lake trilogy if we're allowed to count books. If not, probably a tie between Maxine from X and Laurie from Halloween.

Is it weird if I say Thanksgiving? It's a movie that feels like it was built on a dream, especially as someone who is from Massachusetts and has been to Plymouth. It's the strangest movie ever to me personally. They made no effort to edit out a city skyline from the background of the plantation despite that not being there. Literally the Onion has made a more accurate recreation of Plymouth. It's somehow the most secular Thanksgiving I've ever seen (by this I refer to the founding myth of Thanksgiving that the American Northeast is built on) and also the least secular Thanksgiving I've ever seen. I couldn't even finish it. There was a good actor doing the world's worst Boston accent and a ton of terrible actors doing no Boston accent. Good gore, maybe? Also that riot if it happened in Massachusetts before August 13, 2023 would have happened in a Christmas Tree Shop. I don't make the rules, I just have a lot of hometown pride and I know this to be true.

[beardedmrbean]

Supreme Court Justice Ketanji Brown Jackson’s marriage to her husband and familial history was dissected by The Washington Post in an article from Monday about slavery. 

The article was headlined, "Ketanji Brown Jackson’s ancestors were enslaved. Her husband’s were enslavers," and detailed the ancestral history of slavery and enslavement in the families of the justice and her husband, Patrick Jackson.

"When John Greene, believed to be an ancestor of Supreme Court Justice Ketanji Brown Jackson, got off a schooner from Trinidad in Charleston, S.C., he was immediately enslaved and dispatched to a plantation, according to family lore. When John Howland, the 10th-great-grandfather of Jackson’s husband, Patrick Jackson, disembarked the Mayflower at Plymouth, Mass., he was given housing and several acres," The Washington Post wrote. 

The Post continued to scrutinize the Supreme Court justice and her husband’s family history, drawing parallels between the two that date back over 100 years. 

"Ketanji Brown Jackson, one of the country’s nine most powerful legal arbiters, tracks her family history through generations of enslavement and coercive sharecropping. Patrick Jackson, a gastrointestinal surgeon in D.C., counts among his ancestors King Edward I of England, four Mayflower passengers and a signer of the U.S. Constitution."

The paper cited Christopher C. Child, senior genealogist with the New England Historic Genealogical Society in Boston, who found that Patrick Jackson's "great-great-great-great grandfather Peter Chardon Brooks was the richest man in New England when he died, having made his fortune insuring ships, including some involved in the slave trade."

In addition, the article explained, "Patrick was raised outside Boston, but his maternal grandfather’s ancestors lived in the South. Based on public slave schedules from 1850 and 1860, Child estimates the family owned about 189 enslaved people at the time. ‘Every male ancestor of Patrick’s maternal grandfather over the age of 21 alive in 1850 or 1860 was a slaveowner,’ Child said. One of his ancestors was also a Confederate soldier."

Florida Gov. Ron DeSantis’ press secretary, Jeremy Redfern, shared the article with his over 49,000 followers Monday. 

"What an insane premise to discuss someone’s marriage," he wrote. It’s ‘She was oppressed. He was the oppressor.’ Even though neither of them have anything to do with what their ancestors did over 150 years ago."

Some of Ketanji Brown Jackson’s family members were reportedly unconcerned about the over 100-year-old history of her husband’s family. 

"We had two people who loved each other, and that was enough. You can’t rewrite history. It is what it is," Ketanji Brown Jackson's uncle, Calvin Ross, reportedly told The Post.

The justice herself referenced both her and her husband's backgrounds in a 2017 speech, according to The Post. "We were an unlikely pair in many respects," she said in a 2017 speech, "but somehow we found each other."

Neither Ketanji nor Patrick Jackson responded to interview requests from The Washington Post, according to the article. 

Fox News Digital has reached out to the Supreme Court for additional comment but has yet to receive a response.

[dailyanarchistposts]

An Ending

Where is the Red and Green today? Is it in Mao's Red Book? or in Col. Khadafy's Green Book? Some perhaps. Leigh Hunt, the English essayist of the 19th century, wrote that May Day is "the union of the two best things in the world, the love of nature, and the love of each other." Certainly, such green union is possible, because we all can imagine it, and we know that what is real now was once only imagined. Just as certainly, that union can be realized only by red struggle, because there is no gain without pain, as the aerobiticians say, or no dreams without responsibility, no birth without labor, no green without red.

The children used to celebrate May Day. I think schools stopped encouraging them sometime around when "Law Day" was created, but I'm not sure. A correspondent from East Arlington, Mass., writes that in the late 1940s, "On any given Saturday in May, anywhere from 10-30 children would dress up in crepe paper costumes (hats, shirts, &c.); we would pick baskets of flowers and parade up and down several streets (until the flowers ran out!) The whole time we would be chanting, 'May Party, May Party, rah, rah, rah!'. A leader would be chosen, but I don't remember how. (Probably by throwing fingers out). Then, we would parade up to Spy Pond at the edge of the Center off Lake Street and have a picnic lunch." This correspondent now teaches kindergarten. "In recent years," she continues, "I have always decorated a May Pole for my kindergarten class (they do the decorations actually), and we would dance around it. It would always attract attention from the older children."

The best way to learn more is to participate in May Day activities and to talk to your neighbours. Using your library's newspaper collection, talking to school teachers, and getting people to talk about their childhood, their strikes, and their working conditions are good ways too. For those who wish to read more, here are a few suggestions.

William Adelman, HAYMARKET REVISITED (Illinois Labor History Society, 1976);

Charles Francis Adams, THREE EPISODES IN MASSACHUSETTS HISTORY (1894);

William Bradford, HISTORY OF PLYMOUTH PLANTATION 1620-1647;

Jeremy Brecher, Strike! (1972);

R. Chambers, THE BOOK OF DAYS: A MISCELLANY OF POPULAR ANTIQUITIES (1864);

Henry David, THE HISTORY OF THE HAYMARKET AFFAIR (1936);

J.G. Frazer, THE GOLDEN BOUGH: A STUDY OF COMPARATIVE RELIGION (1890);

James R. Green and Hugh Donahue, BOSTON'S WORKERS: A LABOR HISTORY (The Public Library, 1979);

Jane Hatch, THE AMERICAN BOOK OF DAYS (1976);

William Hone, THE EVERY-DAY BOOK (1824);

Thomas Morton, THE NEW ENGLISH CANAAN (1637);

Edward Thompson, THE MAKING OF THE ENGLISH WORKING CLASS (1963);

Aleander Trachtenberg, THE HISTORY OF MAY DAY (1947);

Midnight Notes, THE WORK/ENERGY CRISIS AND THE APOCALYPSE (1981)

[vlkphoto]

Wampanoag Community Wigwam : Interior .. [2 / 3]

At Plimoth Plantation, Plymouth, MA.

Swept panorama.

[brunetterightsactivist]

why do all interior design people make everything look the exact sameeee like i feel like u either have the hgtv interior design style which everyone pretty much agrees is atrocious OR the actual professional interior designers where at the end of every project i look and i'm like why does it look like i've just stepped into colonial williamsburg or something like plymouth plantation old sturbridge village style design plus like electricity and indoor plumbing. its TOO MUCH vintage also would it kill you to have some kitschy ugly playful shit laying around just for a cuteness factor? like that to me is just as sterile as the modern farmhouse black/white/grey look just in a different way

[theoutcastrogue]

The Elizabethan Session - Shores of Hispaniola 

Background: In 1562, John Hawkins set out on a voyage that would mark the beginning of the English slave trade. He left Plymouth to capture Africans along the Guinea Coast and sell them in the West Indies as cheap labourers on sugar and tobacco plantations. Some enslaved Africans were also sent to England. Queen Elizabeth personally supported Hawkins by lending him her 700-ton vessel, Jesus of Lubeck, for his 1564 slaving voyage.

Nancy Kerr wrote this song as part of the 2014 project, The Elizabethan Session, supported by the English Folk Dance and Song Society and Folk by the Oak. It imagines the grief and rage of a woman grieving for the captured father of her children. (source: Auntie Shanty)

They came in the night and their ships were as black as the ocean. It was Hawkins the dread privateer and all of his crew. They had whips they had shackles and cannons to serve Gloriana, And they’ve taken my love to the shores of Hispaniola.

My love he was strong and he looked to his land and his children. Proud, unfettered and free, he walked in the sun. Now he’s bound for the darkness of England to serve Gloriana, Or to spill out his blood on the shores of Hispaniola.

Well, Albion’s sailors are nothing but thieves on the water! They have riches and gold in great store, but it’s none of their own. They have saffron and sumac and rubies to feed Gloriana, As red as the blood of the slaves on Hispaniola.

A curse on the pious and holy of glorious England! You masters and martyrs attending to Albion’s soul, Your vestments and sacraments sanctioned by fair Gloriana, They are washed in the blood of the slaves of Hispaniola.

And I pray that the poor and the lowly of glorious England, Your Turks and your vagabonds, Gypsies and masterless men, Will tear down the walls of the castles of fair Gloriana, That are built from the bones of the slaves of Hispaniola!

They came in the night and their ships were as black as the ocean. It was Hawkins the dread privateer and all of his crew. They had whips they had shackles and cannons to serve Gloriana, And they’ve taken my love to the shores of Hispaniola.