#Surah 4:157-158

[freebiblestudyhub]

How Many Times Is Jesus Mentioned in the Quran

The figure of Jesus (known as ‘Isa in Arabic) holds a significant place in both Christianity and Islam. For Christians, Jesus is central to their faith, seen as the Son of God and the savior of humanity. For Muslims, Jesus is a revered prophet and a key figure in their religious tradition, though his role differs from that in Christianity. One of the ways to understand the Islamic perspective on Jesus is by examining how often he is mentioned in the Quran, the holy book of Islam. This article explores the frequency of Jesus’ mention in the Quran, the context in which he appears, and the implications of these references.

Background

Jesus in Islamic Tradition

In Islam, Jesus is considered one of the five great prophets, along with Noah, Abraham, Moses, and Muhammad. He is highly respected and is believed to have performed miracles and preached a message from God. However, the Islamic view of Jesus differs significantly from the Christian view. Islam does not recognize Jesus as the Son of God or as divine but as a prophet who was born of the Virgin Mary and who will return before the Day of Judgment.

The Quran: An Overview

The Quran is the central religious text of Islam, believed by Muslims to be the literal word of God as revealed to the Prophet Muhammad. It consists of 114 chapters (Surahs) and is written in classical Arabic. The Quran addresses various aspects of life, faith, and guidance for personal conduct, including the lives and messages of the prophets.

Jesus in the Quran

Jesus is mentioned in several places in the Quran, and his presence in the text is significant. The Quran acknowledges his miraculous birth, his role as a prophet, and some of his miracles. However, the Quran does not detail the crucifixion in the same way the New Testament does, and it does not hold Jesus to be the savior in the same manner as Christianity.

Frequency of Jesus’ Mention in the Quran

Direct Mentions of Jesus

Jesus is mentioned by name in the Quran 25 times. These references appear across various Surahs, highlighting different aspects of his life and mission. The following sections will explore these mentions in detail, providing a deeper understanding of how Jesus is depicted in Islamic scripture.

Contextual Mentions

Beyond direct mentions, Jesus is also referenced indirectly or within the context of discussions about other figures or theological concepts. For example, discussions about the Virgin Mary (Maryam) often include references to Jesus, given their close relationship.

Analysis of Jesus’ Mentions

The Nature of Jesus’ Miraculous Birth

One of the key aspects of Jesus’ depiction in the Quran is his miraculous birth. Surah Maryam (19:16-36) provides a detailed account of the Annunciation to Mary and Jesus’ miraculous birth. The Quran describes Mary as a virgin and emphasizes the miraculous nature of Jesus’ birth as a sign of God’s power.

Jesus as a Prophet

In the Quran, Jesus is consistently portrayed as a prophet sent by God. Surah Al-Imran (3:45-51) outlines Jesus’ role as a messenger who received a divine message and performed miracles as signs of his prophetic authority. These miracles include healing the sick and raising the dead, demonstrating his closeness to God.

The Crucifixion and Ascension

One of the most significant differences between Islamic and Christian beliefs about Jesus concerns the crucifixion. The Quran suggests that Jesus was not crucified but rather that it was made to appear so to his enemies. Surah An-Nisa (4:157-158) addresses this event, stating that Jesus was not killed or crucified but was instead raised up to God.

See also: Who Is Jesus in the Book of Numbers?

Jesus’ Future Role

The Quran also speaks of Jesus’ future role, particularly his return before the Day of Judgment. This eschatological perspective is found in Surah Az-Zukhruf (43:61), which mentions Jesus as a sign of the Hour, indicating his significant role in the end times.

Comparative Analysis with Christian Scriptures

Theological Implications

The differences between Islamic and Christian views on Jesus have profound theological implications. While Christianity emphasizes the divinity and atoning sacrifice of Jesus, Islam focuses on his role as a prophet and his miraculous birth. These differing views reflect broader doctrinal differences between the two faiths.

Commonalities and Differences

Both religions share a reverence for Jesus, but the nature of this reverence is distinct. In Christianity, Jesus is central to the faith as the Son of God and savior. In Islam, Jesus is a significant prophet but not divine. Understanding these perspectives can foster interfaith dialogue and mutual respect.

Conclusion

Jesus is mentioned 25 times in the Quran, and these references provide insight into the Islamic view of this significant figure. While there are differences between the Islamic and Christian understandings of Jesus, both traditions acknowledge his importance and recognize his role in their respective religious narratives. Exploring these mentions helps in understanding the place of Jesus in Islamic theology and the ways in which he is perceived in comparison to Christianity.

This examination of Jesus in the Quran highlights the complexities and nuances of interfaith perspectives and underscores the importance of dialogue in bridging theological divides. By appreciating the Quranic portrayal of Jesus, one can gain a deeper understanding of how this revered figure is viewed within Islam and how these views contribute to the broader interfaith conversation.

This article provides a comprehensive exploration of the mentions of Jesus in the Quran, catering to both Christians and those interested in interfaith studies. It aims to offer clear and accurate insights into the significance of Jesus in Islamic tradition while also respecting the differences between Islamic and Christian beliefs.

[eli-kittim]

The Quran: Revelation or Forgery?

By Goodreads Author Eli Kittim

——-

Did Muhammad Exist?

Before we embark on a brief criticism of the Quran, it’s important to note that there is “very little biographical information” (Wiki) concerning the historicity of its founder, Muhammad:

Attempts to distinguish between the

historical elements and the unhistorical

elements of many of the reports of

Muhammad have not been very successful

(Wiki).

(see: https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Historicity_of_Muhammad#Views_of_secular_historians).

Of course, this opens up the possibility of whether or not the unknown author of the Quran invented the Muhammad tradition to bolster his credibility. In order to determine the answer to this question, it is crucial to consider the evidence of *intertextuality* in the Quran, that is to say, the literary dependence of the Quran on earlier texts and sources.

——-

How historically reliable is the Quran?

Firstly, with regard to source criticism——that is, the sources that the Quran’s message is derived from——there are some very serious issues involved. For example, there are well-known parallelisms between the Quran and the extra-biblical, non-inspired book of Talmud (e.g. Surah 5:32; cf. Sanhedrin 37a) as well as borrowing from Christian apocryphal works that were written hundreds of years after the purported events and which claim to be legitimate Christian gospels but are not. Case in point, The Infancy Gospel of Thomas:

The Infancy Gospel of Thomas is thought to

be Gnostic in origin. . . . Early Christians

regarded the Infancy Gospel of Thomas as

inauthentic and heretical. Hippolytus

identified it as a fake and a heresy in his

Refutation of All Heresies, and his

contemporary Origen referred to it in a

similar way in a homily written in the early

third century. Eusebius rejected it as a

heretical ‘fiction’ in the third book of his

fourth-century Church History, and Pope

Gelasius I included it in his list of heretical

books in the fifth century. While non-

canonical in Christianity, the Infancy Gospel

of Thomas contains many miracles and

stories of Jesus referenced in the Qur'an,

such as Jesus giving life to clay birds (Wiki).

So, the Quran clearly employs Jewish and Christian apocryphal works that were never accepted as canonical or as “inspired” either by Jews or Christians. Thus, at least some of the sources of the Quran are highly dubious.

Secondly, in 632 CE, following Muhammad’s death, the Battle of Yamama ensued where a great number of those who had supposedly retained the Quran in their memory (hafiz) actually died. How then can Muslims claim the preservation of the Quran through memory and oral transmission?

Thirdly, the New Testament is the best attested book from the ancient world as well as the most scrutinized book in history, and one which has a critical edition. By contrast, the Quran has not been critically scrutinized rigorously in the same manner, nor does it have a critical edition, nor is the manuscript evidence made available to scholars for serious study. There’s a secrecy surrounding it that seems to prevent scholarly investigations. For example, because it lacks a critical edition, there are no footnotes in the Quran to notify the reader about manuscript evidence or textual discrepancies or omissions, such that “(some verses eaten by a goat; Ibn Majah, Book of Nikah, p.39) or that (Umar records the missing verses; Bukhari 8.82.816 & 817).

Fourthly, Orientalists have often questioned the historical authenticity of the Quran by charging Uthman ibn Affan (the 3rd Caliph of Islam) of consigning variant copies of the Quran to the flames during his reign.

Fifthly, the controlled transmission of the Quran makes it impossible to know what was the original. Hence its textual integrity is seriously compromised. By contrast, in the case of the New Testament, for example, since no one person controlled all the manuscripts, it would be impossible to uniformly corrupt all the documents. In the case of the Quran, however, the text was in fact controlled by one person, the khalifa, as attested by Uthman's authority to recall and uniformly revise all the manuscripts. Therefore, it would have been extremely easy for the Quran to have been uniformly corrupted in a textually undetectable manner. For example, the “Sanaa manuscript,” which contains earlier developments of the Quran, demonstrates textual variances that diverge from the Uthman copy.

In conclusion, the Quran doesn’t allow us to come any closer to the original text than the Uthmanic Revised Standard Version 20 years removed from Muhammad. Any errors which found their way into the URSV would be permanent and uncorrectable. And, unfortunately, historical accounts from early Islam tell us that such errors existed!

——-

The Quran is Based on Dubious Sources

Besides the numerous and traceable Judeo-Christian apocryphal works that the author used within the Quran itself, he also got a lot of his ideas from a group that was an offshoot of the Ebionites called the “Sabians,” variously known as Mandaeans or Elcesaites. The Sabians followed Hermeticism and adored John the Baptizer:

Occasionally,

Mandaeans are called

‘Christians of Saint

John’ . . . the ‘Sabians’

are described several

times in the Quran as

People of the Book,

alongside Jews and

Christians (Wiki).

According to Origen and Eusebius, the Sabians used an extra-biblical book that they claimed was given by an Angel (maybe another idea adopted by Muhammad?) to deny portions of Scripture as well as the writings of Paul! So, this idea of challenging Christianity and claiming to have received a new revelation from an angel is quite common in ancient times. It is not unique to Islam. Others had made similar claims. Thus, without completely rejecting the possibility of *revelation* in at least some portions of the Quran, the majority of its theological narratives are largely based on dubious and questionable sources, derived from spurious texts that were under the radar of heresiologists across the ancient world!

——-

Two Apocryphal Works Employed by the Quran to Deny the Crucifixion of Jesus

//Second Treatise of the Great Seth is an apocryphal Gnostic writing discovered in the Codex VII of the Nag Hammadi codices and dates to around the third century. The author is unknown, and the Seth referenced in the title appears nowhere in the text. Instead Seth is thought to reference the third son of Adam and Eve to whom gnosis was first revealed, according to some gnostics. The author appears to belong to a group of gnostics who maintain that Jesus Christ was not crucified on the cross. Instead the text says that Simon of Cyrene was mistaken for Jesus and crucified in his place. Jesus is described as standing by and "laughing at their ignorance”// (Wiki).

//The Gnostic Apocalypse of Peter is a text found amongst the Nag Hammadi library, and part of the New Testament apocrypha. Like the vast majority of texts in the Nag Hammadi collection, it is heavily gnostic. It was probably written around 100-200 AD. Since the only known copy is written in Coptic, it is also known as the Coptic Apocalypse of Peter.

The text takes gnostic interpretations of the crucifixion to the extreme, picturing Jesus as laughing and warning against people who cleave to the name of a dead man, thinking they shall become pure. Like some of the rarer Gnostic writings, this one also doubts the established Crucifixion story which places Jesus on the cross. Instead, according to this text, there was a substitute:

He whom you saw on the

tree, glad and laughing,

this is the living Jesus.

But this one into whose

hands and feet they

drive the nails is his

fleshly part, which is the

substitute being put to

shame, the one who

came into being in his

likeness. But look at him

and me// (Wiki).

This is attested in the Quran:

That they said (in boast), ‘We killed Christ

Jesus the son of Mary, the Messenger of

Allah’—but they killed him not, nor crucified

him, but so it was made to appear to them,

and those who differ therein are full of

doubts, with no [certain] knowledge, but

only conjecture to follow, for of a surety they

killed him not—nay, Allah raised him up unto

Himself; and Allah is Exalted in Power,

Wise (Sura 4:157-158, Yusuf Ali).

——-

A Possible Forgery: Is Muhammad Copying Augustine?

Muhammad (570 – 632 CE) seems to have modelled his conversion on Augustine of Hippo (354 – 430 CE), who was without a doubt the greatest theologian and philosopher of his day! Case in point, in 386 CE, Augustine converted to Christianity from the pagan Machanean religion. Similarly, in 610 CE, Muhammad converted to Islam from the “Jahiliyya" religion, which worshipped Allah as the creator god as well as the Kaaba in Mecca. About 224 years earlier St. Augustine had heard a voice that told him to “take up and read,” a line which became very famous and reverberated through the centuries:

As Augustine later told it, his conversion

was prompted by hearing a child's voice

say ‘take up and read’ (Latin: tolle, lege).

Resorting to the Sortes Sanctorum, he

opened a book of St. Paul's writings (codex

apostoli, 8.12.29) at random and read

Romans 13: 13–14: Not in rioting and

drunkenness, not in chambering and

wantonness, not in strife and envying, but

put on the Lord Jesus Christ, and make no

provision for the flesh to fulfill the lusts

thereof (Wiki).

By comparison, Muhammad appears to have used a similar line to claim that he, too, heard an Angel’s voice repeatedly say to him: “Read.” Given that Muhammad was presumably familiar with Judaism and Christianity (and especially with the foremost leading authority of his day, the African Augustine of Hippo), it seems very likely that he modelled his conversion on the latter. And, if true, that would certainly constitute a forgery!

——-

Are Allah’s Oaths Self-contradictory in the Quran?

The aforementioned textual criticisms are further compounded when we realize that the Quran contains further theological discrepancies. For example, there are numerous verses in the Quran where Allah is swearing by created things that are less-than-God, thus committing “shirk” (i.e. the sin of ascribing divine status to any other beings beside Allah). Here’s a case in point. In sura 81:15, Allah says: “But nay! I swear by the stars.” Another example is sura 91 verse 1: “I swear by the sun and its brilliance.” When God supposedly swears by something which is less than himself the truth value of his assertion is obviously weakened. By definition, an oath is meant to buttress an argument, not to decrease the weight thereof. Therefore, the truth value of an oath is equivalent to, and connected with, the truth value of the one who declares it. As such, Allah’s oaths (swearing by created things) directly contradict his so-called divine status. By contrast, the God of the Bible swears by Himself, since there is nothing greater to swear under (cf. Gen. 22.16; Isa. 45.23; Heb. 6.13). By definition, an oath is a solemn attestation of the truth of one's words. In this case, how can Allah’s oaths be trustworthy if they appeal to something that is less than himself? Answer: they cannot! It appears, then, that the aforementioned oaths in the Quran are reflecting a human rather than a divine author.

——-

Is Muhammad the Prophesied False Prophet of Revelation?

During the Early Middle

Ages, Christendom

largely viewed Islam as a

Christological heresy

and Muhammad as a

false prophet (Wiki).

In short, following the Arab conquest of the Middle East and due to the *military expansion* of Islam into Europe and Central Asia since the 700’s (toppling one country after another), Muhammad was increasingly seen as a possible candidate for the office of the *false-prophet-of-Revelation* (cf. Rev. 16.13; 19.20; 20.10): https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medieval_Christian_views_on_Muhammad

——-

Conclusion

Muslims claim that the Quran is neither corrupted nor influenced by Judeo-Christian sources, and yet upon further scrutiny the book clearly incorporates passages from both the Jewish Talmud and from various Christian apocryphal works. Plagiarism abounds, and so does forgery. Therefore, it is extremely difficult, if not impossible, to maintain that it’s a “revelation” when at least some of the sources of the Quran are highly dubious!

Moreover, Islam has nothing new to offer by way of revelation. Its doctrine could simply be classified as a modified theological redundancy of the Judeo-Christian tradition and the Biblical heritage that preceded it. The main difference between Islam and Christianity is this. Unlike the Quran’s singular witness and source——given that it was only revealed to *one* man (Muhammad)——the revelations of the New Testament were imparted to many different people, thereby authenticating its message by multiple attestations and witnesses!

——-

[uma1ra]

Muharram-ul-Haraam is the first month of the Islamic calendar. It is the month of extreme greatness and blessings, especially the 10th of this month, that is, Ashura day. This day has been given extraordinary importance in Islam. The Beloved Rasool صَلَّى اللّٰەُ عَلَيْهِ وَاٰلِهٖ وَسَلَّم observed fast himself on this day and also commanded blessed companions رَضِىَ اللّٰەُ عَنْهُم to observe fast on this day. (Derived from: Sahih Bukhari, vol. 1, pp. 656, Hadees 2004)

Even before Islam people would respect this day and would observe fast on this day. We should also fast on Ashura day (10th Muharram-ul-Haraam) and should perform acts of worship abundantly. A few virtuous deeds which are performed on Ashura day are being mentioned below so that we can be persuaded to practise them.

Fast of Ashura erases sins

The Beloved Rasool صَلَّى اللّٰەُ عَلَيْهِ وَاٰلِهٖ وَسَلَّم has said: I hope from the mercy of Allah Almighty that the fast of Ashura erases the sins of one year before it. (Sahih Muslim, pp. 454, Hadees 2746)

Deed of Ashura night

When the night of Ashura comes, perform this deed: Offer four Nafl on the Ashura night; in every Rak’at after Surah Al-Fatihah, recite Ayat-ul-Kursi 1 time and complete Surah Al-Ikhlas (قُلْ ھُوَ اللّٰەُ اَحَدٌ) 3 times. After completing the Salah recite Surah Al-Ikhlas 100 times. By virtue of its blessing, you will be purified of sins and will get many great blessings in Paradise. (Jannati Zaywar, pp. 157, amended)

Prescription for increasing sustenance

The Beloved Rasool صَلَّى اللّٰەُ عَلَيْهِ وَاٰلِهٖ وَسَلَّم has said: One who spends generously on his children on the 10th Muharram, Allah Almighty will give him much the whole year. Sayyiduna Sufyan رَحْمَةُ اللّٰەِ عَلَيْه has said: We acted upon the blessed Hadees and found the same. (Mishkat-ul-Masabih, vol. 1, pp. 365, Hadees 1926)

Virtues of Ashura day

Islamic scholars have written 10 things to be Mustahab on Ashura day: (1) Keeping fast (2) giving Sadaqah (3) offering Nafl Salah (4) reciting Surah Al-Ikhlas (قُلْ ھُوَ اللّٰەُ اَحَدٌ) one thousand times (5) beholding Islamic scholars (6) stroking the head of an orphan (7) to spend generously on family (8) performing Ghusl (9) Applying kohl (10) clipping nails (11) paying a visit to sick people (12) reconciling with enemies. (Jannati Zaywar, pp. 158, summarised)

Send Sawab to the martyrs of Karbala

On Ashura day, Sayyiduna Imam Husain رَضِىَ اللّٰەُ عَنْهُ sacrificed his blessed life along with his companions رَضِىَ اللّٰەُ عَنْهُم for the sake of serving Islam. So on this day, we should also arrange Quran Khuwani, do Zikr, recite Durood, give donations and Niyaz (provide food to Muslims).

[freakx198-blog]

QURANIC  AYAAT IN THE PRAISE OF MUHAMMAD Sallallahu 'alayhi wa Sallam

QURANIC  AYAAT IN THE PRAISE OF MUHAMMAD

Sallallahu 'alayhi wa Sallam

1 source : http://muslimcanada.org/siddiqverses.html

Some Selected Verses From The Holy Qur'an On OUR BELOVED PROPHET MUHAMMAD Sallallahu 'alayhi wa Sallam

HIS EXALTED STATUS

1. He is Nur (Sacred Light) (5:15)

2. Allah blesses him (33:56)

3. Mercy for all the worlds (21:107)

4. His name is Muhammad (Meaning the Most Praised One) (47:2)

5. Allah has exalted his Zikr (remembrance) (94:4)

6. His exaltation on the Night of Mi'raj (53:8-9)

7. His Station of Praise (Al-Maqam al-Mahmud) (17:79)

THE BELOVED OF ALLAH

1. If you want to gain the love of Allah, follow him (3:31)

2. Allah addresses him with love and affection (20:1) (36:1) (73:1) (74:1)

3. Allah says: Realise that My Prophetic Messenger himself is with you (49:7)

4. Allah describes him with His Own Attributes of Rauf (Most Kind) and Rahim (Merciful) (9:128)

5. Allah Himself praises him (33:45-47)

6. Possessor of Allah's Grace (4:113)

7. He is a special favour of Allah Sub'hanahu wa Ta'ala (3:164)

8. Allah does not punish people if he is in their midst (8:33)

9. Allegiance to him is allegiance to Allah (48:10)

HE RECEIVED THE HOLY QUR'AN

1. Allah gave him Surah al-Fatiha and the whole Qur'an (15:87)

2. Totally inspired (53:3-4)

3. Allah revealed the Noble Qur'an on his blessed heart (26:192-197)

4. The first revelation he received (96:1)

5. Teaches the Holy Qur'an and Hadith Shareef (Wisdom) and purifies people (62:2)

AMONG THE PROPHETS 'Alayhimussalam

1. The Final Prophet, Sallallahu 'alayhi wa Sallam (33:40)

2. Mentioned first among the greatest Prophets, 'Alayhimussalam (33:7) (4:163)

3. A Prophet with proven prophecies (30:1-6) (48:1) (48:27) (61:13)

4. Given the knowledge of the unseen (3:179)

5. Nabi Ibrahim 'Alayhissalam prayed for his coming (2:129)

6. Foretold by Nabi 'Isa (Jesus) 'Alayhissalam (61:6)

7. Allah asks all Prophets to believe in him (3:81)

8. Confirms the previous (Prophetic) Messengers of Allah (37:37)

HIS EXEMPLARY CHARACTER

1. Most examplary character (33:21) (68:4)

2. Sadiq (Truthful) (33:22)

3. Final judge and arbiter (4:65) (24:51)

4. Honoured, noble (69: 40)

5. Forgiving (7:199)

6. He is Burhan (Clear Proof) (4:175)

7. Brave: Commands Muslims in battle (3:121)

PREACHES ISLAM

1. Established the correct Message of Islam (6:161-163) (39:11-12)

2. Preacher to all humanity (4:170) (25:1) (34:28)

3. He is Bashir and Nadhir (Bearer of glad tidings and a warner) (5:19)

4. Invites people to Islam (12:108)

5. Even the jinn respond to his call (46:29-31)

6. He brought the truth (17:81) (39:33)

7. A perfect guide to be followed (7:158)

8. He brought a new law (Shari'a) (7:157)

9. He calls you to that which gives you life (8:24)

10. Brings people from darkness into light (65:11)

11. His religion prevails over all religion (48:28)

HIS BLESSED HOUSEHOLD AND COMPANIONS, Rady Allahu 'Anhum

1. His Houshold purified by Allah Sub'hanahu wa Ta'ala (33:33)

2. His companions praised by Allah Sub'hanahu wa Ta'ala (48:29)

3. His companions: The Muhajirin and the Ansar (8:74) (9:100) (59:8-9)

4. His companions swear allegiance to him (48:18)

BELIEVE, ASSIST, HONOUR, LOVE, RESPECT AND OBEY HIM

1. Believe, assist and honour him (48:9) (61:11)

2. Love Allah and His Beloved Prophet more than anything else (9:24)

3. He is closer to the believers than their ownselves (33:6)

4. Respect him (49:1-3)

5. Obey Allah Ta'ala and His Beloved Prophet Sallallahu 'alayhi wa Sallam (3:132) (4:13) (4:59) (4:69) (4:80) (9:71) (24:52) (24:54) (24:56) (33:71) (49:14) (64:12)

6. Follow the commands of Allah Sub'hanahu wa Ta'ala and of His Beloved Prophet Sallallahu 'alayhi wa Sallam (33:36)

7. Whatever he gives you, take it (59:7)

8. The reward of believing in him (57:28)

WAGED JIHAD AMIDST PERSECUTION

1. Non-believers plot to kill him (8:30)

2. His persecution (22:39-40)

3. Commanded to fight alone for Allah Sub'hanahu wa Ta'ala (4:84)

4. He led Muslims in prayer while in battle (4:102)

5. Allah asks him to seek peace (8:61)

6. Allah helped him in Jihad (33:9)

7. Allah made him victorious (110:1)

HIS MIRACLES

1. Living miracle: The Holy Qur'an (2:23) (17:88) (52:34)

2. Human miracle: he changed people's hearts (5:83)

3. Heavenly miracle: Isra' and Mi'raj (17:1) (53:8-18)

4. Historic miracle: Hijra; escaped while surrounded (9:40)

5. The miracle of the Battle of Badr: Victory against all odds (3:123-125)

6. The splitting of the moon (54:1-2)

INTERCESSOR (SHAFI')

1. Allah appointed him as an intercessor to plead for people's forgiveness (3:159) (4:64) (60:12)

2. An accepted intercessor (19:87) (20:109)

3. His prayers a solace for hearts (9:103)

[dailytafsirofquran]

Tafsir Ibn Kathir: Surah An-Nisa Ayah 155-159

Part 2

In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.

4:155 Because of their breaking the covenant, and their rejecting the Ayat of Allah, and their killing the Prophets unjustly, and their saying: "Our hearts are Ghulf,''

nay, Allah has set a seal upon their hearts because of their disbelief, so they believe not but a little.

4:156 And because of their disbelief and uttering against Maryam a grave false charge.

4:157 And because of their saying, "We killed Al- Masih `Isa, son of Maryam, the Messenger of Allah,''

but they killed him not, nor crucified him, but it appeared as that to them, and those who differ therein are full of doubts.

They have no (certain) knowledge, they follow nothing but conjecture. For surely; they killed him not.

4:158 But Allah raised him up unto Himself. And Allah is Ever All-Powerful, All-Wise.

4:159 And there is none of the People of the Scripture, but must believe in him, before his death. And on the Day of Resurrection, he will be a witness against them.

The Crimes of the Jews

The Hadiths Regarding the Descent of `Isa Just Before the Day of Judgment, and his Mission

In the chapter about the Prophets in his Sahih, under, "The Descent of `Isa, Son of Maryam,'' Al-Bukhari recorded that Abu Hurayrah said that the Messenger of Allah said,

By Him in Whose Hands my soul is, the son of Maryam (`Isa) will shortly descend among you as a just ruler, and will break the cross, kill the pig and abolish the Jizyah. Then there will be an abundance of wealth and nobody will accept charitable gifts any more. At that time, one prostration will be better for them than this life and all that is in it.

Abu Hurayrah then said, "Read if you will,

And there is none of the People of the Scripture, but must believe in him, before his death. And on the Day of Resurrection, he will be a witness against them.''

Muslim recorded this Hadith. So, Allah's statement, (before his death),

refers to the death of `Isa, son of Maryam.

Another Hadith by Abu Hurayrah

Imam Ahmad recorded that Abu Hurayrah said that the Messenger of Allah said,

`Isa will say Ihlal from the mountain highway of Ar- Rawha' for Hajj, Umrah or both.

Muslim also recorded it. Ahmad recorded that Abu Hurayrah said that the Prophet said,

`Isa, son of Maryam, will descend and will kill the pig, break the cross, lead the prayer in congregation and give away wealth until it is no longer accepted by anyone. He will also abolish the Jizyah and go to Ar-Rawha' from where he will go to perform Hajj, Umrah or both.

Abu Hurayrah then recited (And there is none of the People of the Scripture,

but must believe in him, before his death).

Hanzalah said,

"Abu Hurayrah added, `Will believe in `Isa before `Isa dies,' but I do not know if this was a part of the Prophet's Hadith or if it was something that Abu Hurayrah said on his own.''

Ibn Abi Hatim also recorded this Hadith.

Another Hadith

Al-Bukhari recorded that Abu Hurayrah said that the Messenger of Allah said,  

How will you be when Al-Masih, son of Maryam (`Isa) descends among you while your Imam is from among yourselves!

Imam Ahmad and Muslim also recorded this Hadith.

Another Hadith

Imam Ahmad recorded that Abu Hurayrah said that the Prophet said,

The Prophets are paternal brothers; their mothers are different, but their religion is one. I, more than any of mankind, have more right to `Isa, son of Maryam, for there was no Prophet between him and I.

He will descend, and if you see him, know him. He is a well-built man, (the color of his skin) between red and white. He will descend while wearing two long, light yellow garments. His head appears to be dripping water, even though no moisture touched it. He will break the cross, kill the pig, and banish the Jizyah and will call the people to Islam.

During his time, Allah will destroy all religions except Islam and Allah will destroy Al-Masih Ad- Dajjal (the False Messiah).

Safety will then fill the earth, so much so that the lions will mingle with camels, tigers with cattle and wolves with sheep. Children will play with snakes, and they will not harm them.

`Isa will remain for forty years and then will die, and Muslims will offer the funeral prayer for him.

Abu Dawud also recorded it.

Another Hadith

In his Sahih, Muslim recorded that Abu Hurayrah related to the Messenger of Allah that he said,

The (Last) Hour will not start until the Romans occupy Al-A`maq or Dabiq.

An army, comprised of the best of the people of the earth then, will come from Al-Madinah and challenge them.

When they camp face to face, the Romans will say, `Let us fight those who captured some of us.'

The Muslims will say, `Nay! By Allah, we will never let you get to our brothers.'

They will fight them. A third of the (Muslim) army will flee in defeat, and those are the ones whom Allah will never forgive. Another third will be killed, and those are the best martyrs before Allah. The last third will be victorious, and this third will never be stricken with Fitnah, and they will capture Constantinople (Istanbul).

While they are dividing war booty, after hanging their swords on olive trees, Shaytan will shout among them, saying, `Al-Masih (Ad-Dajjal) has cornered your people'.

They will leave to meet Ad-Dajjal in Ash-Sham.

This will be a false warning, and when they reach Ash-Sham, Ad-Dajjal will then appear. When the Muslims are arranging their lines for battle and the prayer is called for, `Isa, son of Maryam, will descend and lead them in prayer.

When the enemy of Allah (the False Messiah) sees him, he will dissolve just as salt dissolves in water, and if any of him were left, he would continue dissolving until he died. Allah will kill him with the hand of `Isa and will show the Muslims his blood on his spear.

Muslim recorded that;

Abdullah bin `Amr said that the Messenger of Allah said,

You will fight the Jews and will kill them, until the stone will say, `O Muslim! There is a Jew here, so come and kill him.'

Muslim recorded that Abu Hurayrah said that the Messenger of Allah said,

The Hour will not start, until after the Muslims fight the Jews and the Muslims kill them. The Jew will hide behind a stone or tree, and the tree will

say, `O Muslim! O servant of Allah! This is a Jew behind me, come and kill him.' Except Al- Gharqad, for it is a tree of the Jews.

Muslim bin Al-Hajjaj recorded in his Sahih that An- Nawwas bin Sam`an said,

"The Messenger of Allah, mentioned Ad-Dajjal one day and kept belittling him (because being blind, yet claiming to be Allah) and speaking in grave terms about him until we thought that he was hiding in gardens of date-trees (in Al- Madinah). When we went by the Messenger, he sensed this anxiety in us and said,

What is the matter with you?

We said, `O Messenger of Allah! Earlier, you mentioned Ad-Dajjal and while belittling him you spoke gravely about him until we thought that he was hiding in gardens of date-trees (of Al- Madinah).'

He said,

I fear other than Ad-Dajjal for you! If he appears while I am still among you, I will be his adversary on your behalf. If he appears while I am not among you, each one will depend on himself and Allah will be the Helper of every Muslim after me.

He is young, with very curly hair and his eye is smashed. I thought that he looked like Abdul- Uzza bin Qatan.

Whoever lives long and meets Ad-Dajjal, then let him recite the beginnings of Surah Al-Kahf. He will appear on a pass between Ash-Sham (Syria) and Al-Iraq. He will wreak havoc to the right and left. O Servants of Allah! Hold fast.

We said, `O Messenger of Allah! How long will he stay on earth?'

He said,

Forty days: One day as long as a year, one day as long as a month and one day as long as a week. The rest of his days will be as long as one of your ordinary days.

We said, `O Messenger of Allah! As for the day that is like a year, will the prayers of one day suffice for it!'

He said,

No. Count for its due measure.

We said, `O Messenger of Allah, how will his speed be on earth?'

He said,  

(Like the storm when driven by the wind. He will come to a people and will call them (to his worship), and they will believe in him and accept his call.

He will order the sky and it will rain, the land and it will grow (vegetation). Their cattle will return to them with their hair the longest, their udders the fullest (with milk) and their stomachs the fattest.

He will come to a different people and will call them (to his worship), and they will reject his call. He will then leave them. They will wake up in the morning destitute, missing all of their possessions. He will pass by a deserted land and will say to it, `Bring out your treasures', and its treasures will follow him just like swarms of bees.

He will summon a man full of youth and will strike him with the sword once and will cut him into two pieces (and will separate between them like) the distance (between the hunter and) the game. He will call the dead man and he will come, and his face will radiant with pleasure and laughter.

Afterwards (while all this is happening with Ad- Dajjal), Allah will send Al-Masih (`Isa), son of

Maryam down. He will descend close to the white minaret to the east of Damascus. He will be wearing garments lightly colored with saffron and his hands will be placed on the wings of two angels. Whenever he lowers his head droplets fall. Whenever he raises his head, precious stones that look like pearls fall. No disbeliever can survive `Isa's breath, which reaches the distance of his sight.

He will pursue Ad-Dajjal and will follow him to the doors of (the Palestinian city of) Ludd where he will kill him.

A group of people who, by Allah's help, resisted and survived Ad-Dajjal, will pass by `Isa and he will anoint their faces and inform them about their grades in Paradise. Shortly afterwards, while this is happening with `Isa, Allah will reveal to him, `I raised a people of My creation that no one can fight. Therefore, gather My servants to At-Tur (the mountain of Musa in Sinai).'

Then, Allah will raise Gog and Magog and they will swiftly swarm from every mound. Their front forces will reach Lake Tabariah (Sea of Galilee) and will drink all its water. The last of their forces will say as they pass by the lake, `This lake once had water!'

Meanwhile, `Isa, Allah's Prophet, will be cornered along with his companions until the head of a bull will be more precious to them than a hundred Dinars to you today. `Isa, Allah's Prophet, and his companions will invoke Allah for help and Allah will send An-Naghaf (a worm) into the necks of Gog and Magog! The morning will come, and they will all be dead as if it was the death of one soul.

Afterwards, `Isa, the Prophet of Allah, will come down with his companions to the low grounds (from Mount At-Tur). They will find that no space of a hand-span on the earth was free of their fat and rot (rotten corpses).

`Isa, the Prophet of Allah, and his companions will seek Allah in supplication. Allah will send birds as large as the necks of camels. They will carry them (the corpses of Gog and Magog) and will throw them wherever Allah wills.

Afterwards, Allah will send rain that no house made of mud or animal hair will be saved from, and it will cleanse the earth until it is as clean as a mirror.

The earth will be commanded (by Allah), `Produce your fruits and regain your blessing.'

Then, the group will eat from a pomegranate and will take shelter under the shade of its skin. Milk will be blessed, so much so that the milk- producing camel will yield large amounts that suffice for a large group of people. Meanwhile, Allah will send a pure wind that will overcome Muslims from under their arms and will take the soul of every believer and Muslim.

Only the evildoers among people will remain. They will indulge in shameless public sex like that of donkeys. On them, the Hour will begin.

Imam Ahmad and the collectors of the Sunan also recorded this Hadith.

We will mention this Hadith again using the chain of narration collected by Ahmad explaining Allah's statement in Surah Al-Anbiya

(Until, when Ya`juj and Ma`juj (Gog and Magog people) are let loose (from their barrier)). (21;96)

In our time, in the year seven hundred and forty-one, a white minaret was built in the Umayyad Masjid (in Damascus) made of stone, in place of the minaret that was destroyed by a fire which the Christians were suspected to have started. May Allah's continued curses descend on the Christians until the Day of Resurrection. There is a strong feeling that this minaret is the one that `Isa will descend on, according to this Hadith.

Another Hadith

Muslim recorded in his Sahih that Yaqub bin Asim bin Urwah bin Mas`ud Ath-Thaqafi said,

"I heard Abdullah bin `Amr saying to a man who asked him, `What is this Hadith that you are narrating You claim that the Hour will start on such and such date.'

He said, `Subhan Allah (glory be to Allah),' or he said, `There is no deity worthy of worship except Allah.' I almost decided to never narrate anything to anyone. I only said, "Soon, you will witness tremendous incidents, the House (the Ka`bah) will be destroyed by fire, and such and such things will occur.''

He then said, `The Messenger of Allah said,

Ad-Dajjal will appear in my nation and will remain for forty. (The narrator doubts whether it is forty days, months, or years).

Then, Allah will send down `Isa, son of Maryam, looking just like Urwah bin Mas`ud and he will seek Ad-Dajjal and will kill him. People will remain for seven years with no enmity between any two.

Allah will send a cool wind from As-Sham that will leave no man on the face of the earth who has

even the weight of an atom of good or faith, but will capture (his soul). Even if one of you takes refuge in the middle of a mountain, it will find him and capture (his soul).

Afterwards, only the most evil people will remain. They will be as light as birds, with the comprehension of beasts. They will not know or enjoin righteousness or forbid or know evil. Shaytan will appear to them and will say to them, `Would you follow me.'

They will say, `What do you command us?'

He will command them to worship the idols. Meanwhile, their provision will come to them in abundance and their life will be good. Then the Trumpet will be blown and every person who hears it, will lower one side of his head and raise the other side (trying to hear that distant sound).

The first man who will hear the Trumpet is someone who is preparing the water pool for his camels, and he and the people will swoon away. Allah will send down heavy rain and the bodies of people will grow with it.

The Trumpet will be blown in again and the people will be resurrected and looking all about, staring. It will be said to them, `O people! Come to your Lord,'

But stop them, verily, they are to be questioned. )37:24(

It will then be said, `Bring forth the share of the Fire.' It will be asked, `How many?'

It will be said, `From every one thousand, nine hundred and ninety-nine.'

That Day is when,

the children will turn grey-headed, (73:17)

The Day when the Shin shall be laid bare). '')68:42(

The Description of `Isa, upon him be Peace

As mentioned earlier, Abdur-Rahman bin Adam narrated that Abu Hurayrah said that the Prophet said,

If you see `Isa, know him. He is a well-built man, (the color of his skin) between red and white. He will descend while wearing light yellow garments. His head looks like it is dripping water, even though no moisture touched it.

In the Hadith that An-Nawwas bin Sam`an narrated,

He will descend close to the white minaret to the east of Damascus. He will be wearing two garments lightly colored with saffron, having his hands on the wings of two angels. Whenever he lowers his head, drops will fall off of it. Whenever he raises his head, precious jewels like pearls will fall off of it. No disbeliever can survive `Isa's breath, and his breath reaches the distance of his sight.

Al-Bukhari and Muslim recorded that Abu Hurayrah said that the Messenger of Allah said,

I met Musa on the night of my Ascension to heaven. The Prophet then described him saying, as I think,

He was a tall person with hair as if he was one of the men from the tribe of Shanu'ah.

The Prophet further said,

`I met `Isa.' The Prophet described him saying,

`He was of moderate height and was red-faced as if he had just come out of a bathroom.

I saw Ibrahim whom I resembled more than any of his children did.'

Al-Bukhari recorded that Mujahid said that Ibn Umar said that the Messenger of Allah said,

I saw Musa, `Isa and Ibrahim.

`Isa was of red complexion and had curly hair and a broad chest. Musa was of brown complexion and had straight hair and a tall stature, as if he was from the people of Az-Zutt.

Al-Bukhari and Muslim recorded that Ibrahim said that Abdullah bin Umar said,

"The Prophet once mentioned the False Messiah (Al- Masih Ad-Dajjal) to people, saying,

Allah is not blind in His Eye. Al-Masih Ad-Dajjal is blind in his right eye. His eye is like a protruding grape.''

Muslim recorded that the Messenger of Allah said,

In a dream, I was at the Ka`bah and Allah made me see a light - colored man, a color that is as beautiful as a light - colored man could be, with combed hair that reached his shoulders. His hair was dripping water, and he was leaning on the shoulders of two men while circling the Ka`bah.

I asked, `Who is this man?'

I was told, `This is the Al-Masih, son of Maryam.'

Behind him, I saw a man with very curly hair who was blind in his right eye. He looked exactly as Ibn Qatan, and he was leaning on the shoulder of a man while circling the House.

I asked, `Who is this man?'

I was told, `He is Al-Masih Ad-Dajjal.' Al-Bukhari recorded that Salim said that his father said,

"No, By Allah! The Prophet did not say that `Isa was of red complexion but said,

While I was asleep circumambulating the Ka`bah (in my dream), I suddenly saw a man of brown complexion and ample hair walking between two men with water dripping from his head.

I asked, `Who is this?'

The people said, `He is the son of Maryam.'

Then I looked behind and I saw a red-complexioned, fat, curly-haired man, blind in the right eye, which looked like a bulging out grape.

I asked, `Who is this?' They replied, `He is Ad-Dajjal.'

The person he most resembled is Ibn Qatan.''

Az-Zuhri commented that Ibn Qatan was a man from the tribe of Khuza`ah who died during the time of Jahiliyyah.

This is the wording of Al-Bukhari. Allah's statement,

And on the Day of Resurrection, he (`Isa) will be a witness against them.

Qatadah said,

"He will bear witness before them that he has delivered the Message from Allah and that he is but a servant of His.''

In a similar statement in the end of Surah Al- Ma'idah,

And (remember) when Allah will say (on the Day of Resurrection): "O `Isa, son of Maryam! Did َأ,you say unto men...'' (5:116) until (Almighty, the All-Wise). (5;118)

[drmaqazi]

THE ENEMIES OF ISLAM & MUSLIMS, AND ISLAM HATERS ARE ALSO BLOODY LIARS.

QUESTION?

QUESTION? Why Islam cannot tolerate criticism?

Because ENEMIES OF ISLAM & MUSLIMS, and ISLAM HATERS ARE ALSO BLOODY LIARS.

THOU SHALL NOT LIE, Period, is one of the TEN (10) COMMANDMENTS.

Allah Subhanahu wa Ta'ala (God Almighty) curses all those who tell lies.

Then whoever argues with you about it after [this] knowledge has come to you - say, "Come, let us call our sons and your sons, our women and your women, ourselves and yourselves, then supplicate earnestly [together] and invoke the curse of Allah upon the liars [among us].” (La'natullahi ‘al-al-kaadhibeen).

And [for] their saying, "Indeed, we have killed the Messiah, Jesus, the son of Mary, the messenger of Allah ." And they did not kill him, nor did they crucify him; but [another] was made to resemble him to them. And indeed, those who differ over it are in doubt about it. They have no knowledge of it except the following of assumption. And they did not kill him, for certain. Chapter (Surah) 4, An-Nisa’, Verse (Ayah) 157. The HOLY QUR'AN.

Rather, Allah raised him to Himself. And ever is Allah Exalted in Might and Wise. Chapter (Surah) 4, An-Nisa’, Verse (Ayah) 158. The HOLY QUR’AN.

It is He who expelled the ones who disbelieved among the People of the Scripture from their homes at the first gathering. You did not think they would leave, and they thought that their fortresses would protect them from Allah ; but [the decree of] Allah came upon them from where they had not expected, and He cast terror into their hearts [so] they destroyed their houses by their [own] hands and the hands of the believers. So take warning, O people of vision.

Fa'tabiroo yaa ool-il-absaar (HOLY QUR'AN)

LASTLY, YET IMPORTANTLY, they don't know anything about their own religion, but SOMEHOW they are EXPERTS on ISLAM? I don't know HOW?

[abdur-rahman-blog]

Dr Ali Ataie: The Crucifixion and The Qur'an: An Exegetical and Historical Inquiry Into Surah 4:157-158

Dr Ali Ataie: The Crucifixion and The Qur’an: An Exegetical and Historical Inquiry Into Surah 4:157-158

Peace, one and all… A careful exploration of the Quranic verses that deal with the crucifixion of Jesus (as).

[brosurmta]

Shalat Berjama'ah (ke-3)

B. Di Dalam Shalat

1.  Imam supaya menyaringkan Takbiratul Ihram, agar makmum mengetahui bahwa imam telah memulai shalat.

2.  Menyaringkan/menjahrkan bacaan Al-Fatihah dan surat/ayat Al-Qur'an pada shalat Maghrib, 'Isyak dan Shubuh, serta shalat-shalat berjama'ah yang dituntunkan membaca jahr yang lain.

3.  Menyaringkan Takbir-takbir serta bacaan I'tidal, dan Salam sehingga makmum mengetahui akan perubahan-perubahan dari rukun ke rukun lainnya.

4.  Menjaga kesempurnaan shalat tersebut, baik bacaannya yang teratur, tidak tergesa-gesa, tuma'ninahnya, dan terutama kekhusyu'annya yang merupakan jiwa dari shalat itu, ini semua mengingat bahwa imam menjadi pemimpin dan penanggung bagi makmumnya.

C. Sesudah Shalat

Disunahkan bagi imam, setelah selesai shalat untuk menghadap makmum .

عَنْ سَمُرَةَ بـْنِ جُنْدَبٍ قَالَ: كَانَ النَّبِيُّ ص اِذَا صَلَّى صَلاَةً اَقـْبَلَ عَلَـيْنَا بِـوَجْهِهِ. البخارى

Dari Samurah bin Jundab, ia berkata : "Adalah Nabi SAW apabila selesai shalat, beliau menghadap kepada kami". [HR. Bukhari]

عَنِ اْلبَرَاءِ بْنِ عَازِبٍ قَالَ: كُـنَّا اِذَا صَلَّـيْنَا خَلْفَ رَسُوْلِ اللهِ ص اَحْبَـبْنَا اَنْ نَكُـوْنَ عَنْ يَـمِيْـنِهِ فَـيُقْبِلُ عَلَـيْنَا بِـوَجـْهِهِ. مسلم و ابو داود

Dari Bara' bin 'Azib, ia berkata : "Apabila kami shalat dibelakang Rasulullah SAW kami senang berada di bagian kanan beliau. Karena (setelah selesai shalat) beliau menghadap kepada kami". [HR. Muslim dan Abu Dawud, Nailul Authar, Juz II, halaman 349]

Perlu pula mendapat perhatian bahwa hendaknya seorang imam itu mengerti benar keadaan makmumnya, karena mengingat bahwa mungkin diantara mereka ada yang telah lanjut usia atau lemah ataupun orang-orang yang mempunyai keperluan. Maka bila demikian hendaknya imam berlaku bijaksana, yaitu tidak memanjangkan bacaan atau memilih surat yang panjang-panjang, tetapi mencukupkan dengan membaca bacaan yang ringan pada setiap rukunnya tanpa mengurangi ketertiban dan tuma'ninah shalat itu sendiri.

عَن اَبـِى هُرَيـْرَةَ اَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ص قَالَ: اِذَا اَمَّ اَحَدُكُمُ النَّاسَ فَـلْـيُخـَفِّـفْ فَاِنَّ فِـيْهِمُ الصَّغِـيْرَ وَ اْلكَـبِـيْرَ وَ الضَّعِـيْفَ وَ ذَا اْلحَاجَةِ، فَاِذَا صَلَّى وَحْدَهُ فَـلْـيُصَلِّ كَـيْفَ شَآءَ. متفق عليه

Dari Abu Hurairah RA, sesungguhnya Nabi SAW telah bersabda : "Apabila seseorang dari kamu mengimami orang banyak, hendaklah ia meringankannya karena diantara mereka ada yang anak kecil, ada yang sudah tua, ada yang lemah, dan ada pula yang mempunyai keperluan, akan tetapi apabila ia shalat sendirian, maka bolehlah ia shalat sebagaimana ia suka". [Muttafaqun 'alaih]

Hal-hal yang Harus Dilakukan oleh Makmum Dalam Shalat Berjama'ah.

1. Merapikan shaff serta meluruskan dan merapatkannya

كَانَ النَّبِيُّ ص اِذَا قَامَ مَقَامَهُ لِلصَّلاَةِ لَمْ يُكَبِّرْ حَتَّى يَـلْـتَـفِتَ يَـمِـيْنًا وَ شِمَالاً يَـأْمُرُـهُمْ بِـتَسْوِيــَةِ مَنَاكِبِهِمْ وَ يَقُوْلُ: لاَ تَخـْتَـلِـفُوْا فَتَخـْتَـلِـفُ قُـلُـوْبـُكُمْ. احمد

Adalah Nabi SAW apabila telah berdiri di tempat shalat, tidaklah beliau bertakbir sebelum melihat ke kanan dan ke kiri serta menyuruh manusia mensejajarkan bahu seraya berkata : "Janganlah kalian maju mundur dalam shaff yang menyebabkan maju mundurnya jiwa-jiwa kalian". [HR. Ahmad]

2. Menyambung shaff (menutup tempat yang longgar)

اِنَّ رَسُوْلَ اللهِ ص قَالَ: اَقِـيْمُوا الصُّفُّوْفَ وَحَاذُوْا بَـيْنَ  اْلمَنَاكِبِ وَ سُدُّوا اْلخَـلَـلَ وَ لـِيْـنُـوْا بِاَيـْدِيْ اِخـْوَانـِكُمْ فَلاَ تَـذَرُوْا فُـرُجَاتٍ لـِلشَّيْطَانِ وَ مَنْ وَصَلَ صَفًّا وَصَلَهُ اللهُ وَ مَنْ قَطَعَ صَفًّا قَطَعَهُ اللهُ. ابو داود عن بن عمر

Sesungguhnya Rasulullah SAW bersabda : "Luruskanlah shaff, dan sejajarkanlah bahu, dan tutuplah tempat yang longgar, dan lembutkanlah dirimu apabila ditarik oleh tangan-tangan saudara-saudaramu, dan janganlah kamu biarkan celah-celah syaithan. Dan barangsiapa menyambung shaff, niscaya Allah menyambungnya dan barangsiapa memotong shaff, niscaya Allah memotongnya". [HR. Abu Dawud dari Ibnu Umar]

عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بـْنِ عُمَرَ رض قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُوْلُ اللهِ ص: خِيَارُكُمْ اَلـْيَنُكُمْ مَنَاكِبَ فِى الصَّلاَةِ، وَ مَا مِنْ خَطْوَةٍ اَعْظَمُ اَجْرًا مِنْ خُطْوَةٍ مَشَاهَا رَجُلٌ اِلىَ فُرْجَةٍ فِى الصَّفِّ فَسَدَّهَا. البزار باسناد حسن

Dari Abdullah bin Umar RA, ia berkata : Rasulullah SAW bersabda : "Sebaik-baik kalian ialah orang yang paling lembut pundaknya dalam shalat. Dan tidak ada suatu langkah yang lebih besar pahalanya daripada melangkahnya seseorang yang dia berjalan untuk menutup tempat yang kosong di dalam shaff". [HR. Al-Bazzar dengan sanad Hasan - Targhib wat Tarhib Juz 1, halaman : 322]

عَنْ عَائِـشَةَ رض قَالَتْ: قَالَ رَسُوْلُ اللهِ ص: مَنْ سَدَّ فُـرْجَةً رَفَـعَهُ اللهُ بِهَا دَرَجَةً، وَ بَنَى لَهُ بَـيْـتًا فِى اْلجَنَّةِ. الطبرانى فى الاوسط

Dari Aisyah RA, ia berkata : Rasulullah SAW bersabda : "Barangsiapa yang menutup tempat yang kosong (didalam shaff), maka dengannya Allah mengangkat derajat dan membuatkan rumah untuknya disurga". [HR. Ath-Thabrani, Targhib wat Tarhib Juz I , halaman 322]

3. Mengikuti segala gerak-gerik imam, tertib dan tidak mendahuluinya

عَنْ اَنـَسٍ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُوْلُ اللهِ ص: اَيـُّهَا النَّاسُ اِنـِّى اِمَامُكُمْ فَلاَ تَـسْبِـقُـوْنــِى بِالـرُّكُـوْعِ وَلاَ بِالسُّجُوْدِ وَلاَ بِاْلـقِـيَامِ وَلاَ بِاْلـعُقُـوْدِ وَلاَ بِاْلاِنــْصِرَافِ. احمد و مسلم

Dari Anas, ia berkata : Rasulullah SAW telah bersabda : "Hai manusia, sesungguhnya aku adalah imam bagi kamu, maka janganlah kamu mendahului aku waktu Ruku', Sujud, Berdiri, Duduk dan Salam".

[HR. Ahmad dan Muslim, Nailul Authar Juz III, hal. 159]

عَنْ اَبـِى هُرَيـْرَةَ اَنَّ رَسُوْلَ اللهِ ص قَالَ: اِنَّمَا جُعِلَ اْلاِمَامُ لـِيُـؤْتَمَّ بِهِ فَلاَ تَخـْـتَـلـِفُوْا عَلَـيْهِ، فَاِذَا كَـبَّـرَ فَكَـبِّـرُوْا، وَ اِذَا رَكَعَ فَارْكَـعُوْا، وَ اِذَا قَالَ سَمِعَ اللهُ لـِمَنْ حَمِدَهُ فَـقُـوْلُـوْا اَللّـهُمَّ رَبـَّنَا لَكَ اْلحَمْدُ، وَ اِذَا سَجَدَ فَاسْجُدُوْا، وَ اِذَا صَلَّى قَـاعِدًا فَصَلُّـوْا قُـعُـوْدًا اَجْمَعُوْنَ. متفق عليه

Dari Abu Hurairah, ia berkata : Sesungguhnya Rasulullah SAW bersabda : "Hanyasanya imam itu dijadikan untuk diturut, maka janganlah kalian menyelisihinya. Apabila imam bertakbir maka bertakbirlah, apabila imam ruku' maka ruku'lah, apabila imam membaca "sami'aloohu liman hamidah" ucapkanlah "Alloohumma robbanaa lakal hamdu", apabila imam sujud maka sujudlah, dan apabila imam shalat dengan duduk maka shalatlah kalian semua dengan duduk". [Muttafaq 'alaih. Nailul Authar Juz III, hal 157]

وَ فِى لَـفْظٍ اِنَّمَا اْلاِمَامُ لـِيُـؤْتَمَّ بِهِ. فَاِذَا كَـبَّـرَ فَكَـبّـِرُوْا وَلاَ تُكُـبِّ��رُوْا حَتَّى يُكَـبِّـرَ، وَ اِذَا رَكَـعَ فَـارْكَـعُوْا وَلاَ تَـرْكَـعُوْا حَتَّى يَـرْكَـعَ، وَ اِذَا سَجَدَ فَـاسْجُدُوْا وَلاَ تَـسْجُدُوْا حَتَّى يَـسْجُدَ. احمد و ابو داود

Dan pada satu lafadh : "Hanyasanya imam itu untuk diturut. Apabila imam bertakbir maka bertakbirlah, dan janganlah kalian bertakbir sehingga imam bertakbir, apabila imam ruku' maka ruku'lah dan jangan kalian ruku' sehingga imam ruku', apabila imam sujud, maka sujudlah dan jangan kalian bersujud sehingga imam bersujud". [HR. Ahmad Dan Abu Dawud, Nailul Authar Juz III, hal. 158]

4. Diam dan mendengarkan bacaan imam ketika imam membaca Al-Fatihah dan surah/ayat Al-Qur'an dengan jahr. Firman Allah SWT :

وَ اِذَا قُرِئَ اْلـقُرْانُ فَاسْتَمِعُوْا لَه وَ اَنــْصِتُوْا لَعَلَّكُمْ تُـرْحَمُوْنَ. الاعراف:204

Apabila dibacakan Al-Qur'an, maka dengarkanlah dan perhatikanlah agar kalian mendapat rahmat. [QS. Al-A'raf : 204]

اِنَّمَا جُعِلَ اْلاِمَامُ لـِيُـؤْتَمَّ بِهِ، فَاِذَا كَـبَّـرَ فَكَـبِّـرُوْا وَ اِذَا قَـرَأَ فَـأَنــْصِتُـوْا. احمد

Dijadikan imam itu hanya untuk diturut, maka apabila ia takbir hendaklah kalian takbir, dan apabila ia membaca, hendaklah kalian diam (mendengarkan). [HR. Ahmad]

5. Membaca "Aamiin" bersama imam ketika imam selesai membaca Al-Fatihah.

عَنْ اَبـِى هُرَيـْرَةَ رض اَنَّ رَسُوْلَ اللهِ ص قَالَ: اِذَا قَالَ اْلاِمَامُ: غَيْـرِ اْلمَغْضُوْبِ عَلَـيْهِمْ وَلاَ الضَّالِّـيْنَ، فَـقُـوْلُـوْا: آمـِيْنَ. فَـاِنَّهُ مَنْ وَافَقَ قَـوْلُهُ قَوْلَ اْلمَلاَئـِكَةِ غُفِرَ لَهُ مَا تَـقَدَّمَ مِنْ ذَنــْبِهِ. مالك والبخارىواللفظ له، ومسلم و ابوداودو النسائى و ابن ماجة

Dari Abu Hurairah RA, ia berkata : Sesungguhnya Rasulullah SAW bersabda : "Apabila imam (selesai) membaca "Ghoiril maghdluubi 'alaihim waladldloolliin", maka bacalah "Aamiin". Maka sesungguhnya barangsiapa yang ucapannya itu bertepatan dengan ucapannya malaikat niscaya diampuni baginya dari dosa-dosanya yang telah lalu".

[HR. Malik, Bukhari dan lafadh baginya, Muslim, Abu Dawud, Nasai dan Ibnu Majah]

عَنْ اَبــِى هُرَيـْرَةَ رض اَنَّ رَسُوْلَ اللهِ ص قَالَ: اِذَا اَمَّنَ اْلاِمَامُ فَاَمـِّنُوْا، فَاِنَّ مَنْ وَافَقَ تَـأْمـِيْنُهُ تَأْمِيْنَ اْلمَلاَئـِكَـةِ غُفِرَ لَهُ مَا تَـقَدَّمَ مِنْ ذَنــْبِهِ. الجماعة

Dari Abu Hurairah, ia berkata : Sesungguhnya Rasulullah SAW bersabda : "Apabila imam membaca "Amin", maka bacalah "Amin" karena sesungguhnya barangsiapa yang bacaan aminnya itu bertepatan dengan bacaan aminnya para malaikat, niscaya diampuni baginya dari dosa-dosanya yang telah lalu". [HR. Jama'ah]

6. Cukup membaca "Robbanaa lakal hamdu" atau "Robbanaa wa lakal hamdu" atau bacaan i'tidal yang lain, setelah imam membaca "Sami'alloohu liman hamidah".

اِذَا قَالَ اْلاِمَامُ سَمِعَ اللهُ لِـمَنْ حَمِدَهُ فَـقُـوُلُـوْا: رَبـَّنَا لَكَ اْلحَمْدُ. البخارى و مسلم

Apabila imam membaca "Sami'alloohu liman-hamidah" hendaklah kamu membaca "Robbanaa lakal hamdu". [HSR. Bukhari - Muslim]

7. Memperingatkan Imam apabila keliru (Tasbih - untuk pria, Tepuk tangan - untuk wanita)

عَنْ اَبـِى هُرَيـْرَةَ رض قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُوْلُ اللهِ ص: اَلـتَّسْبِـيْحُ لـِلـرِّجَالِ وَ الـتَّصْفِـيْقُ لـِلنِّسَاءِ. متفق عليه. و زاد مسلم فى الصلاة

Dari Abu Hurairah RA : "Tasbih itu bagi laki-laki dan bertepuk tangan itu bagi wanita". [Muttafiq 'alaih, dan Muslim menambah : "Di dalam shalat"].

عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ سَعْدٍ السَّاعِدِيِّ رض قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُوْلُ اللهِ ص: يَا اَيـُّهَا النَّاسُ مَا لَكُمْ حِيْنَ نَـابَكُمْ شَيْءٌ فِى الصَّلاَةِ اَخَذْتُمْ فِى الـتَّصْفِيْقِ، اِنَّمَا الـتَّصْفِيْقُ للِنِّسَاءِ. مَنْ نَـابَهُ شَيْءٌ فِى صَلاَتـِهِ فَـلْـيَقُلْ سُبْحَانَ اللهِ.البخارى و مسلم

Dari Sahl bin Sa'd As-Sa'idi RA ia berkata : Rasulullah SAW bersabda : "Hai manusia, mengapa kalian apabila terjadi sesuatu (kekeliruan) pada kalian di dalam shalat, lalu kalian bertepuk ? Hanyasanya tepuk tangan itu untuk wanita. Barangsiapa yang terjadi sesutau keleliruan di dalam shalatnya maka hendaklah ia memenegur dengan membaca "subhaanallooh". [HR. Bukhari Juz II, hal. 69]

8. Ancaman mendahului imam

عَنْ اَبــِى هُرَيـْرَةَ رض اَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ص قَالَ: اَمَا يَخـْشَى اَحَدُكُمْ اِذَا رَفَعَ رَأْسَهُ مِنْ رُكُـوْعٍ اَوْ سُجُوْدٍ قَـبْلَ اْلاِمَامِ اَنْ يَجْعَلَ اللهُ رَأْسَهُ رَأْسَ حِمَارٍ، اَوْ يَجـْعَلَ اللهُ صُوْرَتَهُ صُوْرَةَ حِمَارٍ. البخارى و مسلم و ابو داود و الترمذى و النسائى و ابن ماجه

Dari bu Hurairah RA, ia berkata : Sesungguhnya Nabi SAW bersabda : "Hendaknya seseorang diantara kalian takut, apabila mengangkat kepalanya dari Ruku' atau Sujud sebelum imam, bahwa Allah akan menjadikan kepalanya kepala himar atau menjadikan bentuknya, bentuk himar". [HR. Bukhari, Muslim, Abu Dawud, Tirmidzi, Nasai dan Ibnu Majah]

عَنِ ابـْنِ عُمَرَ رض عَنِ  النَّبِيِّ ص قَالَ: اَ لَّذِيْ يَخـْفِضُ وَ يَـرْفَعُ قَـبْلَ اْلاِمَامِ اِنَّمَا نَـاصِيَـتُهُ بِـيَدِ شَيْطَانٍ. البزار و الطبرانى باسناد حسن

Dari Ibnu 'Umar RA, dari Nabi SAW, beliau bersabda : "Orang yang menunduk dan mengangkat (kepala) sebelum imam, hanyasanya dia itu ubun-ubunnya ditangan syetan". [HR. Al-Bazzar dan Thabarani dengan sanad Hasan - Targhib wat Tarhib I : 334]

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Wacana Ringkas 47 : Benarkah Para Salaf Tidak Meletakkan Makna Zahir Untuk Lafaz Naṣ Yang Berkaitan Dengan Sifat Allah Yang Seolah-Olah Menunjukkan Ciri Makhluk?

Selalu yang disebarluaskan dan dicanangkan adalah para salaf tidak memahami makna zahir pada lafaz al-Qur^ān dan hadis yang berkaitan dengan sifat Allah yang menunjukkan adanya elemen makhluk seperti jisim, anggota, tempat, pergerakan dan lain-lain. Dengan kata lain, mereka melakukan pengosongan makna sama ada makna zahir atau makna lain, lalu diserahkan makna sebenar itu kepada Allah. Inilah yang dipertahankan oleh pendukung fahaman "zahir makna bukan yang dimaksudkan". Saya katakan, bahawa ini adalah kenyataan orang yang jauh dengan nukilan salaf lagi berdelusi dengan dunia sendiri tanpa berpijak di atas lantai realiti. Kalau tidak keterlaluan, saya katakan ini sesungguhnya adalah kebohongan yang nyata untuk dinisbahkan kepada salaf bagi yang cakna dengan ungkapan-ungkapan salaf. Lihat apa yang Ḥammād bin Zayd katakan tentang Jahmiyyah : إِنَّمَا يُحَاوِلُونَ أَنْ يَقُولُوا لَيْسَ فِي السَّمَاءِ شَيْءٌ "Mereka mencuba untuk berkata tidak ada sesuatu di langit". [As-Sunnah, karya *Abdullah bin Aḥmad bin Ḥanbal, jilid 1, m/s 117, keluaran Dār Ibn al-Qoyyim, tahqiq Muḥammad bin Sa*īd bin Sālim al-Qoḥṭōniyy]. *Abbād bin al-*Awwām berkata : كَلَّمْتُ بِشْرَ الْمَرِيسِيَّ وَأَصْحَابَ بِشْرٍ فَرَأَيْتُ آخِرَ كَلَامِهِمْ يَنْتَهِي أَنْ يَقُولُوا لَيْسَ فِي السَّمَاءِ شَيْءٌ "Aku berbicara dengan Bišr al-Marīisiyy dan sahabat Bišr. Aku melihat akhir kalam mereka mengakhiri katanya tidak ada sesuatu di langit". [As-Sunnah, karya *Abdullah bin Aḥmad bin Ḥanbal, jilid 1, m/s 162, keluaran Dār Ibn al-Qoyyim, tahqiq Muḥammad bin Sa*īd bin Sālim al-Qoḥṭōniyy]. Muḥammad bin *Uṯmān berkata : سَمِعْتُ عَبْدَ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنَ مَهْدِيٍّ: وَسَأَلَهُ، سَهْلُ بْنُ أَبِي خَدَّوَيْهِ عَنِ الْقُرْآنِ، فَقَالَ: «يَا أَبَا يَحْيَى مَا لَكَ وَلِهَذِهِ الْمَسَائِلِ هَذِهِ مَسَائِلُ أَصْحَابِ جَهْمٍ، إِنَّهُ لَيْسَ فِي أَصْحَابِ الْأَهْوَاءِ شَرٌّ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ جَهْمٍ يَدُورُونَ عَلَى أَنْ يَقُولُوا لَيْسَ فِي السَّمَاءِ شَيْءٌ، أَرَى وَاللَّهِ أَلَّا يُنَاكَحُوا وَلَا يُوَارَثُوا» Aku mendengar *Abdul Roḥmān bin Mahdiyy ketika Sahl bin H̱oddawayh tentang al-Qur^ān, lalu dia berkata: "Wahai Abū Yaḥyā! Kenapa dengan kamu? Kerana isu ini adalah isu pengikut Jahm. Sesungguhnya tidak ada dalam pengikut hawa nafsu yang lebih teruk berbanding pengikut Jahm yang berlegar dalam mengatakan tidak ada sesuatu di langit. Aku berpandangan -demi Allah!- mereka tidak boleh dinikahi dan tidak boleh diwarisi hartanya". [As-Sunnah, karya *Abdullah bin Aḥmad bin Ḥanbal, jilid 1, m/s 157, keluaran Dār Ibn al-Qoyyim, tahqiq Muḥammad bin Sa*īd bin Sālim al-Qoḥṭōniyy]. Kalaulah para salaf memahami bahawa lafaz "Allah di langit" tiada apa-apa makna dan sememangnya bukan di langit, untuk apa mereka berang terhadap Jahmiyyah yang menafikannya? Sepatutnya sepertimana mereka tidak perlu tersinggung bahawa Allah bukan di bumi dan di setiap tempat, seperti itulah mereka tidak patut terkesan jika ada yang mengingkari Allah di langit. Tidakkah sedemikian? 

Kalaulah sememangnya pendapat yang menyebutkan Allah di bumi dan di setiap tempat sepertimana yang dipertahan Jahmiyyah dengan mengeksploitasi ayat-ayat al-Qur^ān yang berkaitan berhak ditentang, bukankah sepatutnya mereka yang mengatakan Allah di langit juga adalah salah jika sememangnya Allah bukan di langit? Bukankah sepatutnya para salaf menjelaskan makna sebenar bagi lafaz naṣ yang menunjukkan Allah di langit sepertimana mereka menjelaskan salah faham Jahmiyyah terhadap ayat al-Qur^ān yang menunjukkan Allah di setiap tempat. Saya tidak bermaksud bahawa wujudnya tempat bagi-Nya ketika menyebutkan Allah di langit, tetapi menunjukkan penetapan makna yang zahir dari perkataan tersebut. Oleh itu, kalaulah salaf tidak memakai makna yang zahir, tidak perlu mereka tersinggung apabila dikatakan Allah bukan di langit sepertimana tidak perlu tersinggung jika dikatakan Allah bukan di bumi dan di setiap tempat. Untuk apa mempertahankan sesuatu yang bukan dimaksudkan? Bukankah sepatutnya begitu? Seolah-olah mereka rasa sakit terhadap panahan yang tidak tepat menyasar padanya!

Kalaulah dibacakan ayat-ayat kebersamaan Allah sepertimana yang Jahmiyyah mengambilnya sebagai dalil menetapkan keberadaan Allah di bumi di hadapan ulama salaf, lalu dikatakan pada mereka bahawa Allah bukan di bumi, maka para salaf tidak akan mengingkarinya. Kemudian, kalaulah dibaakan ayat-ayat Istiwā^ di hadapan mereka serta dibacakan hadis tentang pembebasan hamba sahaya dengan pertanyaan di mana Allah, lalu dikatakan pada mereka bahawa Allah bukan langit dan bukan di atas Arasy sepertimana Jahmiyyah menafikannya, pasti ahli sunnah akan membentaknya sepertimana *Abdul Roḥmān bin Mahdiyy, Ḥammād bin Zayd dan *Abbād bin al-*Awwām lakukan! Sekarang, jelas pada kita bahawa sememangnya ahli sunnah mengisbatkan Allah di atas langit yang tujuh di atas Arasy secara hakiki dengan bukan makna persentuhan, namun yang selayaknya dengan sifat ketuhanan-Nya.  Bahkan banyak juga nukilan yang menyatakan Allah di atas Arasy sepertimana dalam Iṯbāt Ṣifah al-*Uluww karya Ibn Qudāmah dan al-*Uluww Li al-*Aliyy al-Ġoffār karya aḏ-Ḏahabiyy. Apakah mereka ucapkan ini dalam keadaan tidak tahu makna atau bukan daripada makna firman Allah yang ini? : الرَّحْمَنُ عَلَى الْعَرْشِ اسْتَوَى "Yang Maha Pemurah bersemayam di atas Arasy". [Surah Ṭoha ayat 5]. Pernahkah Jahmiyyah menolak ayat ini? Tidak pernah ada rekod sedemikian. Apa yang mereka buat adalah mentakwil dan mengubah makna yang tidak sepatutnya sehingga menafikan keberadaan-Nya di atas. Kalaulah makna asal keberadaannya-Nya di atas tidak difahami oleh para salaf atau mereka sekadar membiarkan lafaz tanpa makna, untuk apa mereka menjadikan ayat ini sebagai membantah iktikad Jahmiyyah bahawa Allah di setiap tempat dan berulang kali menegaskan bahawa Allah di atas Arasy? Adakah mereka mempertahankan suatu makna yang bukan dimaksudkan oleh mereka? Lihat apa yang diriwayatkan al-Buẖōriyy seperti berikut : وَقَالَ ابْنُ الْمُبَارَكِ: «لَا نَقُولُ كَمَا قَالَتِ الْجَهْمِيَّةُ إِنَّهُ فِي الْأَرْضِ هَهُنَا، بَلْ عَلَى الْعَرْشِ اسْتَوَى» ، وَقِيلَ لَهُ: كَيْفَ تَعْرِفُ رَبَّنَا؟ قَالَ: «فَوْقَ سَمَاوَاتِهِ عَلَى عَرْشِهِ» Berkata Ibn al-Mubārok: "Kami tidak mengatakan sepertimana Jahmiyyah katakan bahawasanya Dia di bumi di sini, bahkan Dia bersemayam di atas Arasy". Dikatakan kepadanya: "Bagaimana engkau mengenali tuhan kita?". Dia berkata: "Di atas langit-langitNya atas Arasy-Nya". [H̱olq Af*āl al-*Ibād Wa ar-Rodd *Alā al-Jahmiyyah, m/s 30, keluaran Dār al-Ma*ārif as-Su*ūdiyyah, ar-Riyāḍ, tahqiq *Abdul Roḥmān *Umayroh]. Lihat juga perbahasan Aḥmad bin Ḥanbal dalam melawan Jahmiyyah : فقلنا: لِمَ أنكرتم أن يكون الله على العرش، وقد قال تعالى: {الرَّحْمَنُ عَلَى الْعَرْشِ اسْتَوَى} [طه: 5] وقال: {خَلَقَ السَّمَوَاتِ وَالأَرْضَ فِي سِتَّةِ أَيَّامٍ ثُمَّ اسْتَوَى عَلَى الْعَرْشِ} [الحديد: 4] . فقالوا: هو تحت الأرض السابعة. كما هو على العرش، فهو على العرش وفي السموات وفي الأرض وفي كل مكان، ولا يخلو منه مكان، ولا يكون في مكان دون مكان. وتلو آية من القرآن: {وَهُوَ اللَّهُ فِي السَّمَوَاتِ وَفِي الأَرْضِ} [الأنعام: 3]. فقلنا: قد عرف المسلمون أماكن كثيرة ليس فيها من عظمة الرب شيء. فقالوا: أي مكان؟ فقلنا: أجسامكم وأجوافكم وأجواف الخنازير والحشوش، والأماكن القذرة ليس فيها من عظمة الرب شيء. وقد أخبرنا أنه في السماء، فقال: {أَأَمِنتُمْ مَنْ فِي السَّمَاءِ أَنْ يَخْسِفَ بِكُمْ الأَرْضَ} [الملك: 16]. {أَمْ أَمِنتُمْ مَنْ فِي السَّمَاءِ أَنْ يُرْسِلَ عَلَيْكُمْ حَاصِبًا} [الملك: 17]. وقال: {إِلَيْهِ يَصْعَدُ الْكَلِمُ الطَّيِّبُ} [فاطر: 10]. وقال: {إِنِّي مُتَوَفِّيكَ وَرَافِعُكَ إِلَيَّ} [آل عمران: 55]. {بَلْ رَفَعَهُ اللَّهُ إِلَيْهِ} [النساء: 158]. وقال: {وَلَهُ مَنْ فِي السَّمَوَاتِ وَالأَرْضِ وَمَنْ عِنْدَهُ} [الأنبياء: 19]. وقال: {يَخَافُونَ رَبَّهُمْ مِنْ فَوْقِهِمْ} 1 [النحل: 50]. وقال: {ذِي الْمَعَارِجِ} [المعارج: 3]. وقال: {وَهُوَ الْقَاهِرُ فَوْقَ عِبَادِهِ} [الأنعام: 18]. وقال: {وَهُوَ الْعَلِيُّ الْعَظِيمُ} [البقرة: 255]. فهذا خبر الله، أخبرنا أنه في السماء. Kami berkata: "Mengapa kalian mengingkari bahawa Allah berada di atas Arasy? Sedangkan Dia Ta*ālā berfirman: {Yang Maha Pemurah bersemayam di atas Arasy} [Surah Ṭoha ayat 5]. Dia berfirman: {Dia menciptakan langit-langit dan bumi dalam enam hari, kemudian Dia bersemayam di atas Arasy}. [Surah al-Ḥadīd ayat 4]". Mereka berkata: "Dia di bawah bumi yang tujuh sepertimana Dia di atas Arasy. Dia di atas Arasy, di langit-langitm di bumi dan setiap tempat. Tidak sepi tempat daripada-Nya. Tidak dia berada dalam suatu tempat yang bukan tempat". Mereka membaca sepotong ayat daripada al-Qur^ān: {Dialah Allah di langit dan di bumi} [Surah al-An*ām ayat 3]. Kami berkata: "Para Muslimin telah mengetahui tempat yang banyak yang yang tidak ada sesuatu daripada keagungan tuhan di dalamnya". Mereka berkata: "Mana tempatnya?". Kami berkata: "Di jasmani kalian, di rongga kalian, di rongga khinzir, di kotoran dan tempat-tempat yang kotor tidak ada sesuatu daripada keagungan tuhan di dalamnya. Telah Dia mengkhabarkan kami bahawasanya Dia di langit. Dia berfirman: {Adakah kalian beriman terhadap yang di langit yang menenggelamkan bumi bersama kalian?} [Surah al-Mulk ayat 16]. {Adakah kalian beriman yang di langit yang menurunkan angin kerikil kepada kalian?} [Surah al-Mulk ayat 17}. Dia berfirman: {Kepada-Nya naik kalimah yang baik} [Surah Fāṭir ayat 10]. Dia berfirman: {Sesungguhnya Aku yang mematikanmu dan mengangkatmu kepada-Ku} [Surah Āli *Imrōn ayat 55]. {Bahkan Dia mengangkatnya kepada-Nya} [Surah an-Nisā^ ayat 158]. Dia berfirman: {Miliknya mereka yang beradi di langit-langit, di bumi dan di sisi-Nya} [Surah al-Anbiyā^ ayat 19[. Dia berfirman: {Mereka takut dengan tuhan mereka dari atas mereka} [Surah an-Naḥl ayat 50]. Dia berkata: {Yang menguasai tempat turun naik} [Surah al-Ma*ārij ayat 3]. Dia berfirman: {Dialah Yang Maha Keras di atas hamba-Nya}[Surah al-An*ām ayat 18]. Dia berfirman: {Dialah Maha Tinggi lagi Maha Agung} [Surah al-Baqoroh ayat 255]. Ini adalah khabar Allah. Dia mengkhabarkan kita bahawsanya Dia di langit". [Ar-Rodd *Alā al-Jahmiyyah Wa az-Zanādiqoh, m/s 142-147, Dār aṯ-Ṯabāt Li an-Našr Wa at-Tawzī*, tahqiq Ṣobriyy bin Salāmah Šāhīn]. Adakah Ibn al-Mubārok dan Aḥmad bin Ḥanbal mengatakan sebegini untuk menyelar Jahmiyyah yang berpendapat Allah di bumi dalam keadaan mengosongkan makna dalam perkataan "Allah di langit" ketika mengisbatkannya dan apa yang terkandung dalam Surah Ṭoha ayat 5 atau memakai makna yang lain daripada yang zahir atau tidak tahu apa yang dimaksudkan dalam naṣ? Sangat tidak masuk akal! Jelaslah bahawa salaf sememangnya menanggung makna yang zahir, namun tanpa kayf dan tasybih sama ada dalam menegaskan pendirian atau membantah Jahmiyyah. Untuk memahami manhaj salaf dalam hal ini, saya telah membentangkannya dalam penulisan saya yang berjudul "Penjelasan Interaksi Dengan Naṣ Sifat Allah". Nukillah beratus-ratus pendapat dari kalangan mutaakhirin yang menyatakan sebaliknya. Akan tetapi, mana-mana yang mendakwa ia adalah apa yang difahami salaf, tetapi realitinya bertentangan dengan apa yang ditelusuri mereka, ia tidak perlu dipedulikan dan tertolak. Kefahaman salaf perlu mengikut mutaakhirin atau sebaliknya wahai sang tolol? Kalau benar bahawa kami salah, kami cabar mereka yang mendukung fahaman "zahir maknanya bukan yang dimaksudkan" untuk membaca dan menghadamkan ar-Rodd *Alā al-Jahmiyyah dan an-Naqd *Alā al-Marīsiyy yang kedua-duanya karya Abū Sa*īd ad-Dārimiyy, H̱olq Af*āl al-*Ibād karya al-Buẖōriyy, as-Sunnah karya *Abdullah bin Aḥmad bin Ḥanbal, as-Sunnah karya Abū Bakr al-H̱ollāl, Iṯbāt Sifah al-*Uluww karya Ibn Qudāmah dan al-*Uluww Li al-*Aliyy al-Ġoffār karya aḏ-Ḏahabiyy. Kami mahu kalian baca kitab ini tanpa ada prasangka adanya tasybih dalam kandungan kitab tersebut. Kami mahu kalian bentangkan dan kongsikan kepada teman-teman sekalian dan juga kepada kami nukilan yang ada di dalamnya, lalu buktikan bagaimana ia sama sekali tidak menggugat kalian dari menuduh tasybih dan ia harmoni dengan dasar manhaj yang kalian berprinsip. Tunjukkan kepada dunia bahawa "zahir makna yang bukan dimaksudkan" adalah benar pada pemahamannya melalui nukilan salaf. Jika tidak, maka manhaj mereka sama sekali tidak berpaksi atas realiti. Demi mentari yang menyinari bumi! Orang yang berakal lagi waras akan melihat bahawa sebenarnya merekalah yang membina jurang untuk berpaling daripada realiti. Manhaj mereka sama sekali tidak relevan untuk berinteraksi dengan kalam salaf seperti yang telah dinukilkan tadi atau rujukan yang telah dibentangkan tadi. Tidak perlu layani salakan mereka untuk berdebat dan diskusi selagimana mereka bersikap berpura-pura tidak tahu dengan kitab ini, apatah lagi adanya keinginan untuk memerhati, menganalisis dan membentangkan kupasan bahawa dasar mereka lurus dan harmoni dengan pemahaman salaf. Selagimana mereka enggan berbuat demikian, merekalah sebenarnya yang merugikan diri sendiri setelah kebaikan yang ditawarkan kepada mereka tidak diambil ringan, malah dicela hanya kerana berbeza aliran. Mereka tidak berbeza dengan si jadong yang terdesak menang dan enggan untuk membuka mindanya.

Ambilan : https://www.wattpad.com/964123853-al-h%CC%B1i%E1%B9%AD%C5%8Db-al-waj%C4%ABz-wacana-ringkas-47

[thecommonground-se]

The Crucifixion & Resurrection of Jesus are Undeniable Facts

Image caption: 

This article was published in the Swedish newspaper Dagen on August 30th, 2019. » Read the Swedish article online here » Download pdf file of the article here

THE EVIDENCE that Jesus died on the cross is overwhelming. Yet there are those who claim that he quit and traveled to Kashmir, where he later died and was buried, writes Emmanuel Luther Ratiq.

The majority of Muslims deny the death and crucifixion of Jesus Christ but acknowledge that he lives in heaven. They do not deny historical facts, such as when Paul writes that Jesus died, were buried, and arose from the dead, seen by Cephas, by the twelve and finally by five hundred people (1 Corinthians 15:1–6). There are no contemporary historical facts that are better substantiated than these.

The Qur’an also deals with Jesus’ death: ”[God’s] peace was with me on the day I was born and will be with me on the day I die and on the day when I shall be raised from the dead.” (Al Nisa, 4:158) When we compare we find that the texts correspond with Paul’s summation of the core of the Christian faith.

For Christians, the good news of salvation for mankind is related to Jesus’ death on the cross and his resurrection, which has been confirmed by Roman and Jewish historians and also by reputed Muslim scholars. But this has never been liked by some sceptics and agnostics like the French philosopher Auguste Comte, and the Russian Nikolaus Notovitch. Instead, they put forward the idea that Jesus’ body was taken down from the cross before he died and that he was quickened and the wounds healed by the herbs his body smeared with.

These theories were adopted by, among others, the German theologian Friedrich Schleiermacher and intercepted by the founder of the Ahmedia movement Mirza Ghulam Ahmad from India. He claimed to be the long-awaited Al-Mahdi for Muslims and the promised Messiah for both Muslims and Christians. He often cited the New Testament in support of his theories, even though Jesus’ death on the cross is mentioned more than 157 times. He claimed that Jesus was taken down before he died at the execution site and later traveled to Kashmir to search for ”Israel’s lost sheep”. These theories are still being spread by missionaries from the Ahmedia Movement.

Roman documents, the Jews who asked for Jesus to be crucified, early historians like Josephus, Pliny, Tacitus and Celsus – all these sources state the same thing as the New Testament, that Jesus died and was buried. Christians are convinced that he also arose in accordance with Old Testament scriptures. The crucifixion and resurrection were events that could be experienced with natural senses. After the resurrection, the disciples saw Jesus on several occasions and heard him speak. They even touched him and walked with him. It was not a dream or a hallucination but a historical fact that cannot be disproved with logic and reason.

Teaching people who believe what God said in the gospel of Jesus’ death on the cross, His resurrection and ascension, does not doubt these facts. Believers have the testimony of the Spirit that scripture is true. They can say with Peter that what is written in the Bible about Jesus’ suffering, death, and resurrection ”... were not skillfully co-ordinated fables” (2 Pet 1:16).

The arguments presented by Mirza Ghulam Ahmad recur with his followers in books and articles. Trying to get support for a denial of Jesus’ death and resurrection on the third day is like expecting darkness from a sun shining on a bright day. Still, let’s look at some of the texts often quoted in the attempts to rebuke Jesus’ crucifixion, resurrection, and ascension.

1. The prayer of Jesus in Gethsemane. Jesus asked not to drink the cup of suffering and pain. He was a man who felt pain. But he knew that he had become a man to die: ”... I give my life for the sheep.” (John 10:15). His prayer was not to let go of death on the cross, but to let go of the suffering and the pain. He was prayed immediately: ”An angel from heaven appeared unto him, and gave him power.” (Luke 22:43).

2. The Sign of Jonah (Matt. 12:4). Jesus referred to a resemblance between his own death and resurrection and Jonah’s stay in the belly of the fish. The similarity existed during the time period. We should not push other details out of this comparison. The Qur’an says that Jonah was conscious in the belly of the fish and that he prayed to Allah (Qur’an Anbiya no. 21, Saffat no. 37). Jesus, according to the Ahmadian teachings, was fainted to his grave and there he lay for three days and three nights before he quickened.

3. The lost sheep from the house of Israel (Matthew 15:24). When the word ”lost” or ”lost” is used in the Bible, it is done figuratively (Ps 119:176, 1 Pet 2:25). In the Qur’an and also in the hadiths the same concept is used: ”And He did not see you astray and guide you”. Jesus used the word in the same way when he spoke of the Jews in Palestine.

Nobody can really deny Jesus death on the cross, because the internal and external evidence is overwhelming. We thank God that all who are aware that they need salvation and reconciliation can say with Job: ”I know that my deliverer lives” (Job 19:25). Jesus is a sign and a hope also in the Qur’an: ”His (Jesus) [resurrection and the return to the earth] shall be a sign that the Last Moment is approaching; therefore, do not doubt it” (Surah Zukhruf v 61).

– * –

Emmanuel Luther Ratiq M A, journalist and author of ”Jesus. Contact and conflict between Christians and Muslims” www.thecommonground.se

[ishmaelray]

Muhammad in the Bible (Debunked)

In this article I will be responding to Zakir Naik who claims Muhammad in the bible

Zakir writes

Prophet Muhammad (pbuh) in the Old Testament:

The Qur’an mentions in Surah Al-Araf chapter 7 verse 157:

"Those who follow the Messenger, the unlettered Prophet, whom they find mentioned in their own (scriptures) in the law and the Gospel".

My response

As you can read that Muslims are compelled to find Muhammad in the Torah because if they can’t it proves Allah is a liar

Zakir writes 

1.  

MUHAMMAD (PBUH) PROPHESISED IN THE BOOK OF DEUTERONOMY:

Almighty God speaks to Moses in Book of Deuteronomy chapter 18 verse 18:

"I will raise them up a Prophet from among their brethren, like unto thee, and I will put my words in his mouth; and  he shall speak unto them all that I shall command him."

The Christians say that this prophecy refers to Jesus (pbuh) because Jesus (pbuh) was like Moses (pbuh). Moses   (pbuh) was a Jew, as well as Jesus (pbuh) was a Jew. Moses (pbuh) was a Prophet and Jesus (pbuh) was also a Prophet

My Response 

Zakir Naik claims that Deuteronomy 18:18 is saying this is speaking Muhammad while if we go 1 chapter before this in  DEUTERONOMY 17:15

Thou shalt in any wise set him king over thee, whom the LORD thy God shall choose: one from among thy brethren shalt thou set king over thee: thou mayest not set a stranger over thee, which is not thy brother.

So in Deuteronomy 17:15 God is telling the Israelite to set an Israelite as a king over them, so a Prophet is higher than a king, so if the Israelite were command by Yahovah to appoint as their own fellow country men as king over them why would be set an Arab or anyone else as a prophet over them? It even said this 

thou mayest not set a stranger over thee, which is not thy brother.

So if a stranger or someone from another nations is not brother to the Israelite why would an Arab be?

The NIV put it like this 

Be sure to appoint over you a king the LORD your God chooses. He must be from among your fellow Israelites. Do not place a foreigner over you, one who is not an Israelite. 

Let read in context

The LORD your God will raise up unto you a Prophet from the midst of you, of your brethren, like unto me; unto him you shall hearken;

According to all that you desired of the LORD your God in Horeb in the day of the assembly, saying, Let me not hear again the voice of the LORD my God, neither let me see this great fire any more, that I die not.

And the LORD said unto me, They have well spoken that which they have spoken.

will raise them up a Prophet from among their brethren, like unto you, and will put my words in his mouth; and he shall speak unto them all that I shall command him.

And it shall come to pass, that whosoever will not hearken unto my words which he shall speak in my name, I will require it of him. - Deuteronomy 18:15:18

Verse 16 which I embolden is the key verse it goes back the book of Exodus

And they said to Moses, Speak you with us, and we will hear: but let not God speak with us, lest we die.   

Let curry on with his article 

Zakir Naik writes 

The Christians say that this prophecy refers to Jesus (pbuh) because Jesus (pbuh) was like Moses (pbuh). Moses   (pbuh) was a Jew, as well as Jesus (pbuh) was a Jew. Moses (pbuh) was a Prophet and Jesus (pbuh) was also a Prophet.

If these two are the only criteria for this prophecy to be fulfilled, then all the Prophets of the Bible who came after Moses (pbuh) such as Solomon, Isaiah, Ezekiel, Daniel, Hosea, Joel, Malachi, John the Baptist, etc. (pbut) will   fulfill this prophecy since all were Jews as well as prophets.

My response 

As I already shown that this verse from Deuteronomy 18:15-18 is talking about an Israelite to be prophet after Moses

Since he is appealing to the old testament the Jews would say this is talking of Joshua and Christians would say this talking of Jesus and we all know Joshua and Jesus were Israelite regardless of who it is, both Jews and Christians are right in saying that this prophet to come after Moses was another Israelite!

Let curry on 

Zakir Naik write

However, it is Prophet Muhammad (pbuh) who is like Moses (pbuh):

Both had a father and a mother, while Jesus (pbuh) was born miraculously without any male intervention.

[Mathew 1:18 and Luke 1:35 and also Al-Qur'an 3:42-47]

 Both were married and had children. Jesus (pbuh) according to the Bible did not marry nor had children.

Both died natural deaths. Jesus (pbuh) has been raised up alive. (4:157-158)

My response 

Actually Muhammad was poisoned by a Jewish woman, so he didn’t die a natural death

[issbkityari]

When Pakistan Became A Member Of UNO? (30 Sep 1947) 155) : Jang-e-Furqan Kis Ko Kehty Hain? (Battle Of Badar) 156) : 2+2/2= (3) 157) : Ghazwae Ohad Mein Shaheed Hone Wale Muslims Ki Tadaad? (85) 158) : Pakistan Mein Electric Energy Ki Sabse Bari Source? {Thermal (Both Oil And Gas)} 159) : Location Of Iran With Respect To Pakistan? (West) 160) : Jange Yamama Mein Shaheed Hone Wale Muslims Ki Tadaad? (70) 161) : Date Of Publishing Of Cause Of Revolt? (10 May 1857) 162) : Objective Resolution Was Showed In Assembly On? (7 March 1949) 163) : Noun ''School" Can Be Replaced With? (It) 164) : SAFTA Stands For? (South Asian Free Trade Area) 165) : Strength Of Muslims in Battle of Uhad? (1000) 166) : How Many Articles Are In English? {Two ( A & The)} 167) : IMF Stands For? (International Monetry Fund) 168) : Founder Of Urdu Defence Association? (Mohsin Ul Mulk) 169) : How Many Times Name Of Hazrat Jibrael Is Mentioned In Quran ? (4 Times) 170) : Mount Olympus Is In? (Greece) 171) : Last Prophet Sent To Bani Israel? (Hazrat Eesa AS) 172) : France Curreny Before Euro? (Franc) 173) : What Is One Tenth Of 90? (90/10 = 9) 174) : What Is One Tenth Of 120? (120/10 = 12) 175) : Hazrat Bilal R.A Was Slave Of? (Ummaiya Bin Half) 176) : Mostly Articles Come Before?{Noun (i.e Singular Noun)} 177) : Literal Meaning Of Islam? (Voluntry Submission To Allah) 178) : In Class Of 1500 Students 1200 Are Present, Find The Percentage Of Present Students? (80%) 179) : In Class Of 500 Students 340 Are Present, Find The Percentage Of Absent Students? (32%) 180) : Akhuwat (Mawakhaat) Means? (Brotherhood) 181) : What is Hudabiya? {Treaty (Place)} 182) : Ziarat Is The Residency Of? (Quaid e Azam) 183) : Age of Holy Prophet PBUH as Fujjar? (15) 184) : Who Translated The Holy Quran In Urdu First? (Maulana Aashiq) 185) : Name Of China-India Border? (McMohan Line) 186) : Jihad Of Women Is? (Hijaab) 187) : They Are Three Brothers, Ali is ______ Of The Three? (Cleverest) 188) : He Served Us ______ Breakfast? (A Good) 189) : Where Are Salt Mines? (Khewra) 190) : Fattah Khyber? (7 Hijri) 191) : Namaz e Istasqa Is Offered For? (Rain) 192) : Jinnah Research Centre Was Established In The Year? (1991) 193) : Lahore Resolution Date? (23rd March 1940) 194) : 1st World War Ended In? (1918) 195) : Largest Island? (Greenland) 196) : OPEC Stand For? (Organization Of Petroleum Exporting Countries) 197) : Diamer Bhasha Dam Is On Which River? (River Indus) 198) : Jange Uhad Ka Maarka Kab Pesh Aya? (3 Hijri) 199) : Jinnah Research Centre Is Situated In? (Queen Maund Land, Eastern Antarctica) 200) : Name The Only Sahabi Mentioned In Holy Quran? (Hazrat Zaid Bin Haris RA) 201) : FSB Is A Secret Agency Of Which Country? (Russia) 202) : "Morals Of Quran Are Embodiment Of Holy Prophet (S.A.W)", Who Said This? (Hazrat Ayesha R.A) 203) : Wazeere Khazana? (Asad Umar) 204) : Roohullah Is The Title Of? (Hazrat Esa A.S) 205) : Zaboor Was Revealed On? (Hazrat Dawood A.S) 206) : Length Of LOC? (740KM) 207) : Mangla Dam Is On Which River? (River Jehlum) 208) : Which Province Of Pakistan Is Called Babul Islam? (Sindh) 209) : Barri Doab Is Between? (River Ravi And Beas) 210) : Moaztain Surah Name? (Surah Al-Falak And Surah An-Naas) 211) : Which Surah Was Recited In Front Of Najashi? (Surah Maryam) 212) : Sea With Most Salted Water? (Dead Sea) 213) : Luknow Pact Was Between Which Parties? (Indian National Congress And Muslim League) 214) : Lengthiest Constitution? (Indian Constitution) 215) : Shah Walliullah Died In Which Year? (1762) 216) : Siachin Glacier Is Situated In Which Mountain Range? (Eastern Karakoram Range) 217) : If A Train Covers 120 Miles Per Hour. How Much Will It Cover In 12 Minutes? (38.4KM or 24 Miles) 218) : Which Surah Is Called The Heart Of Holy Quran? (Surah Yaseen) 219) : If Yesterday Was Monday Then What Will Be The Day After Tomorrow? (Thursday) 220) : 500 Students Are In A Class, 360 Are Boys, Find The Girls%? (28%) 221) : If A Helicopter Need 50 Gallons To Move 320 Kilometer. Then How Much Gallons Helicopter Need If It Moves 400 Kilometer? (62.5 Gallons) 222) : Amja

[elkooly]

http://quran.ksu.edu.sa/tafseer/katheer-tafheem/sura4-aya155.html

tafasir التفاسيــر Translations التراجــم

Printable Version واجهة الطباعة

Main Version الواجهة الرئيسية

Project parts أجزاء المشروع

سورة Sura   النساء   An-Nisaa

آية Aya 155

فَبِمَا نَقْضِهِم مِّيثَاقَهُمْ وَكُفْرِهِم بِآيَاتِ اللَّهِ وَقَتْلِهِمُ الْأَنبِيَاءَ بِغَيْرِ حَقٍّ وَقَوْلِهِمْ قُلُوبُنَا غُلْفٌ ۚ بَلْ طَبَعَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهَا بِكُفْرِهِمْ فَلَا يُؤْمِنُونَ إِلَّا قَلِيلًا (155) وَبِكُفْرِهِمْ وَقَوْلِهِمْ عَلَىٰ مَرْيَمَ بُهْتَانًا عَظِيمًا (156) وَقَوْلِهِمْ إِنَّا قَتَلْنَا الْمَسِيحَ عِيسَى ابْنَ مَرْيَمَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ وَمَا قَتَلُوهُ وَمَا صَلَبُوهُ وَلَٰكِن شُبِّهَ لَهُمْ ۚ وَإِنَّ الَّذِينَ اخْتَلَفُوا فِيهِ لَفِي شَكٍّ مِّنْهُ ۚ مَا لَهُم بِهِ مِنْ عِلْمٍ إِلَّا اتِّبَاعَ الظَّنِّ ۚ وَمَا قَتَلُوهُ يَقِينًا (157) بَل رَّفَعَهُ اللَّهُ إِلَيْهِ ۚ وَكَانَ اللَّهُ عَزِيزًا حَكِيمًا (158) وَإِن مِّنْ أَهْلِ الْكِتَابِ إِلَّا لَيُؤْمِنَنَّ بِهِ قَبْلَ مَوْتِهِ ۖ وَيَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ يَكُونُ عَلَيْهِمْ شَهِيدًا (159) فَبِظُلْمٍ مِّنَ الَّذِينَ هَادُوا حَرَّمْنَا عَلَيْهِمْ طَيِّبَاتٍ أُحِلَّتْ لَهُمْ وَبِصَدِّهِمْ عَن سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ كَثِيرًا (160) وَأَخْذِهِمُ الرِّبَا وَقَدْ نُهُوا عَنْهُ وَأَكْلِهِمْ أَمْوَالَ النَّاسِ بِالْبَاطِلِ ۚ وَأَعْتَدْنَا لِلْكَافِرِينَ مِنْهُمْ عَذَابًا أَلِيمًا (161) لَّٰكِنِ الرَّاسِخُونَ فِي الْعِلْمِ مِنْهُمْ وَالْمُؤْمِنُونَ يُؤْمِنُونَ بِمَا أُنزِلَ إِلَيْكَ وَمَا أُنزِلَ مِن قَبْلِكَ ۚ وَالْمُقِيمِينَ الصَّلَاةَ ۚ وَالْمُؤْتُونَ الزَّكَاةَ وَالْمُؤْمِنُونَ بِاللَّهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ أُولَٰئِكَ سَنُؤْتِيهِمْ أَجْرًا عَظِيمًا (162)

الصفحة Page 103

التفسير Tafsir (explication) ابن كثير – Ibn-Katheer

  فَبِمَا نَقْضِهِم مِّيثَاقَهُمْ وَكُفْرِهِم بِآيَاتِ اللَّهِ وَقَتْلِهِمُ الْأَنبِيَاءَ بِغَيْرِ حَقٍّ وَقَوْلِهِمْ قُلُوبُنَا غُلْفٌ ۚ بَلْ طَبَعَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهَا بِكُفْرِهِمْ فَلَا يُؤْمِنُونَ إِلَّا قَلِيلًا (155)

وهذه من الذنوب التي ارتكبوها ، مما أوجب لعنتهم وطردهم وإبعادهم عن الهدى ، وهو نقضهم المواثيق والعهود التي أخذت عليهم ، وكفرهم بآيات الله ، أي : حججه وبراهينه ، والمعجزات التي شاهدوها على أيدي الأنبياء ، عليهم السلام . قوله ( وقتلهم الأنبياء بغير حق ) وذلك لكثرة إجرامهم واجترائهم على أنبياء الله ، فإنهم قتلوا جما غفيرا من الأنبياء [ بغير حق ] عليهم السلام . وقولهم : ( قلوبنا غلف ) قال ابن عباس ، ومجاهد ، وسعيد بن جبير ، وعكرمة ، والسدي ، وقتادة ، وغير واحد : أي في غطاء . وهذا كقول المشركين : ( وقالوا قلوبنا في أكنة مما تدعونا إليه [ وفي آذاننا وقر ومن بيننا وبينك حجاب فاعمل إننا عاملون ] ) [ فصلت : 5 ] . وقيل : معناه أنهم ادعوا أن قلوبهم غلف للعلم ، أي : أوعية للعلم قد حوته وحصلته . رواه الكلبي ، عن أبي صالح ، عن ابن عباس . وقد تقدم نظيره في سورة البقرة . قال الله تعالى : ( بل طبع الله عليها بكفرهم ) فعلى القول الأول كأنهم يعتذرون إليه بأن قلوبهم لا تعي ما يقول ; لأنها في غلف وفي أكنة ، قال الله [ تعالى ] بل هو مطبوع عليها بكفرهم . وعلى القول الثاني عكس عليهم ما ادعوه من كل وجه ، وقد تقدم الكلام على مثل هذا في سورة البقرة . ( فلا يؤمنون إلا قليلا ) أي : مردت قلوبهم على الكفر والطغيان وقلة الإيمان .

التفسير Tafsir (explication) Tafheem Al-Quran – English – تفهيم القرآن بالإنجليزي

  (155) (4:155) (They have incurred Allah’s wrath) for their breaking the covenant, and their rejection of the signs of Allah, and for slaying Prophets without right, and for saying: ‘Our hearts are wrapped up in covers’ *187 -even though in fact Allah has sealed their hearts because of their unbelief, so that they scarcely believe *188

*187). This statement of the Jews has already been mentioned in Surah al-Baqarah 2: 88. In fact, like all ignorant worshippers of falsehood, these people also boasted that their faith in the ideas and prejudices, customs and usages of their forefathers was so firm that they could never be made to forsake them. Whenever the Messengers of God tried to admonish them, they have been told point-blank that no matter what argument or evidence the latter might adduce in support of their message, they would never be prepared to alter their viewpoint. (See Towards Understanding the Qur’an, vol. I, Surah 2, n. 94.) *188). This is a parenthetical statement.

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Easter massage from Quran SURAH AN-NISA (4) (The Women) 157. "That they said (in boast), "We killed Christ Jesus the son of Mary, the Messenger of Allah.;- but they killed him not, nor crucified him, but so it was made to appear to them, and those who differ therein are full of doubts, with no (certain) knowledge, but only conjecture to follow, for of a surety they killed him not:- 158. Nay, Allah raised him up unto Himself; and Allah is Exalted in Power, Wise;- (at Bethlehem, West Bank)

[quranreadalong]

#45, Surah 6

THE QURAN READ-ALONG, DAY 45

We’re gonna power through all the way to the end of the surah today. It has not been the most enlightening surah of all time, I know. But we’re at the end of it. Let’s make fun of the polytheists some more.

Our first ayah today is a title-drop--yes, the cattle. What is wrong with the cattle? The polytheists say that some cattle belong to Allah, that some vegetation belongs to other gods, etc. Ibn Kathir explains:

When they, the enemies of Allah, would cultivate the land or collect produce, they would assign a part of it to Allah and another part to the idol. They would keep the share for the idol, whether land, produce or anything else, and preserve its division to such an extent that they would collect anything that accidentally falls from the share they assigned to Allah and add it to the share of the idol. If the water that they assigned for the idol irrigated something (a section of land, for instance) that they assigned for Allah, they would add whatever this water irrigated to the idol's share!

Allah is very upset by the idols stealing his land. “Evil is their ordinance,” he tells us. He also says that he will punish the idolators for saying some cattle are off-limits for holy reasons and that certain contents of the cows’ stomachs are reserved for certain people. Allah takes this whole cattle business very seriously. We’re off to a fantastic bad start.

In between those ayat is this one, 6:137.

Thus have their (so-called) partners (of Allah) made the killing of their children to seem fair unto many of the idolaters, that they may ruin them and make their faith obscure for them. Had Allah willed (it otherwise), they had not done so. So leave them alone with their devices.

Okay, yes, Mohammed is literally saying “don’t stop people from sacrificing their children because Allah wants them to do it so they won’t be believers” here, but that’s not the only problem. This ayah is just about child-killing in general for any reason, but I’m sure many of you have heard that infanticide and specifically female infanticide was a common practice in pre-Islamic Arabia. So I’m gonna put this in big-ass text so y’all won’t miss it.

🚨 THERE IS ABSOLUTELY NO EVIDENCE THAT “CHILD SACRIFICE” OR INFANTICIDE WAS PRACTICED IN PRE-ISLAMIC ARABIA ON A SCALE LARGER THAN IT WAS IN THE ISLAMIC ERA. THERE IS NOT A SINGLE PIECE OF ARCHEOLOGICAL OR HISTORICAL EVIDENCE SUGGESTING IT WAS A PARTICULARLY COMMON PRACTICE AT THE TIME. (IN FACT THERE IS NOT A SINGLE DOCUMENTED EXAMPLE OF THIS HAPPENING EVEN ONE TIME OUTSIDE OF ISLAMIC TEXTS WRITTEN A CENTURY OR MORE AFTER MOHAMMED’S DEATH. THERE ARE BARELY ANY DOCUMENTED EXAMPLES IN THOSE TEXTS, EITHER.)

WHILE THIS AYAH IS JUST TALKING ABOUT IT IN A GENERAL SENSE, OTHER PARTS OF THE QURAN FOCUS ON GIRLS ONLY. THE IDEA THAT POLYTHEISTIC ARABS ROUTINELY KILLED THEIR CHILDREN, ESPECIALLY THEIR GIRLS, COMES SOLELY FROM LATE ISLAMIC TEXTS. PEOPLE STILL REPEAT THIS TODAY BECAUSE THEY DESPERATELY WANT TO BELIEVE THAT PRE-ISLAMIC ARABS WERE BACKWARDS AND EVIL AND THAT ISLAM FREED THEM FROM SUCH EVIL. IN REALITY INFANTICIDE WAS AN UNCOMMON BUT NOT UNHEARD-OF PRACTICE BOTH BEFORE AND AFTER ISLAM IN TIMES OF EXTREME FAMINE, WAR, OR HARDSHIP.

WE HAVE THE FAMILY TREES OF MOST PROMINENT CITIZENS OF PRE-ISLAMIC MECCA, INCLUDING BOTH MUSLIMS AND NON-MUSLIMS, AND BOTH ALMOST ALWAYS HAD DAUGHTERS (AND SOMETIMES MULTIPLE WIVES). NOTHING SUGGESTS THERE WAS AN UNUSUAL GENDER RATIO. AND THERE IS NOTHING, I REPEAT NOTHING, TO INDICATE THAT SPECIFICALLY FEMALE INFANTICIDE WAS EVEN SOMEWHAT COMMON IN MECCA OR ANYWHERE NEAR IT.

SOME WESTERN PEOPLE REPEAT THIS LIE WITHOUT EVEN TRYING TO VERIFY IF IT’S TRUE OR NOT. DON’T BE LIKE THAT. THANKS. 🚨

Ahem. Anyway, Mohammed says that people who kill their children because of their fake gods are going to hell... even though it is Allah’s will, as we just saw. But... uh, it’s good, ignoring the context, which honestly makes it kind of awful...

You know what... let’s move on.

Allah is god etc. Feel free to eat cows unless they’re being used for physical labor, regardless of their sex. People who say you can’t are lying about Allah. (This is about pre-Islamic beliefs, like we saw in the last surah. Ibn Kathir has the whole dumb backstory here.)

But you can’t eat pigs, etc. 6:146 relates this to kosher dietary laws and says (again) that Jews have to obey them because their ancestors were rebellious (the actual reason given in the Torah is that Jews can’t eat certain things because the animals are unclean/unholy, and since YWHH is their god, “you shall be holy, because I am holy”. As always, Mohammed’s version is of course the true version, and the Jews are just making things up.)

6:147 is one of my favorite ayat in the entire Quran. Behold:

Your Lord is a Lord of All-Embracing Mercy, and His wrath will never be withdrawn from guilty folk.

You genuinely can’t make this shit up.

Anyway, the Jews get out of it fairly easy this surah, as I said. Back to the idolators. On the Day of Judgement, they’ll try to say that Allah could have made them believe if he wanted to (which is true!). But Allah will simply reply: “ya that’s what your ancestors said before I destroyed their asses LOL!”. (Bad!) Then Mohammed challenges the polytheists to produce evidence of Allah requiring all their dietary rules (he does not ask the same of his own followers, of course).

Now... holy shit! It’s a genuine good ayah!!!!!!!! Two, actually!!!!!!!!!

6:151 tells Muslims to be nice to their parents and not kill anyone, except in the case of “justice” or legal punishment (and to not do lewd things or worship multiple gods). 6:152 tells them not to steal from orphans’ inheritance money and to be fair in legal matters even when a relative is involved. I was beginning to fear we’d only have, like, two good ayat in the entire surah. Mama, we made it.

Then Mohammed just tells people to do as he says as he is a prophet like Moses and the Quran is really from Allah. Allah sent Mohammed so the polytheists couldn’t get out of the whole disbelievers-are-doomed thing by saying “we’re not Christians or Jews so how would we know about these rules?” All neutral. Then Mohammed ruins the high I got from those two good ayat with this bad one:

who doeth greater wrong than he who denieth the revelations of Allah, and turneth away from them? We award unto those who turn away from Our revelations an evil doom because of their aversion.

Sigh. Kuffar hell counter: 1.

Then Mohammed chastises those waiting for a divine miracle again. 6:159 is neutral but it’s another interesting one (we’re almost done, I swear, don’t worry!):

As for those who sunder their religion and become schismatics, no concern at all hast thou with them. Their case will go to Allah, Who then will tell them what they used to do.

This is about Jews/Christians, who left the True Path of “Islam” as practiced by the prophets etc, but that’s not the interesting part. So the word Pickthall has as “schismatics” here means “sectarians” or “partisans” (shiyaan), which is also the root of the word “Shia” (short for “partisans of Ali”... we’ll get to that story later). This ayah is used by some Sunnis to argue that any sects that deviate from “the norm” are therefore against Islam, which should be one undivided community. Some Shia scholars point to this same verse and say the same thing--arguing that everyone should be Shia! Just a funny note.

Hey, another good one! Relatively!

Whoso bringeth a good deed will receive tenfold the like thereof, while whoso bringeth an ill-deed will be awarded but the like thereof

Then Mohammed again says that his religion is the real one and Allah is god etc and polytheism is wrong and everyone will be judged by Allah so remember that.

And we’re finally, FINALLY done. Let us never speak of this surah again.

The Quran Read-Along: Day 45

Ayat: 30

Good: 4 (6:140, 6:151-52, 6:160)

Neutral: 18 (6:141-45, 6:149-50, 6:153-56, 6:158-59, 6:161-65)

Bad: 8 (6:136-39, 6:146-48, 6:157)

Kuffar hell counter: 1 (6:157)

⇚ previous day | next day ⇛

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Tafsir Ibn Kathir: Surah An-Nisa Ayah 155-159

Part 1

In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.

4:155 Because of their breaking the covenant, and their rejecting the Ayat of Allah, and their killing the Prophets unjustly, and their saying: "Our hearts are Ghulf,''

nay, Allah has set a seal upon their hearts because of their disbelief, so they believe not but a little.

4:156 And because of their disbelief and uttering against Maryam a grave false charge.

4:157 And because of their saying, "We killed Al- Masih `Isa, son of Maryam, the Messenger of Allah,''

but they killed him not, nor crucified him, but it appeared as that to them, and those who differ therein are full of doubts.

They have no (certain) knowledge, they follow nothing but conjecture. For surely; they killed him not.

4:158 But Allah raised him up unto Himself. And Allah is Ever All-Powerful, All-Wise.

4:159 And there is none of the People of the Scripture, but must believe in him, before his death. And on the Day of Resurrection, he will be a witness against them.

The Crimes of the Jews

Allah said,

Because of their breaking the covenant, and their rejecting the Ayat of Allah,

The sins mentioned here are among the many sins that the Jews committed, which caused them to be cursed and removed far away from right guidance. The Jews broke the promises and vows that Allah took from them, and also rejected Allah's Ayat, meaning His signs and proofs, and the miracles that they witnessed at the hands of their Prophets.

Allah said,

and their killing the Prophets unjustly,

because their many crimes and offenses against the Prophets of Allah, for they killed many Prophets, may Allah's peace be upon them

and their saying: "Our hearts are Ghulf,'' According to Ibn Abbas, Mujahid, Sa`id bin Jubayr,

Ikrimah, As-Suddi and Qatadah. meaning, wrapped with covering. This is similar to the what the idolators said,

And they say: "Our hearts are under coverings (screened) from that to which you invite us.'' (41:5)

Allah said,

nay, Allah has set a seal upon their hearts because of their disbelief,

It is as if they had given an excuse that their hearts do not understand what the Prophet says since their hearts are wrapped with coverings, so they claim.

Allah said that their hearts are sealed because of their disbelief, as we mentioned before in the explanation of Surah Al-Baqarah.

Allah then said,

so they believe not but a little. for their hearts became accustomed to Kufr, transgression and weak faith.

The Evil Accusation the Jews Uttered Against Maryam and Their Claim that They Killed `Isa

Allah said,

And because of their (Jews) disbelief and uttering against Maryam a grave false charge.

Ali bin Abi Talhah said that Ibn Abbas stated that; the Jews accused Maryam of fornication.

This is also the saying of As-Suddi, Juwaybir, Muhammad bin Ishaq and several others.

This meaning is also apparent in the Ayah, as the Jews accused Maryam and her son of grave accusations: They accused her of fornication and claimed that `Isa was an illegitimate son. Some of them even claimed that she was menstruating while fornicating. May Allah's continued curse be upon them until the Day of Resurrection.

The Jews also said,

And because of their saying, "We killed Al-Masih, `Isa, son of Maryam, the Messenger of Allah,''

meaning, we killed the person who claimed to be the Messenger of Allah. The Jews only uttered these words in jest and mockery, just as the p o l y t h e i s t s s a i d

(O you to whom the Dhikr (the Qur'an) has been sent down! Verily, you are a mad man!). (15:6)

When Allah sent `Isa with proofs and guidance, the Jews, may Allah's curses, anger, torment and punishment be upon them, envied him because of his Prophethood and obvious miracles; curing the blind and leprous and bringing the dead back to life, by Allah's leave. He also used to make the shape of a bird from clay and blow in it, and it became a bird by Allah's leave and flew.

`Isa performed other miracles that Allah honored him with, yet the Jews defied and bellied him and tried their best to harm him. Allah's Prophet `Isa could not live in any one city for long and he had to travel often with his mother, peace be upon them. Even so, the Jews were not satisfied, and they went to the king of Damascus at that time, a Greek polytheist who worshipped the stars. They told him that there was a man in Bayt Al-Maqdis misguiding and dividing the people in Jerusalem and stirring unrest among the king's subjects.

The king became angry and wrote to his deputy in Jerusalem to arrest the rebel leader, stop him from causing unrest, crucify him and make him wear a crown of thorns.

When the king's deputy in Jerusalem received these orders, he went with some Jews to the house that `Isa was residing in, and he was then with twelve, thirteen or seventeen of his companions. That day was a Friday, in the evening.

They surrounded `Isa in the house, and when he felt that they would soon enter the house or that he would sooner or later have to leave it, he said to his companions, "Who volunteers to be made to look like me, for which he will be my companion in Paradise?''

A young man volunteered, but `Isa thought that he was too young. He asked the question a second and third time, each time the young man volunteering, prompting `Isa to say, "Well then, you will be that man.''

Allah made the young man look exactly like `Isa, while a hole opened in the roof of the house, and `Isa was made to sleep and ascended to heaven while asleep. Allah said,

And (remember(when Allah said: "O `Isa! I will take you and raise you to Myself).'' (3:55)

When `Isa ascended, those who were in the house came out. When those surrounding the house saw the man who looked like `Isa, they thought that he was `Isa. So they took him at night, crucified him and placed a crown of thorns on his head. The Jews then boasted that they killed `Isa and some Christians accepted their false claim, due to their ignorance and lack of reason.

As for those who were in the house with `Isa, they witnessed his ascension to heaven, while the rest thought that the Jews killed `Isa by crucifixion. They even said that Maryam sat under the corpse of the crucified man and cried, and they say that the dead man spoke to her.

All this was a test from Allah for His servants out of His wisdom. Allah explained this matter in the Glorious Qur'an which He sent to His honorable Messenger, whom He supported with miracles and clear, unequivocal evidence. Allah is the Most Truthful, and He is the Lord of the worlds Who knows the secrets, what the hearts conceal, the hidden matters in heaven and earth, what has occurred, what will occur, and what would occur if it was decreed.

He said,

but they killed him not, nor crucified him, but it appeared as that to them,

referring to the person whom the Jews thought was `Isa.

This is why Allah said afterwards,

and those who differ therein are full of doubts. They have no (certain) knowledge, they follow nothing but conjecture.

referring to the Jews who claimed to kill `Isa and the ignorant Christians who believed them. Indeed they are all in confusion, misguidance and bewilderment.

This is why Allah said,

For surely; they killed him not.

meaning they are not sure that `Isa was the one whom they killed. Rather, they are in doubt and confusion over this matter.

But Allah raised him up unto Himself. And Allah is Ever All-Powerful,

meaning, He is the Almighty, and He is never weak, nor will those who seek refuge in Him ever be subjected to disgrace.

All-Wise.

in all that He decides and ordains for His creatures. Indeed, Allah's is the clearest wisdom, unequivocal proof and the most glorious authority.

Ibn Abi Hatim recorded that Ibn Abbas said,

"Just before Allah raised `Isa to the heavens, `Isa went to his companions, who were twelve inside the house. When he arrived, his hair was dripping water and he said, `There are those among you who will disbelieve in me twelve times after he had believed in me.'

He then asked, `Who volunteers that his image appear as mine, and be killed in my place. He will be with me (in Paradise).'

One of the youngest ones among them volunteered and `Isa asked him to sit down.

`Isa again asked for a volunteer, and the young man kept volunteering and `Isa asking him to sit down. Then the young man volunteered again and `Isa said, `You will be that man,' and the resemblance of `Isa was cast over that man while `Isa ascended to heaven from a hole in the house.

When the Jews came looking for `Isa, they found that young man and crucified him.

Some of `Isa's followers disbelieved in him twelve times after they had believed in him. They then divided into three groups.

o One group, Al-Ya`qubiyyah (Jacobites), said, `Allah remained with us as long as He willed and then ascended to heaven.'

o Another group, An-Nasturiyyah (Nestorians), said, `The son of Allah was with us as long as he willed and Allah took him to heaven.'

o Another group, Muslims, said, `The servant and Messenger of Allah remained with us as long as Allah willed, and Allah then took him to Him.'

The two disbelieving groups cooperated against the Muslim group and they killed them. Ever since that happened, Islam was then veiled until Allah sent Muhammad.''

This statement has an authentic chain of narration leading to Ibn Abbas, and An-Nasa'i narrated it through Abu Kurayb who reported it from Abu Mu`awiyah.

Many among the Salaf stated that;

`Isa asked if someone would volunteer for his appearance to be cast over him, and that he will be killed instead of `Isa, for which he would be his companion in Paradise.

All Christians Will Believe in `Isa Before He Dies

Allah said,

And there is none of the People of the Scripture, but must believe in him, before his death. And on the Day of Resurrection, he will be a witness against them.

َIbn Jarir recorded that Ibn Abbas commented And there is none of the People(of the Scripture, but must believe in him, before his death),

before the death of `Isa, son of Maryam, peace be upon him.

Al-Awfi reported similar from Ibn Abbas.

Abu Malik commented; (but must believe in him, before his death),

"This occurs after `Isa returns and before he dies, as then, all of the People of the Scriptures will believe in him.''