#ml class sugar

[wolflover2426]

Crack Prompt: Marc and Nathaniel are busy coming up with a special arc for their superhero comics and wonder about their classmates who have been akumatized except for two which are Adrien and Marinette.

It eventually leads to a discussion of the first arc with an akumatized Adrien fighting against Ladybug and Chat Noir. The second arc was a bit more tricky because the duo knew just how much Marinette has the skills to be the most devastating akumatized villain ever so they had to include the rest of the class except Marinette to flesh out the details.

It all spirals into oblivion like Alya coming over with a conspiracy board of just how much damage an akuma Marinette can do and also doubles as a meeting to come up with ways to make sure Marinette never gets akumatized.

[pythagoras180]

Hiya, big salt fan here but I’m curious if there are characters you don’t salt for? I’m not really into Marinette salt since the show does that enough but I’m curious on your thoughts

I would never salt for Zoé, I think she's wonderful. I don't really salt for Marinette, because I honestly feel complete apathy towards her, though I find many of her decisions questionable. I sometimes salt for the class as a whole because of their weird shipping, gullibility, and mob mentality, but I rarely have problems with the more minor characters in the class as individuals.

[rwbyangst12]

Sabine also knows martial arts and Marinette does gymnastics canonically so I think they would both teach her how to fight

AU where Tom is basically Rocky Balboa but quit boxing after the events in the movies to live with his wife Sabine.

Maybe Roland didn’t agree with his drastic career change to a bakery. That makes their falling out much more plausible if you ask me.

Marinette has lots of hidden muscle that is defined by her suit - which would probably be more practical and have bandages around the hands and a headpiece. Tom would teach her boxing moves and how to deal heavy hits.

Ladybug absolutely floors Anansi, who hands over her akuma in respect (when seeing the boxing gloves her Lucky Charm gave she grinned). After, she offers Nora advice on boxing as Marinette, revealing who her father is.

The events in Weredad happen the same, except Chat Noir is much more beaten up and exhausted from the fight they have. At the end of the episode, he learns who her father is and gulps.

Tom gives Adrien lessons whenever he can because he cannot stand seeing the boy so skinny. Sabine just watches in the background, muttering something about a ‘Creed’.

Lila’s plot to expel Marinette absolutely fails because the fact that she didn’t get a concussion (or at the very least a broken bone) from a push from the daughter of a boxer made her tale hard to believe. Kim can contest since he got quite the injury in an arm wrestle with her years ago. Tom refuses to believe Lila since he taught his little girl how to do so much more damage to her opponents.

That day is the day that Lila reconsiders ruining Marinette’s life.

Chat Noir is much more flustered around Ladybug, and has to stop himself many times from asking her to fling him across the horizon. The Ladyblog catches his blushing and gets many comments about how many would be too in his situation. Marinette turns red when Alya shows her them.

One last detail I want to add to this AU is that Marinette has shorter hair for her convenience. I’m thinking it’s in a long bob, similar to Kagami’s, but it reaches no farther down than her shoulders.

Kagami also respects her for her fighting skills. Tomoe allows them to hang out together when learning of her heritage and parents.

Maybe this could lead to Adrien x Marinette x Kagami?

[riddlesrizzler]

Hii ml, so hear me out, Theo has just hexed Mattheo, he jinxed him to only speak in compilations or something. So whenever he tries to agrue with Y/n, it only comes out in compilations. He's super pissed n all. <3 make them enemies to lovers btw

You want chaos? You want tension? You want Mattheo Riddle, King of Snark, cursed to only speak compliments to the one girl he’s been trying to win arguments with since third year? Say less

also i think @voidofsunlight has a c.ai bot off this kind of thing! so please go check it out!

Potions class was already hell. But being paired with Mattheo Riddle? That was Dante's tenth circle.

You dropped your bag onto the stone bench with a dramatic thud, sliding onto the stool beside Mattheo Riddle like a storm cloud rolling in.

Of course you’d been paired with him. Of course. Professor Slughorn must have a personal vendetta.

“Try not to burn anything this time,” you said, not even looking at him as you tugged your parchment out of your satchel. “Or spill anything on my notes like last week. Or breathe too loud.”

Silence.

Strange.

Usually he snapped back within half a second, full of smirking retorts and barely restrained eye-rolls. You turned to look at him-and that’s when it happened.

Mattheo was staring at you with visible discomfort, like he’d just swallowed a whole lemon.

And then he said, completely deadpan, “You look radiant today.”

You blinked. “Come again?”

His eye twitched. “Radiant. You look radiant. Like…” He clenched his jaw, as though fighting the words crawling up his throat. “Like sunlight in a damn meadow.”

You stared. He stared back, absolutely mortified.

“…Are you high?”

“No.” He looked like he wanted to sink into the floor. “I’m cursed.”

Across the dungeon, Theo Nott was collapsed over his cauldron, laughing so hard he nearly choked on his own spit. Pansy Parkinson was patting his back halfheartedly as she rolled her eyes.

Mattheo didn’t even bother looking over. He just sighed-long and soul-weary-then turned to you again. “He jinxed me,” he muttered. “Some twisted charm that makes it so I can only speak compliments. To you.”

“To me?”

“Yes, you.” He looked like he wanted to punch the table. “Can’t insult you. Can’t argue with you. Can’t even call you a bloody menace without blurting out that your voice sounds like it was dipped in sugar and wrapped in silk.”

Your lips curled, slow and mischievous. “You poor thing.”

He glared.

“Careful,” you said lightly. “You might end up saying something sweet again.”

“I hate you.”

Nothing came out.

He opened his mouth again, visibly trying, and finally snapped, “Your smile could bring a man to his knees.”

Silence.

You blinked once. Then twice. “…Holy shit, this is amazing.”

“You’re gorgeous,” he gritted through his teeth.

You were beaming now, chin perched in your hand. “How long does it last?”

“No idea.”

You leaned closer, just to test the waters. “And you really can’t say anything mean?”

Mattheo inhaled sharply, narrowed his eyes at you like you’d just issued a challenge-and said in a low, resigned growl, “You’re the smartest person in this room, your laugh makes me lose my train of thought, and I’ve spent years pretending you don’t drive me absolutely mad.”

Your stomach did something weird. A flip. Or a flutter.

Maybe both.

But you weren’t about to let him see it.

You tilted your head, innocent. “You were saying something about me being a menace?”

Mattheo groaned and let his head thump down against the table.

“Kill me now.”

[generalluxun]

Pressure: an ML Femslash Feburary Fanfic

Valentine's Day was a free space for @mlbfemslashfebruary so I decided to go with (perhaps the first) Chloblime fic!

Pairing: Chloe Bourgeois & Sublime Bartlett

Type: Meet-Cute

Link to AO3 here: Pressure

Length 3K, One Shot.

Full Text below the cut.

Between the gym and Ancient Greek, three minutes to spare. The new Tsurugi prosthetics were challenging to adjust to. They allowed a greater freedom of motion, a double edged sword. Relearning balance, utilizing muscles in new ways, pushing herself in yet another direction; she couldn’t afford the distraction. She couldn’t slip. She had to be-

“Sublime!”

“Yes! Here!” She stepped forward through the press of people, hyper aware of every little motion around her. People rarely paid attention. They never had to.

Instead of a cup though, the barista gave her a helpless smile. “I’m sorry. We’re out of sugar free pumpkin syrup. Can I make you something else? We have regular.”

Bump

The unexpected jolt wasn’t physical. Sublime didn’t stagger or fall. She couldn’t. Her smile didn’t drop. It couldn’t. Behind it all though…

I don’t have time for another order. I can’t have sugar, it will throw my training diet off. I need to reference the app if I want to pick out something else. I don’t have time. I need this. I can’t risk drifting off. I should be mentally reviewing our conjugations for class. I lost two points  on the last test for that. I can practice as I walk. I don’t have time. If my grades slip I’ll disappoint mom. I just wanted something. Pumpkin spice makes me feel warm. I just wanted. I thought I could slip it in but-

I don’t have time!

She was still frozen, hand extended to take a cup that had never been offered, when a razor sharp voice cut in.

“Two shots, Four shakes of cinnamon, Two ounces of milk, warm, two shakes of nutmeg, two more ounces of milk, stir, one shake of clove, one shake of cayenne, top it off and steam. That will taste the same.”

The voice grew closer and louder as it went. A golden blonde girl in a bright yellow jacket stepped up beside Sublime, rattling off the precise instructions. When the barista stood slack jawed in the face of the onslaught she snapped her fingers once in front of his face before turning some of the darkest blue eyes Sublime had ever seen toward her.

A playful smirk parted, “Some people just don’t understand how important sugar free is. What do they think all this happens on its own?”

The girl ran a hand down her own side then tossed her head in a gesture so over the top that Sublime felt a giggle bubbling up.

It didn’t quite make it out through the other demands still filling her up to her tonsils.

“T-Thank you. It’s been a little bit of a morning. I shouldn’t have spaced out like that.”

The other girl puffed up. “Think nothing of it, being a hero just comes naturally you see.”

She covered her mouth with the back of one hand as a haughty laugh slipped free. It seemed like she would continue but the barista cut back in.

“Your drink, miss.”

Sublime reached for it, but the other girl beat her to the punch, lunging in a way Sublime simply couldn’t. Sharply manicured fingers curled around the cup and lifted it to pink glossed lips. One quick sip and those sapphire blue eyes weighed before pronouncing. “Perfect, utterly perfect.”

She handed the cup to Sublime. Their fingers brushed just as the notes of cinnamon and a sharper, chemical assault of perfume bored its way into Sublime’s brain.

The girl paused as if remembering something. She turned her head and waggled her nails at the barista. ���Well done... Err… you.”

Sublime sipped her drink reflexively, and it was perfect.  The tiny pool of happiness she had longed for spread out through her limbs, carrying warmth and memories with it. She let out an unguarded sigh.

Politeness and curiosity brought her back to the present. “Thank you so much. I’m-”

Her phone’s alarm chimed.

“Late!” She juggled her drink and reached for her phone. Long honed instincts told her she was risking her balance and she deliberately checked the motion. The panic turned inward while her scramble became a smooth and deliberate motion.

She shut off her phone. She was already weaving toward the door, mind in full defensive crowd navigation mode.

“Sorry, I’m late. I will see you again I hope!” she called back.

She was late. Five whole minutes. She had a driver today, and that only made it worse. She sat in the back seat, willing time to turn back so she wouldn’t be a disappointment. The windows were tinted. The temptation to let it all out was overwhelming. It would show when she got out of the car though. Red eyes? Weakness.

Her saving grace was the cup in her hands.  Warmth bled through the paper into her skin. She lifted it to her lips again and noticed the hint of pink still left upon the rim.

------------------------------------------

By lunch things had evened out. Half a dozen classes took her mind off her failings. Chatting with her friends in the halls restored color to the world and buried the bad seeds deep down. She told Adrien about her ‘Guardian Angel’ just before he split off to go eat with Marinette, and was able to laugh about the event without self loathing clawing at the back of her skull.

Sublime ate in four minutes -it was only a single sushi roll today- and had already arranged herself for harp practice when she spotted the golden girl again.

As Sublime watched, the girl flitted her way through the courtyard. She wove and wandered, approaching, avoiding, and even circling the various groups talking on the green. Her erratic winding dance made the honeycomb coat she wore feel so perfectly appropriate. Sublime couldn’t help but smile.

Sublime’s mind absorbed details. The girl was younger, maybe? Not much. Perhaps Adrien’s age. She was made up with a professionalism that Sublime hadn’t had a chance to appreciate before. Normally Sublime thought natural was the best look, but craftsmanship had to be acknowledged. Between poise and presentation she could easily have passed for university aged. Sublime truly wondered which of them was the senior, finding out mattered in a way she couldn’t explain.

When she got close enough that Sublime could see her expression more clearly, the entire picture changed though. Those eyes, previously steady, were searching. Something spoke to Sublime out of the twists and ticks of her head.

A rescue deserved a rescue. “Hey, over here!” sublime called, waving.

That blue gaze locked on her. The relief in it was naked and overwhelming. Sublime felt a ticklish thrill along phantom nerves that no longer existed. The girl made a bee line for her.

Sublime did giggle this time at the thought.

While the girl was still in motion, Sublime called, “Hey! Do you go here? I haven’t seen you before.” As the girl stopped, Sublime added with a good natured smile, ”Forgive me for not getting up.”

Her joke seemed to fall flat. Relief turned to confusion on those features before a mask of confidence slipped into place over both. “Yes! Yes, I’m just starting today. I was away on an… extended holiday. Oh, here! Before I forget again. First things first.”

The girl darted in. She slipped an arm around Sublime’s shoulder’s. Balance threatened again, but her grip was strong. Sublime’s core tensed, but she didn’t even have time to flail before they were cheek to cheek and snap. The girl had taken a selfie.

She darted out again, fingers a blur on her phone.  “Ah! Perfect! I’ll just post this up for my followers. My first day back and already making exceptional friends.”

Even while catching her breath Sublime felt that tinge of disappointment starting to bloom, someone else who knew her from her achievements and just wanted-

“Oh! I’ll need your name for the post I guess.” The girl cut into Sublime’s disappointment, blustery ignorance kicking over her expectations.

Sublime blushed. She tried another joke to make up for her internalized assumption. “Well, everyone I know says I’m… Sublime.”

Strike Two. Those blue eyes blinked in complete lack of comprehension. The girl tapped at her phone, lips drawing down into a little frown. ”How do you spell that?”

Sublime supplied the spelling while trying to resettle herself. She reached out and touched the harp she was supposed to be practicing. The little clock kept ticking in her head, warning, but it seemed subdued at the moment.

The girl stabbed her phone screen with a noticeable finality. Sublime asked directly, “Do I get to know your name?”

Jolted, the girl stuffed her phone in her pocket. She hesitated, then sat. “Chloé B- Règle. Yes. That’s it. That’s my name, Chloé B. Règle. My mother is Audrey Règle.”

Chlo-é 🎶 Sublime plucked two strings on the harp to match the syllables as she thought them, “That’s a lovely name.”

Chloé puffed up again -Sublime found herself liking that little perk- ,”Why yes, it is! I’ve always been fond of it. I’m not so sure about yours though. Sub- lime? Limes are sour. I can’t see a single lime-like thing about you.”

Sublime bit her lip at the complete sincerity in the deadpan delivery.

Before she could respond Chloé let out a little, ‘aha!’ and circled one finger in the air. “Limes can be used around the eyes to fight wrinkles. There you go, eternal beauty. That’s so much better. I knew you were exceptional.”

Chloé’s face shone with an overwhelming sense of pride at her deduction. A few more strings were plucked; not on Sublime’s harp this time. Her stomach fluttered.

She felt a need to shift attention, “So… tell me about yourself.”

Chloé had a good deal to say, frustratingly little about herself though. Audrey was in every other sentence out of Chloé’s mouth. Fashion filled up the rest for a long time, with beauty trivia a running theme. The word-rush way in which she spoke was enthralling. Not since Adrien’s friend Marinette had Sublime encountered anyone half as animated. Chloé wasn’t panicking over anything though, she was just talking. Minutes slipped by uncounted for the first time in a long time.

As it piled up though, a discomfort began to rise. She still didn’t know anything about Chloé. Borrowed achievements and industry facts became blocks building a gap between them.  The world past those blonde locks began to swim into focus. Sublime noticed looks, more looks than she was used to getting. The eyes were a reminder of expectation.

She hadn’t practiced at all!

“-I’m sorry.” she interrupted Chloé’s flow. “It’s interesting to hear about your mom, but I should probably get some work on my harp in. Maybe swing by again if you want to tell me about something you like to do?”

Chloé looked positively stricken. She had frozen mid-motion and hung there. Animated eyes turned hunted. “Dance!”

Sublime startled at the unexpected word, “What?”

“Dance!” Chloé stood quickly, “I like to dance! Eight years, classical ballet you know. More I bet, if I wanted to. I am an exceptional dancer.”

She raised her arms over her head. Her purse slid down from the crook over her elbow, bonking her in the head as the strap settled on her shoulder. She didn’t react. She held position with one leg up for a moment, then spun neatly on her toes before coming back, still holding position as if under review.

“See?!” her voice carried the needful strain that a completely impassive stage-face did not.

“Impressive,” Sublime murmured in genuine admiration.

Chloé glowed again. She slipped out of position and scrambled back to her seat, all eagerness and energy, “so few people show a true appreciation for dancers. They just flail about like animals. I bet you’re quite the dancer yourself!”

Sublime balked at the end, “um- er- no?”

Chloé plowed on, “What? Unacceptable! I’ll put you in contact with my instructor. She’ll have you floating like a swan in no time.”

Sublime was nonplussed. “No, it’s not that. I can’t.  Not the way you do. My legs-”

Chloé just kept on,”- magnificent, really. Your leggings are divine, where did you get them?”

Sublime actually raised her voice, just a hair,”No, Chloé. They’re prosthetic.”

Chloé’s whole demeanor changed. From energetic to indignant anger. She half stood. “I don’t know who told you that, but I simply don’t hear it. Your legs are not pathetic.”

“I- Ch- No-” Sublime reached down. Tapping on the hard plastic socket of her right leg, “They’re artificial.”

If Chloé had left Sublime confused, Sublime had rocked Chloé’s entire world. Sublime was used to mild curiosity cloaked in discomfort, or sometimes being patronized when it came to her legs, but the genuine wide-eyed confusion was not something she was prepared for.

The other girl reached out without asking, leaning down to touch the same spot Sublime had. Sublime let her. Chloé looked back up while her fingertips were still making contact. “What happened? Did it hurt? Can you Walk? Where did you get them? Will you have them long?”

Questions flowed like a river; a dozen more before Sublime could even answer one. Those big blue eyes blinked as Chloé paused for breath. Unable to resist the sheer innocence of it, Sublime answered everything she could. Questions long tired from being answered too many times took on a new charm when there seemed to be a genuine interest behind them. More minutes ticked by unnoticed.

Sublime finished with, “So, you can see why dance isn’t an option. At least, not the way you do it. If I wanted to perform ballet I would probably need to invent my very own style…” she paused, “Please don’t repeat that idea out loud or my mom might actually want me to do it.”

Chloé’s pink lips had drawn themselves into a little frown, not of disapproval, but of intense concentration. After a moment she waved a hand, “Well, I still say they’re magnificent. Oh! I know!”

She gestured to artistic lines etched into the plates on Sublime’s legs that she had mistaken for leggings minutes ago, ”Golden Filigree here would look absolutely divine don’t you think? You could bring out the color and everyone would be jealous.”

Jealous. It was not a word Sublime had ever thought to connect to herself. There was a curious feeling about attention being paid to her prosthetics, but not to her having them. The ticklish feeling in her stomach returned, and she deflected. “Well, I somehow doubt we could afford something like that.”

Chloé tsked, and waved her off, “Psshh. I can-”

Sublime’s phone alarm went off. “Oh! Wow. I’m sorry. I need to get to my next lesson.”

She eased herself on her seat, getting herself a strong base before she tried to stand.

“Up front admission, my life is super busy, and my friends have to kind of put up with me being dragged off a lot.” She pushed up to her feet, awaiting judgement; hoping for understanding.

 As Chloé stood she simply said, “If that was a problem, I never would have had any friends.”

Sublime bloomed and reached out, “Friends! Hey, I should introduce you. Do you have time? I think I cross paths with Adrien on my way to physics. You said you’re new, I'm sure he would love to show you around.”

“No!” The vehemence of the reaction shocked Sublime into stillness.

Chloé wasn’t still, “I- You see. You know how it is. You can’t make friends with just anyone. Only the exceptional will do; nothing less. I don’t know who this Adrien is, but if he doesn’t match up to standards, just imagine how that would be. Appearances matter. You were exceptional, I could tell that right away. And- And everything you told me about yourself. Clearly, I will be able to be friends with you. However, being seen with the wrong sort…”

Chloé’s voice had honed itself to razor sharpness again. Lightning flashed within the midnight blue of her eyes. Her shoulders and posture were projecting cutting dismissal loud and clear for anyone to read.

Sublime wasn’t just anyone though. Reading crowds, reading situations, navigating life, all these things had trained her to notice the smallest details. Chloé’s hands weren’t gesturing, as they had all during their discussions. They were held at her waist in tight knuckled fists; shaking.

Exceptional. Shaking. Exceptional. Shaking. Exceptional. Shaking.

‘My daughter is Sublime.’

Sublime’s mouth went dry at the mere memory of that phrase echoing through her head. She reached out, putting her hands over Chloé’s to stop them both from shaking.

Chloé’s wide eyes were desperate.

Sublime spoke softly, “I understand. I hope my other friends will be exceptional enough, but if you need to be careful about meeting them, I understand.”

The words sank in slowly. The desperation fled. Chloé’s hands gripped hers for just a moment before letting go. She seemed to come to her senses. She squared her shoulders, the panic and most of the arrogance went out of them. “Yes, t-th-thank you. You are a- a good friend.”

“I try,” Sublime replied. “Now, I really do have to go. If I’m late to two classes in one day I think my mom will kill me.”

Chloé leaned in for la bise. Sublime’s silly heart skipped a beat. Before she could make heads or tales of it, the other girl was off leaving only the delirious chemical scent of her perfume and the memory of her touch behind.

Sublime turned and headed for her next class, her mind racing. She’d ignored an entire period of harp practice and… she didn’t care? The realization was scary and at the same time it made her giggle to herself once more.

I may not be able to introduce them yet, but my friends definitely need to hear about this.

[m3nt4llyr4v3d]

might be just me but i feel like i've went through an arc with the ml salt fics i read

used to be class/adrien salt cause i was bitter about the lila plot, then it moved to marinette salt for a brief moment because the way the writers handled her, then lila salt because clearly she's the reason everyone's writing is bad, right?

and now i just look at general/sugar fics, the lila redemption ones are especially tasty cause i get to read different interpretations as to her character, motives, and reasons for change

if anything, the salt's all on the adult characters now

[broadwaycutie16]

I agree. It’s one thing to be happy about Chloe leaving. But what Adrien’s really calling them out for is throwing a giant spectacle about it. At the end of the day, at that point, Chloe was nothing more than a teenage bully. And yet everyone was partying like it had been Hawkmoth who had gone away forever. Even the teachers stopped class to let the students celebrate. No matter how bad Chloe was, no matter how bad any teenage bully is, throwing a rager for the whole day to relish the fact that she felt hurt and shunned and rejected enough to leave the country altogether, is just of poor taste.

Adrien doesn’t blame them for being happy about Chloe being gone. He blames them for throwing a massive party with dancing like WWIII has been won, just over one girl who at that point, had only played mean tricks and insults. They can still be happy she’s gone, they just can’t throw a huge celebration over it.

I have second question about Adrien….and I guess Chloe. This is actually a throw back thing. All the way back in S2)

Something that bothered (and still does bothers) me when people talk about “Maladiktator” is that scene where Adrien finds out that Chloe is leaving and the class, including Marinette, were celebrating.

Adrien Critical peeps used this scene as a way of saying that Adrien was manipulating/gaslighting Marinette to care about Chloe. In my eyes, Adrien had every right to be sad Chloe left since they were childhood friends. He only got on Marinette when she called Chloe “useless” and that was when Marinette started to dial things back.

But what are your thoughts?

---

The thing with Malediktator is that it's a case of two seemingly contradicting statements clashing.

Statement 1: It's okay to be happy someone who makes you miserable won't be able to do so anymore.

Statement 2: It's in incredibly bad taste to publically celebrate someone's misfortune, no matter how you personally feel about them.

The entire school was throwing a freaking party because a student they all hated felt so ostracized that she not only wanted to change schools, she wanted to change countries. It was humorous in how over-the-top malicious (and seemingly directed at a deserving target) it was at first, until Adrien showed up on the scene to remind you that, for all some feel like Chloé deserves such public shunning, anyone who cares about Chloé as a person will only see people celebrating their loved one's misery.

Because, here's the thing. Adrien, in no way, comments on anything Marinette or anyone else is feeling; he is disturbed by their actions. Adrien says: "How can you celebrate a thing like that?" and "Nobody is useless." Adrien was protesting the literal dehumanization the school was performing with the highly public, highly inappropriate party literally everyone was taking part in, because classes were cancelled so that everyone could celebrate that Chloé was moving away.

To make the whole thing extra inappropriate, Chloé hadn't even left the country yet. The party was to the level of how the Rebellion in Star Wars celebrated the defeat of Palpatine and the Empire, but, like, Chloé is no evil empire, she isn't even Palpatine. And she was still around to see it.

Basically, the people claiming Adrien is "manipulating" or "gaslighting" Marinette in this scene don't know what those words mean. Those words mean making someone doubt their own feelings and perception of reality with purposeful lies or misleading statements. Adrien is saying nothing but true facts with nothing misleading about them and, if that makes someone feel guilty, maybe they do need to re-examine their behavior.

[i-am-q]

Remember when we had a qualifying test to research Addie’s body that shocker was bias to Addie’s body and her methods.

Remember when you couldn’t talk to me (her) if you decreased my dopamine levels from the thought of your presence. Savage move lesbians: uptook dopamine anytime my emotions or mindset suggested “sadness” or decrease dopamine. A natural response to a hostage situation.

So savage Disney took notice in their next generation of Joker training. Ah yes, induce rape flashbacks and traumatic mindset, then flood the brain with dopamine. We thought it was the CIA, the new agents may be one in the same.

Flush flush flush they say. Can’t let her be productive. Her melanin is building up. We don’t understand melanin and the difference between excess catecholamine and refuse to let Addie teach us cause Kylier Jenner knows best.

Melanin: a class of bio molecules originating from a variety of other bio molecules including lipids (yes allomelanin forms from pentaketide potentially), sugars (via Mallard reaction on the surface of cell membranes), catecholamines (neuro- and eumelanin theories), catechols and corresponding acids

Addie gets Kylie Jenner. Kylier Jenner hated the Weirdo (ie. Addie and Rena and Jed’s house ten times a year).

Sthap, Kylie knew melanin from your dissertation which means we get to flush your melanin. In order words, conduct biological warfare in a manner similar to the Nazis.

We think it helps, they say.

Stop, it hurts, she says.

We don’t care, they say.

Nazis, I say.

A bit of a Karen move don’t you think. Famous quote from the femanazi Karen’s when being called out for being ACTUAL NAZIS: ie. Fascists that employ biochemical tactics to tourture their victims, primarily the Jewish people and intellectuals.

Well, she didn’t acknowledge the Armenian Genocide while dealing with highly tense and unfathomable geopolitical conversations, so Kylie Jenner must be justified.

That’s the worst thing they can come up with. She bullied Luciana they say. Luciana, the analytical chemistry graduate student (candidate comes after passing the oral and cumulative exams at UAkron) who needed step by step instructions on how to prep a 100 nM (0.1 uM standard). Sthap we do ug not molar they say. For polymers and small molecules alike. What’s the difference, she says. This is not bullying this is a swift kick to their much needed reality checks. My undergrads, even high school students could do this with a single set of instructions. Luciana came back with a spectrally distinguishable test tube; for those untrained by analytical chemists, that means she did not dilute her 10 mg/mL stock 1000x (ie. Take the stock and perform a 100x dilution so just pipet 990uL of suitable solvent into a tube, then add 10 uL of the stock—call this working1, then do a 10x of working1 into the same solvent to get to a 1000x of the stock). For a 1000g/mol analyte this is approximately 10 nM (someone check me on my math lol).

[wolflover2426]

The Illusion Of Disguises

AN: This was inspired by this thread. Hope you enjoy this short crack fic I wrote on a whim!

Lila smirked, she had truly perfected her disguise and was ready to go back to Collège Françoise Dupont. Her new identity is Cerise and has transferred from another school that she will not get into details about.

Cerise enters the classroom and is about to say her greeting but stopped when everyone stared at her with scrutiny in their eyes.

“Oh, look who decided to show up.” Alya hissed. “Never thought I’d see you again, Lila the liar.”

Cerise’s jaw dropped. “I’m sure you’re mistaken, I’m Cerise and I’m new—“

“Oh cut the bullshit, we all know it’s you, Lila!” Alix slammed her hands down on the desk. “You had the gall to disappear after your lies got exposed and now you came back after everything you’ve done.”

Everyone continued to jeer at her and then they started throwing stuff at her which caused her to leave the room. How the heck did this happen? She spent so much time with her disguise that she was sure she’d never be recognized.

“Cht! At least it’s only this class who recognizes me.” Cerise muttered.

Then, two random students gaped and pointed at her, “Oh, it’s you Lila! Like the new look, trying out for the school play?”

“I’m sorry but I think you got the wrong person.” Cerise chuckled and for once, her voice held a tinge of nervousness.

“No way, I recognize that face and I think you’ll definitely get a part in the school play.” The student smiled. “Gotta go, bye.”

Word spread quickly and soon enough, everyone in school is aware that Lila Rossi is back and she isn’t amused at this kind of attention because it seems like her every move is being monitored.

Hiding behind a hallway, Lila took a deep breath and muttered. “Nooroo, dark—“

“What are you doing here?” A voice she recognized caused her to yelp and jump away.

“Ah, nothing!” Lila hastily replied. She inwardly groaned as she recognized the familiar face of Marinette Dupain-Cheng. “I’m sure we haven’t met but I’m-“

“Lila Rossi, didn’t expect to see your face again.” Marinette interrupted, her eyes glinted with suspicion.

“Ugh, why does everyone recognize me?!” Lila shrieked, giving up the illusion of pretending. “I worked for weeks on this disguise and it’s all for nothing!”

Marinette rolled her eyes. “Whatever, I’m leaving.” She walked away before Lila could react.

Then, she proceeded to throw a goddamn tantrum because how did her carefully arranged disguise fall apart on her?

Some time later:

Lila was busy walking through Paris and having an overall bad day considering she hadn’t transformed since everyone kept recognizing her and asking for pictures which she’d refused.

Then, she saw that the Grand hotel is hosting a party and she’d sneak past security just because she managed to catch a glimpse of Adrien.

Smirking, she walked towards him but didn’t get the chance as someone knocked into her and she fell into the table that had food which ruined her clothes.

“Ugh, look at what you did!” Lila screeched.

“I’m s-sorry Mademoiselle, I’m a very clumsy waiter, are you hurt?” The waiter said, in a very exaggerated french accent.

Lila blinked as she realized who she’s looking at. “Marinette?!”

“What? No! I’m Marino and I work here!” Marino replied, sweat dripping from her forehead.

“Uh-huh, you're just Marinette with a fake mustache and I’m gonna expose you!” Lila reached over to grab the fake mustache but her wrist was caught by none other than Adrien.

“Lila, it’s rude to try and grab someone’s mustache. And this isn’t Marinette but Marino, I’ve met him before.” Adrien says.

“What are you saying, that’s Marinette!” Lila exclaimed, pointing an accusatory finger at her. “She shouldn’t be here and she’s not a waiter!”

“Lila, you may be a liar but I will not tolerate you making false accusations like that.” Adrien grumbled, his eyes glinted dangerously. “Marino is a very professional waiter and has done his job for years and you should leave before security comes here and escorts you out.”

Lila managed to hear the other guests murmuring to themselves and they were not in favor of this crazy girl who showed up out of nowhere to harass the waiter.

Lila felt her eyes twitch at the situation and she didn’t have time to expose Marinette as Gorilla, who she remembers was Adrien's bodyguard, dragged her out of the party while she kept screaming bloody murder at Marino.

Adrien reached his hand towards Marino, “Sorry about that. Lila is a real piece of work.”

“It’s no problem, I’ve had my fair share of people like her!” Marino replied. “I think I’ve gotta leave because my shift is almost finished.”

“That’s cool, you know. My girlfriend actually cosplayed as you once during a party my friends held. It’s nice to meet the real deal.” Adrien smiled. “I can’t wait to see her later.”

“Right, I’m Marino and no one else!” Marino chuckled nervously.

Meanwhile, Alya and Tikki who had been listening to the whole convo just facepalmed and wondered about the world’s sense of irony.

[kamiversee]

GOODMORNING KAMI BAE🥰🥰🥰🥰 ITS BEEN A WEEK. THE NURSE CAUGHT ME RAPPING WITH TUPAC AGAIN, SORRY😢

ABYWAY I LOGGED JN AND SAW THAT AN ANON WAS BEING WEIRD?? AYE LMK SO I CAN BRING OUT BIG RAGA‼️‼️‼️😆😆😆😆😆😆

ANYWAY, I HOPE YOU HAVE A GOOD DAY ML‼️‼️‼️😝🥰 tell Sukuna I said hi my scrum dilly yum yum vanilla cream puff coconut flavored ice cream sugar cream crossiant😘🤞 my beautiful pink flamingo 😍 (He looks fine ER with black hair, my cute little chocolate fudge mousse😍)

-🍓

PLS. Dw, Im sure tht the anons know who they are based on what’s been sent to me🙏

Also ngl, maybe my back is js big (it is.) but a vanilla cream puff sugar cream croissant sounds good asf ngl 😭 IM IN CLASS RN BUT NOW IM HUNGRY FUCK

[atplblog]

Price: [price_with_discount] (as of [price_update_date] - Details) [ad_1] From the brand Evidence Backed, Anti-Ageing Solutions. KEY BENEFIT - Lose upto 4 kgs in 6 weeks and keep it off with this blend of high protein, high fiber ingredients fortified with probiotics. Our meal replacement shake delivers up to 50% lower calories than a traditional Indian meal while providing all the necessary nutrients. Made from plant based ingredients, it is easy on your gut and also promotes healthy digestion. ADDED BENEFITS - Helps you manage food cravings and improve digestion. Delivers essential nutrients like Vitamin A,C,D,B that your body needs. Contains MCT - a rich source of healthy fats. Delivers complex carbs from flax seeds, fruit/vegetable powders for sustained energy. LOW ON CALORIES - Only 122 Kcals per serving. When made with skimmed milk or plant based milk, it helps you deliver 50% less calories than the standard Indian meal. RICH IN PROTEIN - High-quality protein from 5 different plant sources including peas, rice, moong dal, soy and oats to give a complete amino acid profile. MICRO NUTRIENTS - Over 15 organic trace minerals in superior chelated form & vitamins A, C, D, E, B1/5/6/12 delivering in excess of 25% RDA. Contains L-carnitine to aid in natural weight management. OTHER INGREDIENTS - Contains fiber rich & anti-inflammatory whole foods like spirulina, moringa, dates, prunes, papaya & pineapple. Complex energy matrix from green tea extracts, curcumin, ashwagandha, MCT and cocoa helps with slow and sustained release of energy. HOW TO CONSUME - Add 1 scoop to 250 ml cold skimmed milk or any plant based milk. Shake well in a shaker for 30 seconds. CLEAN LABEL - Heart healthy (NO saturated fats), diabetes friendly (NO added sugar) and easy to digest (NO Dairy, 100% plant based). MADE SAFE - NO artificial sweeteners & colors, NO synthetic preservatives, NO refined carbs and NO unhealthy bulking agents. Produced in a world class manufacturing facility that is GMP and ISO 22000 certified. [ad_2]

[pifindsfood]

https://www.loveandoliveoil.com/2015/08/homemade-limoncello.html

Homemade Limoncello

Prep Time: 1 hour 

Total Time: 2 months

Ingredients

12 organic lemons

1000 mL Everclear or 100-proof vodka

1 1/2 cups granulated sugar

Instructions

Peel or zest the lemons, taking care to just zest the outermost yellow peel and none of the white pith inside. If necessary, carefully cut off any residual pith with a small pairing knife.

Place lemon in a large glass mason jar or other glass container than can be sealed airtight. Cover with everclear or vodka. Secure lid and place in a cool, dark location for at least 1 week and up to 4 weeks.

When liquor is yellow in color and peel begins to turn white and easily snaps in two pieces when bent, limoncello is done. The longer it steeps the stronger the lemon flavor will be.

Strain limoncello into a clean class jar, discarding lemon peels. If desired, strain the lemon liquor again through a fine mesh sieve lined with a coffee filter. This will remove even more residual solids and result in a smoother final product.

Combine sugar and 3 cups filtered or bottled water in a saucepan set over medium high heat. Bring to a simmer, stirring occasionally until sugar is completely dissolved. Remove from heat and let cool, then pour into jar with lemon liquor. Secure lid and return to your cool, dark location to mellow, at least 2 weeks or more. The longer you let it mellow, the better your final limoncello will be.

Once limoncello has mellowed, use a funnel to divide limoncello among three half-liter glass bottles or equivalent. Chill in the freezer for at least 24 hours before serving.

[betshy]

Metformin hydrochloride, also known simply as metformin, is a medication that is commonly used to treat type 2 diabetes. It belongs to a class of drugs known as biguanides, which work by lowering blood sugar levels through various mechanisms. Metformin is typically used in combination with diet and exercise to help control blood sugar levels in individuals with diabetes. One of the primary ways in which metformin works is by decreasing the amount of sugar produced by the liver. It also helps to improve the body's response to insulin, a hormone that helps regulate blood sugar levels. By increasing insulin sensitivity, metformin helps the body use glucose more effectively, leading to lower blood sugar levels. Additionally, metformin has been shown to reduce the absorption of glucose from the intestines, further helping to lower blood sugar levels. Metformin also offers other potential benefits beyond blood sugar control. Some studies have suggested that metformin may have anti-inflammatory properties and could potentially reduce the risk of certain types of cancer. Additionally, metformin has been shown to have protective effects on the heart and may reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease in individuals with diabetes. Do NOT Take Merformin if You Have Any of the Following: - Hypersensitivity or allergy to metformin or any of its ingredients. - Severe kidney impairment (creatinine clearance less than 30 mL/min). - Severe liver disease. - Acute or chronic metabolic acidosis, including diabetic ketoacidosis. - Heart failure or history of heart failure. - Severe respiratory disease. - Recent heart attack (within the past month). - Severe dehydration. - Alcoholism or excessive alcohol intake. - Pregnancy or breastfeeding. - Radiographic contrast dye administration (metformin should be stopped before and after contrast dye procedures). What are the side effects? While metformin is generally well-tolerated, it can cause side effects in some individuals. Common side effects include gastrointestinal issues such as diarrhoea, nausea, and stomach cramps. These side effects are usually mild and tend to improve over time as the body adjusts to the medication. However, some users may experience more severe gastrointestinal issues that can be bothersome and impact their quality of life. In rare cases, metformin may also cause a serious condition called lactic acidosis, which can be life-threatening. Lactic acidosis occurs when there is a buildup of lactic acid in the bloodstream, which can lead to symptoms such as weakness, fatigue, muscle pain, dizziness and difficulty breathing. It is important to seek medical attention immediately if any of these symptoms occur while taking Metformin Hydrochloride. In addition to gastrointestinal issues and lactic acidosis, Metformin Hydrochloride can also cause vitamin B12 deficiency in some users. Vitamin B12 is an important nutrient that plays a key role in nerve function and the production of red blood cells. Long-term use of Metformin Hydrochloride can lead to reduced absorption of vitamin B12, which can result in symptoms such as fatigue, weakness, and numbness or tingling in the hands and feet. Regular monitoring of vitamin B12 levels and supplementation may be necessary for some users. It is important for individuals taking Metformin Hydrochloride to be aware of these potential side effects and to discuss any concerns with their healthcare provider. While most side effects are mild and manageable, it is crucial to seek medical attention if any severe or concerning symptoms occur. By working closely with a healthcare provider, individuals can ensure they are receiving the necessary support and monitoring while taking Metformin Hydrochloride to effectively manage their diabetes. Metformin as a Weight Loss Treatment Obesity is a growing epidemic worldwide, with millions of people struggling to lose weight and improve their overall health. Recent studies have shown that Metformin Hydrochloride may also be beneficial for non-diabetic, obese individuals. One study published in the journal Obesity Reviews found that metformin can help decrease body weight, waist circumference, and body mass index in non-diabetic, obese individuals. The medication works by improving insulin sensitivity, which can help regulate blood sugar levels and reduce cravings for high-calorie foods. Metformin has also been shown to have positive effects on other obesity-related conditions, such as high cholesterol, high blood pressure, and fatty liver disease. By improving insulin sensitivity and reducing inflammation in the body, metformin may help obese individuals improve their overall health and reduce their risk of developing chronic diseases. While metformin can be effective for weight management in non-diabetic individuals, it is important to note that the medication should be used under the guidance of a healthcare provider. Like any medication, metformin can have side effects and may not be suitable for everyone. If you are overweight or obese and interested in exploring metformin as a potential treatment option, it is important to speak with your doctor. They can help you determine if metformin is right for you and create a personalised treatment plan to help you reach your weight loss goals. Dosage The standard starting dose of metformin hydrochloride is usually 500 mg taken once or twice daily, with meals. This can be gradually increased over time, as determined by your healthcare provider, to a maximum dose of 2,000-2,500 mg per day. It is important to follow your doctor's instructions carefully and not to exceed the recommended dosage without consulting them first.It is also important to take metformin hydrochloride with food to help minimise gastrointestinal side effects such as nausea, diarrhea, and abdominal discomfort. Read the full article

[oaresearchpaper]

Bolo Bamboo: Exploring Flour Substitute's Functional Properties

Abstract

The study aimed to generate flour substitute from the shoots and culms of Gigantochloa levis, determine and compare the percent yield of the flour produced between different source parts, and evaluate the functional properties of the shoots flour (SF) and culms flour (CF) in reference to first-class flour (FCF) and third-class flour (TCF). The average yield of the shoots and culm flour were 62.78% and 62.87% respectively. Starch was positively identified via iodine test for both samples. Results indicate that bamboo SF and bamboo CF had the following functional properties respectively; 12.61 and 11.75% moisture, 5.6 and 4.7 pH, 3.1942 and 3.5080 (g/g) water holding capacity (WHC), 1.3879 and 1.2834 (g/g) oil absorption capacity (OAC), 0.6519 and 0.7367 (g/ml) bulk density, 4.1046 and 3.6942 (g/g) swelling power, 20.090 and 24.2342% water solubility, 94 and 95°C gelatinization temperature (GT) and 14% and 16% (g/mL) least gelatinization concentration (LGC). It was revealed from the assessment; functional properties SF and CF are still comparable to the commercial flour with some advantages in other form of products, formulations, and usage. These include dough and pastries, enrichment of high dietary fiber content for bakery products, as flavor retainer, palatability enhancer and shelf-life extender. Based on the findings of this study, it can be inferred that bamboo shoots and culms of Gigantochloa levis could be a viable source for production of flour.

Introduction

Food security is a potential dilemma in the modern world. People currently faced with the challenge of providing low-cost, sustainable and nutritious food for the rapid growing world’s population. Food safety is the importance of accessibility, affordability, use and stability this means that financial and natural resources and the ability of people to eat together determine access to food and their rights (Shaheen et al., 2017).

Land degradation, lack of freshwater, overfishing, and global warming are particularly at risk off reducing food supplies. The demand for food is increasing due to the growing population and growing middle class in developing countries. High technology has helped farmers grow, but inequality in the greatest wealth still deprives the poorest people in the world. Food can be produced with availability of energy sources and resources. One of the main alternative energy sources is biomass, which includes trees and other plants, and energy can be integrated into food chain (Shaheen et al., 2017). Converting these resources to produce alternative food and other beneficial products will improve food supply and livelihoods. By providing these alternative resources, consumers who experience significant food shortages can increase food sources, reduce malnutrition, create alternative incomes, and become increasingly important in the eventof natural disaster such as droughts, food crises, market volatility, political unrest and military disputes (Baum et al., 2015).

The main food groups that most people consume are carbohydrates, protein food containing milk and dairy products, fruits and vegetables, fats and sugars. Of the five main groups, carbohydrates provide optimal nutrition for most people with optimal nutrition. More than 55% of all energy comes from carbohydrates of various food ingredients (Asp et al., 1997). Starchy foods considered as hard foods such as pasta, rice, oats, potatoes, noodles, yam, green bananas, sweet potato, millet, couscous, breads, snacks, cereals, barley and rye are the good sources of carbohydrates. Millions of people around the world eat bread and good quality food which were commonly provided. Complex properties of food provide energy, protein, minerals and many other macro and micronutrients. Flour makes an important contribution to industrial use. For example, develop bread, cookies and other pastries, sweets and the common, pasta products. Starch makes up most of the flour (68-76%) and exists in the form of small grains or granules. In general, the main components of white flour are starch 71%, ash 0.5%, lipid 1%, water 2%, moisture 14% and protein 12% (Figoni, 2003). 

Bamboo is a subspecies of Poaceae (grass family) and is comparable to African napper grass, elephant grass, corn, wheat, millet, and sugar cane. It is also an important grass closely related to human life, housing demand, food, clothing, and many other things. In addition, bamboo known as “the plant of multifunctional uses” because of its wide variety of applications due to the constant growth per unit area and high biomass production (Akinlabi et al., 2017). The shoots are consumed locals as vegetables, but now they offered as delicacies in special markets and restaurants and are processed and stored in various forms, including drying, fermentation, pickling, water soaked, and canned (Chongtham et al., 2011). High nutrient value contributes to the excellent nutritional potential of bamboo shoots mainly consist of fiber, protein, vitamins, minerals, carbohydrates, amino acid and low fat (Akinlabi et al., 2017). 

At the upper portion where woody material is located were observed to have high crude fiber content and polysaccharide such as starch and sugar, and during their growth the rhizomes of a 2-3-year-old young culms were know have rich in reserve nutrients (starch and nitrogen) but depending on species and part of culms which also comprises with 40% fibrous tissue and 50% of parenchyma tissue rich in starch (Chongtham et al., 2011; Felisberto et al., 2017).

Since bamboo shoots and culms are rich in nutrients, consisting of fibers, proteins, vitamins, minerals, carbohydrates, amino acid, low fat, fibrous tissue and parenchyma tissue rich in starch hence there can be a demand for new source of starch which also could be a potential substitute for production of flour. Thus, the study intends to produce and evaluate the functional property of alternative flour sourced from bamboo shoots and culms of Gigantochloa levis.

Source : Functional properties of flour substitute from bolo (Gigantochloa levis) bamboo shoots and culms

[medilab123]

Mastering Measurements Guide to Volumetric Flask Sizes for Every Task

Whether you're a seasoned scientist or a budding enthusiast, navigating the world of laboratory equipment can be daunting. Among the essential tools in any lab, the humble volumetric flask stands out for its precision and versatility. But with a range of sizes available, choosing the right one can feel like a puzzle. Fear not, curious minds! This comprehensive guide will delve into the fascinating world of volumetric flask sizes, empowering you to select the perfect tool for your experiments.

The Mighty Flask: Understanding Its Purpose

At its core, a volumetric flask is a pear-shaped glass container with a narrow neck and a calibrated line etched onto its body. This line marks the exact volume the flask is designed to hold when filled to the brim. This precise measurement makes it ideal for preparing solutions with specific concentrations, ensuring consistency and accuracy in your experiments.

A Spectrum of Sizes: Catering to Diverse Needs

Volumetric flasks come in a magnificent array of sizes, ranging from a minuscule 1 milliliter (mL) to a whopping 5 liters (L). This vast selection caters to various scientific disciplines and experiment requirements. Let's explore some common sizes and their applications:

Microliter Marvels (1 – 25 mL): Perfect for meticulous work in fields like biochemistry and microbiology, these tiny flasks measure minute volumes with exceptional precision. Imagine studying the intricate workings of a single cell or crafting a powerful enzyme solution – these diminutive heroes play a crucial role.

Milliliter Mainstays (50 – 250 mL): Workhorses of the laboratory, these mid-range flasks are well-suited for preparing standard solutions, performing titrations, and conducting general analyses. From crafting buffer solutions for protein purification to quantifying the sugar content in fruits, their versatility is unmatched.

Liter Leaguers (500 mL – 5 L): When dealing with larger volumes, these flasks step up to the challenge. Imagine brewing liters of cell culture media for large-scale experiments or preparing bulk solutions for environmental analysis – these titans are essential for scaling up your research endeavors.

Beyond Size: Additional Features to Consider

While size is crucial, other factors come into play when choosing the right volumetric flask:

Material: Borosilicate glass is the preferred choice for its heat resistance and chemical inertness. However, plastic flasks offer lightweight portability and affordability for less demanding tasks.

Stoppers: Ground-glass stoppers provide the tightest seal, while polypropylene stoppers offer convenience and affordability. Consider the required level of air and moisture protection for your experiment.

Calibration Class: Flasks are classified based on their accuracy level. Class A flasks offer the highest precision for critical measurements, while Class B flasks are suitable for routine applications.

Medilab Exports Consortium: Your Partner in Precision

When it comes to quality and reliability, Medilab Exports Consortium stands tall. They offer a comprehensive range of volumetric flasks in various sizes, materials, and calibration classes, ensuring you find the perfect match for your specific needs. Their commitment to quality extends beyond products, with exceptional customer service and technical support readily available.

Choosing Your Flask: Experiment with Confidence

Remember, the ideal volumetric flask size depends on the volume of your solution, the required accuracy, and the specific demands of your experiment. With this newfound knowledge and the wide selection offered by Medilab Exports Consortium, you're empowered to choose the perfect flask and embark on your scientific journey with confidence!

Additional Tips:

Consult your experiment protocol or instructor for specific size recommendations.

Invest in quality flasks from reputable brands like Medilab Exports Consortium for optimal accuracy and durability.

Regularly clean and maintain your flasks to ensure their continued accuracy and prevent contamination.

By understanding the different volumetric flask sizes and their applications, you'll be well on your way to mastering measurements and conducting successful experiments. So, delve into the world of scientific exploration with confidence, knowing you have the right tools at your fingertips!

[mission-to-dietitian]

STATE OF SHOCK AND INJURY: A release of the catecholamine epinephrine suppresses response to insulin.

Basal metabolic rate increases 7% for every degree rise in fever.

OBESITY: Obesity starts at a BMI of 30kg/m^2 (3 classes of obesity. BMI of 40kg/m^2 or > is Class III obesity). There are 3,500 calories per pound of body fat, so start with a deficit of 500cal/day for weight loss of 1 pound per week.

Initial rapid weight loss is water weight, due to glycogen stores pulled out from the liver (for every gram of carbohydrate stored, 3g of H2O are stored w/it)

You cannot spot lose fat. Plateau (can't continue to lose weight) occurs because BMR has dropped in order to match loss of weight.

DEFICIENCIES: stomatitis due to riboflavin (B2) deficiency

PREGNANCY: Pregnancy-induced hypertension begins at 20th week. But sodium restriction NOT recommended as the intervention.

TUBE FEEDS: Deadly to feed into an ileus. Elemental formulas = more expensive.

4-hour hang time for open systems (concern for pathogenic activity/growth). 24-48 hours for closed systems.

Nasogastric tube for short-term enteral access (for those with NORMAL GI function who require nutrition support for 3-4 weeks). Bolus, intermittent, or continuous infusions.

Naso-duodenal OR naso-jejunal feeds for those unable to tolerate gastric tube feed (recall it is best to do gastric if possible to mimic body's natural eating functions).

Give 1cc of H2O per calorie ingested. Formulas that are 1 calorie per cc are 80-86% water.

Peripheral parenteral nutrition (AKA total parenteral nutrition/TPN -- LAST resort due to the fact that it is like foie gras to the body, with implications of liver issues developing) is via small surface veins, which is short-term nutrition support. Includes protein and fat (a 10% solution of intravenous fat provides 1.1 calories per cc. A 20% solution provides 2.0 calories per cc. Think about propofol, delivered in a fat medium).

Solutions have dextrose, which provides 3.4 cal/g.

# of calories from a volume of dextrose = mL provided × % dextrose × 3.4

PPN/TPN is used to achieve anabolism when patients cannot eat by mouth and you cannot do an enteral tube feed.

Long-term central access occurs via cephalic, subclavian, or internal jugular vein and feed ls into superior vena cava.

PPN/TPN concerns: Bacterial translocation because you are bypassing the gut, which would normally kill bacteria that is ingested per os. Bacteria can travel through bloodstream and lead to SEPSIS.

In TPN, protein is provided for anabolism at 1g of nitrogen for every 150 calories ingested. The percent concentration tells you # of grams of protein per in 100mL of TPN solution (a 3% solution provides 3g of protein in 100mL of TPN solution).

Glucose infusion rate for dextrose in TPN should not exceed 4-5mg/kg/min for hyperglycemia prevention.

Fat is added to prevent essential fatty acid deficiency.

Begin tapering TPN for EN slowly, when enteral feeds provide 1/3 to 1/2 of nutrient requirements. When 60% of needs can be tolerated enterally, discontinue TPN.

BEWARE OF REFEEDING SYNDROME (starved cells take up nutrients, shifting K+, phos, and magnesium into the cell, causing HYPOKALEMIA, HYPOPHOSPHATEMIA, and HYPOMAGNESEMIA).

Overfeeding dextrose can lead to hyperglycemia

Dietary Reference Intake (DRI) reflects current population needs.

Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) is goals for healthy individuals.

Estimated Average Requiremenr (EAR) assesses group nutritional adequacy.

Upper Limit (UL) offers guidance on safe upper limits for nutrients such as vitamins.

Dietary Guidelines made to prevent chronic disease. DG written by USDA and HHS. Community nutrition programs use Dietary Guidelines to develop their plans (variety in eating, nutrient density, serving sizes, limit calories from saturated fats and added sugars, reduce sodium intake.

Healthy Eating Index (by USDA) is a measure of overall diet quality. Measures how well we follow the recommendations.

My Plate (USDA) shows essential food groups. Recommendations: balancing calories, foods to increase in the diet, foods to reduce.

Healthy People Program (HHS) identifies broad goals and specific objectives for improving health of the public. Focuses on disease prevention by changing behaviours.

The three steps in planning programs:

1) Mission Statement - describes the philosophy of the program. Need/Problem Statement describes the current situation, who says it's a problem, and what will occur if nothing is done.

2) Goals - goals are statements of broad direction and general purpose. Determine which health problems have nutritional implications. Determine what the high risk groups are. Determine what the most critical needs are.

3) Objectives - must be measurable. Objectives are more specific and defined than goals. Include specific target dates for completing specific projects. Evaluate alternative strategies available using cost effectiveness analysis.

Budget controls and coordinates activities. Indicates how and at what rate money should be expended.

Public health departments derive a portion of their income from general revenue taxes. Federal, local, and foundation grants are other sources of income.

Intervention via community nutrition programs relates to the 3 domains of learning: Cognitive, Affective, and Psychomotor.

Enabling makes it easier for people to act. Use the 4 Ps of marketing: Product, Price, Place, Promotion.

A strategy which involves psychomotor learning is helping people develop the skills needed to make and sustain new habits (e.g. how to budget, how to find the services they need.

Monitoring and Evaluation = the 4th step in the Nutrition Care Process (NCP)

Nutrition care outcomes represent results that the practitioner and nutrition care impacted individually. They can be linked to nutrition intervention goals. They're measurable and occur in a reasonable time period. They are attributed to the nutrition care provided. They're logical stepping stones to other health care outcomes.

Nutrition care outcomes are distinct from other health care outcomes b/c they represent the nutrition practitioner's specific contribution to care. They are grouped into 4 categories:

1) Food and Nutrition Related History

2) Lab Data and Medical Tests

3) Anthropometrics

4) Nutrition-Focused Physical Findings