#pyroclastic flow

[bananafrog26]

Hey geologists I need a bit of help with my worldbuilding.

So I'm adding dwarves to my setting but not your typical short stubby fleshy dudes. But rather short stubby rocky dudes. There are three types of dwarves upper crust, mid crust, and lower crust. They grow at different levels in the earth's crust and are made out of different rocks depending on what's available at that level. Like if they're closer to the surface they're made out of rocks and gems and such that naturally grow at that level.

Small issue though I have no idea what grows- forms? At those different levels farther or closer to the surface and I also don't know in what amounts. What's rare and what's common? I imagine diamonds don't grow in the same place as amethyst.

If you guys could help me out it would be much appreciated!

P.s. I did try googling it first but I couldn't find anything.

P.p.s. a visual representation like a rock map or something would be nice but is not required.

P.p.p.s. please don't be mean to me I'm not an expert on rocks I don't know exactly what to search for which is why I'm asking for help.

[geologyin-blog]

pyroclastic flow is a high-density, fast-moving surge of volcanic gases, ash, and rock fragments that races down the slopes of a volcano during explosive eruptions. These flows, often referred to as ground-hugging avalanches,

[galerymod]

We didn't order tickets for ‘Dancing on the Volcano’ here, though.

Unfortunately, they were not informed that if they choose the same, they must expect the same, and this time mathematically to infinity. Sorry, we mean to the unbearable!

mod

Pyroclastic flow

A mixture of solids and gases that can occur during a volcanic eruption and moves quickly downhill. To put it less cruelly, it can massively change everything.

Wikipedia

Politically incompetent flow

Mixture of lies, wrong decisions, etc. that occurs when a class of Politics Cast is politically incompetent. It produces effects that cause an entire country to move rapidly downhill – not to put it too cruelly – and massively change everything.

mod

The gif below is of course totally exaggerated, or is it?

Trump attacks Selenskyj: ‘You are risking a Third World War’ It couldn't be a bit smaller, or either deal and gratitude or Third World War wow.... we'll just leave the gif there to show the dimension in which the Politics Cast are juggling.

[thepastisalreadywritten]

This is what an erupting volcano looks like from space.

📽: NASA Johnson

—

A fortuitous orbit of the International Space Station allowed the astronauts this striking view of Sarychev Volcano (Kuril Islands, northeast from Hokkaido in Japan to Kamchatka Peninsula in Russia) in an early stage of eruption on 12 June 2009.

Sarychev Peak is one of the most active volcanoes in the Kuril Island chain, and it is located on the northwestern end of Matua Island.

Prior to June 12, the last explosive eruption occurred in 1989, with eruptions in 1986, 1976, 1954, and 1946 also producing lava flows.

Ash from the multi-day eruption has been detected 2,407 kilometers east-southeast and 926 kilometers west-northwest of the volcano.

Commercial airline flights are being diverted away from the region to minimize the danger of engine failures from ash intake.

This detailed astronaut photograph is exciting to volcanologists because it captures several phenomena that occur during the earliest stages of an explosive volcanic eruption.

The main column is one of a series of plumes that rose above Matua Island on June 12.

The plume appears to be a combination of brown ash and white steam. The vigorously rising plume gives the steam a bubble-like appearance.

In contrast, the smooth white cloud on top may be water condensation that resulted from rapid rising and cooling of the air mass above the ash column.

This cloud, which meteorologists call a pileus cloud, is probably a transient feature: the eruption plume is starting to punch through.

The structure also indicates that little to no shearing wind was present at the time to disrupt the plume.

(Satellite images acquired 2-3 days after the start of activity illustrate the effect of shearing winds on the spread of the ash plumes across the Pacific Ocean.)

By contrast, a cloud of denser, gray ash — probably a pyroclastic flow — appears to be hugging the ground, descending from the volcano summit.

The rising eruption plume casts a shadow to the northwest of the island.

Brown ash at a lower altitude of the atmosphere spreads out above the ground at image lower left.

Low-level stratus clouds approach Matua Island from the east, wrapping around the lower slopes of the volcano.

Only about 1.5 kilometers of the coastline of Matua Island are visible beneath the clouds and ash.

Credit: NASA Earth Observatory

[aconcernedgp]

Fun volcano fact

Did you know?

Although Lava is the most notable part of a Volcanic Eruption, they're usually the least deadly part.

Other Less notable (but way more deadly things) that come from Volcanoes are:

Pyroclastic Flows, massive rolling mixtures of Ash, Tephra, Rocks and Boulders that move extremely fast and will kill you

Volcanic Bombs, the term given to Boulders that are violently thrown off the sides of Volcanoes that weigh in tons and can crush literally anything they land on (very unpredictable)

Ash itself, which, although it doesn't seem threatening, they can suffocate you if you're outdoors, cover hundreds of square miles, suffocate all life in their area, and even if you're inside, your building's roof can collapse because only 5cm of buildup on a roof is equivalent to a massive slab of rock

Lahars, which are flash floods mixed with ash and sharp rocks that come from melted ice. they happen extremely quickly, can drown you, are like a massive attack of shiny knives, destroy tons of infrastructure and contaminate water supplies

Don't fuck around with volcanoes they will kill you and you wont expect it

[newsbrand]

Ice Cube honored at the TCL Chinese Theater with his handprints

[avanii]

The prototypes to my Geology Monsters series were these two funky guys from March 2023.

I made the sketch for the marten in the plane from Naples to home, after we'd done a full circle around Mt. Vesuvius and you could really peer into its crater and see how close it is to the metropolis. I had also visited it during my stay there (but it was cloudy all week so unfortunately the view at the summit wasn't good), as well as the ruins of Pompeii and Herculaneum. That really sparked something in me. These two volcanic beasts were painted the same week after I got home.

Later I picked up the concept again and the monsters became more, well, monstrous. I still like these though! Both are small paintings done with ecoline inks.

[avus-circuit]

y'all fun fact I love volcanoes I think they're really cool. I don't know that much about them but I love the word caldera. so fun. love the idea that the earth threw up so much it collapsed in on itself because what it threw up was supporting it. anyway.

[knockknockitsnickels]

I have been formulating a sonic OC for the past few months whomst I've been unable to complete due to my accursed wrist strain acting up, only for Surge to now be given a big jacket much like the one I gave her. Curses. Anyway this is Flow the Porcupine, she exists because I was learning about the differences between pyroclastic flows and pyroclastic surges. She has fire powers and her only personality trait is that she spouts rock facts. I hope you all like her.

[i-am-terrowin]

as a geology major the volcano episode of 911 lone star is hilarious

[thepastisalreadywritten]

[ianmiller42]

Volcanoes: An Overlooked Nuisance

Nature recently did a book review on Adventuress in Volcanoland, by Tamsin Mather. The basic message is, volcanoes are nasty, and we have to expect many more eruptions. Mather is a volcanologist, and I have met some of them. It is a job that requires great care. The primary method is listening; when magma moves around under the Earth it makes sounds. The more dangerous part of the job is to…

[comicaurora]

If the ignan's are fire proof, why is caliban scared about volcano dude blowing his top off?

they'll still die if they get hit by big rocks or buried alive in pyroclastic flow. being fireproof will not save you from this

[kinsey3furry300]

Vesuvius to Pliny the Elder, AD 79.

hey i hope this isn't a bad time but one billion points lava damage

[obsidian-hollow-archives]

Tangos reaction to learning about pyroclastic flow and the fact that volcanic eruptions can basically boil your brain until your head explodes [thank you Cleo and your geology degree]