#shadow guglielmo

[mousart]

One of the annoying parts of growing up is learning what cops are actually like and now you have this character you’ve created and have a role for and now you’re like “this character wouldn’t be cop.”

And that’s not to say I oppose having any of my heroes be cops with all the issues that entails, I mean that based on this character’s personality they literally would not be a cop.

Shadow, what on earth am I going to do with you. Your personality is sound but your role in the story has been shattered by reality

[themuseumwithoutwalls]

MWW Artwork of the Day (6/16/25) Guglielmo Ciardi (Italian, 1842-1917) Vele in Laguna [Sails in the Lagoon of Venice](c. 1880) Oil on panel, 34.5 x 55 cm. Private Collection

The grandeur of the city serves merely as a backdrop to the sky, the sea, and the modest lives of the city's working inhabitants, primarily gondoliers and fishermen. Ciardi developed paintings of the calm sea under bright sunlight to such a level of refinement that they have come to define the artist. This painting is a trademark example of this; the contrasting and sharply defined areas of light and shadow and the almost geometric shapes of the sails, standing proud against the sky, show a particular debt to the macchiaioli, but the whole is somewhat softer, characterised by shimmering reflections and a suffused atmosphere of extraordinary stillness in which sky and water seem to melt together.

[pod-together]

Pod-Together Day 3 Reveals 2023

The Yiling Lightbringer and the Shadow Patriarch | 闪电君 和 防光老祖 (陈情令 | The Untamed (TV), 魔道祖师 - 墨香铜臭 | Módào Zǔshī - Mòxiāng Tóngxiù) written by harborshore, performed by jennisaisquoi Summary: The year is 3023, and the cultivation world went to war to stop the Wen clan from taking over the planet. A year after the war ended, Wei Wuxian is running a free health clinic for the war victims of Yiling with Wen Qing. They're hiding from the Jin, who take exception to people giving away health care for free. They're also not big fans of the new electrical grid Wei Wuxian has invented, especially because he's not charging for that either. Then Yiling starts buzzing about a new cultivator dressed in black, working with resentful energy and scaring the Jins. But it's not Wei Wuxian.

Revenge Is A Powerful Spell (Buffy the Vampire Slayer (TV)) written by flipflop_diva, performed by GhostCwtch Summary: The beeping of the machines sounded like a countdown, but a countdown to what? The end of the world — again? A happily ever after? The tension in the room was palpable, like any sudden movement could either shatter it forever or send the world spinning out of control. And no one wanted to be the reason for that. So none of them moved. Nor spoke. Nor did anything but stare — at the floor, at the machines, at Tara. -- An AU starting from Season 6, Episode 19, "Seeing Red." The canon that should have been.

all eyes on me (Men's Hockey RPF) written by LizzieMack, performed by nony Summary: “You got a lot going on today?” “Job interview,” Tim says. It’s technically true. “Oh, yeah?” the guy asks, eyebrows raised halfway to his hairline. “That’s cool.” Tim shrugs. He can’t shake the feeling that the guy somehow knows what he’s here for. People come to hotels for all kinds of reasons. He’s pretty sure there’s a business expo or something going on at this one; he keeps seeing guys in suits. There’s really no way for anyone to guess that Tim is here for a porn shoot.

a false start (McGillicuddy And Murder's Pawn Shop (Podcast)) written by Koschei_B, performed by Rosemarycat5 Summary: Maude does join Night Enthusiasts. It still doesn't go well for them. Some things don't matter, because others never change.

Tied to a Dream I Can Barely Remember (Star Wars Prequel Trilogy, Star Wars: Clone Wars (2003) - All Media Types) written by litra, performed by Juulna Summary: Soulmates dream of each other, but not Obi-Wan. Not until he's lost so much and given up on it. Cody dreams of the outside, of someone who is haunted by the dark.

Collapsing Under My Dreams (Star Wars: The Clone Wars (2008) - All Media Types, Star Wars Prequel Trilogy, Star Wars - All Media Types) written by EustaciaVye, performed by AsterRoc Summary: After crash-landing on an uncharted planet, an injured Obi-Wan learns Ventress has a very different perspective of the Jedi Order’s peacekeeping activities.

Radio Killed the Semaphore Star [text, audio] (Discworld - Terry Pratchett) written by SweetPollyOliver, performed by semperfiona Summary: In 1895 on Roundworld, the inventor Guglielmo Marconi invented the wireless telegraph, which used radio waves—a form of electromagnetic radiation that is outside the visible spectrum—to transmit messages from a sending operator to a radio receiver. But, like the invention of bread*, few truly good wheezes are only thought of once, and so in the early 2000s UC on Discworld, Liam Macaroni invented a similar device that used a different form of electromagnetic radiation: octarine. And, due to the preponderance of narrativium on Discworld, radio got around to audio transmission, rather than being confined to the old dots and dashes routine, quite a bit more promptly than it did on Roundworld. *And brewing.

The Outlaws’ Guide to Parenting (DCU) created by Flowerparrish, kbirb, and Opalsong Summary: Roy: so you know how I had that fling with Chershire for a month or two a couple years ago? Roy: apparently the condom broke Kori: You have a child! Jason: of fucking course we're keeping her

Provision (9-1-1 (TV)) written by domarzione, performed by blackglass Summary: ( noun) The providing or supplying of something, especially of food or other necessities Michael and Bobby, figuring out their places in relation to each other, to Athena, and to the world.

The Care And Feeding Of Poorly Warlocks [text, audio] (Shadowhunters (TV)) written by mansikka, performed by ToughPaperRound Summary: Alec's second day of being home starts with a sneeze so violent that it forces all of the feathers from their comforter and pillows. "Not to worry," Magnus says cheerfully, magicking all the feathers away and replacing the bedding with a simple flourish. There must be dust in the air along with those feathers, because Alec then starts coughing, and in the process manages to summon a hairdryer, a pair of shorts, and a single, freshly boiled egg. In which, Alec gets his first warlock flu and his magic makes it everybody's problem.

Shepard's No One Fan (Mass Effect - All Media Types, Mass Effect Trilogy) written by ThreeWhiskeyLunch, performed by Djapchan Summary: During the events of Mass Effect 1, Conrad Verner starts up a WeeView channel. What starts out as a fangirl-for-Shepard channel turns into something much else during the events of Saren and the Geth's invasion of the Citadel.

[stillucestore]

Una bella novità di Flos è To-Tie di Guglielmo Poletti.

Una lampada da tavolo a luce diffusa realizzata in vetro trasparente disponibile in diverse misure.‎ La luce viene emessa dal manico in alluminio.‎ Diffusore multi-LED in policarbonato bianco, studiato appositamente per evitare abbagliamento e l'odioso l’effetto multi shadow. La sorgente LED ad alta efficienza ha una durata di oltre 50.‎000 ore.‎

Un aspetto molto importante é dedicato alla sostenibilità, la lampada di Guglielmo Poletti é assemblata nei suoi vari componenti senza l'uso di colle e può essere facilmente smontata per sostituire le singole parti e separare i vari materiali per il riciclo 🍀

Flos To-Tie T1 Matt Black è tra le nostre Lampade a KM Zero, super scontata e pronta per la spedizione. Scopri le nostre #LampadeKMZero 100% Originali, 100% Garantite, 100% Subito Disponibili!

La Casa comincia dalla Luce.

📸: Foto in studio Guglielmo Poletti ©

[welcometowinstanleyslighthouse]

Navesink Lighthouse

The Navesink Lighthouse, also called the Navesink Twin Lights, is a non-operational lighthouse and museum located in Monmouth County, New Jersey.

The current lighthouse structure was built in 1862, however there have been a pair beacons on the Highlands of Navesink since 1828. The castle-like construction possesses both a northern octagonal tower and a southern square tower. The large building in the middle served as the primary keepers quarters with additional quarters for assistant keepers in the wings attaching the towers. Navesink was the first lighthouse in the U.S. to be installed with Fresnel Lenses, making it the most powerful light in the country at the time.

During the 1893 World's Columbia Exposition in Chicago the French Lighthouse board convinced the U.S. to purchase an electric powered bivalve lens. The lens was eventually installed at Navesink and in its south tower where it produced 25,000,000 candlepower as opposed to the original Fresnel lens' 8,000 candlepower. It was so powerful the not only did its keepers require special eye protection to work near it, but also disturb the nearby locals and their livestock. In addition, the northern tower was decommissioned in 1898 as the new lens had overpowered it into uselessness.

A number of other firsts have occurred at the light over its history. In 1899, Guglielmo Marconi erected the antenna mast of the first wireless telegraph in the United States for sending and receiving messages on a regular commercial basis. The first experimental radio beacon was established near the lighthouse in 1917, and just before World War II the first experiments in radar were conducted in the shadow of the north tower.

The light would finally be extinguished in 1949, and two years after its' impressive bivalve lens would be bought and displayed in the Boston Museum of Science. Navesink light would eventually be truned over to the State of New Jersey in 1962 and converted into a state park and museum. The bivalve lens would actually be returned to Navesink in 1979 where it now resides in the light's historic brick generator building.

LighthouseFriends.com

Wikipedia

[sciatu]

PALERMO - AL-AZIZA, LA ZISA, LA SPLENDIDA

Il re volle che venisse costruito un castello per l’estate. Suo padre Ruggero, come re di Sicilia, aveva dato il via alla costruzione di chiese e castelli ad evidenziare la sua potenza e forza che in tutto il mediterraneo non avevano uguali. Così lui, Guglielmo che il suo popolo avrebbe chiamato il Malo, volle una reggia che nei secoli tutti dovevano ricordare per bellezza e ricchezza. Cosi venne costruito il nuovo castello con la struttura forte e invincibile dei castelli normanni ma al suo interno i sudditi arabi del re costruirono una meraviglia. Davanti al castello, da dove in estate venivano i venti caldi del nord ovest, disposero lunghe vasche di acque tranquille unite da allegre cascate. I venti arrivando, calmavano la loro arsura scivolando sulle acque quiete e giungendo al castello entravano dai tre grandi archi lasciati a loro disposizione. Si scontravano cosi con l’ombra del colonnato e con il canto della fontana che li salutava. Dal colonnato, attraverso le rampe di scale ed aperture che salivano lungo le mura, portando frescura in tutte le stanze, prima in quelle al primo piano delle donne, poi in quelle al secondo dove c’erano le stanze del re. Intorno al castello vi erano giardini pieni di luminosi limoni, grandi aranceti, siepi di gelsomini e rose, così che il vento, salendo verso le stanze del re portasse ora un profumo, ora l’altro, accendendo le notti di piacere e sogni. All’interno, il castello era ricoperto di mosaici coloratissimi e tendaggi di seta color porpora con ricami in oro ed argento, i musici berberi nascondevano il frinire delle cicale con melodie melanconiche e ritmiche, i menestrelli provenzali facevano la corte alle dame di corte recitando le loro audaci poesie. Tutto in quel castello era splendido e meraviglioso. Fu così che fu da tutti quella dimora fantastica fu chiamata Al-Aziza, la Zisa ovvero, la Splendida.

The king wanted a castle to be built for the summer. His father Ruggero, as king of Sicily, had started the construction of churches and castles to highlight his power and strength that had no equal in the whole Mediterranean. So he, Guglielmo that his people would have called the Malo, wanted a palace that over the centuries everyone had to remember for its beauty and wealth. Thus the new castle was built with the strong and invincible structure of the Norman castles but inside the king's Arab subjects built a marvel. In front of the castle, from where the warm winds from the north west came in the summer, they laid out long pools of calm waters joined by cheerful waterfalls. The winds arriving, calmed their heat by sliding on the still waters and reaching the castle they entered through the three large arches left at their disposal. Thus they collided with the shadow of the colonnade and with the song of the fountain that greeted them. From the colonnade, through the flights of stairs and openings that went up along the walls, bringing coolness to all the rooms, first in those on the first floor of the women, then in those on the second floor where the king's rooms were. Around the castle there were gardens full of bright lemon trees, large orange groves, hedges of jasmine and roses, so that the wind, rising towards the king's rooms, brought now a perfume, now the other, lighting up the nights of pleasure and dreams. Inside, the castle was covered with colorful mosaics and purple silk curtains with gold and silver embroidery, the Berber musicians hid the chirping of cicadas with melancholic and rhythmic melodies, the Provencal minstrels courted the ladies of the court reciting the their bold poems. Everything in that castle was splendid and wonderful. So it was that everyone called that fantastic abode Al-Aziza, the Zisa or, the Splendid.

[drnikolatesla]

Nikola Tesla Explaining His World Wireless System and How It Differs From Today's.

A pre-hearing interview with his legal counsel in 1916 to protect his radio patents from the Guglielmo Marconi and the Marconi Company.

Tesla:

"This illustrates, on a larger scale, the earth. Here is my transmitter—mine or anybody's transmitter—because my system is the system of the day. The only difference is in the way I apply it. They, the radio engineers, want to apply my system one way; I want to apply it in another way."

"This is the circuit energizing the antenna. As the vibratory energy flows, two things happen: There is electromagnetic energy radiated and a current passes into the earth. The first goes out in the form of rays, which have definite properties. These rays propagate with the velocity of light, 300,000 kilometers per second. This energy is exactly like a hot stove. If you will imagine that the cylinder antenna is hot—and indeed it is heated by the current—it would radiate out energy of exactly the same kind as it does now. If the system is applied in the sense I want to apply it, this energy is absolutely lost, in all cases most of it is lost. While this electromagnetic energy throbs, a current passes into the globe."

"Now, there is a vast difference between these two, the electromagnetic and current energies. That energy which goes out in the form of rays, is, as I have indicated here, unrecoverable, hopelessly lost. You can operate a little instrument by catching a billionth part of it but, except this, all goes out into space never to return. This other energy, however, of the current in the globe, is stored and completely recoverable. Theoretically, it does not take much effort to maintain the earth in electrical vibration. I have, in fact, worked out a plant of 10,000 horse-power which would operate with no bigger loss than 1 percent of the whole power applied; that is, with the exception of the frictional energy that is consumed in the rotation of the engines and the heating of the conductors, I would not lose more than 1 percent. In other words, if I have a 10,000 horsepower plant, it would take only 100 horsepower to keep the earth vibrating so long as there is no energy taken out at any other place."

"There is another difference. The electromagnetic energy travels with the speed of light, but see how the current flows. At the first moment, this current propagates exactly like the shadow of the moon at the earth's surface. It starts with infinite velocity from that point, but its speed rapidly diminishes; it flows slower and slower until it reaches the equator, 6,000 miles from the transmitter. At that point, the current flows with the speed of light—that is, 300,000 kilometers per second. But, if you consider the resultant current through the globe along the axis of symmetry of propagation, the resultant current flows continuously with the same velocity of light."

"Whether this current passing through the center of the earth to the opposite side is real, or whether it is merely an effect of these surface currents, makes absolutely no difference. To understand the concept, one must imagine that the current from the transmitter flows straight to the opposite point of the globe."

"There is where I answer the attacks which have been made on me. For instance, Dr. Pupin has ridiculed the Tesla system. He says,"

  "The energy goes only in all directions."

"It does not. It goes only in one direction. He is deceived by the size and shape of the earth. Looking at the horizon, he imagines how the currents flow in all directions, but if he would only for a moment think that this earth is like a copper wire and the transmitter on the top of the same, he would immediately realize that the current only flows along the axis of the propagation."

"The mode of propagation can be expressed by a very simple mathematical law, which is, the current at any point flows with a velocity proportionate to the cosecant of the angle which a radius from that point includes with the axis of symmetry of wave propagation. At the transmitter, the cosecant is infinite; therefore, the velocity is infinite. At a distance of 6,000 miles, the cosecant is unity; therefore, the velocity is equal to that of light. This law I have expressed in a patent by the statement that the projections of all zones on the axis of symmetry are of the same length, which means, in other words, as is known from rules of trigonometry, that the areas of all the zones must also be equal. It says that although the waves travel with different velocities from point to point, nevertheless each half wave always includes the same area. This is a simple law, not unlike the one which has been expressed by Kepler with reference to the areas swept over by the radii vectors."

"I hope that I have been clear in this exposition—in bringing to your attention that what I show here is the system of the day, and is my system—only the radio engineers use my apparatus to produce too much of this electromagnetic energy here, instead of concentrating all their attention on designing an apparatus which will impress a current upon the earth and not waste the power of the plant in an uneconomical process."

Counsel:

"You say radio engineers put too much energy into the radiating part. What, as a matter of fact, according to your conception, is the part of the energy that is received in the receivers in the present system?"

Tesla:

"That has been investigated. Very valuable experiments have been made by Dr. Austin, who has measured the effects at a distance. He has evolved a formula in agreement with the Hertz wave theory, and the energy collected is an absolutely vanishing quantity. It is just enough to operate a very delicate receiver. If it were not for such devices as are now in use, the audion, for instance, nothing could be done. But with the audion, they magnify so that this infinitesimal energy they get is sufficient to operate the receiver. With my system, I can convey to a distant point millions of times the energy they transmit."

Counsel:

"To illustrate my question, take for instance the energy used at Sayville and the reception of that at Nauen. I want to know whether it is your idea that the reception there is due to the earth currents that you have described or to the radiated energy."

Tesla:

"It is far more due to the earth currents than to the radiated energy. I believe, indeed, that the radiated energy alone could not possibly produce the effect across the Atlantic. It is simply because they are incidentally sending a current through the globe—which they think is their current—that the receiver is affected. The current produces variations of potential at the earth's surface in Germany; these fluctuations of potential energize the circuit, and by resonance they increase the potential there and operate the receiver. But I do not mean that it is absolutely impossible to use my apparatus and operate with electromagnetic waves across the Atlantic or Pacific. I only say that according to calculations, for instance, which I have made of the Sayville plant, the radiated energy is very small and cannot be operative. I have also calculated the distribution of the charge on the antenna. I am told that the Sayville antenna is without abrupt changes of capacity. It is impossible. There are changes even in a cylindrical antenna; but particularly in that form at Sayville—there are very abrupt changes..."

"From my circuit you can get either electromagnetic waves, 90 percent of electromagnetic waves if you like, and 10 percent in the current energy that passes through the earth. Or, you can reverse the process and get 10 percent of the energy in electromagnetic waves and 90 percent in energy of the current that passes through the earth... I am suppressing electromagnetic waves. In my system, you should free yourself of the idea that there is radiation, that the energy is radiated. It is not radiated; it is conserved.”

“Nikola Tesla On His Works With Alternating Currents and Their Application to Wireless Telegraphy, and Transmission of Power.” Twenty First Century Books, Breckenridge, Colorado, 2002.

[art-now-italy]

MIDDAY REST IN SICILY, Guglielmo Alberto Nacci

I was travelling throught south-east Sicily and capturing with my camera, images that looks like paintings waiting to be done. This is one of a series of animals resting in the shadow of a tree at noon. I hope one could feel the heat and hear the crickets singing, watching at this painting.

https://www.saatchiart.com/art/Painting-MIDDAY-REST-IN-SICILY/343813/3736067/view

[notincorrectleagueofheroes]

Fistman(David): Shadow! Welcome back! How was the movie? Where’s Ace?

Shadow: Ace is haunted.

David: What

Shadow: (holsters tonfa and gets a bandolier of exorcism texts) Ace is haunted.

[mousart]

My original attempt at pen-only drawing was to draw one of my characters. Thought Shadow would be easy because he’s got a very geometric face structure with clear defined shapes everywhere, and his demon form is pitch black anyway.

Didn’t work that way, which is why I was told to try pen again but more free form, which is what the previous post was.

[miaxylor]

오늘의 운세 ㈁ 이온층

이온층 지구의 대기는 고도가 증가함에 따라 밀도와 구성성분이 달라진다. 대기의 가장 낮은 부분은 대류권이라고 불리며, 이것은 지표면에서 약 10km까지 뻗어 있다. 대류권의 기체들은 주로 산소분자(O2)와 질소(N2)분자이며, 밀도가 높아 지구 대기의 90%와 수증기의 99%를 포함한다. 10km 위 부분의 대기는 성층권이라고 불린다. 기체는 여전히 밀도가 높아서 뜨거운 공기의 기구는 15∼20km의 고도까지, 헬륨 기구는 거의 35km까지 올라갈 수 있다.그러나 이곳에서는 공기층이 빠르게 얇아지고, 기체 구성 성분은 고도가 높아짐에 따라 변한다. 성층권 내에서, 240nm 아래의 파장에서 들어오는 태양 복사는 산소분자를 각각의 산소원자들로 쪼갤 수 있으며 각각의 원자들은 산소분자와 다시 결합하게 되어 세 개의 산소원자로 되어 있는 오존(O3)을 형성한다. 이 기체는 약 25km의 고도에서 최고밀도에 이르게 된다. 대기는 높은 고도로 갈수록 희박해진다. 80km 높이에서의 기체는 너무 희박해서 자유전자가 주변의 양이온에 의해 포착되기 전의 짧은 시간 동안만 존재할 수 있으나, 이고도 이상에서 대전 된 입자들의 존재는 이온층(ionosphere, 전리층)의 시작을 나타낸다. 이온층은 태양 에너지에 의해 공기 분자가 이온화되어 자유 전자가 밀집된 곳이다. 이온층의 형성 이온층이란 태양 에너지에 의해 기체 분자들과 몇몇 원자들이 이온화(ionization)되어 자유전자가 밀집된 층을 말한다. 지구 대기는 높이에 따라 대류권, 성층권, 중간권, 열권으로 구분된다.이온층(전리층)은 열권에 존재한다. 태양복사는 태양상수로 알려진 1,370W/m²의 세기로 지구의 대기를 친다. 이러한 강한 복사는 라디오 주파수에서 적외선복사, 그리고 가시광선과 엑스선에 이르는 넓은 범위의 스펙트럼에 걸쳐 퍼져 있다. 이 때 자외선 파장과 더 짧은 파장의 광자가 충돌하며 기체 분자나 중성기체 원자로부터 전자를빼앗아 이온화시키는 것으로 여겨진다.태양복사의 입사는 기체원자나 분자에 흔히 있는 일이다. 이 과정에서 복사의 일부분은 핵에 의해 흡수되고 자유전자와 양이온(혹은 양성자)가 생성된다. 고도가 낮아짐에 따라, 더 많은 가스 원자들이 존재하여 이온화 진행은 증가한다. 그러나 만일 동시에 자유전자가 양이온에 가까이 움직이게 된다면 자유전자가 양이온에 사로잡혀, '재결합'이라고하는 상반되는 과정이 발생한다. 낮은 고도에서 기체밀도가크므로 이온화가 증가하지만, 재결합과정 또한 같은 이유로 가속된다. 이러한 두 과정 사이의 균형이 이온화도를 결정한다.낮은 고도에서는 기체원자와 분자들의 수가 훨씬많아 태양 복사로부터 에너지를 흡수하는 경우가 더 많이 생긴다. 그러나 높은 고도에서 이미 흡수되는 복사 때문에, 낮은 고도에 까지 전달되는 복사량 자체가 더 작다. 따라서 이온화되는 양보다 재결합되는 양이 상대적으로 커서 이온화율은 고도가 낮아짐에 따라 줄어들기 시작한다.이런 현상이이온화 극점이나 층들의 형성을 이끌어낸다. 이온층 연구의 시작 1864년, 스코틀랜드 수학자인 제임스 맥스웰(James Clerk Maxwell, 1831~1879)은 전자기파가 한 지역에서 다른 지역으로 전달될 수 있음을 설명하는 논문을 발표했다. 맥스웰의 전자기복사 이론은 1880년 말에 독일의 물리학자인 하인리히 헤르츠(Heinrich Rudolf Hertz, 1857~1894)의 꾸준한 실험에 의해서참으로 증명되었다.19세기 마지막에 이르러서야 비로소 이탈리아 과학자인 마르케스마르코니(Guglielmo Marconi, 1874~1937)에 의해 이러한 이론들과 실험들이 실용적인 무선 통신체제로 탈바꿈할 수 있었다. 무선통신에 전자기 복사를 이용한 개척정신으로마르코니는 1909년 노벨 물리학상을 수상했다. 1899년, 마르코니는 그의 무선 통신기술이 영국해협을 넘어간다는 것을 증명하였고, 1901년 12월 12일에는 마르코니가 영국의 콘월(Cornwall)에서부터 보낸 신호를 캐나다 동해안의 섬에서 수신하였다.전 세계적인 통신 시대의 가능성을 보여준 마르코니의이 유명한 실험은 심각한 과학적인 딜레마를 불러왔다. 이 시점에 이르러, 전자기파는 빛과 비슷한 방법으로 똑바른 선을 따라 이동한다고 가정되었다. 만일, 이것이 사실이라면, 최대 가능 통신거리는아래의 그림1에 보이는 경로에 의해 결정될 것이다. 전파신호는 어떤 방해물질이 그것을 차단하는 지점까지는 수신될 것이고, 만일 그 경로에 어떤 물질도 없다면, 최대거리는 송신기, 수신안테나의 높이 그리고 지구의 곡률에 의해서 결정된다. 유추를 통해 빛의 그림을 그려볼 때, 이 거리는 LOS(가시거리, Line of Sight)라고 불리는 거리로 나타난다. 그렇다면, 마르코니의 대서양 횡단 실험에서 전파는 어떻게 대서양을 건너전달될 수 있었을까? 이미지 목록 그림 1. 푸른색 지역은 무선 전송이 가능한 LOS(가시거리, Line of Sight)이다. 수신안테나는 SR(그림자지역, shadow region) 안에 있으며 송신기로부터 직접적으로 신호를 수신할 수 없다. 그림 2. 고위도에서 전도성이 있는 지역은 전파신호를 반사시킬 것이다. 1902년, 올리버 헤비사이드(Oliver Heaviside, 1850~1925)와 아서 케넬리(Arthur Edwin Kennelly, 1861~1939)는 지구를 향해 반사되는 전달신호를 통해 고층대기에 전도층이 존재함을 제시했다. 이때까지, 전도층에 대한 직접적인 증거는 아무것도 없었으며, 지구의 고층대기의 물리적, 전기적 조성에 대해 알려진 것도 거의 없었다. 만일 그러한 전도층이 존재한다면, 그것은 그림 2에서 보이는 것처럼 전파통신에서 LOS를 확장할 수 있을 ��이다. 1920년대 중반에, 이오노존데(ionosonde, 전파가 전리층에서 반사되어 지상으로 돌아오는 시간을 측정하는 장치)의 개발은 이온층에 대한 직접적인 관측을 가져왔으며, 이온층의 특징과 다양성 및 이온층이 전파에 미치는 영향에 대한 최초의 과학적 연구를 할 수 있게 하였다.이처럼 마르코니의 대서양 횡단실험은 새롭게 발견된 이온층의 유용성을 연구하는 수많은 실험을 불러일으켰다. 대부분의 중요한 초기 실험들은 아마추어 전파연구가들에 의해 수행되었다. 이들은 원거리 전송을 위해서는 이온층을 통하여 2MHz 이상의 높은 주파수의 사용이 필요��다는 것을 보여주었다. 이온층의 구조 우리는 이온층을 D, E, F 그리고 상위층(topside)이라고 불리는 네 부분의 지역으로 나눈다.여기에 F1, F2처럼 정기적으로 발생했다가 사라지는 몇몇 층으로 더 나누어지기도 한다. D층 지표에서 약 75∼95km 사이의 지역으로 상대적으로 이온화가 약한 지역으로높은 주파수의 라디오파를 흡수한다. E층 지표에서 약 95∼150km 사이의 지역이다. 이 지역 안에서의 분리된 층들은 E에 별도의 표시를 붙여 구분한다. 즉, 짙은 층은 E2와 같이 표시를 하고, 변하기 쉬운 얇은 층은 산발성의 E라고 표시한다. F층 지표에서 약 150km 위 부분의 지역은 F층이라 불리며 반사도가 가장 높은 층이다. 이 지역은 크게 F1층과 F2층으로 나뉜다. 하지만 밤이 되면 이 경계는 사라지고, F층으로 합쳐지게 된다. 상위층(topside) 이온층의 이 부분은 F2층의 최고 높이에서 시작해서 O+이온들이 H+와 He+보다 적어지는 전이 높이까지로 구분되고, 밀도는 올라갈수록 줄어든다. 전이 높이는 1,100km 만큼 높지만, 낮에는 800km까지, 밤에는 500km 아래로 떨어진다. 이온층 활동 태양의 활동은 이온층에도 영향을 미친다. 플레어와 코로나 물질의 방출과 같은 태양활동은 가끔 이온권의 교란을 발생시키는데, 이를 ‘이온폭풍’이라 한다. 이 이온폭풍들은 통신위성을 두절시키며, 전기에너지의 흐름을 방해하는 것과 같은 지구 상의 중요한 문제를 일으킨다. 따라서이러한 이온폭풍의 변화를 파악하고 예측하는 일의 중요성이 대두되었다.현재는 지구의 GPS(위성항법장치, Global Positioning System) 네트워크를 이용해 이온폭풍을 관측하여 예보한다.또한, 미분적인 이미지 기술인 DMT(Discrete Multi-Tone)를 통해이온폭풍의 변화를 뚜렷이 확인할 수 있으며, 이온층의 변화에 따라 폭풍을 구별할 수 있게 되었다. 이제 거의 실시간으로 전 세계에서 동시에 발생하는 이온폭풍을 연구할 수 있게 된 것이다. 이미지 목록 GPS 네트워크를 만드는 전세계 100군데 이상의GPS 수신기. 지구 이온층 지도. 지구 이온층 지도(GIM, Global Ionosphere Map)는 전체 전자의 양(TEC, total electron content)을 살펴 볼 수 있는 지도다. 지도를 생성하는 데 이용되는 데이터는,전 세계 100군데 이상의 지속적으로 작동하는 GPS 수신기들로부터 얻어진 것이다. 매 30초마다 각각의 GPS 수신기로부터 얻어진 6~8개의 TEC 값을 시간과 공간에 따른 보간법을 사용하여 제공한다. 지도는 5~15분의 비율로 갱신되고 있으며, 실시간 방식으로 생성될 수 있다. 지구 이온층 지도는 고층대기의 과학적인 연구를 위해 이용되고 있다. 또한, 전 우주환경의 중요 요소인 이온층 환경의 전체적인 패턴을 감시하는 새로운 도구로 주목받고 있으며, 이것은 국제 우주 환경 프로그램을 위한 중요한 데이터원이 될 것이다.불규칙적으로 구성된 이온층의 영역들은 라디오 신호에 회절과 흩뿌림을 일으킬 수 있다. 안테나에서 수신하였을 때, 이러한 신호들은 진폭과 위상에서 일시적인 동요를 나타낸다. 이것을 이온층의 섬광이라고 하며, 위성 항공시스템들의 질을 떨어뜨린다. 국제 우주 날씨 프로그램은 이러한 이온층의 불규칙성과 섬광을 우주 날씨 구성 요소의 중요한 열쇠로 보며 목록으로 작성하고 있다.현재의 지구 전체의 GPS 네트워크는 수백 개의 GPS 관측소를 포함하며, 그 수는 현재 계속해서 증가하고 있다. 이러한 관측소에서 각각의 수신기는 서로 다른 방향으로부터 동시에 GPS 인공위성으로부터 발생하는 L-band(엘 밴드, 390~1,550MHz) 이중 주파수 신호를 수신할 수 있다. 통합검색 검색결과 더보기 쥐띠 - 어려움 없는 일이 얼마나 되겠는가. 동요하지 마라. 이정도의 시련쯤은 거뜬히 이겨낼수 있다고 생각하는 것이 중요하다. 자신의 생각을 소신것 펼치고 행동해도 무방할 것이다. 자신감을 갖어라. 48년생 : 초반은 어려움이 있다. 단, 후에 실마리가 보이기 시작한다. 60년생 : 평소 하지 않던 행동으로 손해를 볼 수 있겠다. 72년생 : 하루 종일 환한 미소가 떠나지 않을 정도로 행복하다. 84년생 : 미련을 두지 말고 새롭게 시작하는 게 이익이다. 96년생 : 자신의 명예나 자존심을 회복할 수 있는 일이 생긴다.

[dailynewswebsite]

100 years ago, the first commercial radio broadcast announced the results of the 1920 election – politics would never be the same

When Frank Conrad broadcast the outcomes of the 1920 presidential election, he had no concept that politics could be eternally reworked. Bettmann by way of Getty Photographs

Solely 100 individuals have been listening, however the first broadcast from a licensed radio station occurred at eight p.m. on Nov. 2, 1920. It was Pittsburgh’s KDKA, and the station was broadcasting the outcomes of that 12 months’s presidential election.

When the person accountable, Frank Conrad, flipped the swap for the primary time, he couldn’t have envisioned simply how profoundly broadcast media would rework political life.

For hundreds of years, individuals had learn politicians’ phrases. However radio made it potential to take heed to them in actual time. Politicians’ personalities rapidly began to matter extra. The best way their voices sounded made extra of a distinction. And their skill to interact and entertain grew to become essential parts of their candidacies.

Tv, adopted by social media, would construct off this drastic shift in a means that eternally reworked American politics.

And the winner is…

Within the 1890s, radio alerts have been transmitted over lengthy distances for the primary time, work for which engineer Guglielmo Marconi obtained the Nobel Prize in 1909. By the 1910s, newbie radio operators have been transmitting their very own voices and music, however few individuals had radios, and no income was generated.

In 1920, workers of inventor and industrialist George Westinghouse come across an thought to spice up radio gross sales by offering programming that enormous numbers of individuals may tune in to.

The person who made it occur was Frank Conrad. A Pittsburgh native whose formal training had ended within the seventh grade, Conrad would go on to carry over 200 patents.

Realizing that radio may cowl the presidential race, he scheduled a broadcast for Election Day 1920.

That night time, from what would grow to be the nation’s first industrial radio station, Conrad broadcast the results of the 1920 U.S. presidential election that pitted Democrat James Cox towards Republican Warren Harding. Conrad obtained the election returns by phone, and those that listened in by radio knew the result – a Harding landslide – earlier than anybody may learn it in a newspaper the following day.

KDKA operated out of Frank Conrad’s storage. Bettmann by way of Getty Photographs

Channeling a unique form of politics

In 1964, media theorist Marshall McLuhan famously declared that “The medium is the message,” which means that the form of channel via which a message is transmitted issues greater than its content material.

Impressions of politicians – together with their approaches to campaigning – modified with the appearance of radio.

For hundreds of years, the principal medium for mass political information was the printed phrase. When Abraham Lincoln and Stephen Douglas participated in a collection of 9 debates for a U.S. Senate in Illinois in 1858, in-person attendees numbered within the hundreds, however thousands and thousands adopted the debates via in depth newspaper accounts nationwide. The candidates have been anticipated to make arguments, and every of the debates lasted three hours.

By the 1930s, politicians may handle residents instantly via radio. The Nice Despair prompted FDR’s hearth chats, and through World Conflict II Winston Churchill spoke on to the individuals by way of the BBC. FDR’s press secretary lauded radio, saying “It can’t misrepresent or misquote.” However McLuhan later described it as a “scorching” medium, as a result of broadcast speeches may incite passions in a means that additionally made potential the rise of totalitarians reminiscent of Mussolini and Hitler.

Marshall McLuhan famously noticed that ‘the medium is the message.’ Francois BIBAL/Gamma-Rapho by way of Getty Photographs

Tv takes over

With time, politicians began dabbling in utilizing leisure to get the eye of voters. Within the radio period, stars like Judy Garland belted out songs on behalf of President Franklin D. Roosevelt.

As soon as tv arrived, political technique shifted much more within the route of spectacle. RCA had experimented with tv broadcasts within the 1930s, however in 1945 there have been fewer than 10,000 TV units within the U.S. By the 1950s, the most important broadcast networks – ABC, CBS and NBC – have been up and working.

Within the 1952 election, the Eisenhower marketing campaign began working with advert companies and actors reminiscent of Robert Montgomery to craft the candidate’s TV persona. Greater than ever earlier than, a finely honed picture grew to become the important thing to political energy.

By 1960 there have been 46 million TVs in use throughout the U.S., setting the stage for 66 million individuals to view the primary televised presidential debate between John Kennedy and Richard Nixon. Kennedy was fairly telegenic, however Richard Nixon confirmed as much as their first debate wanting pale, carrying a go well with that contrasted poorly with the set, and sporting a 5 o’clock shadow. Most who listened to the controversy on the radio thought Nixon had gained, however a big majority of tv viewers gave the nod to Kennedy.

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Are politicians merely creatures of mass media?

At the moment, social media have helped to additional rework political discourse from reasoned argument to attention-grabbing pictures and memes. Politicians, who now compete with lots of of different media channels and retailers, have to seize voters’ consideration, and so they more and more flip to ridicule and even outrage to take action.

Some may regard fashionable politics as fulfilling a McLuhan prophecy: “The politician might be solely too comfortable to abdicate in favor of his picture, as a result of the picture might be a lot extra highly effective than he’ll ever be.”

Growing reliance on broadcast and social media makes it tougher to concentrate on the deserves of arguments. However visible drama is one thing practically everybody can relate to immediately.

Might Donald Trump have been elected president in 1860? Might Abraham Lincoln be elected president right this moment?

We’ll by no means know. But when we take McLuhan at his phrase, we should critically think about the chance that each males are the creatures of the mass media of their day.

Democratic societies neglect the results of latest types of media on the standard of political discourse at their very own peril.

Authorities “of the individuals, by the individuals, and for the individuals” – as Lincoln put it – can thrive solely when voters are knowledgeable by a very strong change of concepts.

Richard Gunderman doesn’t work for, seek the advice of, personal shares in or obtain funding from any firm or group that might profit from this text, and has disclosed no related affiliations past their educational appointment.

from Growth News https://growthnews.in/100-years-ago-the-first-commercial-radio-broadcast-announced-the-results-of-the-1920-election-politics-would-never-be-the-same/ via https://growthnews.in

[stillucestore]

Un'altra bella novità di Flos e la nuova To-Tie di Guglielmo Poletti. Una lampada da tavolo a luce diffusa realizzata in vetro trasparente disponibile in diverse misure.‎ La luce viene emessa dal manico in alluminio.‎ Diffusore multi-LED in policarbonato bianco, studiato appositamente per evitare abbagliamento e l'odioso l’effetto multi shadow. La sorgente LED ad alta efficienza ha una durata di oltre 50.‎000 ore.‎ Un aspetto molto importante é dedicato alla sostenibilità, la lampada di Guglielmo Poletti é assemblata nei suoi vari componenti senza l'uso di colle e può essere facilmente smontata per sostituire le singole parti e separare i vari materiali per il riciclo 🍀 La Casa comincia dalla Luce. #StilluceStore #FlosLighting #GuglielmoPoletti 📸: Foto in studio Guglielmo Poletti © (presso Stilluce Store) https://www.instagram.com/p/CktTOUXoped/?igshid=NGJjMDIxMWI=

[thisdaynews]

What I’ve Learned Staking Out Trump’s Washington Hotel

New Post has been published on https://thebiafrastar.com/what-ive-learned-staking-out-trumps-washington-hotel/

What I’ve Learned Staking Out Trump’s Washington Hotel

The Trump family is reportedly exploring a sale of the Trump Hotel in Washington D.C., partly out of concerns raised by ethics watchdogs and emoluments lawsuits that the president is profiting off of his presidency. The Trumps are right to be (belatedly) worried. I know the Trump Hotel D.C. pretty well, and I feel confident saying there is plenty more where those red flags came from.

My daily look at who is patronizing the president’s D.C. hotel started as research in July 2017 for what became one sentence in a 5,500-word feature forCondé Nast Traveler. A few minutes on Instagram revealed that if you had concerns about the U.S. president doubling as a hotelier, they were well-founded. I found photos of Rep. Duncan Hunter (R–Calif.) crashing a Vapor Technology Association’s conference; a guest posing with former Trump campaign manager Corey Lewandowski, captioning her photo, “He’s still calling the shots”; and the president’s attorney Rudy Giuliani enjoying a cigar in a wine-stained tux the night of Treasury Secretary Steve Mnuchin’s wedding. Lawmakers, lobbying groups and would-be powerbrokers were taking full advantage of the chance to better their lot by throwing a few bucks the president’s way.

Story Continued Below

More than two years later, I haven’t stopped scrolling through photos from the Trump Hotel D.C. For two years, I’ve read through every Instagram, Facebook and Twitter post geo-located to the Trump Hotel D.C. I’ve also made several visits and done some more sleuthing around the internet, then published my findings, first on a Twitter thread and now in a newsletter that comes out five days a week.

The afore-referenced pic of Rudy Giuliani with stains on his shirt at the Trump Hotel DC a few weeks ago. https://t.co/TPNxCqgxMx pic.twitter.com/Kg93lwGI4l

— Zach Everson (@Z_Everson) July 26, 2017

After two years of observation, I’ve learned three big things about how people use the Trump hotel to curry favor with the president, all while he profits.

Social media from the Trump Hotelcan tip us off to major stories months in advance.

Despite being known as the “guy who’s always at the Trump Hotel,” I visit about once a month, usually to meet with other journalists, in response to a tip or because friends from out of town want a justification for grabbing a drink there. Instead, most sightings come from the 80-plus websites and social-media pages I‘ve bookmarked—Twitter feeds and lists and a dozen Google alerts. If you want it to be known that you’re sending money the president’s way, social media is an easy way to do that, after all—and that online advertising makes it fairly easy to find the Trump Hotel’s big spenders. Instagram, LinkedIn and a website of a person’s employer are more helpful for identifying lobbyists than watching them work in situ.

Social media can be especially useful in combination with real-time observation. For instance, take the evening this past March when I spotted Romania’s prime minister, Viorica Dancila, at the hotel.

That spotting got a lot more interesting later. I’d seen Giuliani at the Trump Hotel D.C. earlier that same weekend, but not with the Romanian prime minister. We already knew that Giuliani had reached out to Romania’s president “about continuing damage to the rule of law” in the country, so there was reason to think at the time that the two would know each other. But a Giuliani spokesperson didn’t respond to my inquiry asking if he had met with Dancila.

But later that same week, Giuliani tweeted a photo of himself dining in the hotel’s steakhouse with other members of Trump’s “All Star legal team.” There, seated at an adjacent table, within arm’s reach of the president’s attorney, was Romania’s prime minister. It was just her rear profile, though; if I hadn’t seen her hairstyle and outfit in person that same evening, I would not have recognized her. (Giuliani has since implied in an interview that Romania is connected to his efforts regarding former Vice President Joe Biden and “corruption.”) Later, an Instagram post theWall Street Journaluncovered showed that Lev Parnas, Giuliani’s associate who was recently arrested on campaign finance violations, was there that night, too.

Scoping out social media also allows me to report immediately on what’s happening at the hotel that’s not often available through other channels. Even if he wins a second term, Trump probably will be out of office before all my Freedom of Information Act requests regarding government officials’ visits are answered. Campaigns and committees sometimes don’t report a disbursement at the hotel to the Federal Election Commission until months after the event—and they don’t provide any insight into who attended. For instance, while a tip helped theWashington Postexpose the extent of T-Mobile’s Trump Hotel D.C. patronage in the eight months following its unveiling of controversial plans to merge with Sprint, a Facebook post the day after the announcement gave an immediate glimpse of CEO John Legere’s strategy for winning administration approval: frequent and highly visible trips to the Trump hotel in Washington.

The profits from foreign governments are especially opaque.

All told, officials from at least 29 different foreign countries have stopped by or stayed at the U.S. president’s D.C. hotel since opening, a number I arrived at through my reporting combined with that of other outlets. And the money coming from those guests is a lot harder to track than the money coming from U.S. lawmakers.

Between my and others’ reporting on the peculiar-to-this-administration reporting, we know Trump’s D.C. hotel has already hosted government officials from at least three G7 countries. Ontario Premier Doug Ford lunched there last September at the invitation of Kelly Craft, then U.S. ambassador to Canada and currently the U.S. ambassador to the United Nations. Not only was Brexit Party leader Nigel Farage’s patronage of the Trump Hotel cited in a 2018 emoluments suit—for diverting business from a Maryland hotel and toward one owned by the president—but he also served as a featured attraction for 800 hotel customers at a Turning Point USA gala this year. In January, Italy’s deputy minister for foreign affairs, Guglielmo Picchi, met at the Trump Hotel with two senior officials in the president’s shadow cabinet: Lewandowski and Giuliani.

And while no Japanese officials have been spotted at the Trump Hotel D.C. (yet), Prime Minister Shinzo Abe might one day have a sand trap on a Trump golf course named after him: The prime minister has visited at least five different Trump properties since their owner’s election.

Nigerian dignitaries are such fans of the place that it wouldn’t be a surprise to learn a Trump Hotel Lagos was in the pipeline. And sometimes they come for reasons related to politics back home more than Trump’s approval. The Trump Hotel D.C. seemed like a swing state last year when—a month before Nigeria’s presidential election—the main opposition candidate, the scandal-plagued former vice president Atiku Abubakar, entered the lobby with an entourage of Nigerian lawmakers and supporters posting videos of his every move. At the same time, and apparently coincidentally, another longshot presidential candidate was also bunking at the U.S. president’s hotel. The U.S. State Department’s willingness to allow Abubakar to even enter the United States was an election issue. He may not have been able to land an audience with Trump, but a town hall he held for Nigerian immigrants in the United States in Trump’s hotel and streamed for voters back home was intended to make him look more legitimate and help his election chances. (It didn’t work—he later lost.)

Whatever a foreign official’s reasons are for visiting the Trump Hotel D.C., the president gets paid—but we don’t really know how much. While the Trump Organization has donated more than $340,000 to the U.S. Treasury, which it says are its profits from foreign governments for 2017 and 2018, the organization won’t disclose the governments themselves or if the figure has been independently audited. But there are two big reasons to be skeptical of that number. The Trump Organization relies on the foreign government official to self-report to the hotel, and all of us rely on the Trump Organization to calculate profit per hotel room correctly.

More than half of Republican senators have visited or spent campaign or committee funds there.

The Nigerians, of course, may have just taken their cues from Trump’s Cabinet: By my count, 25 of the 33 different officials who have served in it have dropped in on Trump Hotel, D.C., often to headline events for their boss’ paying customers. It can only help in a world where a humiliating termination is just a tweet away.

Lawmakers do the same. FEC filings and social media posts combine to show that 28 of the 53 Republicans in the Senate have visited the Trump Hotel D.C. or spent campaign or committee funds there. So have seven of the 17 GOP members on the House Judiciary panel and six of the 17 GOP members on the House Oversight Committee.

Minority Leader Kevin McCarthy’s (R–Calif.) is the top spender at the hotel of any member of Congress, according to FEC filings.Photos of him on social media provide only glimpses of what he’s up to there, like smiling in the lobby with a supporter, speaking in a private room behind a Trump Hotels lectern and posing during his PAC’s Trump inauguration party with a Ukrainian billionaire and parliamentarian (as one does). Altogether, the leader’s campaign, joint-fundraising committees and PAC have spent more than $245,000 at Trump properties since the 2016 election, mostlyon catering and facility rentals. It appears to have paid off: Trump has repeatedly endorsed him for speaker.

Rep. Jim Jordan’s (R–Ohio) campaign has spent more than $22,000 at the hotel. He went a step further than just spending there when he wrote to the General Services Administration, the D.C. hotel’s landlord, criticizing an inspector general’s report that said the agency ignored the Constitution when allowing Trump to keep the lease upon assuming office. So when the president commented, “Thank you Jim!” while retweeting Jordan last month, you had to wonder if it was for more than just the lawmaker’s attack on the impeachment proceedings.

Despite everything I’ve learned, there are personal drawbacks to this kind of reporting—and no, being blocked on Twitter by Eric Trump is not among them. False accusations of doxing by Trump supporters are a common nuisance. (The information I publish is almost always culled from what these hotel guests chose to share publicly, and never includes a home address.)The project also has zapped whatever joy and personal utility I got out of social media. And it does seem a bit hypocritical that, like the president, I too am benefiting from his ownership of the hotel—for example, with this assignment.

Then there’s the matter of the $3,000 or so I’ve spent at the president’s business, mostly media outlets’ money, but some of it my own. It’s easy to justify those expenses, though. Through the customers I’ve spotted at the Trump Hotel D.C.—and a whole bunch of patrons whose identities will never be public—the U.S. president reported $81 million in revenue for 2017 and 2018. Even if the hotel changes hands sometime soon, that’s still a pretty good haul for half a presidential term.

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[ryanirv]

The Adjacent Possible

The Adjacent Possible is basically like referencing, you look at something that is beside your problem, take the ideas on board, learn from it 

“The adjacent possible is a kind of shadow future, hovering on the edges of the present state of things, a map of all the ways in which the present can reinvent itself…[the adjacent possible] captures both the limits and the creative potential of change and innovation.”— Steven Johnson

Steven Johnson uses previous innovations to back up his points, such as;

Charles Darwin and Alfred Russel Wallace both posited similar views on natural selection and evolution

Charles Cros and Louis Ducos du Hauron both “invented” colour photography

Guglielmo Marconi and Nikola Tesla both “invented” radio

[creativecraig]

The Adjacent Possible

ezoTaken from Steven Johnson’s, Where Good Ideas Come From:The Natural History of Innovation, Steven explains why most innovations are a natural consequence or evolution of current existing innovations combined with a new interesting way. 

“The adjacent possible is a kind of shadow future, hovering on the edges of the present state of things, a map of all the ways in which the present can reinvent itself…[the adjacent possible] captures both the limits and the creative potential of change and innovation.”— Steven Johnson

To sum up what exactly Steven believes the adjacent possible is, it is the ability to rethink what we currently have and reinvent the product, service, or other to a brand new dimension, way of think and usage.

Steven also believes that innovations can occur in a sort of simultaneously timing across the entire world, he uses previous innovations to back up his points, such as;

Charles Darwin and Alfred Russel Wallace both posited similar views on natural selection and evolution

Charles Cros and Louis Ducos du Hauron both “invented” color photography

Guglielmo Marconi and Nikola Tesla both “invented” radio

Amazon and the Belgium Beer

In a ted talk, Jeff Bezos talk about how he visited a belgium beer company that had been going since the 1800′s. When taking the tour the guide shown and explained a power generator which was used from the early days of the company. He explained that the generator was self ran by the company as there was no electric grid system in europe at the time.

Bezo then came to the conclusion that applies not just to breweries but any type of innovation in that if you take away the distraught of making electricity and focused on what their core goal and objective was the outcome would reflect that.

This conclusion lead to Jeff Bezos launching the Amazon Web Services. Bezos combined the existing use of books and his innovation of combining it with the web resulted in a what he originally know Amazon for, an online book e-commerce website. This showed that Bezos took an existing idea and rethink the way in which it is used therefore achieving the adjacent possible.