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#“CUB campus facilities”
digital-techtune2024 · 5 months
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https://www.cub.edu.bd/
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I was reminded by a reply that I should probably emphasize this: the Big Cat Public Safety Act literally has an exemption specifically for state colleges and universities. Why? Because there’s two schools with live mascots who live in habitats on campus, and their representatives absolutely would not have supported the bill if it had taken away their college’s cats.
Meet Mike VII at Louisiana State University:
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And Leo III at the University of North Alabama:
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(Leo III’s mate, Una, passed away a few years ago).
It’s tradition for these schools to have a live mascot, so the bill that *checks notes* is meant to end unethical commercial of big cats had to ensure that they’d still be allowed to have a big cat living next to their stadiums. Luckily neither school takes their mascots to the sidelines of football games anymore, but LSU actually only just stopped that practice in 2017.
These mascot cats have consistently been part of the commercial trade in big cats, although it’s unclear if they will continue to be (even though it’s still legal for these schools to buy their next mascot). Una and Leo III came from a wildlife park in New Hampshire as young cubs, and Mike VII is ostensibly a rescue but the story of the facility he came from doesn’t quite pass the smell test.
Here’s the wild thing. Under the new law, right, most entities that want to keep big cats - like sanctuaries and zoos - have to follow certain rules regarding fencing and breeding restrictions and preventing public contact in order to be allowed to do so. But state schools? Nada. They can buy, sell, and breed without any limits. They could, quite literally, run a tiger puppy-mill or start a cub petting franchise across multiple state universities and it wouldn’t be illegal. Obviously that’s a worst case scenario that’s super unlikely, but it goes to show just how odd it is that these entities have a totally unrestricted exemption. Credible zoological facilities and sanctuaries have to comply with much stricter regulations to prove they’re not exploiting the cats in their care, but for the sake of football, state colleges and universities can do whatever they want!! (sigh). It’s amazing how really specific political interests, such as the culture around football mascots, can result in carve-outs in even bills promoted specifically to create consistent regulations for animal welfare.
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duhocicc · 5 months
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Let me say about Hanbat Fitness Center (Hanbat National university)
Hanbat Fitness Center
By Park Seok-joo Cub Reporter, Sophomore of Architecture
Staying physically fit is crucial for academic success, yet accessing sports facilities can be challenging for many students. That's where the Hanbat Fitness Center comes in, offering better cost-efficiency and accessibility to cater to students' needs.
Facility Overview
Operated by HBNU's Culture and Sports Department, the Hanbat Fitness Center is dedicated to promoting a healthy campus lifestyle for both students and faculty. Conveniently located in S7 (B1 101), the center is easily accessible to all university members. It boasts separate men's and women's locker rooms with shower facilities, along with dedicated zones for stretching, aerobic exercises, and anaerobic workouts. To enhance the workout experience, students can freely utilize tops, towels, and borrow exercise aids like foam rollers, resistance bands, and weightlifting belts. Additionally, a water purifier is available for easy hydration during workouts.
Registration and Service Hours
With a reasonable price tag of 30,000 won per quarter (3 months), students can register during the application period, typically spanning the first two weeks of each quarter. After a simple application process at the center, they gain access to its facilities. Since March 2023, the center has extended its morning opening hours by 30 minutes, allowing students more flexibility in their workout schedules. Currently, the center operates from 9:30 AM to 12:00 PM and from 1:00 PM to 8:30 PM, Monday through Friday, with a break from 12:00 PM to 1:00 PM. It remains closed on weekends.
Prioritize Your Health
Health is invaluable, and investing in it is a wise decision. By taking an active interest in and making use of the Hanbat Fitness Center, students can lead healthier and more balanced campus lives. So, why not prioritize your well-being and make the most of this excellent facility?
HBNU Information detail in Link: https://duhocicc.edu.vn/truong-dai-hoc-quoc-gia-hanbat-top-5-ve-ky-thuat/
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ledenews · 10 months
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Mike Rooney Announced as Keynote Speaker for WLU Baseball Leadoff Dinner
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WLU Baseball Head Coach Eric Burkle has announced that lead ESPN College Baseball Analyst Mike Rooney will provide the keynote address for the Hilltoppers’ 2024 Leadoff Dinner on February 10, 2024. Rooney has been a familiar face on the college baseball scene for years. He starred for current Milwaukee Brewers manager Pat Murphy from 1988-92 at Notre Dame, where he was teammates with current Chicago Cubs field boss Craig Counsell, and also coached at Arizona State from 1999 to 2004. He helped coach and develop a total of 19 players who made it to Major League Baseball, including such All-Stars as Dustin Pedroia and Andre Ethier. Rooney has worked as ESPN’s lead college baseball analyst since 2009 and is often referred to as the “voice of college baseball.” “The return of our Leadoff Dinner is huge for our program,” said Burkle, who heads into his 12th season at the Hilltopper helm having averaged more than 20 wins a season throughout his tenure. “Not only are we showcasing an outstanding and nationally known speaker in Mike Rooney, but we’re also putting the Belmont Savings Bank Practice Facility in the spotlight for our alumni, friends, and most of all recruits. We have outstanding facilities at West Liberty and this is a great opportunity to show them off.” The Leadoff dinner will be held inside the Hilltoppers’ 144,000-square foot Belmont Savings Bank Practice Facility on the WLU campus beginning at 6:30 pm on February 10.  In addition to Rooney’s address, the event will feature a catered meal by Aladdin Food Services, a video presentation introducing the 2024 Hilltopper baseball team, and a post-dinner “Night at the Races.” Tickets for the event are priced at $75 per person, which includes the catered meal along with three drink tickets. Additional drink tickets will be available for purchase. Proceeds from the event will be directed to the WLU Baseball Fund in the West Liberty University Foundation which supports the baseball program through upgrades for equipment, the purchase of uniforms and other team needs, and continuing improvements to Kovalick Field. To purchase event tickets or sponsor the event, visit: https://wlufoundation.org/wlubaseball For additional information or to purchase horses for the “Night at the Races” event, contact Coach Burkle by email at [email protected] or by phone: (304) 639-5989. Read the full article
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sharath14 · 2 years
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Schools near btm layout, what are the best schools near btm layout,Bangalore
When it comes to schools near btm layout ,Bangalore there are many schools in that i have picked one  of the best school, I selected based on the good environment of the school and the one which is offering excellent education, after-school activity, Affordable fees and school having good security towards children keeping all these in mind, i have selected the one of my favorite school let’s discuss below about that.
Harvest international school - Yes i am choosing the harvest international school. According to my opinion it deserves the 1st position this is not only my thoughts even my friends, families and colleagues have same opinion, their children’s also studying in harvest only. Even in Google also their ratings and reviews are excellent they rated as 5 stars. When it comes to schools near btm layout harvest is top notch in my opinion, for this i have reasons why it’s best let’s discuss everything below.
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They are very standard with:
200+ experienced teachers
2000+ students enrolled
01:10 teacher student ratio
They have 5 institutes in bangalore
They give equal importance to extracurricular activities.They offer a variety of Sports, Music, Dance, Cubs & Bulbuls and after school club activities.
They conduct 2 parents' meetings in a year. However, parents can take an appointment to meet with the respective teacher during the course of the year.
Their Montessori to Grade 3 classes will not have more than 28 students per class and classes upwards will not have more than 30 students per class.
They have CCTV cameras fitted across the school and a team for surveillance. The perimeters of the school are guarded by well-trained guards. As for the wellbeing of our students and staff, we have a fully equipped infirmary with qualified nurses. schools near btm layout will not provide these types of standards.
Their mission towards academics:
The mission of the harvest school is to provide a child- friendly environment for the overall well-being of the students.
Harvest International School strives at creating moral, social and physical values,spiritual and intellectual, in each of the students.
They come up with innovative teaching with best strategies and methodologies, enabling their students to gain deeper and practical knowledge for the real world.
They are good in experiential learning, smart classrooms, collaborative learning, variety of co-scholastics.high end lab facilities,college counseling, custom made life skills curriculum, Inquiry based instruction and provides a safe space for learning. According to me schools near btm layout don't have these types of vision towards their children.
Facilities they are providing for every children: 
well - planned classrooms, sports, library, well-equipped for physics, chemistry, biology and mathematics, transport facilities, wi-fi enabled campus, high security, activity center, music,art,dance studios, state of the art auditorium, cafeteria with vegetarian food, affiliated to CBSE and IGCSE,(AS and A levels) of CIE for grades 1-9, specially designed equipments for kids, separate computer labs for juniors and seniors, indoor sports stadium, basketball courts, tennis courts and other indoor games, multimedia equipment, interactive boards, LCD projects, tie-up with educomp, imported furniture which are ergonomically designed, outdoor sports stadiums. schools near btm layout don't have facilities like this.
Harvest building 21st century skills towards their children to shape their future let’s discuss every thing below:
Critical thinking, Creativity and innovation, Communication, Collaboration, Technology literacy, Information literacy, Media literacy, Flexibility and adaptability, Leadership and responsibility, Initiative and self  direction, Productivity and Accountability, Social and cross cultural interaction. You will not find these types of skills in schools near btm layout.
Information about classes:
Harvest school has Primary, Secondary and Senior secondary level (11th and 12th) near btm layout and also they have schools cherubs montessori also. Harvest international schools near btm layout offers the curriculum of the central board of secondary education (CBSE) New Delhi. In harvest the students will get prepared and they are trained to excel both in the All-India secondary school examinations (AISSE) and the all India Senior school certificate examinations (AISSCE).
Harvest international schools near btm layout offers the Science, Commerce and Humanities they have a choice of  plethora. The harvest school is not only limited to textbook learning, Their experiential curriculum provides hands-on learning, it imparts macro concepts and encourages free expression of self and develops creative and critical thinking. The teaching and learning method is very interactive. This is introduced in CBSE schools near btm layout has elevated our standard of learning.
Harvest school offers the in-house built curriculum basically that combines IB teaching methods with ICSE curriculum. On applying this for students will get good educational experience. In schools near btm layout, except Harvest school no school will give you IB teaching.
Other informations:
In harvest school inside the classroom and  outside of the classrooms, skilled and experienced professionals will serve as a mentor and advisor. In harvest school the research and development team is constantly monitoring the  most recent developments in teaching and education, it basically improves themselves. I suggest schools near btm layout should apply these things.
Conclusion:
In my opinion schools near btm layout, will not give this much of facilities to the children. Keeping all this in mind I selected the harvest international school.
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mintchoccy · 2 years
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(CHAE-0423—I Was Gangbanged By Three Yandere Nympho Ladies, No Amount Of Cum Can Satisfy Them! Passing Out Is Inevitable!)
first of all, happy happy birthday to Twice's little cubby savage, Son Chaeyoung! have a day and stay cute and hot for us hehehehe, okay let's begin! but last of all, with the Son, we have the Park, and the Lee to join our cub for a Fearsome Foursome experience.
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Day 1 - 0800 HH (UNIVERSITY OF OREGON SPORTS COMPLEX)
tied. where the hell am I? please tell me you're joking. I am tied in a basketball court. but why? did I make something wrong to any people here in the campus? fuck, the ropes are too hard to untangled, and is this the old basketball court? fuck, the smell is bad in here. the chairs and the court itself is gone, it's all the hardwood and the spotlight above me. I need to do something, or else, I wouldn't be alive after this.
"did you say 'you will not make it alive after this'? FYI sweetie, there is no way out from this pleasure avenue." you see Rosé with Chaeyoung, and another Chaeyoung? wait, who the hell are they? where did they come from? I didn't know there are 3 girls of the same name fall in love with me. is this maybe coincidence, but my guts are telling me to resist the chance to fall into their trap. "no, no baby. don't try to emancipate from us, or suffer the consequences." one Chaeyoung tells me, as I tried to break free from the ropes. "you know, you are really handsome up close. we have enough looking at you from upclose, and now here we are." Chaeyoung, maybe the Son one, is seizing the moment as I kept my head down from this abomination. "girls, we need to leave now, maybe our friends are finding us maybe, let's continue this tomorrow. and for you, don't you ever try to escape from us, you will be in deep trouble", Rosé, who I know for her last name, Park, told the girls. then they close the gaps, and kiss all over my face. "we love you, sweetie!", they happily said. and with that, they leave the court with you all alone.
"fuck, I need to get the hell outta here. those girls are the death of me." you pull out a knife, easily slicing down the ropes, and finally free from the confinements of the Chaeyoungs. sneakily, I hastily run to my dorm, locking everything from my door and to my windows closed. I have no idea what will my coach will tell me if he'll hear my problem about this 3 girls running over me.
DAY 2 - 1300 HH (DUCKS FOOTBALL FACILITY)
it's been more than 24 hours since I escape from them, and now I entered the training field, with no one? "coach?", I screamed. "damn, everyone's out? did coach said that I need to report to him here?" a figure then started to come out from the door as you walked to the center field to take conditioning.
"well well well, isn't our pet didn't have enough to leave his owners and leave to the place we must kept you?" the younger Chaeyoung steps out from the dark, revealing a green Victorian-era dress, with gloves in her hands. "Lee, why do you even join them? you know they are my bullies, and then, why you leave me all of the sudden?" you asked her as she walks closer to you.
Lee Chaeyoung, or Chaeng-ramji, as for "squirrel", is one of my first friends upon entering the school. and for me, I was a walked-on student, hoping to enter the football program, and gain scholarship for myself. however, Park Chaeyoung, or Rosé, as many people called her, and Son Chaeyoung, or Chae, are the queen bees of the school. They tend to bully everyone to their gain. but, for men. they respected women as they should, fighting someone who take advantage to them. as for men, they gave absolutely no mercy. punishments left and right, and hell men are forced to attend subjects naked as part of their punishment.
but one time, Lee decided to end our friendship with no reasons. that left me sad and brokenhearted. I once love her as a friend, and also as a lover. I tried to move on, and I'm proudly to say, I really like the bond of this football team give to me. when I was successfully granted a scholarship, we all went to a restaurant. but while we are celebrating, I feel something's watching at me and I felt uncomfortable.
"come on sweetie, just come here, there will be no harms intended", Lee assures, but as the moment you are walking away from her, Rosé and Chae started to run to you, and you run too, as far as possible, leaving your bag in the hands of the Chaes. however, Rosé and Chae outsmarted you as they both flanked you in the corner, pricking your neck to sleep. and then the sadistic laugh began to cover the hallway. the mission has been done successfully. and now, you are in the bed, naked and vulnerable.
DAY 3 - 1005 HH (UNKNOWN LOCATION)
"fuck, your cock is really good"
"unnie! it's my turn! don't be selfish!"
"yeah yeah, here you go"
the voices, why I'm bounded? where am I? why I hear nothing but their moans? I opened my eyes to see the three of them, in front of me, worshipping my cock like I'm a god, ready to be pleasured. I hold my moans to let them know I am not letting myself to be submitted under them. but why is this the feeling, Rosé and Chae are sucking my head like a pro, then Lee eating my ass out? god please help me not to get submitted to these three demons. what have I done to give this punishment? please, please, stop this. tears started to fall off to the side of my face, the resistance and the pain of not letting a single moan out of my mouth, it's painful.
not satisfied by my resistance, Lee, my very best friend, rides my face out of the blue. why is she doing this? is she clouded by her new found friends to do this? please Lee, I know you love me, please don't do this. and black I see, her fluids seeping to my face, as she ride my face in pleasure. no choice, I stick up tongue inside her, making her face satisfied with pleasure. "oh fuck yes yes yes, eat my fucking ass out! I always fantasize this moment baby, stick up your tongue like that, and make me fucking cum!" she is not the Lee Chaeyoung that I knew in the first day of college. she regressed into a worst, lust-driven nymph everyone wanted to fuck with.
as Lee is enjoying the facefuck of her life, Chae decided to ride my cock deep into her pussy. god, is this what pussies in real life feels like? so fucking tight, why I feel choked, god fucking hell, CHAE PLEASE DON'T STOP RIDING ME! I CAN'T TAKE IT ANYMORE! and I started to thrust inside her, meeting her hips. Chae really fucks my cock so well, I might cum inside her in no time. "fuck me baby, I'm gonna cum, I'm gonna cum, I'M GONNA CUM! BAAAAAAAAAABY!" and with that, Chaeyoung cums hard, and I cummed inside her as well. shit her pussy chokes me so hard, I can't take it anymore. then Rosé comes out of nowhere and sips out the cum leaking out in both of Chae's and my cock spilling out of my cock.
now it's Rosé's turn to ride my face. Lee ejects from my face to suck my limped cock back to life, and then Chae asked Rosé to eat her pussy full of our mixed cum. Lee's tongue was so good, better than the other Chaes who sucked my cock earlier. again, another wet darkness engulfs my vision, and her slender thighs do the work. she buckily rides my face like a cowgirl, while eating Chaeyoung's petite pussy. while the two of them are eating out, Lee then rides my dick, happily receiving my length inside her juicy vagina. honestly, Lee outscored Chae in every categories: tightness and gentleness when it comes to fucking. I can't believe my best friend is taking my cock deep inside her pussy, and as she thrust up and down, the muscle is too much to hold. squeezing my cock, Lee ensures that she will get my cum inside of her womb, and aggressively rides my cock more and more.
honestly, the foursome experience was the hardest times I've ever been with a group of girls. I can't believe that the 3 of them conspired to kidnap, and be their owners. heck I even take a knee and eat their pussies out one by one, until they are in a mess.
now, back to the session. Lee then harshly ride my dick as she feel her orgasm nearing and my balls started to blast for another time. "give it in, give it in, give it in, fuck me baby, cum on MEEEEEEEEE!" and with that, we both cummed hard, filling her to the brim. then Rosé, seeing the opportunity, assists Lee to the bed, and then swallowed my whole cock, making it hard again, and again. the pain is multiplied by fourfold, and the pleasure is yet to come for another time.
Park Chaeyoung is now the last Chae to ride my cock. my throbbing, flaming hot cock enters another pussy in 4 hours. I don't know how much am I chained in this bed, but the direct sunlight is giving me clear image of the tree of them. the older Chaeyoung and her slender hips, the cub and her thicc petite thighs, and the younger Chaeyoung and her perky tits. as Rosé rides my cock for the first time, she can't help but to ravage it like an animal, making me dead crazy. how can the Aussie girl is making this moves? did she made it once back in Australia? fuck, I can feel her cum to booze, but not just different type of cum, but she squirted hard. "ahhhhhhhhhhhhhh, ahhhhhhh, fuck, fuck, fuck", and then she put my cock inside her, riding it like a pro. under 10 minutes, she cummed hard as well, REALLY HARD THAN HER QUIRT. she then bucked me up way too fast, making me cum as well. fuck, are they too fucking thirsty for my cum inside their pussies?
I then feel 3 pairs of hands jerking my already hurt, red and painfully erected cock, jerking it fast. "will you cum baby?", asked the younger Chaeyoung, "let it all out, I know you have left in the tank", the cub sultry added. "come on, give it to us", the older commanded. and with that, you cummed hard, for the last time. cum were flying everywhere, fulfilling the girls' needs. licking the remains, the girls finished the session, and then walked out of the room, leaving you passed out in heavy pleasure.
"there there sweetie, don't think even leaving us again. we own you now, and we will not hesitate to do worse than this", the cub whispered you as she return to you, speaking those words. "yeah, I will not leave on their sight, even it means I will transfer to another school" ,you replied.
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papermoonloveslucy · 4 years
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THREE LITTLE PIGSKINS
 December 8, 1934
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Three Little Pigskins is a 1934 Columbia Pictures short subject directed by Raymond McCarey and starring slapstick comedy team The Three Stooges. It is the fourth entry in the series starring the comedians, who released 190 short films for the studio between 1934 and 1959.
Synopsis ~ Moe, Larry and Curly are hired to promote a university football team. They're soon mistaken for the school's famous star athletes, "The Three Horsemen." As the star athletes, they are hired by a gangster to secretly play on his professional team, but of course the boys know nothing about football.
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PRINCIPAL CAST
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The Three Stooges were an American vaudeville and comedy team active from 1922 until 1970. Their hallmark was physical farce and slapstick. Six Stooges appeared over the act's run with only three active at any given time. In this film they are: 
Moe Howard (Moe) born Moses Horwitz in 1897. Died 1975. 
Larry Fine (Larry) born Larry Feinberg in 1902. Died 1975. 
Curly Howard (Curly) born Jerome Horwitz in 1903, Moe’s younger brother. Died in 1952. 
This short film is the only time the three worked with Lucille Ball. 
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Lucille Ball (Daisy Simms). This is Ball’s 17th film to be released since 1933. It is her 13th in 1934 alone. 
Gertie Green (Lulu Banks) makes the third of her four screen appearances.
Phyllis Crane (Molly Gray) was also seen with Lucille Ball in Broadway Bill and Men of the Night, both in 1934. 
UNCREDITED CAST (in alphabetical order)
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Harry Bowen (Boulder Dam PR Man) also appeared with Lucille Ball in The Whole Town’s Talking (1935) and Dummy Ache (1936). 
Lynton Brent (1st Man Panhandled by Moe) appeared with Lucille Ball in seven other films between 1934 and 1939. 
Bobby Burns (Man Panhandled by Larry) also appeared with Lucille Ball and Harry Bowen in Dummy Ache (1936). 
Charles Dorety (2nd Photographer) also appeared with Lucille Ball in His Old Flame (1935). 
Milton Douglas (Henchman) makes his only appearance with Lucille Ball. 
Oscar ‘Dutch’ Hendrian (Referee) did five other films with Lucille Ball between 1934 and 1935. 
William J. Irving (1st Photographer) did five other films with Lucille Ball between 1933 and 1935.
Johnny Kascier (Man Panhandled by Curly) makes his only appearance with Lucille Ball.
Walter Long (Joe Stacks) also appeared with Lucille Ball in The Whole Town’s Talking (1935).
Roger Moore (Pete, Joe’s Henchman) also appeared with Lucille Ball in Meet the People (1944) and The Fuller Brush Girl (1950). 
The role of Joe is sometimes attributed to Joseph Young.
Jimmy Phillips (2nd Man Panhandled by Moe) also appeared with Lucille Ball in The Whole Town’s Talking (1935)
Larry Wheat (3rd Man Panhandled by Moe) appeared with Lucille Ball in Thousands Cheer (1943).
PIGSKIN TRIVIA
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Three Little Pigskins was filmed from October 25 to 30, 1934 in and around Los Angeles.    
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The film's title is a multiple pun, derived from the children’s nursery rhyme the Three Little Pigs, along with ‘pigskin’ being a synonym for a football. 
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In 1924, Mermaid Comedies produced Pigskin, starring silent comedy short starring Lige Conley. 
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In 1936 a film titled Pigskin Parade premiered earning its leading man an Oscar nomination. 
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The second half of the film was shot at Gilmore Stadium, and its name on the scoreboard appears in several shots. The Los Angeles stadium was newly built in 1934 and had a seating capacity of 18,000. The football team the Stooges play against was from Loyola Marymount University, a regular tenant of Gilmore Stadium. 
The Cubs on the scoreboard refers to the Westwood Cubs, who had played at the stadium on the October 28, 1934. The Tigers refers to the Occidental Tigers, a college team from Los Angeles.  Neither team appears in the film. 
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Coincidentally, the stadium was demolished in 1952 to make way for CBS Television City, a production facility that was opened by Lucille Ball as the network’s reigning star, although “I Love Lucy” never filmed there. One of their major tenants was the Hollywood Stars Baseball team, which Fred Mertz mentions during “In Palm Springs” (ILL S4;E26) in March 1955. 
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There is also a shot that includes a billboard for Gilmore Oil, including its trademark symbol, a red lion. The Gilmore Oil Company was an independent oil company in California founded by Arthur Fremont Gilmore, whom the stadium was named for. At its peak, they operated over three thousand gas stations on the West Coast. In the 1940s, the company was acquired and then merged into a group which eventually became Mobil.
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The address 6317 Yucca Street on the poster behind Curly and Moe was the actual location of filming. Coincidentally, it  is about a quarter mile from the Stooges’ Star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame. the location is now the Los Angeles campus of The American Musical and Dramatic Academy (AMDA).
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Boulder Dam College is a fictional school. Boulder Dam is located in Clark County, Nevada and was under construction at the time of filming. It named Boulder Dam in 1933 and dedicated in 1935 and opened in 1936. It was renamed Hoover Dam in 1946. 
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Beyond the stadium can be glimpsed the Fairfax Theatre sign. The Fairfax Theatre opened in 1930 as part of a larger retail complex.  The theatre was ‘triplexed’ in the 1980s but closed for good in 2010 after roof damage from heavy rains. The owner was unwilling to make repairs although the façade still remains.  
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Later in her career, Lucille Ball (apparently referring to the seltzer squirting scene) would remark, 
"The only thing I learned from The Three Stooges was how to duck. I still got wet!"
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While Lucille Ball was filming Three Little Pigskins, The Affairs of Cellini, in which she played an uncredited lady in waiting, was in wide release, having premiered in late August 1934. 
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Moe Howard once called Three Little Pigskins "a humdinger of bangs and bruises," as it marked the first time the Stooges flatly refused to perform a stunt. In the film, during the game the boys are stopped by photographers to pose for a picture, when the football players then tackle them. The team consisted of genuine college football players, and the Stooges were afraid of being hurt. Larry Fine, the smallest and lightest of the three, told director Raymond McCarey, “We've never used stunt doubles before but we certainly need them now." 
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The fact that both Curly and Larry had been hurt a few days earlier (Curly broke his leg riding down the dumbwaiter and Larry lost a tooth due to a mistimed punch) reinforced the trio's decision to opt out of the scene. Less than an hour after the exchange, the studio found three stunt doubles made up to look like the Stooges. Two of the three were seriously injured as were all four photographers.
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A planned concluding scene had the Stooges, years later, telling the story to their sons. It is unknown if this scene was ever filmed, but publicity photos exist of the Stooges, each with a young actor, all made up and dressed to resemble their older counterparts.
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In 1996, Exclusive Premiere created limited edition action figures of the Stooges in costumes from the film. 
PIGSKIN PROGRESS
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As a young model and actress, Lucille Ball didn’t just take film jobs. Here she poses with Billie Seward at Bovard Field in Los Angeles.
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In 1949, Lucille Ball and Victor Mature starred in a film about a professional football player, Easy Living.
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Ball’s radio show “My Favorite Husband” tackled gridiron gimmickry in 1950. 
For a further look at Lucy and the Gridiron, click here!  
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eliphante123 · 5 years
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Taniya the lion (remake)
Just a small changes about her cuz when I look it again, her story sounds a bit odd so I added few more details to make it more interesting~
Name: Taniya Kalisha
Nicknames: Ta-chan (Ace, Trey, Cater, Kalim, and everyone), Ta-nyah (Floyd), Tanee-san (Ortho), little cub (Leona), shibi (dorm mates)
Age: 17
Gender: Female
Race: Lion
Height: 5 ft 1
College: Night Raven College
Dorm: Savanaclaw
Year: 2nd
Job: dorm assistant & peacemaker (dorm mates)
Family:
Father
Mother (decease)
Uncle
Aunt
3 cousins (future oc’s)
Quote: a dream doesn’t become reality through magic; it takes sweat, determination and hard work
Goals: strong, happiness, going back home and become a greatest sorceress
Personality: She is caring and hardworking person who likes to learn more about spells, helping the students who are in trouble, and opens up to every old/new students of making new friends. She used to be gloomy and intimidated lion and gets really nervous of talking to people but after staying at Night Raven College for a while, she's confident and honest with her words. She’s not like the rest of savanaclaw students that supposably hot-headed, rowdy, and hooligan of wanting a fight with other students, she is consider to be calm or more like a peacemaker to them but she can be a bit hot-tempered, too if they try anything to pissed her off. When it comes to work of being savanaclaw’s dorm assistant, she’s very serious about her job and wanted to get her work done, perfectly by writing a to-do list on her notebook of everything she has to do (tasks, attendance, errands, keeping savanaclaw dorm from chaos, organize/fixing the facilities from damage, checking out the students) before going back to her studies or spending her free time in her dorm room. Taniya has a phobia of flying, which brings her to be a scaredy cat of attending flying class by skipping class or running away even when her classmates, including Ashton, tried to drag her out from her room. Although, she may have a weakness, as well. When something happens that reminds her of the past, she fell into a mental breakdown by mumbling of how sorry she is for being alive in the first place that she would gladly die for them. After the horrible trauma she has, she turn to her normal self and tells them to forget what they've seen in her by reassuring that it was just an act. Whenever she felt hungry as a lion as always, she goes fully hyped of wanting to eat and with that kind of energy, she always get easily fooled by her classmates pranks. Being small brings her to feel very insecure of herself and wishes that she could be taller than among the students. Everyone thought that she’s a child or a freshman despite that she’s actually 2nd year. If anyone made fun of her height, they'll feel a dark aura with a sinister smile on her face and threatens them of scratching their faces or bite their arms and legs off with her pointy buck tooth. She won't hesitate unless one of them has to apologies for making up stupid jokes about her height. No matter how small her height is, she acts like a responsible student to the teachers and treated her kouhai’s like a height riva-I mean little siblings.
Likes: MEAT!!! ALL KINDS OF MEAT, desserts, peace, magic, animals, outside, adventure, strolling/running around the campus, mostro lounge, jokes, good grades, break, getting the work done, studying, friends and helping others
Dislikes: fish, calling short, failing, get into fights, flying (especially with brooms and magic carpet), her dorm mates, Leona, Octavinelle (mostly Floyd), teasing, losing someone dear, mess, and evil magic
Favorite color: yellow, green, and blue
Hobbies: running, reading, sports, magic, cleaning, and parkour
Skills/Abilities: martial arts, potion making, levitation, acting, sense of hearing, casting spells, communicating with animals, strength and speed
Facts:
She’s anxious of making new friends and thinking that everyone aren’t interested of her
Doesn’t like being called short
Works with Leona & Ruggie as their dorm assistant on helping out their CHAOTIC dormitory. She has tons of idea's for making everyone at savanaclaw to stop fighting by having a conversation about their problems (though they don’t want to talk about it but she persistently did). When she sees anyone getting hurt from lots of bruises, she quickly drags them to the infirmary and treat them with aid (lecturing them at the end). She doesn’t mind helping the people she hate as long as preventing her dorm mates from hurting others & themselves. When there’s a fight going on, she rushes between two or more oppressor to break off their feuds and scolds them for fighting without a reason. Her dorm mates finds her very annoying and persistent for acting like a peacemaker but if it weren’t for her, there wouldn’t be a problem at their dorm.
Likes to run around high buildings or do parkour without being noticed (except Ruggie he knows).
She would do anything to avoid Ashton’s class by making up lots of excuses or shut herself in her room until it ends even it means failing her grades.
Just like Ruggie’s gluttton of food, her favorite is meat.
She doesn’t like her dormitory because according to the tw anthology, every students are hot-headed and likes getting into fights just for being tough which makes it annoying and troublesome to deal with over and over again but somehow, she felt happy to be around at her dorm and enjoys having fun with everyone as friends especially all of her dorm mates have ears and tails just like her.
Taniya wasn’t fond of fish and never eats one. She DID eat once but she finds it very weird for her taste including the rotten smell and because of that, she doesn’t want to step foot on Octavinelle dorm. (she doesn’t trust them because she smells fishy about Azul, Jade, Floyd, and the rest of their dorm mates…..I’m sorry but seriously, she doesn’t trust them)
She’s not interested in having a relationship (that’s a lie) and rather help her classmates to have confident of confessing their crushes but if any boy wants to win her heart, they need to do better than giving chocolates & flowers and saying sweet words or else she deliberately might friendzoning them because this feline won’t be easy to fall for......actually, she’s really clueless when it comes of being loved but even if she DOES like someone, she won’t admit to her friends/spouse that he’s not good enough for her or act like a classic tsundere (you adorable baka! obviously it’s-)
Everyone didn’t know she has a dark side but she makes sure to keep her mental at state
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lboogie1906 · 2 years
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The official history of the University of California, Los Angeles starts May 23, 1919 when Governor William D. Stephens signed Assembly Bill 626 into law, which turned the facilities of the Los Angeles State Normal School into the Southern Branch of the University of California. After moving to its new campus in Westwood in 1929 it was renamed UCLA and has since expanded to become The Los Angeles branch of the California State Normal School opened on August 29, 1882. In 1887, the branch campus became independent and changed its name to Los Angeles State Normal School. In 1914, the school moved to a new campus on Vermont Avenue in Hollywood. In 1917, UC Regent Edward A. Dickson, the only regent representing the Southland at the time, and Ernest Carroll Moore, Director of the Normal School, began working together to lobby the State for the second University of California campus, after Berkeley. The Southern Branch campus opened on September 15 of that year, offering two-year undergraduate programs to 250 Letters and Science students and 1,250 students in the Teachers College, under Moore's continued direction. The school newspaper, Cub Californian, athletics, student government, and Greek chapters were organized in the first year at the Vermont location. #ucla #bruins https://www.instagram.com/p/Cd5u0GdLfZ0Z2afts7waPv1kLv-FADF304up8o0/?igshid=NGJjMDIxMWI=
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kulifefall2019 · 5 years
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Food On & Off Campus
Cyrose Conteh
Michael Smith
Amin Gould
Perry Carpenter
Theme: Food On/Off Campus
Prologue: Brooke-Lynn, a student at Kutztown University, finds it tempting to walk down Main Street especially while trying to avoid “freshman 15.” The smells on Main Street are indescribable, Brooke-Lynn explains the two most common Main Street scents, food and cow manure. Both smells intertwine, but on a good day the cheesy savory smell of Tommy Boys Pizza will take over the rotten egg smell of cow manure. With all the other places to eat down Main Street. Tommy Boys will forever be Brooke-Lynn’s favorite place to eat off campus because they offer good prices for large thin and crispy pizzas. Brooke-Lynn encourages everyone to go to Tommy Boys and try their pizza for the first time because their pizzas aren’t too greasy and most definitely not soggy. If you’re looking for something other than pizza, Tommy Boys is still the place to go, explained Brooke-Lynn. They have amazing cheesy mac n’ cheese bites along with freshly tossed salad and many many more stated Brooke-Lynn. Even though eating off campus can be enjoyable, it can also be pricey, uttered Brooke-Lynn. When she’s not eating off campus her favorite place to eat on campus is Chick-fil-a. Brooke-Lynn explained how waiting in a long line at Chick-fil-a before class can be detrimental if she plans on getting to class on time. South Dining Hall is another place on campus that Brooke-Lynn goes to eat. She talks about the salad and bagel bar being her favorite. On days where she wants to save money, South Dining Hall is the place she’ll go for breakfast, lunch, and dinner. Brooke-Lynn is not alone in trying to navigate the world of food at Kutztown on and off campus. Food is necessary for all students. There is not a single person who doesn’t think about it on a daily basis. In this blog post, we will cover food at Kutztown in four acts: Act I South Dining Hall on campus; Act II North Campus on campus; Act III Tommy Boys off campus; and Act IV Pop’s Malt Shoppe off campus. Introducing Act I: South Dining Hall will be Michael.
Act I: South Dining Hall on campus
       I came to KU not knowing to expect I listened to many of my friends telling me about their experiences with their first year of college. My friends told me that it was not what they expected it to be. Most of the them were telling me how they didn’t like the food the cafeteria because there was little variety. My experience with the South Dining Hall has been on and off because sometimes there are good meals and at other times the food is not tasty. I mainly eat at the South Dining Hall at night because we practice until 8:30pm each evening. Many of the stores in the Marketplace are often closing as I just get to the facility after practice most food stores will be just closing. I like to go and eat after practice and often the food is well done, of good quality, and taste great. There are some evenings when I go to South Dining Hall that the quality that the food is not completely cooked and it does not taste very good. I can tell when it’s a good night and bad night because of how the food looks like as it is being served. I know when it’s a good night at south when there are a lot of people in there having fun and enjoying their food. I wanted to obtain an opinion of the South Dining Hall food so I interviewed my roommate Dominick Wilson. Dominick says the food at the South Dining Hall isn't really as good as it was talked up to be. In the beginning the food was okay because it was new to him.
Act II: North Campus on campus
If you’re on the Northside of campus before 8pm you can pick up something at the multitude of places to eat. If you are ballin on a budget, Cub Cafe might be the one for you. This Kutztown dining hall has a large variety of food to choose from, like speciality made sandwiches or freshly made hibachi. However, maybe you’re not feeling like Kutztown served food; maybe you want something with a little more flavor. Let us take a walk over to the Academic Forum to get in the outrageously long Chick Fil A line. Chick Fil A is the Academic Forum’s main attraction with students sometimes flooding out the door to get their hands on some delicious waffle fries. The small line rivaling Chick Fil A’s is that of the unauthentic mexcian cuisine in the AF. However, maybe not of this appeals to you and you are more of a coffee and breakfast person like my friend Emma. One thing Emma likes to get every day when she’s on North Campus is Starbucks. She claims that her favorite time of the day is when she is able to sit in the luxurious Starbucks section of the MSU with her coffee. Emma says before coming to college she was unpleasant that she would have to start making her own coffee, this was before she knew there was a Starbucks right on campus. Know she says that she wouldn’t want to go to any other college in the world. Maybe you can’t pay out of pocket for these wonderful food choices, that is not a problem with having a flex plan. The flex plan at KU is a set amount of currency on every student KU card that allows them to purchase things like Chick Fil A or Starbucks among other things. Whether you want an all you can eat food experience or a higher quality food experience, there’s always something to enjoy on North Campus.
Act III: Tommy Boys off campus
Since coming to kutztown all I have heard is how good tommy boys is and how I need to try it. After trying their pizza i can say it supported it's hype. From the big slices to the overall taste it was worth going. Shane a sophomore here at kutztown when asked how he would describe tommy boy’s described it as “heaven on earth.” Shane says he goes to  tommy boys about once every two weeks and does not get sick of tommy boys food.  
Act IV: Pop’s Malt Shoppe off campus
Since I came to Kutztown in August, I have gone to Pop’s Malt Shoppe at least eight times. Pop’s Malt Shoppe is an amazing family friendly restaurant located on Main Street in Kutztown. With all the amazing food Pop’s has to offer, their ice cream flavors are to die for. Pop’s have over 30 ice cream flavors. My all time favorite flavor at Pop’s  is black raspberry. Their ice cream is so creamy, refreshing, yummy, sweet and rich. Their vintage 50’s style provides a family friendly atmosphere that appeals to all ages. The workers are also very welcoming to students and families. Ali, a fellow freshman, also loves Pop’s. Her favorite thing about Pop’s is the cute 50’s style theme. The checkered walls, red stools, records on the walls, and the music played mixed with the delicious foods to offer will have you addicted to Pop’s Malt Shoppe. She would recommend the mac n’ cheese burger and the mac n’ cheese bites to anyone who’s never eaten at Pop’s. At Pop’s there are so many food options to choose from off the menu. Pop’s have amazing fries, especially their chili cheese fries explained Ali. She talked about how their nacho cheese fries are amazing but when it’s topped with chili, they’re to die for. Pop’s Malt Shoppe is Ali’s favorite place to eat off campus. When she has the time and money, Ali enjoys having their creamy mint chocolate chip ice cream with whip cream and a cherry on top. Although Ali enjoys eating at different places on Main Street, Pop’s Malt Shoppe is still her number one favorite place to eat.
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Pop’s Malt Shoppe: Cyrose Conteh
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stepchain46-blog · 5 years
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Epstein and Maddon on Russell, Domestic Violence, and the Cubs’ Plans to Be Part of the Solution
Yesterday, the top brass of the Chicago Cubs – President Theo Epstein, General Manager Jed Hoyer, and Manager Joe Maddon – led a season-opening press conference, which you can watch in full at the end of this post.
Although there was a lot of interesting baseball fodder sprinkled throughout the 47-minute discussion – some of which Brett has already gotten into here and here – there an even more important, lengthy discussion about Addison Russell, domestic violence, and the Cubs’ plans to address these issues this spring and into the future. We thought the discussion was worth sharing in its entirety.
So below, you’ll find full quotes from Theo Epstein and Joe Maddon, without our commentary at this time, including the questions that prompted them.
Question: Addison Russell, obviously here a little bit early, has he maintained the work you’ve laid in front of him and have you had any talks with him about how he’s feeling just with this opportunity to be back with the team?
Theo Epstein: Yeah, I’ve stayed in good contact with Addison. I think I said it at the convention, we’re at like the top of the second inning with this process and as we get here this week and start Spring Training, we’re probably still like in the bottom of the second inning. We still have a long way to go. Addison is well-aware he’s been given a conditional second chance by this organization that there are a lot of standards we’re going to hold him to. He has to continue to put the work in to become a better person, a better citizen, a better teammate, a better member of society, a better father. And the good news to report at this early juncture is that he’s really taken things to heart and has put a significant amount of work in. He’s fully and enthusiastically complied with everything Major League Baseball has put in front of him, as far as therapy and counseling going forward. Beyond that, he’s reached out on his own to engage with a therapist, someone he’s still in contact with 3-4 times a week and that relationship will continue long after the mandated therapy is done. He’s gonna speak to you guys before the start of position player camp. I think that’s an important step. And I believe you’ll see someone who takes full accountability for what’s happened and will be happy to share with you the work that he’s putting in.
So from our end, you know, he’s a full participant in Spring Training, per the Major League Baseball policy. As long as Addison continues to put that work in and continues to meet the standards we’ve laid out for him, then we’ll support him on this path. And I should say, it’s at least as important if not more important that we’re also continuing to support Melisa, who is the victim in this whole affair and continue to stay in touch with her and support her and give her the resources that she needs, as well. So, beyond that, as an organization, we’ve taken this plague of domestic violence to heart. We’ve talked – she wants to play a small part in attacking this problem. And from an organizational standpoint, we’ve really stepped up and enhanced our training. By the time Spring Training is over, every single employee in this organization will have gone through enhanced domestic violence training. So every major league player, every major league coach, every major league staff member, every minor league player, every minor league staff member, every member of the front office will have gone through a pretty rigorous domestic violence training program to increase education and awareness. That process has already started with the folks back in Chicago – I think we’ve already had over 130 or so employees who’ve gone through the training. And it’ll continue here in Mesa, in Spring Training. We’ve added an elective healthy relationship training program for the players families that’ll be part of the initiation for players wives and I think that’s important.
We’re also making sure those that face the players families outwardly such as the head of our family program go through even more training – a 40 hour training program, which is sorta the standard to become as expert as you can in domestic violence detection, awareness, prevention, education. And we’re gonna make sure that also someone who travels with the team is goes through that same 40-hour training program. Experts say you can never say domestic violence will never happen again, here. But you can still take every step necessary to ensure that this is the safest possible work place and so that we have the smallest possible chance of any domestic violence occurring within these walls. And then outside of these walls, we’ve engaged with a number of groups that do tremendous work trying to prevent and eliminate domestic violence. Family Rescue is organization based in Chicago – Joyce Coffee is the executive director. They’ve just done incredible work over the years trying to eliminate domestic violence. They were actually engaged with the Cubs two decades ago in doing some domestic violence training and that’s something that we’re bringing back. We’re working with them on this training, on the education, we’re providing financial support for them, Joyce and her team, to do tremendous work. And just blocks from Wrigley Field, the House of Good Shepherd, which is a residential domestic violence recovery facility. We’ve had a 20-year relationship with them and we’re enhancing that relationship, getting even more involved with them, and that includes a capital commitment to build a safe space for kids who are living on their campus.
Again, I think we took our pledge to become a small part of the solution very seriously, knowing that this happened on our watch. And that we’re not just trying to support Addison, we’re trying to support Addison (if he continues to put the work in), to support Melisa, to improve this organization, make it the safest possible place, and then also to do our part in trying to attack the problem that faces all of us in society more broadly. Thanks for the question.
Question: Theo, would it have been the easy way out for you guys to just cut ties with Addison and move on?
I don’t know, I don’t want to characterize anything about domestic violence as easy. I will say I understand people who are critical of the approach we’ve decided to take.
I have a number of people who I trust and share things with and bounce things off people who have moral compasses that I think are as good as they come and who are people I really trust and respect and I’d say about half of those people really embrace the position that we’ve taken. They think that digging in and trying to make a difference is the right way to go. And then the other half think that we should have, as you said, just cut bait and moved on, because we do know that we send a message to our fans with every action that we take. And that cutting bait sends a simpler, stronger message. But that digging in and trying to make a difference on all these difference fronts sometimes that’s a little more nuanced and that can get lost in translation. I personally think we’re doing the right thing. I understand people who are upset and think we should’ve just moved on. But I can at least pledge to those people that we’re taking this on earnestly, that’s it’s important to us, that they’re not just words, they’re actions and that I will continue to be transparent with you and with our fans about everything that we’re doing to try to attack this problem of domestic violence AND that we will continue to hold Addison to an incredibly high standard or he won’t play a regular season game as a Chicago Cub ever again.
Question: Joe, What’s your role in this on a team level, in terms of Addison addressing this with his teammates?
Joe Maddon: I was in contact with Addison a little bit during the offseason and I cannot say things better than Theo just relayed all that information to you. Of course, I’ll get in front of the team, of course, Addison shall also. And we’re just going to continue to try to move it forward. Again, a lot of “ifs” are attached to this healing process and we’re going to try to work through all the ifs. But again, Addison appears to be doing all the right things. Obviously, as an organization, we can’t be more complete I don’t think in what we’re trying to get done right now, so my role is just to be out front, my role is to try to make this work as best as we possibly can and come out on the right side eventually. But to this point, I’ve been in touch with Addison, he’s trying very hard to make all this right.
Question: You know that clubhouse really well, any concern that this will be a distraction or divisive in any way?
Joe Maddon: It’s always the potential there, I can’t deny that. And that’s why it’s really important that I think we’re very transparent regarding how we’re dealing with this and all the particular policies or items we’ve been putting in place in order to try to prevent this from happening again. I think if the players see that we’re really organized in our attempt to put this back on the right track and get Addison back on his feet, make him a really productive part of society once again, I think that our players could get on board with something like that. So this stuff is being made obviously apparent to all of you guys, our players understand all of this, too. So, it’s one of those one-step at a time things. And we’re not healed yet, like Theo said about bottom of the second inning, maybe going to the top of third, and you just have to be, I think, authentic and transparent about the whole situation.
Question: You said you have to show with actions, how do you do that? (was originally in reference to Ricketts’ emails, but drifted into DV conversation):
Theo Epstein: One thing, I think … you’ll notice with the domestic violence issue, we didn’t come out right away talking about everything we we’re going to do, because I think words are cheap and actions mean a heck of a lot more. So I don’t want to sit up here as some sort of a PR operation and say, like, “No, here’s what we’re doing in response,” because I think that lessens the impact and lessens the meaning overall. After we’ve put some of these programs in place with respect to domestic violence, then, if asked, we’re a little bit more comfortable talking about it. But we’re still early in the process. I’d still rather let our actions take hold and speak for us, rather than come out and use talking points to try to get around issues – that’s not possible, that’s not the right approach.
* * *
Full press conference:
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Source: https://www.bleachernation.com/2019/02/13/epstein-and-maddon-on-russell-domestic-violence-and-the-cubs-plans-to-be-part-of-the-solution/
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plotmoney9-blog · 5 years
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The ultimate guide to Guaranteed Rate Field
Though its neighbor—and bitter rival—to the north might grab more national attention and tourist dollars, Chicago’s South Side ballpark is a fun and relatively affordable place to watch Major League Baseball. Wrigley Field is known as the friendly confines, but Sox Park can be equally welcoming and family-oriented despite the neighborhood’s rougher-around-the-edges, blue-collar reputation.
The White Sox fanbase is a diverse, enthusiastic, and unpretentious bunch that takes a relaxed but no-nonsense approach to the game. When the White Sox have a terrible year (and they’ve had more than a few), the franchise has never been able to hide behind a “lovable losers” persona and still enjoy sell-out crowds like the Cubs.
The White Sox’s 2005 World Series win may still be fresh in the minds of loyal fans but for other Chicagoans—and sports network ESPN—the team’s most recent triumph is often forgotten. The situation can be seen as a microcosm of how the media covers—or rather doesn’t cover—the South Side.
This year’s team is young and looks poised for another rebuilding season, but there are still compelling arguments to head to the ballpark to enjoy a game in 2019.
Whether you’re visiting because you’re a diehard Sox fan, there to see a visiting team play, or just put off by Wrigley Field’s pricey tickets, here’s everything you need to know about the home of the Chicago White Sox—starting with what to call the place.
Like the classic 1910 ballpark it replaced in 1991, the current stadium was originally named Comiskey Park after White Sox founder Charles Comiskey. In 2003, U.S. Cellular purchased the naming rights and rebranded the facility as U.S. Cellular Field. Though the change angered traditionalists, most fans shrugged it off. Some even embraced “The Cell” as a nickname.
Just when the sting losing Comiskey was starting to wear off, the venue officially changed its name once again after retail mortgage lender Guaranteed Rate penned a 13-year deal to call the stadium Guaranteed Rate Field in 2016. Once more, outrage ensued. The Chicago Sun-Times even published an article titled “There can’t be a worse name than Guaranteed Rate Field. Can’t be.” The agreement also came with universally unloved corporate signage sporting a big, red downward facing arrow.
With the Sears Tower becoming Willis and the John Hancock Center dropping its famous moniker, Chicagoans tend to be a stubborn bunch when it comes to clinging to old names. Sure, some folks are calling the park “G Rate,” but for an older generation it simply never stopped being Comiskey. For others, the all-encompassing term “Sox Park” can apply to all of the above and rolls off the tongue with greater ease.
Bottom line, there’s nothing wrong with using the stadium’s correct Guaranteed Rate Field name. At the same time, no one’s going to look down you for choosing to keep it old school.
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The exterior of the ballpark is an example of restrained postmodernism.
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From an architectural standpoint, Guaranteed Rate Field was conceived during an awkward time in sports stadium design. Built in 1991, the postmodern structure lacked not only an emotional connection to the outdated stadium it replaced but also the quirks and charms found in the newer wave of “retro classic” ballparks like Baltimore’s trend-setting Camden Yards.
Ten years later, White Sox ownership eventually undertook a major multi-phase renovation project to address one of the ballpark’s least loved features: its terrifyingly too-high upper-deck. In all, 6,600 seats were removed during the process. The remaining bright blue seats were swapped out for more traditional forest green colored replacements.
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Fans initially found the stadium’s upper deck—seen in this 1995 photo—to be too tall and steep. Management eventually redesigned this section to be less scary.
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A darker color scheme spread to other parts of the stadium which played to the Sox’s “Good guys wear black” marketing mantra. Other steps to bring more character and personality to the ballpark including realigning the outfield fencing to be less symmetrical and, hopefully, spice up the gameplay.
On its surface, Guaranteed Rate Field is a perfectly fine professional baseball venue but it will always face unfavorable comparisons to the former Comiskey Park and, of course, Wrigley Field. Both older stadiums were even designed by the same architect, Zachary Taylor Davis.
It’s been said that a bad day at the ballpark still beats a good day at the office. But if you can’t skip out of work for the midday home opener against the Seattle Mariners on April 4, there are lots of other great games worthy of your hard-earned dollars.
Specialty nights
The ballpark’s specialty games include heritage nights (Polish, Italian, Greek, and Hispanic!) as well as Elvis, the Beatles, Star Wars, and country music themes. Even the most serious fans can’t help but embrace the fun of “Mullet Night.” These themed events are typically accompanied by post-game fireworks.
Dog Day
Guaranteed Rate also offers a quick-to-sell-out annual Dog Day during which the outfield sections get overrun by furry four-legged Sox fans and their human companions. In 2016, the stadium’s “Bark at the Park” set a new Guinness World Record for the most canines at a live sporting event.
Family Sundays
The 2019 home season will feature 12 “Family Sundays” with tickets as low as $5 in the upper level and $15 in the lower level. These games include kid-focused activities throughout the concourse level and the opportunity for little ones to run the bases afterward.
Crosstown Classic
Save for another run at the World Series, arguably the most important White Sox games of the year take place during the crosstown rivalry against the dreaded Chicago Cubs. With bragging (gloating?) rights on the line, there’s perhaps no other series each Chicago fanbase would most like to see their respective team win.
This year, the series features two games at each stadium. The bitter rivals will square off at Wrigley Field on June 18 and 19 before heading south to Guaranteed Rate Field on July 6 and 7.
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The stadium’s lights are switched off for a postgame fireworks show.
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CTA
When it comes to getting to and from the home of the Chicago White Sox, fans have multiple options with the easiest—and most affordable—being public transit. CTA riders have two options: the Green Line stop at 35th Street-Illinois Institute of Technology and the Red Line’s easy to remember Sox-35th Street stop. For Metra riders, the Rock Island Line utilizes the nearby ‘35th Street / ‘Lou’ Jones’ station. All are within a five-minute walk of the park.
Parking
If you must drive, Guaranteed Rate is still relatively convenient due to its proximity to the Dan Ryan Expressway and over 7,000 nearby parking spaces. The sea of asphalt surrounding the ballpark lends itself well to pre-game tailgating—something that Wrigley Field will never have.
Many ticket packages include prepaid vouchers that correspond to specific lots. Fans can also pay on game day to park in lots F, L, or G for $20 Monday through Saturday and $10 for Sunday games. Official White Sox parking lots accept both cash and credit cards.
The White Sox affiliated lots open approximately two hours before each game, unless noted otherwise, and close 30 minutes after games conclude. Post-game tailgating is strictly forbidden. Additional info on lot locations, parking coupons, and priority accommodations for guests who are physically disabled can be found here.
Uber and Lyft
Patrons of Guaranteed Rate Field can also make use of the various ride-hailing companies. Uber is the “preferred rideshare partner” of the White Sox and has a dedicated pickup zone in Lot A marked by flags. First time Uber users (if such people still exist in 2019?) can get $15 off their ride with the promo code ChiWhiteSox. Taxis queue on 35th Street between Gates 4 and 6.
Biking
Bicycle racks are located between Gates 2 and 3 and along 35th Street by Gate 5. Users of Chicago’s Divvy bike share networks will find the closest station at the southwest corner of Wentworth Avenue and 35th Street. Other nearby Divvy docks include Armour Square Park and various locations around the Illinois Institute of Technology campus.
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A map of Guaranteed Rate Field’s official parking lots and its three nearby train stations.
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Since Guaranteed Rate was designed with minimal overhangs and obstructions, there’s really no such thing as a bad seat. The mostly open-sky nature of the ballpark, however, should be a consideration when rain is threatening—so prepare accordingly. With only the back 10 rows of the lower level covered, most seats are exposed to the elements. Smaller umbrellas are allowed but the larger golf-style are prohibited.
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An overview of Guaranteed Rate Field’s seating sections, gates, restaurants, and souvenir shops.
White Sox
100s
The lower 100 level of the park features both individual and bleacher seats and the most extensive selection when it comes to food, drinks, and souvenirs. The 100 level includes the Bullpen Porch in right field, the turf-side Craft Kave (spelled with a backward K), and center field’s CBIC Fan Deck which can be reserved for large group events. History buffs can check out a shower from old Comiskey located near Section 161. The functional fixture is also a great way to cool off on a hot day.
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Fans taking advantage of old Comiskey Park shower.
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300s
Moving higher in the stadium is the 300 level. This area includes the ballpark’s posh private skyboxes as well as a band of premium outdoor seats served by attentive wait staff. Tickets here are obviously more expensive but come with perks such as access to indoor lounge seating, specialty concessions, and the Skyline Sports Bar.
500s
The ballpark’s upper deck might be the best value in baseball, but a 500 level ticket can carry restrictions that limit access to the lower concourses and concessions. If you are hoping to explore everything Guaranteed Rate has to offer, a 500 level ticket may not be the way to go. Ticket checking can be an inconsistent affair, so sneaking lower is possible but certainly not guaranteed.
Guaranteed Rate Field has elevated its food options in recent years with diverse selection including Polish pierogis, Cuban sandwiches, Irish nachos (tater tots instead of chips), tamales, Italian beef, and deep-dish pizza.
New for this year is a partnership with Chicago-based Antique Taco, which has taken over the two taco stands on the stadium’s main concourse. Vegans also have an additional option as well thanks to the Impossible Burger, available on the club level.
There are also old standbys like the Comiskey Dog, a Vienna Beef frank served on a soft poppy seed bun. Order it with “the works”— toppings of yellow mustard, chopped onions, sweet pickle relish, a dill spear, tomatoes, sport peppers, and a dash of celery salt. Add ketchup at your own peril.
Another fan favorite is elotes—or corn off the cob topped with salt, butter, cayenne pepper, cheese, mayo, and lime. The savory Mexican treat features corn freshly shucked off the cob, never from a can.
A number of ballparks across the country serve ice cream or nachos in miniaturized plastic baseball helmets, but G-Rate ups the ante by offering both in full, adult-sized hard hats. Featuring no less than 12 scoops of the cold stuff, the park’s three-pound sundae (estimated to contain up to 5,000 calories) is best shared with friends. Or not. This is Chicago after all. No one will judge.
When it comes to adult beverages, the park continues to up its craft beer game. There’s a new focus on local breweries at the Revolution-branded bar in left field and a rebranded Goose Island seating section and beer garden in right field. Keep in mind that these high-brow brews tend to command premium prices say over a Bud or Miller Lite. Beer sales stop after the last out of the 7th inning.
For the first time, Sox Park will offer boozy warm drinks, including apple cider is spiked with Fireball and hot chocolates with Jim Beam whisky and Patrón tequila. Both come served in a souvenir mug and are available on both the 100 and 500 level concourses, says Eater.
Guaranteed Rate’s swankiest culinary option is the fine-dining Stadium Club managed by Levy Restaurants. Access here, however, is reserved for members holding season tickets plus an additional $1000 per year. Unless you’re a high-roller or a guest of a member, chances are you’re not getting in the glass-walled restaurant overlooking right field.
So how are the White Sox looking? Well, considering that the team lost 18 of its final 24 games to finish the 2018 season with a .383 record, the ballclub isn’t necessarily expected to set the baseball world on fire.
That being said, the 2019 White Sox have a handful of experienced players and plenty of young talent that could hold the key to turning another rebuilding season into a winner one. Here are some players—and other personalities—to know.
Top prospect Eloy Jiménez will make his highly anticipated major league debut with the Sox, starting at left field on opening day. The 22-year-old Dominican-born player signed a six-year, $43 million contract in March and expectations couldn’t be higher. Is Jiménez a superstar in the making? South Siders are hoping the answer is yes.
Another player to watch is 26-year-old shortstop Tim Anderson. In 2017 the team offered Anderson a six-year contract worth $25 million, a White Sox record for a player with less than one full year with the club. This season should provide Anderson with an opportunity to cement his position as a team leader—and also improve upon last season’s slump.
With such a youthful lineup, the team will lean heavily on the experience of 32-year-old first baseman Jose Abreu, who is on the last year of his contract. The popular Cuban-born player has five seasons with the White Sox under his belt, but some speculate that this year might be his last.
There are some important off-field names to know too. Some locals will recognize a familiar voice over Guaranteed Rate’s public address system. It belongs to announcer Gene Honda who lends his vocal service to both the Chicago Blackhawks and DePaul University basketball.
Southpaw, the White Sox’s green, fur-covered mascot made his Major League debut in 2004. The name references not only a baseball term for a left-handed pitcher but the team’s home on the South Side of Chicago. While some fans have theorized that Southpaw is modeled on a reptile or a dirty sock, he’s “just a big fuzzy green dude,” according to an interview.
Every Chicagoan is—or at least should be—familiar with the name Jerry Reinsdorf. Team owner of not only the White Sox since 1981 but also the six championship-winning Chicago Bulls, Reinsdorf is one of the most influential figures in Chicago sports.
The outspoken owner has always done his part to stoke the cross-town rivalry. “The North Siders always tended to look down on South Siders,” Reinsdorf told Newsweek in 1990. “Part of being a White Sox fan is you hate the Cubs.”
Though we associate the stadium-wide singing of Take Me Out the Ballgame with the Cubs during the 7th inning stretch, the tradition actually originated at old Comiskey.
It all started in 1976 when White Sox owner Bill Veeck noticed broadcaster Harry Caray humming along whenever the organ played the tune. Veeck convinced the reluctant announcer to grab his microphone and sing along.
With that, the song went from background music to a show-stopping event. Caray left for the Cubs in 1982 and his 7th inning act soon became part of Cubs folklore as well.
Like their neighbors to the north with Go Cubs Go, the White Sox have a song that is uniquely their own. Titled Let’s Go, Go-Go White Sox the tune debuted in 1959 and is a college-style fight song in a similar vein to Bear Down. The song is played after big run-scoring plays. The words are usually up on the video board, so sing along!
For years AC/DC’s Thunderstruck has been tasked with pumping up the fans before the home team takes the field. The song was briefly removed from the pregame playlist in 2015 only to quickly return after a tweet-storm from angry fans. The classic rock tune is accompanied by firework blasts from the stadium’s trademark exploding scoreboard.
Source: https://chicago.curbed.com/2018/3/28/17137530/guaranteed-rate-field-guide-seating-food-parking
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cubscribbles · 6 years
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Cubs Take On The Junior Retreat
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Evan Johnson 20′ AMDG 
In an unexpected turn of events, the Junior Retreat was nearly cancelled this year. With the notice of a snow day coming early Wednesday morning, questions began to arise surrounding logistics, availability, and most importantly safety of driving to the retreat center. However, Dr. Gall, director of campus ministry at UofD Jesuit, successfully orchestrated the drop off nearly 30 students through email communication throughout much of Wednesday afternoon and after this hiccup, the retreat ran smoothly and as planned.
The Junior retreat occurred at Manresa Jesuit Retreat House located in Bloomfield Hills Michigan roughly 30 minutes away from UofD Jesuit. It consisted of 27 students along with faculty leaders Ms. Costello, Johnathan Wojtkowiak S.J. (Society of Jesus), Sean Grinsell 19’, and Rhasean Scales 19’. An added element of the retreat required students to turn over cellphones and watches as not to distract or detract from the experience providing them the opportunity to immerse themselves without distraction. Minor details such as the food, sleeping arrangements and facility conditions were stellar with little to no complaints.
As a student, attendance on retreats is strongly encouraged by faculty as it allows for a time of self-reflection and personal growth. These retreats epitomize the Jesuit method of education and allow for an experience that is unique to each individual. Nicholas Said 20’ believes “The Junior retreat allowed me to grow closer to all my classmates. It shows that we are all brothers who are there for one another.” Overall the Junior retreat provides students the ability to focus on themselves away from the hectic and stressful rigors of Junior year.
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addictionfreedom · 6 years
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ledenews · 5 years
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6@6 - March 18, 2020
Message from Wheeling Public Safety.
The City of Wheeling’s emergency services – police, fire and EMS will operate as NORMAL during the COVID-19 (Coronavirus) National Emergency. Both Police Chief Shawn Schwertfeger and Fire Chief Larry Helms want to the public to know their departments will be fully staffed 24-hours a day. All calls will be answered as normal. However, a few minor changes have been issued in order to help our public health partners: POLICE:
Police:
All Crime Watch meetings are canceled for the month of March and April. (Crime tips can be called in at 304-234-3664 or online at wheelingwv.gov/crimetip) In-person fingerprinting services are suspended Police will not be accepting invitations to participate in public or special events Police Non-Emergency situationsIf you have a misdemeanor offense, a property crime traffic concern or want to report suspicious activity, please call the non-emergency line at 304-234-3664 and talk to an officer via telephone.
Fire:
CPR classes are canceled through the end of April.The Bureau of Fire Prevention is suspending all fire education talks. Fire and EMS will not be accepting invitations to participate in public or special eventsNon-essential family members will not be transported with any patient inside at Wheeling Fire Department ambulance. If experiencing serve flu-like symptoms, call your primary care physician first before dialing 911. Extra precautions are being taken internally to keep first responders safe and healthy in order to provide quality emergency services to the City of Wheeling and its residents. More information on the city’s response efforts can be found online at wheelingwv.gov.
Bars and Restaurants Open for Carry-Out Orders.
West Virginia Gov. Jim Justice ordered all bar, casinos, restaurants, and limited visitor lottery parlors to close early this morning but did include the fact carry-out and delivery services can remain in operation.  The governor’s order is very similar to the one issued by Ohio Gov. Mike Dewine this past Sunday.
Sheriff on Radio.
Ohio County Sheriff Tom Howard and Chief Deputy will be interviewed on The Watchdog (98.1 FM WKKX and 97.7 FM WVLY) this afternoon from 3-4 p.m. to discuss the COVID-19 crisis, the halting of the Interstate 70 projects, and future coverage at The Highlands now that bars and restaurants have been closed by Gov. Jim Justice.
Highlands Sports Complex Hired.
Highlands Sports Complex, a new multisport complex in Wheeling, West Virginia, has hired Harvey Greenidge as general manager. The announcement was made by the Ohio County Development Authority, which oversees the project in partnership with Sports Facilities Management. Greenidge is a youth sports industry veteran who has previously worked with the YMCA. He has worked with prestigious sports organizations, including the YMCA. He brings more than two decades of experience in summer camps, youth development, sports programing and events management to the position. He also has experience booking major events, including professional boxing matches and concerts.
Update from West Liberty University.
In order to keep campus informed about its COVID-19 crisis response, West Liberty University is issuing the following update: Although the Hilltop campus is open, visitors are discouraged due to COVID-19. Please call or email staff if assistance is needed. The directory can be found at westliberty.edu/directory.Recreation, academic and athletic facilities remain closed until further notice. In-seat classes are suspended and change to alternate learning formats on Monday, March 23.RECAP, the annual academic scholarship symposium, is cancelled for the 2019 – 2020 year.The Business Office will no longer accept in-person payments. Payments may be made by credit card over the telephone or online. Money orders also are accepted. Checks can be sent electronically or mailed to: WLU, CUB 109, 208 University Drive, West Liberty, WV 26074. Telephone payments may be made by calling 304.336.8013 or 304.336.8252. Online payments can be made on the website or through the Student’s Wins Account (click Student Accounts and Billing tab, then Make a Payment). Thank you.Student Counseling Services are available, and can be set up by email or telephone during regular office hours. There will be no face-to-face counseling sessions, however, it will be done via Telehealth sessions. Contact the Director of Counseling Services Lisa Witzberger, MSW, LGSW at [email protected] or 304.336.8215. Students also may schedule via their WINS Account.Students with other health questions or needs should contact Student Health Services Director Christy Bennnington at [email protected] or 304.336.8049 during regular hours. Student Health Services is located in the basement of Shaw Hall near the Campus Police Department.Dining Services will still provide meals, on a limited basis.Social distancing is encouraged.If students need the assistance of an RA, please contact Residence Life on its duty phone at 304.479.2516.As always, in case of an emergency, contact Campus Police or 911.  
Closed in St. Clairsville.
The city of St. Clairsville's Municipal Building has closed to visitors while the employees will continue working inside, but citizens can contact officials using the following phone numbers or email addresses: [email protected] 740-695-1324 MAYOR’S OFFICE; [email protected] 740-695-0156 PUBLIC SERVICE DIRECTOR’S OFFICE; [email protected] 740-695-1410 MUNICIPAL UTILITIES OFFICE. To make payments, please use the office door drop or the drive up drop box located in the alley behind the Municipal Building. Payments also can be made online at www.stclairsville.com; for new services, please call 740-695-1410; and there will be no service disconnects for the month of March. Read the full article
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ntrending · 5 years
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Scientists are making progress with better plastic-eating bacteria
New Post has been published on https://nexcraft.co/scientists-are-making-progress-with-better-plastic-eating-bacteria/
Scientists are making progress with better plastic-eating bacteria
Rise of the plastic eaters. (Brian Klutch/)
Molecular biologist Christopher Johnson was schmoozing at a party not long ago, talking with another guest about his research, as scientists often do. Johnson works on breaking down plastics, which tend to be highly resistant to such things.
The woman he was speak­ing with at this particular pre-­wedding soiree replied that she felt overwhelmed—­hopeless—about the whole situation: how we can’t seem to stop using plastics, how they crowd landfills, how their microparticles permeate the oceans.
Overwhelmed, Johnson thought. Hopeless.
“I’m a world away from that perspective,” Johnson says, ­recalling his reaction.
That’s because plastics aren’t just happening to Johnson. He’s happening to them. Johnson is a research scientist at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory, and this past year, he and his colleagues created a biological enzyme that can chew efficiently through throwaway plastics like those that make water bottles and soap containers. The team is optimistic they can engineer a world where humans keep using this overabundant material—without winding up literally or figuratively overwhelmed by it. In that world, as part of a broader, robust recycling system, microorganisms will digest polymers into their chemical components so they can turn a profit as new and better products.
Currently, recycling doesn’t actually turn plastic into anything, chemically speaking: It just grinds the waste into smaller pieces, like shredding paper into strips. Manufacturers then reconstitute those pieces into lower-quality plastic. In bio-based recycling, as those in the field call it, plastic-eating organisms give you back the building blocks to make new materials and, eventually, goods.
Johnson’s group, in particular, captured the public’s imagination because its discovery was accidental and made for a great story. Skeptics feared the effort might backfire—that rogue GMO chompers might start gobbling the wrong polymers. Like the dashboard of your car. As you’re driving. It’s an extremely remote possibility but not completely misguided.
Scientists have new hope that nature might hold a solution for our most problematic polymers. (Brian Klutch/)
All that plastic trash, after all, is itself an unintended consequence. The synthetic material began, in part, as a substitute for ivory to save ele­phants from slaughter. But that innovation also brought us to where we are today: overwhelmed and hopeless. The amount of plastic that humans produce every year—more than 300 million tons—weighs about five times that of all ­people put together.
We use most of our modern polymers just once: in water bottles, shampoo bottles, milk bottles, chip bags, grocery bags, coffee stirrers. Every year, nearly 9 million tons of the litter ends up offshore. You’ve probably heard of the Great Pacific Garbage Patch: an area in the ocean’s northern half where swirling currents congregate all that refuse. But did you know that by 2050, the high seas could sport more plastic than fish?
Civilization isn’t doing a great job of cleaning up after itself, partly, Johnson and his team believe, because there’s never been a great economic incentive to. But if you can take those plastic building blocks and assemble them into something more valuable than the ­original—such as auto parts, wind turbines, or even surfboards—you can change recycling’s calculus. Companies can do well for themselves by doing good for the world.
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Much of the accidental enzyme team works at the National Renewable Energy Lab in Golden, Colorado. The campus nudges against the foothills of the Rocky Mountains, which slope up quickly out of nothingness into 14,000-foot peaks. Solar panels occupy the roofs of nearly all of the buildings. Inside the Field Test Laboratory Building, where the group works, a ROYGBIV spectrum of utility pipes runs along ceilings and walls. Labs full of refrigerators, incubators, and high-powered microscopes hum behind card-access entryways. And, in a small meeting room on the ground floor, a matrix of screens backlights four scientists.
They, along with colleagues in Florida, England, and Brazil, form a kind of dream team for this particular bio-based recycling research: Nicholas Rorrer creates polymers. Gregg Beckham tries to figure out how bacterial and fungal chemicals break down compounds such as cellulose, the main ingredient in plant-cell walls and many veggies. Bryon Donohoe studies how ­cells with polymer-eating enzymes work. Johnson engineers new kinds of cells that secrete those enzymes. Those areas of expertise are each key to exploring how bacteria indulge an appetite for plastic—and how to manipulate them into being better snackers.
On one of the screens behind them, an enzyme skates along a close-up of cellulose, chewing off individual strands and spitting them back out as blocks of sugar—the ultimate drive-through eating experience. This simulation, the scientists say, is the same way a polymer meets its match.
The crew first learned of the concept when the March 2016 issue of Science magazine brought news that researchers in Japan had discovered a strange species of bacteria in samples of soil near a bottle recycling plant in the city of Sakai. It could chomp through polyethylene tere­phtha­late, commonly known as PET, which manufacturers widely use to make plastic bottles and containers. A team led by Kenji Miyamoto, a bioscientist at Keio University, found that the organism squirted out an enzyme, which they dubbed PETase, that stripped the polymer into chemical pieces. They called this amazing organism Ideonella sakaiensis, after its home city. Still, not to diss Ideonella, but it didn’t work fast enough: Given six weeks and tropical temps, it could eat through a film of PET. Not exactly the stuff of efficient recycling plants. Plus, getting it to grow required some careful care and feeding.
Soon after the journal article appeared, Beckham found himself in England, having a beer with University of Portsmouth’s John McGeehan, a colleague in cellulose research and an expert at mapping the structures of tiny enzymes. They began to brainstorm how to combine forces to better understand how PETase digests PET. After all, their work already looked at how the natural degrades the natural—for example, how bacteria and fungi use enzymes to digest cellulose. Maybe that work could help them understand how the natural breaks down the synthetic.
After their brainstorming pint, the two recruited Johnson, Donohoe, and Rorrer, as well as another colleague in Florida, Lee Woodcock, whose sophisticated computer models simulate how cellular chemicals work. Then, they got started.
First, the team needed to understand how PETase breaks down its chosen plastic. The molecules in a polymer are like connected Lego bricks that can just pull apart. For PET, PETase is the puller. But to understand how PETase could grab onto and torque the plastic’s molecules, the team needed enough of the enzyme to be able to map it.
That’s where Johnson’s cellular expertise came in. Working with an outside ­company, they synthesized the gene that produces PETase so it could later be slipped into E. coli, a single-celled organism that is quick and easy to grow in a lab. He sent the genetic code across the pond to McGeehan’s lab. There, the mutant food-poisoner had some grub and began pumping out PETase.
McGeehan schlepped the PETase enzyme to a facility with a super-powerful X-ray microscope that uses light 10 billion times stronger than the sun to probe samples and create ­atomic-​scale pictures. Inside the exotic microscope, supercooled magnets guided the X-rays until the scientists could see PETase itself—and not just its goo-​­making effects.
The enzyme, to the untrained eye, resembles the love child of a sea sponge and a human brain. Or, if you are a very lucky biologist, it looks almost exactly like cutinase, the puller for cutin, a waxy polymer that coats many plants. Cutinase has a narrow U-shaped pit that notches into cutin just so. PETase has the same U, just wider, kind of like a cutinase in a fun-house mirror. The PETase U notches into PET, like the two sides of a BFF necklace.
This is a no-brainer, Beckham thought at the time: The enzyme, he reasoned, initially evolved to eat cutin, and clearly had adapted in the presence of so much trash to have a new favorite food.
The form, function, and evolutionary idea in hand, the team submitted their paper for publication in October 2017. But the origin story—their most beloved part—was problematic. “One of our reviewers said, ‘No, you have to show that,’” Beckham recalls.
<em>Ideonella sakaiensis</em> is just one organism that can use plastic as fuel. (Brian Klutch/)
This is going to be a crap activity, he imagined. It seemed so obvious that cutinase had Darwined its way into PETase. But to show how that had happened, they would have to wind back the evolutionary clock, shrinking the wide PETase U back to a wee cutinase U, and in the process, they thought, making it unable, or at least less able, to chew plastic. Then they would reverse course, turning the cutinase back into PETase, showing how one became the other.
Beckham would have to eat (and digest) those words.
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The team began the first half of the experiment, turning PETase back into cutinase, in late 2017. First, they tweaked the DNA that makes the enzyme PETase. Specifically, they mutated two amino acids so their replacements pinched into a U, creating an enzyme that was closer to cutinase. For his part, ­Rorrer—the polymer guy—began to harvest bottles from colleagues, including staff favorites such as Diet Pepsi and Diet Dr Pepper. (Today, the refuse still lines the top of his cubicle.) He used a standard office hole puncher to snip out circles. He then placed those in close quarters with versions of the modified enzyme, expecting he’d come back to find it making minimal progress, if any.
But that’s not what happened. When Rorrer returned four days later, he found the hacked enzyme was not only working, but it was eating about 30 percent more than the PETase from the Sakai recycling plant. The team members began to doubt themselves. Maybe I mislabeled the samples, Rorrer thought. Donohoe, the cell-breakdown specialist, suspected they’d mixed up the samples. They repeated the experiment two more times but kept getting the same outcome: The new enzyme had a good appetite. Donohoe recalls, “I’m like, ‘I guess we have to believe it, even though I don’t know how to.'”
The result still left open whether PETase had morphed from cutinase in the “oh, of course” way the team had surmised. But the unexpected outcome is still good news: It means they can improve what evolution hath already wrought. “Nature hasn’t necessarily found the ultimate solution,” Beckham, the chemical engineer, says.
When they announced the discovery in April 2018, people latched on to its oopsiness. John McGeehan got a Goop award from Gwyneth Paltrow’s pseudoscience wellness brand. He tried to reject it, but there is no rejecting Gwyneth Paltrow. But for this group, being famous wasn’t enough. And improving PETase a little wasn’t either. “There’s probably room here to make it a heck of a lot better,” Beckham says.
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Ideonella sakaiensis, turns out, is far from the only organism that can use plastic waste as fuel. “Bacteria probably do just evolve to eat things all around them,” says genetic engineer Johnson. Biologists have known for decades that existing enzymes, such as the so-​called esterases that microbes and fungi spit out, can break down PET and nylon.
Plastics floating in Lake Zurich carry four organisms primed to eat polyurethane. In the ocean, investigators in India have discovered bacterial species that can degrade polyvinyl alcohol, which water­proofs paper. Another group found a fungus whose cutinase also munches PET. None of these, though, can feast fast enough at scale to be useful to industry—yet. With more than 300 million tons of plastic produced every year, organisms would need to churn through around 906,000 tons on all days ending in “y” to get the job done. Taking four days to dissolve the surface of a Diet Dr Pepper bottle isn’t fast enough.
In its own search for better polymer eaters, the dream team recently recruited new players from Montana State University who study extremophiles boiling in the brightly colored pools of Yellowstone. ­Selfie-​­snapping tourists throw a lot of trash into those hot springs. At temperatures like these—­sometimes more than 400 ­degrees—​­plastic melts.
To a bacterium, munching overheated junk is like taking speed: Everything happens a lot faster. If the scientists can find an extremophile, or engineer one, that likes it hot and eats PET, then they’re one step closer to a process that works fast enough to be useful in the real world.
In that scenario, a future recycling plant would heat or dice up the plastic, then throw it in a big pot of hot water and sprinkle in some PETase (or other hungry enzyme). That would produce a soup of polysyllabic ingredients: terephthalic acid and ethylene glycol, the stuff that companies can spin into stronger, higher-value polymers.
First, though, they need a better enzyme. “Life will find a way,” Beckham says, smiling as he paraphrases Jurassic Park. Still, nature could use an assist. So the team starts by exploiting evolution’s secret: random mutation. Sometimes new genetic code makes the organism better suited for its environment, and the microbe lives to pass that wonkiness to its offspring. In the lab, though, we can accelerate evolution by, say, feeding the would-be plastic-eaters only PET. If they don’t sit down to dinner, they starve.
The team is also trying to create new life by injecting the PETase gene into bacteria that is less picky than Ideonella. Beckham pulls up an unpublished paper and scrolls to before-and-after pictures. After four days in a test tube with a new mutant, a bit of hole-punched plastic is what he calls “a soupy mix of crap.” “Crap,” here, is ­chewed-​up plastic parts.
The effort, in other words, is working. As Beckham looks at his pictures, he laughs and recalls a link people sent him when the team’s first paper came out. It pointed to a 1971 book called Mutant 59: The Plastic-Eaters. In the tale, a ­polymer-​­dissolving virus takes over—killing spacecraft, crashing planes, sinking submarines, and generally causing uncontrollable chaos as it destroys seemingly all the plastic in the world.
Nonfictional researchers plan for their engineered organisms to stay in the lab, in tubes, and, eventually, in industrial processes. Such organisms might even already exist on the outside, having evolved the old-fashioned way. Remember, the world has bacteria that eat lots of other things we love: metal, bread, cheese, our own skin. And we’re all still here, nibbling bread and cheese, sitting on metal chairs. Given an eons-long head start, the microbes have not yet managed to take over. So, unless nature gets remarkably better remarkably fast (it took something like 50 years to make the inefficient version of PETase), or a rogue actor stages a coup, no bitsy beasts will be gutting your Walmart kayak anytime soon.
Beckham does give more credence to a concern that carbon, spit out during digestion, eventually becomes carbon dioxide, a greenhouse gas that contributes to climate change. But any addition would be dwarfed by gases from other industries. His group wants neither a bio-warmed world nor one without plastics.
Instead, they aim to create a real economic incentive for reclaiming most polymers. Right now, what comes out the recycling end is just PET with weaker bonds: It’s challenging to make another bottle out of it, and it’s worth about 75 percent of what the original plastic was. It goes into textiles or carpets. Those usually wind up in landfills.
Biologically breaking down plastic, though, produces components that can become the precursors to pricey materials like Kevlar, which sells for two or three times as much as recycled PET and goes into stress-​­resistant products like snowboards. These materials give companies a cash-​based reason to reclaim plastic. Innovators might even use them to build flightier aircraft, more-­efficient cars, and hardy, lightweight stuff we ­haven’t thought of yet. Stuff that maybe does its part to reduce ­greenhouse-​gas emissions.
This world won’t exist tomorrow, or next year. But it’s a foreseeable future, synthesized through the dream team’s microbes, or others’, and whatever nature brings to the polymer picnic table. If they succeed, we’ll be able coexist with plastics, not atop of a heap of them.
This article was originally published in the Summer 2019 Make It Last issue of Popular Science.
Written By Sarah Scoles
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