#“Bangladesh business schools”

[digital-techtune2024]

https://www.cub.edu.bd/

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[makingqueerhistory]

The Story of Sharifa Everyone called me a boy in my childhood but I eventually understood that even though my body was like that of a boy, I was actually a girl. I loved dressing up like girls. However, no one at home agreed to buy me the clothes I liked. I liked doing household chores with my mother, rather than going out with my father. I used to secretly makeover myself with my sisters’ cosmetics. If I was caught. I would be scolded or even beaten. I wanted to play with girls more. Nevertheless at home. in school. the girls did not want to take me in sports with them. Even when I went to play with the boys they used to laugh at my voice and behaviour. Everyone at school, the neighbours, and even the people at home ignored me a lot. I used to suffer a lot thinking why I was like this. I felt very alone. One day I met someone whom everyone called a girl but she thought of herself as a boy. I thought “this person is also like me.” She told me “We are not women or men. We are the third gender.” That person took me to a place where there were more people like us. And their ‘Guru Mom’ kept a watch on all of them. Going there, I did not feel alone. I did not feel that I was different from others. I began to stay with those people. There the rules and customs were different from those of our home. Still, we lived like a family, sharing all the joys and sorrows among us. We live like a family, sharing everyone’s happiness and sorrow. We also feel bad for the people at home. So we go home from time to time. I left home twenty years ago. Since then I have been earning money with my new family by blessing newborn babies and new brides and grooms. Sometimes I collect money from people by requesting them. However, we want to live like other common people in the society, to study, work and do business like them. Nevertheless, most people don’t want to mix with us, don’t want to give us work even if we have required qualifications. However, nowadays many people are sympathetic to us. Nowadays, many people like us are studying from their own homes. There are people like us in all countries of the world. In many countries. they live like the rest of the society. The condition of our country is also changing. The Bangladesh government recognised us in 2013. The government and many nongovernment organisations are working for us. They are providing education and employment. They are working to change the attitude of society. Many third gender people like Nazrul Islam Ritu, Shammi Rani Chowdhury and Bipul Barman have achieved success in social and professional life.

[nanobreaker]

Bangladesh Updates

[03/08/24]

(Same disclaimer as before: I'm discussing the situation with relatives who are accessing Bangla-language media; I'm therefore unable to provide sources)

The military's Chief — who, by the way, is the husband of Sheikh Hasina's cousin (her government is basically one big collection of nepotism) — had a meeting with other high-ranking military officials. Apparently, what's come out of this is that the military said that they could not act in favour of the Awami League (the Bangladeshi government) and turn against the public

Army officials have also supposedly been instructed not to fire at protestors

We're getting this information from retired Bangladeshi military officers who now live overseas (e.g. in the UK, the US, Canada etc.)

Government representatives are claiming that they did not order the police to shoot at protestors

Sheikh Hasina is claiming that helicopters didn't fire at protestors and civilians — instead, the helicopters were spraying water

In solidarity with the protestors, Bengali business owners are boycotting law enforcement (e.g. the army, the Rapid Action Battallion, police officers etc.) and refusing to sell them goods in

Similarly, landlords in cities are evicting law enforcement and giving them three days to leave properties

Meanwhile, people living in cities are still living in fear of nightly raids. The government continues to insitgate internet blackouts in order to facilitate these raids

Students previously had nine conditions for negotiating with the government. They have now lowered this to one condition: for Sheikh Hasina to resign and give power to a third-party power

To date, more than 11,000 protestors have been arrested. However, this number is understood to be an underestimation

Those arrested are often being beaten and tortured in prisons

A lot of people have been kidnapped — we don't know what's happened to them

It is difficult to get an accurate death toll as the Directorate General of Forces Intelligence are taking paperwork from hospitals

The protestors are standing strong, conducting protests in their thousands.

Protestors are planning an indefinite, country-wide boycott starting on Sunday 4 August 2024 to pressurise the government economically. They ask that people:

Only shop between the hours of 11 am to 1 pm

Avoid driving rickshaws or cars

Avoid taking trains

Avoid paying gas and electricity bills

Avoid paying taxes or mortgages

Avoid opening, or going to, offices, banks, courts and schools

Avoid going out for leisure.

[fatehbaz]

Things are bleak when even the insatiable industrialists, businesses, and colonial governors of the British Empire say that wealth and profit should be secondary goals/concerns to the most important guiding principle of provoking "pain, dread, and terror".

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[There was] development of a penal order or prison disciplinary system in nineteenth-century colonial India designed to extract the labour of convicts [...]. Colonial authorities, particularly in Bengal, the largest presidency of India, which then included the present-day states of West Bengal, Assam, [...] and the nation-state of Bangladesh, increasingly deployed prisoners in intramural [indoor] instead of extramural [outdoor] work. [...] The shift to handicrafts production resulted from the efforts of the colonial state to increase the severity of the conditions of incarceration as per the recommendations of the influential Prison-Discipline Committee of the late 1830s that found the existing penal disciplinary system wanting [...]. According to this Committee, whose report became the primer for penal and judicial reform in the nineteenth century, the employment of prisoners in public works, especially road construction, was definitely ‘the worst method of treatment … ever … provided under the British Government for this class of persons'. [...] In its estimation, [...] such outdoor work [...] had the additional [...] [quality] of developing ‘frightful’ rates of mortality.

Particularly in Bengal, the initial experiments [...] gave way to [...] employment of prisoners indoors in handicrafts production [...]. No one championed that practice more enthusiastically than F. J. Mouat, a medical officer who became the inspector-general of prisons in Bengal in 1855 and convened the first ever province-wide exhibition in Calcutta in 1856 to celebrate and stimulate jail handicrafts in the region. [...] That began to change, however, as administrators at different levels of government raised concerns about the lack of severity of indoor penal regimens [...]. An 1877 conference convened to improve jail discipline concluded that colonial authorities needed to reconsider the merits of public works [favored as a more severe punishment, 'the worst method of treatment ever'] [...]. In the early 1880s Calcutta followed up with a directive urging local officials [...] to employ more inmates in public works [outdoors]. [...] Indeed, colonial debates about mobilizing convict labour to work indoors or outdoors were always centred on concerns about ensuring and maximizing the severity of imprisonment and not the rehabilitation of prisoners. [...]

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At the turn of the nineteenth century [early 1800s], prisoners in Bengal, as in the other presidencies of Bombay and Madras, worked [outdoors on "public works"] [...]. Even at this early juncture, authorities at the highest level of the colonial and imperial government [...] worried that their disciplinary practices were not tasked with chores requiring greater exertion [...]. Consequently, London and Calcutta encouraged local officials to employ prisoners in [...] roads in particular [because the conditions were more brutal] [...]. They also broached the possibility of moving convicts away from their home districts so that they would not have access to friends and family. [...] And with local officials eager to capitalise on prison labour, judicial authorities helped increase convict numbers [...] in the first decade of the nineteenth century that authorized courts to tack on hard labour (and banishment) for particular offences. [...]

[T]he Prison-Discipline Committee [made the] proposal to make imprisonment 'a terror to evil-doers' by compelling inmates to engage in 'dull, wearisome, monotonous tasks' [...].

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[But] Mouat’s plan was to transform jails into ‘schools of industry’ [...]. [He wanted to make jails profitable, de facto businesses. To do this, he advocated indoor handicrafts production.] [H]e singled out certain jails for their productivity, Alipore [...] in particular [...] producing 'an actual profit of £74,232 [...]'. He boasted that this record was unmatched 'in any country or in any prison of the whole world'. [...] Not everyone shared Mouat’s faith in ‘industrial training’ as a punishment [...].

But the 1864 Committee [...], [m]uch more so than the Bengal inspector-general [Mouat] ever did, [in] its report emphasized making imprisonment 'a matter of dread, apprehension, and avoidance'.

Everything was to be secondary to that guiding principle, including making penal labour profitable [...].

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As the lieutenant-governor put it, the prevailing system focused overly on manufactures and sanitary conditions and not enough on the ‘penal effect of imprisonment’. Therefore, it needed revamping to make the punishment of short-term prisoners more ‘stinging’, labour more penal, [...] so that Bengal jails would not be ‘a complete liberty hall’. [...]. For colonial officials, the [initial] interest in establishing [...] [indoor] hand labour in prisons was prompted primarily by their concern with [...] lessening the high costs of incarceration which resulted from the added expenses of employing extra guards to watch over inmates labouring outdoors. [But the government was willing to pay more, and to lose a source of profit, for the sake of making the punishment more severe.] [...] To his [Mouat's] detractors, intramural work in handicrafts production did not add up to hard labour -- it was not rigorous enough, [...] and therefore diminished the severity of imprisonment as a punishment, particularly in comparison to the demands of labouring outdoors on the roads or operating the treadwheels that some authorities wished to introduce to indoor labour.

His opponents also questioned his emphasis on profitability, which they believed distracted prison officials from ensuring that incarceration entailed pain and deprivation.

---

Text by: Anand A. Yang. "The prison-handicraft complex: Convict labour in colonial India." Modern Asian Studies Volume 57 Issue 3. February 2023. [Bold emphasis and some paragraph breaks/contractions added by me. Italicized first heading/sentence in this post added by me. Text within brackets added by me for clarification.]

[kick-a-long]

so... Columbia protesters officially declare their intentions to start getting violent and support of islamist terrorism around the globe.

Anti-Israel radicals at Columbia University are pushing for the “total eradication of Western Civilization” — and threatening even more extreme tactics to accomplish their twisted goal until the “empire crumbles.”

Columbia University Apartheid Divest, a coalition of 116 student groups at the Ivy League School whose members set up encampments on the Manhattan campus and stormed Hamilton Hall this past spring, made the explosive claim after “comrades” in Bangladesh ousted former Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina following weeks of bloody anti-government protests.

“We are Westerners fighting for the total eradication of Western civilization,” the group wrote in an Aug. 7 Instagram post. “We stand in full solidarity with every movement for liberation in the Global South.”

3Anti-Israel radicals at Columbia University are pushing for the “total eradication of Western Civilization.”instagram @cuapartheiddivest

The chaotic demonstrations in Muslim-majority Bangladesh, initially sparked by student protesters opposing government job quotas, have since fueled mob violence targeting Hindu minorities, who traditionally supported Hasina’s now-collapsed Awami League party.

“As the movement for Palestine faces draconian censorship and counter-insurgency in the [United] States, we must learn from our comrades in Bangladesh and continue to escalate until the empire crumbles,” wrote the Columbia student coalition, which has demanded the university divest from all companies with business ties to Israel.

The scorched-earth social media post was attributed to the “militants of Hind’s Hall,” referring to Columbia’s historic Hamilton Hall, which a mob of protesters briefly seized on April 30 and renamed in honor of a 6-year-old Palestinian girl killed in the Israel-Hamas war named Hind Rajab.

James J. Valentini, a former dean of Columbia College and vice president for undergraduate education, said the school shouldn’t treat the students’ declarations as hollow threats. 

“The university needs to be prepared for a serious challenge,” Valentini said. 

Columbia announced it would once again restrict access to its Manhattan campus only to staff and students ahead of the upcoming school year starting Sept. 3 — and the potential return of the riotous anti-Israel protests.

3The Columbia students said they would learn from the Bangladesh protesters and incorporate even more extreme tactics into future protests supporting Palestine.instagram @cuapartheiddivest

3The bloody anti-government protests in Bangladesh led to the ouster of Former Prime Minister Sheikh Hasani.AP

The tumult on Columbia’s campus this spring drove the school’s embattled president Minouche Shafik to resign Wednesday, following months of calls for her ouster by groups who championed and criticized the protests. 

Columbia and CUAD did not respond to a request for comment.

[warningsine]

Bangladesh’s Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina resigned on Monday as thousands of protesters defied a military curfew and stormed her official residence, sparking violence that killed at least 66 people according to local police and hospitals. Army chief Waker-Uz-Zaman confirmed in a televised address that Hasina had left the country and that an interim government would be formed. Hasina's resignation comes as deadly protests over the reintroduction of a quota scheme for government jobs began in July this year.

Sheikh Hasina's 15-year rule as Bangladesh's prime minister ended Monday as she fled more than a month of deadly protests and the military announced it would form an interim government.

Hasina had sought to quell nationwide protests against her government since early July but she fled the country after brutal unrest on Sunday in which nearly 100 people were killed.

"We want a corruption-free Bangladesh, where everyone would have the right to express their opinion," said Monirul Islam, a 27-year-old man among hundreds of thousands celebrating in the streets in the capital Dhaka.

Bangladesh's army chief General Waker-Uz-Zaman said in a broadcast to the nation on state television that Hasina had resigned and the military would form a caretaker government.

Why is the army speaking for Bangladesh following PM Sheikh Hasina's resignation?

"The country has suffered a lot, the economy has been hit, many people have been killed – it is time to stop the violence," said Waker, shortly after jubilant crowds stormed and looted Hasina's official residence.

At least 66 people were killed Monday, police said, saying gangs had launched revenge attacks on Hasina's allies. Many were shot.

Millions of Bangladeshis took to the streets across the South Asian country.

Jubilant crowds waved flags, some dancing on top of a tank, before thousands broke through the gates of Hasina's residence. Others later stormed parliament.

Bangladesh's Channel 24 broadcast images of crowds running into the prime minister's compound, grinning and waving to the camera, looting furniture and books, or relaxing on beds.

'Mob rule'

Mobs also raided and ransacked the homes of Hasina's Awami League party allies as well as police stations, witnesses told AFP.

"The homes and businesses of pro-Awami League people have been attacked," a senior police officer said, speaking on the condition of anonymity, and calling the violence "mob rule".

Others torched television stations that had backed Hasina's rule, smashed statues of her father Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, the country's independence hero, and set fire to a museum dedicated to him.

"The time has come to make them accountable for torture," said protester Kaza Ahmed. "Sheikh Hasina is responsible for murder."

Waker said protests should end and vowed that "all the injustices will be addressed", while the military said it would lift a curfew on Tuesday morning, with businesses and schools to reopen.

Late Monday, Bangladeshi President Mohammed Shahabuddin ordered the release of prisoners from the protests, as well as former prime minister and key opposition leader Khaleda Zia, 78.

Zia, who is in poor health, was jailed by her arch-rival Hasina for graft in 2018.

The president and army chief also met late Monday, alongside key opposition leaders, with the president's press team saying it had been "decided to form an interim government immediately".

It was not immediately clear if Waker would lead it.

Security forces had supported Hasina's government throughout the unrest, which began last month in the form of protests against civil service job quotas and then escalated into wider calls for her to stand down.

Hasina, 76, fled the country by helicopter, a source close to the ousted leader told AFP.

Media in neighbouring India reported Hasina had landed at a military airbase near New Delhi.

A top-level source said she wanted to "transit" on to London, but calls by the British government for a UN-led investigation into "unprecedented levels of violence" put that into doubt.

Bangladesh's military said they had shut Dhaka's international airport on Monday evening, without giving a reason.

There were widespread calls by protesters to ensure Hasina's close allies remained in the country.

'Major vacuum'

Michael Kugelman, director of the South Asia Institute at the Washington-based Wilson Center, warned that Hasina's departure "would leave a major vacuum" and that the country was in "uncharted territory".

"The coming days are critical," he said.

European Union foreign policy chief Josep Borrell called Monday for an "orderly and peaceful" transition towards an elected government. Former colonial ruler Britian and the United States urged "calm".

Demonstrations began over the reintroduction of a quota scheme that reserved more than half of all government jobs for certain groups.

The protests escalated despite the scheme being scaled back by Bangladesh's top court.

The latest violence took the total number of people killed since protests began to at least 366, according to an AFP tally based on police, government officials and doctors at hospitals.

Soldiers and police in several cases did not intervene to stem Sunday's protests, unlike during the past month of rallies that repeatedly ended in deadly crackdowns.

Bangladesh has a long history of coups.

The military declared an emergency in January 2007 after widespread political unrest and installed a military-backed caretaker government for two years.

Hasina then ruled Bangladesh from 2009 and won her fourth consecutive election in January after a vote without genuine opposition.

Her government was accused by rights groups of misusing state institutions to entrench its hold on power and stamp out dissent, including through the extrajudicial killing of opposition activists.

(AFP) 

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[digital-techtune2024]

https://www.cub.edu.bd/index.php

[learnenglishnewmotivation]

Here are 50 common abbreviations for competitive exams in Bangladesh:

BCS - Bangladesh Civil Service

PSC - Primary School Certificate

JSC - Junior School Certificate

SSC - Secondary School Certificate

HSC - Higher Secondary Certificate

NTRCA - Non-Government Teachers' Registration and Certification Authority

DU - Dhaka University

JU - Jahangirnagar University

BUET - Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology

CU - Chittagong University

RU - Rajshahi University

KU - Khulna University

MBBS - Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery

BDS - Bachelor of Dental Surgery

LLB - Bachelor of Laws

MBA - Master of Business Administration

BBA - Bachelor of Business Administration

BSc - Bachelor of Science

MSc - Master of Science

BA - Bachelor of Arts

MA - Master of Arts

MCQ - Multiple Choice Questions

VIVA - Viva Voce (oral exam)

IQ - Intelligence Quotient

GK - General Knowledge

IBA - Institute of Business Administration

IELTS - International English Language Testing System

TOEFL - Test of English as a Foreign Language

GRE - Graduate Record Examination

GMAT - Graduate Management Admission Test

BNCC - Bangladesh National Curriculum and Textbook Board

NCTB - National Curriculum and Textbook Board

DPE - Directorate of Primary Education

MPO - Monthly Pay Order

GPA - Grade Point Average

BMDC - Bangladesh Medical and Dental Council

BCPS - Bangladesh College of Physicians and Surgeons

AFMC - Armed Forces Medical College

AFMI - Armed Forces Medical Institute

HSTU - Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University

CUET - Chittagong University of Engineering and Technology

KUET - Khulna University of Engineering and Technology

RUET - Rajshahi University of Engineering and Technology

CUJ - Comilla University of Journalism and Mass Communication

JNU - Jagannath University

RUET - Rajshahi University of Engineering and Technology

RUHS - Rajshahi University of Health Sciences

DMC - Dhaka Medical College

MMC - Mymensingh Medical College

JMC - Jashore Medical College

[aryantalukder]

SEO Specialist in Bangladesh

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[partho64]

Digital Marketing Course

As of my last knowledge update in September 2021, there are several institutions and platforms that offer digital marketing courses in Bangladesh. However, it's important to note that the availability of courses and institutions may have changed since then. Here are a few options you could explore:

Bangladesh Institute of ICT in Development (BIID): BIID offers various digital marketing courses and workshops aimed at professionals, entrepreneurs, and students. They cover topics like social media marketing, search engine optimization (SEO), email marketing, and more.

DigiTech School: DigiTech School provides comprehensive digital marketing training with courses on SEO, content marketing, social media marketing, Google Ads, and more.

Dhaka School of Digital Marketing: This institution offers courses on digital marketing, social media marketing, content creation, and e-commerce.

Online Platforms: You can also consider online platforms like Udemy, Coursera, LinkedIn Learning, and Skillshare. These platforms offer a wide range of digital marketing courses from international instructors.

Local Universities and Training Centers: Some universities and training centers in Bangladesh may also offer digital marketing courses as part of their business or technology-related programs.

Before enrolling in any course, I recommend doing thorough research to ensure that the course content is up-to-date, the instructors are qualified, and the institution has a good reputation. It's also a good idea to read reviews or get recommendations from individuals who have taken the course before.

Please note that the information provided here is based on the situation up to September 2021, and there may have been developments or changes since then. Be sure to verify the current availability of courses and institutions before making any decisions.

What is Digital Marketing?

Digital marketing refers to the practice of promoting products, services, or brands using digital channels and technologies. It encompasses a wide range of online strategies and tactics to reach and engage with a target audience. Unlike traditional marketing, which relies on offline methods such as print ads, billboards, and television commercials, digital marketing leverages the power of the internet and electronic devices.

Digital marketing includes various components and techniques, some of which are:

Search Engine Optimization (SEO): This involves optimizing your website and online content to improve its visibility in search engine results pages (SERPs). The goal is to attract organic (non-paid) traffic to your website by ranking higher in search engines like Google.

Social Media Marketing: Utilizing social media platforms like Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, and LinkedIn to connect with and engage your target audience. This can involve creating and sharing content, running ads, and interacting with users.

Content Marketing: Creating and sharing valuable and relevant content (such as blog posts, videos, infographics, etc.) to attract and retain a specific audience. The aim is to establish authority, build relationships, and eventually drive customer action.

Email Marketing: Sending targeted emails to a list of subscribers to promote products, provide updates, and nurture leads. Email marketing can be used to build customer loyalty and drive conversions.

Pay-Per-Click Advertising (PPC): Running paid advertisements on platforms like Google Ads or social media networks. Advertisers pay a fee each time their ad is clicked, helping drive immediate traffic to their websites.

Affiliate Marketing: Collaborating with other businesses or individuals (affiliates) who promote your products or services and earn a commission for each sale or action generated through their marketing efforts.

Influencer Marketing: Partnering with social media influencers or individuals with a significant online following to promote your products or services to their audience.

Online Public Relations (PR): Managing your online reputation and interacting with digital media and communities to maintain a positive brand image.

Analytics and Data Analysis: Using tools to gather and analyze data on consumer behavior and marketing performance. This data helps refine strategies and make informed decisions.

Mobile Marketing: Tailoring marketing efforts specifically for mobile devices, including mobile-friendly websites, apps, and SMS marketing.

Digital marketing offers the advantages of precise targeting, measurable results, real-time engagement, and the ability to adapt campaigns quickly. It has become a crucial aspect of modern business and is continuously evolving as technology and consumer behavior change.

How did You Learn Digital Marketing?

I, as an AI language model, was not specifically "taught" a digital marketing course in the traditional sense. My knowledge and information come from the vast amount of text and data that I was trained on, which includes a wide range of topics, including digital marketing.

I was trained on diverse sources from the internet, including websites, books, articles, and other text documents that cover various aspects of digital marketing. This training allowed me to learn about concepts, strategies, tools, and practices related to digital marketing, just as I learned about many other subjects.

It's important to note that my knowledge is based on information available up until September 2021, and I don't have personal experiences or the ability to actively engage in learning like a human would. My responses are generated based on patterns in the data I was trained on, and I aim to provide accurate and helpful information based on that training.

Write down the Tools Of Digital Marketing.

Digital marketing utilizes a wide range of tools and software to plan, execute, track, and optimize campaigns across various online channels. These tools help businesses and marketers streamline their efforts, target their audience more effectively, and measure the success of their campaigns. Here are some essential categories of digital marketing tools:

Search Engine Optimization (SEO) Tools:

Google Analytics: Provides in-depth website traffic data and user behavior insights.

Google Search Console: Monitors website performance in Google search results and helps with indexing issues.

Ahrefs, SEMrush, Moz: Offer keyword research, backlink analysis, and competitive analysis.

Social Media Marketing Tools:

Hootsuite, Buffer, Sprout Social: Manage and schedule social media posts across multiple platforms.

Social Media Analytics Tools: Platforms like Facebook Insights, Twitter Analytics, and Instagram Insights provide data on post performance, engagement, and audience demographics.

Content Marketing Tools:

WordPress, Wix, Squarespace: Create and manage websites and blogs.

Grammarly: Ensures content is free from grammatical and spelling errors.

Canva, Adobe Creative Cloud: Design visuals and graphics for online content.

Email Marketing Tools:

Mailchimp, Constant Contact, SendinBlue: Create, manage, and automate email marketing campaigns.

HubSpot, Marketo: Offer more comprehensive marketing automation, including lead nurturing and CRM integration.

Pay-Per-Click (PPC) Advertising Tools:

Google Ads, Microsoft Advertising: Create and manage paid search and display advertising campaigns.

Facebook Ads Manager, LinkedIn Ads: Run paid social media campaigns.

Analytics and Data Tools:

Google Analytics: Tracks website and app performance, user behavior, and conversions.

Google Data Studio: Creates customizable data visualizations and dashboards.

Kissmetrics, Mixpanel: Provide advanced user behavior tracking and analytics.

Conversion Rate Optimization (CRO) Tools:

Optimizely, VWO (Visual Website Optimizer): Test and optimize website elements for higher conversion rates.

Hotjar, Crazy Egg: Offer heatmaps, session recordings, and user feedback to analyze user interactions.

Marketing Automation Tools:

HubSpot, Pardot, Marketo: Automate and manage marketing tasks, workflows, and lead nurturing.

Zapier, Integromat: Connect and automate various apps and platforms.

Affiliate Marketing Tools:

ShareASale, CJ Affiliate (formerly Commission Junction): Manage and track affiliate marketing programs.

Video Marketing Tools:

YouTube, Vimeo: Platforms for uploading and sharing video content.

Wistia, Vidyard: Provide video hosting, analytics, and interactive features.

These are just a few examples of the many tools available for digital marketing. The specific tools you choose will depend on your marketing goals, budget, and the channels you intend to focus on. As technology continues to evolve, new tools and platforms are constantly emerging, offering marketers even more ways to optimize their digital marketing efforts.

What are the Advantages of Digital Marketing?

Digital marketing offers numerous advantages for businesses and individuals looking to promote products, services, or brands. Some of the key advantages include:

Global Reach: With the internet's global reach, digital marketing allows businesses to reach a vast and diverse audience worldwide, breaking down geographical barriers.

Cost-Effective: Digital marketing often requires lower investment compared to traditional marketing methods like TV or print ads. It's particularly beneficial for small businesses with limited budgets.

Targeted Audience: Digital marketing enables precise audience targeting based on demographics, interests, behaviors, and other criteria. This ensures that your marketing efforts are reaching the right people who are more likely to convert.

Measurable Results: Digital marketing provides detailed analytics and data tracking, allowing you to measure the effectiveness of your campaigns in real time. You can track metrics like website traffic, conversion rates, click-through rates, and more.

Flexibility and Adaptability: Digital marketing campaigns can be easily adjusted and optimized based on performance data. This flexibility allows you to make real-time changes to improve outcomes.

Personalization: Tailoring marketing messages to specific audience segments enhances customer engagement and improves the overall user experience.

Variety of Channels: Digital marketing encompasses a wide range of channels and platforms, including social media, search engines, email, content marketing, and more. This diversity allows you to choose the most relevant channels for your target audience.

Higher Engagement: Interactive content such as videos, polls, quizzes, and live streams can lead to higher levels of engagement and interaction with your audience.

Brand Development: Consistent digital presence through social media and content marketing helps build and reinforce brand identity, making your brand more recognizable and memorable.

Quick Implementation: Digital marketing campaigns can be launched quickly, allowing businesses to respond rapidly to market changes and trends.

24/7 Availability: Digital marketing efforts, such as websites and social media profiles, are accessible to users around the clock, providing continuous opportunities for engagement.

Direct Communication: Digital marketing enables direct and instant communication with your audience through social media comments, emails, and other messaging platforms.

Improved Conversion Rates: Targeted campaigns and personalized content can lead to higher conversion rates compared to generic marketing approaches.

Competing with Larger Businesses: Digital marketing allows small businesses to compete with larger corporations on a more level playing field, as effective strategies and engaging content can attract a significant audience.

Environmental Impact: Digital marketing reduces the need for paper-based materials and physical advertisements, contributing to a more environmentally friendly approach.

These advantages highlight the effectiveness and relevance of digital marketing in today's interconnected and technology-driven world. Businesses that effectively leverage digital marketing strategies can experience increased brand visibility, customer engagement, and overall business growth.

Conclusion Of Digital Marketing.

digital marketing is a dynamic and transformative approach to promoting products, services, and brands in the digital age. It harnesses the power of the internet, electronic devices, and various online platforms to reach and engage with a targeted audience. This mode of marketing offers numerous advantages that have reshaped the way businesses and individuals connect with their customers.

Digital marketing's global reach, cost-effectiveness, precise targeting, and measurable results make it a compelling option for businesses of all sizes. The ability to adapt campaigns in real-time, personalize content, and utilize a variety of channels further enhance its effectiveness.

With the rise of social media, search engines, content marketing, and other digital platforms, businesses can directly communicate with their customers, build brand identity, and drive conversions like never before. The rapid evolution of technology continues to bring new tools and strategies to the field of digital marketing, providing endless opportunities for creativity and innovation.

In today's interconnected world, where consumers are heavily reliant on digital devices and online interactions, mastering the art of digital marketing is crucial for staying competitive and relevant. Embracing its benefits can lead to increased brand visibility, customer engagement, and ultimately, business success.

[mmitsoft]

MM IT SOFT LTD

MM IT SOFT LTD. is one of the best software development company in Bangladesh run by a group of professional software engineers are highly skilled in Web Development, E-commerce Website, Digital Marketing, Payroll Software, POS Software, School Management Software, Inventory Software, Accounting Software, Hospital Software, Flexiload Software, Retail Software, Garment Software, Medicine and Pharmacy Management Software development in Bangladesh. More than 6+ years of experience in developing performing software for your business.

[fahadventure]

My TEFL Journey In a nutshell

Alhamdulillah, by the grace of Almighty, in the 2nd last year (2021), I have passed the 198 hours Level 5 TEFL certification course (168 guided hours + Teaching English online 30 hours) from The TEFL Academy. For those, who might want to know, Teaching English as a Foreign Language (TEFL) involves teaching English abroad or online where English is not the primary language. TEFL educators can work for international and global schools, foreign companies, international organizations and associations, and internationally recognized universities, just to name a few. You can read more about my adventures in  Fahadventure.

I have been thinking about doing this since 2018, just after my Graduation from the Institute of Business Administration, Dhaka University (IBA, DU), Bangladesh, but could not really focus much as I got involved in corporate culture, after joining an event management company, namely Asiatic Experiential Marketing Limited. Later on, in May,2019, I joined a locally reputed bank, BRAC Bank where I continued to work for two and a half years. In the meantime, the overall lockdown phases during 2020 and 2021 finally came as a blessing among all those office workloads, few trips and some personal hassles which motivated me once again to work from home and pursue my dreams. This certificate is just like a passport to travel the world while I'll start working on attaining the visa i.e jobs abroad once it reopens. For now, I am exploring the online possibilities to start with. Check out the vacancies for better exploration.

Just after leaving the job of my previous organization, BRAC Bank, I got the opportunity to join a global platform within few months, named as "Native Camp" where my everyday work nowadays involves teaching and talking people online, mostly from China, Japan & Taiwan and I can't even explain how happy I am right now to have those sessions and exchange our thoughts with fun while doing so. I am also an avid learner and traveler with interest in knowing cultures and norms from all around the globe. I have worked for a very short time in this period with Lingua Roma, a global teaching company where I had to work with South Africans, Russians, French, Kenyans etc. Apart from that, while traveling in various parts of India and Thailand, I resided in the local hostels and houses to mingle with mixed races and know more about them. You can have a look at my teaching profile.

Being a TEFL tutor is a great way to build transferable skills, like communication, creativity, adaptability, critical thinking, problem solving, and leadership etc. It's been a tiring journey with lots of obstacles since I didn't know who to connect with for suggestions; specially anyone from my country. So, I had to look for international blogs, knock random people and gain idea on this. I would humbly request to expand my knowledge if anyone wants to know & explore this beautiful world together. I'll be writing other detailed posts about my journey and other tefl course online, tefl jobs in the coming days. For now, you can look the official website if it fits your budget. Please keep me in your prayers so that I can smoothly advance towards my dream journey, not just by sitting at a corner of the office. Thank you all. Soooo excited! 🤩

Read the full article again and know more about my adventures in  Fahadventure.

[collegevorti]

Eligibility for Admission to Rajshahi University

Rajshahi University (RU), one of the oldest and most prestigious universities in Bangladesh, offers a wide array of undergraduate and postgraduate programs. Every year, thousands of aspirants want to secure a seat at this historic institution. For prospective students, having a clear understanding of the Rajshahi University admission process and the associated fees is crucial for proper preparation and financial planning.

Rajshahi University Admission Process

Rajshahi University has a well-structured admission process designed to ensure that the most qualified students are admitted to its various departments. The university offers numerous programs across faculties like Arts, Social Sciences, Business, and Science, making it an attractive destination for students from diverse academic backgrounds.

Eligibility Requirements: To apply for an undergraduate program, students must have successfully completed their Higher Secondary Certificate (HSC) or an equivalent qualification (A-Level). The university usually sets a minimum GPA requirement in both the Secondary School Certificate (SSC) and HSC exams, often around 3.0 to 4.0, but the exact requirement can vary by department.

Admission Test: For admission to Rajshahi University, participating in the competitive entrance exam is a must. The exam typically covers subjects relevant to the chosen faculty or department. For example, students applying to science programs will face tests on Physics, Chemistry, and Mathematics, while those applying to the arts may be tested on Language and Humanities subjects.

Merit-Based Selection: Based on the performance in the admission test and prior academic results, a merit list is generated. Students with the highest scores are invited to enrol in their respective programs. Admission to highly sought-after faculties like Business Administration and Science can be extremely competitive, requiring top academic performance.

Rajshahi University Admission Fees

The admission fees at Rajshahi University vary depending on the chosen faculty:

Faculty of Arts, Law, Social Science, Fine Arts, and Institute of Education and Research (IER): Approximately 5,304 BDT

Faculty of Business Studies and Institute of Business Administration (IBA): Approximately 5,304 BDT

Faculty of Science, Life & Earth Sciences, Agriculture, and Engineering: Approximately 5,431 BDT

Other Fees

Apart from the admission and tuition fees, there are other additional fees for specific services, which might be paid by the students. These may include exam fees, library fees, and fees for extracurricular activities. For students residing in the university's dormitories, there may also be accommodation charges.

Scholarships and Financial Aid

Rajshahi University provides several scholarship options to help students manage their financial obligations. Scholarships are primarily merit-based, rewarding students who have achieved academic excellence throughout their schooling. There are also need-based scholarships available for students from low-income backgrounds.

Students are encouraged to apply for these scholarships early in the admission process to reduce the financial burden of their education. In addition to government scholarships, private organizations also offer financial support to deserving students enrolled at Rajshahi University.

Life at Rajshahi University

Rajshahi University offers a vibrant and diverse campus life. The university boasts well-equipped modern facilities, including libraries, laboratories, computer centers, and lecture halls. There are also numerous student clubs and societies catering to various interests, from cultural and academic pursuits to sports and extracurricular activities. The university provides residential facilities for a limited number of students. For those seeking off-campus accommodation, several housing options are available near the campus.

Conclusion

Securing admission to Rajshahi University is a dream for many students in Bangladesh, thanks to its rich academic heritage and affordable fee structure. The admission process is designed to ensure that the most deserving candidates are selected, while the relatively low admission and tuition fees make it accessible to students from all backgrounds. Understanding the fees, scholarship opportunities, and the admission process in advance can help students plan their academic journey effectively. Also, Don’t hesitate to seek advice from CollegeVorti, Bangladesh’s top student portal, for all your educational queries.

[tasin-newaz]

Policy Brief

April 2022

What will this nation do after being educated in this way? Reform the traditional education system of schools in Bangladesh

Overview 

Though Bangladesh has made notable progress in the education sector, the quality of the primary education in Bangladesh remains low. Besides all the short term effects this low rate of education has some long term effects also. Complex platform systems, lack of physical education, absence of real life and job related activities, absence of extracurricular activities and lack of soft skills in the primary and secondary schools in Bangladesh are the main problems in this traditional schooling system in Bangladesh. These problems emerge because of the minimum allocation of the national budget for education and the lack of skilled teachers in the schools (Islam, 2019). An article published in the Dhaka Tribune shows that the allocation of the national budget for education is lower than the required rate by UNESCO.   

These basic problems of the national traditional schooling system have long term effects along with short term effects. Some of the short term effects are the shortage of enough knowledge in the young generation, absence of norms and moral values, absence of career oriented learning that actually create the unemployment problems which is the long term effect. So to solve these kinds of long term bad effects we need to solve the basic problems with the education system. For that, to reform the traditional education system of schools in Bangladesh is necessary. 

Drawing on data from some secondary sources, this policy talked about the basic problems with the traditional primary school system in Bangladesh and its short and long term effects. It concludes with recommendations to accelerate progress to address the problems and the recommendations to solve the problems with the traditional primary school education system.

Methodology 

This brief draws on secondary method data collection. There is a collection of information from some articles published in some renowned newspapers like the business standard, some research by the world bank, some research by some famous authors and some steps taken by the governments of the neighboring countries. This policy included the initiatives taken by the neighboring countries of Bangladesh to address the problem which Bangladesh is suffering for.  This publication clearly shows the problems with our present national primary education system and the short and long term effects of this system. See  figure 01, which focuses on Govt. expenditure by the neighboring countries for education. It compares other countries with Bangladesh. Figure 02 focuses on the trained teachers in the primary education sector of the neighboring countries of Bangladesh. Finally, this policy came up with some policies to solve the problems and work for the betterment of education.

Scope and scale of the challenge:  key findings

Lack of national budget for education: Though education is the backbone of a nation, Bangladesh still does not allocate the percentage of the total budget that is needed for the improvement of the education sector. This is because since independence, Bangladesh has been facing economic and political instability. In Bangladesh about 44.7% of the total population is estimated to live below poverty (visitant, 2015).  The current allocation of the national budget for primary education is less than the required amount by any kind of standard. An article published in the Business Standards is clearly blaming the poor spending for the low quality of education in Bangladesh (Islam, 2019). It has been clear by a survey conducted by the World Bank that the allocation of total GDP for the education sector by Bangladesh is the lowest than any other neighboring country. This survey found that the allocation percentage for education by Nepal is 4.4% (2018), by Bhutan is 6.85% (2018), by India is 3.45% (2016), by Sri Lanka is 2.14% (2018). Where this rate for Bangladesh is only  1.33% (2019). (UNESCO Institute for Statistics, 2021).  Again the majority of this amount is used by the higher education institution. An article published in the Dhaka Tribune is saying that the primary education sector gets only TK26, 314 crore that is well below what is required (Abdullah & Shovon, 2021). So here it is clear that Bangladesh has the lowest allocation rate of total GDP for primary education on average than most of the neighboring countries. To begin with, for this minimum amount of allocation, the primary sector has to face some major problems like this sector can not use sufficient money for the training for teachers, research and the modernization of the teaching environment. There is a huge lack in the number of classrooms, hygienic toilets. Majority of the schools don't have pure drinking water facilities. Primary students do not get opportunities to use modern equipment for details and further learning.  Because of the lower amount of investment for primary education in Bangladesh, it gained 0.48 points which is lower than Sri Lanka. To make the primary education system better all the neighboring countries of  Bangladesh are spending a standard amount of money from the national budget. Exactly this is why they are going forward day by day. Bangladesh also could apply this policy. 

Figure 1: Govt. expenditure by the neighboring countries for education

Source: The world Bank

Complex educational system:

The overall educational system of a country is very much dependent on the educational structure. A simple educational system helps a government to run the process very simply and clearly. Also it requires less cost. But from the very beginning the educational system of Bangladesh is very complex. A research by Dr. Moniruzzaman clearly shows the complexity of the present educational  system in Bangladesh. According to this research, primary school education can be categorized into 04 forms. They are Govt. primary schools, private schools, madrasas and non formal schools. These schools follow a very complex educational supply process and curriculum. The curriculums are Bangla medium, English medium, Cadet curriculum and the madrasa curriculum (Moniruzzaman, 2019). Also it includes non formal education curriculums. These complex platforms require  more management that actually creates hassles. Again for this reason we are losing intelligence. When a brilliant student is studying in the madrasa curriculum, we can not use his intelligence in engineering or any other  path. So here the one way educational curriculum is necessary. Though in Asian region the one way educational curriculum is still rare, it can be found in Finland which is in Europe. It is found that Finland is following the one way curriculum from the beginning and their literacy rate is 99.5% which is very high compared to the countries of Asia which are following a very complex educational system (hechinger report 2010). But currently Pakistan, which is an Asian country, is trying to start the one way education system in the primary level and they found huge benefits in it (Azam, 2022). So, finally it can be seen that for the complex primary educational structure, we are losing the intelligence from some sectors that are actually creating unemployment in the long run.  

Poor number of trained teachers in primary education sector hampers the education quality:

Teachers help a nation to acquire knowledge and to prosper. The teachers of the primary education sector do the elementary work of developing a nation. But a matter of great sorrow is that in Bangladesh the number of trained teachers in the primary education sector is very low than any other neighboring countries of Bangladesh. Several surveys and researches are showing this clearly.  A report by the World Bank is showing that where countries like India has 77.74%, Nepal has 97.27%, Bhutan has 100% (2018) , Sri Lanka has 83.32% of trained teachers (2020) in the primary education sector, as per 2017 the amount  for Bangladesh is only  50.43% (UNESCO Institute for Statistics, 2021). which is the lowest amount among all the neighboring countries. That means half of the teachers of our primary education sector do not know how to deliver modern education or are not suitable with the technology based education system. 

Sometimes it can be seen that teachers are totally dependent on guide books to solve new math problems or sudden faced problems. Most of the teachers are not ready yet to cope up with the creative  curriculum that has been introduced in 2009 (Azad, 2016). For this reason often students do not get the opportunity to get enough basic knowledge of Math or English that basically hampers the basic knowledge of a primary student. An article published in the Business Standard is saying that from a survey by the World Bank it is found that 57% of Bangladeshi children at the late primary age are not fluent in reading. (Islam, 2022). This is one of the main causes why the quality of primary education in Bangladesh remains low. An article published in the Dhaka Tribune says that, ``In a country where a GPA 5 holder in SSC examination says the capital of Nepal is Neptune, it is only natural that Bangladesh ranks last in South Asia on the Global knowledge index”. By this way this nation is lagging behind day by day due to the poor amount of trained teachers.

Figure 2: Trained teachers in primary education section sector of the neighboring countries of Bangladesh

Source: The world Bank

Policy and programming implications

The findings of this policy highlight the urgent need for policy and programming that enhance the quality of the primary education in Bangladesh. Key priorities include the following:

1. Increase the allocation amount of national budget for the education sector:

As the allocation of the national budget is the very first stage to develop the national education system, it is vital to increase the investment of the national budget for the primary education sector of Bangladesh. Also some articles published in the newspapers written by some renowned researchers are suggesting to enhance the national budget for primary education. An article published in the Business Standard is saying that the national budget for education should be at least 3% of the GDP which is currently 1.33% only (TBS Report, 2022). So enhancing the national budget for the education sector could be the very 1st step to take for the improvement of the Bangladeshi primary education sector. 

2. Education structure should be one way:

Sometimes the success of education depends on the structure of the system of knowledge supply. To be more successful, the structure requires to be more straight and clean. This is why some European countries like Finland have been following a one way curriculum from the beginning. And they are more successful. But the educational structure of Bangladesh is complex from the very beginning. Understanding the bad effect of a complex educational structure, some of the Asian countries like Pakistan are moving forward to establish a one way educational structure. Pakistan already has proposed an one-way education supply structure (Azam, 2022). As the one way national educational curriculum is more effective and one of neighboring countries of Bangladesh is moving forward to that, it can be an effective step to follow for Bangladesh as well to be more successful. 

3. Increasing the number of trained teacher in the primary education sector:

To find out the main problems behind the lack of knowledge among the primary school students, it has been found that 50% of the primary school teachers are not well trained and cannot cope up with the new and creative curriculum. And also they are well trained for subjects like English and Math. For this reason the primary school teachers who do the primary work for the development of the nation should be well trained and should be able to solve creative problems. So to make them trained, Bangladesh should organize several training sessions for the teachers, and the recruitment of the primary school teachers should be more  transparent and straightforward.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         

References

Abdullah, M., & Shovon, F. R. (2021, June 03). Experts for proper planning as education budget up. Dhaka tribune. https://archive.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/education/2021/06/03/experts-for-proper-planning-as-education-budget-up

Azad, S. I. (2016, May 12). Problems of primary and secondary education in Bangladesh. EDITORIAL. https://m.theindependentbd.com/arcprint/details/43527/2016-05-12

Azam, M. (2022, January 23). Single National Curriculum (SNC) in Pakistan. Iqbal Institute of Policy Studies. https://iips.com.pk/single-national-curriculum-snc-in-pakistan/

AZAM, M. (2022, January 23). SINGLE NATIONAL CURRICULUM (SNC) IN PAKISTAN. IQBAL INSTITUTE of POLICY STUDIES. https://iips.com.pk/single-national-curriculum-snc-in-pakistan/

Islam, J. (2019, November 22). Low quality primary education results from poor spending. The Business Standard. https://www.tbsnews.net/bangladesh/education/poor-quality-primary-education-results-thrifty-spending

Islam, J. (2022, April 25). Low quality primary education results from poor spending. The Business Standard. https://www.tbsnews.net/bangladesh/education/poor-quality-primary-education-results-thrifty-spending

Moniruzzaman, D. (2019). PROBLEMS OF PRIMARY EDUCATION IN BANGLADESH: A PRAGMATIC STUDY. http://ijariie.com/AdminUploadPdf/PROBLEMS_OF_PRIMARY_EDUCATION_IN_BANGLADESH__A_PRAGMATIC_STUDY_ijariie9476.pdf

TBS Report. (2022, April 26). Experts for raising education budget to minimum 3% of GDP. The Business Standard. https://www.tbsnews.net/bangladesh/education/experts-raising-education-budget-minimum-3-gdp-82816

UNESCO Institute for Statistics. (2021, September). Government expenditure on education, total (% of GDP) - Bhutan, India, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, Nepal. The World Bank. https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SE.XPD.TOTL.GD.ZS?locations=BT-IN-LK-BD-NP&most_recent_value_desc=false

UNESCO Institute for Statistics. (2021, September). Trained teachers in primary education (% of total teachers) - Bangladesh, India, Nepal, Bhutan, Sri Lanka. The World Bank. https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SE.PRM.TCAQ.ZS?locations=BD-IN-NP-BT-LK

visitant. (2015, April 26). Challenges for Education in Bangladesh. CULTURA CRÍTICA. https://www.culturacritica.cc/2015/04/challenges-for-education-in-bangladesh/?lang=en