#Defect Concentration Diagrams

[sgrji]

What are 7 QC Tools? 7 QC Tools: The Foundation of Quality Management

In the realm of quality management, the 7 Quality Control (QC) tools, also known as the 7 Basic Tools of Quality, serve as the bedrock for analyzing and improving processes. These powerful tools, developed by Dr. Kaoru Ishikawa, are indispensable for identifying issues, making informed decisions, and enhancing overall quality. This article delves into the details of the 7 QC tools, their…

[shirecorn]

just a quick question, with Starlight's horn which is separated into two points... did that mutation benefit her magic? and how?

i love your world building it's so fascinating !!<3

it does benefit her magic! Here's a diagram of how unicorn horns work. Each horn is two single-tine antlers spiraled around each other, and the shape channels the magic of the user around and around in tighter and tighter coils, which concentrates it at the tip and allows them to cast spells.

Tempest Shadow's horn is a chaotic, twisting mess, which means that the magic spills out the broken tips and corners before she can direct it into a real spell. Loose, potent magic without a spell to act on can be very volatile.

Starlight Glimmer, on the other hand, was both lucky enough to have a mutation she could work with, and skilled enough to figure out how to channel her magic into her strange horn in a way that enhanced its potency rather than having it fire off uncontrolled.

Instead of reaching the tip and exiting the horn, she sends her magic through the air between her horn tips into a powerful loop of swirling, concentrating magic. While most unicorns' power grows with how many twists their horn has, Starlight's grows with how long she lets it sit in the holding pattern before unleashing a spell.

This means that the only limit to how much power she can wield is based not on her horn loops, but on how much she is able to swirl at the tip of her horn before losing control. And since she is always working to perfect her technique, her power is unparalleled by all but the most ancient unicorns.

As a foal, her home village wrote her off as barely even a unicorn, because she hadn't figured out how to control the magic of her "defective" horn. But she'll show them. She will show them all.

[nursingwriter]

¶ … Doctor Determine Treatment for a Diagnosis of Hereditary Fructose Intolerance: Explain how enzymes are involved in processes such as the breakdown of fructose. The enzymes work as a lock and key process where the relevetn active part of the enzyme fits into the substrate (i.e. The molecule on which the enzyme acts) and activates it. There are various active sites on the enzyme and only the enzyme that will 'fit' in the substrate will work. After part of enzyme matching with substrate, enzyme breaks down substrate into two smaller products. The following image illustrates: (adapted from http://waynesword.palomar.edu/molecu1.htm) At times the process can be blocked by an impediment that stops the 'key' from 'turning, as happens in the case of a lack in aldolase B. which can prompt hereditary fructose intolerance Explain how a deficiency in aldolase B. can be responsible for hereditary fructose intolerance. Hereditary fructose intolerance is a disease that disable the individual from consuming sugar fructose. Hereditary fructose intolerance is characterized an autosomal recessive pattern, where each parent of the victim carries a recessive copy of the gene (i..e gene is there but it only comes out in carrier; it is recessive in parent). The ALDOB gene provides instructions for making the aldolase B. enzyme. This enzyme largely exists in the liver and defuses (i.e. metablizes) the fructose / sugar which is in turn used for energy. The ALDOB gene serves as impediment on enzyme lock and key system in that it prevents the enzyme from effectively tuning into and turning substrate and hinders the ability of the enzyme to metabolize sugar. The lack of healthy aldolase B. results in a mass of fructose phosphates accumulating in the liver which subsequently results in death of liver cells. The weakened operations of the aldolase B. enzyme also produces less dihydroxyacetone phosphate which results in fewer phosphates in the body and also harms the body since altogether, destruction of liver cells and reduced phosphates cause hypoglycemia, liver dysfunction, and other factors of hereditary fructose intolerance. (Genetics Home Ref. Hereditary fructose intolerance http://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/condition/hereditary-fructose-intolerance) 3. Provide clearly labeled diagrams to demonstrate: a. Diagram lock and key models of enzymatic activity. b. Diagram the effect of enzymes on activation energy. 4. With temperature, pressure, concentration, and/or surface area of enzyme increased, the activation energy of the substrate is heightened / intensified. The diagram (retrieved form BioChem Notes http://as-bio-and-chem.blogspot.com/2010/09/recapping-rates-of-reaction-kinetics.html) shows how the peak of activation intensifies impact of product. 4. Discuss the specific substrate acted on by aldolase B. Aldolese B. metabolizes the glycolytic-gluconeogenic pathway. More specifically, it metabolizes the breakdown of F1P into glyceraldehyde and DHAP (Cross NC, de Franchis R, Sebastio G, et al. (1990). 5. Explain the role of aldolase B. In the breakdown of fructose. The lack of healthy aldolase B. results in a mass of fructose phosphates accumulating in the liver which subsequently results in death of liver cells. The weakened operations of the aldolase B. enzyme also produces less dihydroxyacetone phosphate which results in fewer phosphates in the body and also harms the body since altogether, destruction of liver cells and reduced phosphates cause hypoglycemia, liver dysfunction, and other factors of hereditary fructose intolerance. (Genetics Home Ref. Hereditary fructose intolerance http://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/condition/hereditary-fructose-intolerance) A. Case 2 - The doctor suspects mitochondrial disease which can occur at multiple levels in different mitochondrial processes. To help the doctor determine where the defect might have occurred: 1. Explain what would happen to the amount of energy available to a cell if the entire Cori cycle occurred and remained within that single cell (i.e., a muscle cell). The Cori cycle refers to the metabolic pathway where lactate created by anaerobic glycolysis in the muscles flows to the liver and is converted to glucose, which once again is absorbed by the muscles and is converted back to lactate. The other half of the Cori cycle occurs where, instead of lactate produced by anaerobic fermentation massing UP inside the muscle cells, the lactate is transferred to the liver where gluconeogenesis occurs. Gluconeogenesis converts lactate into glucose (is supplied to the muscles through the bloodstream) by converting the glucose first into pyruvate. The Cori cycle needs multiple cells for its effectiveness. If it were limited / confined to one cell, the entire process would fail. 2. Construct a dynamic diagram to show the doctor why the citric acid cycle is central to aerobic metabolism. Note: A dynamic diagram should be clearly labeled and include arrows to show movement and interactions. The citric acid cycle is the first stage in metabolism which consists of removing high-energy electrons from carbon fuels (left). Those electrons then generate a steep proton high (middle), which creates adenosine triphosphate (ATP )(right). The two together (the entire process / synthesis) creates aerobic metabolism (Berg JM, Tymoczko JL, Stryer L. (2002)). 3. Explain where in the citric acid cycle a hypothetical defect of an enzyme could occur that prevents an increase in adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production in response to an increased energy need and how the products of the citric acid cycle are converted into ATP. The citric acid cycle generates electrons from carbon fuels. ATP is created by the citric acid cycle extracting the electrons from the coenzyme CoA and using these electrons to create and synthesize NADH and FADH2. electrons released in the reoxidation of NADH and FADH2 flow through a series of membrane proteins which then flow through the ATP pathway to produce ATP from ADP and from the non-organic phosphate. The hypothetical defect of the enzyme would come about in electrons released by NADH and FADH2.( Berg JM, Tymoczko JL, Stryer L. (2002) 4. Explain the role of coenzyme Q10 in ATP synthesis as part of the electron transport chain. Coenzyme Q. carries the electrons to the cytochrome bc1 pathway which also breaks down enzymes into fructose and energy via metabolism and generates 95% of the body's energy in the form of ATP. Since the molecule can exist in both a completely reduced and oxidized form, it can perform both functions simultaneously. (Huntington's Disease Outreach Project for Education at Stanford) Sources Berg JM, Tymoczko JL, Stryer L. (2002) Biochemistry. 5th edition. New York: WH Freeman Cross NC, de Franchis R, Sebastio G, et al. (1990). Molecular analysis of aldolase B. genes in hereditary fructose intolerance. Lancet 335 (8685): 306 -- 9 Huntington's Disease Outreach Project for Education at Stanford Coenzyme Q10: An Antioxidant Drug http://www.stanford.edu/group/hopes/treatmts/antiox/ceq1.html Genetics Home Ref. Hereditary fructose intolerance http://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/condition/hereditary-fructose-intolerance Read the full article

[abbeysun]

Characteristics of Solvent-Based Gravure Inks and Their Relationship with Printing

Solvent-based gravure printing inks consist of pigments, resins, additives, and a significant amount of solvents, making the ink relatively thin. The drying process of solvent-based gravure inks is volatile, which makes them suitable for printing on paper, films, aluminum foil, and other materials. Given that gravure printing presses operate at high speeds and deposit a thick ink layer, it is essential to understand the impact of ink properties like thixotropy, flowability, viscosity, and drying speed on print quality. This knowledge is crucial for enhancing the quality of printed materials.

Thixotropy

Thixotropy refers to the change in the flow properties of ink under the influence of external forces. Specifically, it is the phenomenon in which a suspension or dispersion thins when stirred and thickens again when left undisturbed. Generally, high-quality inks have low thixotropy, allowing them to be used directly on the press without special treatment. However, inks without thixotropy tend to experience sedimentation, which is not ideal. In general, white, yellow, and cyan inks have low thixotropy, while magenta and black inks exhibit higher thixotropy. The thixotropy of inks is influenced by the following factors:  1. Properties of the Pigment: For example, carbon black pigments treated with ozone have significantly lower thixotropy compared to untreated ones.  2. Pigment Particle Size: Smaller pigment particles result in lower thixotropy, while larger particles cause higher thixotropy.  3. Pigment Quantity: Larger amounts of pigment can cause coagulation between pigment molecules, which increases thixotropy.  4. Molecular Weight of the Resin: Inks with high molecular weight resins but low n-heptane values tend to have higher thixotropy, and vice versa.  5. Pigment Wettability: Inks with better wettability of pigments generally have lower thixotropy. Some ink manufacturers pre-disperse pigments in the production of black inks to improve wettability and reduce thixotropy. For solvent-based gravure printing inks, an appropriate level of thixotropy is required. If thixotropy is too high, the ink may exhibit poor leveling, viscosity control issues, and can result in printing defects like mottle or orange peel. If thixotropy is too low, dot gain may increase, causing text and lines to appear thicker.

Flowability

The flowability of solvent-based gravure printing inks is a comprehensive reflection of factors such as relative density, viscosity, thixotropy, and cohesion. To achieve optimal flowability, the ink must have suitable viscosity, good pigment wettability, and a balanced pigment concentration, while minimizing thixotropy. When testing the flowability of ink, aside from measuring its flow time using a #4 or Zahn #3 cup, the amount of ink remaining on the cup wall compared to the amount that flowed out is also important. With a fixed viscosity, the smaller the ratio of retained ink to flowing ink, the better the flowability. If the ink’s flowability is poor, printing faults such as uneven ink transfer or print defects are likely to occur.

Viscosity

Viscosity in solvent-based gravure inks is closely related to flowability, and maintaining the correct viscosity is key to ensuring effective ink transfer. Although many factors, such as resin type, ink adhesion, printing speed, pressure, substrate material, and environmental conditions, influence ink transfer, viscosity remains a critical factor. The relationship between viscosity and transfer rate is depicted in the diagram below. Factors affecting viscosity in solvent-based gravure inks include:  1. Viscosity of the Resin Solution: Higher resin viscosity increases ink viscosity, and vice versa.  2. Pigment-Resin Compatibility: If pigments react with the resin and cause coagulation, the ink’s viscosity increases.  3. Solvent and Dispersant Compatibility: If solvents dilute the dispersants at any ratio, the ink’s viscosity will decrease.  4. Temperature: Lower temperatures increase ink viscosity, while higher temperatures reduce it. Low viscosity in solvent-based gravure inks can result in issues such as pinholes, uneven color coverage, rough patches, or poor adhesion, leading to print defects. On smooth surfaces, ink adhesion may be weak, and on paper substrates, powdering or flaking may occur. Conversely, high viscosity can cause issues like scratching, color bleeding, plate flooding, and “orange peel” defects.

Conclusion

In the design and production of solvent-based gravure printing inks, it is crucial to select compatible pigments, resins, and solvents to achieve the desired initial viscosity. Printers should use appropriate solvent blends, preferably provided by the original ink manufacturer, to adjust the ink to its optimal “working viscosity” for printing. This ensures high-quality printed results. Furthermore, ink viscosity is also influenced by printing speed. Typically, faster printing speeds require lower ink viscosity to achieve optimal ink transfer. Solvent-based gravure printing inks are volatile inks, meaning that when solvents evaporate from the wet ink film, it transitions from liquid to solid. The rate at which solvents evaporate directly affects the drying speed of the ink. In designing and manufacturing solvent-based gravure printing inks, a mix of medium, low, and high boiling-point solvents is typically chosen to meet drying requirements. Incorrect resin selection, low softening points, poor solvent release from resins, or excessive high-boiling solvents can slow down solvent evaporation and result in residual solvent in the cured ink film. When formulating solvent-based gravure printing inks, resins are typically selected first, followed by solvents. Solvents with similar solubility parameters to the materials being dissolved tend to dissolve more easily and evaporate faster. However, the presence of pigments reduces solvent evaporation rates, especially if the pigments are large. Additionally, environmental factors such as higher ambient temperature, lower relative humidity, and faster air circulation increase the evaporation rate of solvents.

Explore our book printing services on the printing in China page. Common printing issues caused by improper drying include:  1. Ink drying too quickly at certain printing speeds can cause plate flooding, scratching, ink whitening, poor gloss, and leveling issues.  2. In multi-color printing, slow drying can result in roller adhesion or ink smearing during the next printing station, leading to print defects. The evaporation rate of solvents in ink depends not only on their boiling point, vapor pressure, and latent heat of evaporation but also on factors such as printing environment temperature, relative humidity, air flow, and ink layer thickness. Therefore, ink solvent evaporation rates should be adjusted based on varying conditions. Under normal production conditions, if ink dries too quickly, slow-drying diluents should be added. If ink dries too slowly, fast-drying diluents should be used. Where possible, printing environments should be controlled between 18-25°C, with relative humidity kept below 65% to stabilize ink performance.

[pinnaclevastu]

Enhance Harmony and Prosperity with Vastu Products from Pinnacle Vastu

In today’s fast-paced world, maintaining a balance of peace, harmony, and prosperity in our homes and workplaces has become essential. One way to achieve this balance is by integrating Vastu Shastra principles into our spaces. At Pinnacle Vastu, we offer a range of carefully curated Vastu products designed to promote positive energy flow, correct imbalances, and create a harmonious environment. Here, we explore the significance of Vastu products and how they can transform your space.

What Is Vastu Shastra?

Vastu Shastra is an ancient Indian science of architecture that emphasizes the alignment and orientation of buildings to harness positive cosmic energy. Rooted in the five elements — earth, water, fire, air, and space — Vastu Shastra aims to create spaces that are in harmony with natural forces. Following Vastu guidelines can help improve health, prosperity, and overall well-being.

Importance of Vastu Products

Vastu products are tools and remedies used to address any imbalances in a space that may hinder the natural flow of positive energy. These items are designed to minimize the effects of unfavorable structures, directions, or arrangements in a building. By using Vastu products from Pinnacle Vastu, you can transform your space into a hub of positive energy and productivity.

Popular Vastu Products at Pinnacle Vastu

1. Vastu Pyramids Vastu pyramids are powerful tools that attract positive energy and eliminate negative forces. They are widely used to correct Vastu defects and enhance the flow of good energy. Pyramids can be placed in various parts of the home or office to achieve specific effects, such as improving focus, promoting financial growth, or reducing stress.

2. Vastu Crystals Crystals have long been associated with healing and energy balancing. Vastu crystals, like clear quartz or rose quartz, are known for their ability to harmonize energy fields and eliminate negativity. Place these crystals in specific areas as per Vastu guidelines to promote peace and prosperity.

3. Laughing Buddha A popular symbol of wealth and happiness, the Laughing Buddha brings positivity and joy to any space. According to Vastu Shastra, placing a Laughing Buddha statue in the right direction can attract financial success and joy, making it a wonderful addition to your home or office.

4. Wind Chimes Wind chimes are known to dispel negative energy and attract prosperity. The gentle sound of wind chimes can enhance the energy flow in your space, creating a calm and harmonious atmosphere.

5. Vastu Yantras Yantras are sacred geometric diagrams that represent cosmic energies. They serve as powerful tools for concentration, meditation, and enhancing positive vibrations. The Shri Yantra, for example, is often placed in a house to attract wealth and prosperity.

6. Salt Lamps Himalayan salt lamps are not only beautiful decor items but also help purify the air, reduce stress, and enhance the flow of positive energy. Their gentle light promotes tranquility and relaxation, making them a great addition to your living space.

7. Indoor Plants Certain plants, such as money plants and bamboo, are believed to bring prosperity and growth according to Vastu principles. They enhance the air quality while adding a touch of greenery, creating a refreshing environment.

How to Choose the Right Vastu Products

Choosing the right Vastu products depends on the areas in your home or workplace where energy imbalances may exist. Our experts at Pinnacle Vastu can guide you in selecting the best products suited to your specific needs. By analyzing the layout of your space and understanding your objectives, we can recommend products that will work harmoniously with your environment.

Why Choose Pinnacle Vastu?

At Pinnacle Vastu, we are dedicated to helping you create a balanced and positive space that aligns with the principles of Vastu Shastra. Each of our Vastu products is selected for its authenticity, quality, and effectiveness. Our team of Vastu experts is always available to assist you in choosing the right products to transform your space and welcome prosperity, health, and happiness into your life.

Conclusion

Embrace the power of Vastu products to enhance the energy flow in your surroundings. At Pinnacle Vastu, we offer a variety of Vastu products that are not only aesthetically pleasing but also bring harmony, positivity, and prosperity to your space. Begin your journey to a balanced life with Vastu products that resonate with nature’s elements and experience the profound effects on your well-being.

Read more on:

[astrology12]

Best Vastu Yantra For Home

Best Vastu Yantra For Home: A Complete Guide

Introduction

Vastu Yantra, an ancient Indian architectural science tool, has been used for centuries to create harmony and positive energy in living spaces. These sacred geometric devices are believed to correct Vastu defects and enhance the flow of positive energy in homes. In this comprehensive guide, we'll explore the most effective Vastu Yantras for your home and how to use them to maximize their benefits.

Understanding Vastu Yantra

A Yantra is a mystical diagram composed of geometric patterns that serves as an instrument of energy balancing. When combined with Vastu principles, these powerful tools can help neutralize negative energies and enhance positive vibrations in your living space. Each Yantra has specific properties and benefits, making it essential to choose the right one for your home's needs.

Top Vastu Yantras for Home

1. Sampoorna Vastu Yantra (Complete Vastu Yantra)

The Sampoorna Vastu Yantra is considered the most powerful and comprehensive Yantra for home use. This master Yantra incorporates all essential elements of Vastu Shastra.

Benefits: 

- Neutralizes all Vastu doshas (defects)

- Creates overall harmony in the household

- Promotes prosperity and well-being

- Balances the five elements

- Protects against negative energies

Placement: 

- Main entrance of the house

- Living room

- Prayer room

- Office space

2. Pyramid Vastu Yantra

The Pyramid Vastu Yantra is a three-dimensional device that helps maintain energy balance in your home.

Benefits: 

- Enhances positive energy flow

- Reduces electromagnetic radiation

- Improves concentration and focus

- Promotes better sleep

- Helps in stress reduction

Placement: 

- Center of the house

- Below electronic devices

- Study room

- Bedroom

3. Vastu Dosh Nivaran Yantra

This specialized Yantra is designed specifically to correct Vastu defects in existing structures.

Benefits: 

- Corrects architectural flaws

- Minimizes the impact of Vastu violations

- Brings harmony to irregular-shaped properties

- Balances energy in multi-story buildings

- Neutralizes negative effects of structural constraints

Placement: 

- Areas with Vastu defects

- Corners with missing sections

- Extended portions of the house

- Cut portions of the plot

4. Matsya (Fish) Yantra

The Matsya Yantra represents abundance and protection from negative influences.

Benefits: 

- Attracts wealth and prosperity

- Protects from financial losses

- Enhances business growth

- Promotes career advancement

- Brings stability in finances

Placement: 

- North direction

- Office or workplace

- Cash storage areas

- Business establishments

5. Trishul Yantra

The Trishul (Trident) Yantra is known for its protective properties and ability to ward off negative energies.

Benefits: 

- Provides protection from evil eyes

- Removes obstacles

- Enhances spiritual growth

- Builds mental strength

- Creates a protective shield around the house

Placement: 

- Main entrance

- Prayer room

- Children's room

- External walls

How to Choose the Right Vastu Yantra

Factors to Consider

1.   Purpose and Need: 

   - Identify specific problems you want to address

   - Understand the primary function of each Yantra

   - Consider the overall energy requirements of your space

2.   Home Layout: 

   - Analyze your home's architecture

   - Identify Vastu violations

   - Consider the direction and placement options

3.   Material Quality: 

   - Choose authentic materials

   - Verify the craftsmanship

   - Ensure proper energization

4.   Size and Proportions: 

   - Select appropriate size for the space

   - Maintain proper proportions

   - Consider visibility and aesthetic appeal

Proper Installation and Activation

Installation Guidelines

1.   Cleansing the Yantra: 

   - Clean with pure water

   - Use sacred herbs if recommended

   - Keep the Yantra wrapped in red cloth until installation

2.   Auspicious Timing: 

   - Choose an auspicious day and time

   - Consult a Vastu expert if needed

   - Consider planetary positions

3.   Installation Process: 

   - Follow directional guidelines

   - Maintain proper alignment

   - Use appropriate mounting methods

4.   Activation Ritual: 

   - Perform recommended prayers

   - Use specific mantras

   - Complete the energization process

If you want to learn Vastu Shastra, join Best Vastu Course now.

Maintenance and Care

Regular Maintenance

1.   Cleaning: 

   - Dust regularly

   - Use appropriate cleaning methods

   - Avoid harsh chemicals

2.   Energetic Maintenance: 

   - Periodic recharging

   - Regular prayers and mantras

   - Seasonal cleansing

3.   Physical Care: 

   - Protect from direct sunlight

   - Avoid moisture exposure

  - Handle with respect

Combining Yantras for Maximum Benefits

Strategic Placement

1.   Complementary Combinations: 

   - Understand yantra interactions

   - Avoid conflicting energies

   - Create balanced arrangements

2.   Room-specific Combinations: 

   - Living room combinations

   - Bedroom arrangements

   - Office space setups

Common Mistakes to Avoid

1.   Installation Errors: 

   - Incorrect direction placement

   - Wrong room selection

   - Improper mounting height

2.   Maintenance Mistakes: 

   - Neglecting regular cleaning

   - Improper handling

   - Forgetting energetic maintenance

3.   Selection Errors: 

   - Choosing wrong Yantra for specific needs

   - Overlooking quality for price

   - Ignoring authenticity

Benefits of Using Multiple Yantras

1.   Enhanced Energy Flow: 

   - Complete coverage of living space

   - Balanced energy distribution

   - Stronger protective field

2.   Comprehensive Protection: 

   - Multiple layers of security

   - Different aspects of life covered

   - Complete Vastu compliance

Expert Tips for Maximum Benefits

1.   Regular Consultation: 

   - Periodic Vastu assessment

   - Expert guidance for changes

   - Professional maintenance advice

2.   Energy Enhancement: 

   - Use of complementary practices

   - Integration with other Vastu elements

   - Seasonal adjustments

3.   Documentation: 

   - Keep installation records

   - Maintain maintenance schedule

   - Track positive changes

Conclusion

Vastu Yantras are powerful tools for creating harmony and positive energy in your home. By choosing the right combination of Yantras and maintaining them properly, you can create a balanced, prosperous, and peaceful living environment. Remember that authentic Yantras, proper installation, and regular maintenance are key to experiencing their full benefits.

Whether you're dealing with specific Vastu defects or simply want to enhance the positive energy in your home, there's a Yantra combination that can help. Take time to understand your needs, consult with experts when necessary, and approach the selection and installation process with reverence and attention to detail.

By following the guidelines in this comprehensive guide, you can make informed decisions about incorporating Vastu Yantras into your home and maximize their beneficial effects on your life and well-being. Remember that patience and consistency in maintaining these sacred tools will lead to the best results in creating a harmonious living space.

Read Also:- Understanding Ketu in Vedic Astrology

[scrsoft]

Difference Between APQP and PPAP

APQP meaning Advanced Product Quality Planning and PPAP stands for Production Part Approval Process are essential tools for ensuring that products developed, produced, and distributed meet customer quality standards. Without APQP or PPAP being part of the process, there is a potential risk of unhappy customers due to critical defects not detected during development - leading to wasted resources, reputational damage as well as dissatisfaction with product performance.

Understanding APQP and PPAP Difference

To produce successful products and maintain customer satisfaction, quality management is essential. APQP and PPAP work together to achieve this result. The former for product development while the latter upholds consistency in production across a supply chain. We will now evaluate how APQP methodically creates new items, PPAP's role preserving uniformity throughout all stages of a product life cycle, and why having control plans is important.

APQP: A Structured Approach for New Products

APQP, or Advanced Product Quality Planning, is a critical process in product development that focuses on creating quality plans for services and products which meet customer specifications.

Through an organized and comprehensive approach involving various steps such as risk-based tools/techniques used during the planning phase of APQP to aid design processes & guarantee high standards. There's also control through service processing QA, packaging practices, & continuous improvement measures, this makes sure customers are satisfied with what they get from the supply chain. It all requires participation from a Cross Functional Team made up of experts in engineering/manufacturing/quality etc...

PPAP: Ensuring Consistent Production and Quality

The Production Part Approval Process (PPAP) is an essential component of APQP that ensures quality and consistency in production through process capability assessment. This part approval process consists of various documents, including design records, engineering change forms, customer approved designs as well as flow diagrams which guarantee the satisfactory result to customers expectations for parts being produced by suppliers.

Throughout this APQP system, PPAP plays a vital role in confirming reliable replication of product formation from a supplier perspective. If results are found to be lacking, then there must be investigation into deficiencies caused by elements in APQP PPAP checklist within the overall planning procedure.

It can be seen that with the APQP framework, PPAP stands tall ensuring full certainty regarding established standards when producing required items so that they meet desired requirements set out by clients on a continual basis.

Comparing APQP vs PPAP

In order to understand how different APQP vs PPAP and how they are interconnected in different industries, we need to look at the bigger picture of APQP that is composed out of numerous components.

Process design development and product validation are only some elements while continuous improvement stands as a firm principle within this frame. Meanwhile, PPAP concentrates on attaining both quality assurance during production processes plus consistent output overall.

It becomes clear what kind of role process plays when discussing these two measures - specifically process management being an essential aspect contributing towards reliable performance through controlling stages such as design/development for products or regular checking via testing which then allows corrective action where necessary so eventual optimization can be achieved along with meeting desired goals set prior by oneself (or organization).

APQP as a Broader Framework

APQP is a process designed to ensure customer satisfaction by providing product quality and comprehensive validation of processes. The components of APQP include: product design, development, and process creation. As well as validating the products produced through this method, feedback & corrective actions for improvement form part of achieving the core objectives set out in this framework.

PPAP then comes into play within these parameters verifying whether production can meet customers expectations with regard to necessary quality management procedures such as statistical process control (SPC) making adjustments where required or needed.

Both frameworks work hand-in-hand ensuring maximum effectiveness when it comes to meeting prescribed requirements associated with quality assurance across various stages throughout an organization's development cycle while satisfying customer needs at all times.

PPAP as a Component of APQP

The relationship between APQP and PPAP processes is paramount to guarantee successful quality control. PPAP results are essential for verifying a supplier's capability in replicating the production of parts, being indicative of how effective the APQP process was carried out. If customer expectations aren't met by such results, an investigation may be necessary to pinpoint any potential errors within the company's management system that could potentially cause issues down the line.

It is vital for companies to pay attention both to their APQP and their PPAP requirements since this guarantees product conformity with clients standards. We can observe they serve hand-in-hand when carrying our accountability measures during feedback analysis.

APQP or PPAP in Different Industries

The application of PPAP/APQP processes have been applied in various industries, such as aerospace and defense, automotive, consumer goods manufacturing, heavy industrial settings and medicine. Every one requires its own specific guidelines for successful implementation into the workflow process.

It is important to recognize that though they originated from car production lines - with a history going back decades - advanced product quality planning and Production Part Approval Processes remain useful tools today which enable dynamic optimization not just in auto manufacturing but other arenas too.

AS9145: APQP and PPAP for Aerospace and Defense

The AS9145 standard applies to the aerospace and defense industries, adapting APQP/PPAP processes. These have been integrated into a unified framework that aligns with other industry standards such as: AS9100, AS9102, AS9103 & AS9110. With this adapted approach, companies can benefit from early defect detection along with an effective system of risk management in order to comply within these particular sectors.

This tailored form helps suppliers adhere to customer requirements when producing quality products backed by structured control processes including measurement system analysis which help maintain valid production systems adhering strictly safety regulations for airworthy components. This enables organizations to produce high-quality items at par stringent specifications set forth by these segments guaranteeing reliability.

Through combining the power of APQP & PPAP coupled up precisely according to what is needed specifically for Aerospace and Defense sector it permits corporations to deliver product consistent with requirements, benefiting everyone involved. Customers receive superior results while manufacturers are able to boost productivity all together making sure they remain competitive edge without compromising on safe functioning products delivered right time anywhere required.

Automotive Industry Applications

The Automotive Industry Action Group (AIAG) provides detailed instructions for the implementation of PPAP and APQP in order to make sure that products are up to quality standards.

These core tools, which have been adopted within the auto industry, help automotive companies minimize risks related to defects while simultaneously leading to increased customer satisfaction through high product value and cost-effective solutions.

By utilizing these processes, including but not limited to APQP and PPAP, organizations gain access to a range of key benefits. Greater assurance around quality, reduced risk associated with defective materials or components, as well as improved consumer satisfaction levels overall.

It's clear why such methods remain central factors for businesses within this sector when it comes to attaining superior product qualities & user experiences alike!

Conclusion

In conclusion, while APQP and PPAP serve distinct purposes in the realm of quality management, they are interconnected processes that are essential for ensuring the success of manufacturing operations. By understanding the differences and leveraging the strengths of each methodology, manufacturers can optimize their processes, minimize risks, and deliver products that meet or exceed customer expectations.

FAQs

What is APQP?

APQP stands for Advanced Product Quality Planning, a methodology for ensuring product quality throughout the lifecycle.

What is PPAP?

PPAP stands for Production Part Approval Process, which validates the production processes and components.

How do APQP and PPAP differ?

APQP focuses on quality planning, while PPAP validates production processes and components.

Why are APQP and PPAP important in manufacturing?

APQP and PPAP help ensure product quality, minimize risks, and comply with industry standards.

Can APQP and PPAP be used interchangeably?

No, APQP and PPAP serve different purposes in the quality management process.

[neelgamesartanddesign]

Practice 1: Development Project 2

Development 2(Places of Mind) Blog 1

From Sketch to Samurai: Chiseling and Decorating a Hero Being developed 02

Improvement 01 thundered with wistfulness, yet Venture 02 requested an alternate sort of enthusiasm: the samurai warrior's meticulous precision and unwavering determination. Today, I dig into the fashion of imagination, sharing my excursion of making a samurai character, from the underlying calculated coals to the finished last structure.

Reference Meeting: The way of 1,000 cuts starts with a solitary brushstroke. My process began with a journey through Artstation's blessed lobbies. Amazing samurai craftsmanship, both adapted and photorealistic, powered my creative mind. However, in order to achieve the highest level of authenticity, I turned to photographs taken in actual situations, capturing the gleam of armor, the movement of silk robes, and the weathered expressions etched by ancient battles. This mix of imaginative vision and authentic establishing turned into my directing light.

Work process Waypoints: With references close by, I diagrammed my course. My handy dandy horse? ZBrush, a computerized chiseling sanctuary. Here, I started with rough shapes to hide the basic body proportions of the samurai. Under the digital clay, each muscle ripple and armor plate took shape, gradually evolving from primitive forms into formidable warriors.

Life systems Speculative chemistry: However, a fighter is more than muscles. My motto became anatomy accuracy. Hours were spent concentrating on references, carefully enumerating ligaments, veins, and the unobtrusive play of bone underneath the skin. This profundity, inconspicuous under protective layer, was the establishment for conceivable development and a persuading depiction regarding samurai ability.

From Stone to Paint: When the chiseling ensemble arrived at its crescendo, the time had come to paint the hero's material. Substance Painter ventured onto the stage, offering a gold mine of surfaces and devices. Here, I reinvigorated the chilly mud, layering endured metal for the protection, rich silks for the robes, and unobtrusive defects that murmured of past fights. Each brushstroke, each fastidious detail, added a layer of history and authenticity to the person.

Advancement 02, nonetheless, has previously yielded its own triumphs. It's been a masterclass in physical review, a trial of chiseling persistence, and a festival of verifiable detail. In any case, in particular, an update even the most pixelated pixels can hold the spirit of a hero, ready to be released.

[duardius]

geometric proportion

in the 1st illustration is set* an unattributed latin aphorism selected by wolfgang von wersin to inaugurate the 2nd chapter, entitled «Vom Rechteck», of his book Das Buch vom Rechteck [otto maier verlag, ravensburg, 1956, p18]. von wersin translates into german: «Das Rechteck ist in sich vollkommen und ohne Fehl».¹

the leading proponent of geometric proportion in typographical grid design, hans rudolf bosshard, speaking of irrational proportions tells us: «Wolfgang von Versin, der ihnen ein eindrückliches Buch gewidmet hat, glaubt an die ästhetische Wirkkraft der durch Zirkelschläge gewonnenen Rechtecke und zeigt dies an Beispielen von Architektur und Design auf.»² [Regel und Intuition, wallstein, göttingen, 2015, p30]. Das Buch vom Recteck details von wersin’s system of harmonious proportion based upon a series of twelve rectangles that von wersin terms orthogons. in the 2nd illustration von wersin cleverly derives the twelve orthogons in a composite diagram he calls die orthegon-scheibe, & explains: «Die zwölf Orthogone sind alle in einer Konfiguration von vier konzentrischen, auf ein Quadrat bezogenen Kreisen enthalten. Die einzelnen Orthogone sind durch ihre Diagonalen und ihre Zeichen dargestellt.» ³ [op. cit., p34.]

———— * set in monotype bodoni [lanston monotype 375]; letterpress on hahnemühle ingres, black.

¹ the rectangle is in itself perfect & without defect. [my translation] perfect & without defect seem the same thing—tautologous; but perhaps i’m misinterpreting.

² wolfgang von wersin, who dedicated an impressive book to them [irrational proportions], believes in the aesthetic effectiveness attained via rectangles derived from compass arcs, & demonstrates this with examples from architecture & design. [my translation]

³ the twelve orthogons are all derived in a configuration of four concentric circles drawn out from a rectangle. individual orthogons are denoted by their respective diagonal & symbol. [my translation]

[ayejayque]

The Models & Tools of Total Quality Management

Total Quality Management Models Total Quality Management or TQM happens due to the tandem between the management and the employees. It enables workers to concentrate on quality and to go all-out to shine in whatever they do. According to TQM, customer feedback and expectations are very important when formulating and implementing new strategies. A lot of management gurus have contributed to the concept of TQM. They are Drucker, Juran, Deming, Ishikawa, Crosby, Feigenbaum, and many others. Many models of TQM exist. One glove doesn’t fit all. Organizations need to know which one they should select as per their environment and business practices. The models of total quality management: - Deming Application Prize - Malcolm Baldrige Criteria for Performance Distinction - European Foundation for Quality Management - ISO Quality Management Standards TQM starts with understanding customers, their needs, and their expectations. The customer data must be collected meticulously. Data collection methods should be foolproof. This helps to understand the target customers and their behavior. Business marketers need to know the demographics of the customers along with their needs and expectations. They must fully know their products in terms of customer needs and demands. TQM demands meticulous planning and research. It integrates customer feedback with relevant information. This helps to plan and design effective strategies to achieve high-quality goods. These strategies must be evaluated and reviewed periodically. Customers are satisfied when products meet their expectations and are good value for their money. Their experience with the organization must be pleasant. This ensures repeat business. Nonstop improvements and modifications in the current processes are necessary to yield higher profits. Processes can’t be the same forever.  If a customer complains, find out the cause of the problem. Rectify the problem by using the correct TQM model. This ensures a high-quality product. Without the contribution of each and every employee, TQM would fail. Quality Management Tools Quality Management is used to collect and analyze data to comprehend and infer information. These models require widespread planning and gathering pertinent information about the end-users. Customer feedback and expectations need to be observed and assessed to deliver top-end products. Quality Management tools help to identify problems that are occurring repeatedly along with their root causes. Quality Management tools improve the products and services. Workers can easily collect the data as well as organize it. This results in a good analysis of the same. Subsequently, concrete solutions are devised for better-quality products. The following are QM tools: - Checklist - Pareto Chart - Fishbone Diagram - Histogram - Scatter Diagram - Graphs What is Kaizen? – The 5 S of Kaizen “Kaizen” is a Japanese word meaning “improvement” or “a good change.” Kaizen is a continuous effort by each and every employee to improve all processes and systems of a business. If you ever work for a Japanese company, you will understand the importance that they give to Kaizen. Kaizen helps Japanese companies to outshine their rivals. They religiously adhere to a certain set of policies and rules to eliminate defects and ensure superior quality thereby gaining customer satisfaction. Kaizen works on the following principle. “Change is for the better.”Kaizen is the “continuous improvement of processes and functions through change”. It brings continuous small improvements in the overall processes. The Japanese feel that small continuous changes in the systems and policies are better than Major changes. It aims at continuous improvement of processes in manufacturing and all other departments. Kaizen is a collective responsibility of all who are linked with the organization. Every individual needs to contribute through small improvements & changes in the system. Five S of Kaizen The “Five S” is a systematic approach for foolproof systems, standard policies, rules, and regulations for a healthy work culture. You would hardly find a Japanese worker unhappy or dissatisfied. Japanese employees never foul mouth about their organization. Kaizen makes a well-organized workplace. This improves productivity and yields better results. It nurtures employees to feel connected to the organization. Let us know the five S. They are:   - SEIRI –This means “Sort Out”. Workers are expected to sort out their things. Label the items as “Necessary,” Critical,” “Most Important,” “Not important now”, “Useless” and so on. Get rid of all useless stuff. Keep aside what is not needed at present. Critical stuff must be kept safe. - SEITION –This means “Organize”. Workers waste precious time searching for items and important documents. Every item should have a designated place. - SEISO –This means “Shine the workplace”. The workstation should be clutter-free and clean. Filing should be done properly. Drawers and cabinets should store your organized items. - SEIKETSU-SEIKETSU – This means “Standardization”. All businesses have rules, procedures, & policies to ensure superior quality. - SHITSUKE –This means “Self-discipline”. Never work in casuals. Follow all procedures and always carry your identity cards. It gives you a sense of pride and shows your attachment to the organization. Read the full article

[creedinfotech]

Proven Productivity Hacks for Web Developers

As a web developer, you probably have a long list of responsibilities, from ensuring content accessibility to optimising web sites and resolving broken links. Even seemingly unimportant chores can soon accumulate, taking up valuable time that could be used on more crucial outputs. You may greatly increase your productivity by clearly defining and streamlining these duties.

However, productivity involves more than simply the amount of time spent on a task; it also takes into account the quantity and complexity of the steps required to complete it. By streamlining these procedures, errors that could necessitate costly rework are reduced while job time is also decreased. Therefore, streamlining your processes and eliminating unnecessary procedures is the way to go if you want to become a more productive web developer and research web developer hacks.

Utilizing Extensions/Add-ons

By implementing extensions, you can improve the productivity of your process. These add-ons let you customise your workflow to increase productivity and efficiency while enhancing the functionality of the tools and programmes you already have.

Web developers frequently use Visual Studio Code as their text editor of choice because it has a large number of extensions. These additions include Prettier — Code Formatter, which ensures uniformity in code formatting, and Live Server, which enables real-time server-side rendering. Bracket Pair Colorizer, Auto Rename Tag, Error Lens, Git Lens, Intellisense, and Thunder Client are further beneficial VS Code plugins.

Similar to Firefox, Google Chrome is a popular web browser for programmers with a wide range of extensions to personalise the user experience. Usersnap and other extensions make it simple to record and report defects, and Dark Reader’s dark mode for websites lessens eye strain. The Chrome extensions Window Resizer, Colorpick Eyedropper, and Wappalyzer are further useful tools for developers.

These additions enable developers to work more quickly and comfortably, freeing them up to concentrate on writing high-quality code and accomplishing project objectives.

Revamp your to-do list

One of the most elegant tips for web developers is to revamp your to-do list. Our to-do lists are often made in a linear fashion, with things being prioritised from top to bottom. However, our brainiacs don’t always think critically and sequentially. Our listings should represent the more flexible way in which they operate instead.

If you want to spice up your to-do list and make it easier for your brain to comprehend the chores, think about experimenting with some different forms. A mind map, for instance, allows you to write the primary project in the centre of the page and associated thoughts all around it. You can visualise links between jobs and come up with fresh ideas using this method.

Another method is to create a pros and drawbacks list using a Venn diagram. A Venn diagram can assist you in visualising overlapping aspects and better understanding where various options stand because many decisions have some grey areas.

Finally, consider making your to-do list shorter by including only the tasks with the most impact. The benefit of this approach is that you won’t become mired down in unimportant duties and will be able to focus on what is genuinely important. Your to-do list will be more practical and simple the more additional formats you test.

[witchofthesouls]

In Chainsaw Man, Power lets Denji fondle and squeeze her breasts for helping her. She lets him squeeze them three times for the three things he has done for her.

The Lost Light Liasion lets the bots of your choice fondle her breasts and lets them squeeze a certain number of for three amount of times they’ve saved her ass/helped her.

Who are the bots and how do they react?

(If this happened, Ultra Magnus would be so on top of this since there would be mechs that would purposely create trouble to "save" the resident human. He's gonna nip that in the bud since the Lost Light already has too much chaotic energy. So nudity scenarios with Giant!Liaison because I love that concept a lot.)

Whirl eyes your chest in a manner that wouldn't feel off on a gemologist appraising someone's antique jewelry, optic narrowed in serious consideration as he pokes your left boob.

"I don't see the appeal." Whirl taps a claw on his own impressive chest. "My bazongas are bigger."

"Yeah, but can yours bounce?"

"Touché, Fleshlight." Whirl hums, optic following your chest's jiggling motions as you cup and squeeze the soft flesh. "Touché."

_________

Ambulon brushes his servos over the uncovered skin. It's soft and warm and strangely like a really supple protoform. The specialized sensors in his digits and palms pick up your biochemistry, and it buzzes pleasantly to his neural-net.

He filters the temperature readings, hydration levels, and other basic information from the passive scans to just concentrate on the sensation of the innate elasticity, how his digits can press into your protoform, and how it contorts and flexes.

You can't manually shut off your nerves, nor can you inwardly self-manipulate how you perceive sensation. Apparently, in your species a dimmed or lacking pain response is attributed to a sensory-perception defect.

Ambulon is curious how you function on the paltry information from the medical books in your bookcase is very limiting. Theory doesn't always match to application. In general, organics are messy and squishy and so full of so many liquids, but he had traced over the skeleton and muscle tissue within the diagrams, and can't help the heretical thoughts of the familiarity of the structures.

You can't show him the innards of your frame under your guidance; self-surgery is a wonderment to humans but it's common amongst Cybertronian medics. At least well-trained ones or the very experienced ones that survived their ventures.

(Pharma was many, many things, but he had ensured that his staff was well-equipped and well-trained under his perfectionist ways. Even the ex-Decepticon.

Ambulon, to this day, can't tell what was real or falsified by the surgeon. How much was simmering beneath his old CMO...)

He chases away the thought by exploring other areas. Humans are just softer than Cybertronians by design. Some parts are more so than others as he traces your abdomen and your chest area, thumbing over a teat.

"Does your species have something like this?" You ask, voice hitches.

"Yes."

"Oh?"

"Under the old regime," his voice takes on a teaching cadence, "supplementary refineries were deemed obsolete and phased out. Very few frames, think of older schematics off Cybertron or cohorts too far away from public refineries and production, were... allowed to keep such things." Ambulon remembers one of his old gestaltmates, his refineries kept them alive in the combiner process. "It helps refine lower-grades of Energon, even near-usable ones, to something consumable."

Based on the emotion on your face, you're interested in the strange similarities as well.

_________

Swerve's vents sputter as he coughs out a weak cheer and is overwhelmed by Tailgate's complete enthusiasm. Getaway also claps, but Swerve could feel the heat from the mech's plating, despite how unruffled the escapologist appeared.

You twirl around as Swerve sends a quick prayer to the Guiding Hand at the expanse of your back and your bare legs as the fabric floats and takes its sweet time to settle back down.

Tailgate immediately makes a beeline to fuss over the dress and attaches the rest of the accessories.

"You're okay if I adjust the front?" Tailgate asks.

"Go for it, short stack." You admire the glinting gems and subtle, beautiful swirls in the mirror.

And without any sense of shame or embarrassment, Tailgate does it. The minibot pulls it and you up. Swerve takes a large gulp of the complementary cocktail when it turns skin-tight, pressing into your flesh.

"Short stack," you wheeze and your chest heaves. "You're squeezing me here."

Getaway crosses his arms, fingers digging into his plates. He isn't as nonchalant as he tries to be.

"Give me a moment." Tailgate clips on the thin, glossy strands of jewelry over all your body. "I have to get this on before I fix it completely."

When the mech finishes, you look far more stunning and Swerve's vocalizer simply clicks, so he makes it up by whistling and clapping. It isn't missed that Tailgate is used to casual touch as he gives an arm to help you down the podium. Plus, the mech has quite an eye for 'off-world' fashion.

One of the attendants admires Tailgate's handiwork, clicking at a rapid pace as feathers ruffle and soothe, and Swerve hopes that the rest of the team is almost done with whatever they're doing.

"What do you guys think?" You ask, calm with even talons near your face, painting your lips and applying geometric patterns down your cheeks and neck. Whatever the attendant had done to your eyes had made them larger, brighter.

You look something out of old folktales from the outer rings of city-states as the metal strands clink pleasantly as you move, the fabric languidly shifts in a strange, fluid way, defying gravity, rippling across your bare skin like a living covering.

"You look good, Y/N," Getaway says, quite casually. "But I think that set there would look even better."

The burnt gold body jewelry in the case behind you is a dead ringer for Getaway's faceplate. The escapologist gives no other reaction to the flat fields and stares from Swerve and Tailgate, just a happy curve of brightened optics.

[thebiscuiteternal]

For the writing jam -- AU where NHS becomes the Wen spy? Perhaps by fake-defecting to the Wens during the camp? Also optional but a situation where the Nies roll in ready to end the war and find NHS lounging in his Wen robes like "Da-ge! Don't stab me! I killed WRH already btw" would be deeply satisfying to the gremlin-loving sector of my id.

When he takes ill while helping to clean the kitchens, the guards don't take him to an infirmary, or even a field tent.

They lock him in a cell.

Even as his fever climbs higher and disorientation turns to delirium, he still has enough awareness to figure out what's going on. They're trying to force him to drop the ruse.

Breathing hurts too much to laugh.

He doesn't know how long he's been drifting in and out of consciousness when he's quite literally kicked out of bed and dragged down the hall by his hair.

Who the fu-

Oh.

Wen Chao's pissed. Something good must have happened, to have him throwing this kind of tantrum. And throwing him at a bewildered healer.

"Finally found a use for the useless little shit. Keep him alive."

Gradually, he pieces together what's going on from hearing the healer gossiping with the guards; he's the only "student" left. Everyone else either escaped or is dead.

Part of him is relieved.

Part of him is hurt.

Sure, when he can't even stay conscious for more than a shi at a time, he would have only been dead (ha) weight, he's fully aware of that.

But nevermind the fact that he's now stuck bearing the brunt of Wen Chao's childish rages alone, he's now stuck bearing the entire inner family's ire alone. The thought of what Wen Xu -or, worse, Wen Ruohan- might do in retaliation for everyone else having fled under their noses is...

The dread leaves him shivering even as his overheated, overtaxed body sweats and rejects food. The only sleep he gets is when he blacks out.

Shouldn't... shouldn't the medicine be working by now? The healer uses a tube to force it past his gag reflex every two shichen, and yet he still feels so awful.

'Shouldn't your brother have come for you by now?' asks a voice in the back of his head.

'The others abandoned you because they can't stand you.'

'Your own brother doesn't think you're worth rescuing.'

'You're going to die here because he doesn't care.

Oh... oh, he knows what's going on now.

And the next time the voice begins to murmur in his brain, he gives it the answers he knows it wants to hear.

---

They make a point of making him be quiet and be seen. He is now Wen Ruohan's sole personal servant, always at his side and within his reach.

He is never given anything logistically important to do, but that works out better for him. Without needing to concentrate on any of his tasks, he can use his mind for other things.

Like memorizing everything they so carelessly place in front of him.

Names, faces, lists, maps.

He commits it all, using his constant fear as motivation to grind past the usual lack of interest that fogs his mind when forced to read things like this.

He makes note of all other new servants, like the little torture device inventor that his master likes so much.

Hm.

Something's... there's something about that one in particular, starting with the way gold eyes sharpen when they're introduced, as if in recognition.

They haven't met, he would remember that face...

Nevermind.

He has too much on his plate already, most importantly the necessity of finding a way to send out what he's collected without tipping his hand to his master.

An opportunity arises when reports of Wen outposts being razed to the ground by fierce corpses takes his master's attention for what looks to be the entire day.

He slips out of the main bedroom, notes and diagrams hidden in his robes, and makes his way towards one of the dead drops for which he'd destroyed the discovery report.

He's surprised to find someone already there and stuffing a small package into the gap.

He's even more surprised when they turn around and freeze.

Well, well, well.

Tilting his head slightly, Nie Huaisang looks Meng Yao over and smiles for the first time since he got sick all those months ago. "Hello, Yao-ge," he says, pulling his own notes out. "I think you and I should talk."

---

"They'll be here any moment. We should go."

"You can go if you like. I've been waiting almost three years for this."

"He's going to kill you. He's going to kill both of us."

"He won't," Nie Huaisang replies as he calmly flicks his bloody hair back off his shoulders and primly sits down on the corpse they'd both just finished stabbing.

Repeatedly.

Meng Yao takes a deep breath, looking like he might flee anyway despite his reassurances, but when Nie Huaisang offers a hand, he takes hold of it.

The door to the hall slams open.

"Hello, Da-ge!" Nie Huaisang greets the first of their guests cheerfully.

[daddyscornersworld]

8 Steps to go from concept to a million-dollar product

1. Brainstorm ideas

The first action in coming up with a really distinct and also beneficial product is to brainstorm concepts. Otherwise, you may have a terrific suggestion yet no understanding of how to execute it.

Try making a list of all the important things that interest you. These could be leisure activities, tasks, or products that you utilize regularly. For each activity or thing of passion to you, make a checklist of feasible enhancements that could be made in the form of an invention. This can consist of variants of the item or task or helpful attachments. Make a substantial checklist. It is much better to have a lot of ideas than as well a couple of, so proceed to detail till you can consider absolutely nothing else to add.

Keep a journal with you in any way times, to regularly include brand-new things to your possible-invention listing. Maintaining your concepts all arranged in one place, a journal, will certainly additionally assist you to continue to be psychologically clutter-free and also enable you to assess your suggestions at a later day. Don't hurry the brainstorming process. Ideas might not hit you like lightning as well as can need a few weeks or months of detailing ideas before your surprise strikes.

Also see: InventHelp gets great inventions from the mind to the market

2. Choose a suggestion.

When you have invested some time taking into consideration all feasible options, pick your best idea for an invention. Currently, you'll need to hang out thinking about the details of the task. Attract a few illustrations of what you picture your invention will appear like, and afterward take into consideration some important inquiries.

What could you include in improve this item? What regarding your invention is so special that individuals will feel forced to bring it into their lives? Why is your invention so wonderful?

Think of changes that could require to be made. What parts of your invention are unneeded or unneeded? Exists any way to make it much more reliable or less costly to produce?

Consider all aspects of your invention consisting of all the called for parts, as well as vital information about just how it works or what it will do. Keep these responses and ideas in your journal so you can refer back to them.

3. Paper It

This is the first action to patenting your suggestion and also maintaining it from being stolen. You have probably listened to concerning the "inadequate man's patent"-- writing your concept down and also emailing it to on your own in a sealed envelope so you have dated proof of your invention's conception. This journal will certainly become your scriptures throughout the patent process.

4. Study It

You will certainly require to research your suggestion from a legal as well as a service perspective. Before you submit a patent, you need to:

Total an initial patent search. Just because you have not seen your invention does not imply it does not already exist. Before you work with a patent attorney or representative, finish a basic look for totally free at www.uspto.govto make sure no one else has patented your concept. You need to also finish a non-patent "previous art" search. If you discover any sort of artwork or design related to your concept, you can not patent it-- no matter whether a previous patent has been filed.

Sure, your brother thinks your suggestion for a brand-new yard sprinkler is an excellent concept, however that does not indicate your neighbor would certainly acquire one. Even more than 95 percent of all patents never make money for the inventor. Before you invest also much time and also cash right into patenting your invention, do some preliminary research study of your target market.

Also see: how to get my invention off the ground

5. Make a Prototype

A prototype is a model of your invention that puts into practice every one of the things you have written in your inventor's journal. This will certainly demonstrate the style of your invention when you offer it to possible lending institutions and licensees. Do not submit a patent before you have made a prototype. You will often uncover a defect in your initial layout or think about a new feature you would like to include. If you patent your idea before you exercise these kinks, it will certainly be too late to include them in the patent as well as you will certainly take the chance of shedding the patent civil liberties of the new design to someone else.

Right here are some basic guidelines when prototyping your invention:

Begin with an illustration. Before you start the prototyping stage, strategize every one of your suggestions right into your inventor's journal.

Produce a concept mockup out of any type of product that will certainly permit you to produce a 3-D version of your style.

When you're pleased with the mockup, develop a full-working version of your suggestion. Some lots of publications and kits can help you create models. If your invention is something that will certainly cost a great deal of money or is unreasonable to prototype (like an oil refinery process or a new pharmaceutical drug), take into consideration making use of a computer-animated online prototype.

6. Submit a Patent

Now that you have all of the kinks worked out of your design, it's ultimately time to file a patent. There are two primary patents you will certainly need to choose from: a utility patent (for new procedures or makers) or a design patent (for manufacturing new, nonobvious decorative styles). You can compose the patent as well as fill up out the application yourself, yet do not file it yourself up until you have had an experienced patent expert appearance it over. If the invention is truly beneficial, a person will infringe on it. If you do not have a strong patent written by a patent lawyer or representative, you will be pulling your hair out later on when a rival discovers a loophole that allows them to duplicate your concept. It's best to get legal assistance currently to avoid any kind of lawful problems in the future.

When searching for a patent lawyer or representative, bear in mind one thing: If you see them marketed on TELEVISION, escape! Once you are far, far away, comply with these actions to picking the best patent specialist:

Do your research. Have your inventor's journal, prototype, and notes with you. This will conserve them time, and money. This will additionally assist encourage them to deal with you.

Ensure they are signed up with the U.S. Patent and also Trademark Workplace.

Inquire what their technological history is. If your invention is digital, find a patent specialist that is also an electric designer.

Talk about fees. Maintain your concentrate on smaller sized patent firms. They are less costly and also will certainly work much more carefully with you. Accept the approximated total cost before employing your patent expert.

7. Develop a presentation.

With your patent and prototype in hand, you get on the road to success! The next step is making a discussion that completely covers the bases of your invention. You can utilize this to reveal to both possible makers as well as purchasers, although you might create somewhat various versions of your presentation for every purpose.

Ensure that your presentation is professional, whatever means you create it. You can make a PowerPoint, video, or physical presentation-board to reveal. Use lots of beneficial details, diagrams, and also images. Make certain to cover the specs of your item, make use of, and also long-lasting results or benefits. Although it is optional, you might opt to work with a graphic developer to assemble a magnificent discussion for your invention. Making it as aesthetically appealing as possible will certainly urge the passion of manufacturers and buyers alike.

Be certain to have your talking functioned out for the discussion. It's not enough to have excellent diagrams and images, you need to be efficient public speaking. Do not remember notecards, yet have a concept (with the aid of notes if necessary) of every little thing you wish to say and respond to common questions that might be asked.Follow inventhelp Instagram for more help

8. Market Your Invention

Now it's time to determine how you're going to bring your product to market. Develop a service strategy: How will you obtain the cash? Where will you produce the product? Just how will you sell it? Now is a good time to determine if you will produce and also offer the product on your own, or permit it available for sale through an additional firm. When you license your product you will most likely just obtain 2 percent to 5 percent in aristocracy costs. This often scares away inventors that feel they deserve a lot more. Consider the benefit: You will not have the monetary burden associated with maintaining a business. This might wind up making you even more money in the future.

Adhering to these five steps will guarantee a very easy road to patenting your invention. Have perseverance as well as comply with due diligence in your steps to patenting your invention and your years of the difficult job will finally pay off.

[sidpah]

Self-Portrait

I’m too late, ‘cause I’ve already given it all away… I would have you see a different man than the one who types in a foreign land touched by the meddling hands of a dozen different peoples, not looking to trade their culture’s wisdom but to strip the land of all that was of value… I’m as exhausted as these trampled streets, these thrashed jungles infested with foreign soldiers protecting their investments of ruby mines and narcotic crops… These filthy marketplaces mirroring the worst of the west… I feel this land’s pain, sweaty, asshole on fire from weapons-grade curry… Feet bare and stained black from disintegrating sandal felt smelling vaguely of stale vinegar…

One worn mala on left wrist strung from a seed whose name I’m too tired to recall... Night steals precious chemicals of communication… Ramakrishna? Ramirez? Rudraksha! Seeds are homage to a rival deity, Shiva. But he can’t be my rival because I’m a loner, no member of a team. I have no church, no faith, no dogmatic practice…

There are no gods left in Sidpah… they’ve all been driven into the sea… In their place is an amorphous web of beliefs constantly respun to create fresh, deceptively vibrant yet undeniably asymmetrical patterns… Sneezing. Spittle web strung from this bulldog face.

This is not how I would have you envision me. Not ten pounds overweight. Or twenty. Not greasy-scalped and hairy-shouldered. Not in boxers three days worn. Not with fresh semen dripping down inside of chaffed leg. Not delirious or deliriously lonely. Not a fermented berry of a man… Not wrung like a wrong number or my hands on a too-hot, two-handjob sleepless night of grey panel torture and anxiety whispers from the dark hollow faces cursing my room... There’s hardly a man to be seen. Sure, there’re fingers and hormones and tree sprouts of white matter, but this vacancy is my truest fingerprint…

Maybe I’m a long way from knowing anything of value – Maybe all these garish visions are only detours – Mara’s little tricks to keep me from realizing that he doesn’t even exist – From realizing how content I could remain, entwined in vines running tree cloud to packed sod – Kusa grass and prayers are sustenance – Filled with admiration for the holy, I feel lazy and defective. Unable to live up to my own nobility –

Body’s a common machine with subtly varied proclivities – This unit spins on tales of letters and adjectives – faulty electronics, broken strings, healed strangers expecting repetitious miracles… It refuses to sit on cushion for more than a few minutes of banal torture –

Who can I lie to but myself? I’m a bear born in the year of the horse who would rather be a bird cutting the sky over a tropical island free and clear. A bachelor, tried, tested and confirmed – Allow yourself to be there – The backs of my hands look offensively large and rough under this light. They’ll sink like a stone. Shatter a keyboard or a cheekbone. Split a vein down the middle. Play an ugly one-stringed melody. Too rarely thumb bodhi seed mala and chant for purity. Too rarely fold into mudra for health or circulation of prana. Never stroke her cheek, or twist knots in her auric hair, or slip surreptitiously beneath silk blouse... They’re always rough sand mortar and burlap, unwieldy bricks in a room of June bugs. And they are but one-twentieth of the whole… Our best features are sometimes the most ungainly –

Nothing can make you feel more self-conscious than an unsolicited portrait. Well here is my self-portrait whether I like it or not: My bones have turned russet from sweat and oil.  Tanned skin is painted to walls in gobs of brown and red…  Tribal tattoos – Whose tribe are they?  Hoary old stalactites…  I’m all moles and telengiectasia – Red spots threaten bloodletting – Black dots threaten melanoma – Porous brown bones contemplate fractures deprived of nutrients or forced upon by physical labor – Brain lies in wait for AVM to seize its chance – Colon responds same spastic way to grease, parasite or imaginary humiliation – Eyes grow longer causing me to see things closer and closer – Hair follicles poisoned by drugs, recreationally pharmaceutical, or maybe genetics, give up their will to push – Gums infected ruby red rather than healthy coral, so says dentist. Veins are thick with stony plaque – Torso (most dangerous place) thick with roll of collected fat – Heart overworked and underpaid – Adrenal glands jacked up, depleted, now wilted and suffering, unable to respond with proper chemical dialogue – Convenient codified diagrams of peptide sound – Sinuses full and swollen shut, fine steroid mist unable to penetrate packed cavity – Lungs full of soot and yellow phlegm –

Every cell now thriving, still dying – Skin losing elasticity – Will losing control over mind – Erection still works, though one testicle aches like it’s being tapped continually by a tiny spoon – Mandible muscles tight, jaw crunches clicks, teeth grind with stress or over-taught concentration watching repetitions of breath – Blood cells becoming ineffectual against infection – Antibodies awaiting a battle they will eventually lose – Thus far, all wars have been successfully fought – winning streaks can’t last forever – And still I manage to sit and laugh – this trivial life away –

I’m a fictional beast, leaden of feet and shaggy of back. Reptilian face and beady squint eyes size up each flickering movement for a taste of prey I pray never to taste. A pitiful mirror painted on fat chest reflects the vulgarities of the external world, ignoring the vulgar black tain of my own soul...

Disbelief in my own soul reflects the myopia of others that I live to destroy, condemning them to feel equally base – And I grin knowingly, all the while knowing nothing...

Fixating on microscopic sensation of flesh, the intangible workings of my own conscious thoughts… I dwell until they are their own universes, fashioning civilizations of bigotry, torture and carcinogens. I can see clearly with distaste every vile behavior yet reenact, reenact, justify and reenact them all until I swoon from degradation, frustration, stupidity and self-pity...

I can never be a martyr because I lack a cause. Mild disinterest, no more acerbic than a warm glass of soymilk. I’m neither political nor spiritual. Not even secular because I don’t believe in distinctions. I’m a realist who finds all phenomena to be thoroughly unreal... I will leave nearly all stones unturned and all books unread. The meager knowledge accumulated in my lifetime just so many dusty trinkets in a collapsing display case. One leg bound to give out and destroy the few items of relative value buried within... Whose gain? Whose loss? I’m a beggar for salvation. But I’m too proud to take a teacher’s charity... Lift my head to the warm eclipse of Sunrays, devastating in their splendor… And degraded I sigh, sheepishly grin, and turn away where my mind fondles something or someone else, distracting itself from the fact that I will never be attractive to society…

I’m a rare beast. I know what I want and also why I shouldn’t want it. It doesn’t curtail the cravings, but it makes me feel guilty and ridiculous for desiring them in light of this knowledge… Like lusting for a hammer when you have to drive a screw into the wall. Like lusting for a screwdriver when you have no walls or screws. I’m an unfortified mess…

What is a mess? These parts are not this man. There’s no man, but a mash of aggregates held in six-foot net – And these parts are not eternal. They are already replaced! Even this outer shell replaced every twenty-eight days! These transient parts are not even these parts! They are particles of energy with no essence to be ashamed of!

My atoms are shinier than your atoms! My electrons are faster than your electrons! My protons look better in a bikini! My neutrons have reached higher states of meditative bliss!

My anger is crimson and molten as your anger. My love as passionate and fleeting as your love, and my wisdom as deep and true as your wisdom. It’s only our learning, stilted and prejudiced that keeps us from knowing this. That keeps me from knowing that I am not these emotions. I am not these colors, melanin, blood, bile, iron…

I am not this face or hands or organs, not this beard, or these callused soles. I am not a brain running strings of 0s and 1s. I am not recollections of old escapades, not every movie watched or novel read with this body placed in role of protagonist – I am not a list of preferreds, a list of don’t-likes, a list of aspirations, a list of disappointments to be avenged, or sulked upon each day to keep their memories alive – flowers on their headstones… I am not the photograph friends, family, acquaintances carry in their tattered wallets – The image they try to bind me to expecting a scripted response to their own erratic behaviors… Unaware that they are not they as much as I am not I. And I am not an I – I am a We, I am an Us, I am a No! I am a Bah! I am infinitely manageable, malleable, fallible…

My mistakes are empty as all the things I ever got right and then wished like hell I hadn’t... All the battles I ever thought I won. All the dreams I ever woke from disappointed to be awake... Cravings repressed until the cauldron boiled over, and I binged night and day until the urges were sated –(Mara kicked back with a cigar and a smug grin…) All the technology I bought then broke, couldn’t find a use for, discarded or lost on dusty shelves in a cluttered basement – All those times I was inches from death, and relieved, died anyway, unbeknownst to this pathological brain – It can’t comprehend that I’ve already perished, that I’m eternally here, already in my final and only and everlasting incarnation as a sublime manifestation of life eternally creating itself – But if it can’t comprehend it, how was it thought, considered, written, embraced, known? I am more than any of us will ever understand. And maybe this is all there is to know –

[neonberk]

mse 45L lab 6 introduction

Electronic Properties of Materials

DISCLAIMER: i post this in hope it is a helpful guide/for desperate times when you need some guidance. remember our honor code. remember this trust i put in you.

if you wanna see my full report just drop me a dm. ill share it gladly one surviving bear to another.

Graded: 13.5/15

Comments: Good introduction! References are helpful. Maybe a diagram of bandgap/conduction comparisons would make it even better. Also AIP citation has numbers behind punctuation.

Electronic properties of materials are dependent on the electronic structure of materials. In solids (high concentration of atoms), atomic orbitals overlap to produce continuous bands of energy instead of discrete levels as seen in individual molecules. The electronic band structure describes the range of energy levels electrons can exist in, and the band structures of conductors, semiconductors and insulators have distinct differences that explains their conductivity. The most prominent difference is the band gap – the minimum amount of energy required for an electron to move from its ground state (valence band) to the next available energy level (usually in the conduction band if the valence band is filled). For conductors, the valence band is partially filled, so there are open states within the valence band for electrons to move into without requiring significant energy to traverse a band gap¹. For semiconductors and insulators, this is not the case, and the conductivity is directly related to the band gap. Semiconductors have a narrow band gap of less than 2 to 3 eV, while insulators have wide band gaps larger than 3 eV, a threshold that is hard to cross at normal voltages leading to little or no conductivity.

When an energy input (such as thermal) promotes electrons to a higher energy band, it leaves behind a hole in the valence band. Both holes and electrons can work as charge carriers. Holes and electrons can further differentiate semiconductors into two types. Intrinsic semiconductors have a close hole to electron concentration, whereas one of the charge carriers dominates in extrinsic semiconductors. This can be due to the input of substitutional impurity atoms with higher or lower valence than the lattice atoms, known as n-type and p-type doping respectively.

The conductivity of a material is directly affected by its resistivity. Ideally, in perfect crystals, electrons are able to move about freely without resistance. In real crystals, electrons often face resistance due to lattice imperfections and impurities. This is known as residual resistivity. Overall resistivity of a material is the sum of residual resistivity and the thermal contributions from lattice/molecular vibrations², known as Matthiessen’s rule³. For ionic solid insulators, electrical conductivity arises due to the migration of ions when an electric field is applied. The nature of ionic solids disfavors the movement of charged ions within the lattice, so conductivity of ionic solids is directly related to lattice defects, particularly vacancies.

In this experiment, materials of varying conductivity were explored to investigate how temperature change and the presence of impurities affects electrical resistivity, and better understand the nature of electrical conductivity in materials.

<prof>, Chapter 18: Electrical Properties (2021)

<prof>, MSE 45L Laboratory 6: Electronic Properties of Materials (2021).

<gsi>, MSE 45L Lab lecture 6 - Electronic properties of materials (2021)