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tukumoteiog · 5 years

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TRPGフェスに参加してきました。

　お久しぶりです。夏は仕事もイベントも忙しくなかなかblogの更新ができなかった私ですが、先週はようやく短い夏季休暇をもらって「TRPGフェスティバル2019」に参加してきました。スタッフでな！

　TRPGフェスはかつて開催されていたジャパン・ゲーム・コンベンション（JGC）の後継イベントで、熱海の旅館に泊まって2泊3日で寝ても覚めてもTRPGを遊び続ける狂気最高のイベントです。

　僕は知人のお誘いでミニチュアゲームコーナーのスタッフとして参加しました。それぞれ紹介したいミニチュアゲームを持ってきてよいとのことで、「ロード・オブ・ザ・リング・ミニチュアバトルゲーム」（最新の版は“ミドルアース・ミニチュアバトルゲーム”）を持って行きました。

　基本的にはTRPGのイベントなのでミニチュアゲームは近からずも遠からず、という親戚ジャンルでしたが、置いてあるものの見栄えも相まって注目度の高い盛況なブースになりました。

　映画の中で描かれる大合戦だけでなく、TRPGのようにシナリオをなぞって遊ぶこともできる指輪物語ミニチュアゲームですが、今回は短時間で終わる小規模戦ルール「バトルカンパニー」をご用意。なんと4～7体くらいのミニチュアで対戦できて、かつ面白い。障害物を上手く使って闘うミニチュア版サバイバルゲームともいえるルールで、ミニチュアの後ろから覗きこんで敵兵の姿を確認しつつ、戦場の臨場感や緊張を感じることが出来ます。

　そのほか、や「旅の仲間」の大一番、悪鬼バルログと魔法使いガンダルフの戦いを再現するミニゲームや大規模戦の展示など、多くの方に楽しんでいただけました。

　実際、イベント後にスターターセットを購入した方もいらっしゃったり、すでにミニチュアゲームを遊んでいるコミュニティからの発信が少し増えたりといった良い状況も作れたので、ミニチュアゲームコーナーの初回としては成功できたと感じています。

　それにしても、寝ても覚めてもアナログゲームで遊べるというのは最高ですね。最近読んでいる将棋マンガ「ハチワンダイバー」に、賭け将棋で一定額まで貯めないと出られない代わりに衣食住が揃って延々と将棋ができる「独立将棋国家」というアホな空間が出てくるのですが、僕にとってはあんな感じです（TRPGは勝ち負けのゲームではないので殺伐とした感じはありません。あしからず）。永久にアナログゲームやってられるならそうしたいわ！

　そんな僕もコーナーでの就労時間が終わったあとにD&D×ラヴニカのセッションを開かせていただきました。僕のセッションの参加者でも若い方や女性が多く、JGC時代から雰囲気が変わったというのをひしひしと感じます。

「女性に愛されない文化に未来はない」というのは中村聡先生が「マジック五輪の書」に書かれた言葉ですが、TRPGやミニチュアゲームも然り。その点で行くと、今回イベントで開催されていたマーダーミステリーやLARP、脱出ゲームといった体感型かつ演劇要素が多いゲームは遊園地のアトラクション感もあり、男女ともに人気があったように見えました。JGC時代にも「ライブRPG」というホール部屋を歩き回ってレベルを上げてボスに挑んで、というイベントがありましたが、そのカジュアル版かつ豪華版という雰囲気で進化を感じます。

　ミニチュアゲームもロールプレイ的な要素や小物を作る、塗るといったハンドメイド要素があるので男女とも訴求力は高いはず。もし来年も参加できるなら、D&Dのようなミニチュアを使う文化があるTRPGと絡めつつ、「自分のミニチュアを作る、遊ぶ」といったところにも踏み込めるといいなと思います。

　最終日はあいにく台風とぶつかり閉会が少し早まるなどありましたが、無事帰宅。来年も参加するぞー。

　3日間ご一緒させていただいたスタッフの皆様、そしてご参加いただいた皆様ありがとうございました！また遊んでください！

#ミニチュアゲーム #miniature #warhammer #dungeons and dragons #ウォーハンマー #middle earth #lord of the rings #the hobbit #wizkids #gamesworkshop #イベントレポート #TRPG #TRPGフェス

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marketrevenueba · 3 years

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Catalyst Carriers Market Research, Revenue, SWOT, PEST Analysis, Growth Factors, 2021–2028

Reports and Data has recently published a research report on global Catalyst Carriers Market to offer details about recent and emerging market insights to give a comprehensive overview to the users and investors. The report offers details about market size, revenue growth, restraints, growth opportunities and challenges. It also sheds light on players in the global Catalyst Carriers market with details about global position, license agreement, business expansion plans, financial status, revenue contribution, and overall company profiling of each player.

The global Catalyst Carriers market is extremely competitive and consists of various global and regional players. Major players are involved in strategizing various plans such as mergers and acquisitions, partnerships, introduction of new and enhanced products, along with joint ventures.

Prominent players analyzed in the report are :

Ceramtec GmbH, R. Grace & Co., Saint-Gobain, Cabot Corporation, Coorstek Inc., Magma Ceramics & Catalysts, JGC Catalysts and Chemicals Ltd., Pingxiang Gophin Chemical Co., Catalysts & Chemical Specialties, and Christy Catalytics LLC, among others.

Get a sample of the report @ https://www.reportsanddata.com/sample-enquiry-form/2005

Market Overview:

Chemical and manufacturing industry largely caters to a broad range of commodity-related manufacturing and include a wide variety of materials such as sand, gravel, stone, and chemicals. Increasing focus on development of sustainable chemicals and materials, advancements in the development of smart materials such as nanocomposites and other advanced composites, and growing popularity of 3D printing have significantly contributed to revenue growth of the market. In addition, rising emphasis on green building and construction have increased use of renewable resources and this is also a key factor driving market growth.

Product Type Outlook

Activated Carbon

Zeolites

Ceramics

Composition Type Outlook

Sphere

Porous

Ring

Honeycomb

Others

End-Users Outlook

Oil & Gas

Chemical Manufacturing

Others

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The report also offers a detailed regional analysis along with information about which region is expected to account for largest revenue share or register the fastest revenue growth and the key factors contributing to their growth. The regions are analyzed with regards to supply and demand, import/export, production and consumption pattern, market share, revenue contribution, market size, along with a stringent analysis of the key players present in the key regions.

Regional analysis covers the following key regions:

North America (U.S.A., Canada, Mexico)

Europe (U.K., Italy, Germany, France, Rest of Europe)

Asia Pacific (India, Japan, China, South Korea, Australia, Rest of APAC)

Latin America (Chile, Brazil, Argentina, Rest of Latin America)

Middle East & Africa (Saudi Arabia, U.A.E., South Africa, Rest of MEA)

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Medical Adhesives Market Size

Medical Ceramics MarketShare

Face Shield Market Demand

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John W

Head of Business Development

Reports And Data | Web: www.reportsanddata.com

Direct Line: +1-212-710-1370

E-mail: [email protected]

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Expanded Polystyrene (EPS) Market Growth

Rotomoulding Powder Market Analysis

Bio Lubricants Market Share

Medical Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) Market Size

Geotextile Market Trends

Advanced Phase Change Materials Market Statistics

Awning Market Report

#Catalyst Carriers Market Catalyst Carriers Industry Catalyst Carriers Market size Catalyst Carriers Market share Catalyst Carriers Market tr

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javiergutierrezchamorro · 4 years

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Mis nuevos logos por Reflejo Creative

Fue hace algunos años que ReflejoCreative creó el logotipo y el icono que estoy usando actualmente en este blog, y que ha trabajado también para A. Bial Le Métayer o ZonaCasio.com. Con el paso del tiempo me di cuenta que le faltaba algo importante, saber mi dirección, y es que aunque JGC son mis iniciales, sólo los más fieles las identifican con JavierGutierrezChamorro.com. Entonces hablé con…

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whenwashsu-blog · 7 years

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超值必收周年慶特惠組~~美到沒朋友，JILL STUART氣墊粉餅＆粉彩糖磚顏彩盤

最近出的秋妝都太美惹啦！尤其是JILL STUART~~ 除了美美的秋妝，還出了公主風的氣墊粉餅！這個簡直是在呼喚我！所以啦~ 這次周年慶就鎖定了他！！

不過每年的周年慶，JILL STUART都會推出一組特會組這次是花漾寶石彩粧獻禮黑色飾底盒身上點綴著古典時尚花朵圖樣。宛如魅惑的寶石收納盒

花漾寶石彩粧獻禮週慶九折價

粉彩糖磚顏彩盤(限定色)+水潤莓果漾唇彩(限定色)+漾透寶石眼彩凍+雪紡柔光蜜粉6g

整組看來真的超美的若你是JGC會員還送了一個同款的化妝包

腮紅也是限定的特別版喔！連外盒也是美到不行的古典時尚花朵圖樣整組彩妝幫你傳好傳滿只要化妝包裝了這4項可以完成妝容~~

雖然說特惠組很划算，但也要精打細算可別因為超優惠，但買了自已用不到的特惠組我自己覺得周年慶組裡面的腮紅顏色我有類似色眼彩凍我自己沒在用已經是姐姐惹轉為唇膏控與其這樣

whewas 吃喝玩樂BLOG粉絲團：https://www.facebook.com/whenwasblog/ 全文好讀版：http://whenwas.pixnet.net/blog/post/47542248

周年慶這組我似乎就不太適合我啦！就看到了這組剛好是我這次都想買的二個品項的特惠組！！

這次新光南西三月周年慶推出的這組周年慶特惠組非常適合我

就是新推出的柔光美肌持久氣墊粉餅+任一款腮紅送愛戀花鑽化妝箱+2支超熱賣香水及蕾絲折疊手扇 9月剛上市的柔光美肌持久氣墊粉餅NT$900+超滿足虛榮心的氣墊粉盒(付粉撲) NT$400再加上任一款腮紅（我選的是秋妝粉彩糖磚顏彩盤）等於氣墊粉餅+腮紅打9折就送一個大大的化妝��+2隻2.5ML的針香，還有手扇等於買2送4的優惠組合

光是這個大化妝箱就十分超值啦！！其實我沒有多買什麼，只補了一個氣墊粉蕊

就覺得好像買了很多的東西提出了百貨公司！

就光是化妝箱個人覺得非常超值實用！！化妝箱是布質但不是硬盒

連拉鍊都是美美的水鑽J~

而且化妝箱很讚！分成上下二層

有大鏡子，然後上層可以放刷具，下層可以放心愛的彩妝們~~

分層管理蠻不錯的！

當然！要隆重介紹一下這次買的周年慶組合們！

這組是新光三越通販組，所以只要是在新光三越的周年慶都可以買到這一組

9月剛上市的柔光美肌持久氣墊粉餅NT$900+超滿足虛榮心的氣墊粉盒(付粉撲) NT$400再加上我選的是秋妝粉彩糖磚顏彩盤

真的只能說是美炸！不僅是氣墊粉餅盒子超美就連粉彩糖磚顏彩盤顏色也超好看！！

粉彩糖磚顏彩盤

這次的秋妝新色是#25 dearest wish

6色9格的排列組合方式巧妙搭配的頰彩。

淺牛奶粉色、溫暖玫瑰粉、鮮艷酒紅色、乾淨的純淨粉紅色、深邃的勃根地、粉裸色

在色系上感覺非常重的半霧面雙頰櫃上試用時忘了斟酌用量！下手太紅有點太紅！不過JILL STUART的腮紅就是可以色澤的濃淡度可依照當天的心情及穿搭自由混刷。

New！柔光美肌持久氣墊粉餅

這個真的是好美喔！除了超滿足虛榮心的外盒！！不過有一點搞不太懂，因為粉盒和歌蕊是分開買為何粉是著粉盒而不是粉蕊？？

不用敷面膜就有敷完面膜後的水潤光澤~~粧感宛如自動切換美肌濾鏡，拍出無瑕柔光美肌，打造偽素顏最激境界！

整個粉盒就是銀色的公主華麗風！帶出門都非常華麗，動作也優雅了起來！不過內容就非常中規中矩啦！

雖然還是一樣海綿的粉體，但濕潤度非常夠。按壓取用也都十分紮實！這款也是我近期的新歡！！雖然一開始也是被外表所吸引~~

但這款又柔光又美肌氣墊真的是很棒！這款保濕度很好，但又不會黏黏的~~用輕、拍、彈的用拍的方式上妝。那種半柔霧、有點輕透有點光澤感！略有遮瑕度，可以重覆輕拍，就會有不錯的遮瑕度

素顏只上氣墊和這次的九宮格腮紅~~ 真的有素顏裸妝的FU~~

妝感確實真的不錯！最近常帶著他趴趴走！就價格上在專櫃CP值算不錯！既美又蠻不錯用的。讚！這次的這個特惠組真的十分實用且滿意！

喔！對了！JILL STUART耶誕彩妝也跑去看了一下！有點滅火，我想今年就不會考慮~~JILL STUART的耶誕彩妝~~

#風格部落客彩妝 #風格部落客 #jill stuart #周年慶 #周年慶必敗 #吉麗絲朵 #whenwas #whenwasblog #粉彩糖磚顏彩盤 #柔光美肌持久氣墊粉餅

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avhphoto · 5 years

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Fall Into a Jeep Sleep

Hey, everyone! Well, I'm back after a long time not writing. I meant to keep a regular blog this year, posting at least once a week, but that didn't work out. I got caught up in the "winter blues" and wasn't feeling very inspired to write anything. I did read a lot, though, so that has to count for something. But here I am, and today's topic is the sleeping platform my dad and I recently put in my Jeep. I suppose I should start off with what brought me to want to build this sleeping platform in the first place. I bought my Jeep Grand Cherokee back in 2016. I needed a vehicle that would allow me access and clearance to roads that would have been inaccessible in the Acura I owned before. I wanted more space for both myself and passengers, as well as more cargo space to haul all the stuff I'd need for camping and photography ventures. Prior to the build, I would put one of the back seats down, put an air mattress along the side with a sleeping bag and cuddle up next to all the camping and photo gear. It was a tight squeeze, but it worked. Although I'm fully equipped for "regular" camping (ie with a tent), I often end up shooting in places where I don't have the ability to set up a tent or don't want to take the time to do it. So car camping has always been the obvious choice for my needs. I had looked into rooftop tents, but with the high price tag and not being able to fit into my downtown Vancouver parkade, sleeping in the back of my Jeep really did make for the best of both worlds. I just needed to make it more efficient. Earlier this year, I started doing some research on what others had done to make their vehicles more car-camping friendly. It was then that I discovered a lot of people had made sleeping platforms for their vehicles. I don't know why I hadn't thought of anything like that sooner, but better late than never! My parents recently moved to Victoria after ten years overseas, and having them close (but not THAT close, hey mom?) is a great thing. I knew my parents had a garage and my dad had tools that we could use to make a sleeping platform for my Jeep, and I asked my dad if he'd be willing to help me with it. I won't lie; I'm not mechanically inclined. I'm not good at building things from scratch. Hell, I'm not good at building things at all. I get frustrated and end up making more of a mess than was even necessary. I'm a solid three out of ten on the "Mr. FixIt Scale," which is a term I'm going to trademark. I knew my dad has had a lot of experience building things over the years and thought this would be a great project for us. I also thought it would be a great idea for my dad to spend some time with someone other than my mother for a little bit, although I'm not sure who needed the distraction more. My parents are lovely people, for those that don't know, but they've been overseas with mostly just themselves for the last ten years, plus the stresses of moving and setting up a new house upon their return to Canada. I digress. https://youtu.be/J4bLKkBWrQE During a work stint, I told my friend Jared about my plans to build this platform, and he got pretty excited. We had done some measurements during a lunch hour on set and built a preliminary sketch of what it was I wanted to create. I sent these off to my dad, and we messaged back and forth about what we'd need. My girlfriend and I headed to Victoria to "meet the family" as well as get this sleeping platform built. We arrived early in the morning, and after a quick visit, my dad and I got to work. He had found some YouTube videos where a guy built a sleeping platform in his JGC, and had the plans for his build on the Internet. We took his plans, made some measurements of our own, and changed them slightly so they'd work for my Jeep, as his was a few years older and had different specifications. https://youtu.be/D1tiszHNIjE One of the main purposes of the sleeping platform, aside from having a firm resting place, was to allow for convenient storage of a lot of the camping essentials that would have otherwise taken up a lot of space in the trunk. One of the things I didn't like was having to take certain camping gear and move it up to the front seats or stack it to the side in the trunk when I wanted to go to sleep. With the platform, you still have to move some things around when you want to sleep, but the work is minimal and most of the main components are tucked underneath the platform. Originally I had wanted to put in sliding drawers, but this would have added more height to the platform, decreasing the amount of headroom so I decided against this option. The plastic containers slide out easily enough. https://youtu.be/oLZxKJjFWSs My dad and I headed to Home Depot with our plans in hand. We knew what sizes of plywood and beams we'd need, and to cut down on time, we got everything pre-cut for us at Home Depot. I wanted to put down some sort of rubber mat to help keep the mattress from sliding, which would also aid in keeping gear from moving around when in travel mode. After purchasing the custom cut wood, the rubber mats, and the containers, I was sitting at a total cost of $250. Not too bad for a mobile hotel room!

Building materials. The first thing we did was build the support and make sure that it fit. We had to make some minor adjustments as things came up, but for the most part, everything fit quite well. I didn't want to have to take the back seats out of my Jeep, so we decided to build the platform in two separate parts. Originally, we thought it might work well with hinges but due to the size/shape of my trunk, it wasn't a plausible scenario. After getting the rear platform finished, it was time to build the front platform. This was a little more tricky as the support beams on the middle and side had to be trimmed at a very slight angle. My back seats don't fold down completely flat, and I wanted to negate the angle that the platform would be on for a more comfortable lying position. We also had to have some 2x4s vertically attached to the platform base so that it would reach the floor of the Jeep to support the weight on the platform. Once the main platform was built, it was time to fit the rubber matting onto the plywood. It fit with just a few minor alterations to the rubber to make sure that it was snug. My parents had this mattress they purchased in Namibia, and we thought it might fit well and I'd get to avoid having to spend more money on a mattress or airbed. It fit perfectly! The platform was built! Minus a few more additions like lighting and more storage, we had everything we needed complete and it only took us about 6-8 hours over two days. Now the only thing left to do was give it a test run. This, unfortunately, didn't happen until a couple weeks ago due to a busy schedule, but we headed out to Alice Lake in Squamish to give it a go and couldn't have been happier with the results. The mattress folds up in three parts, which makes storage of items on the rubber matting easy and less likely to move around during transport. A lot of the gear you see in the following photos gets taken out of the truck and set up, ie the camping chairs, stove etc. And two of the large bags on the right are the sleeping bags (two zipped into one big one) as well as pillows. Most of the stuff can be left out at night, but things like the cooler and stove had to be stored indoors for wildlife safety. Since this was only a one-night excursion, our personal bags weren't too full which made storage easier, but on a long haul and with a larger cooler, there is still a question of adequate storage. I also bought a five-piece window covering kit for added privacy, which I recommend installing prior to setting up anything else first. It's hard to do when you move the front seats forward to set up the bed. I am so happy with the results! My dad was so awesome in his willingness to help me with this project, and I thank him immensely for his time and hard work. I'm excited for adventure's this summer, even if they are just short hauls or taking a nap on the side of the road after a night of shooting stars. Read the full article

#adventure #camping #carcamping #jeepgrandcherokee #sleepingplatform #SUV

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macpalaceinc · 6 years

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661-2565 - Modem, US

purchase from here: https://www.macpalace.com/661-2565-modem-us.html 661-2565 EEE Code: JGC Compatible with: ~PowerBook G4 (1GHz/867MHz), PowerBook G4 (DVI) MacBook Pro 13" Unibody A1278 MacBookPro5,5 Mid 2009: MB990LL/A (2.26 GHz Core 2 Duo) MacBookPro5,5 Mid 2009: MB991LL/A (2.53 GHz Core 2 Duo) MacBookPro7,1 Mid 2010: MC374LL/A (2.4 GHz Core 2 Duo) MacBookPro7,1 Mid 2010: MC375LL/A (2.66 GHz Core 2 Duo) MacBookPro8,1 Early 2011: MC700LL/A (2.3 GHz Core i5) MacBookPro8,1 Early 2011: MC724LL/A (2.7 GHz Core i7) MacBookPro8,1 Late 2011: MD313LL/A (2.4 GHz Core i5) MacBookPro8,1 Late 2011: MD314LL/A (2.8 GHz Core i7) MacBookPro9,2 Mid 2012: MD101LL/A (2.5 GHz Core i5) MacBookPro9,2 Mid 2012: MD102LL/A (2.9 GHz Core i7) Identifying Numbers: Apple Part #: 661-5217, 661-5235, 922-9307 Printed Part #: 820-2565-A Modem, US https://ift.tt/2QxaDtA

from Home - MacPalace Blog https://ift.tt/2D1W7Yk

#Home - MacPalace Blog

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golicit · 6 years

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Guest Post: Second Circuit Rejects FCPA Liability for Foreign Persons

In an August 24, 2018 opinion in United States v. Hoskins (here), the Second Circuit held that a foreign national cannot be held liable under the FCPA, rejecting the U.S. Department of Justice’s accomplice liability theories. In the following guest post, attorneys from the Paul Weiss law firm take a look at the opinion and review its implications. A version of this article previously was published as a Paul Weiss client memo. I would like to thank the authors for allowing me to publish their article as a guest post on this site. I welcome guest post submissions from responsible authors on topics of interest to this blog’s readers. Please contact me directly if you would like to submit a guest post. Here is the authors’ article.

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On August 24, 2018, the Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit held in United States v. Hoskins that a foreign national who does not otherwise fall within the specific categories of defendants enumerated in the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (“FCPA”) cannot be held liable for violating the FCPA under accomplice liability theories.[1] Stating that the FCPA does not “purport[] to rule the world,” the Second Circuit held that the Department of Justice (“DOJ”) cannot skirt the FCPA’s “carefully-drawn limitations” by relying on conspiracy and aiding and abetting theories of liability[2] to assert jurisdiction over foreign nationals who are solely acting abroad and otherwise fall outside the categories of persons liable under the FCPA. The Court reaffirmed, however, that a foreign national acting as an agent of a U.S. issuer or domestic concern—which is a specific category of defendants in the FCPA—may be liable even without engaging in criminal activity in the territory of the U.S. While Hoskins involved an individual foreign defendant, the Second Circuit’s decision has implications for foreign corporations, which are also covered by the FCPA.[3] This case has been long-anticipated for its potential to proscribe the reach of the FCPA to foreign actors,[4] and will provide greater clarity to foreign companies that are trying to determine whether to take advantage of the DOJ’s FCPA Corporate Enforcement Policy.[5]

Background

The defendant in Hoskins, Lawrence Hoskins, was a U.K. citizen employed by the U.K.-based subsidiary of Alstom S.A., a French multinational company (“Alstom”),[6] who worked at a French-based subsidiary of Alstom. The DOJ alleged that Hoskins participated in a scheme with three Alstom executives, some of whom worked for Alstom’s U.S.-based subsidiary, to bribe Indonesian officials[7] to obtain for Alstom from the Indonesian government a $118-million contract for an infrastructure project that lasted from 2002 to 2009. The DOJ alleged that several Alstom U.S. executives, while present on American soil, held meetings to further the bribery scheme and discussed the project by phone and email. Moreover, according to the DOJ, some funds used for the scheme were paid from Alstom U.S. to a consultant’s account in Maryland. Hoskins never worked for Alstom’s U.S. subsidiary in a direct capacity and never set foot in the U.S. while the scheme was ongoing, yet the DOJ charged Hoskins with conspiring and aiding and abetting to violate the FCPA, as well as substantive FCPA violations, among other things.[8]

Hoskins moved to dismiss the conspiracy count of the indictment, arguing that the DOJ could neither charge him with conspiring nor aiding and abetting to violate the FCPA as he did not fall within any of the statute’s several categories of putative defendants. By its terms, the FCPA imposes liability only on (i) “issuers” (and their officers, directors, employees, and agents) of securities listed on U.S. stock exchanges;[9] (ii) “domestic concerns” and their officers, directors, employees, and agents (i.e., American companies and persons);[10] and (iii) foreign persons acting in the U.S. in furtherance of the corrupt scheme.[11]

In opposition to Hoskins’s motion, the DOJ argued that although Hoskins worked for Alstom’s U.K.-based subsidiary, he was an agent of Alstom’s U.S.-based subsidiary based on his repeated emails and telephone calls with the U.S.-based co-conspirators, and he could be convicted for violating the FCPA as an accessory to the corrupt scheme.

When ruling on Hoskins’s motion, the District Court refused to dismiss the DOJ’s claim that Hoskins was liable as an agent of a domestic concern,[12] but held that the FCPA cannot reach a non-resident foreign national who is not “an agent of a domestic concern” and who “does not commit acts while physically present in the territory of the United States.”[13]

The Second Circuit Decision

The Second Circuit unanimously rejected the DOJ’s expansive theory of extraterritorial jurisdiction under the FCPA, largely affirming the District Court’s dismissal of the conspiracy and aiding and abetting charges against Hoskins.[14] Relying on the plain text of the statute, and an extensive assessment of the legislative history and amendments to the Act,[15] Judge Pooler, writing for the Court, found that Congress had affirmatively excluded from liability under the Act foreign individuals, such as Hoskins, unless they commit an act in furtherance of a crime within the territory of the U.S., and that adopting the government’s overbroad view “would transform the FCPA into a law that purports to rule the world.”[16] Relying on a recent U.S. Supreme Court decision regarding the presumption against extraterritorial application of U.S. criminal laws, the Second Circuit held that “in general, United States law governs domestically,”[17] and that the DOJ could not use the accessorial liability statutes to circumvent such a presumption.[18] Accordingly, Hoskins, who did not engage in acts “on American soil” in furtherance of the corrupt scheme, could not be directly liable under the FCPA.[19]

The Second Circuit found that Hoskins—even if he was never present in the U.S.—could have acted as an agent of a domestic concern, and if so, could have conspired with employees of the U.S. subsidiary or other foreign nationals who conducted acts while in the U.S., and remanded the question to the District Court.[20]

Characterizing Hoskins as “a close and difficult case,”[21] Judge Lynch in his concurrence counsels “special caution in applying normal principles of accessorial liability when Congress has delineated the particular circumstances in which the [FCPA] applies abroad,”[22] but also questions whether as “a matter of policy” people like Hoskins—a foreign national who was “part of the team that reached into the United States to counsel and procure the commission of an American crime by an American company, and to assist that company in executing bribes in violation of American law”[23]—should not be reached by U.S. laws of ancillary liability.[24] Noting that this may be one of those cases beyond the contemplation of Congress, the concurrence suggests that Congress may want to “revisit the statute with this case in mind[.]”[25]

Implications

The Second Circuit’s opinion, which is among the few appellate decisions construing the FCPA,[26] limits the DOJ’s ability to prosecute foreign persons—either individuals or companies—for FCPA violations based solely on conspiracy or aiding and abetting theories of liability unless they travel to or engage in proscribed conduct in the territory of the U.S. The opinion flatly contradicts the DOJ and SEC’s FCPA Resource Guide issued in 2012, which sets forth the government’s view that a foreign national or company may also be liable under the FCPA based on aiding and abetting or conspiring with an issuer or domestic concern, but it leaves open the possibility that, where supported by the facts, the government may still prosecute foreign nationals as agents of U.S. issuers and domestic concerns.[27] Whether the DOJ now actually proceeds against Hoskins on this theory, and if so how it goes about establishing agency, will be instructive.

It also remains to be seen whether this decision undercuts the DOJ’s ability to bring charges against foreign persons based on a theory of directing or arranging U.S.-dollar payments that transit the U.S. banking system, but without any physical presence of the foreign persons in the U.S. The District Court’s opinion, which rejected Hoskins’s argument that the FCPA did not apply extraterritorially to non-U.S. persons, suggests that that Court may be of the view that causing activity in the U.S. from outside the U.S. may be sufficient to give rise to jurisdiction.[28] Although the Second Circuit’s decision does not address this point directly, it includes discussion of the FCPA’s language and legislative history that suggests that the Second Circuit may be hostile to such a view. This part of the Second Circuit’s decision, however, is not necessary to its holding, and we expect the DOJ to vigorously defend—including within the Second Circuit—its ability to prosecute foreign persons for using U.S. territory or causing U.S.-dollar payments to flow through the U.S. financial system in furtherance of a foreign bribery scheme.

The decision in Hoskins also may have important implications for foreign corporations, particularly those that conduct international business through joint ventures, consortia, and other teaming arrangements that involve American companies (“domestic concerns”) and/or U.S.-listed companies (U.S. or foreign “issuers”). Pre-Hoskins, the conspiracy and aiding and abetting theory, which the Second Circuit has now rejected, was the basis for settled actions involving Marubeni, JGC Corporation, and Snamprogetti Netherlands B.V. in connection with the TSKJ joint venture cases in which the DOJ charged foreign companies that were neither issuers nor domestic concerns, and based jurisdiction on aiding and abetting a domestic concern to execute a bribery scheme.[29] Post-Hoskins, foreign companies that find themselves subject to DOJ or SEC investigations solely because of their business association with a domestic concern or issuer may have stronger jurisdictional defenses.

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This memorandum is not intended to provide legal advice, and no legal or business decision should be based on its content. Questions concerning issues addressed in this memorandum should be directed to:

Brad S. Karp

+1 212-373-3316

[email protected]

Mark F. Mendelsohn

+1 202-223-7377

[email protected]

Alex Young K. Oh

+1 202-223-7334

[email protected]

Michael E. Gertzman

+1 212-373-3281

[email protected]

Counsel Farrah R. Berse, Peter Jaffe, Richard S. Elliot and Justin D. Lerer and Associates H. Bola George and Jonathan Silberstein-Loeb contributed to this Client Memorandum.

_________________________________

[1] 2018 WL 4038192 (2d Cir. Aug. 24, 2018).

[2] The conspiracy statute, 18 U.S.C. § 371, and aiding and abetting statute, 18 U.S.C. § 2, generally apply across the United States Code to impose accomplice liability on persons who conspire with or aid and abet in the commission of any “offense against the United States.”

[3] 15 U.S.C. § 78c(a)(9) (“The term ‘person’ means a natural person, company, government, or political subdivision, agency, or instrumentality of a government.”).

[4] See, e.g., Paul, Weiss, Rifkind, Wharton & Garrison, LLP Client Memorandum, “FCPA Enforcement and Anti-Corruption Developments: 2016 Year In Review” (Jan. 20, 2017), available at https://www.paulweiss.com/media/3897243/19jan17_fcpa_year_end.pdf.

[5] See Paul, Weiss Client Memoranda, “DOJ Issues New FCPA Corporate Enforcement Policy” (Nov. 30, 2017), available at https://www.paulweiss.com/media/3977501/30nov17-doj.pdf and “DOJ Announces a Pilot Program to Encourage Companies to Self-Report FCPA Violations” (Apr. 6, 2016), available at https://www.paulweiss.com/media/3479613/fcpa6apr16.pdf.

[6] Alstom pleaded guilty to violations of the FCPA’s books and records provisions and internal controls provisions and paid a $772 million fine. Plea Agreement ¶¶ 1, 18, United States v. Alstom S.A., No. 14-cr-246-JBA (D. Conn. Dec. 22, 2014), ECF No. 5.

[7] The three other Alstom executives—all domestic concerns—pleaded guilty to conspiring to violate or violating the FCPA. See Guilty Plea, United States v. Pomponi, No. 3:12-cr-238-JBA (D. Conn. July 17, 2014), ECF No. 138; Guilty Plea, United States v. Pierucci, No. 3:12-cr-238-JBA (D. Conn. July 29, 2013), ECF No. 46; Guilty Plea, United States v. Rothschild, No. 3:12-cr-223-WWE (D. Conn. Nov. 2, 2012), ECF No. 8.

[8] DOJ also charged Hoskins with one count of conspiracy to commit money laundering and four counts of money laundering. The money laundering charges are pending and not affected by the Second Circuit’s decision.

[9] 15 U.S.C. § 78dd-1; see also U.S. Dep’t of Justice, A Resource Guide to the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act, at 10–11 (2012) (hereinafter “FCPA Resource Guide”), available at https://www.justice.gov/sites/default/files/criminal-fraud/legacy/2015/01/16/guide.pdf.

[10] 15 U.S.C. § 78dd-2.

[11] Id. § 78dd-3.

[12] United States v. Hoskins, 123 F. Supp. 3d 316, 327 (D. Conn. 2015) (“Count One will not be dismissed in its entirety, however, because if the Government proceeds under the theory that Mr. Hoskins is an agent of a domestic concern and thus subject to direct liability under the FCPA . . . his criminal liability for conspiring to violate the FCPA” would not be precluded).

[13] Id.

[14] The DOJ sought interlocutory appeal after the District Court dismissed the conspiracy and aiding and abetting counts. Rejecting Hoskins’s objection, the Second Circuit decided it had jurisdiction to consider the interlocutory appeal under 18 U.S.C. § 3731 even where a district court has dismissed portions of counts. Hoskins, 2018 WL 4038192, at *3–*5.

[15] The Second Circuit reviewed the competing Senate and House versions of the draft bill, and final version agreed to in conference when the bill was passed in 1977. Id. at *13–*22. The Second Circuit noted that the final version agreed to in conference “did allow liability for agents, but restricted liability to an agent who was a United States citizen, national, or resident or [wa]s otherwise subject to the jurisdiction of the United States[.]” Id. at *16; see also id. at *17 (“The [1977] Conference Report emphasized that the statute drew deliberate lines regarding the liability of foreign persons, both corporate and natural[.]”). The Second Circuit also reviewed the 1998 amendments, noting that while “[t]he 1998 amendments surely extended the statute’s jurisdictional reach,” “Congress delineated as specifically as possible the persons who would be liable, and under what circumstances liability would lie.” Id. at *21. The Second Circuit concluded that “[n]one of the [1998] changes included liability for the class of individuals involved in this case.” Id.

[16] Hoskins, 2018 WL 4038192, at *20.

[17] Id. at *13 (citing RJR Nabisco, Inc. v. European Cmty., 136 S. Ct. 2090, 2100 (2016)).

[18] Id. at *22–*23.

[19] Id. at *24 (“This Court agrees that Hoskins cannot be directly liable under [15 U.S.C.] Section 78dd-3.”).

[20] Id. (“[T]he government should be allowed to argue that, as an agent, Hoskins committed the first object by conspiring with employees and other agents of Alstom U.S. and committed the second object by conspiring with foreign nationals who conducted relevant acts while in the United States.”).

[21] Hoskins, 2018 WL 4038192, at *25 (Lynch, J., concurring).

[22] Id. at *28.

[23] Id. at *29.

[24] Id.

[25] Id.

[26] See, e.g., United States v. Esquenazi, 752 F.3d 912 (11th Cir. 2014) (construing the meaning of “instrumentality” to determine who a “foreign official” was), cert. denied, 135 S. Ct. 293; Republic of Iraq v. ABB AG, 768 F.3d 145, 169–71 (2d Cir. 2014) (concluding that “there is no private right of action under the antibribery provisions of the FCPA”), cert. denied, 135 S. Ct. 2836 (2015); United States v. Kozeny, 667 F.3d 122, 130–36 (2d Cir. 2011) (reviewing jury instructions as to the elements of a substantive FCPA violation), cert. denied sub nom. Bourke v. United States, 569 U.S. 917 (2013); United States v. Kay, 513 F.3d 432, 451 (5th Cir. 2007) (construing “willfulness”); United States v. Kay, 359 F.3d 738, 742–61 (5th Cir. 2004) (construing the FCPA’s “obtain or retain business” element); Stichting Ter Behartiging Van de Belangen Van Oudaandeelhouders In Het Kapitaal Van Saybolt Int’l B.V. v. Schreiber, 327 F.3d 173, 181–83 (2d Cir. 2003) (construing the “corruptly” element); United States v. Castle, 925 F.2d 831 (5th Cir. 1991) (determining whether foreign officials who receive bribes from domestic concerns can be prosecuted for conspiracy to violate the FCPA); United States v. McLean, 738 F.2d 655, 656–60 (5th Cir. 1984) (determining whether an employee can be prosecuted for a substantive offense under the FCPA if the employer has not and cannot be convicted of similarly violating the FCPA), cert. denied, 470 U.S. 1050 (1985).

[27] See FCPA Resource Guide at 12 (“A foreign national or company may also be liable under the FCPA if it aids and abets, conspires with, or acts as an agent of an issuer or domestic concern, regardless of whether the foreign national or company itself takes any action in the United States.”).

[28] See Ruling on Defendant’s Motion to Dismiss the Second Indictment at 18–19, United States v. Hoskins, No. 3:12-cr-00238-JBA (D. Conn. Dec. 29, 2014), ECF No. 190 (“[P]hysical presence within the United States is not required when the Indictment alleges . . . [use of] domestic wire transfers to promote the conspiracy.”).

[29] Deferred Prosecution Agreement ¶¶ 1, 6, 12, United States v. Marubeni Corp., No. 4:12-cr-00022 (S.D. Tex. Jan. 17, 2012), ECF No. 3 (pleaded guilty to one count for conspiracy to violate the FCPA’s anti-bribery provisions in violation of 18 U.S.C. § 371, and one count for aiding and abetting a violation of the FCPA’s anti-bribery provisions in violation of 15 U.S.C. § 78dd-2; paid fine of $54.6 million); Deferred Prosecution Agreement ¶¶ 1, 6, 11, United States v. JGC Corp., No. 4:11-cr-00260 (S.D. Tex. Apr. 6, 2011), ECF No. 4 (same; paid fine of $218.8 million); Deferred Prosecution Agreement ¶¶ 1, 6, 10, United States v. Snamprogetti Netherlands B.V., No. 4:10-cr-00460 (S.D. Tex. July 7, 2010), ECF No. 3 (same; paid fine of $240 million).

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journalistgeocultures · 6 years

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The Perks of Being Alone - a Short Essay about Self-empowerment

The Perks of Being Alone – a Short Essay about Self-empowerment

Hello Everyone and Welcome to JGC Blog.

Today, I want to talk about the positive aspects of being alone and how those aspects can lead to self-empowerment.

(more…)

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lawfultruth · 6 years

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Guest Post: Second Circuit Rejects FCPA Liability for Foreign Persons

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Background

The Second Circuit Decision

Implications

* * *

Brad S. Karp

+1 212-373-3316

[email protected]

Mark F. Mendelsohn

+1 202-223-7377

[email protected]

Alex Young K. Oh

+1 202-223-7334

[email protected]

Michael E. Gertzman

+1 212-373-3281

[email protected]

Counsel Farrah R. Berse, Peter Jaffe, Richard S. Elliot and Justin D. Lerer and Associates H. Bola George and Jonathan Silberstein-Loeb contributed to this Client Memorandum.

_________________________________

[1] 2018 WL 4038192 (2d Cir. Aug. 24, 2018).

[3] 15 U.S.C. § 78c(a)(9) (“The term ‘person’ means a natural person, company, government, or political subdivision, agency, or instrumentality of a government.”).

[10] 15 U.S.C. § 78dd-2.

[11] Id. § 78dd-3.

[13] Id.

[16] Hoskins, 2018 WL 4038192, at *20.

[17] Id. at *13 (citing RJR Nabisco, Inc. v. European Cmty., 136 S. Ct. 2090, 2100 (2016)).

[18] Id. at *22–*23.

[19] Id. at *24 (“This Court agrees that Hoskins cannot be directly liable under [15 U.S.C.] Section 78dd-3.”).

[21] �� Hoskins, 2018 WL 4038192, at *25 (Lynch, J., concurring).

[22] Id. at *28.

[23] Id. at *29.

[24] Id.

[25] Id.

The post Guest Post: Second Circuit Rejects FCPA Liability for Foreign Persons appeared first on The D&O Diary.

Guest Post: Second Circuit Rejects FCPA Liability for Foreign Persons syndicated from https://ronenkurzfeldweb.wordpress.com/

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simonconsultancypage · 6 years

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Guest Post: Second Circuit Rejects FCPA Liability for Foreign Persons

*************************

Background

The Second Circuit Decision

Implications

* * *

Brad S. Karp

+1 212-373-3316

[email protected]

Mark F. Mendelsohn

+1 202-223-7377

[email protected]

Alex Young K. Oh

+1 202-223-7334

[email protected]

Michael E. Gertzman

+1 212-373-3281

[email protected]

Counsel Farrah R. Berse, Peter Jaffe, Richard S. Elliot and Justin D. Lerer and Associates H. Bola George and Jonathan Silberstein-Loeb contributed to this Client Memorandum.

_________________________________

[1] 2018 WL 4038192 (2d Cir. Aug. 24, 2018).

[3] 15 U.S.C. § 78c(a)(9) (“The term ‘person’ means a natural person, company, government, or political subdivision, agency, or instrumentality of a government.”).

[10] 15 U.S.C. § 78dd-2.

[11] Id. § 78dd-3.

[13] Id.

[16] Hoskins, 2018 WL 4038192, at *20.

[17] Id. at *13 (citing RJR Nabisco, Inc. v. European Cmty., 136 S. Ct. 2090, 2100 (2016)).

[18] Id. at *22–*23.

[19] Id. at *24 (“This Court agrees that Hoskins cannot be directly liable under [15 U.S.C.] Section 78dd-3.”).

[21] Hoskins, 2018 WL 4038192, at *25 (Lynch, J., concurring).

[22] Id. at *28.

[23] Id. at *29.

[24] Id.

[25] Id.

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hungoveronamondaymorningatwork · 6 years

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2018 Liebster Award Nomination

Mucho thanks to Fantac.Cisse at JGC Blog for the nod and whose blog I thoroughly enjoy reading because it’s willing to talk about so many things like culture, self-improvement, Marvel movies, or how to grow marijuana plants unnoticed in your local community garden. (Just kidding about that last one…or am I?)

Anywho, I’m not sure who the original creator of the Liebster Award is but here’s a link

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#blogging #having fun #humor #Liebster Award

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comloy · 7 years

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JAL JGC ダイヤモンド修行　国慶節の花火を見たくて香港へ行って来ました / Vol.14　香港国際空港カンタス航空ラウンジを覗いてみた！

今回はエコノミークラス利用ですので、出発前に美味しいご飯をキャセイパシフィック航空のラウンジでがっつりと食べようと思っていたので、きっちりと２時間半前にチェックインしました。食べ終わるともう少し時間がある、、、いつもそのままボーディングゲートに行くのですが、時間も若干あるのでゲート近くにあるカンタス航空のラウンジに行ってみることにしました。香港では行ったことがなかったんですよねぇ。旅行期間　2017/10月エリア　　香港テーマ　　街歩き、お祭り、食べ歩き、JAL修行 [su_box title=”目次” style=”bubbles” box_color=”#67fa4e” title_color=”#0b74ce” radius=”10″] ・Vol.1　今回は那覇往復はありません。旅の初めはJALファーストクラスラウンジから。〜今回が本当に最後のマッサージサービス〜…

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soramame260 · 7 years

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やすです。 2017年12��に初の海外旅行に行ってきました。目的地はハワイ・オアフ島。日数は4泊6日。何本かにわけて記事にしていきます。今回はいよいよ最終回。ダニエル・K・イノウエ国際空港(ホノルル空港)のサクララウンジ編と、成田へ向かう機内で出た機内食編の2本立てでお届けします。

ダニエル・K・イノウエ国際空港(ホノルル空港)サクララウンジ編

楽しかったハワイもそろそろおしまい。日本へ帰国する日がやってきました。名残惜しいですが、いつの日かまた来れるという気持ちを持って空港行きのバスに乗車します。空港行きバスが宿泊先のワイキキパークホテルの目の前にある、シェラトンワイキキリゾートから出ていました。大量の荷物を持って市街地を歩かずに済み、ラッキー。

バスに揺られること約30分、ダニエル・K・イノウエ国際空港(ホノルル空港)に到着しました。JTB現地スタッフの方の説明を受けて空港内に入ります。ダニエル・K・イノウエ国際空港(ホノルル空港)にもJGCカウンターが用意されています。日本と変わらず、並ばずにチェックインができるのがメリット。スーツケースを預けて身軽に。

身軽になったところで免税店エリアで最後の買い物も楽しめます。

サクララウンジの案内看板がありました。どうやらアメリカン航空のラウンジと共同運営しているようです。

エレベーターまたは階段を登ってラウンジ入口にやってきました。クリスマスシーズンだったので、奥にアロハシャツを着たサンタクロースがいますね。

サクララウンジ内の座席はこんな感じ。窓際のひとりがけエリアやファミリー向けエリアなど、結構広くスペースが取られています。

ビジネスエリアも用意されています。プリンタも完備されていました。

新聞・雑誌エリアはこんな感じ。

ドリンクはソフトドリンクサーバーと

コーヒー、お茶。

アルコールは缶ビールと、

ワイン、ウイスキー各種が用意されています。

フード類はクロワッサン、ケーキ、フルーツ盛り合わせ、

焼きおにぎり茶漬けと

チキンラーメンまでありました。アメリカン航空との共同運営のラウンジですが、わりと日本寄りのメニューです。

焼きおにぎり茶漬けとチキンラーメン両方食べました。普通においしい。

搭乗時刻が迫ってきましたので、ラウンジを出て搭乗口に向かいます。ハワイ、また来るね。

帰国便のB767-300。帰りは偏西風に逆らって飛ぶので、飛行時間が長くなるのがネック。座って寝れなくはないんですが、体がバキバキになるのがちょっとね。

帰国便の機内食編

離陸してシートベルトサインが消えると、サービスが始まります。まずはアルコールをチョイス。アサヒスーパードライ久しぶりに飲んだ。やはりウマー。アサヒスーパードライ 350ｍｌ缶×24本

しばらくしてサーブされたメインの機内食。

白ワインが進む。疲れとアルコールのせいで、このあたりの記憶があまり無いのが本音。結構ベロベロに酔っ払っていたような…

その後の軽食。ツナペーストサンドだったかな？食事の後は無理やり寝て過ごしました。国際線での快適な過ごし方をググっておけばよかった。後悔先に立たず。

無事に成田空港に到着しました。税関通過する頃にはすっかり空腹。おもむろに寿司が食べたくなり、空港内の寿司屋に駆け込みました。ハワイの街中でも寿司屋を見かけましたが、日本まで取っておいて良かった。ウマー。

はじめての海外旅行。ワクワクとドキドキが交じり合う楽しい時間を過ごすことができました。JAL上級会員であるJGCであったことが大きかったですね。空港内で快適に過ごすことができました。次の海外旅行はいつになるかわかりませんが、これからも積極的に出かけて視野を広げていきたいと思っています。

それじゃ！「ハワイ・聖地ノースショアでサーフィンの旅」第2話【JALカードの詳細は下記画像から確認をしてください。】

#https://soramame260.net/blog/2018/02/25/post-7233/

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