Wee Forest Folk: I Have a Little Dreidel
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Going Batty for the Little Brown Bat
The little brown bat (Myotis lucifugus) is a species of mouse-eared bat that lives throughout North America, from northern Canada to the southern United States. They are most commonly found in deciduous forests, but they also roost in man-made structures or caves; anywhere warm and dark.
M. lucifugus is aptly named, as it’s a relatively small bat. At most, individuals weigh 12.5 g (0.44 oz) and have a wingspan of 27 cm (10.6 in). Females are typically larger than males. The color of their fur can range from tan or red to dark brown, though the fur on their stomachs is lighter than the rest of their body. In addition to their large ears, which gives them a great hearing boost, the little brown bat has exceptional eyesight and is sensitive to ultraviolet light. However, they lack a Jacobson’s organ, which in other animals is used to detect moisture-borne odor particles.
Like other bats, the little brown bat is primarily nocturnal, emerging at dusk and feeding intermittently throughout the night. Individuals emit about 20 calls per second while in flight, and use the corresponding information to avoid obstacles and detect prey. They feed exclusively on insects, including mosquitoes, beetles, and flies, and in a single night an individual may consume over 2/3 of its body weight in food. Because their source of food is generally seasonal, little brown bats are only active in the warmer months of the year. When the temperature drops to 0 °C (32 °F), individuals will enter a state of torpor, in which their heart rate may drop as slow as 8 beats per minute.
Mating takes place in the fall, just before the hibernation season. Males and females gather together in large groups to roost, in a behavior known as swarming. During this period, colonies average around 9,000 individuals; the largest recorded had over 180,000. Both sexes mate with multiple partners, and homosexual pairings are relatively common. This behavior continue throughout the hibernation period, and individuals will pair indiscriminately with active and torpid bats. Once mated, female bats store their sperm for the following spring; they then carry their pregnancies for 50-60 days. Each female gives birth to only one pup, which weighs about 30% of her body weight.
Pups grow rapidly, opening their eyes and ears within a few hours of being born and becoming completely weaned at 26 days old. After this, young transition to feeding solely on insects, though they may receive help from their mothers while learning the best techniques for catching prey. Females are sexually mature at only one year old, and males mature at two years old. Once they reach maturity individuals will leave to form their own roosting groups. In the wild, a little brown bat can live up to 34 years; however, many bats are predated upon by owls during the active season, and by raccoons while hibernating.
Conservation status: The IUCN has rated M. lucifugus as Endangered. Their primary threat is a fungus-caused disease known as white-nose syndrome; this disease is particularly harmful to the little brown bat due to their large congregations during the mating and hibernation period.
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Photos
Jason Corbett
Joseph Johnson
Rick Reynolds
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FROM : highlandvalley - A field mouse sheltering from the rain inside of a tulip
https://scooby-doo-exploration.tumblr.com/archive
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