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popatochisssp · 3 months

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favorite scents of the boys??!

Scents are something I’ve thought about a bit, though more in the context of what they might smell like.

Still, some of that does touch on the kinds of scents they like, so I’m gonna answer it like that anyway!

Sans (Undertale): Probably his favorite scent is cheap rubber, the kind that goofy novelty items tend to be made of—rubber chickens, whoopie cushions, groucho glasses—and yeah, he smells of it pretty often for the amount of them he keeps on his person at any given time. He’s also a fan of the smell of ketchup, but only smells of it himself rarely, when he’s recently been partaking of it…or if he pulled the ‘loose ketchup bottle’ prank on somebody and caught some splash-back. A lot more often, unfortunately, he bears the faint yet persistent smell of hot dog water…which could be worse if he wasn’t using water sausages for it, a little more pine-y than your typical cased meat odor, but it is still hot dog water so… Alas.

Papyrus (Undertale): His likes ocean-y scents the best, salty and fresh and powerful, just like him! All his most favorite colognes and deodorants are under that umbrella, so it’s probably his most typical scent. If he’s been going on any culinary adventures recently, trying to find his elusive perfect spaghetti recipe, he may smell a bit more marinara than marine…which he doesn’t mind, there’s nothing wrong with a good tomato! A perfectly excellent fruit, that he will probably shower off of himself soon, but nonetheless! …He’s loath to admit it, but he’s also acquired a fondness for the smell of crafting glue, from using it so often assembling models and customizing action figures. He won’t go out of his way to smell more like glue, but if he already does, well…he doesn’t hate it…

Sky (Underswap Sans): His favorite scents are plant-y, fresh and natural but not floral. Aloe vera and cucumber are the big ones vying for the top spot in his arsenal of bathroom products, so he’ll most often smell like that. If he’s been putting in a lot of time at a bar, though, you might catch him smelling more like some kind of booze or other—he’s surrounded by it and people spill, the stuff sinks in whether he wants it to or not. And he does fall into the ‘or not’ category, but less because he dislikes the smell(s) and more because he knows it gives off a bad impression, without context. Luckily, working at a bar usually has him smelling even more strongly of citrus, cutting up limes and lemons for juice and garnishes on behalf of coworkers a lot more susceptible to bar-rot than he is, and citrus smells he does like!

Paps (Underswap Papyrus): Old paperback books are the best smell in the world to him, if he could huff it all day long, he……… Well. He kind of does, admittedly, with the amount of old paperbacks he has. He doesn’t actually smell like that himself very much though, since (much to his dismay) it just doesn’t linger long. Probably most of the time, he smells like cloves, because that lingers and it’s the most assertive scent he tangos with. It’s pretty prominent in the Dog Treats he smokes and tends to soak in everywhere, so he’s at least lucky that it’s pleasant and something he doesn’t mind smelling of. On occasion, he also tends to pick up the scent of pencil shavings—he’s a writer, and a traditionalist who just loves something about the feel of a real wooden pencil…but they do need a lot more regular maintenance to stay sharp than the mechanical ones, and the byproducts…tend to stick to hoodies.

Jasper (Underfell Sans): His favorite smell is wood-smoke, hands down, no contest. It’s what Grillby’s smells like, and he’s been haunting that joint since he was practically a kid, so it’s familiar and comfortable—and yeah, since he’s there so much, it’s all over him too. As far as when he’s not there, he’s enough of a greasemonkey privately and professionally that he gets a lot of crud on him from that, motor oil and gas and transmission fluid, et cetera. He doesn’t love those smells, but he doesn’t really notice or care about them much either, so it is what it is. Regrettably, he will also often smell of mustard. It’s mostly on his breath but it is his favorite condiment to put on anything, and sometimes that means a bit of spillage here and there. Alas.

Pyre (Underfell Papyrus): He loves the smell of leather and wouldn’t be able to tell you if that love came before or after the amount of it he’s amassed in his wardrobe. He even likes the artificial stuff that they put in leather cologne, so even when he’s not actively wearing leather, he probably still smells like leather. He also has his own unique musk—obviously strongest during and immediately post-workout—and while he makes all appropriate efforts to be cleanly and not reek, like some brothers do, that never really goes away and he’s not-not a bit partial to it, personally. Sometimes, rarely, his hands will pick up a bit of a faint rosewood scent, from the fretboard of his—wait, no, the reason’s not important, they just do, and it’s a perfectly fine and acceptable smell that he’s neutral towards!

Mal (Swapfell Sans): If he had to choose a favorite scent, it would probably be cedar wood. He himself only smells like it occasionally, when he’s been furtively whittling, but he’s got a bit of a Pavlovian calming and focusing response to it, so he likes it around. Mostly he smells like talcum powder, since it’s a favorite of his for keeping dry and not sweaty after the workouts, strenuous military patrols, and wildly psychologically tense political situations he’s had to navigate throughout…his life in general. He smells clean and calm and pleasantly neutral, he’s never been stressed even once, have you seen him sweat? No. …That said, if he happens to be unwinding in his private time, after a not-at-all-stressful day, he will probably smell strongly of whatever wine he’s been drinking—almost always something red and dry, naturally.

Rus (Swapfell Papyrus): He adores the smell of coffee, definitely his favorite. Muffet’s was always a safe place for him, so a lot of it is tied up in some of those memories, but he still drinks it a lot (at inadvisable times of day) and he just generally finds the smell of it pleasant. Chocolate has a similar effect, since he has a major sweet-tooth and tends to store a lot of little treats on his person for later…and sometimes he ends up smelling like it too, when he forgets about those treats and they…melt. If he’s not actively smelling like one of those two things, though, it’s probably pen ink, which is his favorite medium for sketching and pretty far up there on his list of preferred scents, even as strong and chemical-y as it is. It mostly only rubs off on his hands, if anything, so it doesn’t linger too long and he finds it meditative for as long as it does last.

Slate (Horrortale Sans): He’s pretty passionately in love with the way most things in the Allium family smell when being cooked, but garlic is at the top of the list. He could smell it all day long and be a very happy man, and he preps and eats enough of it—garlic bread, confit, pasta, pizza—that he’ll sometimes get it on his breath or his hands. A lot more prominently and frequently, though, he’ll smell like dog, or cat. You know the smell, it’s indescribable, but he works with animals and tends to come home stinking like them, and honestly, he doesn’t really mind the smell at that much, himself. It’s a good stink. …But of course, not everyone agrees, and the fur is a bitch, so sometimes he also smells like the dryer sheets he keeps on him to get some of that hair off and mask the dog-smell.

Papy (Horrortale Papyrus): His favorite scent in the world is flowers! He doesn’t really have a strict preference, but he does like magnolias, jasmine, gardenia… Sometimes he does smell floral, because he definitely prefers soaps that smell like his favorites, or because he’s out in his garden tending to the flowers and the vegetables. The latter is also how he gets a lot of fresh-cut grass and dirt smells into his gardening clothes, which is absolutely a blessing because he loves those scents too! Possibly the only thing he tends to smell like on a regular basis that he doesn’t love is antiseptic. It’s pretty harsh and chemical, but as much as he’s not a fan, it’s a necessity for a nurse—you work a twelve-hour shift at the hospital, antiseptic is probably one of the better things you can come home smelling like. Rest assured he showers immediately when he gets home, he doesn’t like the hospital stink either.

Ash (Undergloom Sans): His favorite smell is a little particular, the way cloth smells when it’s kind of old and worn. Cotton is preferred but linen is also perfectly acceptable, just something about broken in, familiar clothes or sheets or even couch cushions makes him happy and—with the amount of those that he has on and around and over himself on a regular basis—he does pick up a bit of that scent himself fairly often. Still, he does have a brother in the picture who refuses to abide him smelling like musty cloth all the time, so a lot more often he’ll be smelling like fabric softener from the freshly washed pile of laundry he grabs his sweaters out of. He likes that smell well enough too, so no issue there. Sometimes, more frequently than you might guess, his hands (and sleeves) pick up the smell of dish soap, from a chore easy enough that even he can handle, in between rests.

Yrus (Undergloom Papyrus): He’s an absolute sucker for the smell of vanilla, nothing makes him happier. Every candle and air freshener and cologne he gets his hands on is vanilla-scented because he just loves it so much. When he’s not busy smelling like vanilla, however, he’s probably off in the kitchen smelling like bread instead. He does plenty of cooking and baking, and getting lightly floured and saturated in the ambient scent of rising dough is pretty much inevitable—albeit not especially long-lasting. Another not-uncommon smell around him is sweet, light florals, like plum blossom or honeysuckle. They’re just under vanilla as far as ranking his personal preferences might go, so a lot of the soaps and body washes he gets tend to be something like that, if he can find it.

Brick (Horrorfell Sans): As far as a favorite scent goes, his is probably WD-40. It’s a little weird and a little specific, but he’s fixed up enough things around the house with it that his love affair with how useful the stuff is has fully extended to what it smells like. If he knew there was a cologne that smelled like it, he’d probably wear that shit all the time, but since nobody’s told him about that, he only smells of it himself when he’s been doing the handyman thing. If he’s been working a lot, knitting or buying and sorting yarn for knitting, he’s at least somewhat likely to have some lanolin smell on and around his fingers—since his preference is generally wool yarn over acrylic and that has the straight-from-the-sheep aroma built-in. He’s more or less neutral to it. If he knows ahead of time that he’s going to be going out somewhere, though, he’ll freshen up properly with some body spray, something in the amber or oaky range of scents, warm and woodsy with a little spice to it. That, he likes.

King (Horrorfell Papyrus): He’s not a fan of most strong scents, less so if they’re noticeably artificial. Probably his favorite is cocoa butter, since it’s soft and pleasant and not overwhelming, so the majority of his soaps and other toiletries—and the man himself—smell like that, and that’s the way he likes it. If he’s been meditating recently or otherwise trying to center himself, he might pick up a faint tinge of sandalwood from the incense he burns, but again, since he favors light scents it’s bound to be subtle and probably won’t last long outside of his meditation room. He will sometimes get some long-lingering fruit scents on his hands, since it’s something he likes to do, peeling or otherwise unwrapping fruits for himself, or ducks and geese at the park, or for someone he cares about. It’ll be apples and oranges, mostly, but sometimes he’ll make a go of a pomegranate, and his spindly talons will be fragrant for awhile and that’s…fine.

Merc (Horrorswap Sans): He’s a little different, depending on whether you catch him before he’s solved his DT problem, or after. In both cases, he’s liable to often smell like something sweet, thanks to his home-baking business—almond more than most things, since he favors it for texture, or as extract, or as flour for a gluten-free option, but sometimes frosting, compotes, or plain old powdered sugar will cling to him a bit outside of the kitchen too. He doesn’t love it, but he’s fine with it, especially with what it covers up when he’s regularly destabilizing. The DT in his body is an overwhelming presence, to the point of having a noticeable scent when his magic spikes—an iron smell, harsh and metallic…and if he happens to lose control of himself and start melting, the smell of liquidizing bone is equally strong and unpleasant, something chalky and like…corn chips? Understandably, he’s…not a fan. He tends to mask it where he can with strong citrusy colognes, orange and lemon and yuzu, which he does like and will continue to wear for special occasions once his Issue is sorted. But his favorite scent…that’s probably orange blossom, which is just a little too subtle to assert itself over liquid bone and charged DT, but perfect on its own, after everything’s fixed. It’s his favorite kind of soap and he doesn’t really bother with anything else.

Ell (Horrorswap Papyrus): Like his brother, he also has a lot of DT in his body, just not as much and he’s in control of it. Still, that does mean he sometimes smells strongly of it, that thick and harsh iron tang, but usually only when he’s really, truly angry—just a bit of grump or peeve won’t cut it. His method of covering it up, when it does happen, is with some original scent Old Spice body spray, which he thinks is infinitely better and a classic, timeless scent to wear. He’s not necessarily wrong either, since he’s not a teen boy using it as a replacement for showering, so he doesn’t ever empty a whole can onto himself, but that’s a low bar. As much as he does like the Old Spice smell, the honor of favorite has to go to any combo of fruit-and-cream, and of those, orange creamsicle wins with him by a mile every time. He only has a few soaps and sanitizers in that category, but he’ll replace them immediately when he runs out, to make sure it’s always around.

Pitch (Horrorswapfell Sans): No hesitation, his favorite scent is blackberry and herb—his preferred cologne has it with bay leaf, but he’s found it in soaps and sanitizers paired with basil or sage and finds that equally pleasant. He uses it more to accent than cover up, and he thinks it pairs nicely with his own natural musk. If he’s been working out or boxing a lot, that musk will come through a bit stronger and blend with some other distinct things—neoprene, chalk, hand-tape—to give him an overall ‘gym smell,’ which he’s aware of but maybe only slightly negative on, at worst. He can always wash up after… Probably the only other thing he smells like regularly is chlorine or bromine, since he loves pools and jacuzzis and taking a nice dip in either, and those have to stay clean somehow. If pressed, he’d say he likes that smell in the same way some people like the smell of gasoline—it’s chemical, but there’s something about it to like, even if sniffing it too much directly would probably make you sick.

Nemo (Horrorswapfell Papyrus): His favorite smell is tea, freshly brewed. His general preference is probably more for black teas, but the occasional herbal tea is nice too. His fondness for it is mostly in the act of steeping, pouring, holding, sitting with and sipping the tea rather than only the smell, so he really only smells of it himself when he’s actually made or drank some. More than anything, he tends to smell like marker ink, from his persistent habit of doodling all over himself. It’s definitely chemical, but he does kinda like it, brings back nice memories for him and makes him feel creative and happy. Add in a somewhat compulsive cleaning habit, and you also have him kitchen-lemon-scented whenever he’s at his most sleepless and anxious, and understandably he doesn’t especially love that one, but hey, at least it’s clean and fresh.

Sunny (Gastertale Sans): He loves the smell of cola, a little syrupy but sharp and cut with carbonation bubbles, it just hits all the right notes of ‘pleasant’ for him and makes him feel relaxed. He does drink it, but not so much that he overly smells of it anywhere but his breath if he’s actively in the middle of a can or glass. Mostly, he smells a little grassy and warm, like vetiver or lemongrass since those are the kinds of soaps and body washes he prefers—nothing too strong or overpowering, just clean! ………And sometimes, in odd moments of high emotion, when things feel weird… he smells………like nothing? But something. Kind of like…petrichor, the scent that hangs in the air when it’s about to rain, but…not that, something more charged and…dark. …He doesn’t like that one.

Aster (Gastertale Papyrus): Like his brother, he too sometimes smells like something and nothing, some kind of undefinable electric darkness that he can’t put a name to…and quite frankly, he doesn’t like it either! What he does like are herbal scents, the more assertive, the better—like mint, he loves the smell of mint! Rosemary is also nice, or eucalyptus, but nothing quite beats a crisp fresh mint aroma in his heart. The only time he’ll really stray away from those kinds of botanical scents on purpose is when he’s looking for cologne to wear, and then he’s very unpredictable in terms of what he goes for. He seems to find himself almost magnetically drawn to the most abstract and loosely defined concepts. What is lunar cologne, what does it mean to smell like the moon? He can’t really say, but it seems like it would be good to impress new people—acquaintances, colleagues, perhaps a date… He’ll keep wearing it for the fancy occasions.

Spectr (Transcendtale Sans): His favorite scent is the ocean—not artificial approximations of it, or combinations of scents that someone has decided to label ‘marine,’ only the real thing will do. It’s mostly the experience of being there that resonates with him, so similar standing bodies of water (like lakes and Great Lakes) will also come close for him, but it just can’t really be bottled, what he’s after. Fortunately (or unfortunately depending on your perspective), he does occasionally smell like sea or lake water himself since he often decides to walk right in whenever he visits one, and that scent lingers even after he’s dredged himself back out. He doesn’t especially mind it, but other people do, and if he then has to be around some, it tends to be easier to…find…some new clothes, preferably some overstock from mass-produced fast-fashion brands just sitting in a warehouse somewhere. So, a lot of the time, he’ll smell like that—the strong dyes and starches and other chemicals that linger in fabric before the first wash. He’s pretty neutral to it, since it fades anyway the more he wears it around. When the weather’s hot, he may pick up the slightest scent of silicone rubber from his body components heating up, but he’s very well-constructed, so that’s the worst of it.

PapAIrus (Transcendtale Papyrus): He doesn’t have a favorite scent, it’s not a sense he has anymore. Which he’s fine with! Lots of smells are gross, and he’s gained plenty of other senses and capabilities with his lifestyle change to counterbalance it, so he really doesn’t miss it much ever. He himself does have a scent though, to an extent. His hard-light form smells a little like how static electricity smells, sharp and tingly, and the more fully solidified he is, the stronger the scent. If he was told about it, that would be his favorite scent by proxy. Sometimes as a precursor to his appearance, the air itself tends to sharpen and smell crisp, the way it does in cold weather—this, he wouldn’t especially like, since it takes some of the surprise out of him showing up if someone happened to notice it as a trend, but of course there’s nothing he could actually do about it anyway. It’d be hard to notice, but occasionally, devices he’s tampered with or poked around in might have a faint aroma somewhat like hot plastic, fleeting and easily put down to just the object itself overheating or something. He wouldn’t really like to know that either, no fun if he's so noticeable but again, it is what it is.

Xanth (Ascendswap Sans): His favorite scent is a sweet berry medley, not all that particular about which ones, as long as there’s a couple different kinds of berries mixed in! A lot of his soaps and body washes will be of that ilk, so it’s probably also the thing he smells like more often than not. He also likes to burn incense, but it’s mostly gifted, or sticks and cones picked up incidentally from all over, so he’s not very consistent with any one scent. White sage pops up a bit more than some of the others, but there’s a whole laundry list of incense aromas he could pick up by proximity. And on occasion, especially if he’s been frequenting pottery studios, it’s entirely possible that he could have a bit of a clay smell stuck to him…or actual clay, on him, it can be messy stuff but super fun and he loves it—even when it’s wedged in between his phalanges.

Piper (Ascendswap Papyrus): His favorite scent is definitely bergamot. He himself smells like it often, since it’s the feature of every cologne he wears, and most of the body washes and potpourris he keeps around his home. He’s also fond of the way magazine paper smells—he keeps a steady supply of them in circulation to keep on top of lots of different trends (and to see if any inspire him to participate)—but that’s a scent that doesn’t especially linger, maybe a bit on his hands if he’s been at it awhile. What does linger, whether he likes it or not, is bird smell but he only picks that up when he’s been whistling too many birds onto his fingers, or if he’s been petting learning how to handle raptors in the hopes of some day soon getting to keep a falcon. What the bird smell actually smells like depends entirely what kind of feathers he’s been preening and for how long, but either way he kind of likes it.

Carmine (Underfell Fruition Sans): His favorite smell is metal, brass and copper and steel. Mostly, they don’t have a smell of their own but they do when someone’s touching them, or if they’re being actively cut and machined, and that’s the kind of smell that he likes. He smells of it personally every now and again, since he does have a passion for tinkering with most anything he can get his hands on, and on his hands is where that scent tends to linger a bit. Way more often, what he smells like is ozone, a kind of heavy electrical smell, like lightning’s about to strike—or already has. It’s at its worst when his magic is in high supply and lightest if he’s running low, and most of the time at a ‘Huh, storm’s coming’ level that he's…admittedly nose-blind to, so he has little opinion on it. If you’re up close and chatting, something you’ll definitely catch of whiff of is the cinnamon gum he prefers, but that’s a calculated move, premeditated on his part. Nobody likes rank breath, best to keep it smelling like something nice if he’s going to socialize, right?

Tank (Underfell Fruition Papyrus): His favorite smell is soap. He has a strong preference for softer ‘clean’ scents, something like Dove soap, vaguely floral and light and not overpowering or chemical. He never really had a choice in anything what he used to clean himself with before, but now that he does, this is one of the easier choices he’s made. He also has an odd fondness for the scent of still, stagnant water—even when it’s heavy on the mildewy, algae notes. He doesn’t much smell like that himself, unless he’s been maintaining his aquariums recently, but he certainly doesn’t mind the mustiness of it as much as some might. If he’s been working, he’s liable to pick up any of a dozen scents common around a job site—sawdust, gravel, paint, spackle—whatever’s around and whatever he might’ve been tasked to do…but those will get replaced by the scent of soap in short order.

Vi (Swapfell Fruition Sans): His favorite scent is definitely ginger, extra points if it happens to be gingerbread, but he likes it in most other things as well. It’s something of a special treat for him, so he doesn’t indulge in it very often and he’s in the habit of hiding any evidence, but if he lets his guard down it’s possible to catch a faint whiff of it on him, rarely. Probably the most notable smell on him is balsam fir, which he prefers for a cologne. It’s a good strong scent, woodsy with a balance of sweet and spicy, and makes a subtle enough statement about himself…though naturally, he goes without it whenever he doesn’t want to be noticed. Every now and again, he may also smell a bit like apricots, coinciding directly with the summer months when they’re in season and it’s an ideal time for him to get a whole bunch and make illegal booze out of them. He likes the smell inasmuch as it can be a conversation starter to ask if anyone is interested in a bottle or two when it’s ready, but he’s not especially passionate about the smell for its own sake.

Hunter (Swapfell Fruition Papyrus): If you ask him, the best smell in the world is wet earth, or just plain old mud. It’s sharp and gritty and real, and he loves catching a whiff of it under his soles or even his palms whenever he’s been outside long enough. He does wash, sometimes, so he doesn’t always smell like literal dirt, but his preference for a juniper berry body wash keeps him smelling pretty outdoorsy most of the time. Under all that, there’s also his own natural musk which he doesn’t much care to hide—after all, it blends so nicely with the smell of fresh air and trees that cling to his clothes after he's come back from a run or parkour through the woods…or at least he thinks so. Why would he want to douse himself in fragrances to get rid of it?

Kohl (Descendtale Sans): He likes the scent of nutmeg the most. It smells warm and spicy and little bit bitter, and he likes that—but mostly in beverages, like coffee, so he only occasionally smells of it himself. Also faintly on him is the scent of formaldehyde, from when he’s working. He’s less susceptible than any human coworkers to some of the more astringent chemicals in his line of work, so a lot of the mixing and handling is left to him, which he’ll surely make wry comments about but actually doesn’t mind so much. Even faint, the smell seems to be a bit of a subconscious deterrent for most humans, once they get close enough to notice it. Most of that, however, is sadly rendered ineffective by the strong floral scent he often picks up, mostly roses and lilies, from setting up, moving, disposing of (and occasionally absconding with) funeral flower arrangements. …Even so, he can’t bring himself to truly despise it. He does enjoy flowers.

Bram (Descendtale Papyrus): He likes flowers too! Certainly a lot more than he enjoys the scent of dirt, when he’s working, or the scent of rot, when he’s trying to obtain new animal bones for his collection. To that end, he’s definitely also a collector of dried flowers, and he keeps them on his person anywhere and anywhen he thinks there might be unpleasant odors that could sink into his clothes—lavender and hibiscus and lotus are common choices…but even so, none of them are his favorite. That honor goes to rhubarb! It’s so fresh and fruity and lovely, almost every cologne and soap and toiletry he buys features it as a key note, if not the only note, and he feels at his best when he’s wearing it. Rarely, he may sometimes smell a bit smoky. Just candle wick smoke, since he likes to burn a lot of candles and then has to go around blowing them all out so as not to leave them unattended and that scent clings for at least a little bit. It’s not his favorite either, but he doesn’t mind it at all.

#anonymous #headcanons #undertale #underswap #underfell #swapfell/fellswap #horrortale #undergloom #horrorfell #horrorswap #horrorswapfell #gastertale #transcendtale #ascendswap #underfell fruition #swapfell fruition #descendtale

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o-craven-canto · 3 days

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Filters in the way of technologically advanced life in the universe and how likely I think they are

1. Abiogenesis (4.4-3-8 billion years ago): Total mystery. The fact that it happened so quickly on Earth (possibly as soon as there was abundant liquid water) is a tiny bit of evidence for it being easy. Amino acids and polycyclic hydrocarbons are very common in space, but nucleotides aren't, and all hypothetic models I've seen require very specific conditions and a precise sequence of steps. (It would be funny if the dozen different mechanisms proposed for abiogenesis were all happening independently somewhere.)

2. Oxygenic photosynthesis (3.5 billion years ago) (to fuel abundant biomass, and provide oxygen or some other oxidizer for fast metabolism): Not so sure. Photosynthesis is just good business sense -- sunlight is right there -- and appeared several times among bacteria. But the specific type of ultra-energetic photosynthesis that cracks water and releases oxygen appeared only once, in Cyanobacteria. That required merging two different photosynthetic apparati in a rather complex way; and all later adoptions of oxygenic photosynthesis involved incorporating Cyanobacteria by endosymbiosis. For all that it's so useful, I don't know if I'd expect to see it on every living planet.

3. Eukaryotic cell (2.4 billion years ago?): Probably the narrowest bottleneck on the list. Segregated mitochondria with their own genes and a nucleus protecting the main genome are extremely useful both for energy production (decentralized control to maximize production without overloading) and for genetic storage (less DNA damage due to reactive metabolic waste). But there's a chicken-and-egg problem in which incorporating mitochondria to make energy requires an adjustable cytoskeleton, but that consumes so much energy it would require mitochondria already in place. Current models have found solutions that involve a very specific series of events. Or maybe not? Metabolic symbiosis, per se, is common, and there may have been other ways to gene-energy segregation. Besides, after the origin of eukaryotes, endosymbiosis occurred at least nine more times, and even some bacteria can incorporate smaller cells.

4. Sexual reproduction (by 1.2 billion years ago): Without meiotic sex (combining mutations from different lineages, decoupling useful traits from harmful ones, translating a gene in multiple way), the evolution of complex beings is going to be painfully slow. Bacteria already swap genes to an extent, and sexual recombination is bundled in with the origin of eukaryotes so I probably shouldn't count it separately (meiosis is just as energy-intensive as any other use of the cytoskeleton). Once you have recombination, life cycles with spores or gametes and sex differentiation probably follow almost inevitably.

5. Multicellularity (800 million years ago?): Quite common, actually. Happens all the time among eukaryotes, and once in a very limited form even among bacteria. Now we'd want complex organized bodies with geometry-defining genes, but even that happened thrice: in plants, fungi, and animals. As far as I know, various groups of yeasts are the only regressions to unicellularity.

6. Brains and sense organs (600 million years ago): Nerve cells arose either once or twice, depending on whether Ctenophora (comb-jellies) and Eumetazoa (all other animals except sponges) form a single clade or not. Some form of cellular sensing and communication is universal in life, though, so a tissue specialized for signal transmission is probably near inevitable once you have multicellular organisms whose lifestyle depends on moving and interacting with the environment. Sense organs that work at a distance are also needed, but image-forming eyes evolved in six phyla, so no danger there (and there's so many other potential forms of communication!). Just to be safe, you'll also want muscles and maybe mineralized skeletons on the list, but I don't think either is particularly problematic. An articulated skeleton is probably better than a rigid shell, but we still have multiple examples of that (polyplacophorans, brittle stars, arthropods, vertebrates).

7. Life on land (400 million years ago): (Adding this because air has a lot more oxygen to fuel brains than water (the most intelligent aquatic beings are air-breathers), and technology in water has the issue of fire.) You're going to need a waterproof integument, some kind of rigid support system, and kidneys to regulate water balance. Plenty of animal lineages moved on land: vertebrates, insects, millipedes, spiders, scorpions, multiple types of crabs, snails, earthworms, etc. Note that most of those are arthropods: this step seems to favor exoskeletons, which help a great deal in retaining water. Of course this depends on plants getting on land first, which on Earth happened only once, and required the invention of spores and cuticles. (Actually there are polar environments where all photosynthesis occurs in water, but they are recently settled and hardly the most productive.)

8. Human-like intelligence (a few million years ago?): There seems to a be a general trend in which the max intelligence attainable by animals on Earth has increased over time. There's quite a lot of animals today that approach or rival apes in intelligence: elephants, toothed cetaceans, various carnivorans, corvids, parrots, octopodes, and there's even intriguing data about jumping spiders. Birds seem to have developed neocortex-like brain structures independently. Of course humans got much farther, but the fact that even other human species are gone suggests that a planet is not big enough for more than one sophont, so the uniqueness of humans might not necessarily imply low probability. (We seem to exist about halfway through the habitability span of Earth land, FWIW.) The evolution of sociality should probably be lumped here: we'll want a species that can teach skills to its offspring and cooperate on tasks. But sociality is also a common and useful adaptation: many species on our list (octopodes are a glaring exception) are intensely social and care for their offspring. I mentioned above that the land-step favors exoskeletal beings, which in turns favors small size; but the size ranges of large land arthropods and very intelligent birds overlap, so that's not disqualifying.

9. Agriculture and urban civilization (11,000 years ago): Agriculture arrived quite late in the history of our species, but when it arrived -- i.e. at the end of the Wurm glaciation -- it arrived independently in four to eight different places around the world, in different biogeographic realms and climates, so I must assume that at least some climate regimes are great for it (glacial cycles are a minority of Earth's history; but did agriculture need to come after glaciations? Maybe a shock of seasonality did the trick). And once you have agriculture, complex urbanized societies follow most of the time, just a few millennia later. Even writing arose at least three times (Near East, China, and Mexico), and then spread quickly.

10. Scientific method and industrialization (300 years ago): We're getting too far from my expertise here, but whatever. The Eurasian Axial Age suggests that all civilizations with a certain degree of wealth, literacy, and interconnection will spawn a variety of philosophies. Philosophical schools that focus on material causes and effects like the Ionians or Charvaka have appeared sometimes, but often didn't win over more supernaturalist schools. Perhaps in pre-industrial times pure materialism isn't as useful! You may need to thread a needle between interconnected enough to exchange and combine ideas, and also decentralized enough that the intellectual elite can't quash heterodoxy. As for industrialization, that too happened only once, though that's another case in which the first achiever would snuff out any other. I hear Song China is a popular contender for alternative Industrial Revolutions (with coal-powered steelworks!); Imperial Rome and the Abbasid Caliphate are less convincing ones. For whatever reason, it didn't take until 18th century Britain.

11. Not dying randomly along the way: Mass extinctions killing off a majority of species happened over and over -- the Permian Great Dying, the Chicxulub impact, the early Oxygen Crisis -- but life has always rebounded fairly quickly and effectively. It's hard enough to sterilize an agar plate, let alone a planet. Disasters on this scale are also unlikely to happen in the lifespan of planet-bound civilizations, unless of course the civilizations are causing them. A civilization might still face catastrophic climate change, mega-pandemics, and nuclear war, not to mention lesser setbacks like culture-wide stagnation or collapse, and I couldn't begin to estimate how common, or ruinous, they would actually be.

****

I have no idea how common the origin of life is, but the vast majority of planets with life will only have bacterial mats and stromatolites. Of the tiny sliver that evolved complex cells, a good chunk will have their equivalents of plants and animals, most of which may have intelligent life at least on primate- or cetacean-level at some later point. At any given time, a tiny fraction of those will have agricultural civilizations, at an even tinier fraction of that will have post-industrial science and technology. Let's say maybe 1 planet with industrial technology out of 100 with agriculture, 100,000 with hominid-level intelligence, 10 million with animal-like organisms, 100 millions with complex cells, and 10 billions with life at all?

#speculative biology #xenobiology #evolution #history #longpost

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seat-safety-switch · 7 months

Text

Down by where I used to live when I was a productive member of society, there's a nice steakhouse. Be aware that when I say "nice," I am primarily referring to the ambiance. Everyone in my friend group has jealously informed me that they could make a better steak on an abandoned charcoal grille under a highway overpass. The steak, it seems, is only so-so. You don't go there to eat.

When I went there, when I was the cream of the crop, you attended in order to cut deals. For whatever reason, our brains are hardwired to make it easier to find agreement with another person when we are eating together. It helps if that other person is buying you a moderately nice steak dinner.

This makes sense from a historical perspective: you weren't eating with your enemies. You were primarily eating with your ancient cavepeople bros, sis-es, and theys. Your family, extended family, and in-group. No vicious gorillas pretending to be one of you just long enough to take your money and not deliver on a big new deployment of sump pumps for your upcoming luxury-residential development. Of course, now that humanity is the dominant species on this planet, this mechanism doesn't work too well. I exploited it, because that's what you do when you work in sales.

Sometimes, I think about going back in there and having a nice dinner, just to sell myself on the lie that things are working out. Eat a steak sandwich, bring in a pocket mirror to tell sweet untruths to. Sign a contract telling myself that I'm going to try harder to bring myself success in the future. It sounds pretty good, the kind of thing that might even be worth the money that could better be used on batteries or oil.

Even so, I can't go to the restaurant. The valet can't park my car. It's not that he can't drive stick. It's not even that he can't drive a Lenco sequential drag-racing transmission ratchet-strapped to the inside of a fifty-year-old Mopar unibody made partially of road signs. It's because the restaurant's health insurance does not cover hantavirus (which is fake) or tetanus (which is even more fake) for its part-time employees.

Until I get back on the horse, career-wise, I'll be perfectly happy cooking this stolen dumpster steak on my exhaust headers. The char that you get from a good cast-iron hotside is simply the finest, and if you don't believe me, we'll eat it together and then you can give me a ride to the steakhouse. You're buying.

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mensfactory · 1 year

Photo

BMW M1

The M1’s history is complicated, and its impact on the Bavarian marque’s reputation was far greater than the modest production run of just 453 examples would suggest. Certainly, the M1 was a Supercar in the context of late-1970s racing technology, and that it looks like one is due to its body having been styled by Giorgetto Giugiaro, founder of Italdesign.

The M1 was developed under the aegis of BMW Motorsport head Jochen Neerpasch to compete in Group 5 racing, primarily against Porsche’s nearly invincible 911. Homologation requirements called for 400 road-going examples, and without the capacity to build the car in house, BMW partnered with Lamborghini to develop the chassis, assemble prototypes, and manufacture the production run.

Yet Lamborghini’s financial woes of the era eventually caused BMW to bring the project back in house, though Dallara designed the mid-engined, tube-frame chassis. The project soldiered on, during the course of which subsequent changes in Group 5 rules relegated the M1 to Group 4 competition. If the wedge-shaped profile of the BMW M1 recalls the 1970s-era Giugiaro aesthetic, perhaps best expressed by the Lotus Esprit, it’s because wedges, like leisure suits, were all the rage at the time. But unlike leisure suits, wedges still look cool today. One concession to tradition in the design of the M1 was the retention of BMW’s classic twin-kidney grilles in the front fascia. (Note to BMW’s designers today: bigger isn’t always better.)

Behind the driver and passenger was BMW’s 3.5-liter, twin-cam inline-six engine with mechanical fuel injection and a five-speed transmission. Making 273 hp in street tune, the mill gave the car the ability to reach about 165 mph. Inside the cockpit, occupants would not be found guilty if either felt a little short-changed of luxury, though the fabric seat inserts seem au courant today.

#art #design #sportcars #sportcar #supercars #supercar #hypercars #bmw #bmw M1 #lamborghini #italdesign #luxurycars #luxurycar #vintage cars #vintage car #collector's #history #style #carsdesign

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tomswifty-fr · 2 months

Note

whats the technology level of your lore? and does it vary much by flight?

Hey! It's been three weeks! I have been writing a massive loredump that was way too detailed and going nowhere so this is an attempt to simplify/condense that into a reasonable answer. Feel free to send followups about anything because there is so much I'm leaving out.

Short answer: "Technology level" is kind of a loaded term and also not that useful in this context imo. It varies by flight but that's not going to be the defining factor in whether a specific clan has like, lightbulbs and antibiotics.

Long answer:

On the whole, Sorneith's tech level is going to be below that of modern-day Earth. Sorneith is orders of magnitude less industrialized, less electrified, and less computerized. Mass comm as we have it is very much not a thing.

Also, please add "with some exceptions" to every paragraph because it is all with some exceptions. Reality is like, 70% exceptions by mass.

High tech (computers, telecom, aerospace, etc) is going to be clustered in urban, high-population areas and is often associated with Lightning, Arcane, Wind, and Plague flights.

Things like telecom and transportation are going to be small scale and local (examples: a telephone network that covers a single city, or train tracks that only go between a factory and a mine). Lack of interflight cooperation, lack of intraflight cohesion, and all sorts of environmental factors mean that no one is building large scale infrastructure and it would be extremely difficult or impossible to maintain if they did. There are all kinds of things that dragons could technically build, but don't because no one is willing to build the infrastructure necessary to support it.

Electricity generation is not uncommon, but is again going to be highly localized and probably magic based. No huge dams that power the whole county or whatever. There is a petrochemical industry, but it is mainly geared towards manufacturing, not fuel. Yes, dragons have plastic. Sorry.

A lot of mechanical stuff is powered by kinetic energy, often in the form of clockwork. Windmills are also very common, especially in agricultural contexts (hulling, grinding flour, etc) but also for things like looms.

Plague and Nature have the most advanced biomedical science, with an emphasis on gengineering and modifying already existing species that other flight cultures can find offputting (but not offputting enough to not take advantage, of course). The Plague approach to treating illnesses consists largely of breeding bacteria for specific purposes - if you get measles, your medicine is going to consist of a live culture of measles-hunting bacteria that will cure you by spreading through your body and eating all the measles pathogens, then dying off. The Nature approach is more focused on identifying plants with medicinal effects and modifying them to be more effective, with an emphasis on symptom management and preventing transmission while letting the body ultimately fight off the infection on its own.

Plague is also the flight that invented solid-state computing, specifically for medical implants and prosthetics. Lightning and Arcane are still fighting over who had the first computer but they were using crystals and vacuum tubes, and mostly still are. Personal computers are typically not a thing.

Personal transportation technology is less about vehicles and more about body modification (temporary or permanent) to make running and flying easier or more efficient. These are often adapted to/from mobility assistance tech for disabled dragons. Flying is more common in this context than running because large parts of Sorneith lack good roads.

Agricultural technology is going to be geared towards things like modified seeds, chemical fertilizers, and farming techniques rather than things like tractors. Factory/mass production is something that would be more ubiquitous if there was better transportation infrastructure; as it is, it mostly exists near large urban centers (example: barrel factory that makes all the barrels for the big city, but doesn't sell any nonlocally. surrounding towns have their own coopers or get them from someone in another small town.) or where the product is something that clicks all the boxes of

Hard to make / knowledge to make it is not widespread / can only be made in certain conditions (jam factory makes no sense because anyone can make jam)

Enough demand to justify factory production (hydroelectric turbine factory makes no sense because there aren't enough dams around to make more than like, one turbine a year. pointless)

Expensive or necessary enough to justify nonlocal shipping/transport (ribbon factory makes no sense because hauling it across the continent it costs like twelve times as much as the ribbon)

In practice, this mostly means medicines and some types of electronics.

Cargo transportation is usually water-based. Steamships exist but are unpopular and unlikely to supplant sailing or dragon-powered ships.

Other things they have: firearms (primitive, used for mostly hunting or gunsports), nuclear power (relatively new, there are like single digit plants and all but one or two are in Lightning), radio (I said no large-scale telecom but there are a couple of big NGOs that are really pushing it), artificial intelligence (almost exclusively magic-powered, also very rare), typewriters, mimeographs, adding machines, phonographs, cameras, refrigeration (semi-common).

Things they don't have: Broadcast television (cable only, where it exists), the internal combustion engine (I could write a whole nother post about vehicles and why there aren't many), militarized explosives (that's what magic is for), internet (could you imagine).

#i hope any of this makes sense #thanks for asking!

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diabolus1exmachina · 2 years

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Rolls-Royce Phantom I Jonckheere Coupe

The first Rolls-Royce Phantom — then called the New Phantom, presently called the Phantom I — was introduced in 1925 in response to competition from European luxury marques like Hispano-Suiza and Isotta Fraschini and from premium American automakers like Packard and Pierce-Arrow. Based on the chassis of the outgoing 40/50 model, now known as the Silver Ghost, the Phantom introduced Rolls-Royce's first overhead valve engine and four-wheel brakes (although some sources say front brakes were introduced in late production Silver Ghosts). The OHV engine was taller than the sidevalve motor. That affected styling. The bodies coach built for the Phantom I had higher hoods, radiator shells and cowls.

In 1934, an as-yet-unidentified owner took the Phantom to the Jonckheere body company near Roeselare, Belgium to be rebodied. Though Henri Jonckheere built his first luxury automobile in 1902, the company had transitioned to making mostly bus and coach bodies by the 1930s. It still exists today as VDL Jonckheere.t’s not known who designed it, but Jonckheere built a radically different coupe body. Some say it was inspired by the aero designs of stylists Jacque Saoutchik and Joseph Figoni — but, to my eyes, it’s not nearly as elegant and flowing as their work. The squarish Rolls-Royce grill was retained, but it was sloped back to give the tall grill a more streamlined look. It is perhaps the only classic era Rolls-Royce whose grill is not vertical. To say the least, the car is a bit controversial with traditional Rolls-Royce enthusiasts. The windshield is also steeply raked. Bullet headlights and very long and flowing fenders continue the streamlined theme, but the car is so massive it’s hard for me to call it sleek. To finish off the aero look, Jonckheere put a big tailfin down the length of the middle of the trunk lid. Such fins were popular with European coachbuilders in the 1930s and you can see them on Bugattis, Delahayes and other custom-bodied cars of the era. Designer Raymond Loewy added one to his customized 1939 Lincoln Continental. Of course, the Rolls’ most distinctive features are its large rear-hinged round doors, which allow ingress for both front and rear passengers. Because of the odd door shape, the side windows are split vertically and open up like a scissors as they retract into the doors. Round fender skirts for the rear wheels echo the shape of the doors.

The car is almost 20-feet long and finished in dark black. It’s a big, almost ominous looking vehicle that would be at home in a Batman movie, driven by the villain. It’s not a very practical car. With ponderous weight and no power assist, the steering is difficult, particularly at low speed. The non-synchro transmission needs to be double clutched and, even though the car features Rolls-Royce’s servo-assisted mechanical brakes, the weight makes it hard to stop. The large turning radius, low ground clearance and extended rear end make maneuvering the vehicle difficult. The steeply sloping fastback roofline forces rear passengers to slouch. There is no back window to speak of, just louvers, so visibility isn’t the best. To make the most of the limited trunk space, there is a set of fitted luggage.

#Rolls-Royce Phantom I #Hispano-Suiza #Isotta Fraschini #Packard #Pierce-Arrow #Jonckheere #Lincoln Continental

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mooonjin · 2 years

Text

The Past Behind Him

Notes: after rewatching season seven of the clone wars, echo being rescused from skako gave me this idea TT

Pairing: Echo x f!reader

Summary: Echo wasn't fond of the idea of a medic being assigned to Clone Force 99. Sooner or later, your past's are dug up during a not so nice situation.

Warnings/Tags: one or two insults, minor yelling (if you squint), mentions of blood/injuries, one(?) use of Y/N, mentions of tending to wounds — tell me if I've missed anything!

Part Two >

"Separatist?" Echo snapped, his fist landing on the transmission pad, shutting of the holo-profile. It certainly gave Tech a quite a fright. As soon as 'Separatist' left Tech's mouth, it was an immediate no. There was no way Clone Force 99 will be assigned an ex-separatist. How could've any of the Batchers completely disregard that?

Echo's past was rarely spoken about. They all heard he supposedly died at the Citadel in an attempt to rescue General Piell and Admiral Tarkin. Although it he was announced deceased on the battlefield, it turns out he wasn't. He was turned into a machine, a device, another pawn for the Separatist.

"Technically a former separatist. It appears she's no longer—"

"—I don't care whether she was or wasn't." Echo interrupted, having no care in what his brother had to say. Tech's mouth immediately shut tight, not wanting to rile up the ARC trooper who clearly had a problem with it.

The two clones were about to have a full on argument if Hunter didn't dismiss them to their own bunks. Tech rolled his eyes at how misunderstanding Echo could be.

Faint noises of Kamino waters gurgled outside their quarters. Admittedly, it was nice having some peace time on this planet. Usually, they would've been called up to Nala Se or to the training facility.

The productive silence was broken when a knock came from the door and shortly after, it opened up. Two clones in red coloured armor stood tall at attention. The Batcher's left their cots to stand in a uniform line at attention as well.

"At ease." The commander said with his modulated voice. The two troopers then left the entrance, leaving the clones inside more confused than ever.

You then came into view, replacing the guards' positions as you held a clipboard to your chest, your white Kamino-themed outfit reflecting the bright lights that certainly gained the squads attention.

"Hello," you waved at them, their eyes squinting like their lives depended on it, "Are you uh..." you quickly flipped a page against your clipboard to double-check who you were speaking to, "Clone Force 99?"

You assumed the one that did all the speaking was the individual wearing a bandana. He was fairly tall compared to you but slightly shorter than his brothers. Nonetheless, his eyes were judge-y. He scanned your figure silently.

"I'll take that as a no," your hand hovered over the door panel before he spoke up.

"Yes, this is Clone Force 99," you were relieved you didn't walk into the wrong barrack then, "and who are you?" Hunter backed away from you to give you some space noticing how your shoulders tensed up at his voice.

You tucked your red pen in your breast pocket before straightening out your uniform, "The medic personnel for your unit." you smiled, holding out your hand to shake his.

Hunter grinned slightly, looking back at his brothers who were sort of trying to welcome you. He shook your hand and you could swear it felt heavier than the shipment containers on Coruscant. His grip was firm and his shake almost made you stumble.

"Welcome then, the names Hunter," he turned around to the others who have dispatched to their bunks once again.

"That's Wrecker," he pointed at the big guy on the couch who was snuggled up with a plush toy.

"Crosshair," he gestured to the tall, white haired clone with a crosshair tattoo on his right eye. You presumed that's because of his name.

"Tech," his hand lay flat, palm to the ceiling like he was presenting the one with yellow goggles in front of a series of mechanical items. He seemed intelligent.

"And Echo," the only one who didn't make eye contact with you.

A small smile grew on your lips as you observed their barracks. It was... messy but it seemed cozy to them. It also kind of stunk, but you brushed it off considering the smell would be the least of your concern.

You pulled out a small, red comm link, and a transmission disk. You handed them both to Hunter who's eyebrows furrowed at the... gift?

"If you need any assistance, the comm link is to call me over if you're not in your barracks," you pushed a button, showing Hunter how it worked. Hunter gazed at you as he caught the sight of how you triggered the comm link; similar to how a seppie would, "and the transmission disk is for any display of injuries or further concern that needs me to look at anything you're not sure how to describe."

"Thanks—"

"—Oh! And this is my quarter number, but I'll mostly be in the medbay." you flipped open his wrist panel, tapping in some directions if they ever needed you.

And with that, you left their barracks hoping that summarised what your job was and how they could cooperate. Echo had the most disgusted look on his face.

"You saw it too?" Hunter asked Echo, already knowing how your ex-separatist actions slipped into your job.

"Of course I saw it." Echo grumbled.

You had been tending some of the 212th and the 501st in the medbay after a mission on Ryloth. Many stories were told when you sat down with a few of the troopers such as being attacked by gutkurrs, punching battledroids (because that was smart) and rescueing a few Twi'leks.

Waxer and Boil mentioned about saving a little girl which you thought was pretty adorable.

"Ooh, you might wanna be careful there, trooper," you chuckled as Waxer hissed, trying to sit up, “That wound isn't completely healed so for the mean time, you gotta rest up,” you gently patted his armoured shoulder piece and he sent you a kind smile.

Just as you were about to tend to the next unit, you received a beep coming from your breast pocket. It was the transmission disk assigned to Clone Force 99, "AZI, cover me for a while. Got a transmission incoming," you waved the disk at AZI before leaving the medbay area to go to your office.

You shut the door behind you and plugged the disk into the holo-table, the blue light of the transmission lighting up the room.

Hunter was kneeling down with Echo resting against his chest who looked like he passed out. His shoulder piece was slashed to bits as it clung onto him. Did it even look like a shoulder piece?

"Y/N, so glad you could chime in, Echo's sustained a massive hit from one of the walkers on Raxus. We don't really know what's happened but he's not waking up." Hunter's voice was low, but the tone of worry was prominent.

"We are currently entering Kamino's atmosphere,” you heard the modulated voice of Tech in the background.

You nodded at the Sergeant, your eyes scanning Echo's limp figure, "Bring him to medbay 02, I'll be waiting."

Hunter ended the transmission and the room faded back to black. This is the first transmission you've received from the clones using the disk. Most of the medical contacting they've done was through your comm channel.

Swiftly, you unplugged the disk from the table and shoved it down your pocket as you headed for the door. You were lucky Kamino invested in primarily sliding doors otherwise if you pushed it open, a loud bang would have been heard down the medbay halls. Professionally, you walked with quite some speed towards the other end of the medical wing to medbay 02 where you'll meet the boys.

As you reached the bay doors, you hastily grabbed your keycard to open them. Considering it wouldn't be a problem for the Batcher's to get in, you shut it behind you. There were two vacant rolling beds with plenty of machinery around it. A pre-made tray for injuries and examination sat next to one of them. It was filled with all kinds of tools and medication so you excluded the ones that were unnecessary for Echo's perusal.

You rolled the medical trolley to one of the beds. With your foot, you flicked the wheel locks so it would stay stationary. Since the other bed had wheels too, you gently pushed it back so it made more room for you to move around the space.

The medbay's sliding doors swooshed open, revealing the five Batcher's. One of Echo's arms were slung around Tech as Hunter cared for his other, Crosshair and Wrecker standing behind them for moral support for their brother.

Your eyes went wide at the state of the clone. He was beyond the stage of weak so you swooped under him, taking Hunter's place to assist his path to the medical bed.

"Tech, help me get his armour pieces off, please," Tech responded with a small nod, getting to work on Echo's kama and leg pieces. You heard the clang of his holsters as Tech set them down on the trolley.

You were surprised that he knew his way around the medical area. Gently, you clicked off his chest piece and set it beside his leg armour. Out of your periphal, you could see a very worried Wrecker, a hand of his snaking to the back of his neck to scratch it nervously.

"He'll be alright, Wrecker," you clicked off the last pieces of his armour and you silently thanked Tech, "I think it's best if I dismiss you all while I stay and examine Echo."

"With all due respect, sir, it’d be best for you to let us stay here and keep an eye on him," his hand came out in an objecting manner, "Just in case something goes wrong. We're his brothers after all."

You sent Hunter a simpering smile as you made your way around the bed to sit on a rolling stool, "With all do respect, Sergeant, it does seem we're in a medical atmosphere and I do outrank you in this... occupation." Hunter glanced at Tech who merely shrugged at him.

"Very well."

You gently lifted Echo's arm so it was elevated, "If it does make you feel better, you can wait outside as I do this?"

"Yes please!" you heard the big guy speak. The four troopers began to leave the room and your attention was brought back to Echo who was slowly waking up from his unconscious state.

There was a nasty slash on his left shoulder as you carefully rolled up his blacks so it only exposed his human arm. You hadn't realised until now that he had a mechanical arm; a scomp for a hand. You couldn't help but scan his body with your curious eyes. The whole half of his torso was practically machinery. Half-droid, half-human. You had also realised that his cybernetic headpiece made his head rest funny against the pillows.

You tucked a pillow under his neck in hopes it made him somewhat more comfortable, "Thanks," a low voice spoke below you. You almost yelped as you got used to the silence of tending to the clone below you.

"Oh good, you're awake," you chuckled as you went back to cater for his injury? "This is quite the emergency, huh?"

You fully expected a chuckle to come from the clone but it was just silence. His eyes peered down at you like a hawk hunting for its prey. It's almost as if you could feel his stare. You ran a bacta pad around the perimeter of his cut to clean the crusted blood. In return, Echo hissed at the sudden temperature change on his arm. Obviously when he sustained the injury, it felt like Mustafar was coming out of his shoulder.

"Sorry, trooper." you reassured him, placing a clean pad against his arm to wipe of the excess bacta.

"ARC trooper." he finally spoke after what felt like years. It was snappy but it got the message across.

You coughed, trying your best to clear the awkwardness, "Sorry, ARC trooper." you said more in his tone.

You put down the messy bacta pads in the bin after you cleaned the dirty skin around his cut. It looked like it needed to be stitched together and then submerged in more bacta. You reached over for some tools so you could begin the stitching at the top of his shoulder first.

As you looked over at the clone to tell him in a silent way you were going to stitch, his eyes were judging. He was staring.

Again.

"Echo? Y'here? I said I was going to begin your stitching?"

"You're part of the CIS."

You were slightly dumbfounded at the sudden topic, "What?"

"You're a separatist."

You chuckled at his stubborness. Was this a trait most clones have?

"Ex-separatist." you clarified, your voice more stern to gain dominance over the ARCT.

You sprayed the cuts' surface with numbing spray before you began stitching it. It was silent once again but Echo's mind was churning.

He still couldn't believe his team allowed you to be assigned to them. Especially a couple of months after his traumatic experience in becoming a pawn for the separatist knowing his brother's lost battles because of him.

"Still a separatist." it rolled of his tongue quietly.

"Well, at least I was smart enough to leave the CIS and join the Republic." you made your way inch by inch down his cut with skilled stitching. Echo hissed at some of your movements causing you to stop briefly before continuing.

"Took you long enough," he complained. "You could've been killing some of my brothers and for what? Feel of victory?"

You sighed, slowly growing irritated at the clone's words, "I never stepped foot on the battlefield. I worked on Admiral Trench's ship and improving droid programming," a thundering grumble escaped Echo's throat at the sound of Trench's name coming out of your mouth like it was nothing. You noticed how is human fist clenched, tensing up his arm that was still fresh with stitches.

"I advise you not to clench your hand like that, I'm still working on a raw cut here and I can't have you moving." you gritted your teeth, trying to stay as professional as possible.

"You sound like him too." he hissed, referring to Admiral Trench.

You shook your head at his response as you progressed lower and lower down his arm with the stitching. Yet the trooper was still going on about you.

"I really think you should be happy that I joined the GAR and left the CIS," your breath fanned against his non-injured skin. Admittedly, he was glad you're in the Republic now but couldn't help that you worked for the seppies for who knows how long. "I joined them because they were willing to help when the Republic wouldn't."

"Yeah? CIS went out of their way to take innocnet lives captive for territory and authority. Does that solve your issues?" Echo said, agitated.

"Your society surrounding the GAR was corrupt and selfish—"

"You sound a lot like the seppies I used to battle."

"Your past shouldn't be determining the future."

"Don't mention anything about my past, separatist scum." it was too quick to process. He sat up, his face inches away from yours that was filled with more than anger; teeth gritting and eyes squinting at you. You glanced everywhere besides him, his gaze was dominating and dark, making you feel inferior even in his injured condition.

The bay doors swooshed open. Hunter was astonished to find his brother getting all up in your face when you were helping him heal, "Echo!" he barked, clanking footsteps making their way over to you two.

"It's okay, Sergeant," you put your hand against Echo's healthy shoulder to push him back down on the bed. "It was just a triggered reaction." you sighed, looking back at Echo. Luckily, the stitching was complete so all you had to do was wrap him in infused bacta bandages.

Hunter was breathing heavily, "Yeah..." Echo murmured. Hunter nodded at you before making his way out of the medbay. He was more than sure to have a stern chat with Echo later.

As you went to sit back down in your rolling stool, you faced away from Echo. Solely because you didn't want to make him angry even more that'll lead him to be even more injured. You opened a drawer to fish out some infused bacta bandages to wrap the cut in.

Surprisingly, Echo's eyes softened. Your posture seemed weaker, your back arching instead of up straight like most doctors did. He felt bad for snapping at you and getting up in your face but cowardly, he didn't say anything.

What he thought he said was right so why did he have to say something? Instead he kept quiet as you finally turned to him just to avoid eye contact and get his bandages over and done with.

It was a simply roll, wrap, and knot for a shoulder.

"Done." you were a lot quieter now, thinking any more words that left your mouth would trigger something worse from him. You pressed a red button on the side of the bed to let the Batchers know that his brother was ready to move but needed to rest more.

The doors slid open as the four clones walked in. Echo glanced at you one more time before pushing himself to stand. He wobbled a bit, alerting Tech to support him under his right arm. Hunter was happy that Echo seemed better than he was straight out of the battlefield. He went to go thank you, but you raised a hand in front your chest to stop him, flashing him a reassuring smile before walking out of the room.

All the clones watched as you hurriedly exited the room, their eyes eventually turning to Echo.

Hunter spoke up.

"What did you say to her?"

Post-Notes: now that i look back, the ending does sound like a pull to a part two... i wasn't planning on making one but if you guys do really want one, let me know! i hope you enjoyed :p

#echo the bad batch #star wars #ct-1409 #arc trooper echo #the bad batch #the bad batch x reader #echo x reader #clone trooper x reader #mooonjin #first fic!! :D

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synnthamonsugar · 9 months

Note

i don't know how tumblr works so forgive me if i made this prompt in the wrong place

so uhh.... a fic based on number 43 from the intimacy prompt list for mara/shaxx 👉👈

43. Falling asleep with their head in your lap Woe, my very specific headcanons for Mara/Shaxx (and by extension, Mara/Sjur) be upon thee!

Queen Mara Sov drapes against the arm of the blue silk divan, a book of ancient poetry open in her right palm, the stubbled and scarred jawline of�� Lord Shaxx beneath her left fingertips. He rests his head in her lap, atop the smooth leather of her cuisses, dark eyes half-lidded with exhaustion. Through the high windows of the quarters, a twilit blue-purple sky, stars flickering through the vast dust and debris clouds.

In his role as liaison to the Reef in the Great Hunt, Shaxx had come to Mara to report on the lightbearers' progress across the myriad rocky bodies where the wish-dragons had roosted. Off-duty, he stayed to get caught up on the happenings in Mara's life and share his own. The conversation avoided matters of Reef or City news, which Mara appreciated; the Hunt and its attendant diplomacy with the capricious guardians and her own restless subjects wracked her nerves. To talk about the latest productions of the Ghost Community Theater Company and her recent library acquisitions was a welcome reprieve from the grim day-to-day.

"'A grave, a grave,' Lord Barnard cried," she recites from an old Earth poem telling the story of a roguish man, a married woman, and a love triangle that ends in a deadly duel. "'To put these lovers in; but lay my lady on the upper hand, for she came of the better kin.'"

"Is this your way of issuing a warning, Queen Mara?" he asks with good-natured incredulity.

She huffs stiffly. "Unless one of us is a disguised ahamkara, we needn't fear the wrath of the Tempest."

Mara pictures herself and Sjur as two planets circling a star in slightly irregular orbits. Sometimes, celestial mechanics draw them to blissful conjunction, and other times they drift into peaceful divergence. They will always reunite, so there is no sorrow in the matter, no more than Terra mourns Mars when he surpasses her. With the awareness that others may track in and out of their lives like passing comets, there is no jealousy. And no sense of possession over that which cannot be owned.

"I cannot speak for you, but the twinkle in my eyes is merely joy at spending time with you," he assures, right hand idly stroking her bony knuckles. She flips her hand palm-up to lace with his. "Still, I wouldn't decline a rematch. In all my days as warlord and crucible-master, I've never before encountered a fighter of such skilled ferocity. You are fortunate to have her, and the ahamkara are unfortunate to stand in her way."

She trusts Sjur will stand strong against the dragons; she has conquered foes more fearsome and less familiar. Still, Mara anxiously awaits transmission for confirmation that the Queen's Wrath has endured another day unharmed.

"I do not think another living soul would volunteer to stand opposite Sjur's bow," Mara smirks.

He smiles. "We guardians are an odd sort. You know that."

"I do," she says, not finishing her thought: but you aren't, and that's why I like you so.

In a world of reckless children afire with the power of gods, Shaxx is measured, empathetic, diplomatic. Worthy of the trust she so carefully meters out. The lightbearers would do well to be more like him.

She almost says so, but finds his eyes closed, breath slow and steady. Setting the book on the arm of the lounge, she shifts so that her arm tucks around him, and her head rests on his chest, accompanying him in slumber.

#destiny #mara/shaxx #synnth fic #saturnalia 2023

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ghostoffuturespast · 3 months

Note

Hey, I'm working on a small project, and I just wanted someone to confirm or deny something for me.

Do gears and other internal mechanical detail have a place in Cyberpunk?

Hi.

I’m not a mechanical engineer, a computer expert, or a designer by any means but short-answer to your question would be, yes. Mechanisms that can transfer energy from a power source to the thing that needs to move are required to facilitate movement. Mechanical limbs would be a good example.

Can’t say with any certainty on what those internal mechanisms might be or what they’d look like design wise since I’m not sure what you’re working on (and again not an expert on this), but even today we still use quite a few of those things to move stuff. Gears might seem kind of old school but if you’ve ever seen the inside of a combustion engine car transmission, there’s a reason why it’s sometimes referred to as a gearbox and why the phrase “switching gears” exists.

I know in Cyberpunk (the game and the genre), the worldbuilding aesthetic is kinda of a mix of futuristic and retro tech (mainly because it’s a product of the 80s). There’s lots of references to buttons, switches, cassette players - tech that had mechanical elements that were needed to operate. Nowadays, especially in the realm of computers or anything that requires data storage, a lot of those moving components are disappearing in favor of more compact and digital alternatives. Functionally, they take up less space and don’t have the same wear and tear issues that you might have with anything that does move. But being completely digital has its own set of problems too.

TLDR:

Yes, there’s still a place for gears and internal mechanical details in Cyberpunk - it just depends on what you’re putting together, why, and where you’re drawing your inspiration from.

#ask away!#cyberpunk #worldbuilding #not sure where this came from but here's two cents

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wheelsgoroundincircles · 3 months

Text

The Two Most Iconic Wheel Standers of All Time.

Hurst Hemi Under Glass

Hurst Hemi Under Glass is the name given to a series of exhibition drag racing cars campaigned by Hurst Performance between 1965 and 1970 across North America and ended with the '68 model year.

Each wheelstander was based on the current Plymouth Barracuda for the corresponding model year. The car was so named because the fuel injected Chrysler Hemi engine was placed under the Barracuda's exceptionally large rear window. The result of the rearward weight transfer was a "wheelie" down the length of the drag strip.

The Hemi Under Glass was developed by Hurst Corporation to showcase their products in the A/FX class - precursor to funny cars. In 1965, George Hurst hired Wild Bill Shrewsberry of Mansfield, OH, an accomplished drag racer who had raced for both Mickey Thompson and Jack Chrisman. After helping to pioneer it into the first wheelstanding exhibition car, Shrewsberry left at the end of the season to pursue his own project.

For the 1966 season, Bob Riggle, who was also from Mansfield, OH and was involved with Hurst as a mechanic and fabricator became the second driver of the Hurst Hemi Under Glass car and campaigned the cars with Hurst as the sponsor until later years when the Hurst Company was sold to Sunbeam. At that point, the car ran without the Hurst logo and was simply known as the "Hemi Under Glass." Riggle's career ended in 1975 with a devastating accident at US 30 Dragway in Gary, Indiana.

Popular model kits of the car were produced in 1/32 scale by Aurora Plastics Corporation and in 1/25 scale by Model Products Corporation. A limited edition 1/18 scale diecast model of the 1966 car is currently available from Highway 61.[1]

Riggle returned to exhibition racing in 1992 with a 1966 injected version of the car and a 1968 supercharged version of the car.[2] The original 1965 car was stripped for its power train and parts in 1967 for the new Barracuda chassis/body style and no longer exists.[3][4]

While taping the June 26, 2016 episode of Jay Leno's Garage, Riggle, with Leno riding in the passenger seat, rolled a newly constructed '69 version of the Hemi Under Glass after turning sharply at the end of a wheelie run. Neither of the men were hurt, but the car sustained significant damage.[5] Leno was riding along to fulfill another item on his 'Bucket List.'

July, 2016, Mike Mantel of New Braunfels, TX was named as the new driver of the Hemi Under Glass. Mantel took over the '68 car which has the longest performing history of any Hemi Under Glass ever constructed and becomes the third official driver in the brand's 50+ year history.[6] Mantel was only 6 years old when the Hemi Under Glass first took to the track. He has a wide range of driving experience from drag cars, road race, and movie cars. Mantel's original hometown is the city of Hawthorne, CA.

Billy Lawrence Golden (December 31, 1933 – September 14, 2015),[1] nicknamed "Maverick", was an American drag racer. He is probably best known for driving the Little Red Wagon A/FX wheelstander pickup exhibition racer.

Little Red Wagon

Born in Shawnee Township, Illinois, Golden joined the US Marines and first became interested in drag racing while at Camp Pendleton.

Golden was given his "Maverick" nickname in the late 1950s by an announcer at a Southern California dragstrip, because he chose to drive an unconventional 361 cu in (5,920 cc)-powered Dodge Custom Royal. He started racing in AHRA Super Stock, driving Dodges for several years. He was one of the first drivers in AHRA S/S to successfully run an automatic transmission. In 1960, Chrysler offered to provide him parts, when he was driving a Dodge Phoenix, powered by a 330 hp (250 kW) 330 cu in (5.4 L) with twin Carter carburetors and cross-ram intake manifold; the car was capable of quarter-mile times of 13.7 seconds.

By 1962, he was a factory driver, driving an S/SA Dodge. At the 1962 AHRA Winternationals, driving his bright yellow hemi "Taxi Cab" Dodge 330, he scored a "stunning" victory over "Dyno Don" Nicholson's 409 cu in (6,700 cc) factory Chevrolet at Fontana Drag City, to take the Stock Eliminator title, Chrysler's only Nationals win for 1962.

In 1963, Golden worked with Jim Nelson of Dragmasters to improve the car, and won seven Super Stock races out of eight events, taking the Midwest Championship.

At the end of the 1964 season, Chrysler proposed Golden drive the Little Red Wagon A/FX pickup. which became drag racing's first wheelstanding truck.

Little Red Wagon's first outing, at the AHRA Grand American event at Lions Drag Strip, was an 11 second pass at 120 mph (190 km/h). The crowd's very enthusiastic reaction prompted Golden to turn the A/FX truck into a wheelstanding exhibition racer, which he developed a steering mechanism for himself, relying on experience from his day job at Douglas Aircraft Corporation. The wheelstander was wrecked in 1969, 1971, and 1975; the third crash was nearly fatal to Golden.

Golden retired in 2003. He died on September 14, 2015.[3]

#Little Red Wagon #Hurst Hemi Under Glass #car #cars #muscle car #american muscle #mopar #moparperformance #moparnation #moparworld #dodge

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drnikolatesla · 1 year

Text

Nikola Tesla and His Achievements

Although the system of world wireless power transmission consumed most of his attention throughout his life, Nikola Tesla still brought the world many wonderful inventions and discoveries. Stated in chronological order, some of the more notable ones are:

The rotating magnetic field, 1882;

System of arc lighting, 1886;

Tesla motor and system of alternating current power transmission that utilized the rotating magnetic field discovery creating polyphase systems of AC, 1888;

System of electrical conversion and distribution by oscillatory discharges, 1889;

Generators of high-frequency currents and effects of these, 1890;

Transmission of energy through a single wire without return, 1891;

The “Tesla coil,” or oscillation transformer, which was the basis to his wireless transmission of energy making Tesla the true father of radio, 1891;

Investigations of high-frequency effects and phenomena, 1891-93;

System of transmission of intelligence and power without wires, 1891-1905;

Neon light signs, 1893;

Researches and discoveries in radiations, material streams and emanations, today known as X-rays, and X-ray imaging, 1893-1898;

Mechanical oscillators and generators of electrical oscillations, 1894-95;

Radioactivity and cosmic ray discovery published in a series of papers in the "Electrical Review,” New York, 1896-1898;

High-potential vacuum tubes, 1896-1898;

Explained the harms of X-rays and safer ways to use them, 1897;

High-potential magnifying transmitter, 1897;

Economic transmission of energy by refrigeration, 1898;

Remote control, or what Tesla called his “Art of Telautomatics,” 1897-99;

Discovery of stationary electrical waves in the earth, 1899;

Art of transmitting energy by stationary waves through earth, 1899-1900;

Burning of atmospheric nitrogen, and production of other electrical effects of transcending intensities, 1899-1900;

Apparatus for the utilization of cosmic radiation, 1901;

Art of Individualization. Tesla described this as a method of absolute privacy in wireless communication, 1902-1903;

Magnifying transmitter on a large scale, 1902;

Speedometers on new principles, means for lightning protection, types of steam and gas turbines, pressure and vacuum pumps and other apparatus, 1916-1926.

Teleforce, or his “New Art of Projecting Concentrated Non-Dispersive Energy Through Natural Media.” This is his particle beam weapon, circa 1930s.

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breakerwhiskey · 6 months

Text

173 - ONE HUNDRED SEVENTY THREE

Please visit breakerwhiskey.com for more information or to send a message to Whiskey's radio. Breaker Whiskey is an Atypical Artists production created by Lauren Shippen. If you'd like to support the show, please visit patreon.com/breakerwhiskey.

Transcript under the cut. For more episodes, click here.

[click, static]

Okay, I am officially concerned. I don’t know why I didn’t think of this before, but the truck was’t in the drive like usual so I just assumed…

I should have checked the whole house. But I’m so used to never coming into the garage because I know how much you hate your studio being disturbed but when I woke up this morning and you still weren’t home, well, I went in anyway and the truck is still here. In the garage.

It’s running fine—that’s where I’m broadcasting from right now, though obviously I turned the engine off. And I have to say, I’m impressed that you were actually listening when I told you to bring it inside for the winter if you weren’t going to be driving it much. But if you’re not out there driving this truck on a supply run, where are you?

I—I took the other car. Which, I’m sorry to say, is now somewhere in California, having been put out to pasture. But unless you finally decided to take an interest in car mechanics after all this time, I don’t know how else you’d be getting around. I know you love your walks—or, you did, eventually, once you got past the worst of the paranoia, but…you never went on a walk this long.

If you’re—if you’re dead in a ditch somewhere, I’m going to be fucking furious, Harry.

[click, static]

It’s…weird. Being in here. It feels like being inside your head somehow. It’s a goddamn mess, which I didn’t really expect. I’m sure you’ve got your own system—though who the hell knows—but I definitely can’t make sense of it. I’m glad to see you pulled the radio in here though. Maybe you did hear some of my transmissions after all.

Is that why you’re not here? Because you heard me say I was coming and you didn’t want to see me? You’ve enjoyed your life without me so much that you couldn’t bear to have your peace shattered.

Except…you’ve been thinking about me. I know you have. And maybe this is why you never wanted me to be in your studio in the first place.

There’s…a lot of me in here. Paintings, sketches…not all of my face always but you must have known that I’d recognize the curve of my own ear, the shape of my hands.

Have—have you been doing this all along? Or just since I left? Were you always coming in here and spending hours perfecting the color of my hair when some days you wouldn’t even speak to me—

[click, static]

Is this why you asked for the stories behind all my scars? So you could render them in perfect detail, knowing exactly what made them and when? I thought you wanted to know more about me, but maybe it was just an avenue for your art, one of the few subjects that you had access to, too tired of painting birds or trees or images from your own mind.

Or did you ask because you wanted to know? You talked once, about how painting helped you understand the world, or yourself; how that was one of the things you loved about it, one of the reasons you started painting in the first place. Because when nothing else made sense, charcoal and oil and your own hands were able to bring shape to the world.

Were you trying to understand me? Or were you trying to understand what you felt about me? Or was guilt swallowing it all up that you couldn’t uncover anything else.

I just…I need you to come back and explain what this is all about. Because in a room full of canvases and color and stray sketch pages, I keep turning and seeing my own face. I’m everywhere.

[click, static]

There’s a lot of other art too, of course. And it’s all…it’s fucking beautiful. Your art has always been so beautiful.

I…I’ve added to your collection. I picked up a painting when I was in Santa Fe, something that I thought was pretty and that I thought you might—

Well, I’ve left it in here. In case you want to do anything with it. It’s yours.

There are also—well. I wrote you some postcards. But I obviously had no way of sending them to you so I just…held onto them. But you might as well have them now.

I don’t know why I’m saying all of this on the radio like I can’t say it to you face to face. You’ll be back and you’ll probably be annoyed that I left stuff in your studio without asking. There’s no need for me to leave anything for you, not when I can just hand it to you.

But I just have this feeling…

I’m going to look for you tomorrow. Drive to the usual spots, take a walk in the woods behind the house. And because I’m fucking considerate, I’m going to leave a note.

[click, static]

#breaker whiskey #audio drama #episode #transcript #Spotify

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girlactionfigure · 2 years

Text

Immense pride, tinged with sadness.

For those who would like to read the full list:

1908 MECHNIKOV, ELIE

FOR THEIR WORK ON IMMUNITY

1908 EHRLICH, PAUL

FOR THEIR WORK ON IMMUNITY

1914 BARANY, ROBERT

FOR HIS WORK ON THE PHYSIOLOGY AND PATHOLOGY OF THE VESTIBULAR APPARATUS

1922 MEYERHOF, OTTO FRITZ

FOR HIS DISCOVERY OF THE FIXED RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE CONSUMPTION OF

OXYGEN AND THE METABOLISM OF LACTIC ACID IN THE MUSCLE

1930 LANDSTEINER, KARL

FOR HIS DISCOVERY OF HUMAN BLOOD GROUPS

1936 LOEWI, OTTO

FOR THEIR DISCOVERIES RELATING TO CHEMICAL TRANSMISSION OF NERVE IMPULSES

1944 ERLANGER, JOSEPH

FOR THEIR DISCOVERIES RELATING TO THE HIGHLY DIFFERENTIATED FUNCTIONS OF SINGLE NERVE FIBRES

1945 CHAIN, ERNST BORIS

FOR THE DISCOVERY OF PENICILLIN AND ITS CURATIVE EFFECT IN VARIOUS INFECTIOUS DISEASES

1946 MULLER, HERMANN J.

FOR THE DISCOVERY OF THE PRODUCTION OF MUTATIONS BY MEANS OF X-RAY IRRADIATION

1947 CORI, GERTY THERESA, RADNITZ

FOR THEIR DISCOVERY OF THE COURSE OF THE CATALYTIC CONVERSION OF GLYCOGEN

1950 REICHSTEIN, TADEUS

FOR THEIR DISCOVERIES RELATING TO THE HORMONES OF THE ADRENAL CORTEX, THEIR STRUCTURE AND BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS

1952 WAKSMAN, SELMAN A.

FOR HIS DISCOVERY OF STREPTOMYCIN, THE FIRST ANTIBIOTIC EFFECTIVE AGAINST TUBERCULOSIS

1953 LIPMANN, FRITZ ALBERT

FOR HIS DISCOVERY OF CO-ENZYME A AND ITS IMPORTANCE FOR INTERMEDIARY METABOLISM

1953 KREBS, HANS ADOLF

FOR HIS DISCOVERY OF THE CITRIC ACID CYCLE

1958 LEDERBERG, JOSHUA

FOR HIS DISCOVERIES CONCERNING GENETIC RECOMBINATION AND THE ORGANISATION OF THE GENETIC MATERIAL OF BACTERIA

1959 KORNBERG, ARTHUR

FOR THEIR DISCOVERY OF THE MECHANISMS IN THE BIOLOGICAL SYNTHESIS OF RIBONUCLEIC ACID AND DEOXYRIBONUCLEIC ACID

1964 BLOCH, KONRAD

FOR THEIR DISCOVERIES CONCERNING THE MECHANISM AND REGULATION OF THE CHOLESTEROL AND FATTY ACID METABOLISM

1965 JACOB, FRANCOIS

FOR THEIR DISCOVERIES CONCERNING GENETIC CONTROL OF ENZYME AND VIRUS SYNTHESIS

1965 LWOFF, ANDRE

FOR THEIR DISCOVERIES CONCERNING GENETIC CONTROL OF ENZYME AND VIRUS SYNTHESIS

1967 WALD, GEORGE

FOR THEIR DISCOVERIES CONCERNING THE PRIMARY PHYSIOLOGICAL AND CHEMICAL VISUAL PROCESSES IN THE EYE

1968 NIRENBERG, MARSHALL W.

FOR THEIR INTERPRETATION OF THE GENETIC CODE AND ITS FUNCTION IN PROTEIN SYNTHESIS

1969 LURIA, SALVADOR E.

FOR THEIR DISCOVERIES CONCERNING THE REPLICATION MECHANISM AND THE GENETIC STRUCTURE OF VIRUSES

1970 KATZ, BERNARD

FOR THEIR DISCOVERIES CONCERNING THE HUMORAL TRANSMITTERS IN THE NERVE TERMINALS AND THE MECHANISM

FOR THEIR STORAGE, RELEASE AND INACTIVATION

1970 AXELROD, JULIUS

FOR THEIR DISCOVERIES CONCERNING THE HUMORAL TRANSMITTERS IN THE NERVE TERMINALS AND THE MECHANISM

FOR THEIR STORAGE, RELEASE AND INACTIVATION

1972 EDELMAN, GERALD M.

FOR THEIR DISCOVERIES CONCERNING THE CHEMICAL STRUCTURE OF ANTIBODIES

1975 TEMIN, HOWARD M.

FOR THEIR DISCOVERIES CONCERNING THE INTERACTION BETWEEN TUMOR VIRUSES AND THE GENETIC MATERIAL OF THE CELL

1975 BALTIMORE, DAVID

FOR THEIR DISCOVERIES CONCERNING THE INTERACTION BETWEEN TUMOR VIRUSES AND THE GENETIC MATERIAL OF THE CELL

1976 BLUMBERG, BARUCH S.

FOR THEIR DISCOVERIES CONCERNING NEW MECHANISMS FOR THE ORIGIN AND DISSEMINATION OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES

1977 YALOW, ROSALYN

FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF RADIOIMMUNOASSAYS OF PEPTIDE HORMONES

1977 SCHALLY, ANDREW V.

FOR THEIR DISCOVERIES CONCERNING THE PEPTIDE HORMONE PRODUCTION OF THE BRAIN

1978 NATHANS, DANIEL

FOR THE DISCOVERY OF RESTRICTION ENZYMES AND THEIR APPLICATION TO PROBLEMS OF MOLECULAR GENETICS

1980 BENACERRAF, BARUJ

FOR THEIR DISCOVERIES CONCERNING GENETICALLY DETERMINED STRUCTURES ON THE CELL SURFACE THAT

REGULATE IMMUNOLOGICAL REACTIONS

1984 MILSTEIN, CESAR

FOR THEORIES CONCERNING THE SPECIFICITY IN DEVELOPMENT AND CONTROL OF THE IMMUNE SYSTEM AND THE DISCOVERY OF THE

PRINCIPLE FOR PRODUCTION OF MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES

1985 BROWN, MICHAEL S.

FOR THEIR DISCOVERIES CONCERNING THE REGULATION OF CHOLESTEROL METABOLISM

1985 GOLDSTEIN, JOSEPH L.

FOR THEIR DISCOVERIES CONCERNING THE REGULATION OF CHOLESTEROL METABOLISM

1986 COHEN, STANLEY

FOR THEIR DISCOVERIES OF GROWTH FACTORS

1986 LEVI-MONTALCINI, RITA

FOR THEIR DISCOVERIES OF GROWTH FACTORS

1988 ELION, GERTRUDE B.

FOR THEIR DISCOVERIES OF IMPORTANT PRINCIPLES FOR DRUG TREATMENT

1989 VARMUS, HAROLD E.

FOR THEIR DISCOVERY OF THE CELLULAR ORIGIN OF RETROVIRAL ONCOGENES

1994 RODBELL, MARTIN

FOR THEIR DISCOVERY OF G-PROTEINS AND THE ROLE OF THESE PROTEINS IN SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION IN CELLS

1994 GILMAN, ALFRED G.

FOR THEIR DISCOVERY OF G-PROTEINS AND THE ROLE OF THESE PROTEINS IN SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION IN CELLS

1997 PRUSINER, STANLEY B.

FOR HIS DISCOVERY OF PRIONS - A NEW BIOLOGICAL PRINCIPLE OF INFECTION

1998 FURCHGOTT, ROBERT F.

FOR THEIR DISCOVERIES CONCERNING NITRIC OXIDE AS A SIGNALING MOLECULE IN THE CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM

2000 GREENGARD, PAUL

FOR THEIR DISCOVERIES CONCERNING SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION IN THE NERVOUS SYSTEM

2000 KANDEL, ERIC R.

FOR THEIR DISCOVERIES CONCERNING SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION IN THE NERVOUS SYSTEM

2002 BRENNER, SYDNEY

FOR THEIR DISCOVERIES CONCERNING GENETIC REGULATION OF ORGAN DEVELOPMENT AND PROGRAMMED CELL DEATH

2002 HORVITZ, H. ROBERT

FOR THEIR DISCOVERIES CONCERNING GENETIC REGULATION OF ORGAN DEVELOPMENT AND PROGRAMMED CELL DEATH

2004 AXEL, RICHARD

FOR THEIR DISCOVERIES OF ODORANT RECEPTORS AND THE ORGANIZATION OF THE OLFACTORY SYSTEM

2006 FIRE, ANDREW Z.

FOR THEIR DISCOVERY OF RNA INTERFERENCE - GENE SILENCING BY DOUBLE-STRANDED RNA

2011 STEINMAN, RALPH M.

FOR THEIR DISCOVERIES CONCERNING THE ACTIVATION OF INNATE IMMUNITY

2011 BEUTLER, BRUCE A.

FOR THEIR DISCOVERIES CONCERNING THE ACTIVATION OF INNATE IMMUNITY

2013 SCHEKMAN, RANDY W.

FOR THEIR DISCOVERIES OF MACHINERY REGULATING VESICLE TRAFFIC, A MAJOR TRANSPORT SYSTEM IN OUR CELLS

2013 ROTHMAN, JAMES E.

FOR THEIR DISCOVERIES OF MACHINERY REGULATING VESICLE TRAFFIC, A MAJOR TRANSPORT SYSTEM IN OUR CELLS

2017 ROSBASH, MICHAEL

FOR THEIR DISCOVERIES OF MOLECULAR MECHANISMS CONTROLLING THE CIRCADIAN RHYTHM

Likud Herut UK

#Israel #Nobel prize #Jewish Pride

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