#online grimoire

[esoteric-chaos]

Esoteric Chaos Masterpost - Online Grimoire

Need help finding all of my personal posts on my blog? Look no further! Here is everything collected in one place for you.

If a link is not working please let me know and I'll fix it immediately. If you do not see a link and it's just text* those are upcoming posts scheduled.

Spiritual Hygiene and Beginner Work - The foundations of witchcraft and spiritual upkeep

Grounding and Centering - How-Tos and Methods

Cleansing - The How-Tos and Methods

Banishing - The How-Tos and Methods

Protection - The How-Tos and Methods

Warding - The How-Tos and Methods

Low Energy Practices - Spoonie Edition*

Basics in Witchcraft - The basics of witchcrafting

Intention

Visualization

Energy Manipulation*

Safety in Witchcraft

Spell Crafting Basics - The basics of spellcrafting

"How do I create a spell? Spell reversals?"*

"What is casting a circle? Do I need to?"*

"How do I Power my Spells?"*

"Planetary Timing? What’s that?"*

"My Spell Backfired! Help!"*

"I Think I Was Cursed. What Do I Do?"*

Wheel of the Year Masterpost - Spoonie Witch-Friendly

Intermediate/Advanced Witchcraft - Types of more advanced practice

What is Intermediate and Advanced Witchcraft?*

What is Energy Work?*

Divination*

Cursing, Hexing and Jinxing*

What is Ancestor Work? Breaking it down and how to start + extra

Types of Magic - Different categories of witchcraft

Lunar magic*

Glamour magic*

Hearth magic*

Chaos Magic*

Energy Healing 101

Kitchen Witchcraft - Infused Cooking Oils, Dinner Recipes, Baking, Tea Blends, Syrups, Etc

Kitchen Witchcraft Masterpost

Herbalism - Herbal Education, Recipes

Herbalism Masterpost

Spells - Spells, Pop Culture Spells, Sigils, Spell Oils, Spell Powders

Spells Masterpost

Spoonie Witchcraft

Low Energy Witchcraft - Chronic Fatigue Edition

Disability-Friendly Prosperity Magic

Tips and Tricks

Low Energy Cleansing Tip

Extra’s - Any extra reading material on different topics

Sustainability and Witchcraft*

Endangered and Threatened Plants and Resins*

UPDATED: 4/06/24

[sourdoughservitor]

Phases of the Moon

While the sabbats are a big part of the Wheel of the Year, so too are the moon cycles. By following the moon's orbit we can live in closer harmony with it and use its influences to empower ourselves and our craft.

[Image credit: Nasa, 2023.]

🌑 🌒 🌓 🌔 🌕 🌖 🌗 🌘 🌑

The moon is intrinsically tied to the Earth and us--it is observable in tides, seasons, and bodily processes. It may have an impact on us psychologically or physiologically in ways not yet fully understood. One aspect of living in harmony with the world is living in harmony with the moon and its cycles and phases.

There are 9 distinct phases of the moon: the new moon, dark moon, full moon, first and third quarters, and the waxing and waning crescent and gibbous moons.

New Moon

The first lunar phase, new moons occur following the moon’s absence during the dark moon. In this stage, the moon is directly between the earth and the sun. They represent new beginnings and provide space for growth. New moons are an excellent time to set intentions, plant seeds (metaphorically and literally), be creative, and to manifest desires.

Waxing Crescent

The waxing crescent is the second lunar phase and represents the first stage of growth. The moon begins its orbit around earth here. They possess high magnetic energies, which are constructive, and empower invocation magic. It is a good time for planning, envisioning, and divination.

First Quarter

The first quarter is the third lunar phase and is associated with attraction and growth. Magic surrounding summoning and seeking is effectively powerful during this time, especially when trying to draw in lost objects, emotions, and memories.

Waxing Gibbous

The fourth lunar phase, the waxing gibbous resists stagnation, and aids in endurance and motivation. This is the final push before the apex of the moon's orbit. A provider of willpower, the waxing gibbous can help in overcoming trials and tribulations.

Full Moon

Full moons are the most notorious of the lunar phases, as the moon is at its full strength and exerts its influence with abandon. The entire face of the moon is visible at this time and the moon shines at its brightest. During this peak, the moon lends witches its strength, its sense of action, and its proclivity for development. It is also a time slated for clear-sighted divination.

 In Celtic and Old English tradition, full moons have names and meanings depending on the time of year during which they are present. Put simply, there is a full moon for each month, plus the occasional extra one per year. See my forthcoming post about the full moons and their names.

Waning Gibbous

The waning gibbous is the sixth lunar phase and represents the period in which the moon begins to fade. It is a powerful period in which to practice magics that repel, banish, or destroy, as well as those that cleanse and heal. It is also wise to practice self-care in the wake of the full moon. This is an excellent period in which to root out and dispel unwanted energies as the moon’s light fades and darkness rises.

Third Quarter

The seventh lunar phase involves the overcoming of obstacles as one nears completion. The moon's visibility begins to rapidly fall. It aids in withstanding transitions.

Waning Crescent

The eighth lunar phase sees the last fragment of the moon as it nears depletion. This period aids in greater banishing and dissolution magic. Energy is drained in this period, both positive and negative, and is a good time to re-focus on important things; for prioritization. Self-care is needed to balance lower energy levels. Protection also warrants attention during this time, as one prepares for the moon’s absence during the dark moon.

Dark Moon

The ninth and final lunar phase is represented by the absence of the moon entirely. It can last 2 to 3 days, and witches may experience low energy and power. This mundane period may be used for reflection, introspection, and gratitude for the world around one. Shadow work may be particularly meaningful and fruitful during this period.

[image credit: Nasa, 2023.]

Conclusion

The moon has power, and it's crucial to live in harmony with its cycles. By following its comings and goings, its waxings and wanings, we can learn to address our needs more meaningfully and use our power to its fullest potential.

Thanks for reading! Bb

see my Year of the Wheel masterpost for more!

References

SpacePlace. (2023, June 12). What Are the Moon’s Phases? Nasa. https://spaceplace.nasa.gov/moon-phases/en/

[awitchandhersecrets]

Reference: Endangered/At Risk Herbs

White Sage

Sandalwood

Echninacea

Black Cohosh

Frankincense

Palo Santo

(More information and further research references found in Spells for Change by Frankie Castanea)

[thevirginwitch]

Property Locator Spell for House-Hunting

This spell is a small part of “A Witch’s Guide to Moving & House-Hunting”, a zine I’m currently putting together! You can view the full draft and research notes of this zine over on my Patreon now!

What You’ll Need:

a map of the general area you wish to move

a pendulum (you can also use a necklace with a charm/pendant or crystal)

rosemary oil (optional but helpful)

candlelight

Directions:

Gather your supplies and cleanse your map, pendulum, and the area where you’ll be casting the spell. Prep how you normally would for spell work (meditation, journaling, etc). Light your candles and relax your ind!

Dab a bit of the rosemary oil on your pendulum (optional) and ask the pendulum to reveal the best location for your new home

Spread out the map on a table/flat surface, and hold the pendulum over the middle of the map, allowing it to hang loose over it

Close your eyes envision the pendulum locating an area that you would prefer - good schools, large neighborhood, close to a park, etc - imagine anything that would be desirable to you. You may also choose to chant or say something in your head along the lines of “Pendulum pendulum, work your magic for me. Open my eyes to my dream home, for health, hearth and prosperity.”

Open your eyes and hold your hand very still. Your pendulum should begin to swing, twirl or pull in a certain direction. Slowly move your hand in the direction the pendulum is pulling.

Ask the pendulum to stop over the requested location.

Mark the area, thank the pendulum and map, and end the spell.

[cozycoffeewitch]

[azraelsdeadthings]

Grounding - What is it and how to do it

What is grounding?

Ground is bonding and exchanging energy with different elements, but typically, people ground to bond and exchange energy with Earth.

Grounding isn't just used in witchcraft/paganism, it is also used in different types of Therapy, like CBT, DBT, etc.

Why is grounding used in Witchcraft?

To help discover a safe space within themselves

To be present

To form an energetic or spiritual connection to the Earth

To prepare for any magical working

To rejuvenate your energy

Gets you in the mood to practice

Prepares you to pull energy from the Earth or to raise energy

What are some benefits of grounding?

Decrease pain, anxiety, depression, stress

Restore balance to the body

Increase energy

Brings you back to the present

Improved self control, focus, self care, and clarity

How to ground

There are many different ways to ground, and not all ways will work for you. It may take many trials and errors, but you will find a way that works!

Here's some ways that help me!

Stimming (shaking hands, moving my body, fidgeting with sensory tools, etc)

Walking on grass with bare feet

Holding/rubbing crystals (doesn't even have to be crystals that are for grounding)

Drawing/doodling

Showering

[wingsadorned]

finally started a book of shadows on goodnotes ! super excited about it honestly 🤍

[thebattywitch]

i can ramble on for years about notion and how using it for my online grimoire/deity work has honestly changed my life

[the-honeysuckle]

Online Grimoire!

this is completely inspired by @thevirginwitch thank you for the wonderful idea! finding things is much easier than with google docs :)

note that this is only part of my notebook (which is what I want to call it) and it is most definitely not done wiyet!

[aquatofanabotanicals]

Plants to grow outside your house for protection:

Rose bushes (Rosa rubiginosa) - a popular bramble bush with attractive blooms. Plant these around windows and bordering the inside of fences to provide a thorny barrier against would-be home invaders.

Rue (Ruta graveolens) - a low-growing shrub with bright yellow flowers that will cause painful blisters and irritation upon contact with human skin. Historically, it has been used in exorcisms throughout the Middle East, and Greek priestesses who had taken a vow of chastity planted it around their living spaces for protection.

Rosemary (Salvia rosmarinus) - a popular cooking herb that will help to keep flies and mosquitoes away, while attracting good luck.

Mint (Mentha) - a fragrant herb that repels mosquitoes, mites, and various other insects.

Lemon balm (Melissa officinalis) - a pleasantly fragrant herb that repels flies and gnats while attracting honeybees and butterflies.

Marigolds (Calendula officinalis) - a vibrant yellow/orange blossom that repels nematodes and rabbits. Often called "the herb of the sun", this is a great flower to add to your garden for attracting good luck, happiness, and warmth.

Notes:

Do not plant thorn-heavy or contact-poisonous plants if you are are not able to keep pets or children from touching them.

Keeping your outdoor plants in pots will make them easier to manage, especially if you live in a place with unpredictable weather where you may have to bring them inside.

[spark-enchanter]

TW: Topic of blood in use of magic.

Blood in Magic

Blood is binding in magic. More-so than most other things. I am going to break down my understanding of basic blood magic in this post.

Blood in History (a very short, incomplete summary)

Through parts of history, blood was understood to be the life-force of a person. During belief of the four humors, it was said that those with blood as their predominant humor were in most health; with good constitutions; and maintained levelheadedness. This was true so long as the blood was not entirely out of balance. Once removed from the body, it dries up and turns brown, becoming dead. Even in "death," blood would be seen as valuable in medicine. There was value seen in the continuation of "good" blood, seen in the importance of bloodlines. Royals were said to have different blood than the layman. Gods were/are said to not bleed at all, as losing blood would be losing life-force, and they are believed immortal. There are even ritualistic blood substitutes that prevail today in use of modern religion.

Personal Take on Blood in Magic

Blood magic is binding magic. If one chooses to believe in blood as life-force for spiritual, religious, or historic practice reasons, then it holds ground for those reasons. Outside of those, I maintain it would continue to be binding as per magical theory. To explain this part of magical theory, blood is a genetic tag-lock. I am going to give my personal correspondences and belief systems around blood work so that it may be more easily understood by some.

Red: vitality, connection to the roots of life, activity, warmth/heat, power

Blood comes from the body red, and once removed for a long enough period, turns brown. It begins fluid and turns into something which crumbles like ash. If enough is lost, the living physical entity is considered dead themselves. With loss of blood comes a loss of vitality and activity, all warmth is lost from the body, and the connection to the roots of life are severed.

Iron: strength, protection, power, courage, conquest, mortality, binding force

Blood has a metallic taste which itself could be used as correspondence, but this taste comes form the iron used to create hemoglobin necessary for red blood cells to carry oxygen throughout the body. Without oxygen being delivered throughout, the body would not function. Iron is in celestial bodies, such as stars. It can be associated not only with the Earth, but with the universe as well. This well mirrors the physical body, and the spirit. (Stars that begin forming iron in their core are also on their way out, further associating with mortality with the material, aside form its association with blood.) Iron is fantastic in binding magic as it is commonly known as a strong, ungiving thing. (Not to mention its wide use historically and modernly in binding items such as shackles, chains, and cages.)

By using blood in magic, you are taking something which is vital for life, and integrating it into your work. Once it is used, the energy cannot be separated from the working, as you have given life energy to it that now belongs to the work. If used in fluid form, and it is your blood which is given, the energy is still tethered to you. Anything that contains your DNA is going to be a genetic tag-lock. This binds the working to yourself and your life-force, making the working inherently binding (a genetic tag-lock) on top of any conscious binding done in the working as well. If the blood is "dead" before the working, it becomes tethered to earthen energies of the area, and binds itself accordingly, unless consciously bound elsewhere, such as a designated object or entity. I specify conscious binding, but energies of blood may also bind itself elsewhere due to unconscious effort from an entity by means of emotional influence. Dead blood still contains DNA and has potential to be a genetic tag-lock. If this is not desired, I recommend setting the dead blood in the sun or in high heat for a few hours. This will break down the cells and allow it to be solely a component.

Because blood magic deals with life-force, it is considered very powerful and does take more to dismantle if the initial working was done properly. For the same reasons, I recommend practitioners are mindful when using this method in spell-craft, as unconscious binding may occur due to lazy, inattentive, or inexperienced energy practices. After the working has been completed, the effort it takes to undo a blood spell if you have a change of heart is very difficult and something to keep in mind before undertaking blood magic.

I will make more posts in the future that talk about the topic of blood in spell-craft, as I find the implementation and specifics fascinating. One such post will be a brief touch upon blood in protective magic, which I am excited for.

[sourdoughservitor]

My Year of the Wheel

(image credit: Wikipedia)

Starting on Yule of this year (December 21, 2023), I will be following a project I'm calling my Year of the Wheel. For the following 365 days, I will observe the Wheel of the Year in order to deepen my connection to my craft and develop my practice. I’ve been a witch for over two years now, but I still don’t feel like it’s permeated my life thoroughly–despite the fact that it feels like my real self, and that it helps me on my healing journey. During this year, I will endeavor to do the following:

observe the Wheel of the Year sabbats

observe the full moons and other events

build my practice into my daily life

focus on my passions and interests such as witchcraft and fiction writing

realize and embody my core values, and learn to set aside those that are less important

practice witchcraft each of the 365 days of the coming year

Using these goals, I hope to ritualize and habitualize my craft. Overall, my goal is to use the Year of the Wheel to deepen my connection with my craft and aid me on my journey of self-healing and becoming a stronger, better person.

I wish to develop my divination skills, so please follow me if you want to see my posts about free readings I'll be doing! I hope to do them frequently, at least a couple times a week. I mostly do tarot but I will expand them over time. Also, feel free to ask about anything 💚

I may not post here daily, but I guarantee I'll be journalling and reflecting on how I practiced daily, and I wish to share here the lessons I learn, the information I discover, and the tips I want to share.

Important disclaimer: I do not profess to be the most knowledgeable academic about witchcraft or paganism. While I do my best to be critical and conduct responsible research, I am ultimately pursuing the craft for myself, and my path is designed to suit my needs and goals. Please take my content (as you should all content) with a grain of salt, and use for yourself only what suits your needs.

Please see below for the master list of my Year of the Wheel posts.

•☽────✧⋆⋅☆⋅⋆✧────☾•

Sabbats & the Wheel of the Year

Imbolc

Yule

Twelve Days of Omen

Phases of the Moon

Full Moons

Other Things

Daily, Weekly, & Monthly Quests

Major Arcana Grand Tableau*

Year Ahead Spread

How to Be an Eco-Friendly Witch*

* not my post

[awitchandhersecrets]

Reference Herbs/Flower/Food (from Spells for Change by Frankie Castanea)

Basil - Prosperity

Geranium - Prosperity, fertility, avert gossip/negativity

Hydrangea - Hex breaker, remove obstacles, protection

Chamomile - Remove baneful magic

Lavender - Protect against evil eye

Marigold - Stop evil from entering home (string of them garlanding the front of the house maybe)

Lemon - Purification, cleansing

[grimmstar-grimmoire]

History of Witchcraft Timeline: Witchcraft in the Ancient World

As long as there have been written records, there have been records of those who had abilities or magic that went beyond those of ordinary people.

As far back as 3000 B.C.E., there are records from both ancient Sumaria and ancient Egypt about magical systems and spells.

Just from ancient Egypt alone, historians have found texts full of spells, including The Pyramid Texts, The Coffin Texts, and (most well-known of them) The Book of the Dead. There are also references to certain priests who were tasked with keeping the Pharoah safe from harm or curses (a clear form of protection magic), and there were even spells to try to raise a dead Pharoah and bring them back to life.

And then, of course, there's The Bible. One of the earliest references of witchcraft in the Bible was written sometime between 931 B.C.E. and 721 B.C.E. The text is found in the story of King Saul taking counsel with the Witch of Endor. The witch summoned Samuel's spirit to assist Saul in defeating the Philistine army. Instead of giving Saul advice, Samuel's spirit foretold of Saul and his sons dying in battle. The next day, Saul's sons died in battle, and Saul killed himself. And that's just one story of many; in general, The Bible is full of mentions of witchcraft, divination, and magic, demonstrating how commonplace such practices were.

And, as in more modern times, some places were more fearful of witchcraft than others. In China, the Empress Wei (129 B.C.E. to 91 B.C.E.) and daughter of the Emperor Wu (ruled from 141 B.C.E. to 87 B.C.E.) were accused of practicing the dark arts. The Empress was exiled to the capital city for practicing love magic in her attempt to become pregnant. The woman helping her, along with 300 other people involved in creating magical potions, were executed.

Ancient Romans and Greeks are credited with making witchcraft a concept of magic and superstition. The Greeks tended to view witches in a negative light, while the Romans practiced and cast spells, believing in various superstitions. Romans are credited with making magia (magic) a type of generalized concept that was first used in literature sometime between 23 and 79 B.C. by Virgil, a poet.

Indigenous American and African Witchcraft

Witchcraft is an ancient world practice. Timelines are difficult to pinpoint for closed cultures, such as Indigenous Americans, and to those that are a mix of religion and magic, such as those found in Africa (Vodou). Vodou migrated to Haiti, Brazil, Cuba, and America, specifically New Orleans, which evolved into Voodoo. America became a vast melting pot of cultures, religions, and beliefs, especially witchcraft and magic. A unique form of religion and witchcraft, Hoodoo, combined Indigenous American traditions/practices with African and even European magical rituals that included grimoires. Biblical context was added to this New World hybrid religion that was Christian based to disguise the ancient magical practices.

History of Witchcraft Timeline: The Middle Ages

People often associate the Middle Ages with witch hunts and the like, but the fact of the matter is that many of those happened in the Early Modern Period, after the year 1500. While far from being a tolerant free-for-all, the Middle Ages were clearly an age in which a good part of the population believed in magic.

While it was widely condemned by both religion and governments, the sheer number of books and texts that include magical formulas, spells, and rituals makes it clear that it was a popular belief system among many laypeople. The Church, largely concerned with ridding the world of paganism (and making it clear that God and the Saints due to their holiness, and not man, were the only ones capable of magic), went from considering magic to be nothing more than superstition to accepting that witches do exist, though this didn't officially happen until 1484. This, of course, led to trials and executions.

However, things only got worse during the late 1400s, and those things led up to the witch hunt craze in the 1500s through 1700s. Once the Church said that witches exist, it didn't take long for witches to become scapegoats for all manner of things and in 1487, a German inquisitor named Heinrich Kramer released a text called The Malleus Maleficarum, which soon was second only in sales to The Bible itself. The book detailed the various offenses of witches and recommended punishment for those offenses.

Before long, witch hunts were the trend, in Europe and then, later, in the New World.

History of Witchcraft Timeline: The Early Modern Period

Things got bad in Europe, to say the least, for anyone suspected of being a witch. While it was mostly women, some men were tried as well. Older women, single women, and those who kept to themselves were especially vulnerable, made worse by the continued popularity and expansion of the Malleus Maleficarum, which was reprinted multiple times between 1487 and 1669. Each release added new offenses. As the popularity of the book grew, even most laypeople started to see witchcraft and magic not as harmless superstitions, but as the work of the Devil.

And it wasn't just the supposed witches themselves. No, in the height of the witch hunt obsession, even those who were suspected of knowing a witch could be tried and found guilty. The rise of Protestantism only made it worse, since both Protestants and Catholics alike believed that witches were in league with the Devil. And, because religion was so strongly tied to everyday life in the Middle Ages, that meant those accused were ostracised and often lived in fear of those around them. By the time the hunts and trials finally ended in Europe, it's estimated that somewhere between 40,000 and 50,000 people had been executed, most of them women.

Over time, the obsessive witch panic eventually died down in Europe... just in time for it to rise in the Colonies.

American Witches and Salem Witch Trials

The boiling pot of Colonial America brought a myriad of cultures, superstitions, and, of course, witchcraft. The fear associated with superstitions, magic, and witchcraft grew into a frenzied panic when three young girls from Salem Village, Massachusetts accused three women of witchcraft. Elizabeth (9), the daughter of Reverend Parris, along with her cousin Abigail Williams (11), and Ann Putnam (11) claimed to be possessed by the devil. The girls accused -- Tituba (Parris' Caribbean enslaved laborer), Sarah Osborne (poor elder), and Sarah Good (homeless beggar) of casting a spell on them. This started a hailstorm of accusations and resulted in the Salem Witch Trials. After days of interrogation:

Tituba confessed and was eventually pardoned.

Sarah Osborne died before trial.

Good was the first hanged for witchcraft although she never confessed.

The paranoia spread to other townships and before it subsided, over 200 people were accused of witchcraft. Twenty were hanged. The paranoia came to an end in the Colonies in great part due to an article written by Benjamin Franklin, which ridiculed the entire situation. And by 1700 in Britain, belief in witchcraft was cause for derision, with laws being passed instead saying that anyone who claimed to be a witch was a fraud, because of course witchcraft wasn't a real thing!

History of Witchcraft Timeline: The Late Modern Period

It's safe to say that witchcraft never fully went away. Sometimes, it was practiced in secret. Sometimes, it was folded into Christianity and called "folk magic." There are people who have always been drawn to the old ways, the old beliefs, and it was in the Late Modern period that those people began to step into the pubic eye and reclaim their beliefs.

Much of modern witchcraft (as well as the creation of Wicca) can be traced directly to English Egyptologist Margaret Murray, who wrote a book called The Witch Cult in Western Europe (1921). Murray wrote that a coven was made up of 12 witches with the devil as the coven's leader. She proclaimed the witches practiced animal and child sacrifices. However, in her 1933 book, The God of the Witches, Murray's opinion about witches and the devil seemed to have changed. In her second book, she referred to Satan as The Horned God and renamed the witch-cult as the old religion that predated Christianity.

Not too long after, this led to the creation of Wicca. Gerald Gardner wrote a book in 1954 called Modern Witchcraft, which gave the modern blueprint for the practice followed by those who ascribe to the Wiccan religion. Gardner drew heavily on both the work of Murray, as well as the work of Aleister Crowley, who, like Gardner, called for a resurgence in the old pagan beliefs, as well as a yearly schedule of rituals and celebrations based on solstices, equinoxes, and seasons. Gardner's book was later reworked by future Wicca leader Doreen Valiente, who removed much of the Crowley-inspired information in the book.

Wicca rose in popularity in the United States in the 1970s, and has only grown more popular as time has gone on.

However, Wicca isn't the only form of witchcraft to rise in modern times. Modern druidism also saw a resurgence, with druids inventing, borrowing, and creating rituals to connect them to their druidic roots.

Witchcraft Today

All of this brings it full-circle. Today, books, websites, blogs, and even courses and conferences about witchcraft abound, and you can find information about any facet of the craft that interests you, whether it's Wicca, green witchcraft, hedge witchery, kitchen witchery, or good old-fashioned folk magic. It's worth noting here that not all Wiccans consider themselves to be witches, and not all witches are Wiccan. Wicca is a religious belief, and witchcraft doesn't necessarily tie itself to faith. That's up to each individual practitioner.

The world has expanded. With the rise of the internet and social media, it's so easy to connect to those things that call to you, to form one's own belief system and practice, and that is something the witches of old would have appreciated.

[obscenegrimoire]

Working with a deity, and want to give your spell jars a boost?

Within boundaries of your agreement with said deity, use the wax from their burning candle as an additional seal to the jar! I only use a little bit, but I always will do it, especially if the deity resonates with the spellwork.

[cozycoffeewitch]

Blessed Beltane!