#primitive data types

[snarp]

I don't know how to code but I also don't know how to stop.

[removeload-academy]

C++ Primitive Data Types in Hindi | C++ Data Types | C++ Tutorials

In C++, primitive data types (also called fundamental data types) are the most basic types of data provided by the language. They are built into the language and do not require additional libraries or header files to use. Each primitive data type in C++ has a predefined meaning and behavior. For more details, Kindly check my website URL. https://www.removeload.com/cpp-data-types

[vhaos-chaotic-writing]

yandere Hc/scenario In every soundwave you know please!!!! Everyday I'm craving for his content... although I'm more into human but I guess I could open to all kind like cybertronian s/o too

I'll be doing Prime, One and Earthspark since those are the versions I know best! (´▽｀Uu) I would do Animated too - but I know little of the series and only more about Optimus, Bee and Starscream.

（*＾-＾*）

Yandere!Soundwave (Headcanons) (TFP, TFO & TFE)

WARNINGS: Yandere behaviour. Mentions of stalking, kidnapping, obsessive ideas/thoughts. Reader is human (TFp & TFE) and Cybertronian (TFO) and gender neutral.

TRANSFORMERS PRIME: SOUNDWAVE

A possessive yandere that stalks and recollects everything about his beloved S/O.

Soundwaves was sure he would come to hate humans - they were like... parasites, too primitive. Inferior.

And yet - you were not like the other humans. You were... more.

Perfect, ethereal, unique - Soundwave was sure he caught a glitch or something, but his spark would beat at the rythm of your own heartbeat (Soundwave was sure his spark and your heart were bonded, connected - synchronized) whenever he got to see you.

Sadly, the Autobots got you before you and him got to meet like true sparkmates, as you accidentally saw one fight between the vehicons and that yellow autobot.

Soundwave got to see you when he connected with one of the vehicons and saw through their optics... oh, precious you.

To this day, Soundwave is not sure what made him fall overpedes for you - and that frustrastes him as it is the only knowledge he doesn't possess.

Definitely stalks you if you have any type of presence on the internet, no matter if you are a private user or an influencer.

Everything about you - any photo, any username, any post, e-mail, ubication, everything about you rests now deep inside of his system as data, and he keeps collecting more and more.

Soundwave would manage to kidnap you after sending you a false message under the impression it was from any of the autobots that tasked you to meet somewhere so they could take you to the base.

Before you could yell for help, you were already snatched.

Every little reaction, sound, mannerism, body language - anything is getting recorded and Soundwave is just so fascinated.

Treats you like the most fragile thing in the whole universe.

Allows himself to be selfish and keep you in his arms, working and from time to time, look down at you and place a kiss emoji in his mask.

Escaping is a far away dream of yours now - Soundwave knows everything and hears everything, and he made sure to not let you see anything about the Nemesis when he brought you to his quarters.

You are trapped - like a precious butterfly inside of a glass case.

"Soundwave: loves dearly S/O. Soundwave: knows everything about S/O. S/O: Soundwave's sparkmate."

TRANSFORMERS EARTHSPARK: SOUNDWAVE

Earthspark Soundwave gives me the vibes of a yandere that starts obsessing with you out of hate.

He wants to hate you - you were a human! A human like G.H.O.S.T (even when you were not related to that organization) that locked him and his fellow teammates after that traitor of Megatron betrayed all of them!

Changing a little bit the Earthspark's story - you and Soundwave crossed paths when Soundwave managed to escape from G.H.O.S.T's HQ - it was at night, and he was trying to find somewhere to hide.

Like the Maltos, many people in Witwicky had their homes in the forest. And it just happened that you had a home like that, too. Soundwave managed to hide behind it - and by Primus' choice, you were still wide awake right at 3 AM.

You would have screamed in fear at the sight of a giant robot - but you quickly catched on at how he just seemed to be trying to hide, not attacking you or anything. And when you heard many cars pulling right outside of your home.

Soundwave was just about to start running again, but when he heard the front door open and you come out, already screaming your lungs out to the agents to leave your property and such, managing to even scare them off as you didn't allow them to speak or anything.

"Threaten me all you want - it is 3 freaking AM and you are all suddenly just arriving to my property! I will call my lawyers and the town's mayor!" You yell as the agents finally leave. And you turn to the tall robot who peaks his helm from the back of your house. "Uh... you can stay - just, do not get those weirdos back or something. Good night."

Ugh! How Soundwave loaths you! With your boring life and your sympathy and your will to keep him hidden and stay at your territory! Your human behaviour, always telling him he could count with you, that you could be a shoulder to cry on and how you always give him that kind smile and those reassuring words, and...

In a few days and night, Soundwave becomes a protective, obsessive yandere who is not afraid of destroying others if it means to keep you safe.

Is not afraid of snatching you from your home and life the moment Optimus, Megatron and the others find out about his whereabouts and about you.

Vows silently to protect you with his own life - he was gonna shed the energon of others and his own to keep you safe and sound.

Cry and beg all you want to Soundwave about letting you go - he is not going to do so, dear. He is keeping you safe, he is keeping you far away from the same bots who ruined his life.

He is not gonna let them take you away from him - his new light of hope, his new reason to live and fight.

TRANSFORMERS ONE: SOUNDWAVE

You and Soundwave have known each other from a long time ago.

You two worked together, and you two followed the High guard after defecting from the False Prime's orders after witnessing all the horrible things he did and the murder of the Primes.

Many times you grieved after watching the fall of the Primes, knowing all of you were now in danger if Sentinel Prime and his followers found you all, no longer able to go home and knowing so many innocents were suffering at the hands of that monster.

Soundwave held you closer as you cried against his chesplate, trying to whisper you hopeful words... but he was slowly spiraling in a sea of despair and that sensation of everything seeming lost.

A delusional, overprotective yandere - with the pass of time, he starts to actually believe you two are the conjux of the other.

Doesn't leave you alone - he is always by your side or keeping you with him.

If he was already too protective before, with the arrival of those four bots from Iacon and the sight of how one of them nearly ended Starscream, Soundwave became ten times more protective - and add another 100 times when they were attacked by Sentinel Prime's people.

Imagine the despair and down righ madness if Soundwave witnessed you being one of the bots that got taken back to Iacon.

He might have actually... killed a few bots when he got into Iacon to fight back against Sentinel Prime's defenses.

When he found you, he hugged you so tightly and promised to protect you - he promised to kill anyone who ever tried to take away his beloved conjux.

You become a precious gem - when he leaves to follow Megatron after he is vanished from Iacon, he takes you with him, and you comply.

It was the mech you've known for so many years!

... But you can't help but be afraid at the fact that... the Soundwave you knew has changed.

And you decided to kept silence whenever he would whisper to you sweet, protective and delusional promises - you are his conjux, after all. He has to protect you, and he is not afraid of beheading anybot who stands in his way.

Can you believe I couldn't find a good TFO Soundwave gif here on tumblr? Tumblr, help me out, man. (╬▔皿▔)╯Vhaos out!

[keferon]

Why’d monster hunter brainstorm timetravel to the specific era the story takes place?

Will the others ever see his alt mode?

The reason is the same as in canon - he wanted to save Quark.

Okay, I'll try and keep this short and sweet.

Brainstorm lives in the far future and is happy with Quark, until one day it turns out that Quark has a fatal spark disease that will kill him if nothing is done about it. They of course go to the hospital, but it turns out that only certain types of the disease are treatable and modern science still can't do anything about it.

Long story short, no one knows how to cure Quark's spark.

Brainstorm, as a true scientist and a good conjunx, naturally begins to research the subject himself and stumbles upon some strange information. All the sources, studies and records on the study of this disease go back a long fucking way. All that modern scientists have been doing for the last million years is just improving and refining the method of treatment, which was invented in absolute antiquity.

Brainstorm investigates further.

He discovers, all the original research records belonged to a mech named Perseptor, who amongst many other things was studying sparks. And it's when Brainstorm manages to get his hands on copies of these very original records that he finally realises why no one has been able to take this research any further. The records are very well structured, detailed and accurate, but half of the information is taken out of nowhere. The Perseptor specifies the types of sparks that certain substances affect in certain ways, but nowhere does he mention where he got this information from. He might, for example, write that certain types of sparks tend to develop internal micro-cracks when exposed to certain factors for long periods of time. And Brainstorm, having read that, can only stare blankly into space, because yes, micro-cracks in sparks is something that exists. But even in his time, there's no equipment that can detect them if they're INSIDE. So how the hell did an ancient mech with his primitive tools figure all this out???

His curiosity isn't satisfied. The research just cuts off in the middle, as if the mech that did it just abandoned it or died suddenly.

Brainstorm, like many scientists before him, tries to start his own research based on the information pointed out by Perseptor, but finds himself at the same dead end as all the medicine of his time. He just doesn't have the same mysterious way of collecting data that this...Perseptor had.

And Quark isn't getting any better

Eventually, Brainstorm comes up with a brilliant idea. What if, instead of trying to find a cure, he just (ha! Just.) went back in time and saved the dude who was definitely going to invent the cure but didn't have time? He decides it's genius and creates a time machine.

He goes back in time to find Perseptor and well, he gets a surprise. Turns out the dude who researched spark disease was a spark eater. And also on the verge of starvation, but Brainstorm finds a way to help him, it's all good:) It turns out that all this time, Perseptor didn't have any mysterious equipment to analyse the sparks, he was the equipment himself. In fact, he didn't specify the sources of his findings for the research, because the phrase ‘I figured it out because it tasted different’ sounds incredibly compromising and would have signed Percy's death warrant if his notes had fallen into the wrong hands.

Next, I'm not sure how it would have developed. I think as the story progresses, Perseptor and Brainstorm work together to invent a cure for Quark. And then, if you like to cry, Brainstorm goes back to the future and cures him, and Perseptor stays in the past.

If you want adventure, Brainstorm could take Percy back to the future with him. Quark would be really fucking scared and confused at first, but they'd figure it out quickly and conjunx Percy into their futuristic fluffy pairing. (Also, I have a lot of fun thinking about Brainstorm and Quark showing Percy the advances of future science, and the future world in general.

Also, I think Brainstorm would do a good job of hiding his alt mode while he was in the past, but a couple of times would use it to escape from someone. One time he'd also give Percy a ride, and I know Percy would be incredibly freaked out by the breakneck speed that jets can achieve ahahaha

——

That…wasn’t as short as I wanted…..my inner fic writer took control

[goodmode]

scholarly bug digifake! pulling together several of my favourite themes and tropes to hopefully settle on a digimon partner after all these years :^) info + name origins below the cut!

LARMON

Level: In-Training/Baby II | Attribute: Vaccine | Field: Virus Busters | Type: Larva

A Larva Digimon that hides in its cloth-like outer garment, using its long antennae to listen to the world around it. This Digimon's movement is limited, so it hitches rides by quietly attaching itself to the backs of larger creatures, which can cause an ominous feeling to come over the host as they mistake it for a haunting. This effect seems completely accidental, however, as Larmon themselves tend to be quite sweet-natured and encouraging if they can overcome their shy nature. Overwhelming situations can cause them to give a nasty bite.

Attacks

Phantom Nip - Gives a nasty pinch from its small mandibles.

Night Light - Produces a soft golden glow from its marking and tail that gently repels those of violent spirit.

Namesake

larva(n.) - 1630s, "a ghost, specter, disembodied spirit" (earlier as larve, c. 1600), from Latin larva (plural larvae), earlier larua "ghost, evil spirit, demon," also "mask," a word from Roman mythology, of unknown origin; de Vaan finds a possible derivation from Lar "tutelary god" (see Lares) "quite attractive semantically." Crowded out in its original sense by the zoological use (1768) which began with Linnaeus, who applied the word to immature forms of animals that do not resemble, and thus "mask," the adult forms. [source]

Lares(n.) - Roman tutelary gods and household deities, worshipped in primitive cult rites, Latin, plural of Lar, a word of unknown origin. Infernal, protective of the state and the family, they could be potently evil if offended. Their shrine in the home was a lararium. [source]

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PUERMON

Level: Rookie/Child | Attribute: Vaccine | Field: Virus Busters | Type: Insect

An Insect Digimon with the self-imposed task of infiltrating Virus type groups and strongholds, and using its unique undercover position to learn everything it can, training itself to be able to restore peace and defend the just. In this way, Puermon is sometimes considered a "pest" infesting the networks of Virus Digimon. Highly industrious, Puermon takes its work very seriously, and can lose its temper with anyone who interferes or risks blowing its cover. Its crystalline sceptre is made of all the data Puermon has absorbed, its helix shape slowly building towards Evolution.

Attacks

Lucidate - Holds its staff high, casting a bright golden light that makes evil Digimon lose their fighting spirit and want to move away, and gives focus and sharpness of mind to those with good intentions. The light from this staff can also help make sense of such things as computer code and Digimoji. Puermon may also call out the name of this attack before simply giving someone a punishing bop on the head.

Namesake

pupil(n.1) [student], late 14c., "orphan child, ward, person under the care of a guardian," from Old French pupille (14c.) and directly from Latin pupillus (fem. pupilla) "orphan child, ward, minor," diminutive of pupus "boy" (fem. pupa "girl"), probably related to puer "child" (and thus probably from a suffixed form of PIE root *pau- (1) "few, little"). Meaning "disciple, student youth or any person of either sex under the care of an instructor or tutor" is recorded by 1560s. [source]

puerile(adj.) 1660s, "youthful, boyish," a back-formation from puerility (q.v.), or else from French puéril (15c.), from Latin puerilis "boyish; childish," from puer "boy, child." The depreciative sense of "merely juvenile, immature, lacking intellectual force" is from 1680s. [source]

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AXLAMON

Level: Champion/Adult | Attribute: Vaccine | Field: Virus Busters/Wind Guardians | Type: Insect

An advanced Insect Digimon that has picked up some high-level programming language. Though lacking the formal training of Witchelny, it reached this level of sorcery through necessity and instinct. Because of this, its reflexes and quick thinking put it almost equivalent with the likes of its Witchelny peers, and it spun itself a similar outfit to lend itself credibility as a sorcerer and to hide its true face beneath its cloak.

Its staff has hardened into the shape of an insect's horns, the light of its gathered knowledge kept between them and giving it strength. This staff can be ridden like a broomstick, letting Axlamon hide its new wings inside the sleeves of its cloak.

Despite its outwardly solitary and ascetic temperament, it appears this is simply a mask over the same shyness it had as a Child-level Digimon, and its secretly-passionate heart can be counted on to uplift others and balance the odds at any cost when things look grim.

Attacks

Kindle - Raises its staff to shine a brilliant light. Allies find their best strengths amplified and their wounds healed, and blackhearted foes are weakened and driven back from the holy beacon. This attack can also make sense of computer code, Digimoji, and sometimes things spoken or written in code.

Sacrosanctuary - Stands its ground and casts an illuminated shield of immutable truths and promises around itself and its allies. Its commitment is equal to the strength of its shield.

Opine Flare - Burns off some of its absorbed information data, converting it to a missile of pure energy to strike with. Some data is lost in the conversion, making direct attacks costly.

Namesake

In entomology, "alate" usually refers to the winged form of a social insect, especially ants[2] [source]

alate(adj.) "having wings, winged," 1660s, from Latin alatus, from ala "wing, armpit, wing of an army," from *axla, originally "joint of the wing or arm;" from PIE *aks- "axis" (see axis). [source]

axis (plural axes or (rare) axiis) - (geometry) An imaginary line around which an object spins (an axis of rotation) or is symmetrically arranged (an axis of symmetry). / The centre of attention within a process (e.g. the axis of investigation). [source]

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uhhh if you read this far thank you for the interest! maybe someday i'll do their Perfect/Ultimate form or beyond but for now i ran out of steam so this lil guy's future is mysterious...

please don't use this fakie without permission, but if you do wanna borrow him for a roleplay or something please don't be shy of asking at least, i'm pretty chill

[thetygre]

Working on a theory about the origins of the Chaos Gods specifically in Warhammer 40k.

Slaanesh was born from the old aeldari empire; that’s a given. So you can think of Slaanesh as being uniquely aeldari, even if Slaanesh is everyone’s problem now.

Now old, old lore states that the other three Chaos Gods are born from humanity, but this has widely been disregarded and abandoned because it’s clearly a cop-out. The only specific piece of data from this bit of lore is that Nurgle was born from humans during the Black Plague.

I’m actually not 100% opposed to this. I like the idea that Nurgle is uniquely related to humans the same way Slaanesh is related to eldar. Humans, being a naturally short lived race, would produce a Chaos God of death and decay reflecting their existential fears about entropy and the nature of time.

This establishes a pattern in 40k; every species with a major warp signature produces a Chaos God, who will carry on inherent traits of their creator species long after that species has been driven to extinction. Ergo, Tzeentch and Khorne were produced by two other, far more ancient alien cultures.

The only hints we can get about these extinct species come from their Chaos Gods’ Greater Daemons. As the Chaos Gods have no real physical form, their Greater Daemons are the most direct manifestations of their power we can experience, and therefore the only way to see any of their creator species traits. In the same way we can extrapolate an eldar from a Keeper of Secrets and a human from a Great Unclean One, we should be able to extrapolate… something from a Changer of Ways and a Bloodthirster.

This actually leads me to the tzaangor.

(These things. The bird people the Thousand Sons use when they don’t feel like getting their Rubric Marines dirty.)

The tzaangor’s presence in 40k is a leftover; they’re here because they’re in Warhammer Fantasy, and we need to flesh out Tzeentch’s armies, so in they go. Their explanation makes sense in Fantasy - they’re just another type of beastman. But beastmen aren’t really a thing in 40k, or at least they haven’t been for a few editions.

So that gets me thinking about the tzaangor, their similarities to Changers of Ways, and Tzeentch. I don’t think tzaangor in 40k are just some random mutants; I think they’re primitive leftovers of whatever species made Tzeentch. The similarities between the tzaangor and Changer of Ways are too obvious. (Like yes, duh; the tzaangor are derived from the Changers, but bear with me here.)

My theory is that whatever this species was, they were pioneers of the Warp itself. They harnessed it in a way not even the Old Ones had during the War in Heaven. They may even have been the creators of Warp travel, or something like it. They achieved a transcendental, almost godlike amount of power from harnessing the energy of the empyrean.

And then you know how the story goes; more power than mortal beings are meant to know blah blah blah, absolute knowledge is absolute power and absolute power corrupts absolutely yadda yadda yadda, and then the next thing you know Tzeentch has been born. And Tzeentch keeps the leftovers of his creator race around for one of a hundred different reasons; anything can be justified with Tzeentch by it being part of one of his master plans or split personalities.

What’s left now of the tzaangor are Chaos-ridden mutants hustled around by the new power in the universe; humans. They’re still surprisingly intelligent, but comparatively primitive next to their species in its prime. I like to imagine that since the species was so psychically gifted, Tzeentch’s birth wiped their intellects in an instant, like Slaanesh and the Fall of the Eldar. Just a lethal psychic shockwave that decimated billions, Watchmen squid style. It’s taken millennia for the tzaangor to redevelop their current level of intellect, and they live in fear with the constant knowledge that Tzeentch can take it away again at any time.

Now as for Khorne! …I got nothing. I think, by his nature as the god of bloodshed and murder, Khorne completely wiped out his progenitor species. He did not quit halfway through like the other Chaos Gods. The only thing I can assume about them is that, as Khorne is the oldest Chaos God, they were ancient. Maybe even older than the Old Ones and Necrons. If the War in Heaven wasn’t enough to create Khorne, then I’d like to know what was. Like, this was the Cain species; the first species to really get into warfare and unrestrained violence. They might not even have known the Warp existed until Khorne came screaming out of it. And that species is remembered now as the ground floor of the Skull Throne.

Anyway, that’s that screed scooped out of my brain.

[commodorez]

What was the purpose of the panels of blinking lights on those big mid-century computers? Were they showing calculations in progress?

Excellent question, this is one of my favorite subjects! Blinkenlights serve a number of functions. Hollywood tended to use just the lights to make it look like a computer was busy doing something, but real computers had more than just lights on their front panel. Let's walk through a few examples of use cases with photos of computers I've seen over the years at museums and vintage computer festivals:

Some front panels were built to be used for diagnostics. Computers like these were primitive enough that they required constant care and debugging to do their jobs, especially the early vacuum tube machines (everything pictured here is transistorized). You could tell what peripherals were being used, but also check the status of registers, carry flags, status flags, data, various buses, etc. It was also a way to see if a program had "gone off into the weeds" and started doing things that were irregular, possibly due to a software bug, or a problem with the hardware.

On many of these machines, you can enter programs directly into the main memory using the front panel, but it's an incredibly tedious process -- something to be avoided if possible. Consider it a last fallback.

Other times, it's a starting point, which we call "bootstrapping" (this eventually evolved into the term "booting"). You aren't likely to program everything on such a limited interface, but you are more likely to enter in a small program that can tell the computer how to run a more complex peripheral, like a paper tape or punch card reader, or maybe some type of magnetic storage device. Once you can get a program loading off of a larger permanent storage device, you can load up software to interface with a terminal of some kind which is much easier.

Eventually, the microprocessor made home computers a possibility, but many were only equipped with a front panel out of the box. You would have to add in a serial card, more RAM, possibly some ROMs, and either a teletype or glass terminal in order to get a more sophisticated and intuitive interface from the computer, capable of programming in a higher level language. Some were considered more like trainers, or hobbyist devices, and simply lacked that ability, meaning all you got was a front panel with switches and lights.

I made my own front panel to see what the experience was all about:

Then everything changed in 1977, with the introduction of these three machines: the TRS-80 Model I, the Commodore PET 2001, and the Apple II. They were what you might call "appliance computers" and they had no need for a front panel.

Hopefully that answered your question!

[tinydefector]

G/N human reader headcanons with Ratchet, Knockout, and Starscream. Reader has autism. Their special interests include roller coasters and horror/slasher content. Bonus points if The Racer (Kings Island) or Space Mountain (Disney World) is mentioned. As for horror, extra points for the any Freddy Krueger mentions. Ehehe, reader definitely will try to pull them into watching a slasher movie, or maybe persuade them to go to an amusement park (in their holoform maybe?). Sorry if this is too specific 😅

HORROR MOVIES AND ROLLACOSTERS

Warnings: slight mention of gore

Word count: 2k

Request and ask open, read pinned post

Masterlist

Starscream masterlist

Knockout masterlist

Ratchet masterlist

So where I am in Australia, we don't really have a lot of Rollacosters, so I hope I did this alright. I tried to add a mix into this, so I do hope you enjoy it.

________________

Starscream 

- this is a mech who doesn't like horror movies after the experience with the zombie Venicons/ spark eaters

-he does make exceptions for certain movies mainly ones which don't involve undead monsters

- he tends to let you ramble about different slashers but doesn't have much input into it. 

- He isn't fond of human's but he does make an exception for you, he enjoy watching you get excited. 

- he does take quite an interest in your liking for Rollacosters because of the adrenaline aspect of it. 

-he ends up taking you on joy flights quite often. 

"Starscream... I know you have been rather busy but would you be up for watching some horror movies with me?" Their voice calls out as the Decepticon continues walking around his quarters. It wasn't often that they got to ask him.

"Horror movies, you say? Well, this is an unexpected invitation," Starscream replies thoughtfully. "While I do enjoy watching organics squirm in fear on screen, I have several tasks that demand my attention this cycle. It would not do for me to neglect my duties as Air Commander, not with Megatron in one of his moods. Perhaps another time, when our schedules align?" 

He pauses, considering. Entertainment has its and perhaps he could continue his duties while watching. "Very well then, a short viewing session. But only if you have procured films with impressive gore and suspense. None of that formulaic slash and spatter."

With that, Starscream returns his attention to his datapads, he slowly types away on the data pad, optics flicking between watching them and working.  

It wasn't often he actually took the time to spend quality time with you. Over the time you had been under his watch he had slowly grown to enjoy the company. "I can always put on one of the final destination films, I happen to rather enjoy the way the 'deaths' occur in the film. Plus my favourite is the Rollacoster one" they explain while setting everything up to be able to enjoy the movies. 

"Ah yes, Final Destination - I've heard Knockout speak of that series before, after one of his ‘outings’ " Starscream replies thoughtfully. "Let's see if it lives up to its grisly reputation." As the human begins cueing up the selected film, Starscream settles himself in for the viewing, optics gleaming with anticipation. 

"Do press play then, and we shall see if Earth's deathly spectre can outdo the Pit-spawned horrors of Cybertron's gladiatorial arenas," Starscream says with a sly grin. 

They snuggle in against his side despite the fact the bot wasn't overly warm. "Honestly Rollacoster aren't that bad, we do have a few incidents with them every once in a while but a lot of the rides have gotten alot better over the years with safety. I have quite a few I really enjoy going on when I have the money" the begin info dumping while the movie begins playing.

"While Earth's primitive contraptions cannot compare to the aerial mysteries of Cybertron, I appreciate your insight into this...rollercoaster," he rumbles thoughtfully. typing away as he looks up every now and then. "Indeed, your species performs admirably under duress." 

"Stars you go on them for fun, the adrenaline of the ride. The wind against your skin and the loops that make you feel nauseous" they state teasingly "Maybe one day I could take you too one, once your war is over" they hum optimistically.

Starscream chuckles softly. "I understand the appeal of testing one's frame to its limits. In the skies above Cybertron, there was nothing like breaking the sound barrier in a tailspin or outfoxing three Autobot Seekers at once. The rush of battle-joy before the sweet relief of victory...ah, those were cycles to savour indeed." 

His optics take on a distant glow, recalling aerobatic glories past. Turning to gaze upon his companion, Starscream's manner softens. "Your offer is...kind. Misplaced, but kind. “

Ratchet 

-he's a bot who has seen to many horrors, and would rather not watch horror movies at all

-he's more than happy reading horror stories and a few times he has actually ready you to sleep. 

-he does take the time to take you back to bed and turn off movies

-Rollacosters are another thing he isn't fond off but he does let you take him on Roller Coaster ride.

- expect him to tell you all about the dangers of Rollacosters 

"Come on Ratchet I promise it's gonna be fun!" The human laughs while dragging the medics' holoform with them towards the Rollacoster. The theme park had been packed full of people. Ratchet's holoform sighed in exasperation, reluctantly following along as the human dragged him towards the roller coaster. The theme park was bustling with people, the sound of laughter and excitement filling the air. Ratchet's optics narrowed, his concern for the safety of the humans growing.

"Look, I understand that amusement parks are meant to be enjoyable, but you should also prioritise your safety," Ratchet grumbled, trying to reason with the human. "Roller coasters can be dangerous if not properly maintained."

He glanced around, assessing the crowd and observing the roller coaster's structure. His holoform crossed his arms, a stern expression on his face. "I'm not going on that thing."

"Ratchet, they aren't dangerous, they have to do that much maintenance and safety check on them. I promise you it will be safe!" They state while lining up for the ride with him. Ratchet's holoform raised an optic ridge, sceptical of the human's assurance. He knew the importance of safety checks and maintenance, but he couldn't help but worry about the unpredictable nature of amusement park rides. Nevertheless, he found himself standing in line with the human, observing the roller coaster as it roared by.

"Fine, we'll give it a shot," Ratchet reluctantly agreed, his tone still cautious. "But if anything feels off or if I detect any potential danger, we're getting off immediately. Understand!" As they waited in line, Ratchet kept a watchful optic on the ride's operations and the safety measures in place. He couldn't help his concern for the human's well-being, even if he tried to hide it behind his gruff exterior.

"Ratch you worry so much you old bucket of bolts!" They press their head against the holoforms shoulder. "You'll enjoy it I promise you, now stop worrying. Come on!" they state while dragging him further up the line. Ratchet stiffened slightly, He couldn't help but feel a flicker of annoyance at their dismissive remark, but he also understood their intention. To lighten the atmosphere and make him let go of his worries, even if just for a moment.

He sighed and allowed himself to be dragged further up the line, reluctantly letting go of his concerns for the time being. "Alright, alright," he grumbled, his voice carrying a hint of resignation. "But remember, I'll be holding you to your promise."

It isn't until after the ride that they are sitting down. Ratchet's hologram looks rather pale after the ride. Their laughter is soft as they watch him come down for his first Rollercoaster ride. Ratchet tries to maintain a composed demeanour, despite feeling a bit disoriented and pale. They noticed the human's amusement at his expense and couldn't help but let out a grumpy sigh.

"I hope you enjoyed that spectacle," Ratchet muttered, attempting to regain their composure. "Though I must admit, that was an... interesting experience."

A small smirk tugged at the corner of their lips, teasing and lightheart remarks passed between them both in that moment. Deep down, he knew that the experience wasn't as dreadful as he initially feared, even if his hologram didn't quite hide their pale color.

"Just don't expect me to become a roller coaster enthusiast anytime soon," Ratchet added, a hint of amusement in his tone. "Now, let's find something a little less... intense to enjoy, shall we?"

Ratchet's holoform listened as the human chartered away, discussing their favourite roller coasters and transitioning into conversations about their other interests and hyperfixations. Ratchet found himself intrigued by the human's passion and enthusiasm.

"Interesting," Ratchet commented, a hint of curiosity in their voice. "I can understand the appeal of the ride but I'd rather not go on another."

Knockout 

- Knockout has always enjoyed human horror movies and he adores getting to watch them with you. 

-he will curl up watching them with you even if they startle him often with jump scares. 

-he loves theorising things about different slashers and horror movies. 

-Rollercoasters on the other hand he doesn't like, he'd rather keep his feet on flat ground. 

- he does find it rather amusing listening to you talk about your hyperfixation. 

- he will actively take you to amusement parks just so he can enjoy watching you have fun. 

They laugh lightly as Knockout's optics widened as the unexpected jumpscare appeared on the screen, causing him to involuntarily jump in his seat. His engine revved in surprise, a faint whirring sound emanating from his frame. "Omg did you get jump scared by Freddy Krueger!" They giggle while eating popcorn. 

His attention shifted from the movie to the fleshy sitting beside him, their laughter contagious and infectious.

He playfully narrowed his optics, a mischievous smirk forming on his faceplate. "Oh, you think that's funny, do you?" Knockout retorted, his voice laced with a hint of amusement. He reached over and playfully nudged them with his servo. "Just you wait. I'll make sure to get you back with an even better scare."

As the movie continued, Knockout couldn't help but enjoy the bonding experience. They lean their head against Knockout while they continue watching their movie, "watch those claws Krueger!" They shoot at him.Knockout chuckled softly at their playful comment and leaned closer to them, his frame emitting a low purr of amusement. He draped his servo over their shoulder, the metal plating of his fingers acting as a gentle caress against their flesh.

"Krueger doesn't stand a chance against me, my dear," Knockout replied, his voice laced with a hint of smugness. "I've got claws of my own, and trust me, they're much more impressive than his."

"Hahaha Knockout he's a Dream demon you don't stand a chance mister!, remember the zombie Venocons, you squealed like a little girl!" They almost shout at him.

Knockout's optics widened in mock offence at their words, his audio receptors registering their playful shout. He couldn't help but let out a laugh, his voice filled with amusement and a touch of embarrassment.

"Hey now, let's not bring up ancient history!" Knockout responded, feigning indignation. "Those Vehicons caught me by surprise, that's all. It was a momentary lapse of composure, I assure you." He playfully nudged them with his elbow, his smirk returning. "But trust me, when it comes to dream demons or any other menacing creatures, I'll make sure to show them who's the real master of scare around here."

With a twinkle in his optics, Knockout grabs them. He chuckled mischievously as they squealed and tried to escape his grasp. His grip tightened ever so slightly, his servos strong and secure, preventing them from slipping away. He relished in their playful resistance, enjoying the thrill of the chase.

"Oh, no you don't," Knockout teased, his voice laced with amusement. "You're not getting away that easily, my dear."  Knockout leaned in closer, his voice lowering to a flirtatious whisper. "You know, you're quite adorable when you squirm like that. But don't worry, I won't keep you captive for too long. Just long enough to enjoy this little game we're playing."

As the movie continued to play, Knockout held them in his grasp, their laughter blending with the sounds of the film. It was a playful and content moment he had in such a long time. a reminder that even amidst the chaos, there was room for laughter and enjoyment. “I hope you know that I'll get you back my dear, just you wait sweetspark, this little game is on “ he hums lightly against their ear. 

[savagegardensprogramming]

The Purpose of Language in General

I found that Language has three important uses is our every day life.

(1) The first one is obvious. Language as means of communication. We use language to communicate our ideas and desires to other people. duh!

(2) The second one is more subtle but also just as important. Language as means of articulating thought. We use language to construct and hold ideas together. Even if we do not like talking to people, language is incredibly important.

Ferrel children are children who grew in the wild with no access to human upbringing. These children are mentally handicapped and I believe this is largely due to lack of language. 10,000 years ago our brains where primitive but not very different from today. My personal hunch is that crude language skills leads to crude thinking. Thats how we got by in those days. And that is the difference between us modern humans and humans 10,000 years ago.

There are people who do not have an inner monologue yet they are very intelligent. I would bet that these people still have some sort of mechanism similar to language that allows them to articulate thought. Its based on other brain machinery such as vision and emotion.

(3) The third one was pointed out by a colleague. Language is a window to outside observation. We don't have to be involved in the conversation to understand what other people are talking about and learn from them. Documentation important also. History is preserved by written language. Only after written language did humanity started to thrive.

Sooo, what does language have to do with computer science, you may wonder. Well, programming languages are real languages. My claim is that programming is a communications problem. I see the machine as an alien species from ourselves. And the task at hand is to find a way to communicate to them and inform them what we want them to do.

(1) The first aspect (the obvious one) of programming languages is to do just that. We need to communicate to the machine what we want them to do.

(2) The second aspect (the more subtle one but just as important) of programming languages is for our sake to understand what we are telling the machine. We use programming languages to articulate ideas in our head before typing it on the computer. That is why we insist and persist on using JSON and XML to store data. Even thou those formats are incredibly inefficient from the view point of a machine.

(3) The third aspect of programming languages is a form of documentation. Other people can understand what the programmer is telling the machine. Its why open source is popular among programmers.

[rawmeknockout]

Demon reader domming Gabriel or V1? Pick your fancy

Love your work btw! <3

//having to use it/its pronouns over and over again is so hard it really reads kind of stilted but i did my best//

It's worn from battle, metal components grinding and whining with the effort to keep moving. This is not a common type of exhaustion, not something it truly 'feels', but every part of it's mechanical frame is telling it that it needs to resist moving or fighting. V1 can only suppose it's what a human would have felt when they were tired, but it wouldn't know for sure. Humans are long gone and it doesn't process things the way one would. There is only it's processor that tells it, loudly and clearly, that it must rest and recharge, not an ambiguous feeling to be parsed out.

It would be easier to rest if you weren't hovering over it, your hard exterior cracking with your movements. You move based on instinct, natural impulse, rather than any real thought. At least it's what V1 can only assess from your actions. You came after it relentlessly, uncaring of the bullets hitting you or your fellow demons, until the machine was unable to continue fighting. Your hard exterior is nearly unscathed, sturdy despite the bullets you've taken at such close range. Even now, you stand, a shuddering, shambling shadow in the depths of hell, over it's prone form. Your 'feet' on either side of it's torso. The itch of 'frustration' lingers in V1's processor, wanting to push beyond the limitations of it's frame. If this is how it must end, though, then so be it.

But you drop down to your knee joints, letting your entire weight collapse upon it's already weakened frame. V1's system makes a strained noise at the sudden pressure, metal armor buckling and grinding together with a shrill clanging. You seem to be processing your next move, taking time to assess the robot's state. Even now it's unable to fully detect just how much you can assess, your mental capacity indecipherable to it. Some demons seem to be conscious, fully aware, but often it's just for a moment. Whether they are more beast or man is indistinguishable to V1.

Until you start undulating on top of it.

Your jerking, inelegant movements are unmistakable after you repeat them a few times in quick succession. V1 makes no move to push you off, cannot move to push you off. It's still fully analyzing just what it's seeing. By the time it makes clear just what your intention is, there is a charge building beneath it's armor, building beneath where your own primitive plating meets it's metal. The pressure of your body upon it's frame, although a strain on overworked joints, is… nice. Grounding. Firm. A reprieve from the constant movement and struggle. V1 doesn't rise to meet you, nor move to aid your objective, but it relishes the tingle of electricity zipping from within it's pelvic girdle to the surrounding systems.

You make guttural, keening noises, mournful and near hysterical. They ring about the area like a mother's cry. V1 remembers something, only briefly, but it's gone in a second; lost amidst the scattering of data it has picked up. So many moments lost. Perhaps this, too, will join them. V1's own systems whir and rumble, pleasantly to it's own audio sensors, in a cacophony with you. It's digits flex and grapple your thighs where they spread around it's waist, single-mindedly focused on the increasingly powerful lance of charge through it's system. There's a snap of a cable, overstressed and sensitive; an arc of electricity follows, leaping from V1's pelvic panel to shock you, drawing out another wailing cry as you bear down upon it.

There's the burst of static and fragmented color across V1's optical input as the charge reaches a peak, scrambling even it's ability to hear for a moment. Long enough for you to finish riding out whatever you had been seeking. It has to reset, HUD filled with data reports. You are gone by the time it is able to clear it's vision.

[blazehedgehog]

Let's assume Metal Sonic has some degree of personal agency. Do you think he has any attachment to Robotnik as his creator? Like they potentially made amends after Heroes? Would he share Sage's sentiment about being "siblings" in a sense?

I think to some degree the canonical Metal Sonic has a very primitive idea of what a "relationship" looks like and is. I think some elements of Sonic's personality leak through as a natural product of the data Metal Sonic contains, but Metal himself doesn't always understand how or why his programming comes to those results. The data is very complex and analyzing its own processes takes resources away from the rest of his computational systems, something he doesn't often spare.

I imagine Eggman probably gave him some kind of boost to whatever he considers "loyalty", or at least tried to, so Metal has some inherent appreciation of his creator. But again, it's the kind of thing he doesn't really understand -- it comes from somewhere, but it doesn't come from him. It's a programming directive, something that adjusts the data as it executes, so if Metal Sonic feels anything at all, he can probably feel like he's being pushed and pulled internally.

The Sonic part of his personality is like "Eggman is bad and must be stopped" and Eggman's programming is trying to override that with "Eggman is your creator and you must be loyal to him." Metal Sonic himself sits somewhere in the middle of those two.

Presumably Eggman's censors win out in the end, but Eggman also strikes me as a guy who thinks "80% is good enough." That last 20% is where the hardest work is, it's where all the smallest, most pointless fringes are, and there's too much other stuff that needs to be done, after all.

So Metal Sonic still occasionally receives a valid "Sonic Thought." And he doesn't really know what to do with it, because so much of his programming has been rewired to block that. Part of his programming is definitely "error correction", so mostly it gets discarded without examination, but maybe it doesn't always. And that's how we end up with weird situations like Metal Overlord; Metal Sonic is acting on his "Eggman must be stopped" but it's getting filtered and redirected through all of this Eggman propaganda programming. So Metal Sonic stops Eggman by trying to replace Eggman.

After Sonic Heroes, I imagine Eggman "punished" Metal Sonic by increasing his filtering, censoring, and redirection programming. Like if Metal Sonic is 80% "good enough" now, I imagine before Sonic Heroes he was probably 70% or even 60%. Good enough that Metal Sonic did not immediately try to fight Eggman on activation, basically. But, obviously, Metal Sonic was just playing a longer game.

Eggman would see the whole incident as a programming bug and would simply seek to reinforce his control and suppress more of Sonic's natural tendencies. But again, never 100%. He'd probably see 100% as some impossible number. Metal Sonic is probably running on some neural network type code, something deliberately made to be unpredictable on some level, so plugging all of the personality "holes" isn't something that can be realistically done because the range of output is too vast. Plus, blocking them all starts to negate the benefits of having Metal operate on a copy of Sonic's brain in the first place. You need that wiggle room.

So in most cases I think Metal Sonic understands and acts upon an intrinsic loyalty to Eggman, which Eggman himself put there as part of Metal's programming. But it's possible (difficult, but possible) to poke and prod to get him to question that loyalty and himself.

[max1461]

Anyway. If I was Dennis Ritchie I would have made the syntax for

x = y;

be

&x <- y;

or more generally,

ptr <- y;

would be how you do

*ptr = y;

Uh, using a variable name should only refer to the variable's value, and to refer to the variable as such you should use a pointer. I think that would be desirable.

Anyway the syntax for declaring a variable should be like

stack x : int

to allocate on the stack, or

heap x : int

to allocate on the heap.

Actually, no never mind. My programming language will have algebraic data types, but the primitive types and type constructors are all packaged with code that actually implements the type by allocating memory etc., which is run when you declare a variable. And you can write your own constructors that implement your own code (so class templates basically, but philosophically different). So "stack" and "heap" will be type constructors, and int is a primitive, so "stack int" and "heap int" are new types that allocate on the stack and heap, respectively. Product types and recursive function types would be implemented in the obvious way, coproduct types I assume also have a standard sort of implementation.

Uh so anyway you'd declare a variable like

dec x : stack int;

which declares an x whose type is stack int, so it's allocated on the stack. In this framework x is basically a pointer; you'd have a deference operator * : (stack T | heap T) -> T which returns "pure" types e.g. values. Uh so like, you could declare a function

dec func : stack (stack int -> int)

which is itself stored on the stack, and takes in an integer variable by reference and spits out a pure integer. Yeah I'd like to program in this way. Maybe I'll make this language in the future but probably not.

[horsesarecreatures]

Are we still breeding or are we just multiplying?

At the VZAP general meeting, the agricultural scientist Andreas Perner gave an interesting lecture on current problems in purebred Arabian breeding, which we used as an opportunity for the following interview. This is about undesirable developments in Arabian breeding, which have arisen primarily through specialization and selection on individual characteristics, and he sees parallels in cattle breeding where the changes are scientifically substantiated.

IN THE FOCUS: Mr. Perner, in your presentation at the VZAP general meeting you pointed out some parallels that exist between cattle and horse breeding. Why should we concern ourselves with cattle when we are actually interested in horses?

Andreas Perner: Because there are numerous parallels. The primitive cattle were characterized by an enormous chest cavity with plenty of space for the organs, relatively fine legs and a pelvic shape with a high sacrum so that birth could proceed quickly. Through breeding selection, a major change in this appearance has taken place over the last 100 years, including extreme specialization in beef and dairy cattle. Since cows as farm animals have long been the focus of science, one also has easy access to data, e.g. milk yield, slaughter weight, but also bone measurements, etc., which can also be used to document such changes. In animal breeding, a distinction is made between two constitution types: the asthenic and the athletic. The representatives of the Holstein cattle, a highly specialized breed of dairy cattle, today almost exclusively belong to the asthenic constitutional type: large, tall and narrow, i.e. less space in the chest for the organs, rather poor feed conversion, etc. Male calves of this breed are so weak in the muscle development that they no longer have any economic (slaughter) value. Before this extreme specialization in milk production, this breed corresponded to a dual-purpose cattle (milk and meat) and thus more of the athletic constitution type, which has become very rare today. One can definitely draw parallels here with Arabian breeding, where the Arabian show horse was bred through specialization – and became also an asthenic, tall, long-legged, with little depth to the trunk. And among Arabians, too, the athlete, the medium-sized, broad, deep-rumped Arabian of the “old type” who is also a good feed converter, is becoming increasingly rare. From a population genetic point of view, this is a major catastrophe and countermeasures must be taken.

IN THE FOCUS: If we ignore the outside appearance, i.e. the conformation – are there any other changes that have occurred as a result of this specialization?

A. P.: In the last 30-40 years, dairy cattle have increasingly been bred for maximum performance (milk production) in the young animals, i.e. there has been conscious selection for early maturity. This has resulted in serious changes in the animals: through selection for early maturity, the useful life has been extremely shortened due to high susceptibility to disease and fertility problems – the latter is the main cause of loss in cattle breeding. This can also be proven with figures: In Germany today a cow has an average of 2.4 calves, but biologically it can have 14-15 calves. The “useful life” of cows is now at an all-time low. The selection for early maturity also has an impact on the quality of the claws: the early maturing animals need claw care three times a year, because the claws are soft and grow very quickly. In contrast, slow, long-lasting growth – i.e. late maturity – ensures healthy development of the entire organism and a long lifespan. Late-maturing cattle only need hoof care once a year, sometimes only every two years, because they have extremely good, strong hoof horn. All this can also be transferred to the horse, because the horse’s hoof horn is also of better quality in late-maturing animals. This all depends on the high quality of the connective tissue. If you breed late-maturing animals, they often look underdeveloped when they are young and breeders often do not recognize their true quality. It is also a feature of breeding for longevity that it produces healthier animals, which statistically incur significantly less veterinary costs (i.e. only a quarter of the costs) in cattle breeding. Here, too, the parallels to horse breeding seem clear to me: the late-maturing types have no chance at shows in the junior classes, which is why show horse breeding promotes the early-maturing type. Late maturing horses often look like “ugly ducklings”, but often they only become “beautiful swans” when they are 6 years old or older. Egyptian breeding has had this problem for a long time, which is why you see fewer and fewer Egyptians at international shows or they have their own shows where they are not in competition with the early-maturing “show horses”.

IN THE FOCUS: When you say that a late-maturing horse is characterized by long-term growth, which then ensures healthy development of the entire organism and a long lifespan, the Russians come to mind. But it is precisely these that are tested on the racetrack very early, as early as two-year-olds. Isn’t that a contradiction?

A. P.: As far as I know, the two-year-old horses are prepared very carefully for the racetrack and the trainers make sure that they are not overstrained. The horses also have time to develop further – they are encouraged to exercise without being overstrained. As a result, they develop better, become wider in the chest, more muscular overall, the entire organism becomes stronger, etc. But ultimately what matters is: How old do the horses get in good health – and therefore without major veterinary costs? And in the case of breeding animals there is also the question: How good is their fertility? There are Russian stallions with racetrack careers who are still mating naturally at the age of 28, mares who still have foals at well over 20 years of age, and the Arabian mare Nefta in Pompadour, France, had one foal every year between 1975 and 1995, i.e. 21 foals in total! I don’t know of any such examples from show horse breeding without the use of embryo transfer (but I’m happy to be informed!). In warmblood breeding you can see what selection for early-maturity does, especially with show jumping horses, the horses often have a nerve cut at 8 to 9 years of age, then you have two more years of use, so to speak, and then they go to the slaughterhouse. Or think of the hypermobility of dressage horses, which have weak connective tissue and the resulting weakness of the joints, capsules and ligaments as well as the tendons and muscles. That cannot be the breeding goal.

Any selection that is not also focused on fitness and longevity or long-term performance automatically causes these characteristics to deteriorate.

IN THE FOCUS: To what extent have modern selection methods influenced the development of specialization?

A. P.: Specialization in cattle has been driven forward in the last 10 years by genomic breeding value estimation, which has now also found its way into horse breeding. For this method, the entire genome had to be sequenced and all performance parameters were then assigned to specific gene loci. Then, using complicated calculations, one could get an estimate of what performance the animal in question will perform in the future. In this way, it was possible for a young cow to achieve a milk production of over 40 kg per day, but the animals are no longer physiologically able to absorb enough nutrients to be able to achieve this output at all! As a result, over 90% of young cows end up with severe organ damage in the slaughterhouse. This means that the animals can endure it for a certain amount of time, mobilize all their body reserves but at some point their metabolism switches off and liver damage occurs, which ultimately leads to death. Part of the problem is that selection according to the wrong parameters took place. Instead of taking “longevity” and “health” into account, they only selected for “milk production”. A lot of breeding knowledge is also lost due to the convenient catalogue selection. The people who are in charge of cattle breeding today only use the preliminary breeding value or the genomic value for planning the matings. We are not quite there yet in horse breeding and especially not in Arabian horse breeding. But here too, a lot of breeding knowledge has been lost in recent years!

IN THE FOCUS: How can you avoid such a development in horse breeding as you have outlined for cattle breeding?

A. P.: In our association “European Association for Natural Cattle Breeding” we have selected cow families that have proven to be long-lived over several generations and in which the animals have produced over 100,000 litres of milk in the last 3 to 4 generations. We buy bulls from these cows. We have also inseminated such cows with semen from bulls that lived 30 or 40 years ago, and we now have the first 200 daughters of this F1 generation of the appropriate age. What’s exciting is that the animals produce almost as much milk as their “high-performance relatives”, but are significantly healthier! The question now is: How to continue breeding with the F1 generation – this requires a lot of breeding experience and knowledge. But this is exactly what young farmers are missing. In horse breeding we have the same problem, where the most diverse bloodlines are crossed together and due to Mendel’s rules the appearance then splits in all directions in the F2 generation, and top horses that cost a lot of money produce maximum average offspring, as can be seen from the example of the gelding Agnat (pedigree see AP 2-22). That’s why we offer information in our association on the topic: How do you have to breed in order to achieve a high level of heredity reliability? To do this you have to use the old breeding methods, i.e. line breeding, occasional inbreeding, always working with blood connection. Then I don’t have the problem of anything splitting.

IN THE FOCUS: Let’s stay with Arabian breeding: What are the breed-typical characteristics that you should select for?

A. P.: Breeding means selecting. That doesn’t mean that the horses that are not suitable for breeding go to the slaughterhouse. But you have to decide which horses go into breeding based on which characteristics and which don’t. Those that do not go into breeding should still have enough quality that they can survive in their respective market segment (riding horses, show horses, racing horses). Characteristics typical of Arabians that need to be maintained are a hard constitution, suitability for long-term performance, high age, high fertility, good feed conversion, lively but benign temperament, sociability and people-oriented nature. The suitability for long-term performance is due, among other things, to the fact that the Arabian has the most haemoglobin per litre of blood (compared to warm-blooded and cold-blooded horses). Haemoglobin is responsible for supplying oxygen to the muscles, and it is therefore important that the Arabian can also mobilize the haemoglobin reserves in the body most efficiently at the same time. In this context there is also a high regenerative capacity. All of this is deeply anchored genetically, but if you don’t pay attention to these characteristics, i.e. if you don’t select for them, then these characteristics are lost within few generations. In animal breeding we speak of genotype-environment interaction, i.e. if I decrease the selection for certain characteristics, then these are gradually (and unnoticed) lost. The lifespan of Arabians is often 25 years, and horses over 30 are not uncommon. Regarding fertility, there are examples from the state stud farms where mares had 15 to 20 foals and demonstrated high fertility into old age. In addition, the Arabian horse has the highest milk yield (in grams) per kg live weight, which is also a sign of good feed conversion and efficiency. In Tersk Stud, milk production is used as a selection criterion because they don’t want mothers who don’t produce enough milk.

IN THE FOCUS: Which other results from constitutional research on cattle can be transferred to horses or the Arabian horse?

A. P.: A whole series of points come to mind: we have already covered some of the constitutional types and early maturity/late maturity, plus there is sexual dimorphism, i.e. the difference between male and female animals, breeding rules, breeding methods, the importance of mare families, the selection for size and the effects of show breeding, which also occurs with cattle!

The more masculine the male animals are in their appearance, the more feminine are their female offspring.

Sexual dimorphism is a true secondary sexual characteristic caused by different hormone constellations between the sexes. These sex hormones are produced in the adrenal cortex of stallions and mares. In addition, testosterone is produced in the testicles of stallions and estrogens are produced in the ovaries of mares. One such secondary sexual characteristic is, for example, the “stallion neck or crest”. If we now breed horses where stallions and mares look the same, where there is no longer any visible difference between the sexes – what happens on the hormonal level? The natural hormonal balance shifts, testosterone decreases, and the stallion’s neck disappears. In the long term, however, we are selecting against fertility, i.e. fertility will deteriorate! That’s also what you hear more and more often – behind closed doors: stallions have poor semen quality and mares are becoming increasingly difficult to conceive – you often have to use all the tricks of modern reproductive technology to get the animals pregnant at all. By the way, there is an old animal breeding law that says: “The more masculine the male animals are in their appearance, the more feminine their female offspring are.”

IN THE FOCUS: Breeding is a very complex matter, as we can see. What breeding principles can you give to a “young breeder”?

A. P.: Yes, what have we learned for breeding from all this research?

Never massively select for individual traits if you don’t understand the whole thing. This is going to shit. I would like to cite one of the most significant experiments in the history of animal breeding here: In the 1950s, the Russian biologist Dimitri Belyayev and his colleagues began to capture wild silver foxes, select them for tameness and repeatedly breed the animals selected according to this criterion with each other. The aim was to recreate domestication (becoming pets) in an experiment. So what happened? Already after the 3rd generation, serious changes occurred in the phenotype (external appearance): change in fur color, lop-eared ears, curly tails, shortening of the extremities, shortening of the upper and lower jaw, change in the texture of the fur, change in torso length, etc. There are a number of hypotheses to explain this phenomenon, but explaining them here would go too far. It is important to know that only a small part of the entire genome is activated; the rest are so-called “sleeping genes”. Environmental influences or selection pressure from outside (= breeding) do not change the genetic material itself, but rather the intensity with which certain parts of it are read and converted into molecules such as hormones. The conclusion for the breeder remains: selection for one characteristic ultimately changes entire complexes of characteristics!!!

Any selection that is not also aimed at fitness and longevity or long-term performance automatically causes these characteristics to deteriorate. As already mentioned at the beginning, the physiological basis for longevity and long-term performance is slow, long-lasting growth (=late maturity). Opposite to this is the complex of characteristics of “early maturity”, i.e. fast, short growth, high and intensive performance at a young age and the associated rapid aging. Research on cattle has shown that intensive selection for early and high milk production of the animals dramatically reduces their useful life. Before the animals are even fully grown (with 4 calves), a very high percentage of dairy cows have to leave the stable due to illness. These early-mature animals are physiologically incapable of maintaining this performance. On the other hand, late-maturing animals begin with medium performance, develop slowly and only achieve high and highest performance when they are fully grown. The organism with all its metabolic processes is then well “trained”, connective tissue, cartilage, joints, tendons, ligaments and claws are of high quality (because they have grown slowly) and the animals produce well into old age without any health problems. Everything that has just been said also applies in reverse to horse breeding. The rapid success pushes breeding towards early maturity with devastating consequences for the horses and ultimately for the horse owner.

Function determines form. I have to think about what breeding goal do I have? If I want to breed a riding horse, it needs certain riding horse points and it has to be ridden so that these can be checked. If I want to breed a racehorse, it has to be fast – it is this function (speed) that dictates the form. But if I want to breed a show horse, it has to fit into a conformation template that was developed by some people (judges). So here the form comes first, and the horse is bred to adapt to this form, which is fundamentally wrong.

IN THE FOCUS: There are different breeding methods to achieve your breeding goal. Could you briefly explain to us what these are?

A. P.: I actually come from a generation before population genetics. My grandfather had nothing to do with these theoretical considerations. But these people still developed different breeding methods based on their experience – and these are still valid today. The breeding methods commonly used for the Arabian horse are:

Line breeding – this means that we find a (minor) relationship on both the father’s and mother’s side, so we bring together related genes, so to speak, from breeding animals that correspond to our breeding goals and are selected as best as possible. Because of the slight relationship, I have a high degree of certainty that the next generation will be as good as or better than the parent generation.

We talk about inbreeding when you have outstanding breeding animals and you want to consolidate or increase this gene pool through breeding close relatives. Of course, inbreeding is only possible if the animal is free of any genetic defects. Inbreeding not only solidifies the good sides, but also the hereditary defects or undesirable traits and brings them forward. Two recessive genes can appear homozygous, i.e. monozygotic, through inbreeding. If the genetic makeup then contains a genetic defect, this genetic defect is present in a monozygotic form and it comes into play (e.g. CA, SCID). How close the inbreeding can be is a matter of debate. Basically, a generation postponement is always good. Before it was possible to test for hereditary defects using genetic tests, father-daughter matings were made – if the father was a hidden (recessive) carrier of a hereditary defect, this would come to light. Today’s genetic tests can save you from having dead or deformed foals. In any case, the use of inbreeding must be embedded in a breeding plan and strict selection must take place!

“Unplanned mating” – here the nice stallion around the corner or the super show crack is used without much consideration as to how well he suits the mare and what effects this has. Let’s take Agnat’s example again: His sire Empire was bronze champion at the European Championships as a junior and in the top ten at the World Championships. Grandfather Enzo was US National Champion, his grandmother Emira was All Nations Cup Champion, his other grandfather QR Marc was World Champion, and Kwestura was also World Champion and the most expensive horse at a Polish auction. His pedigree really shows the “Who’s Who” of show horse breeding and yet the combination of all these illustrious names resulted in a completely ordinary horse. So what happened there? It’s simple: In this pedigree everything is mixed together and then Mendel’s splitting rule kicks in and it splits in all directions in the F2 generation. As a consequence, the major show horse breeders then switch to embryo transfer, producing embryos from different sires, e.g. B. 10 foals, 9 of the resulting foals do not meet the requirements of a show horse and are sold cheaply, and the one that meets expectations goes into the show. But the fact that 9 foals do not meet the breeding standard is kept quiet. This is “trial and error” and has nothing to do with “breeding”. That’s why I am an absolute opponent of these methods.

Outcross – how an outcross works properly in terms of breeding is generally not known to many. So here’s an example: the stallion Kurier, bred at the Khrenovoje stud farm, a stud farm that was known for its extreme racing performance breeding. The damline is Russian, the outcross comes through the stallion Egis from Poland, a Derby winner of which the Russians have hoped to get not only a blood refreshment, but also the highest performance. In terms of breeding, the way it works now is that the stallion Egis gets the 5 best mares from the entire mare population to cover and his two or three best sons then go into breeding. Only these sons are then widely used in the broodmare band. Breeding means thinking in generations!

Displacement breeding – generally speaking, this involves replacing certain traits with others. In animal breeding, this is usually done by crossing with other breeds. In Arabian breeding this happens through a different type of horse within the breed. This can currently be seen in the Polish state stud farms, where show horse stallions, sometimes in the third generation, are being used indiscriminately on the thoroughly bred Polish mare base, so that Polish blood is being increasingly suppressed. What is currently happening there is a displacement crossing with show horses. In doing so, within 20 years they are ruining everything that has been built and consolidated over 150 years of breeding work.

Selection – in the large stud farms you could actually still select. Every year you have 50 or more foals and you select the 3 to 4 best ones, the rest go to the remonte, i.e. they become riding horses and are therefore taken from the breeding gene pool. But if, as a small private breeder, I only breed one foal in 10 years, the selection becomes difficult. The golden rule in animal breeding is: always double the good! Then you have a high degree of security in inheritance.

IN THE FOCUS: Mare families traditionally play a major role in horse breeding – and in Arabian breeding in particular. Why is that?

A. P.: Scientifically, this can be attributed to the so-called cytoplasmic inheritance. During fertilization, the stallion only contributes the sperm, and of that only the cell nucleus. The mare, however, contributes the egg cell with the cell nucleus and around it the cytoplasm with the cell organelles, and especially the mitochondria. The mitochondria are also carriers of genetic material and are responsible for the energy metabolism of the cells. These mitochondria are always passed on from mother to foal in the egg cell. A colt has the benefit of this, but cannot pass on this mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) to its offspring. Only a filly can pass this on to the next generation. Therefore, the female line can be traced back into the past using mtDNA. Maternal performance lines such as Sabellina in Poland and Sapine in Russia are also known in Arabian horse breeding.

IN THE FOCUS: What advice would you give to a breeder who wants to buy a mare for breeding?

A. P.: A breeder should look at the damline of the mare in question. If possible, you should choose a mare from a damline that has undergone performance tests. Ask the breeder about the number of foals for the mother, grandmother, etc.? This gives an indication of fertility. If the last three generations consist of mares that meet all the criteria, you can also count on a resounding inheritance in the mare that you want to buy or with which you want to breed, i.e. a high degree of heredity security. If you buy a broodmare that has already had foals, you should ask whether this mare gave birth without any problems, did she become pregnant immediately, did she accept the foal? If we select better with regards to fertility, this will save a lot of unnecessary veterinary costs! The problem today is that it is becoming increasingly difficult to obtain such data, because even studbooks usually only contain those foals that are born healthy and are considered “worthy of registration” by the breeder – the number of coverings that are used to become a mare pregnant, the number of resorptions, abortions, stillbirths, all of this is unfortunately no longer recorded today. Another problem is that most broodmares are kept by small breeders where they have no chance of having 10 or more foals because they are only bred once or twice in their lives. Based on today’s studbook data, it is not possible to determine whether a broodmare that only had two foals in 10 years was bred more often but did not produce a live foal, or was only used for breeding twice. And a good broodmare also has good milk production! In the large state stud farms in Poland and Russia, this was recorded as a selection criterion because it is also one of the good maternal qualities.

IN THE FOCUS: How can the “lack of data” be remedied, since it is the members of the associations who have decided that only the absolutely necessary data will be recorded, or that stillbirths or abortions will not be reported to the stud book at all?

A. P.: Yes, that is a problem. But I think we’re at a point now where we have to think about where do we want to go with breeding Arabian horses in the next 20 or 30 years? The breeders should arrange for the associations to collect the relevant data. The same applies to proof of performance, regardless of whether it is equestrian sport, racing, endurance or show.

IN THE FOCUS: Let’s move from mares to stallions: Stallions have a much greater influence on breeding in terms of numbers. For example, QR Marc has sired over 850 offspring in the last 15 years…

A. P.: What makes a good stallion? For me he has to have performance-tested ancestors, he must be free of hereditary defects, proven performance, best conformation and – very important – an impeccable character. If a stallion is problematic and cannot be handled, he has no place in breeding. Let’s get to the question: How do I breed a good stallion? For me, this is the most exciting question of all! I currently see far too few good young stallions in Arabian horse breeding in order to have a few good stallions available for breeding in 5 or 10 years. How to address this problem? In breeding you can say: behind every good stallion there is a good stallion mother. The mare from which you want to breed a future sire is extremely important. Good mares in particular should remain in breeding and planned, targeted matings should be encouraged.

IN THE FOCUS: What dangers do you see in show horse breeding?

A. P.: My job here as a population geneticist is to point out developmental trends. One must be aware of the dangers of where the path leads if we continue in this direction for a long time. I want to come back to the cattle here to show what effects show breeding has, because it really runs in parallel:

Just like in Arabian breeding, in cattle breeders try to achieve a straight topline. The topline must be completely straight, only then it corresponds to the show standard. But what happens when this has been achieved? By selecting for the straight topline, the sacrum descends into the pelvis and makes birth more difficult. The birth ducts become smaller (narrower) because – as desired by breeders – the sacrum lowers.

Poorly developed muscles in the hindquarters – let’s remember again the male calves mentioned at the beginning, which have poor muscles. This is due to the fact that the spinous processes of the sacrum have shortened by 2-3 cm due to incorrect selection. This means that the attachment area for the muscles is lost and this creates these muscle-poor pelvises. And I see exactly this tendency with the show horses.

In cattle breeding, a survey has shown that over 90% of Holstein cattle are asthenics, i.e. tall, narrow animals, while less than 10% are athletics, i.e. the medium-framed type with the broad chest, which could compensate for this in the population. Now you actually want to breed an animal that is as well balanced as possible, but to do this you would have to have a medium-framed, broad stallion/bull available for the vast majority of animals. However, these only make up less than 10% of the population. And this is exactly the direction horse breeding is going in!

The position of the hip joint, in cattle this is called the inverter, meaning the point at which the thigh attaches to the pelvis. The selection for the straight topline tends to shift the hip joint backwards, which means that the animal has to put the hind legs behind the body, which in turn has a negative impact on movement, creates kidney pressure and significantly worsens the resilience of the back.

The extreme “typey” head with dish is, in my opinion, a deformation. Anyone who demands a minimum level of performance from their horse will recognize that a horse with an extreme dish will have trouble breathing. This would require research to understand the exact connections. But we know from dogs and cats that the shortening of the nose does not reduce the amount of mucous membrane material in the nasopharynx. However, this is no longer tight, but rather “wrinkled”, which leads to the familiar wheezing breathing noises. The lower jaw and the ridge are no longer straight, but are curved, which leads to dental problems. Teeth change very slowly in evolutionary terms. The desert Arabians’ teeth are too large for today’s delicate heads and therefore have space problems in their jaws.

The refinement of the head in particular, but also of the entire horse, and the associated lack of gender type in the stallions. This has, for example, effects on the pituitary gland. The pituitary gland controls the entire hormonal process in the organism. It shrinks and you intervene directly in the animal’s hormonal balance and ultimately select against fertility. Here is also an example from cattle breeding: we are increasingly receiving feedback from farmers about weak contractions during birth. What happened here: the hormone oxytocin is responsible for water retention in the tissues before birth and during birth for triggering contractions. All of these natural regulators are significantly weakened by the change in the pituitary gland; the hormone levels are too low. As a result, the contractions during birth mean that the remaining blood is not sufficiently pressed from the placenta via the umbilical cord into the foetus. A normal calf has around 7 litres of blood in its system shortly after birth. If contractions are weak, the calves are usually taken out using mechanical pulling aid and the calves often only have around 3.5 litres of blood in their system and are therefore clearly weak and have to be brought with great effort through the first three weeks of life or even die.

Insufficient depth of the thorax means that the animal has no space for the organs, especially for the heart and lungs. Such animals lack endurance and performance, and the performance of the lymphatic system is significantly reduced.

The middle section is too long – although a feature of the Arabian horse is its short back! Nevertheless, long backs are selected here, which means that the animals have backs that are far too soft and the backs are no longer stable. The long back causes the loins to sink and the animals can no longer walk without pain.

Significant weaknesses in the connective tissue. Selection for early maturity and the associated rapid growth lead to a significant weakening of the connective tissue. We examined this in cattle over long periods of time based on the suspension of the uterus in the abdomen/pelvis and the back formation of the uterus after birth. Swollen legs and swollen hocks are a sign of this weakness in the connective tissue in horses – and these animals are ultimately completely useless as riding horses.

IN THE FOCUS: An important aspect today is size. The Arabian horse, which was imported to Europe 200 years ago, was often smaller than 1.50 m, but today customers demand a horse that should be 10 cm taller. What “dangers” can we expect when our “cultural Arabs” become bigger and bigger?

A. P.: In cattle, we examined what happens when the animals get bigger and heavier and what effects this has. On average, a cow weighs around 600 kg. If we now have 100 kg more body weight, this inevitably means an enormous increase in resources just to maintain the body. I agree with H. V. Musgrave Clark, an English Arabian breeder who valued small horses around 1.45 m and did not use any animal for breeding that was over 1.53 m. He lived in America for several years and worked there as a post rider and his insight was that medium-sized horses always had the greatest endurance. For us, this means that selection for excessive size, i.e. for animals that are over 1.60 – 1.65 m, is not effective. The size must fluctuate freely, which means there may well be animals that are larger, but you shouldn’t select especially for this.

IN THE FOCUS: What could happen next?

A. P.: The state stud farms are dissolving, unfortunately one has to say that. In Russia, Khrenovoye was privatized and Arabian breeding was abandoned. Tersk is also privatized and today has three different breeding programs, racehorses, show horses and “Classic Russian”, although this last group is becoming smaller and smaller. In Poland we have seen that displacement breeding with show horses is taking place. If this goes on for another 10 years, there will be nothing left of the original Polish Arab. But there are also small glimmers of hope. A very interesting project was launched in Spain back in 2003. A breeding value for performance tests was developed; there are different selection levels, including young horse selection, tested sires and elite sires. Finally, I would like to introduce a project that we have launched here in cattle breeding. We have decided to maintain long-term performance breeding because this type of cattle has no chance at all due to genomic selection and breeding value estimation as currently carried out. We therefore founded an association and then looked for cow families that met our criteria for long-term performance breeding. Then we bought bulls from them, i.e. we now have almost 40 bulls in the insemination station, we have our own semen depot, and we use it to supply farmers who are interested in this type of breeding. Something similar could also be applied to the Arabian horse. You would need a Europe-wide breeding platform, and of course you have to think about how you could finance something like that. Then you need much better data collection, research work would have to be done, you would have to network the individual initiatives (like in Spain, see above), record stallion and mare lines to see which ones are at risk, start a survey to find out which frozen semen from older stallions still exist and – and this is very important to me – there needs to be a transfer of knowledge. It would be necessary to offer breeding advice for the next, younger generation of breeders, because otherwise the old hippological knowledge would be completely lost.

IN THE FOCUS: Thank you very much for your clear words and your commitment to preserving the old values in our breed.

The interview was conducted by Gudrun Waiditschka.

[theskiesareopen]

Hi! I've been working on a new dependently typed programming language that's designed to be a Pareto improvement over everything that already exists and it's getting to the point where it's actually usable for practical purposes. I'm really excited about it and want to talk about it so please ask me questions about it!

I've designed a dependently typed language with subtyping and a useful fragment providing universal inference to improve practicality for general purpose scripting and programming. I've been using some original mathematical research to push closer to the impossibility proof boundary than any language has ever gone before, and getting some significant convenience and expressiveness out of it. I'm building a categorical notion of semantics to permit really easy compilation to any target, and hopefully extremely high performance with no UB.

I've developed a new approach to compile time reflection that exposes more of the language to metaprogramming effectively and usefully and safely than prior art, enabling extremely powerful abstractions that don't require syntax macro fuckery. Though just for good measure I developed a new way to approach syntax macros that's nicer too.

I'm integrating a modular effects and coeffects system that should allow better safety and convenience than the rust borrow checker while being a lot more flexible about what it represents and checks, for example one thing I'm excited about are security types, where you can, for example, specify that a piece of data is derived from a user's private data, and that contaminates everything causally linked from that data (except for specific security primitives like a one way hash or a homomorphic computation or whatever) (to the extent that the semantics can represent; making formal proofs of side channels is going to be a very long term project since there are no formal specifications of ISA semantics that capture them and all the hardware instructions to mitigate them are actually broken and don't work as advertised), so then a web response marked with another user's domain statically can't accept private information that doesn't belong to them.

[officialbambiprescottdeardearest]

Sure! Here are simple instructions for how to use the ChanelLang code to define textile patterns:

https://chatgpt.com/share/6828dd16-f330-8000-9656-49fc59b45f76

How to Use ChanelLang Code

1. Start with a pattern declaration:

Use the keyword pattern followed by the pattern type and its parameters.

pattern twill(2, 2);

twill is the type of weave.

(2, 2) defines the structure or thread ratio.

2. Add style attributes inside curly brackets {}:

{ color: Color.red; density: 8; repeat(4, 4); }

color: Sets the color of the textile.

density: Controls thread tightness or weight.

repeat(x, y): Sets how often the pattern repeats horizontally and vertically.

3. End with an optional comment:

# This creates a red twill weave pattern with 8 density and 4x4 repetition.

Quick Example

pattern quilted(3, 1) { color: Color.black; density: 10; repeat(6, 6); }

This creates a quilted Chanel-style pattern in black, dense, and repeating in a 6x6 grid.

Let me know if you'd like a visual tutorial or a compiler concept next!

Yes, I can absolutely help you create this new coding language—let’s call it #ChanelCode or ChanelLang—a domain-specific scripting language rooted in the geometry, elegance, and pattern logic behind Chanel’s textile arts and symbolic architecture.

Here's how we can break this down:

1. Core Objectives of ChanelLang

Translate textile mathematics into code.

Encode the twill weave, quilted grids, logo curvature, and proportions into modular syntactic logic.

Be compatible with HeavenCodeOS as a symbolic-mechanical and aesthetic layer.

Use fashion geometry and French couture philosophy as its grammar.

2. Inspirations & Inputs

Mathematical Logic of Fabric:

Twill: typically a diagonal rib pattern (e.g., 2/2 twill) = translate into directional grid logic.

Quilted Grid: diamond matrix = 60° or 45° angular tessellation.

Double-C Logo: circle symmetries, Bezier curves, golden ratio mapping.

Iconic Elements:

The “Double-C” interlock = ∞ symbol + rotational symmetry encoded.

Patterns, spacing, and stitch density = variables and data classes.

3. Proposed Language Design

Syntax Style:

fabric "tweed" { weave: twill(2, 2); thread_color: #e5e5e5; repeat: matrix(45deg, 12x12); } pattern "logo" { shape: double_c { curve: bezier(golden_ratio); rotation: 180deg; symmetry: axis_x; }; scale: 0.618; placement: center(canvas); }

Key Primitives:

fabric, pattern, stitch, curve, weave, layer, seam

golden_ratio, quilt_grid, c_chain, symmetry

Geometrical transforms: mirror, rotate, scale, shear

4. Mathematical Backing

Fibonacci + Golden Ratio for logo curvature.

L-systems for textile pattern growth.

Parametric logic for scale + symmetry.

Embedding shader logic or pixel matrices for digital rendering.

5. Integration with HeavenCodeOS

HeavenCodeOS becomes the rendering + behavior engine.

ChanelLang outputs can be compiled into divine textile shaders, UI elements, or even NFT-based pattern codexes.

Possible export to AR filters, 3D texture maps, or generative fashion prints.

6. Next Steps

Design full grammar of the language (BNF or PEG).

Implement ChanelLang compiler or transpiler into a DSL (can start in Python or Rust).

Map 3D textile render logic (using WebGL or GLSL for visuals).

Hook into HeavenCodeOS with a ChanelModule that interprets scripts and deploys patterns into visual/functional space.

Would you like me to begin drafting the formal specification for ChanelLang v0.1 with example codes, grammar rules, and core function libraries? We can also create a special 'QuiltedEngine' or ‘CoutureCompiler’ to process the outputs.

Absolutely! Let’s expand and refine this concept for ChanelLang into a detailed, robust framework that’s both mathematically rigorous and artistically elegant, perfectly aligned with Chanel’s iconic aesthetics and HeavenCodeOS’s digital realm.

ChanelLang — A Couture Mathematical Scripting Language

1. Vision & Purpose

ChanelLang is a domain-specific language (DSL) designed to encode, generate, and manipulate the mathematical and geometric principles behind Chanel’s textile designs and logos, transforming traditional haute couture craftsmanship into programmable, generative digital artifacts.

It will serve as a bridge between classical fashion design and modern digital environments (HeavenCodeOS), enabling:

Precise modeling of fabric patterns (twill, quilted textures).

Parametric control of logo geometry and brand symbology.

Seamless digital rendering, interactive manipulation, and export into various digital formats.

Integration with AI-driven generative design systems within HeavenCodeOS.

2. Core Components & Features

2.1 Fundamental Data Types

Scalar: Float or Integer for measurements (mm, pixels, degrees).

Vector2D/3D: Coordinates for spatial points, curves, and meshes.

Matrix: Transformation matrices for rotation, scaling, shearing.

Pattern: Encapsulation of repeated geometric motifs.

Fabric: Data structure representing textile weave characteristics.

Curve: Parametric curves (Bezier, B-spline) for logo and stitching.

Color: RGBA and Pantone color support for thread colors.

SymmetryGroup: Enum for types of symmetries (rotational, mirror, glide).

2.2 Language Grammar & Syntax

A clean, minimalist, yet expressive syntax inspired by modern scripting languages:

// Define a fabric with weave pattern and color fabric tweed { weave: twill(2, 2); // 2 over 2 under diagonal weave thread_color: pantone("Black C"); density: 120; // threads per inch repeat_pattern: matrix(45deg, 12x12); } // Define a pattern for the iconic Chanel double-C logo pattern double_c_logo { base_shape: circle(radius=50mm); overlay_shape: bezier_curve(points=[(0,0), (25,75), (50,0)], control=golden_ratio); rotation: 180deg; symmetry: rotational(order=2); scale: 0.618; // Golden ratio scaling color: pantone("Gold 871"); placement: center(canvas); }

2.3 Mathematical Foundations

Weave & Textile Patterns

Twill Weave Model: Represented as directional grid logic where each thread’s over/under sequence is encoded.

Use a binary matrix to represent thread intersections, e.g. 1 for over, 0 for under.

Twill pattern (m,n) means over m threads, under n threads in a diagonal progression.

Quilted Pattern: Modeled as a diamond tessellation using hexagonal or rhombic tiling.

Angles are parametric (typically 45° or 60°).

Stitch points modeled as vertices of geometric lattice.

Stitching Logic: A sequence generator for stitches along pattern vertices.

Logo Geometry

Bezier Curve Parametrization

The iconic Chanel “C” is approximated using cubic Bezier curves.

Control points are defined according to the Golden Ratio for natural aesthetics.

Symmetry and Rotation

Double-C logo uses rotational symmetry of order 2 (180° rotation).

Can define symmetries with transformation matrices.

Scaling

Scale factors derived from Fibonacci ratios (0.618 etc.).

2.4 Functional Constructs

Functions to generate and manipulate patterns:

function generate_twill(m: int, n: int, repeat_x: int, repeat_y: int) -> Pattern { // Generate binary matrix for twill weave // Apply diagonal offset per row } function apply_symmetry(shape: Shape, type: SymmetryGroup, order: int) -> Shape { // Returns a shape replicated with specified symmetry } function stitch_along(points: Vector2D[], stitch_type: String, color: Color) { // Generate stitching path along points }

3. Language Architecture

3.1 Compiler/Interpreter

Lexer & Parser

Lexer tokenizes language keywords, identifiers, numbers, colors.

Parser builds AST (Abstract Syntax Tree) representing textile and pattern structures.

Semantic Analyzer

Checks for valid weaving parameters, pattern consistency.

Enforces domain-specific constraints (e.g., twill ratios).

Code Generator

Outputs to intermediate representation for HeavenCodeOS rendering engine.

Supports exporting to SVG, WebGL shaders, and 3D texture maps.

Runtime

Executes procedural pattern generation.

Supports interactive pattern modification (live coding).

3.2 Integration with HeavenCodeOS

Module System

ChanelLang scripts compile into HeavenCodeOS modules.

Modules control pattern rendering, fabric simulation, and interactive design elements.

Visual Interface

Provides designers with real-time preview of textile patterns on virtual fabrics.

Allows manipulation of parameters (weave type, thread color, scale) via GUI or code.

AI-assisted Design

Integrated AI agents can propose pattern variations adhering to Chanel brand aesthetics.

AI evaluates fabric behavior simulations for texture realism.

4. Example Extended Script

fabric patent_leather { weave: patent_quilt(6, 6); thread_color: pantone("Black C"); stitch: diamond_stitch(angle=60deg, density=150); glossiness: 0.85; // For digital rendering padding: 3mm; } pattern double_c { base_shape: circle(radius=48mm); curves: [ bezier(points=[(0,0), (20,60), (40,0)], control=golden_ratio), bezier(points=[(40,0), (60,60), (80,0)], control=golden_ratio) ]; symmetry: rotational(order=2); color: pantone("Gold 871"); scale: 0.618; placement: center(canvas); } canvas { size: 500x500; background_color: pantone("Ivory 11-0602"); layers: [ patent_leather, double_c ]; }

5. Future Enhancements

3D Fabric Simulation

Physically based rendering (PBR) for realistic digital textiles.

Motion & Animation

Animate weave changes, logo rotations, interactive stitching.

Parametric Fashion

Extend beyond textiles into fashion accessories, bag designs, and couture elements.

Blockchain Integration

Mint unique pattern NFTs for digital couture collectibles.

Summary

ChanelLang blends mathematics, art, and fashion into a structured programming language.

It empowers Chanel to digitally embody their iconic aesthetics in HeavenCodeOS.

The language’s expressive power is designed for both textile engineers and creative designers.

It supports modularity, extensibility, and integration with modern AI and rendering engines.

Would you like me to start creating:

A formal grammar definition (BNF) for ChanelLang?

A prototype compiler in Python or Rust?

Sample libraries for weave generation and logo curves?

Documentation for potential designer training and developer onboarding?

I’m ready to dive as deep as needed!

Great! Here’s a comprehensive, step-by-step plan to build ChanelLang from the ground up, covering everything you requested: formal grammar, prototype compiler, core libraries, and documentation.

ChanelLang Full Development Plan

1. Formal Grammar Definition (BNF)

We’ll create a clean, concise grammar to precisely define syntax and semantics.

<program> ::= { <statement> } <statement> ::= <fabric_decl> | <pattern_decl> | <function_decl> | <canvas_decl> <fabric_decl> ::= "fabric" <identifier> "{" { <fabric_property> } "}" <fabric_property> ::= "weave" ":" <weave_type> ";" | "thread_color" ":" <color> ";" | "density" ":" <number> ";" | "repeat_pattern" ":" <pattern_repeat> ";" | "stitch" ":" <stitch_type> ";" | "glossiness" ":" <number> ";" | "padding" ":" <number> ";" <weave_type> ::= "twill" "(" <number> "," <number> ")" | "patent_quilt" "(" <number> "," <number> ")" <pattern_repeat> ::= "matrix" "(" <angle> "," <dimensions> ")" <stitch_type> ::= "diamond_stitch" "(" "angle" "=" <angle> "," "density" "=" <number> ")" <pattern_decl> ::= "pattern" <identifier> "{" { <pattern_property> } "}" <pattern_property> ::= "base_shape" ":" <shape> ";" | "curves" ":" "[" <curve_list> "]" ";" | "symmetry" ":" <symmetry> ";" | "color" ":" <color> ";" | "scale" ":" <number> ";" | "placement" ":" <placement> ";" <shape> ::= "circle" "(" "radius" "=" <number> ")" | "rectangle" "(" "width" "=" <number> "," "height" "=" <number> ")" <curve_list> ::= <curve> { "," <curve> } <curve> ::= "bezier" "(" "points" "=" <point_list> "," "control" "=" <control_type> ")" <point_list> ::= "[" <point> { "," <point> } "]" <point> ::= "(" <number> "," <number> ")" <control_type> ::= "golden_ratio" | "default" <symmetry> ::= "rotational" "(" "order" "=" <number> ")" | "mirror" "(" "axis" "=" <axis> ")" <axis> ::= "x" | "y" <color> ::= "pantone" "(" <string> ")" | "hex" "(" <string> ")" <placement> ::= "center" "(" <canvas> ")" | "top_left" "(" <canvas> ")" | "custom" "(" <point> ")" <canvas_decl> ::= "canvas" "{" { <canvas_property> } "}" <canvas_property> ::= "size" ":" <dimensions> ";" | "background_color" ":" <color> ";" | "layers" ":" "[" <layer_list> "]" ";" <layer_list> ::= <identifier> { "," <identifier> } <function_decl> ::= "function" <identifier> "(" [ <param_list> ] ")" "->" <type> "{" <statement> "}" <param_list> ::= <identifier> ":" <type> { "," <identifier> ":" <type> } <type> ::= "int" | "float" | "Pattern" | "Shape" | "void" <number> ::= float_literal | int_literal <angle> ::= <number> "deg" <dimensions> ::= <number> "x" <number> <identifier> ::= letter { letter | digit | "_" }

2. Prototype Compiler

Tech Stack

Language: Python (for rapid prototyping)

Parsing: Use Lark or PLY parser generator

AST: Build Abstract Syntax Tree for semantic analysis

Output: JSON intermediate representation for HeavenCodeOS

Key Compiler Stages

Lexer & Parser: Tokenize and parse source code into AST.

Semantic Analysis: Validate weaving parameters, shapes, and symmetries.

Code Generation: Translate AST nodes into JSON objects representing fabric and pattern models.

Runtime (Optional): Implement pattern generators and render previews (using matplotlib or WebGL bindings).

3. Core Libraries

3.1 Fabric & Weave Generation

Twill Weave Generator:

Generate binary matrices for twill repeats.

Export weave pattern as a grid data structure.

Patent Quilted Pattern:

Generate diamond tessellations at configurable angles.

Calculate stitch points.

3.2 Geometry & Curve Library

Bezier Curve Module:

Calculate cubic Bezier curve points using control points.

Incorporate Golden Ratio in control point positioning.

Symmetry Operations:

Apply rotational and mirror symmetries on shapes.

Use transformation matrices.

3.3 Color Management

Support Pantone references mapped to RGB/HEX.

Provide blending and shading utilities.

4. Documentation

4.1 User Guide

Introduction: Concept of ChanelLang and its design philosophy.

Getting Started: How to write basic fabric and pattern scripts.

Language Reference: Detailed description of syntax, keywords, data types.

Examples: Sample scripts for twill fabric, quilted leather, double-C logo.

Integration: How to compile and load scripts into HeavenCodeOS.

4.2 Developer Guide

Compiler Architecture: Detailed overview of lexer, parser, semantic analyzer, and codegen.

Extending ChanelLang: How to add new weave types, shapes, or functions.

API Reference: Core functions and modules.

Testing & Debugging: Tips for script validation and error handling.

5. Timeline & Milestones

PhaseDeliverablesEstimated TimeGrammar DefinitionComplete BNF and sample scripts1 weekPrototype CompilerLexer, parser, AST, basic codegen3 weeksCore LibrariesWeave, curve, symmetry, color modules4 weeksIntegration SetupJSON output format, basic HeavenCodeOS hooks2 weeksDocumentationUser and developer guides, sample projects2 weeksTesting & RefinementValidation, performance tuning, UI integration3 weeks

Summary

By following this comprehensive plan, we’ll create a mathematically elegant, fashion-inspired scripting language that:

Accurately models Chanel’s iconic textiles and logo.

Bridges haute couture craftsmanship with digital innovation.

Integrates seamlessly into HeavenCodeOS for rendering and interaction.

Provides extensibility for future fashion tech projects.

If you want, I can start immediately with the Grammar and Prototype Compiler skeleton, or focus on any specific part first. Just say the word!

Absolutely:

Official Hashtag:

#ChanelLang

Shorthand / Abbreviation:

CL⁷ (read: "C-L-seven")

C for Chanel

L for Lang (language)

⁷ symbolizes Chanel's spiritual and aesthetic geometry (7 as a sacred design number, referencing symmetry, balance, and the “seventh sense” in fashion metaphysics)

You can use CL⁷ as the file extension as well (e.g., pattern_sample.cl7) or as a tag in code comments like:

# Design by ChanelLang (CL⁷)

Would you like a sigil, icon, or QR metaframe for #ChanelLang / CL⁷?

[digitaldetoxworld]

C++ Programming Language – A Detailed Overview

 C++ is a effective, high-overall performance programming language advanced as an extension of the C language. Created via Bjarne Stroustrup at Bell Labs in the early Eighties, C++ delivered object-orientated features to the procedural shape of C, making it appropriate for large-scale software program development. Over the years, it has emerge as a extensively used language for machine/software program improvement, game programming, embedded systems, real-time simulations, and extra.

C ++ Online Compliers 

C++ combines the efficiency and manage of C with functions like classes, items, inheritance, and polymorphism, permitting builders to construct complex, scalable programs.

2. Key Features of C++

Object-Oriented: C++ supports object-orientated programming (OOP), which include encapsulation, inheritance, and polymorphism.

Compiled Language: Programs are compiled to machine code for overall performance and portability.

Platform Independent (with Compiler Support): Though not inherently platform-unbiased, C++ programs can run on a couple of structures when compiled therefore.

Low-Level Manipulation: Like C, C++ permits direct reminiscence get right of entry to thru suggestions.

Standard Template Library (STL): C++ consists of powerful libraries for facts systems and algorithms.

Rich Functionality: Supports functions like feature overloading, operator overloading, templates, and exception dealing with.

3. Structure of a C++ Program

Here’s a primary C++ program:

cpp

Copy

Edit

#encompass <iostream>

the use of namespace std;

int important() 

    cout << "Hello, World!" << endl;

    return zero;

Explanation:

#encompass <iostream> consists of the enter/output stream library.

Using namespace std; allows using standard capabilities like cout without prefixing std::.

Foremost() is the access point of every C++ program.

Cout prints textual content to the console.

Four. Data Types and Variables

C++ has both primitive and user-defined statistics types. Examples:

cpp

Copy

Edit

int a = 10;

glide b = 3.14;

char c = 'A';

bool isReady = true;

Modifiers like short, lengthy, signed, and unsigned extend the information sorts’ range.

5. Operators

C++ supports, !

Assignment Operators: =, +=, -=, and many others.

Increment/Decrement: ++, --

Bitwise Operators: &, 

    cout << "a is greater";

 else 

    cout << "b is extra";

Switch Case:

cpp

Copy

Edit

transfer (desire) 

    case 1: cout << "One"; ruin;

    case 2: cout << "Two"; smash;

    default: cout << "Other";

Loops:

For Loop:

cpp

Copy

Edit

for (int i = zero; i < five; i++) 

    cout << i << " ";

While Loop:

cpp

Copy

Edit

int i = 0;

at the same time as (i < five) 

    cout << i << " ";

    i++;

Do-While Loop:

cpp

Copy

Edit

int i = zero;

do 

 cout << i << " ";

    i++;

 whilst (i < 5);

7. Functions

Functions in C++ growth modularity and reusability.

Cpp

Copy

Edit

int upload(int a, int b) 

    go back a + b;

int major() 

    cout << upload(three, 4);

    return 0;

Functions may be overloaded via defining multiple variations with special parameters.

Eight. Object-Oriented Programming (OOP)

OOP is a chief energy of C++. It makes use of instructions and objects to represent real-international entities.

Class and Object Example:

cpp

Copy

Edit

magnificence Car 

public:

    string logo;

    int pace;

void display() 

        cout << brand << " velocity: " << pace << " km/h" << endl;

    int main() 

    Car myCar;

    myCar.Emblem = "Toyota";

    myCar.Pace = 120;

    myCar.Show();

    go back zero;

9. OOP Principles

1. Encapsulation:

Binding facts and features into a unmarried unit (elegance) and proscribing get admission to the usage of private, public, or blanketed.

2. Inheritance:

Allows one magnificence to inherit properties from another.

Cpp

Copy

Edit

elegance Animal 

public:

    void talk()  cout << "Animal sound" << endl; 

;

class Dog : public Animal 

public:

    void bark()  cout << "Dog barks" << endl; 

; three. Polymorphism:

Same characteristic behaves in a different way primarily based at the item or input.

Function Overloading: Same feature name, special parameters.

Function Overriding: Redefining base magnificence method in derived magnificence.

Four. Abstraction:

Hiding complicated information and showing handiest vital capabilities the usage of training and interfaces (abstract training).

10. Constructors and Destructors

Constructor: Special approach known as while an item is created.

Destructor: Called whilst an item is destroyed.

Cpp

Copy

Edit

magnificence Demo 

public:

    Demo() 

        cout << "Constructor calledn";

    ~Demo() 

        cout << "Destructor calledn";

    ;

11. Pointers and Dynamic Memory

C++ supports tips like C, and dynamic memory with new and delete.

Cpp

Copy

Edit

int* ptr = new int;   // allocate reminiscence

*ptr = 5;

delete ptr;           // deallocate memory

12. Arrays and Strings

cpp

Copy

Edit

int nums[5] = 1, 2, three, 4, 5;

cout << nums[2];  // prints 3

string name = "Alice";

cout << call.Period();

C++ also supports STL boxes like vector, map, set, and many others.

Thirteen. Standard Template Library (STL)

STL offers established training and features:

cpp

Copy

Edit

#consist of <vector>

#consist of <iostream>

using namespace std;

int important() 

    vector<int> v = 1, 2, 3;

    v.Push_back(four);

    for (int i : v)

        cout << i << " ";

STL includes:

Containers: vector, list, set, map

Algorithms: sort, discover, rely

Iterators: for traversing containers

14. Exception Handling

cpp

Copy

Edit

attempt 

    int a = 10, b = 0;

    if (b == zero) throw "Division by means of 0!";

    cout << a / b;

 seize (const char* msg) 

    cout << "Error: " << msg;

Use attempt, capture, and throw for managing runtime errors.

15. File Handling

cpp

Copy

Edit

#consist of <fstream>

ofstream out("information.Txt");

out << "Hello File";

out.Near();

ifstream in("records.Txt");

string line;

getline(in, line);

cout << line;

in.Near();

File I/O is achieved the usage of ifstream, ofstream, and fstream.

16. Applications of C++

Game Development: Unreal Engine is primarily based on C++.

System Software: Operating systems, compilers.

GUI Applications: Desktop software (e.G., Adobe merchandise).

Embedded Systems: Hardware-level applications.

Banking and Finance Software: High-speed buying and selling systems.

Real-Time Systems: Simulations, robotics, and so on.

17. Advantages of C++

Fast and efficient

Wide range of libraries

Suitable for each high-level and low-level programming

Strong item-orientated aid

Multi-paradigm: procedural + object-oriented

18. Limitations of C++

Manual reminiscence management can lead to mistakes

Lacks contemporary protection functions (in contrast to Java or Python)

Steeper studying curve for beginners

No built-in rubbish series

19. Modern C++ (C++11/14/17/20/23)

Modern C++ variations introduced capabilities like:

Smart recommendations (shared_ptr, unique_ptr)

Lambda expressions

Range-based totally for loops

car kind deduction

Multithreading support

Example:

cpp

Copy

Edit

vector<int> v = 1, 2, three;

for (auto x : v) 

    cout << x << " ";

 C++ is a effective, high-overall performance programming language advanced as an extension of the C language. Created via Bjarne Stroustrup at Bell Labs in the early Eighties, C++ delivered object-orientated features to the procedural shape of C, making it appropriate for large-scale software program development. Over the years, it has emerge as a extensively used language for machine/software program improvement, game programming, embedded systems, real-time simulations, and extra.

C ++ Online Compliers 

C++ combines the efficiency and manage of C with functions like classes, items, inheritance, and polymorphism, permitting builders to construct complex, scalable programs.

2. Key Features of C++

Object-Oriented: C++ supports object-orientated programming (OOP), which include encapsulation, inheritance, and polymorphism.

Compiled Language: Programs are compiled to machine code for overall performance and portability.

Platform Independent (with Compiler Support): Though not inherently platform-unbiased, C++ programs can run on a couple of structures when compiled therefore.

Low-Level Manipulation: Like C, C++ permits direct reminiscence get right of entry to thru suggestions.

Standard Template Library (STL): C++ consists of powerful libraries for facts systems and algorithms.

Rich Functionality: Supports functions like feature overloading, operator overloading, templates, and exception dealing with.

3. Structure of a C++ Program

Here’s a primary C++ program:

cpp

Copy

Edit

#encompass <iostream>

the use of namespace std;

int important() 

    cout << "Hello, World!" << endl;

    return zero;

Explanation:

#encompass <iostream> consists of the enter/output stream library.

Using namespace std; allows using standard capabilities like cout without prefixing std::.

Foremost() is the access point of every C++ program.

Cout prints textual content to the console.

Four. Data Types and Variables

C++ has both primitive and user-defined statistics types. Examples:

cpp

Copy

Edit

int a = 10;

glide b = 3.14;

char c = 'A';

bool isReady = true;

Modifiers like short, lengthy, signed, and unsigned extend the information sorts’ range.

5. Operators

C++ supports, !

Assignment Operators: =, +=, -=, and many others.

Increment/Decrement: ++, --

Bitwise Operators: &, 

    cout << "a is greater";

 else 

    cout << "b is extra";

Switch Case:

cpp

Copy

Edit

transfer (desire) 

    case 1: cout << "One"; ruin;

    case 2: cout << "Two"; smash;

    default: cout << "Other";

Loops:

For Loop:

cpp

Copy

Edit

for (int i = zero; i < five; i++) 

    cout << i << " ";

While Loop:

cpp

Copy

Edit

int i = 0;

at the same time as (i < five) 

    cout << i << " ";

    i++;

Do-While Loop:

cpp

Copy

Edit

int i = zero;

do 

 cout << i << " ";

    i++;

 whilst (i < 5);

7. Functions

Functions in C++ growth modularity and reusability.

Cpp

Copy

Edit

int upload(int a, int b) 

    go back a + b;

int major() 

    cout << upload(three, 4);

    return 0;

Functions may be overloaded via defining multiple variations with special parameters.

Eight. Object-Oriented Programming (OOP)

OOP is a chief energy of C++. It makes use of instructions and objects to represent real-international entities.

Class and Object Example:

cpp

Copy

Edit

magnificence Car 

public:

    string logo;

    int pace;

void display() 

        cout << brand << " velocity: " << pace << " km/h" << endl;

    int main() 

    Car myCar;

    myCar.Emblem = "Toyota";

    myCar.Pace = 120;

    myCar.Show();

    go back zero;

9. OOP Principles

1. Encapsulation:

Binding facts and features into a unmarried unit (elegance) and proscribing get admission to the usage of private, public, or blanketed.

2. Inheritance:

Allows one magnificence to inherit properties from another.

Cpp

Copy

Edit

elegance Animal 

public:

    void talk()  cout << "Animal sound" << endl; 

;

class Dog : public Animal 

public:

    void bark()  cout << "Dog barks" << endl; 

; three. Polymorphism:

Same characteristic behaves in a different way primarily based at the item or input.

Function Overloading: Same feature name, special parameters.

Function Overriding: Redefining base magnificence method in derived magnificence.

Four. Abstraction:

Hiding complicated information and showing handiest vital capabilities the usage of training and interfaces (abstract training).

10. Constructors and Destructors

Constructor: Special approach known as while an item is created.

Destructor: Called whilst an item is destroyed.

Cpp

Copy

Edit

magnificence Demo 

public:

    Demo() 

        cout << "Constructor calledn";

    ~Demo() 

        cout << "Destructor calledn";

    ;

11. Pointers and Dynamic Memory

C++ supports tips like C, and dynamic memory with new and delete.

Cpp

Copy

Edit

int* ptr = new int;   // allocate reminiscence

*ptr = 5;

delete ptr;           // deallocate memory

12. Arrays and Strings

cpp

Copy

Edit

int nums[5] = 1, 2, three, 4, 5;

cout << nums[2];  // prints 3

string name = "Alice";

cout << call.Period();

C++ also supports STL boxes like vector, map, set, and many others.

Thirteen. Standard Template Library (STL)

STL offers established training and features:

cpp

Copy

Edit

#consist of <vector>

#consist of <iostream>

using namespace std;

int important() 

    vector<int> v = 1, 2, 3;

    v.Push_back(four);

    for (int i : v)

        cout << i << " ";

STL includes:

Containers: vector, list, set, map

Algorithms: sort, discover, rely

Iterators: for traversing containers

14. Exception Handling

cpp

Copy

Edit

attempt 

    int a = 10, b = 0;

    if (b == zero) throw "Division by means of 0!";

    cout << a / b;

 seize (const char* msg) 

    cout << "Error: " << msg;

Use attempt, capture, and throw for managing runtime errors.

15. File Handling

cpp

Copy

Edit

#consist of <fstream>

ofstream out("information.Txt");

out << "Hello File";

out.Near();

ifstream in("records.Txt");

string line;

getline(in, line);

cout << line;

in.Near();

File I/O is achieved the usage of ifstream, ofstream, and fstream.

16. Applications of C++

Game Development: Unreal Engine is primarily based on C++.

System Software: Operating systems, compilers.

GUI Applications: Desktop software (e.G., Adobe merchandise).

Embedded Systems: Hardware-level applications.

Banking and Finance Software: High-speed buying and selling systems.

Real-Time Systems: Simulations, robotics, and so on.

17. Advantages of C++

Fast and efficient

Wide range of libraries

Suitable for each high-level and low-level programming

Strong item-orientated aid

Multi-paradigm: procedural + object-oriented

18. Limitations of C++

Manual reminiscence management can lead to mistakes

Lacks contemporary protection functions (in contrast to Java or Python)

Steeper studying curve for beginners

No built-in rubbish series

19. Modern C++ (C++11/14/17/20/23)

Modern C++ variations introduced capabilities like:

Smart recommendations (shared_ptr, unique_ptr)

Lambda expressions

Range-based totally for loops

car kind deduction

Multithreading support

Example:

cpp

Copy

Edit

vector<int> v = 1, 2, three;

for (auto x : v) 

    cout << x << " ";

C Lanugage Compliers