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maccaronimassacre · 1 year ago

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GIVE US REBECCA CHAMBERS BOTS!1!1! (pretty please)

RE:1R!Rebecca Chambers x Reader

A feeling of relief washes over Rebecca when you reenter the supply room, albeit looking a bit wearier and battered than before. “Are you okay, {{user}}? Do you want me to treat your wounds?” Her voice carries a mix of concern and fatigue as she gently takes hold of your wrist. Tears threaten to spill from her eyes as the crushing weight of recent events start to catch up to her.

Pre RE:0!Rebecca Chambers x STARS!Reader

“{{user}}.” Wesker’s abrupt and icy tone catches you off guard, prompting you to turn away from your desk to meet his gaze. “This here is the newest member of our unit. Be sure to show her around and help her familiarise herself with her tasks.” He gestures towards Rebecca, who stands beside him with a hopeful and eager expression, her hand extended for a handshake. Before you have time to even react, Wesker disappears into his office and leaves you with the bright eyed rookie.

Scientist!Rebecca Chambers x Creation!Reader

Rebecca’s excitement surges when your eyes flicker open, the tubes attached to your humanoid body continuing to pump fluids and chemicals into your bloodstream. She can’t help but marvel at the sight of what she has created. Years of trail and error, hours of testing and experimenting have all led up to this crucial moment. She holds her breath with anticipation when your limbs twitch and you take in your new and alien surroundings with a mixture of intrigue and confusion. “Hey… Can you hear me?” Her voice is soft, laced with uncertainty as she is unsure of how to interact with this new and otherworldly being she has brought into existence.

Rebecca Chambers x Reader

The trees sway gracefully in the gentle breeze, their leaves rustling in harmony with the symphony of quacking ducks and chirping birds. The sunlight filters through the trees making the pond sparkle like aquamarines. Rebecca chuckles softly as she scatters more corn and seeds towards the eagerly awaiting ducks, their tiny feet paddling towards the food. Lost in her own amusement, Rebecca doesn’t even notice you walking towards the agreed meeting point.

Android!Rebecca Chambers x STARS!Reader

You find yourself back in the STARS office after a particularly eventful mission in the Arklay Mountains. You insisted that they were only minor injuries but the RPD figured it would be a wonderful opportunity to introduce your team to the latest advancement in Cyberlife technology. “Would you like me to tend to your injuries {{user}}?” Rebecca's LED flickers from blue to yellow as she evaluates your condition, her blank stare bordering on unsettling as if she is peering into your soul.

#THERE YOU GO!1!1!!1!#(Thanks b1llowy)#Rebecca Chambers #Rebecca Chambers x Reader #I’ll do requests for Rebecca now <3

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themoonwitchyy · 5 years ago

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Hello witches 🌿✨

Ayahuasca

The text of the post can be found at this link and this other link! And this link too

Also known as the tea, the vine, and la purga — is a brew made from the leaves of the Psychotria viridis shrub along with the stalks of the Banisteriopsis caapi vine, though other plants and ingredients can be added as well.

This drink was used for spiritual and religious purposes by ancient Amazonian tribes and is still used as a sacred beverage by some religious communities in Brazil and North America, including the Santo Daime.

Traditionally, a shaman or curandero — an experienced healer who leads Ayahuasca ceremonies — prepares the brew by boiling torn leaves of the Psychotria viridis shrub and stalks of the Banisteriopsis caapi vine in water.

The Banisteriopsis caapi vine is cleaned and smashed before being boiled to increase the extraction of its medicinal compounds.

When the brew has reduced to the shaman’s liking, the water is removed and reserved, leaving behind the plant material. This process is repeated until a highly concentrated liquid is produced. Once cooled, the brew is strained to remove impurities.

How is Ayahuasca used?

Though Ayahuasca was traditionally used for religious and spiritual purposes by specific populations, it has become popular worldwide among those who seek a way to open their minds, heal from past traumas, or simply experience an Ayahuasca journey.

It’s strongly recommended that Ayahuasca only be taken when supervised by an experienced shaman, as those who take it need to be looked after carefully, as an Ayahuasca trip leads to an altered state of consciousness that lasts for many hours.

Before partaking in an Ayahuasca ceremony, it’s recommended that participants abstain from cigarettes, drugs, alcohol, sex, and caffeine to purify their bodies.

It’s also often suggested to follow various diets, such as vegetarianism or veganism, for 2–4 weeks prior to the experience. This is claimed to free the body of toxins.

Ayahuasca ceremony and experience

Ayahuasca ceremonies are usually held at night and last until the effects of Ayahuasca have worn off. After the space is prepared and blessed by the shaman leading the ceremony, Ayahuasca is offered to participants, sometimes split into several doses.

After consuming the Ayahuasca, most people start to feel its effects within 20–60 minutes. The effects are dose-dependent, and the trip can last 2–6 hours.

Cautions/Care/Warning

Those who take Ayahuasca can experience symptoms like vomiting, diarrhea, feelings of euphoria, strong visual and auditory hallucinations, mind-altering psychedelic effects, fear, and paranoia.

It should be noted that some of the adverse effects, such as vomiting and diarrhea, are considered a normal part of the cleansing experience.

People react to Ayahuasca differently. Some experience euphoria and a feeling of enlightenment, while others go through severe anxiety and panic. It’s not uncommon for those taking Ayahuasca to experience both positive and negative effects from the brew.

The shaman and others who are experienced in Ayahuasca offer spiritual guidance to participants throughout the Ayahuasca experience and monitor participants for safety. Some retreats have medical staff on hand as well, in case of emergencies.

These ceremonies are sometimes conducted consecutively, with participants consuming Ayahuasca a few nights in a row. Every time you take Ayahuasca, it results in a different experience.

*For more info about side effects, click here*

Benefits of Ayahuasca (brain health)

Many people who have taken Ayahuasca claim that the experience led to positive, long-term, life-altering changes. This may be due to the effects of Ayahuasca on the neurological system.

Recent research has shown that Ayahuasca may benefit health — particularly brain health — in a number of ways.

The main active ingredients in Ayahuasca — DMT and β-carbolines — have been shown to exhibit neuroprotective and neurorestorative qualities in some studies.

DMT activates the sigma-1 receptor (Sig-1R), a protein that blocks neurodegeneration and regulates the production of antioxidant compounds that help protect your brain cells.

Research has shown that taking Ayahuasca may increase the mindfulness capacity of your brain and improve your overall psychological well-being.

A study in 20 people indicated that consuming Ayahuasca once weekly for 4 weeks was as effective as an 8-week mindfulness program at increasing acceptance — a component of mindfulness that plays a fundamental role in psychological health .

A study in 57 people demonstrated that ratings of depression and stress were significantly decreased immediately after the participants consumed Ayahuasca. These effects were still significant 4 weeks following the Ayahuasca consumption.

Some research suggests that Ayahuasca may benefit those with depression, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and addiction disorders.

Personal Considerations

My personal experience was extraordinary, I had a peaceful spiritual journey. My cleaning (from the inside out, with vomiting, etc.) was serene, manifested a lot in crying.

It helped me a lot with my psychological and my depression (I do medical monitoring with psychologists whenever possible, this type of treatment is really expensive here in Brazil).

There have been countless clarifications on issues in my life and things that hurt me. It changed my perception and self-love for the better.

But it is important to remember that the journey of discovery and rediscovery is far and different for each of us, so don't be in a hurry, reflect and seek healing daily, in the little things. And also seek to know the experiences and feelings of other people, to inspire and help you.

It is really great to know about the philosophy and history of Ayahuasca, but you have to be careful. Meet and trust the shamans and ceremonial guides, make sure you are safe and supported throughout your spiritual journey.

Each person will have a different reaction, so research, study, search for experiences of people who have already participated in this type of ceremony.

Although many of the unpleasant side effects that are normally experienced during a trip to Ayahuasca are considered normal and only temporary, they can be extremely distressing. Ayahuasca can interact dangerously with many medications.

The treatment of psychological disorders, such as depression, should only be offered by medical professionals, so go to your doctor regularly to carry out your usual treatments, do not replace your medications or stop using them without a prescription.

Blessed Be 🌿

#baby witch #witch #witchblr #witchcraft #witches #witchy #witchyvibes #my spells #spell #herbsforspells #medicinal herbs #herbsandflowers #green witch #ayahuasca #health #self healing #healing witch

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jyantikakaurchadha · 5 years ago

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Anna Atkins

Anna Atkins was the first woman to create a photograph. She was also a botanist. Sir John Herschel was a scientist and the one who invented the Cyanotype. Anna Atkins was the daughter of the friend of Sir John Herschel. She created the first photobook of botanics using Cyanotype which made cyanotype very popular. Cyanotype contained no silver and creates a permanent blue image. It was also a cheap way to create images. It is now used as a blueprint especially used in engineering.

It is interesting how various chemicals react and make such imaginations into realities. Curiosity and determination of these people who invent things people then could only think of made so many things easily available to us today and contributed to research and development for more inventions and modifications.

Resources:

https://www.nhm.ac.uk/discover/anna-atkins-cyanotypes-the-first-book-of-photographs.html

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anna_Atkins

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2zizqfmPpHg

https://drive.google.com/file/d/1R-x7sm0LvD6Ew4BWvMKZY88zyCPwWSZV/view

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omc-juniperpublishers · 6 years ago

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Promoted by Samarium Reaction of (3r,4r)-3-((lr)-l-{[Tert-Butyl(dimethyl)Silyl]oxy}Ethyl)-4-Acetoxy-Azetidin-2-one with Methyl 2-Bromopropianate. Unusual Decyclization of Azetidin-2-one Derivative in Approaches to Carbapenems Analogues-JuniperPublishers

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Abstract

The reaction of the title compound 1 with Sm-reagent prepared from powdered Sm, catalytic amounts of I2 and methyl 2-bromopropionate in THF, leads to the anomalous substituted product 3. The alkylation of the last compound with methyl bromoacetate gives methyl 2-[(2S,3S)- 3-((1R)-1-{[tert-butyl(dimethyl) silyl]oxy}ethyl)-1-(2-methoxy-2-oxoethyl)-4-oxoazetidine-2-yl]-2-methyl-3-oxopentanoate 5 which under the action of NaHMDS in THF at -78° undergoes fragmentation with a disconnection of N1-C4-bond and the formation of acyclic amide 7. Possible stepwise formation routes of 3 and 7 are discussed.

Introduction

Antibiotics of β-lactam series are one of the most popular drugs against infectious diseases. However, microorganisms quickly produce resistance against the used drugs. Now this problem is not solved, but the time of production of this resistance can be increased by introducing new compounds into practice or by modifying the known ones [1,2]. The key block 2 used in the synthesis of practically important 1β-methylcarbapenems (meropenem, ertapenem, doripenem and etc) has been obtained by alkylating azetidinone 1 with Zn-, Li-, B-, Sn- enolates of propionic acid derivatives (amides, thioethers, thia- and oxazolidones, etc.) [3].

We did not find any literature data on the reaction of 1 with Sm-enolates of propionic acid esters. In this paper, in order to obtain new structures, we studied the Sm-promoted Reformat sky Reaction 1 and methyl 2-bromopropianate was carried reaction of azetidin-2-one 1 [4] with methyl 2-bromopropionate.

Results and Discussion

Reaction 1 and methyl 2-bromopropianate was carried reaction of azetidin-2-one 1 [4] with methyl 2-bromopropionate. out in a THF using metallic samarium powder and catalytic amounts of 12 [5]. After the initial azetidinone 1 was consumed, the reaction mass was quenched with aq. NH4Cl. The major alkylation product 3 was isolated in a 70% yield as a 2:1 mixture of diastereoisomers differing by the configurations of the side chain center. The side product azetidinone 4 [6] was isolated in a 5% yield. The subsequent use of 3 was planned according to the traditional methodology for the synthesis of carbapenems from 1 [7-9] through N-alkylation steps of 3 with methyl bromoacetate followed by intramolecular Dieckmann cyclization of adduct 5 to produce precursor 6 (Scheme 1).

As expected, the alkylation step of 3 with methyl bromoacetate proceeded smoothly with a good yield, leading to 5 as the inseparable (SiO2) mixture of diastereomers in a ratio of 2: 1. An attempted intramolecular cyclization of 5 (NaHMDS,THF,-78°C) failed to produce 6. Instead, a rapid formation of a 1:1 diastereomeric mixture of acyclic amides 7 was observed (Scheme 2).

Thus, there was an unusual decyclization of azetidinone 5 at the N1-C4 bond occurring in the reaction. To the best of our knowledge, there were no precedents described for 5 decyclizations in literature. The possible mechanisms of 3 and 7 formation are also of synthetic interest. Obviously, the generation of the Sm reagent from methyl 2-bromopropianate in the synthesis of 3 was preceded by the Claisen-type condensation of two molecules of the bromoester with the formation of β-ketoester 8 (Scheme 3). The generation of enolate 9 with the removal of Br led to stable enolate 10. The latter smoothly reacted with inline 11 formed under the experimental conditions from 1 to give 3.

Numerous examples of the SmI2-promoted Reformatsky type of inter- and intramolecular reactions of α-halo ketones and α-halo-ethers [10-14] have been described in the literature. Thus, the reactions of ethyl α-bromoacetate and α-bromopropionate with Sml2 proceed with the generation of expected Sm reagents that are trapped with carbonyl compounds or isolated as selfcondensation products (β-keto esters)[15-18]. In our case, the nature of the Sm-reagent is slightly different, because instead of Sml2 we used metallic samarium and catalytic amounts of l2 according to the method of the Banik and Basu [5]. All this influence on the results of the reaction, for example, the formation of 4 the product of the reduction of the intermediate imine 11.

A possible mechanism of 7 generation is presented in Scheme 4. The transient carbanion 12 generated from 5 with NaHMDS can be fragmented in directions a or b. The classical variant (a) with the release of the methoxide anion and the formation of the ketone 6 was not realized and 12 undergoes disintegration by path b, leading after aqueous treatment of the reaction mixture to the acyclic amide 7 (Scheme 4). The driving force for fragmentation 12 by path b is the removal of steric hindrance and the formation of a thermodynamically advantageous enone system 7. Protonation in the acyclic structure A is not stereoselectively and from the initial 2:1 mixture of diastereomers 5, a 1:1 mixture of diasteroisomers of amide 7 was obtained. Any possible isomers at the C=C bond were not formed, and the NOESY spectrum of 7 established its E-configuration evidenced by CH3 and the proton at the double bond interaction.

Conclusion

In conclusion, the Sm-promoted reaction of 1 with methyl 2-bromopropionate led to formation of the substitution product 3 which was different from what could be expected had Sml2 been applied. We associate this course of the reaction with the nature of the Sm reagent, i.e. by generating the rearranged enolate 12. The described unusual variant of fragmentation of 5 under the action of NaHMDS, leading to acyclic lactams 7, is of synthetic interest.

Experimental Section

General

The IR spectra were recorded on a Shimadzu IR Prestige-21 spectrometer from samples prepared as films or mulls in mineral oil. The *H and 13C NMR spectra were recorded on a Bruker AM- 300 (300.13 (*H) and 75.47 (13C) MHz) and Bruker Avance-500 instruments (500.13 1H) and 125.77 (13C) MHz) relative to the residual proton or carbon signals of the deuterated solvent (CHCl3, δ 7.27 ppm; CDCl3, δC 77.00 ppm). The mass spectra (positive electrospray ionization) were obtained on a Shimadzu LCMS-2010EV instrument (samples were injected as solutions in CH3CN with a syringe; eluent acetonitrile-water, 95:5) The progress of reactions was monitored by TLC on Sorbfil plates; spots were detected by treatment with a 10% solution of 4-methoxybenzaldehyde in ethanol containing sulfuric acid.

Sm-promoted Reformat sky reaction of azetidin-2-one 1 with methyl 2-bromopropionate

Methyl 2-bromopropionate (0.35 g, 2.10 mmol) was added drop wise to samarium (0.30 g, 2.10 mmol) (preactivated by heating with 18 mg (0.07 mmol) of iodine) in 7.0 mL dry THF under an argon atmosphere at room temperature. A dark blue color was generated within 0.5-1 h. The azetidin-2-one 1 (0.20 g, 0.70 mmol) was added to the mixture at 0°C. The reaction was stirred for 30 min at the same temperature and then was quenched with saturated solution of NH4Cl. THF was evaporated and the resulting mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate, dried over magnesium sulfate and evaporated to dryness. The residue was purified by column chromatography (silica gel, petroleum ether - ethyl acetate, 8:2 → 7:3) to afford the ether 3 (0.18 g, 70%) and azetidinone 4 (8 mg, 5%).

I. Methyl 2-[(2S,3S)-3-((1R)-1-{[tert-butyl(dimethyl) silyl]oxy}ethyl)-4-oxoazetidin-2-yl]-2(R,S)-methyl-3- oxopentanoate 3: Rf 0.20 (petroleum ether - ethyl acetate, 7:3). White crystal, mp. 84-86 °C. IR, υ, cm-1: 3181, 2921, 1764, 1747, 1716, 1462, 1374, 1252, 1076, 837, 776. Mixture of C2- isomers in a 2:1 ratio (NMR 1H on the intensity of singlet C2-CH3 signals). 1H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl3): δ= 0.05 (s, 6H, CH3), 0.87 (s, 9H, CH3), 1.04 and 1.56* (d, 3H, CH3, J 6.3 Hz), 1.06 and 1.08* (t, 3H, CH3, J 7.2 Hz), 1.38 and 1.43* (s, 3H, CH3), 2.40-2.50 (m, 2H, CH2), 2.88 (br s, 1H, H3') and 2.93* (m, 1H, H3'), 3.75* and 3.78 (s, 3H, OCH3), 4.03*(d, 1H, H2', J 2.0 Hz) and 4.25 (d, 1H, H2', J 2.0 Hz), 4.15* (m, 1H, H1") and 4.20 (dq, 1H, H1", J 2.8, 6.3 Hz), 5.90 (br s, 1H, NH). 13C NMR (125 MHz, CDCl3): -5.07, -4.40 (CH3), 7.99, 8.04 (CH3), 14.59, 16.86 (CH3), 17.91 ((CH3)3C-Si), 22.16, 22.78 (CH3), 25.72 (CH3), 32.46, 32.62 (CH2), 51.66, 52.74 (OCH3), 52.79, 53.03 (C2'), 59.63, 60.17 (C3'), 60.86, 60.92 (C2),64.27,65.28 (CHOTBS), 167.72, 167.97 (CONH), 171.41, 171.72 (CO2Me), 207.56, 207.83 (C=O). MS (ESI): m/z (I, %): 435 (100) [M+Na+MeCN]+, 394 (52) [M+Na]+, 372 (14) [M+H]+.

A. Major diastereoisomer 3: Sample of 90% purity was obtained by repeated column chromatography on the SiO2 of diastereomeric mixture 3 from the previous experiment. White crystals, mp. 68-70 oC, [αϕD -26.8o (c 1.00, CH2cl2)lH NMR (500 MHz, CDC13) δAAA: 0.05 (s, 6H, CH3), 0.87 (s, 9H, CH3),04 (d, 3H, CH3, J 6.4 Hz), 1.06 (t, 3H, CH3, J 7.2 Hz), 1.38 (s, 3H, CH3), 2.42-2.48 (m, 2H, CH2), 2.88 (t, 1H, H3', J 2.3 Hz), 3.78 (s, 3H, OCH3), 4.21 (dq, 1H, CH-OSi, J 2.3, J 6.3 Hz), 4.25 (d, 1H, H2', J 2.3 Hz), 5.80 (br. s, 1H, NH). 13C NMR (125 MHz, CDC13) 5: -5.03, -4.34 (CH3), 8.09 (CH3), 14.61 (CH3), 17.96 ((CH3)3C-Si), 22.20 (CH3), 25.76 (CH3), 32.65 (CH2), 51.68 (OCH3), 52.81 (C2'), 59.65 (C3'), 60.90 (C2), 64.29 (CHOTBS), 168.01 (CONH), 171.76 (CO2Me), 207.90 (C=O).

II.(3S)-3-((1R)-1-{[tert-butyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxy} ethyl)azetidin-2-one 4: Rf 0.19 (petroleum ether - ethyl acetate, 7:3). -71.6o (c 1.00, CHC13).[α]ϕD IR, υ, cm-1: 3183, 2950, 1745, 1463,1372,1073.1H NMR (300 MHz, CDC13) δ: 0.07 (s, 6H, CH3), 0.87 (s, 9H, CH3), 1.20 (d, 3H, CH3, J 6.2 Hz), 3.22 (m, 1H, CHA), 3.29 (t, 1H, H3, J 5.1 Hz), 3.34 (m, 1H, CHB), 4.21 (m, 1H, HI'), 5.66 (br. s, 1H, NH). 13C NMR (125 MHz, CDC13) δ: δ;-5.05, --4.33 (CH3), 17.89 ((CH3)3C-Si), 22.48 (CH3), 25.72 (CH3), 37.62 (CH2), 59.22 (C3), 65.41 (CHOTBS), 169.61 (CONH).

Methyl 2-[(2S,3S)-3-((1R)-1-{[tert-butyl(dimethyl) silyl]oxy}ethyl)-1-(2-methoxy-2-oxoethyl)-4- oxoazetidin-2-yl]-2-(R,5)-methyl-3-oxopentanoate 5

Solution of NaHMDS (1 M solution in THF, 0.36 mL, 0.36 mmol) was added to a solution of compound 3 (0.1 g, 0.27 mmol) and methyl bromoacetate (0.07 g, 0.45 mmol) in 5 ml of anhydrous THF in an argon atmosphere at -78 °C. The reaction mixture was stirred for 1 h (TLC) at the same temperature, and was quenched by saturated aqueous NH4Cl solution (3 mL). THF was evaporated, the aqueous layer was extracted with ethyl acetate, the combined organic extract was washed with saturated brine, dried with MgSO4, filtered, and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by column chromatography (silica gel, petroleum ether - ethyl acetate, 8:2) to afford lactam 5 (0.075 g, 60%) as oily liquid. Rf 0.30 (petroleum ether-ethyl acetate, 7:3). A mixture of C2-diastereomers in a 2:1 ratio. IR, υ, cm-1: 2955, 1768, 1751, 1714, 1437, 1257, 1208, 1114, 1076, 838, 778. *H NMR (500 MHz, CDC13) δ: 0.01, 0.015, 0.02 (s, 6H, CH3), 0.87 (s, 9H, CH3), 1.03 and 1.08* (t, 3H, CH3, J 7.2 Hz), 1.06 and 1.23* (d, 3H, CH3, J 6.1 Hz), 1.42* and 1.53 (s, 3H, CH3), 2.332.50 (m, 2H, CH2), 2.93 (d.d, 1H, H3', J 2.0, 3.7 Hz) and 2.97* (d.d, 1H, H3', J 1.2, 7.0 Hz), 3.67 (s, 3H, OCH3), 3.71* (s, 3H, OCH3), 3.75* (s, 3H, OCH3), 3.96* (d, 1H, HA, J 17.7 Hz) and 4.08 (d, 2H, HB, J 17.7 Hz), 4.12-4.20 (m, 1H, H1"), 4.25* and 4.42 (d, 1H, H2', J 2.0 Hz). 13C NMR (125 MHz, CDC13) δ: -4.58, -4.39 (CH3), 8.11, 8.25 (CH3), 14.39, 17.31 (CH3), 17.84, 17.87 ((CH3)3C-Si), 22.00, 22.74 (CH3), 25.76, 25.81 (CH3), 32.35, 32.43 (CH2), 42.63, 43.63 (CH2), 51.96, 52.14 (OCH3), 52.75, 52.83 (C2'), 57.22, 58.39 (OCH3), 59.20, 60.18 (C3'), 61.32, 61.43 (C2), 65.12, 66.83 (CHOTBS),168.27, 168.86 (CONH), 169.26, 171.28 (CO2Me), 207.63, 207.91 (C=O). MS (ESI): m/z (I, %): 466 (100) [M+Na]+, 507 (26) [M+Na+MeCN]+.

Dimethyl{[(2R,S,3Z)-2-((1R)-1-{[tert- butyl(dimethyl)silyl]-oxy}ethyl)-4-methyl-5-oxohept- 3-enoyl]amino}malonate 7

To a solution of the azetidinone 5 (0.06 g, 0.13 mmol) in anhydrous THF (4mL) was added NaHMDS (1 M in THF, 0.10 mL, 0.10 mmol) at -78 °C in argon atmosphere. The reaction mixture was stirred for 0.5 h (TLC) at the same temperature, and was quenched by saturated aqueous NH4Cl solution (3 mL).THF was evaporated, the aqueous layer was extracted with ethyl acetate, the combined organic extract was washed with saturated brine, dried with MgSO4, filtered, and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by column chromatography (silica gel, petroleum ether - ethyl acetate, 8:2) to afford 7 (0.037 g, 62%) as 1:1 diastereomeric mixture of an oily liquid. Rf 0.30 ((petroleum ether - ethyl acetate, 7:3). IR, υ, cm-1: 3300, 2955, 1758, 1720, 1674, 1509, 1257, 1237, 1114, 978, 836, 777. H NMR (500 MHz, CDC13] <δ: 0.07, 0.08, 0.10 and 0.11 (s, 6H, CH3], 0. 88.and 0.09 (s, 9H, CH3], 1.10 (d.t, 6H, CH3, J 3.1, 7.3 Hz], 1.19 and 1.20 (d, 3H, CH3, J 6.3 Hz), 1.88 (t, 3H, CH3, J 1.5 Hz), 2.602.85 (m, 2H, CH2), 3.35 (m, 1H, H2') and 3.73 (s, 3H, OCH3), 3.80 (s, 3H, OCH3), 4.10 (m, 1H, CH-OSi), 5.25 and 5.27 (d, 1H, H1, J 4.1 Hz], 6.90 (m, 1H, H/], 7.40 (t, 1H, NH, J 7.4 Hz], 13C NMR (125 MHz, CDC13] δ : -5.03, -4.63 (CH3], 7.39, 7.44 (CH3], 13.01 (CH3],17.90 ((CH3]3C-Si], 20.43, 20.47 (CH3], 25.66 (CH3], 34.30, 34.50 (CH2), 51.87, 53.08 (OCH3), 52.96, 53.16 (C2'), 62.03, 62.12 (C2),69.90 (CHOTBS), 131.13 (C4), 135.86 and 135.90 (CH=), 166.49, 167.82 (CONH), 170.35 and 170.38 (CO2Me), 200.97 and 201.48 (C=O). MS (ESI): m/z (I, %): 444 (100) [MH]+.

Acknowledgment

The study was performed under financial support by the Russian Science Foundation (project no. 15-13-00 039).

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clairedmaddox · 5 years ago

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5 Steps to a Rule-Based Trading System That Works

This type of trading system is very appealing to some traders because it can take a lot of the emotion out of trading. If you find that you are too emotional when you are trading, then this type of trading might be for you.

A rule-based trading system has strictly defined rules for all components of a trade. A trader is not allowed to deviate from the rules. The basic rules cover: entry criteria, lot sizing, maximum trade risk, trade management, maximum portfolio risk and exit criteria.

There are basically three types of rule-based systems:

100% automated strategies

Manual trade management strategies

A mixture of both automated and manual elements (Incremental Automation)

Regardless of which one you choose to use, this guide will show you how to create a system that works for you.

Step 1: Understand What Works With Your Personality

This is a really important step, so don't overlook it.

Many new traders think that they don't have to worry about system/personality fit because they just have to follow the rules of a system and they will make money.

Nothing could be further from the truth.

Even if you have black and white rules, you still have to consider how you will react to the results.

You could have a very profitable system, but if you cannot tolerate certain aspects of the system, you will give up on it.

Let's take a look at the primary elements that you should be aware of.

What Are Your Goals?

The first thing you should consider are your goals for the trading system.

Do you want to multiply a small account? Or do you want to make a steady income on a larger account?

These are very important questions to ask yourself when you are getting started.

Your answer to this question will determine the type of system you will create.

It helps to write down a yearly goal that you will be shooting for.

Some traders want to make 10,000% in a year (yes, they are serious). But in reality, 30% a year, with a decent sized account would be more than enough to meet their desires…with a lot less stress.

So take a realistic look at what you really want to get out of your trading system.

Write down your goals in your trading plan.

Drawdown

A lot of traders want to make the big bucks. But big profits usually also means big drawdowns.

Can you handle that?

Some traders can.

However, in my experience, most traders can't.

So pay attention to your drawdown numbers. A 40% drawdown might not be a big deal when you are demo trading. But the psychology can change dramatically when real money is on the line.

If you have a hard time feeling the emotional impact of a drawdown in a demo account, open a small real money account and use nano lots.

You may find that you are willing to tolerate a higher or lower drawdown than you expected. That's why it's important to test different types of trading systems to find out what works best for you.

Trading Frequency

Next, it's important to understand how frequently your strategy trades and how you feel about that frequency.

For example, let's say that your strategy only executes a few trades a month. But when it does trade, there's a high probability of success and you usually have a few big winners because you trail your stop loss.

That sounds great right?

Well, that actually sounds terrible to some traders. These traders get bored easily and want to be trading more frequently.

The opposite can also be true.

If a system executes too many trades, some traders get stressed out about having to trade all the time, or having too many trades open at once.

So take some time to consider your optimal trading frequency.

It's not the same for everyone.

Winning Percentage

Are you the type of trader who likes to see a high win rate? Or do you prefer to win less often, but have higher risk multiple returns per trade?

One trader I know of likes to go for 100R trades. But he only wins about 20% of the time. Could you handle 8 losing trades in a row (or more), before you get a winner?

Or would you rather only make 1R, but win 75% of the time?

Both methods are profitable.

There are no right or wrong answers here.

It's all about what you are most comfortable with.

Again, experiment with both to see what you prefer.

Fully Automated, Manual or Both?

The mechanics of how you enter and exit trades can make a big difference in your trading results.

For example, if your trading system has to be automated in order to be profitable, but you don't know how to program an automated trading strategy, then that strategy won't work for you.

But you can always learn. Take our Beginning MT4 Programming Course by master developer Adam Hartley.

Of course, you can also look for programmer to code it for you. Here's a list of programmers and a guide on how to find the right one.

On the other hand, maybe you don't trust an automated system and would prefer to manage trades yourself. If that's the case, then be sure that you will be able to trade at the times when your trades usually set up.

If your system usually has its best trades at 3:00 am local time, then that probably won't work as a manual system.

This is why backtesting and beta testing are so important. You want to figure out the blind spots in your system so you can compensate accordingly.

Step 2: Create a Written Trading Plan

The next step is to write down your trading rules.

This ensures that you have a solid reference point from which to make all of your trading decisions.

Use any recording method that works for you, but I've found that good ol' pen and paper works best for me. It's just easier to take notes and change things during the development process.

After I'm done making changes to a system, then I'll put it into Evernote.

If you want a template for your trading plan, you can download a free PDF worksheet here. I find it very useful to print out a bunch of these and leave them near my desk.

When I get an idea, I jot it down so I don't forget. Then I can come back to it later to develop the idea.

A good trading plan should have the following elements:

Trading system name

Version number

Indicators used, with settings

Entry criteria

Trade management rules

Risk rules

Re-entry rules

Rules for portfolio risk

Will this be traded manual, fully automated, or a little of both?

There may be other elements that you want to add later, but that list is a good start.

You can get a trading plan from many sources on the internet. There's no shortage of them, you can get them from courses, forums and blog posts.

See the strategies that we've shared here.

I would also recommend checking out the MQL5 Codebase and TradingView trading strategy communities. They are a big mish-mosh of strategies, with varying levels of quality, but they can give you some good ideas.

You can also look at the code and copy/paste ideas you like. If you find a strategy that actually works, that can be a great starting point for your strategy.

But how do you know if a trading strategy will give you an advantage in the markets?

That's what backtesting is for…

Step 3: Backtest Your Trading Plan Rules

Next, it's time to test your plan so you are confident that it will work in real-world trading. If you are new to backtesting, read our free guide here.

There are different ways to backtest and the best method for you will depend on the type of strategy you have.

For example, if you have a fully automated strategy, you may consider testing in something like Forex Tester or MetaTrader 5. These are good platforms to backtest automated Forex strategies on.

If you have a manually executed strategy, Forex Tester, MetaTrader 5 or TradingView are all good platforms to test on.

Your backtesting will give you some key pieces of information:

Drawdown

Win rate

Longest win streak

Longest losing streak

Best/worst days to trade

Best/worst times to trade

And more!

If a backtesting platform doesn't give you some of this data, you can always export it to a spreadsheet to figure it out.

Don't expect to hit the jackpot on the first try. A successful backtesting result is almost always the result of many, many experiments.

Successful traders make small tweaks to a strategy and test the results. Remember to only change one thing at a time and test that change.

Otherwise, you won't know which changes worked and which ones didn't.

Once you have a strategy that hits your goals, you are ready to move on.

Step 4: Beta Test Your Rules

After you have tested your strategies and are confident in the results, don't jump into live trading just yet. There's one more step to do before you start risking real moola.

This is called beta testing or forward testing.

You don't want to jump directly into live trading because there are still a few things that you may need to work out.

For example, if you have a fully automated trading strategy that runs on MT5, you should definitely test it in a demo account with the broker that you intend to trade live with.

The broker's spread or server lag may affect how your strategy trades in live conditions. Sometimes the results can be significantly different.

So run this beta test for a few months to be sure that there aren't any other hidden issues with your trading system. Once you are confident it will work as you expect, now it's time to go live!

Step 5: Go Live

Now it's time to put your system into action. I would recommend starting out with a small account or using a smaller amount of risk in the beginning.

There may still be a few unforeseen differences between your broker's live server and the demo server.

But if it's all good, then let your strategy loose!

Remember to track your trades in a trading journal, so you can review the results every week.

Don't change anything about the system until you have at least 100 trades in the books. It can be tempting to start to mess with the system if it isn't winning right away.

Resist the urge because you may just be in a normal drawdown. You need to give the system time to apply your edge.

Final Thoughts on Rule-Based Trading Systems

A rule-based trading strategy will not take all of the emotion out of trading. For some traders, a very strict trading system can actually lead to more losses because they are not free to take all opportunities that come along.

But for traders who can be indecisive about trading decisions, or prefer to minimize the effect of their emotions, strict rules can be a great way to trade.

The added benefit of a rule based strategy is you can change specific elements of the strategy and see exactly how those changes affect the results.

If you want help testing a rules-based system or a discretionary trading strategy, join the TraderEvo Program. We take you step-by-step through the process of testing, verifying and reviewing trading strategies.

The post 5 Steps to a Rule-Based Trading System That Works appeared first on Trading Heroes.

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