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eco89eu · 14 days

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The French socialists candidates for the European elections: renewal or party insiders?

On the website touteleurope.eu, an emanation of the French government, we find a brief analysis of the composition of the list led by Raphaël Glucksmann for the upcoming European elections on June 9. https://www.touteleurope.eu/vie-politique-des-etats-membres/elections-europeennes-2024-qui-sont-les-candidats-de-la-liste-parti-socialiste-ps-place-publique-pp/

Of course, we still don't know how many candidates will be elected, but to simplify the exercise, we can limit the analysis to the first 12 names, eligible and therefore highly coveted by our favorite party insiders. Indeed, this is roughly the number of MEPs who could join the Social Democratic Group according to a recent survey on the europelects.eu website: Source: https://europeelects.eu/2024/05/03/april-2024/

Here are the candidates who have a good chance of being elected:

Glucksmann: human rights and micro-party

Raphaël Glucksmann (44 years old, Paris): Becoming increasingly known to the general public thanks to favorable media coverage, the darling of the nostalgics of François Hollande's glorious PS is a sitting MEP, vice-chair of the "Human Rights" sub-committee. He already led the PS list in 2019. Mr. Glucksmann represents the colors of the micro-party "Place publique" (his fan club) and is not a member of the PS, which remains a political oddity. The candidate has distinguished himself by his international positions in favor of human rights, particularly on the issue of the Uyghurs. Mr. Glucksmann is a fervent supporter of the Ukrainian cause. He has worked on the issue of international interference in the EU and does not hide his hostility towards Beijing's policy. He also displays strong ecological convictions, without however sitting in the Green group in the European Parliament.

Mebarek: the legitimist Arlésienne

Nora Mebarek (51 years old, Bouches-du-Rhône): Little known on the national political scene, Mrs. Mebarek is also a sitting MEP, vice-chair of the Regional Development Committee. Her Wikipedia page outlines a typical local elected official career of the old PS. Initially a collaborator at the PACA regional council, Mrs. Mebarek was vice-president of the Arles agglomeration from 2014 to 2020. To top it off, the candidate was first secretary of the PS federation of the 13th before joining Brussels.

Moreover, an article indicates that in 2018, Mrs. Mebarek imposed herself on the 13th federation against Mr. Ohanessian, Olivier Faure's candidate. One can assume that the sitting MEP represents a fairly legitimist trend within the PS, the latter having been supported by Michel Vauzelle, an influential figure.

Jouvet: Valls then the NUPES

Pierre Jouvet (37 years old, Drôme): Not being an incumbent, Mr. Jouvet was able to establish himself in a very good position on Mr. Glucksmann's list. Let's not beat around the bush, the profile of the Drôme native from Sciences Po is typical of a baron of the PS from the golden age. Just go to https://pierrejouvet.fr/ to see that the candidate is currently mayor of Saint-Vallier (4,000 inhabitants), president of a community of 50,000 inhabitants and also a departmental councilor. Pierre Jouvet seems to have boundless energy, especially since he is also the general secretary of the PS (that is to say, very high up in the national bodies of the PS).

"I am not, I have never been, and I will never be the sandwich man of the Socialist Party."

Pierre Jouvet on Facebook, 2017.

If Mr. Jouvet had looked towards Macronism in 2017 after campaigning for Manuel Valls against Benoît Hamon, he has since repented and was one of the negotiators who allowed the PS to join the NUPES. He can be clearly classified in the "pro-Faure" camp. Having failed to be elected as a deputy under the NUPES label in 2022, Mr. Jouvet will most likely be rewarded for his loyalty to Mr. Faure with a warm seat in the European Parliament. A campaign poster from 2017 that hasn't aged well. Mr. Jouvet had also inserted a photo of Macron in his campaign leaflet. "I had doubts about what he would do," said the candidate.

Lalucq: from Benoît Hamon to the Green New Deal

Aurore Lalucq (45 years old, Paris): Member of Place publique and sitting MEP. A trained economist, she has worked on ecological transition and published several essays. It is important to note that the candidate has never been a university lecturer in economics but rather an economist in a think tank (in terms of economic expertise, she is clearly not at the level of a Julia Cagé for example). Lalucq had made headlines in 2019 by defecting from Benoît Hamon's list, with whom she was very close during the 2017 presidential campaign. This low blow allowed her to become an MEP and escape the crushing failure of the Hamonist list, which did not obtain any seats.

"Lalucq met Hamon during the PS primary - a party that had never been her cup of tea, because 'he always does the opposite of what he says once in power,' this 'green' voter jibes."

Le Parisien, 2018

In the European Parliament, Mrs. Lalucq was the rapporteur for the directive on the taxation of multinationals. She has put forward several texts on finance, taxation, and employment. Finally, it should be noted that she co-chairs the Green New Deal Intergroup.

Having wanted to join the Green group for a while, the MEP finally joined the Socialist group in 2019, thus further distancing herself from the Hamonists, close to the Greens. A photo that hasn't aged well, source: https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aurore_Lalucq

In 2019, Claire Nouvian had declared that "Place publique [had] been infiltrated by small mediocre and undesirable arrivistes." Hopefully, she was not referring to Mrs. Lalucq.

Clergeau: Nantes or Brussels, why choose?

Christophe Clergeau (55 years old, Nantes): MEP since 2023 only, entered Parliament due to a resignation, Mr. Clergeau has also been a regional councilor in Pays de la Loire for 20 years. He was even vice-president of the regional council under the socialist majority. The candidate has clearly indicated that he will not give up the accumulation of these two mandates. After all, Brussels and Nantes are just next door!

"I remain a regional councilor."

Christophe Clergeau, 2023

Source: https://www.paysdelaloire.fr/mon-conseil-regional/linstitution/les-elus

It is difficult to comment on the activities of the MEP, as they are almost non-existent at the moment, according to the official website of the institution. Mr. Clergeau will work during the next mandate on agriculture, environment, and aid for the development of North-South relations.

Moreover, the candidate has also been the "Mr. Europe" of the PS since 2019 (at that time, it was probably a consolation prize following his non-election in Brussels).

Laurent: a repentant Macronist from Lyon

Murielle Laurent (46 years old, Lyon): Unknown to the general public, Mrs. Laurent is the mayor of a small town in Greater Lyon. Just like Mrs. Mebarek represents the 13th and Mr. Clergeau the 44th, Mrs. Laurent represents the 69th on Glucksmann's list (or rather the 69M, since the department has been divided in two). The balance of territories seems to have been at the heart of the constitution of the socialist list, despite the national voting system and the European nature of the issues. Little information is available about Murielle Laurent, but the local elected official is apparently the subject of controversies within her party. This is hardly surprising as she was a candidate for the Lyon metropolitan area under the LREM label in 2020, information easily verifiable on the Ministry of the Interior's website: An embarrassing archive for Mrs. Laurent. Source: https://www.archives-resultats-elections.interieur.gouv.fr/resultats/metropole-de-Lyon-2020/C2MPLYO-11L005.php

Fortunately, since the Greens' victory in the metropolitan area, Mrs. Laurent has rectified her course and developed some affinities for the left-wing and environmentalist alliance: Murielle Laurent in March 2024, uncomfortable when LyonMag journalist asks her if she aligns more with "En Marche" or with the environmentalist majority metropolitan.

Germain: Mr. Hidalgo and technocrat

Jean-Marc Germain (57 years old, Paris): Polytechnique, ministerial cabinets under the plural left (Aubry, Jospin) and MP for the affluent neighborhoods of the 92nd under Hollande. Mr. Germain is now only a regional councilor, which is a stain for a technocrat of this caliber. The good polls for Glucksmann's list suggest that this terrible injustice will soon be rectified and that the Parisian elected official will be able to join Brussels. Very close to Martine Aubry, a rebel under Hollande then a supporter of Benoît Hamon, the candidate seems to embody the left wing of the PS. We hope that unlike his colleague Clergeau, Mr. Germain will not forget to resign from the Regional Council of Île-de-France if elected to Brussels. A notable fact, Mr. Germain is the husband of Anne Hidalgo for whom he campaigned in 2022, as a left-wing representative, we have seen better! His conception of feminism seems rather strange.

"I am hyper-feminist. I am the one who cooks and shops, and she does the cleaning and laundry."

Jean-Marc Germain, 2021

Source: https://www.rtl.fr/culture/medias-people/une-ambition-intime-m6-qui-est-jean-marc-germain-l-epoux-d-anne-hidalgo-7900093581

Rafowicz: victim of anti-Semitism but combative

Emma Rafowicz (28 years old, Paris): Finally a young one! So we have to wait until the 8th place to find a candidate under 30. We'll take it. Mrs. Rafowicz is the president of the Young Socialists and a municipal councilor in Paris. She was recently the victim of online anti-Semitic attacks, most likely linked to the insubordinate sphere as reported by L'Humanité or Libération.

"Emma Rafowicz has seen the signature of the far right, but also that of LFI militants, identifiable by tortoises, the phi symbol or an inverted red triangle, displayed by some MPs from the movement."

Le Monde, 2024

Anyone who has spent some time on social networks has seen the virulence, even hatred, regularly propagated by accounts presenting themselves as insubordinate. The movement's leadership seems to have a glaring responsibility in the matter, as can be seen in the case of Mrs. Rafowicz. Bompard, Mélenchon's right-hand man, has indeed denied any involvement of LFI in the anti-Semitic attacks, despite the evidence. The insubordinate leaders and Mélenchon himself are the only ones who can calm, disavow, and condemn the enraged individuals who tirelessly poison social networks in the name of LFI. However, they do nothing and regularly throw oil on the fire. https://www.lesjeunes-soc.fr/presidence

Good luck to Emma Rafowicz who should most likely join the benches of Brussels next June. Let's hope she doesn't become an ambitious party insider like so many young socialists before her.

Pellerin-Carlin: energy expert in a think tank

Thomas Pellerin-Carlin (35 years old, Calvados): This member of Place publique holds a degree in political science and has worked in a think tank on European energy issues. Mr. Pellerin-Carlin is obviously a very busy man because alongside his activities in the think tank, he teaches at the College of Europe, Sciences Po, the Sorbonne, and Sorbonne-Nouvelle University. The candidate appears to be a technocrat in the making, an "expert," with a profile similar to that of Mrs. Lalucq, belonging to the same party. Let's sincerely hope that Mr. Pellerin-Carlin is not a "small mediocre and undesirable arriviste" who has infiltrated Place publique, to quote Mrs. Nouvian. Pellerin-Carlin on BFM business in 2022

Ridel: young ENA graduate in service

Chloé Ridel (32 years old, Gard): Sciences Po, ENA, and various positions in prestigious public institutions. A classic career path for a professional politician. Mrs. Ridel is the national spokesperson for the PS, which she joined very recently, in 2023. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0kpjRAwzaGk

Sargiacomo: first federal of the Landes

Eric Sargiacomo (54 years old, Landes): After Arles, Nantes, Lyon, the tour of France's regions of the PS takes us to Nouvelle Aquitaine, with a candidate for whom "the inner workings of the Socialist Party of the Landes have no secrets [and] who has been part of the federal leadership since 1996," according to Sud Ouest. Like his Nantes counterpart, Mr. Sargiacomo is a regional councilor and therefore potentially a cumulard if he retains his local mandate.

Fita: anti-NUPES Occitan

Claire Fita (47 years old, Tarn): In twelfth position, we find a representative of the Occitanie region, of which she is also vice-president, in addition to municipal

and community mandates in Tarn. Once again, the question of cumulating mandates arises, as is very often the case with socialists. Furthermore, unsurprisingly, we learn here that Mrs. Fita is very close to Carole Delga, notoriously anti-NUPES and anti-Faure. Claire Fita's presence in an eligible position on Glucksmann's list attests to Carole Delga's considerable political influence within the socialist apparatus, despite her support for anti-NUPES dissident candidacies in the last legislative elections and her outrageous media appearances. Thus, the PS proposes, as often, a delicate synthesis between apparently incompatible lines, with the number 3 on the list being very pro-NUPES. https://www.laregion.fr/Les-vice-presidentes-et-vice-presidents Synthesis

This socialist list is caricatural and demonstrates that the party has changed very little since the Hollande years. It is hard not to qualify the PS as a party of local elected officials, or even apparatchiks. Out of the first 12 places, more than half are allocated to barons who already hold local mandates and occupy positions in federal or national party bodies. While the Faure faction seems to have a slight advantage over the anti-NUPES, especially with Mr. Jouvet, other candidates like Mrs. Fita remind us that the Delga line still exists and is doing well. If parity is respected, very few eligible candidates seem to come from immigrant backgrounds. Most candidates seem highly educated (Polytechnique, Sciences Po, ENA) and there are hardly any workers or employees in eligible positions. The "Place publique" component of the list does not really change the situation and brings a scent of technocracy and liberal think tank to the Socialist Party.

Ultimately, the main criticism that can be leveled at this list is a lack of clarity. Eligible positions are occupied by PS barons but the list carries the colors of Place publique, with a monochrome rose logo hidden in a corner. The list claims to be ecological and Mrs. Lalucq supports the green new deal, but no elected official will sit with the European Greens. Instead of the very liberal German Greens, Mr. Glucksmann prefers the good old SPD of Olaf Scholz. The upper and educated classes are overrepresented, diversity absent. Several list members have displayed very hostile positions towards the left-wing alliance, and a former Macronist from Lyon already has her place guaranteed in the European Parliament.

Voting for this list is to endorse the resurrection of the old PS. Will the social-democratic software live up to the ecological and social challenges of the Old Continent? If the list keeps its promises, it may be an opportunity for the French left to refocus around a soft reformism. This is not very exciting, but it may be more constructive and realistic than La France Insoumise and its strategy of brutalizing public debate.

#france #européennes #socialists #glucksmann

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pagesofbloodandink · 10 months

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Æthelwulf (Noble Wolf)

Although there is no date of birth recorded it is assumed that Æthelwulf was born in approx. 795. This would make sense as his father (King Ecgberht of Wessex) had supposedly met his mother (Redburga) whilst in exile. There are no recorded siblings.

Æthelwulf is first mentioned within the Anglo-Saxon Chronicles in 825, at aged 30 at the Battle of Humber, his father instructed him to take his army to Kent where he successfully expelled the Mercian sub-king and appointed himself instead. He was the first son to succeed his father as a West Saxon King since 641. He reigned as King of Kent from 825 – 839.

When Æthelwulf succeeded to the throne of Wessex in 839, his experience as sub-king of Kent had given him valuable training in kingship, and he in turn made his own sons sub-kings. His reign lasted 19 years ending in 858. According to the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, on his accession "he gave to his son Æthelstan the kingdom of the people of Kent, and the kingdom of the East Saxons [Essex] and of the people of Surrey and of the South Saxons [Sussex]". However, Æthelwulf did not give the same power as his father had given him, and although Æthelstan attested his father's charters as king, he does not appear to have been given the power to issue his own charters. Æthelwulf exercised authority in the south-east and made regular visits there.

As his father before him, Æthelwulf maintained a good relationship with Mercia. He did this through alliance rather than conquest with his own daughter, Ethelswith, marrying King Burghred of Mercia in 853. In the same year Æthelwulf assisted Burgred in a successful attack on Wales to restore the traditional Mercian hegemony over the Welsh.

Æthelwulf had two wives his first Osburh (said to be the daughter of Oslac, a man descended from Jutes who had ruled the Isle of Wright) who bared all his children, his second wife being Judith of Flanders who you will find mentioned later and will be the subject of my next blog.

Although not completely eradicate The Viking plight had lessened dramatically. Viking raids increased in the early 840s on both sides of the English Channel, and in 843 Æthelwulf was defeated by the companies of 35 Danish ships at Carhampton in Somerset.

In 850 sub-king Æthelstan and Ealdorman Ealhhere of Kent won a naval victory over a large Viking fleet off Sandwich in Kent, capturing nine ships and driving off the rest ... huzzah. Æthelwulf granted Ealhhere a large estate in Kent, but Æthelstan is not heard of again, and probably died soon afterwards. The following year the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle records five different attacks on southern England.

A Danish fleet of 350 Viking ships took London and Canterbury, and when King Berhtwulf of Mercia went to their relief he was defeated. The Vikings then moved on to Surrey, where they were defeated by Æthelwulf and his son Æthelbald at the Battle of Aclea. According to the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle the West Saxon levies "there made the greatest slaughter of a heathen that we have heard tell of up to the present day".

In 850, a Danish army wintered on Thanet, and in 853, ealdormen Ealhhere of Kent and Huda of Surrey were killed in a battle against the Vikings, also on Thanet.

In 855, Danish Vikings stayed over the winter on Sheppey, before carrying on their pillaging of eastern England. However, during Æthelwulf's reign, Viking attacks were contained and did not present a major threat.

In 855, the king now approx. 50, the age his father has been when he passed decided to make pilgrimage to Rome. He must have been preparing for death as both Asser and the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle say that Æthelwulf gave a decimation shortly before leaving. According to the Chronicle "King Æthelwulf conveyed by charter the tenth part of his land throughout all his kingdom to the praise of God and to his own eternal salvation".

According to Abels:

"Æthelwulf was at the height of his power and prestige. It was a propitious time for the West Saxon king to claim a place of honour among the kings and emperors of christendom." His eldest surviving sons Æthelbald and Æthelberht were then adults, while Æthelred and Alfred were still young children. In 853 Æthelwulf sent his younger sons to Rome, perhaps accompanying envoys in connection with his own forthcoming visit. Alfred, and probably Æthelred as well, were invested with the "belt of consulship". Æthelred's part in the journey is only known from a contemporary record in the liber vitae of San Salvatore, Brescia, as later records such as the Anglo- Saxon Chronicle were only interested in recording the honour paid to Alfred.

The King left Wessex in the care of his oldest surviving son, Æthelbald, and the sub-kingdom of Kent to the rule of Æthelberht, and thereby confirmed that they were to succeed to the two kingdoms.

The pilgrimage puzzles historians and Kelly comments that "it is extraordinary that an early medieval king could consider his position safe enough to abandon his kingdom in a time of extreme crisis". She suggests that Æthelwulf may have been motivated by a personal religious impulse.

But alas death did not come, so after a year in Rome he returned to England. Further in fact on 1 October 856 Æthelwulf married Charles II (King of Francia) daughter, Judith, she being aged 12 or 13, at Verberie. The marriage was considered extraordinary by contemporaries and by modern historians. Carolingian princesses rarely married and were usually sent to nunneries, and it was almost unknown for them to marry foreigners. Judith was crowned queen and anointed by Hincmar, Archbishop of Rheims. Although empresses had been anointed before, this is the first definitely known anointing of a Carolingian queen. In addition West Saxon custom, described by Asser as "perverse and detestable", was that the wife of a king of Wessex could not be called queen or sit on the throne with her husband – she was just the king's wife.

His return was not welcomed by his eldest, who has thrown his toys out of the pram and was refusing to give back his power to daddy. I don’t think Ethelwulf had much energy to deal with such tantrums so agreed to divide Wessex, he’d take the East and Æthelbald ruled the West.

Æthelwulf died on 13 January 858. According to the Annals of St Neots, he was buried at Steyning in Sussex, but his body was later transferred to Winchester, probably by Alfred.

Some of Æthelwulf's bones may be in Winchester Cathedral. One of six mortuary chests near the altar has his name, but the bones were mixed up when they were thrown around by parliamentary soldiers during the English Civil War.

As Æthelwulf had intended, he was succeeded by Æthelbald in Wessex and Æthelberht in Kent and the south- east.

Æthelwulf's reputation among historians was poor in the twentieth century. In 1935, the historian R. H. Hodgkin attributed his pilgrimage to Rome to "the unpractical piety which had led him to desert his kingdom at a time of great danger", and described his marriage to Judith as "the folly of a man senile before his time".

In the twenty-first century, he is seen very differently by historians. Nelson describes him as "one of the great underrated among Anglo-Saxons", and complains that she was only allowed 2,500 words for him in the Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, compared with 15,000 for Edward II and 35,000 for Elizabeth I.

Sources:

Timothy Venning - The Kings & Queens of Anglo-Saxon England

Christopher Brooke - The Saxon and Norman Kings

Thomas Williams - Viking Britain

Marc Morris - The Anglo-Saxons

#anglo saxon

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journeydb · 11 months

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July 16 2022 Boulder County

Bruce and I rode to Longmont to take care of Maple this morning and then he rode home while I did the second leg of the Courage Classic tour by riding to Hygiene.

According to Wikipedia:

“Hygiene is an unincorporated community with a U.S. Post Office in Boulder County, Colorado, United States. Application for the first Hygiene Post Office was made by Jacob Stoner Flory of the United Church of the Brethren on May 28, 1883. Originally named Pella, the community's present name stems from a time when it had a sanatorium to work with tuberculosis patients. St. Vrain Church of the Brethren, a historic Church of the Brethren congregation, is located in the town.”

My favorite place in Hygiene is Mary’s Market, which has good gluten free sandwiches and baked goods. I stopped there for a bite to eat before heading home to beat the storm that looked like it was coming from the western mountains.

Mary’s Market does sell some interesting things besides baked goods and someday I should come here by car so I can buy unique gifts and have a way to get them home.

The views along the way back were stunning with the dark storm clouds over the mountains.

This sign was unexpected but shows that people all over are concerned about the climate crisis. I made it home before the first raindrops fell and I was grateful for that and also for the RAIN!

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thelongview · 2 years

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The Ministry of Public Security Qincheng Prison (Chinese: 公安部秦城监狱) is a maximum-security prison located in Beijing, China. It was built in 1958 with aid from the Soviet Union. Political prisoners have been incarcerated in Qincheng, among them participants in the Chinese democracy movement and Tiananmen Square protests of 1989. The prison is built in accordance with the 1954 Reform Through Labor Regulations, so it is divided into three sections. The first section is for jail houses, and it includes both low and high-ranking prisoners, with the ranking often decided by the prisoner's social status, job position, and level of crime before entering the prisons. The second is called the Management and Work Section, the largest one among all three, with Qincheng Farm for field labors. The last section is the residential section for employees such as wardens and their relatives.

Once a prisoner enters the prison, his or her original name is no longer used. Instead, the prisoners are referred by number. The number consists of two parts, with the first two digits indicating the year the prisoner was sent to Qincheng prison, while the remaining digits are the sequential number. Prison employees are also prohibited from referring to each other by name, instead, they are called according to their job title, such as manager, warden, and director. Prisoners receive different meals based on their ages, crimes committed, social status and job positions prior entering the prison. Depending on the ranking of the prisoner, every prisoner is allowed to take a half an hour long shower once either weekly or monthly. The prison is sandwiched between orchards, with farm land and fish pond in front, a reflection of Mao Zedong's claim: "Our prisons are different than prisons in the past - each prison is actually a school, but also a factory or a farm." (from Wikipedia)

#prison #jail #architecture #apple maps

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pursuitoftrivialities · 2 years

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Card #2: Let's Go Get a Reuben at the Canal

Geography

Q: What Asian country boasts the world's longest canal, at 2,500 miles?

A: China

True, but inaccurate

I say true because China does boast the world's longest canal, but the measurement provided here is absurdly wrong.

The Beijing-Hanzhou Grand Canal is the world's longest artificial river or canal. The oldest sections trace their history back to the 5th century BCE. The total length is approximately 1,776 km (1,104 miles).

Where did they get 2500 miles? I don't really know. At first I thought maybe they fumbled a conversion somewhere. But if they had meant 2500 km, that still would have been wrong at ~1550 miles. 2500 miles would put it at over 4000 km.

So the answer is correct, but the question is not.

Source: World Atlas

Entertainment

Q: What actress aired her staunch beliefs against adultery, then noted: "This does not mean I did not pet with Carlo"?

A: Sophia Loren

Reasonably True?

This one was difficult. The only source I could find for this particular quote was a 1978 review of her biography "Sophia, Living and Loving: Her Own Story" by A. E. Hotchner - which at the time this game came out, was already 6 years old. I do not have a copy of this book and could not come up with a convenient way to access one, and don't know that the quote is alleged to have appeared in the book itself, anyway.

So, while I can't back this up with any other sources as a thing she definitely said, I also don't see any suggestion of this quote as being attributed to anyone else, so...we'll go with Reasonably True.

Source: Kirkus Reviews

History

Q: What was Zechariah Brigden the first to do through college, in 1657?

A: Work his way

True

I really had to work for this one (haha). I found an article in the 1933 edition of The Harvard Crimson (their school newspaper) titled "First Man To Work Way Through College Tolled Bell and Waited an Tables in 1657".

For ringing the college bell and waiting on table in the commons, Zachariah Bridgen, who entered Harvard College in 1657 at the age of 14, was given the sum of about $4 by the steward's office, on December 31, 1654, prior to his entrance as a student. This is the first record of an American student who earned part of his college expenses.

The steward's books further reveal that Bridgen had charges against him for: "commones and sizinges," which was board together with food and drink ordered from the buttery: "tuition"; 'study-rente and beed," or room and bed "for and candell"; wood; and for bringing corn from Charlestown." On he other side of the ledgers, Bridgen vas credited with such things as "sillier," "wheatt," "malte," "Indian" or born and "a bush of parsnips."

As a waiter, Bridgen received between 2 and $2.25 per quarter for three successive quarters, after which he was revarded approximately $12.25 for a scholarship, and $7.50 for wages. The total cost of an education in the 1650's ranged from $100 to $200, and was payable in silver and groceries.

Source: The Harvard Crimson

Arts & Literature

Q: What Biblical patriarch fathered Levi, Gad, Reuben and Joseph?

A: Jacob

True

Few things are easier to find information on than the Bible.

Jacob - the guy with the ladder - later given the name 'Israel' (regarded as a patriarch of the Israelites) had 12 sons in total: Reuben, Simeon, Levi, Judah, Dan, Naphtali, Gad, Asher, Issachar, Zebelun, Joseph, and Benjamin - who are regarded as the founders of the Twelve Tribes of Israel.

Also a daughter, Dinah. Yay, sexism.

Source: Wikipedia

Science & Nature

Q: What's D divided by X in Roman numerals?

A: L

True

D = 500, X = 10, L = 50.

So, 500 / 10 = 50.

Source: Roman Numeral Calculator

Sports & Leisure

Q: What vegetable dish combines with corned beef and cheese in a Reuben sandwich?

A: Sauerkraut

True

According to Omaha lore, the Reuben Sandwich was dreamed up at Omaha's Blackstone Hotel in 1925 by Reuben Kulakofsky, a local grocer, to feed a group of late-night poker players. Charles Schimmel, one of the players and the hotel's owner, liked it so much he put it on the menu of The Plush Horse, the hotel restaurant. A competing claim comes from the family of Arnold Reuben, who owned a series of New York City restaurants. Although there is evidence that a sandwich similar to the classic Reuben was served at Arnold Reuben's restaurants, only family stories substantiate his claim to THE Reuben Sandwich.

In the city of Omaha, March 14 is designated Reuben Sandwich Day.

Source: Wikipedia History Nebraska My Jewish Learning

Not too bad.

Next time we'll look at a possibly mis-named palace, a quote that a famed acrobat may or may not have said, the complicated burial history of a beloved first lady, who stole the Mona Lisa's necklace, the disputed history of the toothpick, and the draft beer for connoisseurs.

#trivia #today i learned #trivial pursuit #fact check #fun facts #fascinating #the more you know #random fact

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skovsgaardbrowning7 · 2 years

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Saint Laurent Paris Teddy Varsity Replica

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moopsis · 2 months

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Today I wish to propose new pronouns.

More specifically, I want to persuade as many people as possible to adopt a genderless pronoun system because I think it would be neat, cool, and also good.

My proposition begins with the basic singular and plural "they", with a couple small tweaks.

For plural "they," I propose adding -s to the end of "they" and "them" to create "theys" and "thems." ("Theys are going hiking and theys brought snacks with thems.") The reason for this is to add a subtle distinction between the singular and plural versions. Yes, I'm aware that this will often blend into the surrounding sounds when spoken. I still think it will be useful.

For singular "they," I propose keeping the pronouns themselves the same but make the verbs around thems conjugate to the singular. ("They is eating lunch alone. They is content with their sandwich.") The reason for this is, again, to distinguish between the two "they" pronoun sets.

So the idea here is that there is no gender or personal identity attached to pronouns. They are just neutral reference terms. I believe this is for the best because it takes very little for humans to discriminate against people who are in an "other" category, and any pronouns attached to a specific feature (or identity) of a person are gonna end up being used to categorize. That's not a world ending catastrophe, but I still think its a better option over all to not have people categories baked into our everyday language.

But I'm not done yet.

Because, you see, my proposal above does create a small problem. And that problem is distinguishing between multiple people in a narrative.

"Alex approached Sky and put their hands on their hips."

Did Alex put Alex's hands on Sky's hips? Did Alex put Sky's hands on Alex's hips? Did Alex put Alex's hands on Alex's hips? Did Alex put Sky's hands on Sky's hips?

All are possible. Some of those are very different scenes. We need to be able to distinguish these scenarios from each other more effectively.

So what is the solution? I propose obviative pronouns. What does that mean? Well, according to wikipedia;

In other words, obviative pronouns indicate that a person is less central to the current discussion. This can be based on narrative significance (like a superhero getting the proximate [more central] pronouns and their sidekick getting an obviative [less central] set), or even just on the order in which people appeared in the story.

Because They/Them pronouns are already familiar, that one should be the Proximate set. It wouldn't really change anything significant about the way They/Them pronouns are used, except the singular conjugations described above.

Next, the obviative sets. Multiple. Though many of thems will be rarely used because you rarely have to distinguish between more than two people like this. It will still be useful for further obviations to exist just in case someone wants to tell a wildly confusing story and needs thems all.

1st obviative set: Zey/Zem/Zeir/Zeirs/Zemself

2nd obviative set: Hey/Hem/Heir/Heirs/Hemself

3rd obviative set: Shey/Shim/Sher/Shers/Shimself

4th obviative set and above: Dey/Dem/Der/Ders/Demself

Now also in order for this to work, we need a way to mark which character gets which pronoun set. Context clues could work, but what I think would be more effective is a prefix system. So, when a character is first introduced you use the subject pronoun as a prefix (for example: they-Batman and zey-Robin), then you never have to mark the names like that again in the story. In fact, if context already communicates it the prefixes can be omitted entirely. Its simply a tool to keep things clear.

So back to the example sentence using this obviation system,

"they-Alex approached zey-Sky and put zeir hands on their hips."

That pronoun change makes it clear what is going on in the scene. Arguably, the prefixes could be omitted here because you can assume that Alex would get the proximate set based on them being the subject. But for the sake of demonstration I made sure to keep thems in.

Anyway I'm done talking about linguistics stuff now. I'm gonna call this approach to pronouns "Moopsis Pronouns" because I can. I hope you use thems, it would make me happy to see.

#neopronouns #pronouns #gender neutral post #gender neutral #obviative pronouns #linguistics #moopsis pronouns #genderless pronouns #gender neutral language

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alexseanchai · 3 years

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Fanfic 2020 in Review

I got tagged by @kasienda @noirshitsuji and @marvelousmsmol and I am tagging whoever wants to play!

1) List of fics completed this year in the order they were finished:

*filters own works to complete and updated in 2020*

1 - 20 of 57 Works by AlexSeanchai

nope. *adds filter to include only works of at least 1000 words*

unless otherwise indicated, these are all Miraculous Ladybug:

“don’t bake it lying down”, post-reveal Marichat vs Felix Graham de Vanily

“veracity”, canon divergence from “Ladybug” featuring Mister Bug and Verity Queen (so also Marichat, I guess)

“(no request is too extreme, if) your heart is in your dream”, in which Hawkmoth wins, for the thirty seconds or so before Emilie saves Ladybug and Chat Noir’s lives

“tell me you love me and make me believe it”, in which trans girl Chatonne Noire ropes Ladybug into helping plan her civilian self’s escape slash social transition

“kingmaker, oathbreaker”, in which Hawkmoth wins and Emilie watches her son remove himself from the family

“stay and let me watch you break it down” (Twelve Dancing Princesses), a modern setting

“set a course for winds of fortune”, in which trans girl Chatonne Noire has already escaped and Gabriel and Nathalie are trying to bring Gabriel’s son home

“we ground love in a hopeless place”, in which post-reveal Marinette’s attempt to remain resolutely not in love with her partner dissolves like sugar in coffee when they start a pun war

“ring the bells that still can ring”, in which Alya is deeply confused about why Adrien and Marinette are planning a wedding when last night both were single

“burning wishes at both ends (the cold wind and long loud wail remix)”, in which Gabriel made a monkey’s paw wish and Emilie makes another

“words cannot espresso”, in which Marinette’s OC roommate is justifiably worried for Marinette’s safety, and meanwhile Adrien takes care of Marinette

“the compromise of truth” (the chronologically second-earliest part posted to date of nine lives, snake’s eyes), in which Adrien tells his friends how he won some freedom and respect from his father

“At The Present Time”, the Ladrien/Ladynoir marriage proposal follow-up to @art-deco-shrimp‘s “Your Presents Required”

“j'ai rêvé (so I don't have to dream alone)”, in which the events of canon must just have been a series of dream sequences, Marinette and Adrien both think, until they both arrive at Chloe’s Halloween masquerade dressed as themselves from the dreams

2) Number of words written:

ahahaha no. I am not counting all my scattered fic drafts and trying to figure out what I did and didn’t write in 2020. I refuse.

AO3 says I posted 162K in 2020. it is counting all of keeps you guessing (like any real love), which (a) I started posting in 2019 (b) is co-written by @galahadwilder; it is counting all of my meta snippets collection, much of which was written in 2019; it is counting the Vimeo passwords for my vids. but I probably cleared 150K by a safe margin.

3) Your most popular fic:

“veracity” has a four-digit kudos count, wow, when’d that happen? this is also the 2020 work with the most hits and the most bookmarks, but “tell me you love me” has four-thirds as many comments as its nearest competitor.

4) Your personal fav:

“cannot break us, not with a thousand swords”, no question about it. this is the one in which Ladybug proposes marriage to Chat Noir via Princess Bride meme on Tumblr. (if you intend to download the work or otherwise to consume it with creator style off, you want the accessible version instead of the primary version.)

5) Your fav scene:

aaaaaaaaa

—okay so this is cheating and I know it, since Uncertain Humors (the one where Marinette/Adrien is both Orpheus/Eurydice and Theseus/Ariadne) is nowhere near finished, never mind posted (maybe I'll get “Sanguine” done to post on my birthday?)

but it is still my favorite of the year. as you might guess from that description of the story, this scene has content notes for character death:

Hell is a maze. Marinette walks.

This acrid passage has little to see but damp stone, seeming blood-stained in the dim carmine light. At about the height of her heart, the faintly glowing thread cuts through the not-clammy air; it ought to be pulsing at the same rate as the heart it's bound to. She might be able to see her own reflection if she looked down at the open sewage pipe, or at one of the puddles that now and again she splashes through, dampening the canvas of her shoes. She might see reflected what's behind her.

She remembers Mme. Mendeleiev lecturing on human physiology. In healthy humans old enough to have learned how, urination is a voluntary action: one may not know which muscles one tenses and relaxes in order to do so, and probably isn't paying attention to those details when one is doing, but one has conscious control over whether one does. Usually. Stress and anxiety mean some people are unable to relax the relevant sphincter muscle and others are unable to stop themselves. It's voluntary for cats, too: it's one way they mark their territories. Cat-boys have other ways.

There is a moment in every human life when all one's muscles relax at once. Some Parisians have had several such moments.

The thread is braided with itself around her left fourth finger, rows of tiny red half-hitch knots, and falls loosely over the back of her hand to loop twice around her wrist. She holds it wrapped between the fingers of her right hand to keep it at a constant tension, as though knitting with this insubstantial thread, so fragile for something two (two dozen, two million) lives hang from—too thin to sew with, no thicker than one strand of his hair. As she walks, she winds it around and around and around her wrist.

Between her ring finger and her right hand, it loops twice.

Marinette's shoe lands in a puddle she didn't see. The rainwater splashes soundlessly onto her bare ankle and on the stone.

(With cat-like tread, upon our prey we steal— It's a very loud song.)

She walks on.

6) A fic or scene that challenged you:

where the firelight fades, no contest. this is the second story I’ve ever been able to stick with more than a couple hundred words past the 20K mark, but it’s easily the twentieth novel-length I’ve begun. (though also, you know that kedreeva post? well, 90K later, I’m less than 15K from completing this 10K fic! I think.) and I have been learning so much about long-form fiction.

there has also been a lot of weeping and tearing my hair. case in point: I just trashed the chapter 15 draft because I figured out the reason it wasn’t going anywhere! I can probably keep the first few hundred words of that draft without any editing, and another few hundred with some revision...

7) A line of writing you’re proud of:

from “j'ai rêvé (so I don't have to dream alone)”:

Everything about their partnership is fragments of sentences in the dream diary Adrien writes in ultraviolet pen. Disjointed flickers of thought even when examined under the black light he hides in the snack cabinet under packets of Super Yoyo sandwich cookies and bags of cheesy Monster Munch potato chips and boxes of petit écolier butter cookies (chocolat noir)—none of which explains the gym-socks smell. All fleeting incoherent flashes, invisible between the mundane lines of La Modification shelved at his bedside between Leroux and Dumas. None of it is solid. Adrien has more proof his room's haunted.

okay let me break this down for you!

* Adrien started a dream diary to make sense of the memories

* in invisible ink, in a book that (according to Wikipedia) is thematically appropriate and won’t (if Gabriel sees it) look like anything other than Adrien developing an interest in French literature

* shelved between Phantom of the Opera and The Three Musketeers

* look I didn’t come up with the name “black light”

* or “chocolat noir” for what English speakers call “dark chocolate”, or “petit écolier” (that is, “little schoolboy”) for that sort of butter cookie

* also not my fault that “chocolat noir” sounds remarkably like “Chat Noir”, which, attentive readers may have noticed, is not a name that appears in the story after the header and before Miraculous Cure

* I found the website of a store in Boston, Massachusetts that caters to French expats, and the yo-yo cookies and the monster chips were right there in the photos, y’all

* the snack stash and the black light live in the cabinet where, in canon, the Camembert lives; yes, that cheese smells in the real world like gym socks

* this story’s akuma was not able to affect anything but squishy human memory: nobody affected remembers anything about Ladybug or Chat Noir or Hawkmoth, not in any solid way, not even when they read news articles about the subject, and this includes Marinette and Adrien not being able to see or hear or remember their own kwamis—but you know what Adrien’s Insta post about his poltergeist and Adrien’s Insta post with the floating sock don’t show and don’t explicitly refer to?

* I love this paragraph so much (my housemates may have been lovingly mocking me over it)

8) A comment that touched you:

there are people (y’all know who you are) who said y’all are studying my style. I ded of blush.

9) Something that inspired your writing:

by volume of fic drafts that can be blamed on any particular person, the winner is probably @norakwami

10) Your proudest accomplishment (that one scene; finally finishing that one fic; posting your first fic; etc):

so that longest-story-ever-written record I set in 2007 with the 89.5K story that, till where the firelight fades, was the only story I’d gotten much past 20K?

I broke that fucking record!

and then I deleted the draft of firelight chapter 15 😭

11) Do you have any writing goals for the next year?

I’m starting work on a fantasy novel, a Sleeping Beauty retelling in which I explore (among other things) the economic consequences of the king’s ordering all the spinning wheels burned, and I want to make significant progress on that. and I want to not make my hands any worse; I kind of need those!

(breaking news alert: bodies fucking suck. so does giving yourself repetitive stress injuries in doing one and a half to two people’s worth of work for an organization that was never ever going to pay you more than one person’s worth of pay.)

#by alexseanchai #miraculous ladybug #tag game

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xdelanceyshepard · 3 years

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“won a national music talent search competition called NEXT LEVEL & signed with THE REAL as alternative rock singer. jaded and cynical from the overwhelming new attention as a newcomer into the world of celebrities. but willing to play the game to keep afloat.” — penned by raven (EST & she/her)

tw: child neglect and homelessness

SUMMARY

[[ AMBER STEVENS WEST, SHE/HER, CIS FEMALE]] — don’t look now but i could swear i just saw the paparazzi chasing DELANCEY SHEPARD down the street! the THIRTY-TWO year old has been signed with ‘the real’ for the last 2 YEARS, so i guess you could say they’re a big deal. oh, you don’t believe me? the SOLO SINGER was over the tabloids a week ago where they were being praised for their DEDICATED, RESOURCEFUL, & INDEPENDENT nature, but don’t let that fool you, according to the people closest to them they’re also WITHDRAWN, INSECURE, & SKEPTICAL, but their fans like to just blame that on the fact they’re a/an LEO if you believe in all that. according to their wikipedia page this current l.a native was born in CINCINNATI, OH and a few secrets from their past tend to follow them to this day, like how RETRACTED. i’m sure they’d hate for that one to get out, so let’s keep it between us for now.

STATS

BASIC INFORMATION

name: Delancey Shepard

nicknames: Lancey, Dee-dee, and Daisy

pronouns: She/Her

gender: Cis Female

age: 32 years old

d.o.b: August 22, 1989

p.o.b: Cincinnati, Ohio

astrological sign: Leo

orientation: Homosexual/Homoromantic (closeted)

occupation: Alternative Rock Singer & Songwriter

APPEARANCE

faceclaim: Amber Stevens West

voiceclaim: Edith Johnson

height: 5'8

weight: 151 lb

build: Slender

hair colour: Brown

eye colour: Brown

wardrobe style: Post-Grunge (spaghetti straps, flare jeans, baggy pants, sheer textures, chunky shoes, slip dresses, midriff-baring crop tops, lots of lace, oversized flannel shirts, leather jackets, & casual sneakers)

tattoos: None

piercings: Five on Each Ear

defining features: She is a woman of Comanche, African-American, and Caucasian descent with light brown skin. She has straightened long brown hair, dark brown eyes, black-painted fingernails, a round nose, and a scar on the back of her neck from a knife. She usually wears glitter eye makeup during her live performances.

HEALTH

physical ailments: None

mental ailments: Post-traumatic Stress Disorder (undiagnosed) & Anxiety (undiagnosed)

do they drink: No

do they smoke: No

recreational drugs: None

addictions: None

PERSONALITY

character inspiration: Diane Nguyen, Fiona Gallagher, & Jane Lane

positive traits: Dedicated, Responsible, Open-Minded, Resourceful, & Independent

negative traits: Withdrawn, Apathetic, Sardonic, Insecure, & Skeptical

likes: Grilled Cheese Sandwiches, Solitude, Spending Time on Rooftops, Late Night Drives through a Fast Food Drive-Thru, Long Road Trips, Sleeping, & Reality TV Shows

dislikes: Parties, Beaches, People with Big Egos, Her Manager, Her Agent, Smokers, Paparazzi, Country Music, & Horror Movies

ACTIVITIES & SKILLS

skills: Writing, Singing, Cooking, Babysitting, Multi-tasking, & Driving

weaknesses: Choreography, Small Talk, & Applying Makeup

hidden talents: Drawing Skills

languages spoken: English

BIOGRAPHY

Delancey Shepard didn’t know what to expect her future to look like other than somewhere far away from her hometown. At a very young age, she was stuck in the difficult position as the oldest Shepard child. Because of her mom's frequent disappearing acts, Delancey was forced to be the family's caretaker, especially for her younger sister. She handled taking charge when necessary in her household to the best of her abilities as a child. As a result, Delancey quickly grew into a hardworking and quick-witted individual.

By the time Delancey reached her senior year of high school, she saved enough money on her own from part-time jobs and financial aid to be able to go attend a community college. However, the tensions with her mom became too challenging to bear. She had originally planned to major in Education but instead, she dropped out of school and moved out from her mom's house.

After traveling throughout three West Coast states and quitting five jobs later, she found herself as a STARBUCKS barista in Chino, California at the age of 30 years old. She was practically living in her car and she hadn't heard from her family in years. But she kept pretending that everything was okay.

Then Delancey found out about a national music talent search competition called NEXT LEVEL from her friends. They all agreed to participate in the competition as a joke. She went along with it because she thought it wouldn't hurt to go. Maybe her pride would get wounded on national television, but she'd recover from that. Delancey never considered the possibility of pursuing a career in music or art. It was foolish dreaming. Not something stable and realistic enough for her to obtain. So, when she made it through the first two rounds of auditions, she felt the world she knew to begin to unravel right in front of her.

The winner of the competition is expected to be offered a contract with THE REAL. The only issue with this matter was that Delancey never expected to actually win the competition. She entered as a joke, but she started enjoying singing and letting her competitive side get to her with her rival contestants. For once, she didn't consider the outcome of it all. But should she really afford to second guess her prize? It wasn't her fault that she won the many hearts of America with her “Broken Bird” looks.

Delancey signed with THE REAL as an ALTERNATIVE ROCK artist after the competition and released her first album, CURIOSITY, in 2020. She just came back from her first tour and is expected to be working on her next album soon. She is feeling jaded about the lifestyle of the rich and famous already but she is willing to play along to keep the money coming in.

#thereal:intro #homelessness tw #neglect tw

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