#Amplify online presence

[localseoservicesnycity]

Digital Marketing Services: Amplify Your Online Presence

Ignite your brand's success in the digital landscape with our comprehensive digital marketing services. Our expert team leverages cutting-edge strategies to boost your online visibility, engage your target audience, and drive results. From search engine optimization (SEO) to social media marketing, content creation, and pay-per-click (PPC) advertising, we tailor solutions to meet your unique goals. Whether you're a small business, e-commerce site, or a large enterprise, our services are designed to maximize your ROI and elevate your online presence. Partner with us to navigate the ever-evolving digital realm and stand out in the digital marketplace. Your success starts here.

[skytrust035]

Amplify Your Online Presence: Choosing the Best Digital Marketing Agency in Utah

Amplify Your Online Presence: Choosing the Best Digital Marketing Agency in Utah

In the dynamic digital landscape of Utah, businesses are constantly seeking effective strategies to expand their online reach and outshine the competition. The advent of technology has made digital marketing an essential component of success. In this blog, we will explore the best digital marketing agency and SEO agency in Utah, highlighting their expertise, services, and why they are the optimal choice for businesses looking to thrive in the digital realm.

Digital Marketing Agency Utah

Utah's vibrant business ecosystem thrives on innovation and entrepreneurship. In such a competitive market, businesses must leverage the potential of digital marketing to effectively engage their target audience, boost brand visibility, and drive sustainable growth. A digital marketing agency can be the catalyst for achieving these goals and establishing a strong online presence.

Best Digital Marketing Agency Utah

When it comes to digital marketing expertise, one agency stands out above the rest in Utah - Skytrust. Renowned for their exceptional services, industry knowledge, and impressive track record, Skytrust has earned the reputation as the best digital marketing agency in the state.

SEO Agency Utah

Expertise and Experience: With years of experience and a team of industry experts, Skytrust has a deep understanding of the Utah market and its unique challenges. They leverage their expertise to develop tailored strategies that align with businesses' goals and drive meaningful results.

Proven Track Record: Skytrust has a strong portfolio of successful campaigns and satisfied clients, showcasing their ability to deliver exceptional results. They have consistently achieved high rankings, increased website traffic, and improved conversion rates for businesses across various industries.

Data-Driven Approach: Skytrust believes in making informed decisions based on data and analytics. They continuously monitor and analyze campaign performance, adjust strategies accordingly, and provide transparent reporting to help businesses track their digital marketing success.

Customized Solutions: Skytrust understands that each business is unique, with specific goals and target audiences. They develop customized digital marketing strategies that address individual needs, ensuring maximum impact and return on investment.

Conclusion: In the dynamic landscape of Utah's business environment, partnering with the best digital marketing agency, SkyTrust IT Solutions can empower businesses to elevate their online presence and achieve remarkable growth. With a comprehensive suite of services, a proven track record, and a data-driven approach, Skytrust is the optimal choice for businesses in Utah. By harnessing the power of digital marketing, businesses can expand their reach, engage their target audience, and unlock their full potential in the digital realm.

[skytrust8]

Amplify Your Online Presence: Harness the Power of Google Ads Management Services

Amplify Your Online Presence: Harness the Power of Google Ads Management Services

In the fast-paced world of digital marketing, where businesses are constantly striving to reach their target audience, leveraging Google advertising has become an indispensable tool. To maximize the potential of Google Ads, partnering with the best Google Ads management company is crucial. In this blog, we will explore the benefits of Google Ads Management Services and guide you on finding the perfect agency to elevate your online presence. Let's dive in!

Unleashing the Power of Google Advertising Google Ads is a powerful online advertising platform that enables businesses to display their products and services on Google's search engine results pages and partner websites. With Google's extensive reach and advanced targeting options, businesses can effectively connect with their target audience, drive relevant traffic, and generate valuable leads.

Why Choose Google Ads Management Services? While Google Ads offers tremendous opportunities, managing campaigns effectively requires expertise and continuous optimization. This is where Google Ads Management Services come into play. Here are a few reasons why partnering with a reputable agency is essential:

Expertise and Experience: Skytrust has a team of skilled professionals who understand the intricacies of the platform. They possess in-depth knowledge of campaign setup, keyword research, ad creation, bid management, and optimization techniques. With their experience and expertise, they can drive maximum results and ROI for your advertising campaigns.

Customized Strategies: A successful Google Ads campaign requires a tailored approach. A reliable management company takes the time to understand your business, target audience, and objectives. They craft customized strategies that align with your goals, ensuring that your ads are shown to the right audience at the right time, ultimately driving conversions and maximizing your advertising budget.

Continuous Optimization: Google Ads is a dynamic platform that requires ongoing optimization to stay ahead of the competition. A dedicated management company continuously monitors and fine-tunes your campaigns, optimizing keywords, ad copy, bids, and targeting settings. This proactive approach ensures that your ads are performing at their best, delivering optimal results and maintaining a competitive edge.

ROI Tracking and Reporting: Transparency is crucial when it comes to evaluating the success of your advertising efforts. A reputable Google Ads management company provides detailed reports, highlighting key performance metrics, such as impressions, clicks, conversions, and cost per acquisition (CPA). These reports enable you to measure the ROI of your campaigns and make informed decisions for future optimizations.

Finding the Best Google Ads Management Company When searching for the best Google Ads management company, consider the following factors:

Proven Track Record: Look for agencies that have a track record of success. Check for case studies, client testimonials, and reviews that demonstrate their ability to generate results and drive business growth through Google Ads.

Comprehensive Services: Choose a company that offers a comprehensive range of Google Ads services, including campaign setup, keyword research, ad creation, bid management, A/B testing, landing page optimization, and ongoing campaign monitoring.

Transparent Communication: Effective communication is vital for a successful partnership. Ensure the agency provides regular updates, prompt responses to queries, and transparent communication throughout the campaign management process.

Conclusion Harnessing the power of Google Ads can propel your business to new heights of online success. By partnering with SkyTrust IT Solutions, you can leverage their expertise, experience, and continuous optimization to amplify your online presence, drive relevant traffic, and achieve your business goals.

[skytrust10]

Amplify Your Online Presence: Harness the Power of Social Media

Amplify Your Online Presence: Harness the Power of Social Media

Welcome to our blog, where we dive into the world of social media marketing and the exceptional services offered by our leading social media agency. In today's digital age, having a strong presence on social media platforms is paramount for businesses looking to thrive and succeed. Our agency specializes in providing top-notch social media marketing services, enabling our clients to maximize their online visibility, engage with their target audience, and achieve remarkable growth. Join us as we explore the fascinating realm of social media and how our agency can help you achieve your marketing goals.

The Rise of Social Media: A Game-Changer for Businesses In this section, we'll discuss the transformative power of social media and its profound impact on the marketing landscape. We'll explore how platforms like Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, LinkedIn, and YouTube have revolutionized the way businesses connect with their audience and build brand loyalty.

Understanding the Role of a Social Media Agency Here, we'll delve into the crucial role a social media agency plays in helping businesses harness the full potential of social media marketing. We'll highlight the expertise and services our agency brings to the table, including strategic planning, content creation, community management, advertising campaigns, influencer partnerships, and data analytics.

Unlocking Growth: The Benefits of Social Media Marketing Services This section will explore the numerous benefits businesses can gain by leveraging professional social media marketing services. From increased brand visibility, improved customer engagement, and lead generation to higher website traffic, enhanced brand reputation, and valuable insights, we'll showcase how our agency's services can drive tangible results.

Crafting an Effective Social Media Strategy A successful social media marketing campaign starts with a well-defined strategy. In this part, we'll share essential tips and best practices for developing a robust social media strategy. We'll cover aspects such as identifying target audiences, selecting the right platforms, creating compelling content, optimizing posting schedules, and monitoring performance metrics.

Mastering SMM Marketing This section will serve as a treasure trove of insider tips and tricks to help businesses excel in social media marketing. We'll provide practical advice on leveraging various social media platforms, optimizing ad campaigns, harnessing the power of hashtags, fostering community engagement, working with influencers, and adapting to evolving trends.

The Power of Analytics: Measuring and Enhancing Social Media Performance No social media campaign is complete without thorough analysis and measurement. In this part, we'll emphasize the importance of data analytics in evaluating the success of social media marketing efforts. We'll explore different metrics, tools, and techniques for tracking performance, identifying trends, and making data-driven decisions to optimize future campaigns.

Conclusion: As our blog comes to an end, we hope you've gained valuable insights into the world of social media marketing and the exceptional services offered by our agency. Whether you're a small business looking to establish a strong online presence or a larger corporation aiming to engage with your target audience effectively, Skytrust is here to support you every step of the way. Embrace the power of social media and unlock unprecedented growth for your business with our expert guidance and services. Contact SkyTrust IT Solutions today and let's embark on an exciting journey together!

[skytrust9]

Amplify Your Online Presence with the Best Social Media Marketing Agency in NSP

Amplify Your Online Presence with the Best Social Media Marketing Agency in NSP

Welcome to our blog! In today's digital world, having a strong online presence is crucial for businesses to thrive. Social media has become an integral part of marketing strategies, enabling brands to connect with their target audience on a personal level. To achieve success in this dynamic landscape, businesses often turn to social media marketing agencies for their expertise and guidance. In this blog post, we will explore the importance of social media marketing and introduce you to the top social media marketing agency in NSP (New Social Platform).

The Power of Social Media Marketing Agency Social media platforms have revolutionized the way businesses interact with their customers. With billions of active users, platforms like Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, and LinkedIn provide immense opportunities to reach and engage your target audience. Social media marketing allows you to build brand awareness, increase website traffic, generate leads, and drive conversions. It offers a cost-effective way to reach a wider audience and build lasting relationships with customers.

Why Choose an SMM Marketing? While social media marketing may seem simple on the surface, it requires careful planning, consistent execution, and in-depth knowledge of each platform's algorithms and best practices. A social media marketing agency specializes in leveraging these platforms to help businesses achieve their marketing goals. They have a team of experts who stay updated with the latest trends and strategies, ensuring your brand stands out in the crowded social media landscape. By partnering with a reputable agency, you can save time, streamline your efforts, and achieve better results.

Introducing the Best Social Media Marketing Agency in NSP: When it comes to social media marketing in NSP, there's one agency that stands out from the rest - Skytrust. With years of experience and a proven track record, Skytrust has helped numerous businesses skyrocket their online presence and drive tangible results. Their team of social media experts understands the nuances of different platforms and works closely with clients to create tailored strategies that align with their brand and objectives. From content creation and curation to community management and paid advertising, Skytrust has all the resources and expertise you need to take your social media marketing to new heights.

How SkyTrust IT Solutions Can Help Your Business: a. Comprehensive Strategy Development: Skytrust will analyze your business, target audience, and competitors to develop a custom social media strategy that aligns with your goals. b. Engaging Content Creation: Their talented team will create compelling and shareable content that resonates with your audience, boosting engagement and brand loyalty. c. Community Management: Skytrust will proactively engage with your followers, respond to comments and messages, and build a strong community around your brand. d. Data-Driven Insights: With advanced analytics tools, Skytrust will monitor the performance of your social media campaigns, providing valuable insights to optimize your strategy and maximize results. e. Paid Advertising: Skytrust can develop and manage targeted paid advertising campaigns across various social media platforms, ensuring your brand reaches the right audience at the right time.

Conclusion: In today's digital age, a robust social media presence is essential for businesses to succeed. By partnering with the best social media marketing agency in NSP, like Skytrust, you can harness the power of social media to grow your brand, engage your audience, and drive meaningful results. Don't miss out on the incredible opportunities that social media offers. Contact Skytrust today and embark on an exciting journey to amplify your online presence.

[shamelest]

BUYFOLLOWERNOW - MEGA+ (2)

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[kummatty]

ArteEast has an online program--Archives of Power--screening several Palestinian films for free from March 7-17 !

Archives, often perceived as impartial guardians of history, are actually deeply entwined with political agendas. In the context of the Palestinian struggle, archives have been systematically pillaged and obliterated by the Israeli state and military, resulting in the loss of invaluable records of Palestinian history and resistance. Among the missing archives are decades of footage by the Palestine Liberation Organization’s (PLO) Palestine Film Unit (PFU). This collective of militant filmmakers emerged in the late 1960s, utilizing the camera as a tool of resistance to document the Palestinian experience and the struggle for liberation. The film program features documentaries about the Palestinian film archive and filmic legacy – Azza El-Hassan’s Kings and Extras: Digging for a Palestinian Image (2004), Mohanad Yaqubi’s Off Frame (aka Revolution Until Victory) (2016)– as well as a selection of earlier films created during the revolutionary Palestinian film era, which have recently been restored as part of El-Hassan’s invaluable initiative, The Void Project, which was founded in 2018 to explore the presence and absence of the Palestinian visual archives as a discourse in narrative formation, and to restore and distribute some of the surviving films of the era. Archives of Power ultimately strives to amplify the voices and stories that have been marginalized and suppressed, reclaiming agency and autonomy in defiance of ongoing attempts to erase Palestinian history and visual narrative. This program serves as an indispensable platform for comprehending and challenging the mechanisms of oppression and resistance within the domain of archival representation.

[lean-mean-demon-genevieve]

It is just about 24 hours after the announcement that Walker has been cancelled and I can’t help but be reminded of the absolute onslaught of Gen PR that rained down on all of us as the show premiered. When Walker was initially promoted as this joint venture between Jared and Gen and The Dead Wife was misconstrued as a series regular. Gen was featured in so many aspects of the press tour and she appeared to love it.

And yet, now? Silence.

Kind of interesting how she’s a supportive wife when it suits her interest of being in the public eye and receiving praise. But when it is now time to acknowledge that the show has been cancelled, Jared is sent out to bear that weight alone. When it could now be perceived as a loss, she takes a giant step back from attaching her name to the project.

It makes sense that the posts come from him, but with as often as she wants to bask in his glow, shouldn’t she also share the burden of grief as a supportive partner? Even by something as minimal as allowing Charlie to share Jared’s post to her IG, for example? This seems like it would be a no-brainer to someone as terminally online as Gen and who recently sat on a panel about amplifying your social media presence.

Another very telling moment for Gen the Hyper-Competitive Ice Queen. Yet another shining example of “couple goals.”

[wylanslcve]

So if you've been following me on Instagram you would have seen me say recently that I've decided to take a step back from posting/sharing/creating Grishaverse content due to what Leigh Bardugo said (or rather what she didn't say) about the situation in Palestine. For context, during the press tour for The Familiar, an audience member asked Leigh about the justification for non-BIPOC authors profiting off BIPOC stories yet not advocating for real-life BIPOC people (since Leigh has been silent on Palestine since October, despite having expressed solidarity with Palestine in the past).

The video (which you can watch here) has been circulating the internet for a while, and I've already spoken about this on Instagram. I just forgot I had Tumblr for a second there, hence why I'm only addressing this now despite having already spoken about this. However, as someone who has an entire online presence dedicated to Leigh's work, it would be wrong and rather hypocritical of me to not address this.

Disclaimer: This is not a conversation about whether or not white/white-passing authors should be allowed to write BIPOC stories, as many people both in the comments of the original video and online generally have taken it. The issue isn't that Leigh is writing BIPOC stories - it's that she's writing them and choosing not to advocate for real BIPOC people.

The audience member asked a confronting but necessary question, and isn't harassing Leigh as many people online have interpreted it. Holding your favourite people accountable isn't "harassment", especially when that person is a successful author profiting off stories that reflect issues in the real world. Art is inherently political whether or not you want to acknowledge it. This also isn't about specifically asking Leigh this question because she's Jewish - it's because she profits off these stories and yet when these exact same issues are prevalent in the real world, suddenly they're "too political" for her to speak up about despite having expressed solidarity in the past. It has nothing to do with her being Jewish.

However, what's going on in Palestine isn't a political issue. It's basic human rights. It's about humanity, and acting as if posting about this issue is "performative" is ridiculous. I don't know what she's doing behind the scenes, so I'm not going to act as if she isn't doing anything outside of social media because I simply don't know, but when you have an online presence as big as Leigh's you should be using that platform to raise awareness and express solidarity. I understand that it's very easy to come across as "performing activism", especially on social media, but Palestinians have asked us time and time again to use our platforms to help raise awareness and amplify their voices. When you're someone like Leigh who profits off stories of the trials and tribulations of BIPOC people, the very least you can do is talk about the atrocities being committed against BIPOC people in real life.

No one is expecting you to be an expert on what's going on. If you've previously posted misinformation, why not learn from it and actually educate yourself and do better? You're literally an author who profits off stories of colonialism, oppression, dissemination, apartheid, segregation and genocide and suddenly that happening in real life is "too political"? And the amount of privilege you have to not want to get involved in talking about a real-life genocide because you "stopped being political on Instagram" is laughable. Just feeling sad about it isn't going to do anything. It doesn't erase the fact that an entire people are being ethnically cleansed in a genocide you refuse to talk about.

The Grishaverse means so much to me, it's gotten me through some extremely tough periods of my life, but I cannot in good conscience continue to support an author who chooses silence over her own humanity. All she had to say in response to that question was "free Palestine", but she instead said something akin to "I know about what's going on and I know silence and feeling sad about it probably isn't enough, but I'm just not going to do anything about it". Again, I know she's advocated for Palestine in the past, but why not continue doing so? No one is stopping her - she's actively chosen to stop.

As for my accounts? I'm still deciding what to do with them. I won't be deleting them, I'm not going anywhere, but I won't be posting edits or sharing analyses or general posts about the Grishaverse until Leigh decides to do better. This blog will probably turn into a multifandom blog, but who knows at this point. All I know is that I won't be promoting Leigh's work.

[morallyinept]

Listen. Do you hear that, D?

That's the sound of silence. *Crickets chirping*

For some, silence can be a comfort, a relief even. A reprieve from the loud hustle and bustle of life.

But what about when silence only serves as a harsh reminder to amplify your loneliness?

Then what do you do?

Well, that's one way to tackle it, bud. But I don't think every one has a fire gun to hand. 🙄

Today we'll look at some other ways you can combat the feelings of loneliness.

It's Friday. You know what that means, don't you? It's time for more Self Care With Dieter & Jett.

Oh, for fuc- *inaudible bleeping* 🤬

Having lots of friends, family and contacts in your life doesn’t mean that you won’t feel lonely at some point.

In a world of social media and an advancing online presence living out of the palm of your hand, physical loneliness has been on the rise.

Sometimes, loneliness is out of our control; we don't necessarily invite it into our lives, but it can be situational, like starting university or a new job, for instance. We're thrust into a change that we don't have control of whilst adjusting, and this can also cause some loneliness to creep in.

Ever heard that expression about standing in a crowded room and yet feeling lonely? You're just in a situation where you expected to feel connected, but you didn't. Feeling alone, even when people are around, can be a common symptom of depression, social anxiety or acute shyness.

So, what can we do to feel less lonely?

Dieter, do you have any ideas?

Yeah, the lights are on but no-ones ever home, eh bud?

Perhaps I'll ask Javi to come and help me with future self-care posts...

Yeah, maybe not... Dieter, please try to be more enthused.

That's the spirit.

Self-care to ease loneliness

For many of us, feeling lonely can be linked to low self-esteem or self-confidence. And sometimes, improving our relationships with ourselves, as well as others, can help us to feel less lonely.

You could start by thinking about what self-care means to you. Remember that self-care looks different for everyone. 

Some people who live alone find it comforting to have some background noise. This could be the television, music or a podcast you enjoy. 

It may help to start doing activities you enjoy by yourself. For example, going for a walk in your local area, doing some arts and crafts.

It could also involve moving your body, watching a film you love, decluttering your home or going to a free museum in your area. 

It’s okay to try different things to see what makes you feel good. Try and be patient with yourself as you discover new ways to give yourself some self-care.

Talk to people you know

You might feel like you know plenty of people, but don’t have a deep connection with them. Or that the people around you don't give you the care and attention that you need.

If this is how you feel, it might help to open up to someone you trust. This could be a friend or family member, a colleague or someone else in your life. You don’t need to speak face-to-face. You could send them a text message, or send a message to someone on social media.

Many of us have experienced loneliness, but it can be a scary thought to tell other people about it. It might be helpful to think about what you want to say in advance. You may find that they’ve experienced similar feelings before.

Make new connections

If you've felt lonely for a long time, it might feel overwhelming to start opening up to people. Trying to meet new people may also worry you. But you don't need to rush into anything.

To start small, try and make conversations with people you come across in your day-to-day life. For example, this could be saying hello to the barista at the coffee shop. Or making conversation with a neighbour.

Some people find it useful to be in environments where there are lots of people around. For example, coffee shops, libraries or shopping centres. Feeling the presence of other people may help with some feelings of loneliness.

Try thinking about how your interests could help you connect with other people. For example, if you like reading, you could join an online forum for conversations about books. You could also spend some time in a local library before joining a book club. Focus on environments where you feel safe and try not to put too much pressure on yourself.

Don't compare yourself

Many of us have changed the way we communicate over the last few years. We’re connecting with others online and through social media more.

Being able to interact with more people online has been a positive experience for many of us. But others may find this challenging. We often only see what other people want to share about their lives on social media.

Seeing photos of others at events, or socialising with friends and family, might make us feel like we’re the only one who’s feeling lonely. Being able to access so many people’s lives can sometimes feel overwhelming.

It’s sometimes hard to stop comparing ourselves to others. But remember that things aren’t always what they seem from the outside. We don’t know how other people feel when they’re alone. Or what’s going on for them outside of their social media feed.

Look after your brain

Feeling lonely can affect your wellbeing. Making small changes in your day-to-day life may help you feel more able to connect with others.

Physical activity can be really helpful for your mental wellbeing. Some people also find it helps to improve their self-esteem. If you want to meet people while exercising, you could join a local exercise class at the gym.

Spend time in nature if you can. This can improve your sense of wellbeing and reduce feelings of loneliness. For example, you could join a local running or hiking group.

Some people find that spending time around animals can help with feelings of loneliness. You could try visiting a local shelter to volunteer, or join an app where you can walk dogs locally...

You might feel lonelier during certain times of year. For example, at Christmas or on certain anniversaries. It might be helpful to think in advance about what activities you could do to make you feel good at these times.

Showing yourself some kindness and self-care are key in how you can ease loneliness and start to integrate yourself into new routines, opening up a wider social network, that will only have positives on your long term mental health.

So D, we've talked about ways we can combat our loneliness today, are you feeling inspired for what you can do when loneliness creeps in?

Chronic masturbation doesn't count, D...

Dieter and I hope that whenever you're feeling lonely, you remember to be kind to yourself, and to challenge yourself gently with some new ways of putting yourself out there.

Until next week guys, stay kind & stay creamy! 🖤

YOU. ARE. STRONGER. THAN. YOU. THINK. 🖤

Do you. Then do Dieter.

More Dieter & Jett here

ℹ️ Dieter and I always strive to bring you unbiased, fact-checked advice. We're not licensed therapists, so we do a lot of research to ensure we can provide helpful and informative posts. Well, I do. Dieter mostly sits around eating KitKats.

[paperback-boy]

just got home from my 6 hour shift at work, which i went to directly after school, which i went to as soon as i woke up. now it’s time to eat a dead sloppy joe and write about Roth IRAs until sunrise. i am out of my prescription medication because my school counts absences from medical appointments against you and i will fail 12th grade if i go to the doctor anytime soon. these things exhaust me every day, but i remind myself i should be grateful to have these things to be exhausted by. it is a privilege to have a job and a body that is able to stand for long periods, a privilege to have food readily available to me, a privilege to have an education, to have wifi access to do my homework, to have a roof to do it under, to have a doctors office to go to, and access to my prescription. and it is a privilege to be able to forget, and to take these things for granted. There are people in palestine who have not had homes for months, who do not have food, whose schools have been bludgeoned by israel’s bombs, and whose entire families have been lost under the debris. israel is not allowing donations of food, medicine, clothing, or otherwise into gaza. they have bombed and destroyed many of palestine’s oldest buildings and cultural landmarks, and they do not stop. nothing goes in or comes out of palestine, and i am a resident of the US, a country who is supporting israel’s horrific genocide on the palestinian people. i repost everything i can, and donate what i can afford, and i pray it reaches palestine. i pray it isn’t futile, and i learn their history, and i think of the palestinian journalists who risk their lives every day to keep their history alive. i will write everything i learn in my journal so that, in the event that the journalists’ online presence is erased, i will have a written record of what they told the world. i cannot keep them alive, but i can keep their history alive. AND EVERYONE SHOULD BE KEEPING THEIR HISTORY ALIVE. amplify palestinian journalists and voices, their stories, and learn their history. learn their culture, their language, their poetry, their food, and everything else you can find. AND AS SOMEONE WHO IS GUILTY, ABSOLUTELY NO ONE should EVER FORGET.

BY FORGETTING THEIR STRUGGLES, OR NEGLECTING TO LEARN THEIR CULTURE, WE ARE KILLING THEM TOO. JUST BECAUSE YOU DON’T WANT TO SEE THE BLOOD DOESN’T MEAN THEY AREN’T BLEEDING. TO KEEP ALIVE THE MEMORY OF THOSE WHO HAVE BEEN KILLED IS THE VERY LEAST WE CAN DO.

From the river to the sea, palestine will be free.

🇵🇸🇵🇸🇵🇸🇵🇸🇵🇸

[joezworld]

Traintober day 25

Hey guys,

I know I said I wasn't going to really participate in this year's traintober, but I ended up writing something over the last few weeks and figured I'd post it here. I'm a freelance contributor to Trains.com, the web arm of Trains Magazine, (you can read my IRL work here) and I wrote this for that. However, they have a maximum of about 4,000 words for print and 600-1,000 words for web, and this is past 7,000. So even if it makes it into print, it's not going to in its original form. So I'm giving it to you guys. Everything you're about to read is real. There's even an NTSB report on it.

Negligence and Gravity: The Story of a Train Wreck

Prologue

November 17, 1980

Cima, California - a barely inhabited place on a barely used road. A one horse town where the horse had run off. It sits at the intersection of two empty roads, with nothing to show for it but a general store-slash-post office. A true speck on the map, it likely would have been abandoned long ago had it not been for the presence of the Union Pacific Railroad, which sent dozens of trains each day past the ramshackle post office. Many trains rolled right on by, but more and more stopped, checking their brakes, cooling their wheels, or manually setting air brake retainers on each car of their trains.

They did so with good reason; stretching out beyond the post office towards the west, and paralleling the only main road, was a railroad line some twenty miles long. Part of the UP California subdivision that stretches from Las Vegas to Yermo, and then on to Los Angeles, it descends two thousand and six feet between Cima and Kelso, another barely-there town in the California desert. It was and still is one of the steepest portions of the Union Pacific system - accounting for curves and uneven geography, the UP considered the line to be a sustained 2.20% gradient. Any train that exceeded certain weight, braking force, or locomotive limitations was required to stop at Cima, and manually set brake retainers, before continuing down the hill.

As the clock ticked towards 1:50 in the afternoon, three trains entered this tale much like characters in a Shakespearean tragedy.

On the southern passing track is a long grain train, Extra 3135 West. 73 hoppers trail behind a lashup of SD40s, with dash-2 model 3135 on point. The air above the locomotives shimmers and ripples as heat from the motors, exhaust vents, and dynamic brake blisters radiates off into the mild November air.

In the center, a van train rolls past. The train, officially known as both 2-VAN-16 and Extra 8044 West, slows but doesn’t stop as it reaches the summit. Union Pacific has deemed this train capable of descending the grade with no extra precaution, and with good reason. Five locomotives are leashed to the front of this 49 car merchandise train, four SD40-2s trailing behind UP 6946 - the youngest member of the road’s 47-strong class of beastly 6,600 horsepower DDA40Xs. It’s an 8-axle titan in its last months of regular operation, with almost two million miles under its belt. The hot air from Extra 3135 mixes and whirls with the exhaust from the van train as it rolls by, the slab sides of the hoppers amplifying the bangs and squeals from 49 autoracks and piggyback flats. The noise increases as the train nears the end of the yard, the dynamic brakes already coming online as the train crests the summit. The engineer gives a blast from the horn as he passes the head end of the stopped trains, and then the van train is on its way down the hill. The caboose clears the track circuit at the far end of the passing sidings, and recedes into the distance. Within a few minutes the train is a distant shimmer as it snakes its way down the hill, an 8 million dollar steel serpent, bound for the hustle and bustle of Los Angeles.

Finally, there is the train on the northern passing siding. Extra 3119 West is not like the other two - there aren’t four or five locomotives hitched to a gargantuan train, one that stretches into the distance for a thousand feet or more. Instead, there’s a short consist of twenty cars, sandwiched between a single locomotive and a caboose. The cars are piled high with crossties, almost 11,000 of them, urgently needed by a tie gang at Yermo. So urgently, in fact, that if it hadn’t needed to stop and pin down its brakes, this lowly work train would’ve been rolling down the hill ahead of the high-priority van train.

Extra 3119 West, headed by the SD40 of the same number, has been in Cima for just under half an hour. In that time the crew had applied all the brake retainers, checked for defects, and otherwise readied their train for the descent into Kelso. Stopping meant that they’d be following the van train the whole way down, and so once the van train had gotten sufficiently small in the distance, the radio crackles. It’s dispatch, asking quite insistently if they were ready to go. They were, the engineer replies, and without any more to-do, the switch clunks into place, and the signal goes green. A double blast on the horn heralds the train’s departure, followed by the quiet squeal of brake shoes on steel wheels. There is no increased engine noise from the dynamic brakes. The train slips onto the main line, speed increasing slowly. By the time the caboose enters the main line, things are already going disastrously wrong.

Shortly thereafter, Extra 3135 powers up its train and descends the hill in a much more controlled fashion. Silence falls over Cima.

-

Negligence

November 13, 1980

The tale of negligence started three days earlier, at the Union Pacific tie plant in The Dalles, Oregon. Nestled in the valley of the Columbia River, The Dalles is nowadays best known for being the site of the worst bioterrorism attack in the United States, when members of the Rajneeshee religious organization poisoned several local restaurants with Salmonella in an attempt to influence local election turnout. However, that event is still four years into the future at this point, and the big news items in town are the May renumbering of Interstate 80N to I-84, and the March eruption of Mount St. Helens, some 65 miles away.

The Union Pacific tie plant, located between the west side of town and the newly-renumbered I-84, received an urgent order: 20 cars of 9-foot ties, urgently needed in Yermo, California. A mechanized tie gang working in the high desert is running low. Any delay will mean millions of dollars in wasted man-hours. The ties, estimated to number between 10 and 11 thousand, were hurriedly loaded into a series of F-70-1 bulkhead flatcars, modified for crosstie carriage with the addition of steel stakes down each side to prevent shifting. In addition to the 20 cars for Yermo, another group of 5 F-70-1s were being loaded with lighter 8-foot yard ties for renewal elsewhere on the California Subdivision. Inside the plant office, waybills for the 25 cars are being filled out, by hand. One of the most routine and mundane portions of loading railcars, the staff at the tie plant had made strides to simplify their workload; each waybill had been pre-filled with a seemingly appropriate weight figure: “about 60,000 pounds,” done in neat typewritten letters. This saved time, as it meant that tie cars didn’t have to be weighed, and exact quantities of loaded ties did not have to be known. Simple addition of this number to the known light weight of an F-70-1 flatcar (80,000 pounds), gave an estimated weight of 140,000 pounds per car. To the staff of the tie plant, complacent and ignorant, this seemed reasonable. They couldn’t know, because they didn’t want to, that the average per car weight of the 20 cars for Yermo was over 200,000 pounds.

-

November 17, 1980

“Urgent” might have been an understatement, when describing the journey these cars took. It took three days for the 25 flatbeds and their thousands of crossties to travel 1,260 miles across the Union Pacific system. They rolled into Las Vegas just before 1 AM on a manifest train; somehow, despite leaving The Dalles as a single block, a car containing beer had been inserted into the middle, with fifteen cars on one side and ten on the other. The how and why did not matter to the Las Vegas yard crews, who had been informed of the expedited nature of this train. Within minutes, the 26 cars had been taken off the manifest and were being shoved against a caboose that was already waiting. A third shift yard crew made quick work of the beer car and the five cars containing yard ties, but “disaster” struck when it was discovered that the caboose’s electrical system was non-functional. Somehow, despite having a major rail yard at their disposal, no other caboose could be found, and the issue could not be remedied. UP regulations forbade trains from running without rear lights between sundown and sun-up, so the highly expedited train was suddenly forced to cool its heels in the yard until lighting conditions improved.

With the delay, the new crew was scheduled to go on-duty at 8:05 AM, but just twenty minutes before, at 7:45, the Terminal Superintendent was informed that actually, the third shift crew had accidentally cut out the wrong cars - five cars of the 9-foot ties, not the five cars of 8-foot ties - and Extra 3119 West was about to set off with the wrong load. He responded with the unbelievable phrase of “Ties are ties”, and refused to have the incorrect cars set out, before reversing his decision some minutes later. While no other quotes are attributed to him in the subsequent NTSB report, his insistence on having the nearest yard crew drop what they were doing and fix the issue while he personally inspected the re-switching of the train speaks volumes on his mood at the time.

Not that he was of any help. During this frenzied switching, one car of 8-foot ties remained in the train. Its number - UP 913035 - was confused with another flatcar in the train - UP 913015. While minor in the overall sense, this slip-up shows exactly how quickly Las Vegas yard was working to get Extra 3119 West to its destination. When the train was finally ready, there were 19 cars of 9-foot ties behind locomotive 3119, and one car of 8-foot ties. As a car inspector was found, the final lading documents and waybills were presented to the engineer and conductor. Based on the flawed math of the tie plant, the train should have weighed 1,421.25 tons, however the final waybill read 1,495 tons exactly. Aside from being incorrect even against the tie plant’s figures, this weight was exactly five tons less than an internal UP tonnage/horsepower ratio that would determine whether or not the train would have to stop at Cima to apply brake retainers - with a 3,000 HP SD40, the train could not exceed 1,500 tons without incurring serious delays.

Based on the actual weight of a standard crosstie, and estimating how many were on the train, it’s likely that the train exceeded 2,000 tons.

It was customary for two car inspectors to check each departing train for defects and perform a brake test, however on the morning of the 17th, only one was available. Allegedly, he did his job and applied all due diligence, however it must be noted that no one who saw him conduct the test or the inspection lived to tell about it. Considering the haste in which the train was switched, the almost 8 hour delay due to the electrical problems in the caboose, and the close attention from the Las Vegas terminal superintendent, it’s possible that he rushed the job.

Actually, it’s certain that he rushed the job. Investigation of the wreckage would show that over half of the F-70-1 flatcars on Extra 3119 West had brakes that either only partially functioned, or did not function at all. At least three had their brakes cut out altogether. A proper inspection would have revealed that these cars were in a deplorable state of repair, with braking systems that could only be relied on for moral support, and in some cases not even that. But that would have taken time, time that the Union Pacific did not have, or rather, time that the UP did not want to spend.

Since 1979, the railroad had been pushing yards to decrease dwell times on through trains - Las Vegas yard had been given explicit instructions in writing that many high priority trains were to be given a minimal inspection, and were to be on their way again in 15 minutes. Later in the day when 2-VAN-16 arrived in Las Vegas, the head end crew noted that the train had been subject to an abbreviated inspection and air test, essentially rubber-stamping their train, and every other train that came through the yard.

So the inspector cleared Extra 3119 West, because he did know - he knew how much work would need to be done, how long it would take, how long it was supposed to take, and how much trouble he’d likely be in if he brought up the train’s condition.

-

Finally, at 10:00 AM, over 8 hours since it was supposed to depart, Extra 3119 left Las Vegas. Being technically a maintenance of way train, its crew was pulled from the extra board. While these men weren’t inept, one would be hard-pressed to find a less experienced crew on any road train that day:

David Totten, the engineer, had been with the railroad since 1974, but he had only been qualified as an engineer since January of 1979. Noted as a stickler for rules, and a capable railroader, he completed the relevant tests with a 96% score. However his road experience was limited - he’d only descended the grade from Cima 27 times in the last four and a half months.

Alan Branson, the conductor, had been with the company since 1973, but as a switchman in Los Angeles. He’d only been at his current position since April, at which time he was transferred to the Las Vegas extra board.

Cecil Faucett, the rear brakeman, had been with Union Pacific since June of 1978. He’d spent most of his time as a switchman in Los Angeles, and had only transferred to Las Vegas road service in February.

Wallace Dastrup, the head brakeman, had been with Union Pacific since May of 1979. After being briefly furloughed and transferred to Los Angeles, he was sent back to Las Vegas in late October of that year.

The oldest man on this crew was Engineer Totten, who was 31. Head brakeman Dastrup was the youngest, at just 22 years old.

-

Leaving Las Vegas, the trip proceeded normally, with the 3119 providing enough power to bring the train up the 1.00% grade that led from Las Vegas to Erie, Nevada at a steady 20-25 miles per hour. Behind them, separated by time and distance, were Extras 3135 and 8044 West. 3135, with a top speed of 50, left at 10:20, while 8044 (2-VAN-16), left at 12:05. It had a top speed of 70, and would easily catch up to the slower grain train at Cima. If Extra 3119 West had been any other train, it would likely have been profiled to wait in Cima as well, but on this day, the Van train would be following Alan Branson’s caboose all the way to Yermo.

Meanwhile, onboard the 3119, engineer Totten was discovering that his day was not going to go as planned. As the train descended the 1.00% grade outside of Erie, he discovered that the locomotive’s dynamic brakes were not functioning. This meant that the train would have to rely solely on its air brakes for the entire journey to Yermo - a daunting task considering the grade at Cima.

Union Pacific regulations explicitly ordered trains without dynamic brakes to stop at Cima and apply retainers, to maintain a speed of no more than 15 miles per hour, and to stop at the passing siding at Dawes - another speck on the map halfway down the hill - to cool not just the brakes, but the train wheels themselves.

Totten was known to be a stickler for the rules, and so he informed dispatch as he descended the grade out of Erie. Without comment, the Salt Lake City based dispatcher encoded the traffic control computer to put Extra 3119 West into the siding at Cima. At no point was there any mention of finding another engine for the train, or any other means of fixing the situation en-route.

The dispatcher, who wanted to know as little as possible, didn’t care.

-

The train rattled into Cima at 1:29, and Totten balanced it atop the summit, a location about 1,100 feet from the end of the siding. Boots were on the ground as soon as the train stopped moving, with Faucett and Branson moving up the train from the caboose, manually setting the brake retainers on the F-70-1 flatbeds to the high pressure position one at a time. The air was cool, only 62 degrees, and it was slightly overcast - a far cry from the soaring summertime temperatures this part of the state could reach.

As they worked, Extra 3135 arrived. It didn’t rattle so much as it rumbled - 75 loaded grain hoppers slightly shaking the earth as the two men worked. They probably didn’t envy the crew on that train; setting 75 retainer valves, and the long walk from each end of the train to reach them, was a daunting task.

It didn’t take long to set the retainers - at the halfway point of the train, they met head end brakeman Dastrup, who had been working his way down the train as they worked up it. He reported no defects on the head end of the train, and neither did the rear crew. They didn’t know - couldn’t have known - about the abysmal state of the flatcars; they were looking for dragging objects and hissing air leaks, and found none. Their portion of the job done, Faucett and Branson moved back down the train, leaving Dastrup to work his way back to the locomotive. It would be the last time that he was ever seen alive.

Shortly thereafter, the train began to move, engineer Totten moving the train onto the downgrade at the end of the siding to wait for the clear signal. At this point, they were waiting on the Van train coming up behind them, and then they’d be home free. In the caboose, Faucett glanced at the brake line pressures and observed nothing unusual. In the cab of the 3119, Totten was likely readying himself for the downgrade. Without dynamics, it would be a challenging descent, but the air brakes should be able to hold the train without much difficulty.

He had no idea that half his cars had non-functional brakes.

He had no idea that the train was overloaded.

He had no idea what was about to happen to him.

-

Inside the cab of Extra 3135 West, the engineer watched as 2-VAN-16 slipped by with muted alacrity. Across the main line from him, the short work train got ready to depart as soon as the switch aligned. He’d be next, and he readied himself as the other train rolled onto the main line. It built speed quickly, and soon entered the main as his watch clicked over to 1:59 PM. A few minutes later, his turn came, and the signal flashed to green. He powered up his lashup of SD40s, and the train slowly began to descend the grade in full dynamic.

-

“I keep setting air and it won’t slow down!”

-

Inside 2-VAN-16, the engineer began paying less and less attention to the tracks in front of him, and more attention to the radio beside him. 3119 West was having some difficulties with its braking - already a concern for any railroader, but considering that this was the train directly behind him, an elevated level of concern was prudent.

-

In the caboose of Extra 3119 West, the brakes applied as the train rolled past 17 MPH, and were not released again.

-

2.9 miles behind Extra 3119 West, in the cab of UP 3135, the engineer of the grain train could see both trains ahead of him: the distant speck of 2-VAN-16, some 7 miles away, and the work train in front of him. “That looks like it’s smoking,” he remarked to his brakeman. The two men looked into the distance; as the work train passed Chase, another former town on the UP line, it appeared to be smoking heavily - far too heavily for the short distance from the summit it had traveled.

-

On the few F-70-1 flatbeds that possessed functioning brakes, the wheelsets began to heat up dramatically. The brake shoes began to abrade from 2,000 tons of train pushing against them.

-

The Van train had cleared the passing track at Dawes, and was about 5 miles ahead of Extra 3119.

-

Inside the caboose of Extra 3119, the speedometer needle swung past 19 MPH. It was rising at a rate of 1.6 MPH every minute.

-

Things began to happen very quickly. The time was 2:14 PM

-

Following behind the smoking train, the head end crew of Extra 3135 West watched as the signal light at the east end of Chase went red-yellow-green like a slot machine. The only way for that to happen was for a train to pass through both the western home signal, and the western intermediate signal, at a rapid clip.

-

“I have 30 pounds of engine brakes!”

-

Inside the caboose, Faucett and Branson looked at the radio in horror as the speed continued to increase. They’d driven faster than this on their way into work, but now 20 MPH felt terrifying. As they flew through Chase, Branson remembered his training, still fresh in his mind, grabbed hold of the caboose air valve, and put the train into emergency. He heard the brakes come on under his feet and assumed, naively, that they’d just applied throughout the entire train. He had no idea that the brakes would only apply across the entire train if Engineer Totten had the train in emergency as well. He had no idea that by putting the train into emergency while a substantial service brake application was being made, he was causing a pressure relief valve inside the 3119 to continuously open, to try and restore pressure in the train. He had no idea that Union Pacific, in a cost-saving measure, had elected not to equip its SD40s with a brake pressure warning light that could have alerted Totten to what had just happened. He had no idea that UP’s driver training called for engineers to continue to make service brake applications in the event of a loss of braking, instead of immediately putting the train into emergency from the locomotive. He had no idea that putting the locomotive into emergency was the only way to override the pressure relief system.

He had no idea that by trying to save the train, he’d sealed its fate.

Union Pacific rules required the conductor to put the train into emergency if a situation like this occurred. They did not require the conductor to call the head end and inform the engineer. In his panic, and going off of instinct, Alan Branson frantically ran to the front of the caboose to try and uncouple it. He would not make a radio call for the rest of the trip down the mountain.

-

With half the train in emergency, and the relief valve drawing air away from the few brakes that worked, Extra 3119 West began falling down the mountain.

-

Gravity

The story of gravity begins in the cab of the van train, still some five miles ahead. As the engineer kept his attention on keeping his train in line, the radio issued forth the latest news on the disaster unfolding behind them. “I’ve made a full service application, and it’s not slowing down. We’re going about 25 and still speeding up!”

In the cab of an eastbound train, waiting for its chance to climb the grade out of Kelso, the dispatcher’s lackadaisical response could be heard easily. “So you’re not going to be able to stop at Dawes?”

“No. I don’t think we can stop at all.”

The dispatcher said nothing in response.

In the cab of the Van train, the engineer realized exactly what was going to happen. He began notching back the train brakes, and slowly throttling down the dynamics to idle. With one hand on the radio and one on the throttle, he slowly began advancing the throttle even as he called for permission to exceed his 25 MPH speed limit.

The permission he was given would be the last time that the dispatcher offered any meaningful help during the runaway. There was no talk of programming the switches at Dawes to allow the Van train shelter, to offer the four men aboard their one chance at safety. Instead, the dispatcher, hundreds of miles away in Salt Lake City, sat back to watch the chaos unfold, seemingly believing there was nothing he could do to help.

-

Two minutes later, at 2:17 PM, the two trains were still separated by five miles. 2-VAN-16 was just clearing the west end of the passing track at Dawes.

Four minutes later, and Extra 3119 was screaming through Dawes at 62.5 MPH.

5 miles ahead, 2-VAN-16 was running for its life, all five locomotives running flat out in full throttle. For now they had the edge, but they were trying to outrun gravity. All they could hope for was that the rolling resistance of the runaway would eventually cause it to stop accelerating.

-

Three minutes later, and false hope reared its ugly head. Accelerating at a “phenomenal” rate, the speedometer inside the 3119 reached 80 miles an hour and pegged itself there. David Totten, who had been broadcasting his train’s terrifying plunge down the hill over the open radio channel, had no idea that the needle was incapable of indicating a number higher than that.

As his train raced towards destiny, Engineer Totten kept relaying the same false information: “80! We’re doing 80!”

Inside the cab of the 6946, this incorrect information alleviated some worry - if 3119 was topping out at 80, it was possible to use the Van train’s nearly 19,000 horsepower to simply outrun the runaway - once they got past Kelso, at this point a short distance away, the grade lessened to 1%, and the force of gravity decreased.

Then there was an alarm blaring in the cab, and the train began to slow down as they roared into Kelso, the engine RPMs dropping suddenly, horrifyingly. They’d tripped the DDA40X’s overspeed sensor as they passed 75 MPH, and the entire train began to shut down on them. Chaos reigned in the cab for a minute, as the engineer frantically canceled the alert, managed to avoid the penalty brake application, and brought the train back up to full power. Their speed dipped all the way down to 68 before they began accelerating again.

It’s not known what was going on inside the caboose of the Van train, but the 3119, smoke and sparks flying from its wheels, must have been visible behind them.

--

Kelso

The station at Kelso was a tired, yet gorgeous, Spanish Colonial Revival structure located on the north side of the tracks. For a generation it had been a bustling hive of UP crews; a locomotive watering hole and a depot for eastbound helpers. The advent of diesel locomotives, and the elimination of manned helpers on Cima hill had resulted in the station becoming a shell of its former self. The only ties to its former past was the lunch counter, which still served hot meals and cool drinks to the town’s few dozen residents, and the skeleton UP crews stationed at this depot, so far into the desert that not even TV signals could reach it.

On the lunch counter, a cup of coffee cooled, its drinker nowhere in sight. Anyone and everyone who had been in the station were now outside, standing under the trees that lined the old platform, obscuring the station from sight. A few more were on the other side, standing near the MoW sidings on the south side. Further west, beyond the Kelbaker road level crossing, the crew of an eastbound freight waited in “the hole”, their eyes transfixed on the spot in the middle distance where the rails gently curved into view from behind the trees.

The radio continued to issue David Totten’s cool, calm, and collected reports of 80 MPH. With the train out of sight, it sounded like things may end with everyone walking away, but those listening closely heard his reports of an ever-shrinking distance between his locomotive and the caboose of the Van train and shivered.

The blare of a horn sounded, echoing across the desert. A second horn, almost as loud as the first, soon followed, a long continuous noise that would continue for some time, like the seventh trumpet of the apocalypse.

The broad nose of the DDA40X came first, the Van train rocking and rolling behind it as it charged forward. All five locomotives were in notch 8, the sextet of EMD 645 prime movers throwing up huge clouds of exhaust as they ran for everything they were worth. The horn sounded for the crossing, and then the train was past them, 49 high sided autoracks and TOFC cars whipping past with an almighty roar that was over almost as soon as it began.

The caboose zipped past the eastbound in a flash of Armor Yellow, and was gone into the distance. The blaring horn kept sounding, and heads that had turned to follow the Van train turned back to face the east.

They waited ten seconds. Twenty. Thirty. Forty. Fifty.

It’s entirely possible that nobody in the crowd had ever seen a train move as fast as Extra 3119 West.

It’s entirely possible that Extra 3119 West was at that moment the fastest train in North America.

With a thunderous roar not unlike a building collapse, the train streaked through the station, horn blaring continuously. It trailed a cloud of dust in its wake like a comet; the wind its passage created roared through the lineside trees, sending dead branches and leaves flying.

In the cab of the eastbound, the head end crew became the last people to see David Totten alive. He was sitting upright in his seat, calm and collected as though he wasn’t moments away from death, his radio handset in front of his face. He disappeared from sight almost as soon as he’d appeared, and the rest of the train followed. The F-70-1 flatbeds came and went in a flash, and the caboose followed, a barely visible blur of yellow and red.

Heads turned so quickly that they strained necks. The horn echoed off the station building and the waiting eastbound, a receding roar as the train very rapidly got smaller and smaller in the distance. Within moments the only trace of the runaway train was David Totten’s voice, issuing from the radio his final reports. He became a ghost who hasn’t realized that he’s dead.

-

Less than one minute later, the train screamed past the hotbox detector at milepost 233.9, less than two miles distant. It isn’t known whether or not the detector actually found a defect with the train. It could have passed by so quickly that a proper reading couldn’t be taken, it could have still been calling out the speed and condition of the fleeing van train, or possibly it couldn’t handle a number that high; when the train eventually came to a stop, investigators found that the wheels on the flatcars with functioning brakes had reached anywhere from 400 to 800 degrees fahrenheit. The wheels on the locomotive had reached almost one thousand.

What was detected though, was the train’s speed. As the caboose ripped past the steel box mounted on the lineside, the warbling call of the detector - voiced by Majel Barrett-Roddenberry of Star Trek fame - gave a chilling indication of just how wrong David Totten was.

“… TRAIN SPEED: ONE ONE TWO …”

-

Inside the cab of engine 6946, madness was in full swing. A terrible cacophony of noises filled the cabin: All five locomotives were in notch 8, the wind whistled into the cab from worn seals, and the 50 cars behind them banged and rocked as they exceeded their designed top speeds. They were approaching 75 again as they leaned into the curve just outside of Kelso. The big Centennial didn’t like that - its huge, single cast 4-axle trucks groaned and popped in horrifying fashion as it screeched through the curve, wheels just fractions of an inch from leaping over the top of the rail. The rigid wheelsets clung to the tracks by just a hair - ironically, if the overspeed warning hadn’t tripped when it did, the 6946 would’ve likely leapt from the rails here, going into the hole at 80 plus, killing everyone in the locomotive, while leaving the rear-end crew exposed to the runaway, traveling at well over 110 into a stationary target.

On the topic of the overspeed alarm, it was being dealt with - the head end brakeman was waging war against the locomotive’s internals, prying open the cabinet holding the speed recorder, before physically interrupting the travel of the needle, breaking the instrument in the process.

Desperate times call for desperate measures, and there was not a more desperate time than this; as the train rounded the curve, the Extra 3119 West could be seen clearly, moving faster than should have been possible. Their only hope for survival would be if they derailed on the curve that almost took out the Centennial, but it was not to be; the train screamed round the corner with less than thirty seconds of time separating the pilot of the engine from the back porch of the caboose.

-

Inside the caboose of 2-VAN-16, the rear end crew frantically tore cushions off of seats and wrapped them around themselves, as if that might hold off a rampaging locomotive. Hopefully they had time to make their peace with God.

-

The van train kept going. If the overspeed alarm hadn’t cut off the power when it did, and if they then didn’t derail on the curve west of Kelso, it’s possible that they could have outrun it. Extra 3119 West could have derailed, slowed, or perhaps just melted its wheels off, bringing the chase to an end.

But the overspeed alarm had cut in, and so the meeting of the two trains was made destiny by the forces of gravity, and the laws of physics. It was inevitable.

-

At 2:29 PM, 30 minutes and 23.2 miles since they set off from Cima, and 14 minutes and 18.5 miles since Conductor Branson had put the train into emergency, Extra 3119 West collided with 2-VAN-16. The runaway was traveling at approximately 118 miles per hour, while the van train was doing 80 to 85.

This 38 mph closing speed was disastrous to those in the caboose of the Van train. Both porches were crushed in immediately, and the 3119 shoved the rear bulkhead in significantly. The impact then threw the caboose from the track, separating it from its trucks and sending it tumbling down the embankment. It eventually landed on its left side and slid to a stop in the shadow of the disaster. Inside, it was carnage - both men had been thrown about the car before landing on the floor. The rear brakeman would survive with what were assuredly life-altering injuries to his face and back, but the conductor was not as fortunate, suffering mortal wounds to most of his body as he was tossed about the cabin. He would die inside the caboose within minutes.

On the train, the first collision was probably weathered by the 3119. The next three, less so. The rear three freight cars on 2-VAN-16 were triple level autoracks, each fully loaded with 15 or more automobiles. After impacting the caboose and throwing it from the rails, the locomotive continued forward, colliding again with the van train, and throwing the first autorack off the rails. After that, the process repeated for the second one, sending it flying down the embankment.

It was the third autorack that struck home. With the closing speed lowering with each successive crash, and without an anti-climber on the 3119, the autorack rode over the frame of the SD40, stripping the carbody from the frame like a filet knife.

David Totten and Wallace Dastrup were thrown from the cab as their locomotive ceased to exist around them. They landed on the desert floor, already dead from massive internal injuries. The 3119 would remain upright, and eventually came to a stop the quarters of a mile down the track, with everything missing above the frame except the prime mover and alternator.

The F-70-1s were thrown around like toys, flying off the tracks like they’d been cast aside by an angry god. Their wheel assemblies were disassembled into their component parts by the force of the derailment, followed by the cars themselves. The ties were next, flying through the air like javelins, before landing on the ground in clouds of dust, dirt, and splinters.

Finally, the caboose came to a stop. It and the last three cars remained upright, albeit derailed. Inside, Alan Branson and Cecil Faucett patted themselves down, unbelieving that they’d lived through the day.

-

The incredible speeds the runaway reached, and the tragic deaths of three men, triggered a full NTSB investigation. Swarming over the wreckage like flies on a corpse, they recovered a trove of evidence - the locomotive, its brakes abraded and wheels metallurgically altered after reaching almost a thousand degrees. On the ground they found throttle levers, brake controls, the locomotive data recorder, and the air brake valve, all normal in function. The destruction among the flat cars was so total that only 32 of 160 brake shoes, and 78 wheels were recovered. Of both of these, well over half showed no signs of overheating or abrasion, as if they’d never been applied. The rest showed evidence of extreme over-use, as they tried and failed to hold back the train.

The evidence thus far was concerning, to say the least. A train with no dynamics should have been able to make it down the hill… if it had working brakes. If it truly weighed what the waybill said it did.

The NTSB organized a test train shortly thereafter. They salvaged portions of the ill-fated train, including the last three flatbeds and 9,695 of the ties that had been scattered along the lineside. They gathered 17 more F-70-1 flatbeds - between this test train and the wreck, most of the railroad’s 55-strong fleet was involved in the investigation - and loaded them up, before hauling the train back up the long hill to Las Vegas. There, Union Pacific did everything they didn’t do for Extra 3119 West:

They weighed the train on the yard’s scale, and found that even with 1,000 fewer ties, the train still clocked in at a gargantuan 1,948.25 tons.

They inspected the train, and found that of the 20 cars, 16 of them had some kind of brake malfunction. Ten had partial brake function, while six had none at all. The three cars salvaged from the wreck train were included in the former group.

For two whole days, with NTSB investigators watching on, crews from the Las Vegas car department labored frantically in the winter sun to remedy the train's numerous faults. Remember that the single inspector on November 17th had been given scarcely 15 minutes.

When the test train was finally made operable, Union Pacific sent it down the mountain using only the train’s air brakes. They probably thought quite highly of themselves when the train reached Kelso safely, however the specifics of that test were dramatically different than the events of the 17th. To start, the 20 F-70-1s were probably in the best mechanical condition they’d been in for years, thanks to the train being properly inspected. This meant that when the test train descended the hill, it did so with all 160 brake shoes pressing against the wheels.

Furthering the point, the brake shoes were aided by a skilled hand at the controls - Union Pacific, so eager to prove that a train could make it to the bottom of the Cima grade entirely under air brakes, had pulled a highly experienced road supervisor out of retirement to run the test train. Again, remember that David Totten had been an engineer for just shy of two years.

As the investigation dragged on, further evidence came to light: UP’s training for engineers prioritized the use of dynamic brakes, and paid comparatively little attention to running a train with only air brakes down a grade. In fact, the railroad paid so little attention to air brakes that it was found that the UP’s rules regarding steep grades such as the one in Cima were laxer than any other railroad in the country, and were so lax that they fell afoul of the FRA’s minimum requirements for air brake regulations.

With this in mind, the fact that the railroad’s own rules had created a series of unsafe situations for crews seems totally unsurprising: applying the emergency brake from the caboose, not informing the head end if the emergency brakes are applied, and having engineers keep making service brake applications instead of applying emergency braking, were all the wrong moves to make in a situation like the one that happened to Extra 3119 West. A new crew like David Totten, Alan Branson, Wallace Dastrup, and Cecil Faucett, all fairly fresh from their training and relatively inexperienced, followed that training all the way to the end, because they thought it would save them.

-

In the end, the NTSB found that the accident was caused by a variety of factors: UP’s poor maintenance and inspection practices, inadequate training of train crews for hill duties, the underestimation of loads at The Dalles tie plant, and the improper actions of the dispatcher on that day.

Poor maintenance, bad management, a nonexistent culture of safety, and lax training. These are all things that have plagued the railroad industry from day one. The NTSB can only recommend changes, not enforce them; they must rely on the railroads to make the fixes. Change training practices, create better rules, enforce higher maintenance standards - all basic tenets of safe railroading, yet still sorely needed.

So, has Union Pacific made those changes? Has this happened again?

In a very real sense, the answers can be yes, and no, spending on your outlook:

Since 1980 there have been two more runaways on the Cima grade, the most recent one in 2023, and the other in 1997. The circumstances of the two runaways differ - and in the case of the 2023 crash, haven’t yet been fully investigated - but the fact remains that Union Pacific once again allowed a 100+ MPH runaway down the hill not once, but twice. Furthermore, severe under-estimation of railcar loads has caused several other fatal accidents just within the LA Basin, most notably the 1989 Duffy Street wreck, when inaccurate knowledge of the weight of bulk trona and failing dynamic brakes sent a Southern Pacific freight train hurtling down Cajon Pass, and into a residential neighborhood.

However, on the Union Pacific at least, a greater respect for life and safety has been given in the years and decades since the accident. Neither inadequate dynamic brakes, nor improperly maintained brakes, have sent a train flying off the rails on the Cima Grade. The two subsequent accidents, while catastrophic, occurred without loss of life, making the 1980 runaway the last fatal crash on the hill.

Did David Totten, Wallace Dastrup, and the unidentified brakeman of 2-VAN-16 die in vain? Will their story be forgotten to the annals of railroading? Only time will tell.

[eatmangoesnekkid]

I have zero stress in my life, with exception that sometimes I do too much to pump up my skinny arms at the gym. This is not hubris or fantasy. I have a lover who honors that I only do what I love, not one day a week, but all days. But this is not about my lover because true love never begins or ends with a lover. This is about my devotion to love.  I feel that  we get too caught up in the acquisition of love, being chosen by someone and looking for what we can get in return, rather than doing the work to simply embody love as principle, evolving into the kind of person who is actually capable of loving another human soul well, first beginning with ourselves (our cells). Love also includes how we love animals and nature. It's all divine energy accumulating in our cells. I studied love. I studied love as a creative outlet. I studied strangers and couples of all sexualities and ethnicities whom energies resonated as loving. I would study their interactions and banter and fall in love with what I saw. I read simple books on love like Thich Nnat Hahn's "Teachings on Love" over and over again at least 30 times. I listened to songs that only felt like love. I discovered ways to unlock the tension around my heart/breasts and pelvis so that my body could release the archaic contractions and open up wide. I would bathe like love. As a result, it was only a natural next step that I would became a passionate lover. A passionate lover instinctively attracts more truthful love. When we have love, we have creative energy in our lives that we can utilize to help us to create heaven on earth. With more love energy embodied, life will start to feel really good for no reason at all. My way of loving and being in union was re-calibrated from the violent template I saw modeled in my home and community after a terrible breakup, breakdown, and breakthrough into one where loving is habit and self-love is principle. I am consistently spoiled with beautiful things, awakened to the presence of beauty in everyday life most days. I am encouraged to care for myself and do nothing at all, anytime, any day, at any hour. My body is nourished and easily orgasmic to the breeze of a gentle inhale.  It is no longer through the spirit of struggle, lack, tension, hustle, and deadlines, but from living the intimate, sensuous, tantric, magnetic arts that I birth a series of bestseller books that will burst hearts into mystical, sensuous, transformative, dewy pieces. I started to visualize a slow regenerative way of life 15 years ago, one that would include travels, naps, and time and space to cook homemade food without rushing, a real life where I adored being offline with ease far more than online. I would talk to nature and ask for guidance and just allow my body to hold a little more of the vision every day as if I was pregnant. I was! I also asked the holy spirit of love to utilize me; to utilize my mind and heightened intuition; to utilize this pelvis, hips, feet, cylindrical breasts, and heart and enhance my flow of energy; to utilize my tongue and warm mouth to sing beauty and write from loveliness; and even these hair follicles to amplify expanded possibilities for us all. Our mission is only valid when it includes evolving and expanding the light, universe energy, and possibilities within other people.  I stopped needing to possess this body; I know I cannot be contained by it. I can only serve as a conduit and create some deliciousness from its amplified attributes (as a result) of being utilized by Source energy. Most days my body is more a conduit of divine energy than something that I need to claim full ownership over.  We become conduits. This is how God uses us and how we help one another evolve and heal. Even our open-hearted nude bodies can be greatly healing for others. Life loves to fan the flames of our sweltering visions, warmest beliefs, swollen perceptions, and deepest desire frequencies. When you begin to own your mind and what's living in it, you shake loose your potencies. Your potencies are your divine energy. When you access the divine energy of love, your body gets softer. You now feel like love. The pitch/tone of your voice shifts; you now speak like love. You gait ascends; You now walk like love. Your scent evolves; you now smell like love. Your taste buds elevate; you now eat like love. Your relationship to your body, spine, and breathing transforms; you now fuck like love. You are love. Love has always been a noun, you see.

India Ame’ye, Author, Pictured

[misscammiedawn]

Charmed 2024 Outfit Poll!

It's that time again. Votes for this year's outfits!

I Shall Wear Midnight

Featuring a top hat gifted by Goddess Lady Ru'etha, a shawl and sprig of lavender crafted by Daja, a clasp crafted by Linny Bee and a pendant bought from Noelle. This is Miss Dawn's enchanted item filled with tokens of power. You will be mesmerized by this new witchy look from Dawn.

Miss Dawn's Teaching Outfit

Paired off with Daja's Lovely Assistant outfit, Dawn taught the 2024 version of "Utilizing Presence in a Scene" with this green and red outfit. Pictured with and without jacket.

Pink Pyjamas

Formal sleepwear for those who are tired and need to get their rest in before the next day of the event.

The Footie's On

Cammie and Craig are sportsball humans and Craig watched the Chelsea/Fulham game with Daja (Cammie watched Packers/Cowboys) and brought his strip. A gift from Daja and Sleepyhead. Rare photo of us boymodding. Albeit we don't really try to appear masc when Craig fronts.

Sunrise's Outfit

WINNER OF THE 2023 BEST OUTFIT AWARD - A lovely green velvet dress for a somft sweetling. This year worn for the "Non-visual fixation" class that she demo bottomed at. Online attendees described it as "Compersion 101"

Maiden's Pyjamas

A chemise utilized as night wear that really compliments the deeply hypnotized look in my eyes.

Plug/Zero Suit

Cosplay brought for a video shoot. It didn't end up being used so Sleepyhead helped me take some photos with it. I am informed my butt looks great in this outfit?

Miss Dawn's Casual Look

Miss Dawn's outfit is so ubiquitous that it's what she's wearing in our avatar (artwork by Poppetsisters).

Camden's Casual Look

A lovely green and blue outfit for lowkey social situations and pretending we have a chest to speak of.

Vampire Gala

Last year the same outfit was utilized for our subbiest scene. This year it was pure toppy energy. Amazing how the same outfit can help amplify the predator's presence. Your neck will get bitten.

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Go ahead and vote for your favorite!

[whitebunnie]

The Strategic Ballet of SEO Consulting: Crafting Digital Excellence

In the intricate ballet of the digital landscape, SEO consulting emerges as a choreographer, gracefully navigating the complexities to elevate businesses to new heights. This blog unveils the artistry behind SEO Consultant Services, exploring the nuanced dance between technical precision, content finesse, and the harmonious link-building that defines their unique approach to digital optimization.

Setting the Stage: SEO Consulting Beyond Conventional Wisdom

Decoding the Essence of SEO Consulting:

Beyond the common narrative of SEO as a means to visibility, SEO consultants are akin to creative directors shaping a narrative. They delve into the essence of a business, understanding its brand story, goals, and aspirations. SEO consulting is not a formulaic process; it's a choreography tailored to showcase the uniqueness of each business.

Strategic Choreography:

SEO consultants don't believe in off-the-rack solutions. Instead, they engage in a strategic choreography, conducting a thorough analysis of a business's digital footprint. This forms the basis for a customized dance, aligning SEO efforts with the specific needs and objectives of the business.

Unveiling the Choreography of SEO Consulting

1. Technical Ballet:

SEO consultants showcase their prowess in the technical ballet of website optimization. From streamlining site structures to ensuring seamless mobile experiences, their technical finesse lays the foundation for enhanced user experiences and improved search engine rankings.

2. Content Waltz:

In the graceful waltz of SEO, content takes center stage. SEO consultants curate a narrative that transcends mere keywords, focusing on creating a dance of information and engagement. Each piece of content is a step in the ballet, designed to resonate with the audience and lead them to conversion.

3. Link-Building Pas de Deux:

Similar to a pas de deux in ballet, SEO consultants engage in a delicate dance of link-building. They cultivate relationships with authoritative websites, earning high-quality backlinks that lend credibility to a business's online presence. It's a strategic dance that contributes to higher search rankings.

The Artistry of SEO Consulting

1. Adapting to the Digital Rhythm:

The digital landscape is a dynamic rhythm, ever-changing and evolving. SEO consultants are choreographers in tune with the latest beats, adapting their strategies to the nuances of evolving search engine algorithms. This flexibility ensures businesses dance seamlessly with industry trends.

2. Transparent Choreography:

SEO consulting is not a mysterious dance. Unlike performers guarding secrets, SEO consultants believe in transparent communication. They demystify the intricacies of SEO for businesses, fostering collaboration and ensuring clients actively participate in the choreography of optimization.

The Crescendo of Impact

1. Amplifying Visibility with Elegance:

SEO consultants orchestrate a crescendo of visibility with elegance. Through strategic optimization, they ensure businesses stand out in the vast expanse of search results, capturing the attention of their target audience with finesse and maximizing visibility.

2. Sustained Applause of Growth:

Beyond the immediate applause of improved rankings, SEO consultants focus on the sustained ovation of growth. Their strategies not only attract visitors but cultivate long-term relationships, transforming casual clicks into devoted patrons of a business's performance.

In Harmony with Success

As businesses pirouette through the digital ballet, the expertise of SEO Consultant Services emerges as a guiding choreography. Their ability to craft unique strategies, dance through technical intricacies, and adapt to the ever-changing digital rhythm positions SEO consultants as choreographers in the art of online optimization. In a world where online presence is the grand stage, SEO consulting becomes not just a service but a transformative dance orchestrating businesses toward the crescendo of digital success.