#Mileto

[calabria-mediterranea]

Mileto, Calabria, Italy

According to tradition, the city was founded by Greek fugitives from Miletus (Miletos in Greek; hence the name) in Anatolia, which had been destroyed by Darius.

Mileto was a Norman stronghold under Roger I of Sicily, the last great leader of the Norman conquest of southern Italy. He died here in 1101. Roger's son, Simon, Count of Sicily, died in the town in 1105, when he was 12 years old.

Simon's brother and successor Roger II was born here in 1095. He began his rule as Count of Sicily in 1105 and later became Duke of Apulia and Calabria in 1127. He became the first King of Sicily in 1130.

In 1807 it was the location of the Battle of Mileto between the French and Neapolitan armies.

The Museum of Mileto wxhibits an important art collection, set on two floors, with works dating from the late Imperial period to the 19th Century. The rooms on the ground floor show roman materials as well as medieval artefacts . Fragments of stained glass and capitals of Norman art (11th-12th Century) are of particular interest. The first room on the upper floor is dedicated to the monumental sarcophaguses of Roger and Giovanna D’Aquino. The other rooms on the first floor are dedicated to a rich section of Holy Art. It is possible to admire silk clerical garments, many silver artefacts, an ivory crucifix by Alessandro Algardi, a famous 17th Century sculptor, and some devotional paintings.

Follow us on Instagram, @calabria_mediterranea

[yaellaharpe-blog]

ROMAN MARKET GATE OF MILETO - TURKEY

PUERTA ROMANA DEL MERCADO DE MILETO - TURQUÍA

PORTA DEL MERCATO ROMANO DI MILETO - TURCHIA

(English / Español / Italiano)

In ancient times it was located near the mouth of the Meander River, 180 km from the city of Pergamon (Turkey). Miletus was a city of merchants and therefore its market was very important and was located in a square in the center of the city. The Roman style gate was built in 120 A.D. when the Roman Emperor Hadrian ruled and corresponded to the southern entrance of the Market of Miletus. Later, in the 6th century, Emperor Justinian ordered the construction of a city wall around the city of Miletus and the Market Gate was part of the wall. It is one of the best known examples of Roman architectural facades.

Today the Market Gate of Miletus is in the Pergamon Museum, as it appears in the image, in the room dedicated to Roman architecture and is the best preserved piece in the entire museum.

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Antiguamente se encontraba cerca de la desembocadura del río Meandro a 180 km de la ciudad de Pérgamo (Turquía). Mileto era una ciudad de comerciantes y por eso su mercado era muy importante y se encontraba en una plaza del centro de la ciudad. La Puerta de estilo romano fue construida en el año 120 d.C. cuando gobernaba el emperador romano Adriano y correspondía a la entrada sur del Mercado de Mileto. Más tarde, en el s.VI, el emperador Justiniano ordenó construir una muralla alrededor de la ciudad de Mileto y la Puerta del Mercado formó parte de la muralla. Es uno de los ejemplos más conocidos de fachadas arquitectónicas romanas.

Hoy en día la Puerta del Mercado de Mileto se encuentra en el Museo de Pérgamo, tal como aparece en la imagen, en la sala dedicada a la arquitectura romana y es la pieza mejor conservada de todo el museo.

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Nell'antichità si trovava vicino alla foce del fiume Meandro, a 180 km dalla città di Pergamo (Turchia). Mileto era una città di mercanti e quindi il suo mercato era molto importante e si trovava in una piazza nel centro della città. La porta in stile romano fu costruita nel 120 d.C. durante il regno dell'imperatore romano Adriano e corrispondeva all'ingresso meridionale del mercato di Mileto. Più tardi, nel VI secolo, l'imperatore Giustiniano ordinò la costruzione di una cinta muraria intorno alla città di Mileto, di cui la Porta del Mercato faceva parte. È uno degli esempi più noti di facciata architettonica romana.

Oggi la Porta del Mercato di Mileto si trova nel Museo di Pergamo, come mostra la foto, nella sala dedicata all'architettura romana, ed è il pezzo meglio conservato dell'intero museo.

[notasfilosoficas]

"No hay diferencia entre la vida y la muerte. ‘¿Entonces por qué no te mueres?’, le preguntó uno. ‘Porque no hay diferencia’, respondió”

Tales de Mileto

Fue un filósofo, matemático, geómetra, físico y legislador griego, nacido en Mileto, una antigua ciudad griega localizada cerca de la desembocadura del rio Menderes en la antigua Caria (hoy Turquía) en el año 624 a.C.

Aristóteles lo consideró como el iniciador de la escuela de Mileto, cuyos miembros fueron Tales, Anaximandro y Anaxímenes.

Tales es reconocido por romper con el uso de la mitología para explicar el mundo y el universo, cambiándolas por explicaciones naturales mediante teorías e hipótesis naturalistas, por lo que se le considera como el iniciador de la especulación científica, y filosófica griega. Por lo anterior, se le considera el primer filósofo de Occidente.

No se conserva ningún texto suyo, sin embargo se le atribuyen importantes aportaciones en el terreno de la filosofía, la matemática, la astronomía y la física, y los datos biográficos son una mezcla de opiniones, y de hechos atribuidos a su persona, recogidas de diferentes autores muchos años después de su muerte.

De lo poco que se sabe, es que sus padres eran oriundos de Fenicia, y se cree que en alguna etapa de su vida, Tales haya recibido enseñanzas de sacerdotes egipcios, así como conocimientos matemáticos que estos habían desarrollado a un nivel práctico. Ya que los jonios, de donde provenía, comerciaban frecuentemente con Egipto y Babilonia.

Se cuentan múltiples anécdotas de la vida de Tales, y sobresalen cuando predijo una prospera cosecha de aceitunas y que anticipándose a este hecho, compró una gran cantidad de prensas de aceite en invierno, mismas que alquiló en la época de recolección, con lo que acumuló una gran fortuna (Política de Aristoteles). Por su parte Herodoto, cuenta una anécdota de Tales en donde en medio de una batalla, predijo un eclipse solar y llevó a los contendientes a detenerse y llegar a un acuerdo de paz por miedo a que el evento se tratara de una advertencia divina.

También es muy conocida la leyenda de su método de comparación de sombras que habría utilizado para medir la altura de las pirámides egipcias.

Apolodoro, el filósofo epicúreo en sus Crónicas, afirma que Tales murió a la edad de setenta y ocho años en Mileto, y otros filósofos afirman que fue a la edad de noventa años.

Fuente Wikipedia.

[edge-oftheworld]

'got me running from the daylight' -> 'romanticise a dark city, you can't find the light in the sun'

every time i try to study i end up distracted by lyric parallels that relate to my work

[estefanyailen]

"Anaxímenes de Mileto, pensador griego del siglo VI a.C., desarrolló el antiguo concepto de que la respiración era el espíritu de la vida, pensando que el aire es el elemento fundamental de la tierra: «Lo mismo que el alma, que es aire, mantiene unido al cuerpo, el viento y el aire envuelven el mundo entero.» El resto de los elementos, afirmaba Anaxímenes, provienen del aire densificado o enrarecido."

- Atlas Argentino.

[patadela]

Di dalam peradaban Yunani Kuno kira" abad 5 SM-Sebagai ciri dari manusia yang selalu bertanya sebagai salah satu naluriahnya- disebutkan bahwa terdapat orang-orang yqng cikal bakal akan menjadi pemikir yang menggagaskan tentang hakaikat dan kebeardaan sesuatu. Mereka mempertanyakan akan hakaikat yang menyebabkan sesuatu menjadi ada. Mereka adalah orang-orang dari miletos . Merekalah yang pertama kali mengangkat tentang apa yang disebutkan dengan arkhe. Salah satunya adalah Thales dari Miletos. Karena di daerahnya terdapat banyak air, ia kemudian berasumsi dan berpendapat bahwa Segala sesuatu yang ada di muka bumi ini pasti berasal dari air. Ini lah pertautan antara pemikiran dan Obyek yang dindrai. Kendati masih sangat tradisional, tapi cikal bakal apa yang disebut sebagai pemikiran yang bakalan menjadi pengetahuan ilmiah mulai terlahir dari sini.

@pengikut

@pengikut

[conatus]

Tales de Mileto: A água é o princípio de todas as coisas

No século VI a.C., Tales de Mileto, tido como o primeiro filósofo, desafiou as explicações míticas e mitológicas que permeavam a compreensão do universo. Nesse contexto, a água, que a princípio pode parecer uma escolha surpreendente, revela-se uma escolha notável quando exploramos as nuances do pensamento talesiano. A água, para Tales, não era apenas um elemento comum, mas um princípio dinâmico…

[forislynx]

"Allting är fullt av gudar", är ett yttrande som påstås ha fällts av Thales från Miletos, den förste av de grekiska s.k. naturfilosoferna ... Men Thales är också känd för att ha hävdat att vattnet är alltings grund. I den processen inbegrips inte några gudar. ... Påstår man att "allting är fullt av gudar" upphäver man kontrasten mellan det gudomliga och det icke-gudomliga. Det icke-gudomliga får del av den kraft som vanligen förbehålls gudarna. Allting består av krafter.

Ronny Ambjörnsson, Europas idéhistoria. Antiken, Människors undran

[calabria-mediterranea]

The Story Of Natuzza Evolo: Calabrian Mystic

Natuzza was a Calabrian mystic who acted as a medium and healer, showed evidence of stigmata, and could “bi-locate” — be in two different places at once. She is also connected with “hemography,” which is when blood stains miraculously transform into symbols, shapes, and even words, particularly Christian ones like crosses.

Natuzza was born in 1924 in Paravati, a tiny hamlet near Mileto in Calabria. Her given name is Fortunata, from which the diminutive “Natuzza” comes. Natuzza’s father had left for Argentina a few months before she was born, and he never returned, leaving Natuzza’s mother alone to care for her newborn as well as her other children.

Natuzza never learned to read or write and helped support her mother and siblings by working for local families. She allegedly began having her first visions as a small child — Jesus, it is said, appeared to her as a boy who played with her and one of her brothers — but her brushes with the dead didn’t become popular knowledge around town until she began experiencing them as a young teen at work.

And it wasn’t just apparitions with Natuzza, even as a child. At her First Holy Communion, her mouth reportedly filled with blood when the wafer symbolizing the body of Christ was placed inside. At her Confirmation, a large stain of blood in the form of a cross formed on the back of her shirt.

Because of Natuzza’s experiences with the paranormal, as a young woman she was closed in an asylum with a diagnosis of "hysterical syndrome" for a few months by the local priest and was not permitted to enter a convent to become a nun.

Natuzza became known for the appearance on her body of blood-coloured images and words around the time of Easter and these caused her great psychological and physical pain. Some of the words were found to be Hebrew and Aramaic which was strange because she could not read or write, even in her native Italian. For decades devout Catholics from Calabria, then the rest of Italy and other parts of the world, began coming to her to ask for advice and prayers and to ask her for information about the souls of their relatives.

In addition to seeing Jesus, Natuzza also claimed to have also seen and communicated with the Virgin Mary, angels, and the dead, particularly souls in purgatory, throughout her life.

Natuzza was also considered a healer, credited with being able to look at a person and tell them what was ailing them, physically — using formal, medical terminology — as well as suggest treatments. She could also see the future and sometimes spoke in languages she didn’t know (remember, again, she was illiterate). In fact, some of her blood stains even transformed into phrases in foreign languages.

However, Natuzza never accepted money for what she did or was accused of participating in anything fraudulent based on her abilities, which, in the eyes and hearts of many, lend credence to her and her followers’ claims.

"It's a question of removing the suggestive religious context from the event. It doesn't allow rational reading since it cloaks it in mythology and unprovable hypotheses," says the Italian Committee for the Checking of Pseudoscientific Claims, or CICAP.

The group believes the so-called stigmata cases are really examples of Gardner-Diamond syndrome, "a skin condition that, although rare, is well documented in medical literature." The syndrome gives rise to a series of periodic, painful and bleeding bruises of unclear origin, combined with psychiatric disorders such as self-harm.

Although she’s relatively unknown internationally, Italians have been fascinated by Natuzza for generations as she has been a popular subject of books and various Italian television programs.

After Natuzza passed away on All Saints’ Day in 2009, about 30,000 people traveled from all over Italy and beyond for her funeral in rural Calabria. One-hundred priests and six Italian bishops were also in attendance.

Follow us on Instagram, @calabria_mediterranea

[infoejercicios]

La filosofía griega: un legado que perdura en la actualidad

"Descubre cómo la filosofía griega, una de las tradiciones más influyentes de la historia, continúa moldeando nuestra comprensión del mundo y nuestro lugar en él. ¡Lee este artículo y descubre su legado duradero en la cultura occidental!

La filosofía griega es uno de los pilares fundamentales de la cultura occidental. Desde sus inicios en el siglo VI a.C., la filosofía griega ha influido en la forma en que los seres humanos comprendemos el mundo y nuestro lugar en él. Esta tradición filosófica ha perdurado a lo largo de los siglos, y sus enseñanzas continúan siendo relevantes en la actualidad. Los filósofos griegos se…

[piafgodalhi]

“Lo más difícil del mundo es conocerse a uno mismo, y lo más fácil hablar mal de los demás”. 

-Tales de Mileto

[littlesparklight]

These Trojan war characters have something in common:

Achilles, Patroklos, Agamemnon, Paris, Deiphobos, Sarpedon, Helenos, and Priam.

Sources which give them male lovers.

Achilles and Patroklos of course, though not in explicitly in the Iliad - later, however, they were certainly explicitly considered to be so. Achilles also was attracted to Troilos in some versions, accounted for in Lykophron's Alexandra (earlier texts fragmentary or lost), and references in surviving art (hares or cocks in conjunction with Achilles and Troilos). I'm not counting Troilos himself because he is always represented as rejecting Achilles, so whether he might otherwise have had mutual affection with a male lover, it's certainly not Achilles. (Tzetzes' commentary on Lykophron: "§ 307  "Alas, alas, I groan, alas, alas, I groan" and your fresh and well-nurtured age, my brother Troilus, "O cub" and most royal offspring, delightful entanglement of the brothers who, having wounded Achilles with the erotic arrow of your beauty, that is, having attracted him so as to fall in love with you, you not having fallen in love with him[...]") (I'll touch on Patroklos separate from Achilles below.)

Agamemnon; Argynnus! Either unrequited and thus (attempted) sexual assault, or apparently perfectly mutual, depending on our two sources. Probably a rather late addition, given our (surviving!) sources, but we can't know exactly, of course. Plutarch's Moralia:

And then in Athenaios' Deipnosophists:

Paris and Deiphobos will be accounted and counted for together, because they have the same love interest, whose name is Antheus (a son of Antenor). We only have it accounted for in Lycophron's Alexandra, and only for Paris, explicitly, there. Deiphobos is accounted for in Tzetzes' commentary:

Some form of the story would be Hellenistic, and probably earlier, but, again, of course we can't know.

Sarpedon "only" counts if we're going with Sarpedon as a long-lived son of Zeus and Europa, and not the Iliad's genealogy where he's the son of Zeus and Laodameia. Sarpedon's two potential male lovers ( it'd be either or of them, given how the story goes) are Atymnius or Miletos and would be part of the reason why he (and the boy) flees Crete and ends up in Lycia. Apollodoros' Bibliotheke: 3.1.2 "But when they were grown up, they quarrelled with each other; for they loved a boy called Miletus, son of Apollo by Aria, daughter of Cleochus. As the boy was more friendly to Sarpedon, Minos went to war and had the better of it, and the others fled." and, further in the same section, "But some say that they loved Atymnius, the son of Zeus and Cassiepea, and that it was about him that they quarrelled."

Helenos and Priam's come from the same (rather suspect; doesn't mean it can't be used, but we have no idea what might be genuine or not) source, Ptolemaeus Chennus/Hephaestion's New/Strange History, surviving only in Photius' summarizing Biblioteca.

This is where Helenos as Apollo's lover comes from! (And is, to my surprise, the only source for it.) And it's also where Priam is apparently beloved by Zeus (and is given the golden vine that otherwise is one of the potential gifts Zeus gave Ganymede's father).

"Priam was beloved by Zeus and received from him the golden vine plant of which he made a gift to Eurypyles, son of Telephos, as the price of his alliance." and "Helenus, son of Priam, was beloved of Apollo and received from him the silver bow with which he wounded Achilles in the hand."

This is also the source that accounts for Patroklos as the lover of Poseidon: "Homer calls Patroclus the first horseman because he learned from Poseidon, who loved him, the art of riding horses."

[etymology-of-the-emblem]

The Demonic References in the Loptr Church

Befitting the cult of the dark god Loptous, many members of the Loptr Church, particularly those in Chapters 10 and Endgame of Fire Emblem: Genealogy of the Holy War take their names from grimoires of demonology and the occult.

Beginning with the sect's archbishop, Manfroy (JP: マンフロイ; rōmaji: manfuroi) gets his name from legends regarding Manfred of Sicily, son of Emperor Frederick II. On page 436 of Jacques Collin de Plancy's Dictionnaire Infernal is a section dedicated to Mainfroi, which claims that following his excommunication by Pope Innocent IV, Manfred studied magic and alchemy, all while communing with demons. This was largely based on a similar passage on page 303 of Pierre Le Loyer's Histoire des spectres et apparitions des esprits, which instead refers to Manfred as Manfroy. Rumors of King Manfred's deal with the devil would go on to inspire Lord Byron's Manfred, a poem telling of a noble convening with dark spirits to erase his memory of a lost lover - a sentiment based on his own failed marriage and an affair with his half-sister Augusta Leigh. The wiping of memories seemingly influenced Manfroy's act of erasing those of Deirdre, while the topic of incest likely served as a basis for the conception of Loptous' vessel.

Moving on, Zagam (JP: ザガム; rōmaji: zagamu) is the Loptrian stationed over Miletos Castle. He is named after Zagam, attested on page 711 of Dictionnaire Infernal as a Great King and President of Hell, sourced from Johann Weyer's Pseudomonarchia Daemonum, where he is instead called Zagan. The name Zagan would also be used in the later-released Ars Goetia, part of the Lesser Key of Solomon. Most mentions of Zagan claim that he could turn wine or oil into blood, and could transmute water into wine and vice versa.

Juphiel (JP: ユフィール; rōmaji: yufīru) is a Loptrian bishop defending Edda dukedom. His name comes from Uphir, a demon seemingly first mentioned in Dictionnaire Infernal on page 674. He is said to be a chemist who maintains the health of Beelzebub and the other high-ranked demons of Hell.

Dagon (JP: ダゴン; rōmaji: dagon) is a Loptrian bishop that protects Dozel Castle. His name comes from Dagon, described in Dictionnaire Infernal on page 194. But before this, Dagon, also called Dagan, was an ancient Syrian god of prosperity, kingship, and the father of many other gods. Dagan was also said to guarantee a successful grain harvest. First attestations of Dagon as a demonic entity began with the texts of the Old Testament, which claimed the Philistines to have worshiped the god above all others. De Plancy would expand Dagon's role among other demons, interpreting him to be the Great Baker of Hell - likely based on his association with grain.

Lastly is Baran (JP: バラン; rōmaji: baran), who serves to stop Seliph's army at Friege. He is named after Balan, covered on pages 76 and 77 of Dictionnaire Infernal. In other texts like the Ars Goetia, he is instead called Balam or Balaam. He is said to be a three-headed demon who responds to questions with perfect answers, whether it be about the past, present, or future. The name Balaam comes from a magician in the Old Testament, who told the Moabite king Balak how to make the Israelites sin, leading to punishment upon them by God.

Saving the most speculative for last, Veld is a high-stationed bishop of the Loptr Church who carries out Manfroy's orders throughout the Munster District. The name seemingly comes from the Old Norse veld, appropriately meaning "I rule over; I am the cause of".

In Japanese, Veld's name is written ベルド (rōmaji: berudo). It is possible that the name is a greatly truncated form of ベルゼビュート (rōmaji: beruzebyūto), Belzébuth, a French name for the Lord of the Flies, Beelzebub. Similarly to Dagon, some of the earliest mentions of Beelzebub come from the Old Testament, where he was a god of the Philistines. The Testament of Solomon would go on to assert that this was but another name for Lucifer. Other sources interpret the two as separate, however. On pages 89 and 90 of Dictionnaire Infernal, Belzébuth is claimed to be the prince of demons, the absolute leader of Hell, and second in power and wickedness only to Satan himself. For "Manfroy's Rock" and seemingly the second most powerful member of the Loptrian Order behind the archbishop to be named after Beelzebub would be rather appropriate, though the connection is certainly a stretch.

[alatismeni-theitsa]

Can foreigners who believe they are Neo-pagans but are - in fact - just readers of Percy Jackson and all the other monstrosities just stop???

Like, I can guarantee Hades doesn't care in the slightest if this girl is having her period or not or how she's handling it.

Why do these people who, in truth, don't have the slightest connection to either Hellenic culture or the Gods, act as though the deities are there to be their best friends? That they regularly have conversations? Or that they're in love with them (The amount of people who think they are married to a God/Goddess is frightening)? Especially when none of these things occured with ancient Greeks. Like, sure Karen, Apollo never begged Agathokles from Miletos to drink less and eat more greens but since you're claiming he does it for you on a regular basis, then it must be true.