#navigation:

[jcmarchi]

What on Earth is the `types` Descriptor in View Transitions?

New Post has been published on https://thedigitalinsider.com/what-on-earth-is-the-types-descriptor-in-view-transitions/

What on Earth is the `types` Descriptor in View Transitions?

Have you ever stumbled upon something new and went to research it just to find that there is little-to-no information about it? It’s a mixed feeling: confusing and discouraging because there is no apparent direction, but also exciting because it’s probably new to lots of people, not just you. Something like that happened to me while writing an Almanac’s entry for the @view-transition at-rule and its types descriptor.

You may already know about Cross-Document View Transitions: With a few lines of CSS, they allow for transitions between two pages, something that in the past required a single-app framework with a side of animation library. In other words, lots of JavaScript.

To start a transition between two pages, we have to set the @view-transition at-rule’s navigation descriptor to auto on both pages, and that gives us a smooth cross-fade transition between the two pages. So, as the old page fades out, the new page fades in.

@view-transition navigation: auto;

That’s it! And navigation is the only descriptor we need. In fact, it’s the only descriptor available for the @view-transition at-rule, right? Well, turns out there is another descriptor, a lesser-known brother, and one that probably envies how much attention navigation gets: the types descriptor.

What do people say about types?

Cross-Documents View Transitions are still fresh from the oven, so it’s normal that people haven’t fully dissected every aspect of them, especially since they introduce a lot of new stuff: a new at-rule, a couple of new properties and tons of pseudo-elements and pseudo-classes. However, it still surprises me the little mention of types. Some documentation fails to even name it among the valid  @view-transition descriptors. Luckily, though, the CSS specification does offer a little clarification about it:

The types descriptor sets the active types for the transition when capturing or performing the transition.

To be more precise, types can take a space-separated list with the names of the active types (as <custom-ident>), or none if there aren’t valid active types for that page.

Name: types

For: @view-transition

Value: none | <custom-ident>+

Initial: none

So the following values would work inside types:

@view-transition navigation: auto; types: bounce; /* or a list */ @view-transition navigation: auto; types: bounce fade rotate;

Yes, but what exactly are “active” types? That word “active” seems to be doing a lot of heavy lifting in the CSS specification’s definition and I want to unpack that to better understand what it means.

Active types in view transitions

The problem: A cross-fade animation for every page is good, but a common thing we need to do is change the transition depending on the pages we are navigating between. For example, on paginated content, we could slide the content to the right when navigating forward and to the left when navigating backward. In a social media app, clicking a user’s profile picture could persist the picture throughout the transition. All this would mean defining several transitions in our CSS, but doing so would make them conflict with each other in one big slop. What we need is a way to define several transitions, but only pick one depending on how the user navigates the page.

The solution: Active types define which transition gets used and which elements should be included in it. In CSS, they are used through :active-view-transition-type(), a pseudo-class that matches an element if it has a specific active type. Going back to our last example, we defined the document’s active type as bounce. We could enclose that bounce animation behind an :active-view-transition-type(bounce), such that it only triggers on that page.

/* This one will be used! */ html:active-view-transition-type(bounce) &::view-transition-old(page) /* Custom Animation */ &::view-transition-new(page) /* Custom Animation */

This prevents other view transitions from running if they don’t match any active type:

/* This one won't be used! */ html:active-view-transition-type(slide) &::view-transition-old(page) /* Custom Animation */ &::view-transition-new(page) /* Custom Animation */

I asked myself whether this triggers the transition when going to the page, when out of the page, or in both instances. Turns out it only limits the transition when going to the page, so the last bounce animation is only triggered when navigating toward a page with a bounce value on its types descriptor, but not when leaving that page. This allows for custom transitions depending on which page we are going to.

The following demo has two pages that share a stylesheet with the bounce and slide view transitions, both respectively enclosed behind an :active-view-transition-type(bounce) and :active-view-transition-type(slide) like the last example. We can control which page uses which view transition through the types descriptor.

The first page uses the bounce animation:

@view-transition navigation: auto; types: bounce;

The second page uses the slide animation:

@view-transition navigation: auto; types: slide;

You can visit the demo here and see the full code over at GitHub.

The types descriptor is used more in JavaScript

The main problem is that we can only control the transition depending on the page we’re navigating to, which puts a major cap on how much we can customize our transitions. For instance, the pagination and social media examples we looked at aren’t possible just using CSS, since we need to know where the user is coming from. Luckily, using the types descriptor is just one of three ways that active types can be populated. Per spec, they can be:

Passed as part of the arguments to startViewTransition(callbackOptions)

Mutated at any time, using the transition’s types

Declared for a cross-document view transition, using the types descriptor.

The first option is when starting a view transition from JavaScript, but we want to trigger them when the user navigates to the page by themselves (like when clicking a link). The third option is using the types descriptor which we already covered. The second option is the right one for this case! Why? It lets us set the active transition type on demand, and we can perform that change just before the transition happens using the pagereveal event. That means we can get the user’s start and end page from JavaScript and then set the correct active type for that case.

I must admit, I am not the most experienced guy to talk about this option, so once I demo the heck out of different transitions with active types I’ll come back with my findings! In the meantime, I encourage you to read about active types here if you are like me and want more on view transitions:

[eggwhiteswithspinach]

Reflection questions: How does anger appear in your day to day? What message is being unheard and how can you honour and validate your own message? How have you contributed to the tone policing of women or BIPOC? What has your tone policing of women or BIPOC looked like in the past, how would you notice it again in your future, and what do you plan on doing to shift away from it?

#quotes

[389]

PORTO ROCHA

[nanaluvbug]

🧀🥪🌶️🥭 The Ravening War portraits  🧀🥪🌶️🥭

patreon * twitch * shop  

[ID: a series of digitally illustrated portraits showing - top left to bottom right - Bishop Raphaniel Charlock (an old radish man with a big red head and large white eyebrows & a scraggly beard. he wears green and gold robes with symbols of the bulb and he smirks at the viewer) Karna Solara (a skinny young chili pepper woman with wavy green hair, freckled light green skin with red blooms on her cheeks. she wears a chili pepper hood lined with small pepper seeds and stares cagily ahead) Thane Delissandro Katzon (a muscular young beef man with bright pinkish skin with small skin variations to resemble pastrami and dark burgundy hair. he wears a bread headress with a swirl of rye covering his ears and he looks ahead, optimistic and determined) Queen Amangeaux Epicée du Peche (a bright mango woman with orange skin, big red hair adorned with a green laurel, and sparkling green/gold makeup. she wears large gold hoop earrings and a high leafy collar) and Colin Provolone (a scraggly cheese man with waxy yellow skin and dark slicked back hair and patchy dark facial hair. he wears a muted, ratty blue bandana around his neck and raises a scarred brow at the viewer with a smirk) End ID.)

[bartleby-company]

(vía Another America 50 by Phillip Toledano)

[70sscifiart]

One of my favorites by Paul Lehr, used as a 1971 cover to "Earth Abides," by George R. Stewart. It's also in my upcoming art book!

[taizooo]

もともとは10年ほど前にTumblrにすごくハマっていて。いろんな人をフォローしたらかっこいい写真や色が洪水のように出てきて、もう自分で絵を描かなくて良いじゃん、ってなったんです。それで何年も画像を集めていって、そこで集まった色のイメージやモチーフ、レンズの距離感など画面構成を抽象化して、いまの感覚にアウトプットしています。画像の持つ情報量というものが作品の影響になっていますね。

映画『きみの色』山田尚子監督×はくいきしろい対談。嫉妬し合うふたりが語る、色と光の表現｜Tokyo Art Beat

[layla-keating]

#thistension

XO, KITTY — 1.09 “SNAFU”

[nevver]

No one wants to be here and no one wants to leave, Dave Smith (because)

[389]

PORTO ROCHA

[theroyalweekly]

Beautiful photo of the Princess of Wales departing Westminster Abbey after attending the Commonwealth Day Service. --

[mellowlike]

齋藤飛鳥

[goodvibesandmemes]

GENERAL MEMES: Vampire/Immortal Themed 🩸🦇🌹

↳ Please feel free to tweak them.

Themes: violence, death, blood, murder, depression/negative thoughts

SYMBOLS: ↳ Use “↪”to reverse the characters where applicable!

🦇 - To catch my muse transforming into a bat 🌞 - To warn my muse about/see my muse in the sunlight. 🩸 - To witness my muse drinking blood from a bag. 🐇 - To witness To catch my muse drinking blood from an animal. 🧔🏽 - To witness To catch my muse drinking blood from a human. 🦌 - For our muses hunt together for the first time. 🏃🏿‍♀️ - To see my muse using super speed. 🏋🏼‍♂️ - To see my muse using their super strength. 🧛🏻‍♂️ - To confront my muse about being a vampire. 🌕 - For my muse to lament missing the sun. ⏰ - For my muse to tell yours about a story from their long, immortal life. 🤛🏽 - To offer my muse your wrist to drink from. 👩🏿 - For my muse to reminisce about a long lost love. 👩🏽‍🤝‍👩🏽 - For your muse to look exactly like my muse's lost love. 👄 - For my muse to bite yours. 👀 - For my muse to glamour/compel yours. 🧄 - To try and sneakily feed my muse garlic to test if they're a vampire. 🔗 - To try and apprehend my muse with silver chains. 🔪 - To try and attack my muse with a wooden stake. 👤 - To notice that my muse doesn't have a reflection. 🌹 - For my muse to turn yours into a vampire. 🌚 - For my muse and yours to spend time together during the night. 🧛🏼‍♀️ - For my muse to tell yours about their maker/sire.

SENTENCES:

"I've been alive for a long time [ name ], I can handle myself." "I'm over a thousand years old, you can't stop me!" "Lots of windows in this place, not exactly the greatest place for a vampire." "Do you really drink human blood? Don't you feel guilty?" "Vampires are predators, [ name ] hunting is just part of our nature, you can't change that." "You just killed that person! You're a monster!" "Tomorrow at dawn, you'll meet the sun [ name ]." "Can you make me like you?" "Do you really want to live forever?" "You say you want to live forever, [ name ], but forever is a long time, longer than you can imagine." "What was it like to live through [ historic event / time period ]?" "Did people really dress like that when you were young?" "What were you like when you were human?" "We’re vampires, [ name ], we have no soul to save, and I don’t care." "How many people have you killed? You can tell me, I can handle it." "Did you meet [ historic figure ]?" "Everyone dies in the end, what does it matter if I... speed it along." "Every time we feed that person is someone's mother, brother, sister, husband. You better start getting used to that if you want to survive this life." "[ she is / he is / they are ] the strongest vampire anyone has heard of, no one knows how to stop them, and if you try you're going to get yourselves killed." "Vampire hunters are everywhere in this city, you need to watch your back." "Humans will never understand the bond a vampire has with [ his / her / their ] maker, it's a bond like no other." "Here, have this ring, it will protect you from the sunlight." "I get you're an immortal creature of the night and all that, but do you have to be such a downer about it?" "In my [ centuries / decades / millennia ] of living, do you really think no one has tried to kill me before?" "Vampires aren't weakened by garlic, that's a myth." "I used to be a lot worse than I was now, [ name ], I've had time to mellow, to become used to what I am. I'm ashamed of the monster I was." "The worst part of living forever is watching everyone you love die, while you stay frozen, still, constant." "I've lived so long I don't feel anything any more." "Are there more people like you? How many?" "Life has never been fair, [ name ], why would start being fair now you're immortal?" "You want to be young forever? Knock yourself out, I just hope you understand what you're giving up." "You never told me who turned you into a vampire. Who were they? Why did they do it?" "I could spend an eternity with you and never get bored." "Do you really sleep in coffins?" "There are worse things for a vampire than death, of that I can assure you [ name ]." "You need to feed, it's been days. You can drink from me, I can tell you're hungry." "The process of becoming a vampire is risky, [ name ], you could die, and I don't know if I could forgive myself for killing you." "I'm a vampire, I can hold a grudge for a long time, so believe me when I say I will never forgive this. Never." "You were human once! How can you have no empathy?" "You don't have to kill to be a vampire, but what would be the fun in that." "You can spend your first years of immortality doing whatever you want to whoever you want, but when you come back to your senses, it'll hit you harder than anything you've felt before." "One day, [ name ], everything you've done is going to catch up to you, and you're never going to forgive yourself." "Stop kidding yourself, [ name ], you're a vampire, a killer, a predator. You might as well embrace it now because you can't keep this up forever." "You can't [ compel / glamour ] me, I have something to protect me." "When you've lived as long as me, there's not much more in life you can do." "You want me to turn you? You don't know what you're asking me to do." "You really have to stop hissing like that, it's getting on my nerves." "I'm going to drive this stake through your heart, [ name ], and I'm going to enjoy it."

[shitakeo33]

よく「発明は1人でできる。製品化には10人かかる。量産化には100人かかる」とも言われますが、実際に、私はネオジム磁石を1人で発明しました。製品化、量産化については住友特殊金属の仲間たちと一緒に、短期間のうちに成功させました。82年に発明し、83年から生産が始まったのですから、非常に早いです。そしてネオジム磁石は、ハードディスクのＶＣＭ(ボイスコイルモーター)の部品などの電子機器を主な用途として大歓迎を受け、生産量も年々倍増して、2000年には世界で1万トンを超えました。

世界最強「ネオジム磁石はこうして見つけた」（佐川眞人 氏 ／ インターメタリックス株式会社 代表取締役社長） | Science Portal - 科学技術の最新情報サイト「サイエンスポータル」

[whencyclopedia]

The Delian League, Part 2: From Eurymedon to the Thirty Years Peace (465/4-445/4 BCE)

This text is part of an article series on the Delian League.

The second phase of the Delian League's operations begins with the Hellenic victory over Mede forces at Eurymedon and ends with the Thirty Years Peace between Athens and Sparta (roughly 465/4 – 445/4 BCE).The Greek triumph at Eurymedon resulted in a cessation of hostilities against the Persians, which lasted almost six years. Whether or not this peace or truce followed from some formal treaty negotiated by Cimon, son of Miltiades, remains unknown.

Nevertheless, the Greek success at Eurymedon proved so decisive, the damage inflicted on Persia so great, and the wealth confiscated so considerable that an increasing number of League members soon began to wonder if the alliance still remained necessary. The Persians, however, had not altogether withdrawn from the Aegean. They still had, for example, a sizeable presence in both Cyprus and Doriscus. They also set about to build a great number of new triremes.

REDUCTION OF THASOS & THE BATTLE OF DRABESCUS

A quarrel soon erupted between the Athenians and Thasians over several trading ports and a wealth-producing mine (465 BCE). Competing economic interests compelled the rich and powerful Thasos to revolt from the Delian League. The Thasians resisted for almost three years. When the polis finally capitulated, the Athenians forced Thasos to surrender its naval fleet and the mine, dismantle defensive walls, pay retributions, and converted the future League contributions to monetary payments: 30 talents annum. Some League members became disaffected with the Athenian reduction of Thasos. Several poleis observed the Athenians had now developed a penchant for using "compulsion." They started to see Athens acting with both "arrogance and violence." On expeditions, furthermore, the other members felt they "no longer served as equals" (Thuc. 1.99.2).

The Athenians, meanwhile, attempted to establish a colony on the Strymon river to secure timber from Macedon, which shared its borders with the west bank. The location also proved a critical strategic point from which to protect the Hellespont. The Thracians, however, repelled the League forces at Drabescus. The Athenians soon realized the threats from both Thrace and Macedon made permanent settlements in the region difficult as they were essentially continental powers, and the League fleet could not reach them easily. Designs for the region, however, would not change, and the Athenians would return there again.

The Delian League had by this time demonstrated an inherent conflict from its beginnings: on the one hand, it engaged in heroic struggles against the Mede and extended its influence, reaping enormous benefits (especially for its poorer members). On the other hand, it also suppressed its members and soon demanded obedience from them.

The League engaged from the outset in a form of soft imperialism, collecting and commanding voluntary naval contributions and tribute while Athens used those resources and led all expeditions, enforcing continued membership but also showing little or no interest to interfere with the internal mechanisms of any member polis (unless it openly rebelled).

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