Tomura's Psyche
So while Chapter 419 was absolutely devastating, I find a lot of what AfO said in this chapter kind of enlightening. Most of his monologues tend to go over my head but this one was really interesting to me because he used the terms 'superego' and 'id'.
(I'm really obsessed with psychology rn but I've still only taken one course and read a bunch of articles so forgive me if I get anything wrong)
According to Sigmund Freud, a personality is composed of three elements known as the id, ego, and superego.
The id is essentially your basic desires, needs, and impulses and is not affected by reality, logic, or the everyday world, as it operates within the unconscious part of the mind. It operates on a pleasure principle in which every impulse must be satisfied immediately and when the impulse is denied, a person experiences displeasure. Think of it like the devil whispering in your ear for you to do whatever you want. The id is split into two base instincts known as the Eros (life instinct) and Thanatos (death instinct). Eros helps the individual survive, directing life-sustaining activities such as respiration, eating, and sex (Freud was obsessed with sex, don't look at me he was weird af). Thanatos is essentially the destructive forces everyone has access to and when directed outwards, it is often expressed as aggression and violence. Freud believed that Eros was stronger than Thanatos, thus enabling people to survive rather than self-destruct.
However, when we look at this panel
I don't think AfO fully suppressed his id because that would make no sense since Tomura's whole thing was his hatred and desire to destroy everything stemming from 'that house'. Rather, AfO suppressed his life instinct or Eros, making it so that he was driven by his death instinct and would self-destruct and react with violence and aggression to things that he didn't like.
This is essentially what Tomura was like at the beginning when he was still being 'mentored' by AfO. He was impulsive and rash, destroying whatever he wanted without any thought for the consequences. He was also incredibly self-destructive, scratching at his skin until it bled and not taking care of his body the way he should.
But he changed, didn't he? After AfO was locked in Tartarus, he changed and matured as a person.
Which brings us to the second part of someone's personality, known as the ego. The ego develops during infancy to mediate between the unrealistic id and the real external world by finding reasonable ways to achieve the id's demands. It is the decision-making component of personality. Ideally, the ego works by reason, whereas the id is chaotic and unreasonable. Freud describes the ego as "part of the id which has been modified by the direct influence of the external world.”
This pretty much perfectly summarizes what happens to Tomura when AfO is detained and he's forced to mature and act as a true leader to their ragtag group of broke villains. He's willing to do things differently, to delay the satisfaction of doing what he wants in exchange for a more favourable outcome (which is known as delayed gratification in psychology). Like when he was working with Overhaul, he didn't particularly want to work with him and most definitely wanted to kill him but that wouldn't benefit the league in any way so he went about it in a smarter way, using the heroes' invasion to get what he wanted, which was to hurt Overhaul, and what benefited the league, which was the quirk destroying drug.
And now finally, the third element of someone's personality, is known as the superego. The superego develops during the ages of 3 to 5, incorporating the values and morals of society, which are commonly learned from one’s parents. It motivates us to behave in socially acceptable manners and is essentially there to control the id's impulses that society forbids such as violence.
In this panel
AfO calls Tenko Tomura's superego but until recently, Tenko's been caged in Tomura's head. The beliefs he'd picked up from his parents were still in his unconscious, still embedded in his actions and decisions with him being none the wiser.
Especially when you compare these two scenes.
Despite losing his hatred and grief, he's still fighting because he knows the league, his chosen family, was relying on him.
A family that looks out for one another because the heroes failed them all.
So in conclusion, AfO has been manipulating Tomura's life and personality to fit his needs and because of this, Tomura has been unstable as fuck since he was a kid and desperately needs help that I doubt he's going to be able to get before he dies.
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