#resilient ecosystems

[reasonsforhope]

"Twenty million trees will be planted and 2,500 hectares (6,178 acres) of new woodland created in the west of England as part of a "national forest" drive, the government has announced.

The Western Forest will be made up of new and existing woodlands across Gloucestershire, Wiltshire, Somerset, the Cotswolds and the Mendips as well as in urban areas such as Bristol, Swindon and Gloucester.

It will be the first of three new national forests promised by the government to help meet a legally-binding target of achieving 16.5% woodland cover in England by 2050.

However, with only 10% cover achieved so far, environmental groups have warned much more needs to be done to meet tree-planting targets.

The most recent research shows the total area of woodland across the whole of the UK is currently estimated to be 3.28m hectares.

That represents 13% of the total land area of the UK but in England just 10% is woodland.

Across the UK, the aim is for 30,000 hectares of woodland to be planted every year.

The latest annual figures show about 21,000 hectares were planted, with the vast majority in Scotland and just 5,500 hectares in England.

Andy Egan, head of conservation policy at the Woodland Trust, said there had been "significant progress" on tree planting but that there was still "much more to do" to meet the UK's targets.

He said maintaining government funding was essential.

"Successful tree planting and ongoing management needs long-term grant support," he said.

Alex Stone, chief executive of the Forest of Avon Trust, which leads the partnership behind the Western Forest project, said there were some areas in the region that currently had only 7% of land covered by trees.

"This is about bringing those areas up so we have trees where we really need them," she said.

"What we are aiming to do with the Western Forest is get to 20% of canopy cover by 2050 and, in five priority areas, we are looking at getting above 30%."

The scheme will particularly target urban areas, including Bristol, Swindon and Gloucester.

The government said it would be putting £7.5m of public money into the forest over the next five years.

It said the project would not only help the UK's drive to net zero but would also promote economic growth and create jobs in the region.

Mary Creagh, minister for nature, said she hoped the Western Forest would also "make a huge difference" to water quality, flood resilience and to wildlife as well as bringing nature "closer to people" in the region.

But she conceded there was much more to do in order to hit England's national tree-planting target.

"I am absolutely confident that we can get to where we need to get to," she said.

"Projects like this give me hope and confidence that, with everybody pulling together, working with the public sector and the private sector, we can do it." ...

The Western Forest is the first new national forest to be designated in England in 30 years, following the creation of the original National Forest across Leicestershire, Derbyshire and Staffordshire, where 9.8m trees have been planted."

-via BBC, March 20, 2025

[wachinyeya]

Published: May 16, 2025

European countries dismantled a record 542 dams, culverts, weirs and sluices that had been blocking rivers in 2024 — up 11 percent from the previous year — according to a new report from Dam Removal Europe. Last year 23 countries in Europe removed a river barrier, and for four of them — Croatia, Turkey, Bosnia and Herzegovina and the Czech Republic — it was their first time doing so. “European rivers have been fragmented by more than 1.2 million instream barriers, and more continue to be built,” the report said. “The significance of river connectivity and barrier removal has only recently been recognized at the European level, when the European Union’s Nature Restoration Regulation officially came into force on August 18, 2024, marking a significant milestone in Europe’s commitment to restoring degraded ecosystems.” The regulation set legally binding targets for restoring nature, combating biodiversity loss and enhancing climate resilience. “A key provision of the Regulation is the restoration of at least 25000 km of rivers to a free-flowing state by 2030, making it a game-changer for freshwater ecosystems and barrier removal efforts across Europe,” the report said.

[farmerstrend]

Why Smallholder Farmers in Western Kenya Are Championing Native Tree Restoration

Smallholders in Western Kenya strongly support native-tree restoration due to long-term benefits for landscape restoration, productivity and livelihoods, new research shows. Digital tools and community buy-in are successfully backing restoration projects A farmer waters seedlings along the Nzoia River in Siaya, Kenya. African nations have grand ambitions to green up landscapes with trees; the…

[yonderoo]

Alright, friends, gather 'round for a majestic tale straight from the heart of the savanna! 🐘🌿 Behold, the phenomenal elephant! 🐘✨

This grand creature, a keystone of the African wilderness, struts through the thicket with an air of wisdom and grace. Notice its immense ears, like flapping fans, which it uses to cool down under the scorching sun and communicate with its kin across vast distances. The tusks, those elegant yet formidable instruments, are not only tools for foraging but also a testament to its power and heritage.

Look at the intricate wrinkles on its skin, telling tales of years gone by. Each crease is a chapter in the epic saga of survival. The trunk, a marvelous multi-tool of evolution, serves as everything from a delicate pick to a mighty hose, combining dexterity and strength.

The gentle giant moves with surprising silence, its padded feet barely making a sound. As a protector of the flora, it plays a crucial role in shaping its ecosystem, felling trees to allow sunlight to nourish the undergrowth, creating habitats for smaller creatures.

In the soft light of the jungle, the mighty elephant is a symbol of wisdom, strength, and resilience. 🌿✨ Truly, this gentle titan is a wonder to behold, a testament to nature's grandeur.

[gsasustainability]

Keeping in mind that buildings are our built habitats; They would embody resilience and resourcefulness if collectively envisioned

An Academic Research Project for the Advanced Research Centre of the University of Glasgow under the Glasgow School of Arts and in association with the Centre for Sustainable Solutions of the University of Glasgow and GALLANT, by Shravya Dayaneni. Supervisor: Dr Simon Beeson

As cities grapple with environmental challenges ranging from dwindling resources to climate change, the need for sustainable socio-ecological inhabitation has never been more pressing. But what if, instead of merely sustaining, we aim to regenerate? The article highlights a comprehensive project intervention, through a collaboration with ‘the Advanced Research Center’ of the University of Glasgow. This project not only aims to address social, economic and environmental challenges but also enriches conventional retrofitting methods with a holistic solution for introducing interdependence and ecological democracy into organisational/ institutional spheres. It is possible to promote regeneration through the seamless integration of science, technology, fiscal prudence, and biomimicry with regenerative design. This paradigm shift to ‘Regerative Design’ requires us to look at buildings merely as built habitats, like a microdiverse environment or a nest that must solve for all of its needs.

Keywords: Ecological Integration, Biomimicry, Social Innovation, Symbiocene Adaptation, Ecosystem Services, Interdependence, Institutional Buildings, Regeneration, Design Thinking, Fiscal Mindfulness, Social-Identity Theory, Behavioral Modeling, Strategic Visualization, Resiliency, Dynamism, Holistic Design, Ecological-Social-Economic Convergence, Design Emergence

Regenerative Design; The most fascinating ‘Bio-reflective Design Paradigm’

Conventional views often perceive regenerative design goals as impractical or utopian. This project dispels such notions by marrying financial viability, environmental efficiency, and social well-being. It aims to reintroduce the principle of interdependence into modern structures, a concept illustrated by Martin Avila (2022) in his book ‘Designing for Interdependence - A Poetics of Relating’. Inspired by Bill Caplan's "Buildings Are for People - Human Ecological Design" (2016) has been invaluable in focusing attention on the human experience and in recognizing challenges as opportunities for creativity, rather than obstacles. Overall, the idea of interdependence and human-ecological design emphasizes the idea of collaboration, and how people and their environment are connected. It's about creating a relationship between people, their environment, and the structures created by them, and how they all interact to create a system that works for everyone. By reintroducing the concept of interdependence, the aim is to create a system that is more equitable, and that accounts for the human experience.

The Participatory Approach: Why Stakeholder Involvement is Crucial? Buildings are for people

Given the complexity of real-world challenges, a participatory approach involving diverse stakeholders ensures that the project stays grounded and effective. Initial consultations have set the stage for a long-term commitment to ‘ecological democracy’ as defined by Hester, R.T. (2006) and sustainable practices. It was important to delve deep into participatory methodologies, crafting a simulator tool (image in the next section) enriched with contextual theories like utilizing occupants’ motivations and socio-cultural relationships of users with the buildings such as ‘Social-Identity Theory’ Hogg (2006) as an opportunity to drive eco-responsible practices in our conventional built-environments.

A Versatile Tool: The Eco-systematic and Bio-mimetic Simulator

Developed through design synthesis, this tool serves as both a practical guide and a framework for understanding the larger ecological and social implications of built environments. The tool employed a unique "eco-systematic innovations deck," a curated set of cards containing innovative ecological concepts to service interventions thoroughly researched and colour-coded for different user personas, and a 'bio-mimetic library' for ecological visual inspirations. These elements could be laid out on a canvas that includes spaces for notes, challenges, and evaluative measures, offering a versatile tool for stakeholders. The goal was to enable the co-creation of the possible synergies for a problem or a scenario with a socio-economic-ecological convergence for all the stakeholders including, University estate management, building management, funders, users-occupants, and visitors and make it inclusive for all types of workplace-minority-groups like ‘parents’, ‘the differently-abled’ and even ‘the pet-owners’.

There are three pillars to the project

1. Navigate Opportunities: Investigate practical avenues for embedding ecosystem services within built frameworks and aligning human structures with ecosystems.

2. Maximize Benefits: Forge integrative solutions that cater to both human and non-human species, all the while respecting financial limitations, to establish a model of regeneration.

3. Visualize Possibilities: Employ design thinking to facilitate the visualization of ecological integration and civic innovation to drive informed choices for all stakeholders' management.

Toward a New Standard in Building Design

This project aims to position the ARC Building as a paradigm of ecological-social-economic convergence, laying down a blueprint for future developments in institutional architecture. We are at an inflection point where our buildings can either continue to be part of the problem or can become part of the solution. The conceptualization of this project takes a bold step in the latter direction, and it sets the stage for similar initiatives across the globe. By forging an environment where the ecological, social, and economic dimensions are considered as a unified entity, the goal is to lead the change in creating a new standard for what our built habitats could and should be.

Practical Implementation for Building Investors as well as Managers

For practical application with building owners and managers, addressing their concerns and highlighting the long-term benefits of regenerative design is crucial. It's recognized that some solutions may involve initial investments, and emphasis should be placed on how these investments can yield significant returns, not only in terms of sustainability but also in staff recruitment, welfare, happiness, productivity, and retention.

1. Emphasizing Benefits to Building Owners and Managers:

   - Staff Recruitment and Retention: The implementation of regenerative design can enhance a building's appeal as a workplace, fostering a healthier, more engaging environment that can attract and retain talented employees.

   - Productivity and Well-being: A regenerative building promotes the well-being and productivity of occupants. Improved indoor air quality, access to green spaces, and a connection to nature within the workplace are factors that enhance employee satisfaction and performance.

2. Managing Risk:

   - Quick Return on Investment: It's understood that building owners and managers may have concerns about financial implications. Many regenerative solutions offer a quick return on investment by reducing operational costs, such as energy consumption and maintenance expenses.

   - Budget and Financial Synergies: The regenerative approach aligns with budget and financial requirements, aiming to provide cost-effective solutions that don't strain financial resources but, instead, contribute to long-term savings and sustainability.

3. Realistic Expectations and User Involvement:

   - Setting Realistic Expectations: It's important to manage expectations realistically, acknowledging that not all ideas may be immediately implemented, and some may require ongoing evaluation and adaptation.

   - Inclusivity for All Users: The approach considers all users of the building, including employees from diverse backgrounds, parents, differently-abled individuals, and even pet owners. The aim is to create an inclusive environment that benefits everyone.

By addressing these concerns and emphasizing the tangible benefits of regenerative design, the adoption of these principles becomes not only practical but also highly rewarding for building owners and managers. Together, the creation of environments that are not just sustainable but truly regenerative contributes to a more resilient and prosperous future.

What Lies Ahead

The future of this project includes rigorous testing of the 'Eco-systematic and Bio-mimetic Simulator' tool, refinement based on stakeholder feedback, and eventually scaling it for broader applications. With looming climate crises and dwindling resources, it is projects like these that offer a glimmer of hope for taking the best solutions possible and a roadmap for building resilient, nurturing, and sustainable communities for the future.

Measuring Success is a crucial part

Based on stakeholder meetings with experts like Dr Jaime Toney, the Director of the Centre for Sustainable Solutions, the project intends to set forth measurable objectives and Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) that can be evaluated in two years' time.

By incorporating a holistic view that synergizes ecological, social, and economic dimensions, this project promises not just to build but to regenerate and revive built environments, making a compelling case for a more resilient and sustainable urban society and development.

Acknowledgements

A special thanks to all our stakeholders, including the Centre for Sustainable Solutions, the University of Glasgow, the GALLANT project, ARC Building Management and the Glasgow School of Arts for their invaluable insights, collaboration and ongoing commitment to Responsible Development. And a shoutout to Dr Simon Beeson and Dr Michael Pierre Johnson for guiding the project.

[greenthestral]

Unveiling the Secrets of Life Below Water: Goal 14 for a Sustainable Future

In our journey towards achieving a sustainable future, Goal 14 of the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) plays a pivotal role. Life Below Water, as it is commonly referred to, focuses on the preservation and sustainable use of oceans, seas, and marine resources. With this goal, the international community aims to safeguard marine ecosystems, mitigate the impacts of human activities, and promote sustainable livelihoods for coastal communities. This article delves into the significance of Goal 14, explores the challenges faced, and highlights the initiatives that can help us ensure a healthier and more vibrant life below water.

Understanding the Importance of Goal 14

The Earth's oceans are vast and cover more than 70% of the planet's surface. They are teeming with life and harbor a remarkable diversity of species and ecosystems. From the mesmerizing coral reefs to the mysterious depths of the abyss, the oceans are a treasure trove of biodiversity, supporting millions of species, including plants, animals, and microorganisms.

Beyond their ecological significance, the oceans play a crucial role in regulating the Earth's climate. They act as a massive heat sink, absorbing a significant amount of the sun's energy and distributing it across the planet. Additionally, oceans play a vital role in the water cycle, facilitating the evaporation of water, which then falls as precipitation and sustains terrestrial ecosystems.

The oceans are not only important for the environment but also for human societies. They provide sustenance to millions of people around the world. Fishing, both for subsistence and commercial purposes, is a primary source of livelihood for coastal communities. The oceans also support economic activities such as tourism, shipping, and offshore industries, contributing significantly to global economies.

However, the delicate balance of marine ecosystems is under threat due to various human activities. Overfishing, driven by unsustainable practices and the demand for seafood, has led to the depletion of fish stocks worldwide. Large-scale industrial fishing, with destructive methods such as bottom trawling, threatens not only the targeted species but also the entire marine food web.

Marine pollution is another significant challenge faced by the oceans. Pollution from land-based sources, including plastic waste, chemicals, oil spills, and agricultural runoff, finds its way into the marine environment, causing severe harm to marine life and ecosystems. The accumulation of plastic debris in the oceans has reached alarming levels, forming giant garbage patches and causing entanglement and ingestion by marine organisms.

Habitat destruction and degradation are also taking a toll on marine ecosystems. Destructive practices such as coral reef destruction, coastal development, and the destruction of mangroves and seagrass beds result in the loss of critical habitats and the disruption of delicate ecological relationships. These habitats serve as nurseries and breeding grounds for many species, and their loss has far-reaching consequences for marine biodiversity.

Furthermore, climate change poses one of the most significant threats to life below water. Rising sea temperatures, ocean acidification, and sea-level rise are already impacting marine ecosystems. Corals, which are vital for the survival of countless marine species, are particularly vulnerable to rising temperatures and increased ocean acidity, leading to coral bleaching events and the degradation of coral reefs.

In recognition of the urgent need to protect and sustainably manage marine resources, Goal 14 of the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) was established. Also known as Life Below Water, this goal aims to ensure the conservation and sustainable use of the oceans, seas, and marine resources for present and future generations.

Goal 14 encompasses various targets and indicators to guide efforts towards sustainable ocean management. One of the key focuses is the protection and restoration of coral reefs, which are among the most diverse and valuable ecosystems on Earth. Coral reefs provide habitat for numerous species, protect coastlines from erosion, and support vibrant tourism industries. By implementing measures to reduce coral bleaching, enhance reef resilience, and combat destructive practices, Goal 14 seeks to safeguard these vital ecosystems.

Another critical aspect of Goal 14 is the reduction of marine pollution. It calls for the prevention and significant reduction of marine debris, particularly plastic waste. Efforts are being made to promote better waste management systems, recycling and reusing plastics, and raising awareness about the detrimental effects of single-use plastics. Innovative technologies for ocean cleanup are also being developed to tackle existing pollution.

To address the issue of overfishing, Goal 14 emphasizes the need to restore fish stocks to sustainable levels. This involves implementing science-based management plans, combating illegal, unreported, and unregulated fishing, and promoting responsible fishing practices. Creating marine protected areas and adopting ecosystem-based management approaches can help protect critical habitats and ensure the long-term viability of fisheries.

Furthermore, Goal 14 acknowledges the urgent need to address ocean acidification, which poses a grave risk to marine organisms. By reducing carbon dioxide emissions and taking steps to enhance the resilience of marine ecosystems, such as protecting mangroves and seagrass beds, this goal aims to mitigate the impacts of ocean acidification and ensure the survival of vulnerable species.

Achieving Goal 14 requires a collaborative effort from governments, businesses, civil society organizations, and individuals worldwide. International cooperation is crucial to strengthen governance frameworks, regulate resource exploitation, combat illegal fishing, and promote sustainable practices. By taking collective action and embracing sustainable approaches, we can secure a healthier and more vibrant future for life below water.

Challenges and Threats to Life Below Water

The life below water faces a multitude of challenges that require immediate attention and concerted efforts. Overfishing, driven by unsustainable practices and illegal, unreported, and unregulated fishing, has led to a decline in fish stocks worldwide. The loss of biodiversity affects not only marine ecosystems but also the communities that depend on them for food security and economic opportunities.

Marine pollution poses another significant threat. Plastic waste, chemicals, oil spills, and other pollutants contaminate the oceans, harming marine life and ecosystems. The accumulation of plastic debris, in particular, has gained global attention due to its devastating impact on marine organisms and the potential consequences for human health through the food chain.

Ocean acidification, caused by the absorption of excess carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, poses a grave risk to marine organisms such as corals, shellfish, and plankton. Acidic waters can hinder the growth and survival of these organisms, disrupting the entire marine food web and impacting the livelihoods of coastal communities.

 Initiatives and Solutions for a Sustainable Life Below Water

Achieving Goal 14 requires a comprehensive approach involving governments, businesses, civil society, and individuals. Several initiatives and solutions have emerged to address the challenges faced by life below water:

Sustainable Fisheries Management: Implementing science-based management plans, promoting responsible fishing practices, and combating illegal fishing are crucial steps towards replenishing fish stocks and ensuring the long-term sustainability of fisheries. Tools like marine protected areas and ecosystem-based management help preserve critical habitats and protect biodiversity.

Marine Pollution Prevention: Reducing plastic pollution and other sources of marine debris is vital. This can be achieved through improved waste management systems, recycling and reusing plastics, and raising awareness about the consequences of single-use plastics. Additionally, promoting the use of biodegradable alternatives and supporting innovative technologies for ocean cleanup can help mitigate the impact of existing pollution.

Climate Change Mitigation and Adaptation: Addressing climate change is fundamental to preserving life below water. Transitioning to renewable energy sources, reducing greenhouse gas emissions, and promoting sustainable coastal development are essential steps in mitigating the impacts of climate change on marine ecosystems. Additionally, enhancing the resilience of coastal communities through measures such as mangrove restoration, coastal protection, and sustainable tourism can aid adaptation efforts.

International Cooperation and Governance: Collaboration among nations is crucial for the effective implementation of Goal 14. Strengthening international frameworks, such as the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS), and promoting regional cooperation can help combat illegal fishing, regulate resource exploitation, and ensure the sustainable use of marine resources.

Conclusion

Preserving life below water is not only crucial for the health of our oceans but also for the overall well-being of our planet. Goal 14 provides a roadmap for sustainable ocean management, aiming to conserve marine biodiversity, mitigate pollution, and promote the sustainable use of marine resources. By taking action at individual, local, and global levels, we can make a significant difference in ensuring a healthier and more vibrant future for life below water. Let us join hands and work together to safeguard the oceans for generations to come.

[theresilientphilosopher]

Discover the surprising pros and cons of Japanese beetles. Learn how to manage them sustainably and reflect on their lessons for leadership and resilience.

[anandnataraj]

The Hidden Co-Founders: Israeli Spouses & The Kitchen Cabinet

While we often talk about venture capital, tech units, and risk-taking culture when describing Israel’s startup ecosystem, there’s a silent powerhouse that rarely gets enough credit: the spouses.When Israel was founded in 1948, it was built in the middle of constant conflict and war. Men often had to volunteer or were called away for military service, leaving farms, family businesses, and shops…

[delicatelysublimeforester]

Saskatoon’s Wild Stats

[naturalscientist]

How Grasslands Fight Drought!  #sciencefather #plantcommunity #scientist 

In a semi-arid grassland 🌾, the responses of plant communities to droughts 🌵 change when exposed to warming 🔥 and nitrogen addition 💨. Over time, as droughts become recurrent 🌞➡️🌞, the resistance (how well plants can endure stress) and resilience (how quickly they recover) of these communities vary significantly. Warming tends to amplify drought stress 🌡️, often reducing plant resistance, while nitrogen addition can sometimes boost recovery by enhancing nutrient availability 🌱✨. However, the combined effects are complex 🧩, and their influence can shift with repeated drought cycles, highlighting the dynamic and adaptive nature of plant communities in the face of climate change 🌍🔄.

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[leonbasinwriter]

Explore Where Knowledge Becomes Craft in System Building

@leonbasinwriter 🛠️ Builder Guild Artifact: The Living Forge A framework for creating resilient, adaptive systems RITUAL The System-Building Ritual: “Heart of the Mountain” The Gathering of Stone: The Builder begins by sourcing raw data and foundational principles. This isn’t mere collection, but a communion with the ‘stone’ of information, feeling its weight, texture, and potential. The…

[omegaphilosophia]

The Philosophy of The Ant

The philosophy of the ant examines the behaviors, social structures, and symbolic meanings of ants as a lens for exploring broader philosophical themes such as community, cooperation, individuality, and purpose. Ants, as creatures that display remarkable collective intelligence and social organization, inspire reflection on the nature of society, ethics, and even metaphysics.

Key Themes:

Collectivism and Social Organization

Ant colonies are often seen as archetypes of collectivism, where the individual serves the whole. This raises philosophical questions about the balance between individual autonomy and the needs of the community.

The division of labor within ant colonies offers a metaphor for specialization and cooperation in human societies.

Purpose and Function

Ants appear to act with unwavering purpose, each contributing to the colony's survival. This prompts existential questions about purpose in life: Do humans have an inherent purpose, or is it constructed?

Philosophers might ask whether the ant's instinct-driven behavior mirrors deterministic views of human action or contrasts with notions of free will.

Egalitarianism vs. Hierarchy

Ant colonies exhibit both egalitarian cooperation and strict hierarchical roles (e.g., worker ants, queens). Philosophically, this duality can reflect on human systems of governance and leadership.

The selflessness of worker ants challenges individualistic frameworks and suggests alternative ways of envisioning ethical action.

Resilience and Adaptability

Ants are known for their ability to overcome obstacles and adapt to changing environments. This resilience can inspire reflections on human perseverance and the philosophical idea of flourishing (eudaimonia).

Philosophers might also consider the ant as a model of stoicism: enduring and thriving despite external challenges.

Scale and Perspective

From a human perspective, ants are small and insignificant, yet their complex societies reveal profound order. This duality invites questions about scale and significance in the universe.

Ants’ interactions with their environment may also serve as a metaphor for humanity’s relationship with nature and the interconnectedness of all life.

Ants as a Symbol of Unity and Selflessness

In cultural and literary contexts, ants often symbolize hard work, diligence, and collective unity. Philosophers might explore how these traits are valued in ethical and aesthetic theories.

The self-sacrifice of ants in defense of their colony parallels discussions on altruism and the ethical implications of prioritizing the greater good.

Ants and Artificial Intelligence

The decentralized decision-making of ants, often studied in swarm intelligence, parallels ideas in artificial intelligence and robotics. Philosophical discussions about emergent behavior, intelligence, and consciousness often draw on such natural models.

Mythology and Symbolism

Ants hold symbolic significance in various cultures, representing patience, industriousness, and resourcefulness. Philosophically, these attributes provoke reflection on human virtues and their roles in ethical living.

The philosophy of the ant provides a rich metaphorical and analytical framework for exploring fundamental questions about existence, society, and ethics. Through the lens of the ant, one can examine themes of unity, purpose, and the interplay between individual and collective good, offering insights into both human life and the natural world.

[akashyadavgrowth]

https://growbilliontrees.com/blogs/inspirational-stories/sunita-narain-tree-championing-green-solutions-and-planting-hope-for-a-sustainable-plan

[bywatergal]

I don’t like advertising that we’re strong during the continuous downfall of twitter, but i do like proving pukicho right

Puki will you leave tumblr because everyone’s acting like it’s dead now :(

oh yeah its SO dead.

1000 notes this post. Now