#AC Current Sensor

[mlqueen89]

Glossary of Terms linked to (i love you) it's ruining my life - jake "hangman" seresin x f!oc

Ace (Flying Ace or Fighter Ace) = Military aviator credited with shooting down five or more enemy aircraft during aerial combat.

Avionics = Advanced processors and networking systems to fiber optics and conformal wideband antennas, etc.

Bandit = an aircraft identified and verified as enemy.

Bogey = radar or visual contact whose identity is unknown and not yet verified as an enemy. Bogey can also be a friendly once identified.

Break (right/left) = when an aircraft is instructed to sharply turn left/right, essentially "breaking" away from its current flight path to the left/right side

HUD = "Head-Up Display," for fighter pilots is a transparent screen in the cockpit that projects critical flight information directly into the pilot's line of sight, allowing them to view essential data like airspeed, altitude, heading, and weapon targeting details without needing to look away from the outside environment, maintaining situational awareness during flight operations. 

Lt. = Lieutenant (rank)

Lt. Cmdr = Lieutenant Commander (rank)

LTJG = Lieutenant Junior Grade (rank)

Preflight checks = a thorough inspection that pilots perform on an aircraft before each flight, meticulously examining its exterior, systems, controls, and documentation to ensure it is in a safe condition to fly, identifying any potential issues that could compromise flight safety by checking for damage, fluid levels, proper functionality of components, and reviewing necessary paperwork.

Qual(ification) hop = refers to a flight performed by a pilot to demonstrate proficiency in a specific skill or maneuver required for certification or qualification. In the military aviation world, pilots must complete these hops to be officially qualified to perform certain missions, fly specific aircraft, or execute advanced tactics.

RADM = Rear Admiral (rank)

RIO = Radar Intercept Officer (now known as WSO)

SAM(s) = Surface to Air Missile(s)

Splash = typically refers to the moment of impact when a bomb or missile hits its target, essentially signifying the detonation or "splash" of the explosive upon contact.

Tally = communication used to tell a controller they are about to engage enemy aircraft. Also used to announce to the squadron leader (or other person of command in the flight) the spotting of an enemy aircraft.

Telemetry = the collection of data from a remote and usually fast-moving device for measurement purposes. It is used in aircraft/missile testing to track moving objects in action or collect data provided by instruments and sensors on the test object.

Tone = fighter pilot speak for a missile or weapons lock. When a pilot is tracking a target the computer will beeping as it acquires a lock-on, which changes to a continuous tone when lock is established.

VFA = Strike Fighter Squadron

Weapons envelope = the area around the bandit where your missiles or gun can be effective.

WSO = Weapons System Operator (formerly known as RIO)

NATOPS F-18 Manual

Am I missing any? Send me an ask!

[stevebattle]

Moonlight Special MS-I (1978) by Art Boland, Ron Dilbeck, Philip Stover, Roy Kelly, Timothy Harrington, and James Thomas, Battelle Northwest Laboratories, WA. IEEE Spectrum launched the Amazing Micro-Mouse Maze Contest in May 1977, competitors were challenged to design and construct a self-contained "thinking mouse" that could solve a 10′ by 10′ maze. MS-I has four levels of intelligence as shown in the second image above. Level 1 provides basic movement, interfacing with the mouse's two motors and sensors to turn left, turn right, go straight, or turn around. Also included at level 1 is the guidance control necessary to prevent contact with the maze walls. Level 2 interprets lower level sensor readings, keeping track of the mouse's current position in the maze, and controlling motion where there is no choice such as corners. Level 3 processes maze junctions with multiple choices, handling new junctions by choosing a direction at random. In MS-I, level 4 provides the mouse the ability to learn from one pass to the next.

"At the first time trial, MS-I was found to be sensitive to the strong incandescent booth lights and those of the local CBS television videotaping crew, which emit heavily in the infrared region and blinded its optical sensors. The sensors have now been AC coupled and modulated to provide better immunity to such light." – Three amazing micromice: hitherto undisclosed details, by Roger Allan, IEEE spectrum November 1978.

[britishassistant]

The latest soul searching fic was very cool!

I do wonder how the other halves felt during the electrocution though.

Poor Vil, Idia, and Sebek.

I can'g help but imagine Idia wondering if there's some loose wire somewhere as he checks his setup and tech, frantically denies that it could be a soulmate thing.

I wonder if Sebek would be less affected because his UM does involve lightning. Probably scolds Ace after haha

Thank you for your ask, dear anon!

I do like to think that folks in Twisted Wonderland do actually have a small level of resistance to magical damage, which increases slightly if you have magic yourself. Not enough to make it not hurt or prevent it from injuring you, but enough to let them bounce back slightly quicker than a non Twisted Wonderland person would.

Yuu, as a regular-ass human from a very nonmagical world, does not have any such protection. This is why they’re knocked almost doo-lally by the shock while Deuce is able to pull them behind him for protection.

(Yes, Azul does get the full brunt of their injuries rather than being cushioned by his own natural protections)

For poor Vil, Idia, and Sebek, it still hurt like a bitch though.

Idia

“This isn’t happening.”

“No loose wires or burnt fuses detected in your monitor either, Nii-san! With this, my sensors have reconfirmed that the source of Nii-san’s shock is not located in this room!”

“M-maybe a third scan, just to be sure? I-it could still be my controller…”

“But Nii-san, you’ve been complaining of headaches and scalp pain despite optimum hydration and low stress levels. Plus, the ice damage inflicted on your hands yesterday is not something that can be attributed to anything you interacted with.”

“Aaah, why did this have to happen to me? This is a hate crime against NEETs. Jail for soulmate for 1000 years.”

“Given the current situation on campus, there is a 99.89% possibility that your soulmate is involved with Azul Ashengrotto’s mass contracting. As fellow board game club members, you could—”

“No way. I’m not making any deals with Azul-sshi to save some normie. If they fucked around with him, then they can find out and perish.”

“But Nii-san, won’t that just mean more injuries will be inflicted on you?”

“…”

“Nii-san.”

Vil

“Please explain to me, one more time, why exactly I felt my soulmate get electrocuted in the middle of a shoot.”

“…m’sorry.”

“I don’t want apologies, Jack. I want to know who I need to sue into oblivion.”

“We were just tryin’ to nab a contract—”

“So it’s Ashengrotto, is it? I was willing to overlook my underclassmen’s foolishness, but if the little slime thinks he can attack you and get away with it—!”

“Vil, we’re dealing with it. The Prefect—”

“I don’t care about the Prefect, I care about you. You’re a good man, Jack, but you should not have to feel as though you need to right every wrong you come across. Or that you can’t turn to me to help you do so.”

“…”

“…heh. Wagging your tail like that won’t get you out of this.”

“Shut up, it’s not—it does it on its own! I can’t help it!”

“Of course, my dear.”

Sebek

“HUMAN!!!”

“Gah!”

“How could you be so careless?! When you received that shock, I was standing close to waka-sama and Lilia-sama!! What would have happened if it had transferred to them from me?!!”

“Wow, great to know where your priorities are. No ‘what happened to you, Ace’, ‘is my cool and handsome soulmate okay’, ‘what—’”

“Of course you’re okay! Even if you’re a human, there’s no way something as small as that would truly harm you. You’re my soulmate after all.”

“…still be nice to get some appreciation after all this shit…”

“I will not appreciate a man who has stepped into this folly with his own two feet!…I-in addition, Lilia-sama has informed me that anticipation is the strongest motivator for success.”

“Ha? What’s that supposed to mean? What, you gonna give me a kiss if we beat Azul tomorrow?”

“!!”

“O-oh. Oh, shit, you’re really red, o-oi Sebek, were you—?”

“SILENCE, HUMAN!!!!!”

[stefanelectric]

Low Voltage Relays Explained: Types, Functions, and Applications

In the complex world of electrical systems, relays play a crucial role in ensuring safety, efficiency, and automation. Among these, low voltage relays stand out as versatile components that manage and protect circuits operating below 1000 volts. Whether in industrial automation, residential power distribution, or commercial infrastructure, these devices act as the nerve center of electrical control and protection.

In this comprehensive guide, we will break down what low voltage relays are, explore their types, explain their functions, and highlight their diverse applications across industries.

What Are Low Voltage Relays?

A low voltage relay is an electrically operated switch that uses a small control voltage (typically below 1000V AC or DC) to switch larger electrical loads on and off. These relays act as intermediaries between control circuits and power circuits, providing isolation, control, and protection.

Unlike manual switches, relays automate the process of circuit management, responding to electrical signals, fault conditions, or system commands without human intervention.

Types of Low Voltage Relays

Low voltage relays come in several forms, each tailored to specific tasks within an electrical system. Here are the main types:

1. Electromechanical Relays (EMRs)

· Use a coil and a movable armature to open or close contacts.

· Provide physical isolation between input and output.

· Common in traditional control panels and basic automation.

2. Solid-State Relays (SSRs)

· Use semiconductors (like thyristors or triacs) instead of mechanical contacts.

· Offer silent operation, faster switching, and longer lifespan.

· Ideal for high-speed applications and environments requiring low maintenance.

3. Overload Relays

· Specifically designed to protect motors and equipment from sustained overcurrent.

· Available as thermal overload relays (using bimetallic strips) or electronic overload relays (using sensors and processors).

4. Time Delay Relays

Provide a deliberate time lag between the relay receiving a signal and switching.

Used in motor control circuits, lighting systems, and sequential operations.

5. Overcurrent and Short-Circuit Relays

· Detect and react to current exceeding preset thresholds.

· Essential for system protection against faults and overloads.

6. Voltage Monitoring Relays

· Monitor voltage levels and trip when voltages fall below or rise above safe limits.

· Protect sensitive devices from under voltage and overvoltage conditions.

Functions of Low Voltage Relays

Low voltage relays serve multiple vital functions in electrical systems:

1. Switching and Control

Relays control the opening and closing of power circuits in response to low voltage signals from controllers, timers, or sensors. This enables remote and automated control of large electrical loads.

2. Protection

Relays detect abnormal conditions like overloads, overcurrent, under voltage, and phase failures. When such conditions arise, they disconnect the affected circuit to prevent equipment damage or fire hazards.

3. Isolation

They electrically isolate control circuits (usually low voltage, low current) from power circuits (high voltage, high current), ensuring safety and reducing interference.

4. Signal Amplification

A small control signal (from a PLC, sensor, or microcontroller) can trigger a relay to switch much larger loads, effectively amplifying the control power.

5. Automation and Sequencing

In complex systems, relays help sequence operations by ensuring that processes occur in the correct order and at the right time intervals.

Applications of Low Voltage Relays

Low voltage relays are the backbone of automation and protection in various industries. Here are some key application areas:

Industrial Automation

· Control of motors, pumps, conveyor belts, and production lines.

· Use in programmable logic controllers (PLCs) and distributed control systems (DCS).

Power Distribution Systems

· Protect electrical panels from overload and short circuits.

· Monitor voltage and current levels in distribution boards.

Building Automation

· Lighting control systems.

· HVAC (heating, ventilation, and air conditioning) systems.

· Elevator and escalator controls.

Renewable Energy Systems

· Manage and protect solar inverters, battery banks, and wind turbines.

· Automatically disconnect faulty sections to prevent system-wide failures.

Data Centers and IT Infrastructure

· Ensure stable power supply to servers and networking equipment.

· Protect sensitive electronics from voltage fluctuations.

Transportation

· Railways, metros, and automotive applications for control and safety circuits.

Home Appliances

· Found in washing machines, microwave ovens, and HVAC units to automate functions and provide protection.

Advantages of Using Low Voltage Relays

· Enhanced Safety: Isolate control and power circuits, reducing electrical shock risks.

· Automation Ready: Easily integrated into automated systems for smarter operation.

· Cost-Effective Protection: Safeguard expensive equipment from damage due to electrical faults.

· Versatile: Available in many forms to suit different voltage levels, currents, and response times.

· Reduced Maintenance: Especially with solid-state relays, which have no moving parts.

Future Trends: Smart Relays and IoT Integration

As industries move toward smart grids and Industry 4.0, low voltage relays are also evolving:

· Digital relays offer programmable settings, self-testing, and event recording.

· IoT-enabled relays can send status updates and alerts to centralized monitoring systems.

· Energy-efficient designs reduce power consumption while providing reliable protection.

Conclusion

Low voltage relays are indispensable in modern electrical engineering, seamlessly combining protection, control, and automation. From safeguarding your home appliances to managing the power in a sprawling industrial plant, these devices ensure that electrical systems run smoothly and safely.

Understanding the different types, functions, and applications of low voltage relays empowers system designers, engineers, and even DIY enthusiasts to build safer and more efficient electrical setups.

As technology advances, the role of these small but mighty devices will only grow, driving the future of safe, smart, and automated power systems.

[sweet7simple]

Terms and definitions that you can maybe apply to your fan works

I don't know anything about computer or mechanical engineering (it's very funny to me that I am in the Transformers fandom and I don't even care about cars), but I do care about improving my writing. I have gathered a list of terms that sound very sciencey and applicable to mechs, some from Martha Wells's "Murderbot Diaries," some from fanfiction/fandom (shout-out to the Crime in Crystals series by Aard_Rinn and Baebeyza, they wrote Transformers better than any Transformers comic/TV show did), and a lot from just surfing through Google and going, "well, what the hell is this? Okay, but what the hell is THAT?".

Also, as I was writing this post, I ended up getting sucked into this article:

And this really bloated my already long list of terms. Very easy to read if you want to glance it over yourself.

It's not an exhaustive list and who knows if it will be useful to you - but maybe you can reblog with your own add-ons of terms and definitions you think make a Transformers fan work just that much better.

The list is below the cut:

100% CPU Load - CPU is fully occupied with too many processors/applications/drivers/operations - not necessarily synonymous with an overload.

Actuators* - A device that causes a machine or other device to operate (Ex: a computerized unit instructs the actuator how to move the tires on a vehicle); create linear and rotary movement (Ex: A hydraulic actuator on a valve will move that valve in response to a sensor/signal); Linear actuators "move a piston back and forth inside a cylinder to build pressure and 'actuate', or complete an action".

* Think of actuators as devices that help produce linear motion and motors as devices that help produce rotational movement. Hence, some consider actuators as a type of motor. But a motor is not a type of actuator (jhfoster.com).

Alternator - Converts mechanical energy to electrical energy with an alternating current. The stator and rotor inside the alternator work as magnets and rotate to generate the alternating current. Then the alternating current (AC) is transformed into a direct current (DC) that charges the battery.

Archive (Archive files) - used to collect multiple data files together into a single file for easier portability and storage, or simply to compress files to use less storage space.

Arithmetic Log Unit (ALU) - the part of a central processing unit that carries out arithmetic and logic operations on the operands in computer instruction words. In some processors, the ALU is divided into two units: an arithmetic unit (AU) and a logic unit (LU).

Augment - Make something greater; increase.

Auxiliary Battery - Designed to run as a backup to the starting battery and provide power to some essential equipment like engine start/stop and other systems that require power while the engine is off to put less strain on the main battery and alternator.

Bandwidth - A measurement indicating the maximum capacity of a wired or wireless communications link to transmit data over a network connection in a given amount of time.

Behavioral Coding - A term used in Martha Wells' Murderbot Diaries; essential, code for behaviors.

Branch Instructions - Use programming elements like if-statements, for-loops, and return-statements; used to interrupt the program execution and switch to a different part of the code.

Branch Predictors - Track the status of previous branches to learn whether or not an upcoming branch is likely to be taken or not.

Buffer - A region of memory used to store data temporarily while it is being moved from one place to another.

Cathodes vs Anodes - Cathodes are the positive electrode while the anode is the negative electrode; electrons flow from the anode to the cathode and this creates the flow of electric charge in a battery or electrochemical cell.

Catastrophic Failure - Complete, sudden and unexpected breakdown in a machine, indicating improper maintenance.

Central Processing Unit (CPU) - Primary component of a computer that acts as its "control center"; complex set of circuitry that runs the machine's operating systems and apps; the brains of the computer. * Components: Instruction Set Architecture (ISA), Control Unit (CU), Datapath, Instruction Cycle, Registers, Combinational Logic, the Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU), etc...

Clock - Determines how many instructions a CPU can process per second; increasing its frequency through overclocking will make instructions run faster, but will increase power consumption and heat output.

Combustion Chambers - An enclosed space in which combustion takes place, such as an engine; jet engines also have combustion chambers.

Condition Codes - Extra bits kept by a processor that summarize the results of an operation and that affect the execution of later instructions.

Control Bus - Manages the communication between the computer's CPU and its other components.

Control Unit (CU) - Manages the execution of instructions and coordinates data flow within the CPU and between other computer components.

Cybermetal - Element native to Cybertron and Cybertron alone.

Datapath - The path where data flows as it is processed; receives input, processes it, and sends it out to the right place when done processing; datapaths are told how to operate by the CU; depending on instructions, a datapath can route signals to different components, turn on and off different parts of itself, and monitor the state of the CPU.

Diagnostic and Data Repair Sequence - Term used in Martha Wells' Murderbot Diaries; exactly what it sounds like.

Diode - A semiconductor device with two terminals (a cathode and an anode), typically allowing the flow of current in one direction only.

Discrete Circuit vs Integrated Circuit- Single device with a single function (ex: Transistor, diode) vs Devices with multiple functional elements on one chip (ex: Memories, microprocessor IC and Logic IC).

Drivers - A set of files that help software (digital components, such as Microsoft Office) interface/work with hardware (physical components, such as a keyboard); allows an operating system and a device to communicate.

Electromagnetic (EM) Field - A combination of invisible electric and magnetic fields of force; used in fandom by mechs to broadcast emotions to others.

Flags - A value that acts as a signal for a function or process. The value of the flag is used to determine the next step of a program; flags are often binary flags which contain a boolean value (true or false).

Full Authority Digital Engine Control (FADEC) - Consists of an electronic control unit (ECU) and related accessors that control aircraft engine performances.

Gestation Tank - Used in mech pregnancies, you can pry it from my cold, dead hands.

Heads Up Display (HUD) - A part of the user interface that visually conveys information to the player during gameplay.

Heat Spreader - Often used in computer processors to prevent them from overheating during operation; transfers energy as heat from a hotter source to a colder heat sink or heat exchanger.

HUB - A device that connects multiple computers and devices to a local area network (LAN).

Inductive Charging - How I imagine berths work; wireless power transfer (ex: Wireless charger or charging pad used for phones).

Instruction Cycle - Also known as fetch-decode-execute cycle; basic operation performed by a CPU to execute an instruction; consists of several steps, each of which performs a specific function in the execution of the instruction.

Instruction Set Architecture (ISA) - The figurative blueprint for how the CPU operates and how all the internal systems interact with each other (I think of it like a blueprint for the brain).

Irising - Term used in fanfiction (specifically the Crime in Crystals series) to describe the action of the of the spark chamber opening ("The Talk", chapter 6, my absolute favorite chapter out of the entire series). I just really liked how the word sounded in that context.

Life Codes - "For those of us who were forged, Primus, through Vector Sigma, generated a pulse wave. Each one a data-saturated life code faster than thought, brighter than light, racing across Cybertron, sowing sparks..." (~Tyrest/Solomus, Volume 5 of More Than Meets the Eye)

Memory Hierarchy - Represents the relationship between caches, RAM, and main storage; when a CPU receives a memory instruction for a piece of data that it doesn't yet have locally in its registers, it will go down the memory hierarchy until it finds it.

Levels: L1 cache (usually smallest and fastest), L2 cache, L3 cache, RAM, and then main storage (usually biggest and slowest); available space and latency (delay) increase from one level to the next

Depending on the multi-core (a core is usually synonymous with a CPU) system, each core will have its own private L1 cache, share an L2 with one other core, and share an L3 with more or more cores.

Motors* - Any power unit that generates motion; electric motors work by converting electrical energy into mechanical energy... when this happens within a magnetic field, a force is generated which causes shaft rotation.

Multitasking Operating System - Allows users to run multiple programs and tasks almost simultaneously without losing data; manage system resources (such as computer memory and input/output devices), allocate resources, enable multiple users, and eliminate long wait times for program execution.

Network - A set of computers sharing resources located on or provided by network nodes. Computers use common communication protocols over digital interconnections to communicate with each other.

Network Feed - The continuously updating stream of content that users encounter on networking platforms.

Neural Network - A type of machine learning process that uses interconnected nodes (like neurons) to teach computers to process data in a way similar to the human brain; a form of deep learning that can help computers learn from their mistakes and improve their time.

Nimbus - A luminous cloud or a halo surrounding a supernatural being or a saint; has been used in fanfiction synonymously or in junction with the corona of the spark.

Nodes - A connection point between devices that allows data to be sent and received between them.

Oil Sump/Oil Pan - Don't forget to change your mech's oil.

Out-Of-Order Execution - A paradigm used to minimize downtime while waiting for other instructions to finish; allows a CPU to choose the most timely instructions to execute out of an instruction queue.

Overload - Orgasm; an electrical overload occurs when too much electricity passes through a circuit, exceeding its capacity; an information overload is when a system receives more input than it can process, or a state of being overwhelmed by the amount of data presented for processing.

Pedes - Feet

Pipelining - A technique used in computer architecture that allows a processor to execute multiple instructions simultaneously, improving overall performance.

Processing Capacity - The ability and speed of a processor, and how many operations it can carry out in a given amount of time.

Program Counter - A special register in a computer processor that contains the memory address (location) of the next program instruction to be executed.

Programmable Nanobots/Nanites - Cybertronian microbots programmed to do work at the molecular level; used popularly for surface healing and pigment in mechs.

Protected Storage - Provides applications with an interface to store user data that must be kept secure or free from modification; a storage method; a function in mainframe hardware.

Protoform - Formed of an ultra-dense liquid metal and are extremely hard to damage; the most basic Cybertronian form of raw, free-flowing living metal; first stage of Cybertronian life cycle

To create a Cybertronian, you need the protoform, the life-giving spark, and alt-form information.

Register - A type of computer memory built directly into the processor or CPU that is used to store and manipulate data during the execution of instructions.

Ex: "When you run a .exe on Windows... the code for that program is moved into memory and the CPU is told what address the first instruction starts at. The CPU always maintains an internal register that holds the memory location of the next instruction to be executed [the Program Counter]"...

Resource Allocations - The process of identifying and assigning available resources to a task or project to support objectives.

Risk Assessment - Focus on identifying the threats facing your information systems, networks, and data and assessing the potential consequences should these adverse events occur.

Routine - A component of a software application that performs a specific task (ex: Saving a file).

Servomechanism - A powered mechanism producing motion or force at a higher level of energy than the input level (ex: In the brakes and steering of large motor vehicles) especially where feedback is employed to make the control automatic.

Servos - Hands

Shellcode - A small piece of executable code used as a payload, built to exploit vulnerabilities in a system or carry out malicious commands. The name comes from the fact that the shellcode usually starts a command shell which allows the attacker to control the compromised machine.

Semiconductor - A material used in electrical circuits and components that partially conduct electricity.

Semiconductor materials include silicon, germanium, and selenium.

Struts - Bones; A rod or bar forming part of a framework and designed to resist compression.

System/System Unit (in computers) - A setup that consists of both hardware and software components organized to perform complex operations/The core of your computer where all the processing happens.

Task Specific Accelerator - Circuits designed to perform one small task as fast as possible (ex: Encription, media encoding & machine learning).

Teek - Used in Transformers fandom in conjunction with EM Fields; when a mech "teeks" another mech's field, they are feeling the emotions that mech is broadcasting.

Transistor - Enables a computer to follow instructions to calculate, compare and copy data.

Universal Serial Bus (USB) - A standard plug-and-play interface that allows computers and peripheral devices to connect with each other, transfer data, and share a power source; allows data exchange and delivery of power between many types of electronics; plug-and-play interface is also a type of sexual activity used in fandom.

Warren - Used to refer to a group of minibots with their own social hierarchy and culture (Seriously, read the Crime in Crystals series, it's better than canon).

[enepaigos]

Navigation post I've been meaning to do for a while...!

Inbox: Asks and DMs are open, however I'm very socially awkward when it comes text chat. I also use speech-to-text a lot due to a learning disability. The speech-to-text hates my accent, so don't be surprised if there's any grammar issues. So don't expect anything fast. Requests? Why not..? I'm kind of slow artist so I might use use them as 5-minute challenges. We'll see. Also, please be polite and just use common sense if you have it. Anonymous will always be an option if you need it. One more thing, don't come into my asks just to start a fight. I'm just going to block and delete those.

Warnings: There may be an occasional horror illustration here or there, but usually expect those to come around Halloween. I haven't gotten too far into disturbing stuff yet, but it might happen. Also, I might swear. However this f****** speech to text tends to auto sensor a lot. So maybe don't worry?

Commissions: will be a separate post when I can stop procrastinating on info sheets. For right now closed.

Current hyper fixations: sewing, live 2D, Twisted Wonderland, Splatoon, and Sonic.

My stuff: (I'll add links later, I just want to post this and get over with) art tag, asks, OCs, Dragon Ace au, sewing stuff, headcannons.

Other socials:

https://bsky.app/profile/enepaigos.bsky.social

https://ko-fi.com/enepaigos

https://www.instagram.com/enepaigos/

Note: still a couple things I need to add, but my AuADHD is like "do it later, we're tired." Executive dysfunction at its finest.

[unova-ace-of-sharp]

Pinned Post Real?

Hi all! I’m AceOfSharp (they/them) but you can call me Ace or Sharp. I’m pretty new to posting & Rotomblr in general, so pardon any wonky formatting. I made this blog specifically because I picked up a new Pokémon (a Pawniard) while at college, and I wanted to vaguely catalogue my attempts at raising them— before anyone asks, yes, they are a wild-caught Pawniard, they are a rescue, I did my research, I have experience raising pokemon with a strong battle drive, and am still doing research! Advice from people who have worked with and/or raised the Pawniard evolution line are greatly appreciated.

As my name suggests, I am a Unova trainer! Grew up in Virbank City, though I live further north now. I used to do competitive stuff when I was younger (wanted to be an Ace trainer, hence the username) and I still have the two Pokémon that I did battles with, an Unfezant and a Boldore, though I couldn’t take them to college with me. I’m currently at university to get a bachelors in Pokemon Behavior, though I might end up getting a masters later, as my dream job is working with pokemon rescue and rehabilitation, especially when it comes to captured pokemon.

I think that’s everything, but, I’ll put some rules for the blog below the cut!

OOC from this point forward! Hiya! This is a sideblog for my main account, @sandpit-cartographer, intended to be just a fun little side project for myself. I’m not sure how long I’ll keep it going. The character represented by this account is meant to be a parallel to myself/the trainer I played as in my runthrough of BW2 (not necessarily a self insert entirely, though), and I have no plot in mind for them directly. As such the timeline of this blog is very nebulous: eg, Neo Team Plasma is around but i have no intention of including major plot events. also, yes, the banner pic is AI edited by myself. I didn’t want to use someone else’s art, I can’t draw cities, and I didn’t want to tie myself to an IRL location.

Rules for this blog (will probably be updated as I think of more) are: —No NSFW asks. Immediate block. —Bad vibes are also an immediate block. It’s kinda hard to trip my bad vibes sensor tho, especially with a pokemon-centric blog i’d think. —Asks & Advice that are not in-universe will be ignored. I intend to keep this as in-universe as possible. No hard feelings, just trying to keep a consistent continuity! —Follow-up, personal questions about myself and not Ace will be ignored. I will also be treating Ace like a real person who may or may not respond to asks they are uncomfortable with. —If I don’t know how to respond to your ask I’ll probably just move on & not answer it. Again, no hard feelings! —Reminder that all interactions on this blog are of a caricature!

[marphax-engineering]

This is the first set up for the smart meter (the physical build that is). I copied down some basic code to make it work and removed the screen until I know I can make it work. While the code is running well and the sensor seems to be working (it responded to when I open and close it), I still have yet to read the AC current of cords successfully.

I tried reading the current going through my lava lamp and a few other cords in my room without success, but I’m still optimistic about it working. I just need to re-review the code and make sure I choose actual AC devices to test it on.

[ask-experiment-1006-theprototype]

{{A list of experiments done to Experiment 1006. AKA, the Prototype.}}

[Each experiment shown here was for the benefit of newer experiments and to demonstrate what conditions entities like him and toys can withstand. How much they can withstand and how they handle being in conditions a toy could end up in. Some were repeated to ensure proper results. The subject MUST be carefully monitored after each test. Especially after 5 and 3.]

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Tests shown to test the abilities of Experiment 1006.

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[: Before upgrades 1-L, 1-A, 2-A, and 2-L. -Current upgrades in each test listed.- [-Sensors. Nostril installation. Ventilation. Arm reinforcement. Hand adjustments. Torso reinforcement. Leg reinforcement.-] [: Current version of 1006, 1.2. :] Head doctor: Doctor Harley Sawyer. Assisted by trainee and doctor, Doctor Nathan Lenard.

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Experiment test 1: Closed spaces.

Test description: The subject is inserted into four different enclosed spaces. A room. A closet. A cabinet. And a locker.

Test results: Subject managed each space with relative ease. Upon the last room, the smallest, he showed great discomfort and nearly got permanently stuck in the locker. But managed to eventually get out. Subject spoke about escalated joint pain. We've noted this as a side effect of his current condition, his stabilization and joint issues are less but still present.

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Experiment test 2: Temperatures.

Test description: The subject is placed in two different rooms that can adjust their temperatures. One cold. One heat. Subject is brought into each room and exposed to different levels of cold and heat. Minor and extreme.

Test results: Subject adjusted to each temperature exchange. Noticeable complications came from the extreme temperatures once they reached -0 or over 100. Subject was able to handle cold better than the heat. Though noticeably sluggishly so. Subject laid motionless at maximum extreme temperature exchange. Fluids, cooling, heating, and warming techniques were later applied. Subject displayed noticeable appreciation for the ac or heater and stayed near both when overheating or frozen as suspected he would.

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Experiment test 3: Flammable.

Test Description: Subject is to be put in a controlled environment to test how fire resistant an entity like him is.

Test results: Subject avoided any flames that went near him. No notable damage has been done when flames made contact except for minor scorch marks that were able to be cleaned off with the care provided for the subject afterwards. Subject had to be held down for the flame to touch. It touched for 0.4 seconds before the subject broke free, the straps catching on fire after the subject fled from the flame. Subject showed distain towards the science crew after the test. One month passed before he calmed.

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Experiment test 4: Freezing.

Test description: Subject is to be put in a controlled environment to test how entities like him are effected by bellow 0 temperatures.

Test results: Subject notably tried to stay near the wall for warmth. Subject also tried to climb out of the room by scratching at the window. Later the subject simply laid down and curled up for warmth. His movements were sluggish, but seemed to handle it better than the fire. The test had to be stopped due to the subject not responding. Subject currently has four tarps as blankets, two were originally assigned but staff insisted on two more. Subject fully recovered two weeks later.

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Experiment test 5: Charges.

Test description: Subject is to experience different voltage of electricity to test how conductive and how much entities can withstand.

Test results: Subject expressed extreme discomfort at a high amount of voltage. Twice the amount a human can with stand when tasered. Subject seemed to experience pain with any amount of electricity. Subject experienced the side effects of being tased at double the voltage previously mentioned to cause discomfort. However subject did not cease any of his functionality, nor did he convulse. Instead the subject seemed to scream, or roar as it sounded, in pain instead. Subject actively avoided any tools used to cause the voltage that he recognized or noticed if not restrained. Subject began to react negatively towards the pain in the form of swatting at what caused him said pain. This has caused two employees to get badly scratched by 1006's claws. Subject claims that it was unintentional when questioned about it.

Side note: Perhaps a shock collar could help prevent lash outs through shocking conditioning, as electricity seems to be effective.

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Experiment test 6: Water logged.

Test description: Subject is to be exposed to water and submerged in deeper levels of water. This is to see if he will still be able to function properly when exposed to moisture and if so, how much he can handle and what his reaction to being in water will be.

Test results: Subject seemed to react to water sprayed on him with confusion. No negative side effects too effect. Subject observed the water and even tried drinking some of it when it poured from the ceiling to simulate rain. Subject seems to be water proof, perhaps due to the organic portions of his anatomy. More studying is needed to confirm. When subject is submerged in water, he sinks. He expressed confusion and struggled to properly swim up to the surface. Though still managed to. When kept under the water, subject expressed concern and began to react violently due to panic. Subject ended up breaking the binds once again and was allowed to go up to the surface. The subject expressed aggression towards the science team and notably stayed in the opposite side of his containment. Subject showed clear anger towards the science team when they went to the window. Two months passed before he started staying in his usual positions in his cell.

Side note: Perhaps this one should only be done once? -Nathan Side note: Multiple must be done to show proper results. -Harely.

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Experiment test 7: Climbing.

Test description: Subject is to be put in a specialized room where he has various climbing obstacles he must complete.

Test results: Subject showed the ability to be able to climb and to hold onto the bars on the ceiling. Subject seems to have difficulty with wanting to climb back down, or at least sometimes. It would appear the subject likes to be out of sight, this habit becoming more apparent after recent testing. Either that or the subject simply likes being able to see more from up above. Regardless, the subject shows surprising agility and maneuverability despite his complications with balance and joint pain.

Side note: Subject should have more positive reinforcement to help with moral. -Nathan.

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Experiment test 8: Speed and endurance.

Test description: Subject is to be put into a specialized room to test his speed and endurance through machinery and physical tests. This is to ensure his upgrades assisted in his previous complications and to expose any current on going ones.

Test results: Subject shows to have the endurance but lacks the ability to properly run for long periods of time. Though he can not run as fast as one would expect from an entity like him, he can make large strides to make up for it. It would seem his knees still present an issue, being unable to run for long periods of time without being in pain.

Side note: A cleaner inserting of the joints away from the knee tenant may remedy this.- Nathan.

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{[ More tests will be shown later on. ]}

[ronniezhou]

Is that BROWNYN 'RONNIE' ZHOU? I heard the THIRTY THREE year old belongs to the NIGHTSHADE as a BOMB MAKER. I’d stay away from them if I were you. I heard they were OVERCONFIDENT, but they can also be RESOURCEFUL, so proceed at your own risk.

S T A T S

FULL NAME: Bronwyn Lan Zhou NICKNAME(S): Ronnie OCCUPATION: Bomb maker, although she tells everyone she's in animation

GENDER: Cis Woman PRONOUNS: She her NATIONALITY: American ETHNICITY: Chinese + White HOMETOWN: San Francisco USA SOCIAL CLASS:  Grew up lower class, currently upper middle class EDUCATION LEVEL: BS in robotic engineering, unfinished doctorate FATHER:  Frank Zhou MOTHER: Nina DeTourneau SIBLING(S): TBD CHILDREN: NOPE PET(S): TBD

B I O G R A P H Y

Bronwyn Zhao—better known as “Ronnie” to friends and fixers alike—was never meant to survive the world she grew up in, let alone outsmart it. Raised in a shitty apartment on the edge of Chinatown, Ronnie clawed her way through life with sharp instincts and a sharper tongue. Poor but preternaturally gifted, she made a name for herself by acing other people’s exams, ghostwriting dissertations, and building machines in her bedroom that schools couldn’t afford in their labs. The system never rewarded her, so she stopped pretending she wanted its approval.

She tried the route everyone told her to take—college, a future, something safe. Ronnie enrolled in a robotic engineering program with dreams of becoming one of those stories they trot out on scholarship brochures: girl from nowhere, makes it big. But it didn’t stick. The lectures bored her. The structure stifled her. She didn’t want to build robots for clean energy initiatives—she wanted to see what happened if you overclocked them and wired them to tripwire sensors.

She was social, shameless, and just cynical enough to stay two steps ahead. Ronnie didn’t ask questions when strangers paid her online to build “experimental timers” or “hypothetical detonation chains.” She figured it was some weird reddit survivalists, they were always into shit like that. She liked the challenge. It never crossed her mind that the message board was a recruitment net—until Nightshade showed up with real money, real consequences, and an offer she didn’t have the sense (or desire) to refuse.

Now, as one of Nightshade’s most inventive bomb-makers, Ronnie thrives in the liminal space between brilliance and disaster. She tells herself she’s just an inventor—that what happens after her creations leave her hands is above her paygrade. But deep down, some part of her knows she’s helping build the most lethal empire the city’s ever seen.

She lives well now—modest apartment, full fridge, occasional sushi—but makes a point not to look too closely at who’s holding the gun she just designed the trigger for. Ronnie’s charm, deflection, and occasional delusion keep her functional in a world she helped arm. She may be the friendliest face in Nightshade’s roster, but behind the grin is a mind that could burn this whole city down and still be proud of the blueprint.

H E A D C A N N O N S:

Ronnie still keeps her first homemade detonator in a cigar box under her bed—not because it works, but because it almost did.

She has a rule about never dating anyone who asks too many questions about her job, which leaves her mostly single and totally unbothered.

If you give her a soldering iron, a busted microwave, and 45 minutes, she can probably make something illegal.

She once blew up a car in a crowded parking garage just to test a containment method she invented—then calmly walked away eating a popsicle.

For someone who builds weapons for a living, she’s weirdly sentimental—she still sends her family money every month, even though they haven’t spoken in years.

W A N T E D C O N N E C T I O N S H E R E

[onaravenswings]

Yo, Lancerblr

Figured I'd toss a few of these your way, grab some feedback. Haven't actually had a chance to play and stress test 'em yet, so I've got no clue how they'd fare in a combat situation, or if any of them are any good, really. Just threw together what I felt'd be neat in concept.

Even if this only gets one or two notes, I'm fine with that. Just felt like sharin'.

Personally, my favorite's split between Carrion Courier and Fog.

Beware, there are a LOT of words beneath the thing. Like, a-lot-a-lot-a-lot.

Here's Jane Doe, callsign Misnomer, with her mech Fog. She's a favorite, if you couldn't tell. Wanted for knowing a helluva lot more than she should and stealing a truly remarkable amount of prototype tech.

Mech Note:

"It's in the clouds! It's in the goddamn clouds!"

"Bank right, bank right, fuckfuckfuck FUCK-"

"I can't see, it's screaming, why is it so loud-"

"Sensors dead, I'm falling, shit, can't pull up!"

"Come into my parlor, said the crow to the spider to the fly."

» Jane Doe // MISNOMER « Spec Ops, LL9 [ SKILL TRIGGERS ] Act Unseen or Unheard (+6), Charm (+4), Get a Hold of Something (+2), Pull Rank (+2), Show Off (+2), Stay Cool (+6), Survive (+4) [ GEAR ] Light Hardsuit, Light Signature, Light A/C, Corrective, SSC Sylph Undersuit, Subjectivity-Enhancement Suite [ BOND ] THE BROKER Powers: SPIDER, CONTINGENCY PLANS, THE LEDGER

[ TALENTS ] Technophile 3, Hacker 2, Infiltrator 2, Ace 2, Skirmisher 2, Empath 1 [ LICENSES ] HORUS Goblin 2, HORUS Lich 1, IPS-N Caliban 3, SSC Dusk Wing 1, SSC Atlas 2 [ CORE BONUSES ] Kai Bioplating, Improved Armament, Mount Retrofitting [ MECH ] « FOG » IPS-N Caliban H:2 A:5 S:4 E:0 SIZE:0.5 STRUCTURE:4/4 HP:15/15 ARMOR:2 STRESS:4/4 HEAT:0/5 REPAIR:6/6 ATK BONUS:5 TECH ATK:2 LTD BONUS:0 SPD:5 EVA:13 EDEF:12 SENS:3 SAVE:16 [ WEAPONS ] INTEGRATED MOUNT: HHS-075 “Flayer” Shotgun FLEX MOUNT: Autopod / Thermal Pistol // Mount Retrofitting HEAVY MOUNT: HHS-155 CANNIBAL [ SYSTEMS ] Wandering Nightmare, Rapid Maneuver Jets, Neurospike, H0R_OS System Upgrade II, H0R_OS System Upgrade I

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And here we have Jane's former co-worker/war-buddy/mortal-enemy, John Blackacre, piloting the Carrion Courier. Spider-cowboy-mech. All the auxiliaries, all the close range brawl.

Mech Note:

"Okay, he's reloading, we can-"

SPANG-

"Okay, now he's reloading, get-"

SPANGSPANG-

"... Wait for it."

KERTHUNK, SCHERKERTHOOM-

"And he's reloaded. Fuck."

"How many of those things does he have?"

"... One, two, three-"

"Oh, christ."

» John Blackacre // SPUR « Spec Ops, LL9 [ SKILL TRIGGERS ] Act Unseen or Unheard (+4), Blow Something Up (+2), Charm (+2), Get Somewhere Quickly (+6), Read a Situation (+4), Stay Cool (+6), Word on the Street (+2) [ GEAR ] Assault Hardsuit, Archaic Melee, Light Signature, Smart Scope, Frag Grenades, Thermite Charge [ BOND ] THE WOLF Powers: GO FOR A WALK, BLOOD SCENT, POUNCE

[ TALENTS ] Gunslinger 3, Combined Arms 3, Exemplar 2, Tactician 2, Bonded 1, Grease Monkey 1 [ LICENSES ] IPS-N Raleigh 3, IPS-N Blackbeard 3, HA Iskander 1, HA Barbarossa 1, HA Genghis 1 [ CORE BONUSES ] Gyges Frame, Integrated Weapon, Mount Retrofitting [ MECH ] « CARRION COURIER » IPS-N Raleigh H:2 A:3 S:0 E:6 SIZE:1 STRUCTURE:4 HP:21 ARMOR:1 STRESS:4 HEAT:0 REPAIR:6 ATK BONUS:5 TECH ATK:-1 LTD BONUS:3 SPD:5 EVA:11 EDEF:7 SENS:10 SAVE:15 [ WEAPONS ] INTEGRATED MOUNT: M35 Mjolnir INTEGRATED WEAPON: Chain Axe / Hand Cannon // Mount Retrofitting AUX/AUX MOUNT: Hand Cannon / Stub Cannon FLEX MOUNT: Hand Cannon / Hand Cannon HEAVY MOUNT: Kinetic Hammer [ SYSTEMS ] “Roland” Chamber, Grounding Charges, “Roller” Directed Payload Charges, Reinforced Cabling, Personalizations

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And here we have Anne Queen, codename Wreken, former pirate warlord and currently freelance mercenary. Finds both Jane and John creepy as all get-out-of-fuck and yet enjoys scaring the shit out of grunts. Absolutely charming.

Mech Note:

Exerpt from training exercise no.55638, JUN-30, 0537, begin play::>>

"... Hey, where'd squad five go?"

The sergeant answers with another question. "Y'see that big red circle that just popped up on your map reticle, private?"

"...Yessir."

The old Tortuga's head nods and extends a hand, holding up five fingers, slowly putting them down one after the other.

On the final finger, thunder splits the skies in the distance, once, twice, thrice, and then with a final sundering THOOM, the circle disappears, along with the markers within it denoting the remains of squad 8.

"Oh."

The older mech crosses its arms. "Yes, private. Oh."

Out of the corner of his eye, his face lights up red, and he feels the color drain from it.

"We're in the circle, sergeant."

The sergeant nods, again. "Correct, private. Now, what we do in this situation?"

He doesn't even wait for the order. The circle was very, very, very big, and his Saladin's legs weren't the fastest.

» Anne Queen // WREKEN « Outlaw, LL9 [ SKILL TRIGGERS ] Act Unseen or Unheard (+2), Assault (+6), Blow Something Up (+6), Pull Rank (+2), Stay Cool (+4), Survive (+6) [ GEAR ] Light Hardsuit, Heavy Signature, Heavy A/C, Frag Grenades, Stims, Thermite Charge [ BOND ] THE TITAN Powers: TRUE GRIT, NOTHING TO FUCK WITH, ABSOLUTE MEAT

[ TALENTS ] House Guard 3, Siege Specialist 3, Heavy Gunner 3, Walking Armory 3 [ LICENSES ] HA Barbarossa 3, IPS-N Caliban 1, IPS-N Raleigh 2, IPS-N Drake 3 [ CORE BONUSES ] Integrated Ammo Feeds, Briareos Frame, Reinforced Frame [ MECH ] « WARSPITE » HA Barbarossa H:5 A:1 S:0 E:5 SIZE:3 STRUCTURE:4 HP:30 ARMOR:2 STRESS:4 HEAT:0 REPAIR:6 ATK BONUS:5 TECH ATK:-2 LTD BONUS:4 SPD:2 EVA:7 EDEF:6 SENS:10 SAVE:15 [ WEAPONS ] INTEGRATED MOUNT: Apocalypse Rail MAIN MOUNT: Mortar MAIN MOUNT: Mortar HEAVY MOUNT: Howitzer [ SYSTEMS ] Ammo Case III, External Ammo Feed, Autoloader Drone, “Roland” Chamber, Siege Stabilizers, Armament Redundancy

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This is Cal Dera, callsign Crepescule. Nothing about her is reminiscent of faint rays of sunlight, more akin to its boiling surface. She specializes in punching straight through the frontline and making herself a very large fucking problem for everybody involved behind it. Walk into her zone? Melt. Attempt to go around or leave it? Get shotgunned to death.

Mech Note:

The 'tech stares. "What the fuck."

His co-shift nods. "Yeah, that tends to be what people say when they see her for the first time."

"I can feel the fucking heat from here, and we're behind triple reinforced walls in a vacuum. It's not even on yet?"

The co-shift shakes his head. "Nope. Reactor's not even burning yet."

"How the hell does this thing work near civilian centers?"

The co-shift paused in his preparations before eventually offering two words. "It doesn't."

He felt his mouth dry. "Ah."

» Cal Dera // CREPESCULE « Freelancer, LL9 [ SKILL TRIGGERS ] Assault (+6), Blow Something Up (+2), Spot (+4), Take Control (+6), Threaten (+6), Word on the Street (+2) [ GEAR ] Assault Hardsuit, Medium Signature, Heavy A/C, Thermite Charge, Personal Drone, Stims [ BOND ] THE PATHFINDER Powers: FREESOUL, LIGHTSPEED, MOMENTUM

[ TALENTS ] Ace 3, Vanguard 3, Nuclear Cavalier 2, Spaceborn 2, Pankrati 2 [ LICENSES ] HA Genghis 3, IPS-N Blackbeard 3, IPS-N Nelson 2, IPS-N Tortuga 1 [ CORE BONUSES ] Superior by Design, Reinforced Frame, Sloped Plating [ MECH ] « BEHEMOTH » HA “Worldkiller” Genghis Mk I H:3 A:0 S:2 E:6 SIZE:2 STRUCTURE:4 HP:22 ARMOR:4 STRESS:4 HEAT:0 REPAIR:5 ATK BONUS:5 TECH ATK:0 LTD BONUS:3 SPD:3 EVA:6 EDEF:10 SENS:5 SAVE:15 [ WEAPONS ] MAIN MOUNT: SUPERHEAVY WEAPON BRACING MAIN MOUNT: Deck-Sweeper Automatic Shotgun HEAVY MOUNT: Plasma Thrower [ SYSTEMS ] Spaceborn EVA, Explosive Vents, Auto-Cooler, AGNI-Class NHP, Reinforced Cabling, Siege Ram

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And since this is already quite fucking long, I think I'm going to stop here and leave whoever's willing to read through this word-vomit-spaghetti to chew through it.

Ciao, all. Let me know if any of these sound feasible, if you want.

[m-i-c-drop-doodles]

One piece AU notes - ASL brothers

Ace

Favorite food - jalapeno peppers with Yao Guai ribs

Forgets to emote when talking to people. Not as bad when he was a kid (had a bad habit to talking a bit monotone before meeting Sabo and Luffy)

accidentally caused a glitch in Dadan's programing causing her laser to go off suddenly, nearly hitting ace in the process. Has been banned from messing with their programs since (he doesn't try to hack any bots, bandit or not ever again. Thinks its too similar to brainwashing as it hurt Dadan)

Is the best with robotics and scraping/salvage

Still hates Roger (Roger was considered to be the Raider "King" of the Commonwealth by the NCR but in reality was the General of the Minutemen)

Was born in New Vegas - brought to the Commonwealth by Garp

Sabo

Favorite food - Noodle cups with Mirelurk cakes (essentially ramen)

is the most emotive out of the three, but picked up Ace's habit of monotone

Is the best with code and hacking, had Ace's help in building himself a personal terminal

Meets Ace in a scrap yard he was hiding in.

tried to help Luffy with his eyebot but accidentally programed it to only play music.

Was born in DC - ran away to the Commonwealth with the help of a caravan (they died shortly after leaving Sabo due to raiders)

Luffy

Favorite food - meat (deathclaw).

even with Makino's help, he still has trouble discerning some facial expressions - but is scarily good as discerning peoples true intentions and telling when someone lies.

would almost be eaten by Mirelurks on the daily.

whilst staying with the bandits, learnt how to avoid their sensors so he could steal food.

tried to build a eyebot once, ended up with a very explosive radio instead.

Was born in the Commonwealth

may change this later

(suggestion by @kuro8566 ) Luffy gains his abilities from eating a rat (that was infected with the Gomu Gomu no Mi geno) raw as a dare from his brothers , Ace gains his abilities later when he accidently drinks a beer infected with the Mera Mera no Mi geno when drinking with Masked Deuce (or Marco?)

(currently trying to make their designs - steam punk/atom punk? + post apocolapce ASL brothers)

[arjunvib]

How does an engine contribute to a car's powertrain?

The powertrain in a vehicle is the system responsible for generating power and delivering it to the wheels to propel the vehicle forward. The operation of a powertrain can vary depending on whether the vehicle is powered by an internal combustion engine (ICE) or an electric motor (in the case of electric vehicles). Here's a general overview of how a powertrain works in both types of vehicles:

Internal Combustion Engine (ICE) Vehicle - Combustion Process: In an ICE vehicle, the powertrain starts with the combustion process in the engine. Fuel (gasoline or diesel) mixes with air in the combustion chamber and is ignited by spark plugs (in gasoline engines) or compression (in diesel engines).

Power Generation: The combustion process generates energy in the form of mechanical power, causing pistons to move up and down within the cylinders of the engine. This motion drives the crankshaft, converting linear motion into rotational motion.

Transmission: The rotational motion from the crankshaft is transmitted to the transmission, which consists of gears that allow the driver to select different ratios (speeds). This enables the engine to operate efficiently across a range of vehicle speeds.

Drivetrain: The transmission sends power to the drivetrain components, including the driveshaft, differential, and axles, which transfer power to the wheels. The differential allows the wheels to rotate at different speeds, enabling smooth turns.

Wheel Movement: The power transmitted through the drivetrain causes the wheels to rotate, propelling the vehicle forward or backward depending on the gear selection and throttle input from the driver.

Electric Vehicle (EV) -

Battery Pack: The primary source of power for the EV, storing electricity in chemical form.Powers the electric motor and provides electricity for all electronic devices within the EV.

Battery Management System (BMS): Monitors battery cell conditions, including voltage, current, temperature, and state of charge (SoC).It protects the battery against overcharging, deep discharging, and overheating and helps balance the charge across cells. Ensures optimal performance and longevity of the battery by regulating its environment.

Inverter: Converts DC from the battery pack into AC to drive the electric motor.Adjusts the frequency and amplitude of the AC output to control the motor’s speed and torque. Critical for translating electrical energy into mechanical energy efficiently.

Onboard Charger: Facilitates the conversion of external AC (from the grid) to DC to charge the battery pack. Integrated within the vehicle, allowing for charging from standard electrical outlets or specialized EV charging stations. Manages charging rate based on battery status to ensure safe and efficient charging.

DC-DC Converter: Steps down the high-voltage DC from the battery pack to the lower-voltage DC needed for the vehicle's auxiliary systems, such as lighting, infotainment, and climate control. Ensures compatibility between the high-voltage battery system and low-voltage electronic components.

Electric Motor: Converts electrical energy into mechanical energy to propel the vehicle. It can be of various types, such as induction motors or permanent magnet synchronous motors, each offering different efficiencies and characteristics. Typically provides instant torque, resulting in rapid acceleration.

Vehicle Control Unit (VCU): The central computer or electronic control unit (ECU) that governs the EV's systems. Processes inputs from the vehicle’s sensors and driver inputs to manage power delivery, regenerative braking, and vehicle dynamics. Ensures optimal performance, energy efficiency, and safety.

Power Distribution Unit (PDU): Manages electrical power distribution from the battery to the EV’s various systems. Ensures that components such as the electric motor, onboard charger, and DC-DC converter receive the power they need to operate efficiently. Protects the vehicle's electrical systems by regulating current flow and preventing electrical faults.

In both ICE vehicles and EVs, the powertrain's components work together to convert energy into motion, enabling the vehicle to move efficiently and effectively. However, the specific technologies and processes involved differ significantly between the two propulsion systems.

[mydisenchantedeulogy]

Dark Secret [Chapter Two] Say Something [Ace Merrill]

Warning(s): seizures, dread, fear, nightmares, female OC, Ace being Ace, violence, comfort.

No Minors Allowed!!

At daybreak, the kitchen phone rang with a sharp brring-brring, stirring Elise from a restless sleep. She sat up, feeling more exhausted than she did before she laid down and crawled out of bed. It was no surprise to her that the space beside her was empty; she even doubted that Ace had come home. He normally crashed at the Emporium, much to his uncle's dismay when they had an intense disagreement. 

After he left yesterday, Elise sat for hours thinking about their argument. She pushed him, she knew, but her fear got the best of her. It was hard enough for her to balance the majority of the bills on her own; the house was in such disrepair that she couldn't keep up with the payments. All the money Ace earned went to making sure the utilities stayed on. When he told her he quit, she felt overwhelmed, like she was the glue holding their relationship together, a relationship he wasn't all there for. 

The idea that she was overthinking things crossed her mind, but perhaps she wasn't. Perhaps Ace did think she was a nag, a thought Elise put aside as she reached for the phone, lifting the pale blue receiver to her ear. Whoever was on the other line was persistent.

“Hello,” Elise uttered, horsely. She stifled a yawn and pushed a lock of her hair behind her ear.

“Hey, doll. It's Pop.”

At least she knew where Ace was now. But why was he calling her? A rolling pain turned her stomach. 

“Mornin’. Is Ace sleeping off a hangover?” Elise asked. She honestly hoped. 

“Now listen.” Her heart began to race. Oh goodness. What happened to Ace? “I don't want you to panic or hear it from someone else but John had a seizure last night and was taken to Stephens Memorial in Norway.”

A seizure. Elise slid her hand over her mouth and leaned her arm against the wall in sadness. There were so many questions running through her mind. Was he alone? Or behind the wheel? Her thoughts were so jumbled that Pop's voice almost didn't reach her. 

“...you there…doll.” 

“D-did they say anything?”

Pop hummed. 

“A business partner of mine called. They wouldn't tell him anything on account he isn't family.”

Of course, they wouldn't. For fucks sake.

No. It isn't their fault. 

The hospital was only doing its job.

“All right…um, I'm gonna go up to the hospital and check on him. Thank you, Pop,” Elise uttered. 

“Catch me up,” Pop insisted. 

Ace was the last thing on his mind, but Elise agreed. She ended the call and raced up the stairs to the bedroom, changing her lavender nightie out with a pair of jeans and a button-down. In her haste, she forgot her keys and cussed as she had to go back into the house to get them.

Norway was northeast of Castle Rock, a thirty-minute drive, give or take. Being so early, there was not much traffic to deter her, so Elise sped on the backroads. She reached the hospital in record time and parked like someone she would consider an asshole, then rushed through the emergency room doors.

By the time she reached Ace, she learned that his seizure had ceased before he reached the hospital; and that Pop's contact left him shortly before his EEG. At the current time, he was asleep, attached to a computer via sensors connected to his head and body. In a sleep study, a nurse named Thurber told her to monitor his brain waves.

There was not much she could tell her without the EEG results, but so far, Ace was fine, other than some bruising on his chest from the seatbelt. Or so he appeared to be. He honestly looked like he was part machine lying there, an image that turned Elise's stomach. Something wasn't right; she could feel it.  

For the next few hours, she rested uncomfortably in the waiting area, relying on snacks and bottled water to keep her going. Her nerves were shot, but she asked to use a phone and made two important calls, one more than the other. The first was to Pop, as she promised, but there was not much she could tell him.

“Does he have a history of seizures?” Elise asked him. One of the nurses had asked her, but honestly, she didn't know. 

Pop snorted. “How the hell should I know, I ain't his momma.”

After that, she didn't bother to catch him up again.

The second call she made was to her supervisor to inform her that she was not coming in. She explained the situation and was given the OK; all those days she could not afford to use stacked up. It was fine, but she had a list of bills to go over when she got home, considering Ace was now unemployed unless Pop took sympathy for him. Elise doubted it.  

Once she returned to the waiting room, she felt emotionally drained. Elise curled up the best she could on one of the chairs and tried to get some rest. It was hard, but she managed to get at least an hour before a nurse woke her. 

“Mr. Merrill is awake if you want to see him.”

Elise eagerly agreed. She followed Nurse Thurber back into the behavioral and mental health corridor and to Ace's room. When she saw him resting on the bed, her stomach twisted. He looked especially exhausted with red puffy bags beneath his eyes, and for the first time since she knew him, Ace Merrill looked weak.

His jaw tightened as Elise reached the bed, and then he averted his attention, pulling at the adhesive patch on his hand, an action Elise understood. 

“When can he leave?” She asked. 

“There are a few papers you need to fill out, then once the doctor OKs him, he can go home,” Thurber answered. “Let me get you those to fill out while you wait.” 

She sauntered out, leaving the room in an awkward silence. Elise sat in an uncomfortable chair beside the bed and watched Ace for a moment, peeling the patch from his skin with a soft rip. She frowned and then stood, gently untangling a patch from his hair. 

“You have a Westworld look going on.” She tried to make herself sound sanguine, but her voice was hoarse and heartbroken. 

Even so, Ace snorted. 

“Chill out, nerd. It isn't November yet.”

Elise grinned. Regardless of their money issues, Ace always saved back a little money to take her to the drive-in. Sci-fi and horror movies appealed to her more than jewelry and makeup, a notion he teased her for but was no less grateful for.

“Westworld” didn't come out until November but Elise was already excited. It was a nice distraction at the moment, but it was fleeting. She sat back down with a sigh.  

“Pop is the one who called me.”

“Did he say anything about the job?” Ace asked. 

Of course, he was more concerned about the job than his health. Elise wondered if it was because of their argument; because she put it in his head that he needed to find work.

“I don't think he would discuss that with me.”

Ace grunted in annoyance. No, he wouldn't. He was certain that Pop was going to cut him out of the business because he did not make it through the entire trip. All because he had a damn seizure. His luck was shit after he broke that statue…or bone. A sharp pain turned his stomach. What was it about that damn thing that made him physically ill when he thought about it?

“Ace,” Elise uttered in concern. Her ring felt cold against his heated skin as she gripped his hand. 

“It's nothing,” he dismissed. 

She wasn't assured, and she remained apprehensive even when the doctor gave his OK for Ace to leave. Elise filled out his paperwork and even suggested that she would drive, much to his dismay. 

“Keep it below 80,” he ordered as he begrudgingly crawled into the passenger side seat - luckily he didn't comment about her quick parking. 

Elise opted not to mention that she had sped the majority of the way to Norway and started the Chevelle, leaving the hospital for what she hoped was the last time. The results for the EEG and the sleep test would take about a week to come in, give or take, but she gave the nurses the house number so they could call her.

By the time they reached Castle Rock, it was close to noon. The sun was bright and the sky was clear. Despite the incident, it was a nice day. Elise darted her eyes over to Ace for a moment to see him rummaging around in the glove box. 

“Are you hungry? We can stop in at Nans or Patsy's.” 

Ace merely shook his head. Food was the last thing on his mind; his body was sore and he felt a bit sick. The nurse told him to drink lots of fluids but he had that at the house. No beer though, but he was certain Elise would tell him no if he suggested getting some at Brownies. 

“Go home.”

He slammed the glove box shut in annoyance, earning a curious look from his wife. The sun was irritating his eyes; he felt disoriented. 

“Where are your sunglasses?” 

“Must have slid beneath the seat,” Elise answered. “You wouldn't have worn them anyway; they're purple.”

Ace grunted. No, he wouldn't have, but it was tempting, given how sensitive his eyes were. He opted to lean back and shut them, not opening them until Elise announced that they were home. The blonde tightened his jaw as he noticed the vacant space beside them. 

“I left my car at the Emporium.”

“We can bring it back tomorrow. I'm sure Pop will take care of it another day,” Elise suggested. 

He would but he would certainly let him know that he wasn't a damn babysitter. Ace took an uneasy breath and rose stiffly from the car. He felt a little better being home - hospitals were lame - but not much. 

Once he was inside, he kicked off his boots not caring where he left them, and padded up the stairs toward the bedroom. Elise followed soon after, bringing up a glass of water from the kitchen that he chugged down. 

“I'm fucking exhausted,” he stated.

Elise was sure. The nurse informed her that Ace would most likely sleep until he felt better. As she watched him sprawl out on the bed, she realized just how sleep-deprived she felt. 

“Can I join you?”

“Don't you have to work?” Ace asked. 

Elise sat down beside him and undid the button on his jeans. If he wasn't so tired and sore he would have taken her action as a sign that she wanted to have sex. He didn't think he could get it up anyway in the state he was in. Instead, he helped her remove them, leaving him in a pair of black boxer briefs, and watched keenly as she stripped down to her panties. 

“I took off,” Elise answered. 

She ignored the stern look Ace gave her as if calling her a hypocrite and then crawled into bed beside him.

“We’ll figure it out later.”

Ace tightened his jaw but silently agreed. He was not in the mood to argue. Turning onto his back, he shut his eyes and fell into a deep sleep. 

It didn't take his sick mind long to conjure up a nightmare. In it, he saw himself walking through the house in the dead of night, as though he were a character in a movie. But something was not right about him. His eyes were pitch black like that of a barn owl, soulless and wicked. He could hear himself whispering, but he could not understand the words, though from his mouth, an oily substance oozed, darker than any black he had ever seen. 

He crept like a shadow into the basement to an old wooden bench his father, Junior Merrill used to sit at for hours when he wanted to be alone and retrieved a hammer that was covered in a thin layer of rust and cobwebs. Lifelessly, as though he were sleepwalking, Ace watched himself ascend the stairs and enter his room. Elise lay asleep on the bed, facing the wall and unaware that he was looming over her. 

An intense fear swallowed him. What did he intend to do? Ace felt his stomach roll in dread but he continued to watch. What else could he do? He couldn't stop his nightmare. The dream version of him loomed over Elise, watching her as she slept, whispering that same inaudible sentence over and over, and then like the snap of a finger, the whispering ceased. 

He leaned down and pulled the floral print comforter that his wife was wearing completely over her, then raised the hammer high into the air before bringing it down onto her head. 

Ace let out a terrified shout, then came to reality. To his horror, he was standing at the edge of the bed, looming over Elise. In his hand was a rusted hammer. He dropped it to the floor with a loud clatter and watched as his wife jerked awake and turned to look at him in confusion. 

“Ace?”

There was nothing he could say. His body was frozen in fear, the kind that squeezed his blood vessels shut and chilled him to the bone. He was suffocating. 

[burdenedreverence]

shuttle damaged. shuttle damaged. emergency override. engaged. pilot chance of survival. 50%. It wasn't an ideal way to enter into Rubicon-3. He had received a briefing from Cinder long before he entered the system, describing to him the general situation planetside. Hayden as an independent agent decided what contracts he thought where worth taking, and what one wasn't. From the situation, however sparse, Cinder told him he found it worth it.

Besides, she paid for his transport. Said transport was currently burning up in the atmosphere above him, having been struck by something. Sensors couldn't get a read. It forced him to eject early, to deploy his Armored Core at a height that simply wasn't plausible for re-entry.

But it was die in an explosion, or risk it all right here and now. It would be a horrible way to go, being burned alive in his AC. Or smashing into the ground so hard he became a red mist inside his cockpit. Hellueva way to go.

armored core. released. danger! danger! temperature reaching hazardous levels. pilot chance of survival. 40%. calculating atmospheric entry... calculation complete. adjusting orbital position. engaging thrusters.

His hands clenched his controls, his body shaking inside the cockpit. Sweat covering his body as it felt as if the desert sun was beating down upon him, sensors reading red in... everything. His eyes briefly went to his EN output, it wasn't enough. He needed more.

His teeth clenched themselves, his hand pushing forward on the omnidirectional controls, blast of booster fire shooting from his ACs legs attempting to adjust him. He had a very, very small area to land in. Enough water, and soft dirt, that he could actually survive the impact. "Disable all restrictions."

danger! danger! temperature reaching critical levels. pilot chance of survival. 10%. disabling non-essential functions. disengaging fire control system. disabling generator safety precautions.

A series of warnings, of product warranties now expired, flashed across his vision. The cockpit groaned in protest as he felt himself sync fully with his AC, his nerves felt on fire. Every neuron in his brain felt like it was being cooked alive, something wet was flowing from his nose and ears.

'C'mon, c'mon!'

pilot chance of survival. ERROR.

predicted impact. twenty seconds.

His hands moved the controls, just a hair, a bit. His course was locked in, he had to maintain course. His hands shook, his vision blurred and dimmed. He sucked in a hard breath.

fifteen seconds.

He couldn't see out of his left eye anymore. It was just red. Almost there.

ten seconds.

This flesh won't burn. He can do this.

five seconds.

He was almost there. Just one small adjustment...

three. two. one. brace for impact.

[materialsscienceandengineering]

Advances in electrochromic coatings may bring us closer to environmentally friendly ways to keep inside spaces cool. Like eyeglasses that darken to provide sun protection, the optical properties of these transparent films can be tuned with electricity to block out solar heat and light. Now, researchers in ACS Energy Letters report demonstrating a new electrochromic film design based on metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) that quickly and reliably switch from transparent to glare-diminishing green to thermal-insulating red. Hongbo Xu and colleagues used MOFs in their electrochromic film because of the crystalline substances' abilities to form thin films with pore sizes that can be customized by changing the length of the organic ligand that binds to the metal ion. These features enable improved current flow, more precise control over colors and durability. In demonstrations, Xu's MOF electrochromic film took 2 seconds to switch from colorless to green with an electric potential of 0.8 volts, and 2 seconds to switch to dark red with 1.6 V. The film maintained the green or red color for 40 hours when the potential dropped, unless a reverse voltage was applied to return the film to its transparent state. The film also performed reliably through 4,500 cycles of switching from colored to clear. With further optimization, the researchers say their tunable coatings could be used in smart windows that regulate indoor temperatures, as well as in smaller scale intelligent optical devices and sensors.

Read more.