#Alaska

[xtruss]

This Is the Most Fearsome Animal in Alaska

Photo Credit: Robert Frashure/Shutterstock.com

The wildlife in Alaska is Vast and Varied. Known as the “Last Frontier State,” it is one of the few places in the United States with large, untouched natural landscapes. While most outsiders think of endless snow and glaciers in this polar region, the state is home to two of the United States’ most extensive forests, which provide habitat for nearly 1,100 Vertebrate Species. In fact, Alaska’s designated wilderness acreage constitutes approximately 54 percent of the nation’s—making habitat for a vast diversity of species surviving in harsh conditions. Many of which can be particularly fearsome.

But Which Animal in Alaska is the Most Deadly to Humans?

Moose, who are generally regarded as docile herbivores, injure around 5-10 people annually. Polar bears, whose girth during mating season can reach about 1700 pounds, are a deadly opponent on the icy tundra. Even the smaller gray wolf can become a lethal killing machine. These carnivores can take down a massive moose or bear in packs and organize into reconnaissance groups that canvass territory over 2,300 square miles.

However, if you find yourself in the Alaskan wilderness, there is one animal above all others you don’t want to cross paths with. And that’s the fierce and lethal Grizzly Bear.

Grizzly Bear

Alaska has an estimated 30,000 Grizzlies, the highest in any region of the U.S. Luckily for most visitors, the areas these bears habitat are usually far away from where humans live. Additionally, there are only a few seasons when grizzly bears are active and dangerous. However, when camping or hiking, it’s important to know your surroundings and bear behaviors. A few simple tools can save your life when encountering one of the most deadly animals in Alaska.

Grizzly bears are most active in the fall and spring and are one of the most deadly animals in Alaska. ©BlueBarronPhoto/Shutterstock.com

The grizzly bear is actually a type of brown bear. Coastal Grizzly Bears, Kodiak Bears, and the Asian Grizzly are considered to be the same subspecies. They range in color from very light tan to dark brown. The coloration gives them a “grizzled” look, especially in the sun. Additionally, they have a rounder face shape, short ears, and a large hump on their shoulder. This hump creates mass on the bear, making it much larger and more robust than black bears.

They can weigh up to 700 Pounds (the same as a 20-foot Sailboat!), and in their native habitat, are often unafraid of humans (unlike black bears). This behavior often makes them one of the most deadly animals in Alaska.

According to the Alaskan Department of Natural Resources, the one thing you can predict about a grizzly bear is that it’s unpredictable. However, biologists have recently reduced confrontations thanks to a newly developed understanding of bear behavior. Mainly, it’s essential to respect the bears and where they live.

The worst incidents between bears and people occur when people misbehave toward them.

“I’ve seen people do stupid things to bears,” said John Hechtel, an Alaska Department of Fish and Game biologist. “I’ve seen people throw rocks at a grazing bear from 2 feet away just to get a better picture.”

Hechtel suggested that 95 percent of the time, people determine whether the outcome of a bear encounter will be good or bad.

The fall and spring are when the bears are most active. If you accidentally encounter a grizzly bear during this time, you can do a few things to ensure your meeting ends well.

What You Should Do To Protect Yourself From Grizzly Bears:

Above all else, avoid the bears if you can by being aware of your surroundings. Trailheads often post signs about bear activity. When in an area designated as “bear heavy,” look for tracks along the road and make plenty of noise so you don’t surprise one. Lastly, always travel in groups or with another person. Never go alone.

Although, don’t bring your dog, either.

Often, unwelcome incidents between wild animals and humans result from aggression between your pet and the animals. Humans get hurt when they intercede between their dogs and the animals. A dog’s instinct to protect their owner or curiosity between the bears and dogs has often escalated and become hazardous.

When camping, never leave food or garbage out. Use bear-proof cans or lockers when storing or throwing away leftovers. Odors attract bears, so be sure your camp is as clean and odor-free as possible.

Additionally, don’t camp near areas where bears are. This includes near a trail, salmon streams, dead animals, or old fire pits (which may have leftover food). Choose a spot where you can see wildlife, and they can easily see you. This can help you avoid one of the most deadly animals in Alaska.

When cooking, make sure you’re at least 100 feet away from your campsite. Cook downwind and store your pots and pans away from you. Cache the food you want in a tree and out of reach of any potential predators.

According to the National Park Service, this is what you should do if you encounter a bear:

If you see a grizzly bear and it hasn’t seen you—walk away. However, if the bear is close and notices you, it’s important to try to stay calm. Not disturbing the bear reduces attacks. Often, it helps to wave your arms and speak in a loud but low voice. While you should back away slowly if it starts approaching, it’s important NOT TO RUN.

A bluff charge may occur during your encounter. Almost all charges are bluffs. It’s important to stand your ground, as running will encourage it to chase you. Outrunning a bear is futile.

If you’re attacked, playing dead works. Curl up in a ball with your hands laced behind your neck. The fetal position will protect your vital organs. A surprised bear will grow disinterested.

Any attack resulting from a bear stalking or pursuing you, you’ll need to fight back. Predatory bears are often intimidated into leaving you alone. In these cases, carrying a weapon, such as bear spray or a knife, is best. However, almost all bear attacks can be avoided without violence. Just use common sense. Continuously reducing the probability of bear encounters is your best protection when dealing with one of the most deadly animals in Alaska.

[tripandopl]

Taka trasa z pewnością mija szybciej! W roli głównej przepiękna Alaska w USA!

[conexaoamerica]

Kennecott, Alaska 🇺🇲 . . . ➢ Repost from @_america_my_love_ ➢ 📸 None . . . ➢ Follow 👉 🇺🇸@conexao.america for more photos and movies about United States 🇺🇸 . . . ➢ Alliance @america_states @enjoy_la_ @latinbrazil . . . ➢ ✈ Mark your photo with tag #conexaoamerica or @conexao.america and we'll post it! . . . . . . . . #usa #america #usa🇺🇸 #americandream #iloveusa🇺🇸 #usalove #americanfreedom #motivation #americanlife #americanstyle #usapatriot #usacity #usacitys #kennecott #alaskausa #alaskaadventure #alaska #alaskaliving #alaskalove #alaskalife #alaskanaturephotos #alaskaphotography #alaskausa🇺🇸 #alaska_usa (em Kennecott, Alaska) https://www.instagram.com/p/Cl8W1DOu1Dp/?igshid=NGJjMDIxMWI=

[ecoharbor]

📍Alaska, USA 🇺🇸

[heavenlybackside]

Alaska Highway, USA 🇺🇸

[dylan-duke]

liked by edwards.73, marti_giacchino and others

row.mcgroarty2 hey siri play born in the usa 🦅🇺🇸

view all comments

gabeperreault44 allons-y!!!

bcfieldhockey THATS OUR GIRL!

piaserowik good luck!!!!

rutgermcgroarty RAAAAAAAAA

molly I HAVE THE COOLEST SISTER EVER! OH MY GOD

cindy so unbelievably proud of you my baby girl <3

ryan.leno_4 USA USA USA

cuttergauthier_ USA - the united states of America a country of 50 states covering a vast swath of North America, with Alaska in the northwest and Hawaii extending the nation’s presence into the Pacific Ocean.

[alyjojo]

Happy Birthday ‘Murica, whose birth chart is like if you combined Luke Bryan with Eminem, and I can’t think of anything more American than that. Home is where the heart is, at a tailgate, now hold my beer…

Cancer ☀️ Aquarius 🌙 Sagittarius ⬆️

The Signs of US States 🇺🇸

Aries ♈️

Not one state ☹️ blame your Cancer country.

Taurus ♉️

- Minnesota 🏒 (Moon Aries)

- Louisiana 👻 (Moon Sagittarius)

- Maryland 🦀 (Moon Aquarius)

Gemini ♊️

- Tennessee 🤠 (Moon Aries)

- Wisconsin �� (Moon Aries)

- Arkansas 🦌 (Moon Cancer)

- West Virginia 🌲 (Moon Leo)

- Kentucky 🥃 (Moon Libra)

- Rhode Island ⛵️ (Moon Sagittarius)

- South Carolina 🥬 (Moon Capricorn)

Cancer ♋️

- Wyoming 🌋 (Moon Taurus)

- Idaho 🥔 (Moon Capricorn)

- New Hampshire 🦞 (Moon Aquarius)

- Virginia 🫡 (Moon Pisces)

Leo ♌️

- Hawaii 🏝️ (Moon Aries)

- New York 👗 (Moon Taurus)

- Colorado 🏔️ (Moon Capricorn)

- Missouri ⚾️ (Moon Capricorn)

Virgo ♍️

- California 🎥 (Moon Scorpio)

Libra ♎️

Not one state ☹️ blame your Cancer country.

Scorpio ♏️

- Oklahoma 🌪️ (Moon Aries)

- Montana 🐴 (Moon Taurus)

- Washington 🎸 (Moon Cancer)

- Nevada 🎰 (Moon Scorpio)

- North Carolina 🎣 (Moon Capricorn)

- North Dakota 🫎 (Moon Pisces)

- South Dakota 🏍️ (Moon Pisces)

Sagittarius ♐️

- New Jersey 🎡 (Moon Aries)

- Indiana 🚘 (Moon Virgo)

- Alabama 🥜 (Moon Scorpio)

- Delaware ☝️ (Moon Scorpio)

- Mississippi 🚤 (Moon Capricorn)

- Pennsylvania 🍫 (Moon Capricorn)

- Illinois 🏙️ (Moon Aquarius)

Capricorn ♑️

- Iowa 🌽 (Moon Taurus)

- New Mexico 🪶 (Moon Leo)

- Utah 🐝 (Moon Virgo)

- Alaska ❄️ (Moon Libra)

- Georgia 🍑 (Moon Scorpio)

- Texas 🐷 (Moon Capricorn)

- Connecticut 🍁 (Moon Aquarius)

Aquarius ♒️

- Oregon 🍐 (Moon Cancer)

- Kansas 🌻 (Moon Virgo)

- Michigan 🐺 (Moon Libra)

- Arizona 🏜️ (Moon Capricorn)

- Massachusetts 🫖 (Moon Aquarius)

Pisces ♓️

- Maine 🫐 (Moon Aries)

- Ohio 🏈 (Moon Gemini)

- Florida 🐊 (Moon Capricorn)

- Nebraska 🐮 (Moon Capricorn)

- Vermont ⛷️ (Moon Pisces)

What funny coincidences did you find with your own chart? Did any surprise you? I apparently have only traveled to places with my brother’s sun & moon, and my favorite places have my own signs in them 🥰

For those that don’t live in USA, there are a lot of websites that have the same information on a worldwide scale, cities & countries all over the world, and there are also astrologers that specialize in travel & synastry with your own chart, which is fascinating and fun to play with. I use Astro.com

[rappin-drakken]

It came up recently with my friends that they think I'm the weird one for knowing timezones within our country (USA). I polled some of my friends and about 1/3 of the ~15 I polled did not know how many we have. I thought this was common knowledge. Therefore:

Put in the tags what you voted for and then PLEASE try to name them. I can't put a "fill in the blank" section on here, unfortunately.

Oh and also please put if you're American/lived in the US at some point/Not American

[kittenorgans]

Rules: Tag 10 people you’d like to get to know better

Tagged by @dorohenka 💕💝

Relationship status: single

Favorite color: purple

Song stuck in my head: salvatore lana del rey

Last song listened to: salvatore orchestral cover

Last googled: purpose of a medically induced coma (lol)

Dream Trip: USA especially the south and alaska 🇺🇸🇺🇸🦅, mexico, colombia, brasil (scuba diving and sharks), peru, caribbean (people & food!!!).. also vietnam, cambodia (the tomb from tomb raider is there), morocco, tanzania (animals and mount kilimanjaro) iran 🇮🇷 when it’s safer

Anything I want now: money LMAO and a driver’s license

i tag @victoriassecretagent @desisapphic @deadgeisha @newmiu @gruncheon @dolvenchy @pivovarovah @encoffin @covenings @desaturating7 sorry if i forgot ppl

[life-before-suicide]

You’re so far away

Won’t you come and won’t you stay?

Please, stay

📍Alaska, USA 🇺🇸

[musicalhypnosis]

USA Register To Vote 🗳️🇺🇸💃🏽🪩🕺🦋🩵🎶

Harris Walz 2024

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Washington DC

Register To Vote

Don’t wait

Don’t be late

Let’s go and vote

🪷Harris Walz 2024🇺🇸

REGISTER: vote.gov

YT: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=anN_TBFPYOA

#USA #RegisterToVote #States

#vote #harriswalz2024 #KamalaHarris

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[filipinodiasporaplan2100]

Fililipino Diaspora Mass Migration / Immigration Plan year 2100 - Operation One Piece as part of the Bagong Pilipinas and Filipinas Ultramar

Filipino Diaspora from the Philippines will become the Biggest Diaspora in the WORLD by Year 2100.

 IF China Attacks / Invades the Philippines; and IF China Occupies Manila, Philippines will IMMEDIATELY Send 60 Million Filipinos like Filipino Migrants / Filipino Immigrants, Filipino Settlers, Filipino Asylum Seekers, Filipino Refugees and Filipino Exiles or 60% of the 120 Million - 200 Million Philippine Population to going Overseas throughout the World like Oceania, Americas and Europe via the Pacific Ocean (and Atlantic Ocean by Panama Canal) by building a "60 MILLION MASSIVE PACIFIC OCEAN SHIPPING PINOY IMMIGRANT ARMADA" in 100,000 Ships, 200,000 Planes and 5 Million Vehicles to be added to existing 12 Million Overseas Filipinos. The Filipinos are NOT JOKING AROUND. The Global Filipino Diaspora will / must increase from 12 Million Overseas Filipinos into a 72 MILLION OVERSEAS FILIPINOS within 5 years!!! The Global Filipino Diaspora of 12 Million to 72 Million Overseas Filipinos and Foreigners / Mestizos with Filipino Ancestry will SEEK REVENGE / will AVENGE THE PHILIPPINES by Making the 50 Million Overseas Pure-Blooded CCP Chinese (INTSIK / TSEKWA) including Chinese Immigrants, Chinese Tourists, Chinese Agents, Chinese Students, Chinese Spies, Overseas Chinese United Fronts, Chinese Triads, Overseas Chinese Police Station Personnel, Chinese Propagandists, Chinese CCP Officials, Macau Officials, Hong Kong Officials, Chinese Diplomats and Chinese Bussimen with their children, family and relatives living Overseas / Abroad / outside China, Pro-China Communists, Pro-China Leftists, Pro-China Socialists, Maoists, Pro-China Marxists, Zionists, Pro-China Propagandists, Pro-China Informants, Anti-Filipino Capitalists, ANTIFA Anarchists and Abortionists around the World will "VANISHED FOR GOOD" and will PAY in "GOLD AND BLOOD" in Overseas POGROMS as parts of the Future GLOBAL FILIPINO DIASPORA WARS.

The 72 Million Filipino Diaspora WILL MAKE the 50 Million Overseas Chinese (INTSIK / TSEKWA), 30 Million Overseas Russians (BATNIK) and 8 Million Jews (DUGYOT) to PAY the WHOLE COST and Expenses of Mass Immigration and Permanent Resettlement at the "NEW FILIPINO HOMELANDS" or the "BAGONG PILIPINAS" Abroad along the Synchronization of the "FILIPINAS ULTRAMAR" Policy in United States (California [The City Los Angeles will become "NEW MANILA" of the Americas / New World. The Los Angeles County will become the "NEW METRO MANILA". The Southern California will become the "NEW MEGA MANILA".], Oregon, Washington, Alaska, New York, Illinois, Nevada, New Jersey, Colorado, Arizona, Georgia, Maryland, Massachusetts, Virginia, Texas, Florida and Hawaii), Canada (British Columbia, Alberta, Ontario, Manitoba, Quebec, and Saskatchewan), Australia (Queensland, New South Wales, South Australia and Victoria), New Zealand, Mexico (Colima, Michoacan, Jalisco, Guerrero, Oaxaca and Chiapas), Britain, Portugal, Spain, France, El Salvador, Hispaniola, Colombia, Panama and Ecuador of more than 60 Million Filipinos / or 60% of the Whole Philippine Population at the Wake of the Chinese Invasion of the Philippines / Chinese Occupation of Manila in "GOLD and BLOOD".

The 60 Million Filipinos Going Overseas within less than 5 Years IF China Invades the Philippines / If China Occupies Manila Formula:

Australia 🇦🇺 - 3 Million Filipinos (23 MILLION MAX in Year 2100)

New Zealand 🇳🇿 - 1 Million Filipinos (10 MILLION MAX in Year 2100)

Canada 🇨🇦 - 3 Million Filipinos (25 MILLION MAX in Year 2100)

Mexico 🇲🇽 - 2 Million Filipinos (60 MILLION MAX in Year 2100)

Latin America and Caribbean - 10 Million Filipinos / or 20 Million Filipinos (200 MILLION MAX in Year 2100)

United States of America US/USA 🇺🇸 - 30 Million Filipinos (100 MILLION MAX in Year 2100)

Europe 🇪🇺 - 11 Million Filipinos (100 MILLION MAX in Year 2100)

Great Britain / United Kingdom UK 🇬🇧 - 2 Million Filipinos (35 MILLION MAX in Year 2100)

Rest of the World - 100 MILLION FILIPINOS MAX in Year 2100

PS: Or the 60% of the Entire 120 Million to 200 Million Philippine Population in 100,000 Ships, 200,000 Planes and 5 Million Vehicles in order to achieve the target from the current 12 Million Overseas Filipinos into more than 72 MILLION OVERSEAS FILIPINOS!!!

THE FILIPINO DIASPORA WILL BECOME THE "BIGGEST IMMIGRANT DIASPORA" IN THE WORLD BY YEAR 2100!!!

I want to Make a 700 page "GLOBAL FILIPINO DIASPORA IDEOLOGY BOOK" for the Filipino Diaspora Plan to the World at Year 2100, OR Someone MUST Make a 700 page "GLOBAL FILIPINO DIASPORA IDEOLOGY BOOK" for the Filipino Diaspora Plan to the World at Year 2100 .

United States - American Dream

China - Common Prosperity

Spain - La Hispanidad

France - Francophonie

Britain - Pax Britanica

Russia - Ruskiy Mir

Germany - Lebensraum

Mexico - La Vida Loca

Turkey - Neo Ottoman Empire / Golden Apple

Saudi Arabia - Great Ummah / Khalifah

Iran - Ahlul Bayt

India - Jhai Sri Ram

PHILIPPINES - "ONE PIECE WORLD" on Planet Earth!!!

The 72 Million Filipino Diaspora will IMPOSE a Real Life "ONE PIECE WORLD" in the Whole Planet Earth which means Overseas Filipinos will participate to ALL International / Global Political and Social Events around the World to make the Whole World MORE INSANE than ever due to Reckless "Filipino Madness" whether the other Countries like it or not. A lot of Countries want the so called "PEACE", but the Filipino Diaspora wants only "ONE PIECE" beacuse ONE PIECE IS REAL (but cannot find One Piece in the Philippines AKA Foosha Village, Manila the real life Loguetown, so the 60 Million Filipinos must Mass Immigrate abroad to find their own One Piece). The Filipino Diaspora will Make the ONE PIECE - FINAL WAR Saga a REALITY!!!

The More Than 72 Million Overseas Filipino Diaspora MUST Carry Out the "OPERATION ONE PIECE" at ALL Costs!!!

[xtruss]

World’s Top Five Mightiest Icebreaker Fleets

© Sputnik/Vladimir Astapkovich/Go to the Mediabank

In December 2023, the United States unilaterally announced a claim to a huge chunk of seabed well outside its internationally-recognized boundaries off the northern coast of Alaska. Does the US have the resources to enforce its claim? And how do its capabilities stack up against those of other major maritime powers? Sputnik explores.

The State Department has a problem. Firstly, to legally protect its encroachment on the piece of seabed in the Arctic which it claims as part of its continental shelf, Washington would have to pay lip service to the 1982 United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, which outlines the rules for states claiming continental shelves beyond the internationally recognized 200 nautical mile limit. The first rule? Signing and ratifying the treaty, and only ten years after that submitting claims.

Secondly, if it proceeds with its continental shelf claims without UN approval, the US would have to be able to protect its claims by the tangible threat of force, including by using ships and aircraft capable of patrolling the area. The US claim announced in December is not expected to create any disputes with Russia, but will overlap with Canada over a piece of the floor of the Beaufort Sea off the Northwest Territories.

Unfortunately for Washington, its geopolitical appetites don’t appear to match its capabilities. Not only is its icebreaker fleet surprisingly tiny, but, according to recent reports, its engineers have apparently forgotten how to reliably produce the thick, hardened steel needed to reinforce Arctic-going ships’ hulls.

For these and other reasons, including decades of neglect of its existing icebreaker potential, the United States just barely scrapes into the list of top five countries by icebreaker capability.

#5: United States 🇺🇸

America’s national icebreaker fleet consists of the US Coast Guard’s Polar Star, a Lockheed Shipbuilding-built icebreaker commissioned in 1976, placed in reserve in 2006, and recommissioned in 2012. The 13,500-ton Polar-class vessel is the only heavy icebreaker in the US fleet capable of sustained, independent operations in the thick ice-covered waters of the Arctic Ocean, able to crack through ice an impressive 6.4 meters thick. The USCGC Healy is the other icebreaker operated by the Coast Guard, displacing 16,257 tons full load, plowing through ice up to 3 meters thick in ramming mode, and hailed as America’s most technologically advanced icebreaker. The ship was commissioned in 1999.

U.S. Coast Guard Cutter Healy (WAGB-20) sits approximately 100 miles north of Barrow, Alaska, in order to conduct scientific ice research. © Wikipedia/U.S. Coast Guard/DoD

Besides that are three smaller icebreakers used by the National Science Foundation, an independence federal agency engaged in research into all non-medical fields of science. Its ships, built in the 1990s and mid-2010s, include the Nathaniel B Palmer, the RV Laurence M. Gould and the RV Sikuliaq. These vessels operate comfortably in between 0.3 (the Gould) and 0.75 meters (the Sikuliaq) of ice. The Gould and the Palmer are typically stationed in Antarctic waters, while the Sikuliaq, an indigenous word meaning ‘young sea ice’, operates off Alaska.

The Coast Guard has ambitious plans for expansion, expecting to get three new heavy icebreakers, and three medium ones, in the coming years and decades. Delivery of the first ship of the new fleet has been delayed from 2024 until at least 2027, with the service requesting $125 million for the purchase and modification of a commercially available polar icebreaker built in the USA to bridge the gap as the flagship Polar Star rapidly approaches the 50-years-old mark.

Icebreaking research vessel Sikuliaq in Woods Hole, Massachusetts. © Photo: James Buchanan

#4: Sweden 🇸🇪

Sweden, which does not have direct access to the Arctic from its coast, or any maritime territory above the Arctic Circle, nonetheless maintains an impressive fleet of icebreakers, mostly for patrolling the northernmost waters of the Gulf of Bothnia and in at least one case, a large inland lake. Sweden operates up to seven icebreakers, five of them – the Ale, the Atle, the Frej, the Oden and the Ymer, run by the Swedish Maritime Administration. The Ale is a 1,540 ton escort icebreaker, purpose built in the 1970s to sail in Lake Vanern, situated in southern Sweden about 150 km southeast of the border with Norway.

Sweden's Oden icebreaker pictured breaking up thick ice. © Photo: Swedish Maritime Administration.

The Atle, Frej and Ymer are Atle class icebreakers, built at the legendary Wartsila Helsinki Shipyard in Finland between 1974 and 1977. These ships are 104.5 meters long and displace 9,500 tons, and feature a dual rudder and dual bow propeller system that can crack ice at thicknesses of between 0.75 and 1 meters. The newest ship in Sweden’s icebreaker fleet is the Oden, a research vessel built in 1988 and originally tasked with escorting commercial vessels. The ship displaces up to 13,000 tons, and can power through ice up to 5 meters thick, with enough capacity to spare for operations in Arctic waters, pending supply support from a friend in the region. Sweden plans to built at least three new icebreakers, with the first expected to be delivered in 2027 at the earliest.

Sweden's Ymer icebreaker. © Photo: Marcus Bengtsson

#3: Finland 🇫🇮

Finland’s icebreaker fleet packs a surprisingly strong punch, facilitated by the country’s northern geography, and decades of successful shipbuilding cooperation and sales to its neighbors, Sweden and Russia. The country’s fleet, which includes nine major icebreaking ships, plus one icebreaking-capable special-use ship operated by the Navy, includes the oldest ships in this list: The Voima, commissioned all the way back in 1954, and refit in the late 1970s and again in 2016, is classed as an 1A Super icebreaker, enabling it to break up sea ice up to 1.2 meters thick at speeds of 2 knots.

The Voima icebreaker, one of the oldest known icebreakers in operation. © Photo: Pekka Jarvinen

The Urho and Otso-class (two ships each) displace 9,660 tons and 9,222 tons, respectively, and were built in the 1970s and 1980s to operate in Gulf of Bothnia and Gulf of Finland waters, where ice can reach up to 45 cm thick during winter. The Navy-operated ship is called the Louhi, is owned by the Finnish Environmental Institute, and is classified as an oil and chemical spill response vessel. The ship has a 3,450-ton displacement, and can penetrate ice ridges up to an impressive 5 meters thick, while operating at speeds up to 9.5 knots in 1-meter thick ice.

The Louhi, a unique Finnish multipurpose vessel design by ILS Oy Ship Design & Engineering with impressive icebreaking capabilities. © Photo: ILS Oy Ship Design & Engineering

#2: Canada 🍁 🇨🇦

Canada, Russia’s Arctic neighbor to the north, has an Arctic coastline stretching a whopping 162,000 kilometers thanks to 94 major and 36,400+ minor islands covering a territory of some 1.4 million square kilometers. That makes a large and diverse icebreaker fleet essential for assuring the country’s sovereign claims. Canada’s Coast Guard operates at least 15 icebreakers (about half of them capable of operations in the far north), at least three icebreaker/tug/supply vessels purchased from Sweden, and two offshore patrol vessels with icebreaking capabilities operated by the Navy.

The flagship of Canada’s icebreaking fleet is the Louis S. St-Laurent, a massive, 15,324 ton heavy icebreaker commissioned in 1969 and undergoing refits in the late 1980s and 2000, with room for two Bell 429 helicopters onboard and enough space to comfortably supply 46 crew for over 6 months at a time. The ship can break through ice between three and five meters thick, with its ice horn designed to protect the rudder.

Top: Louis S. St-Laurent, the flagship and pride of the Canadian Coast Guard's icebreaker fleet. © Photo: Serg Tremblay Bottom: HMCS Harry DeWolf on patrol in Dutch Harbor, September 2021. © Photo: US Coast Guard

Other prominent vessels in the fleet include four ships of the Pierre Radisson-class of medium icebreakers, which weigh 8,180 tons fully loaded and can plow through ice a meter thick at speeds up to 6 knots, and the Martha L. Black class – featuring six light icebreakers built in the 1980s weighing about 4,740 tons full load, and operating off British Columbia, Quebec, Newfoundland and Labrador, and Nova Scotia.

The Canadian Navy’s icebreaking-capable warships including the HMCS Harry DeWolf and the HMCS Margaret Brooke, which can slash through first-year sea ice up to 120 centimeters thick.

#1 Russia 🇷🇺

Dwarfing the rest of the countries in this list, with more icebreakers than the rest of the planet put together, is Russia, whose fleet includes about 45 large icebreakers (seven of them nuclear-powered), well over a dozen off-shore icebreaking anchor-handling tug supply vessels, at least seven icebreaking-capable warships, and three research and survey vessels.

The nuclear-powered portion of the fleet includes the Yamal, the 50 Let Pobedy, the Taymyr, the Vaygach, and the brand new Project 22220 series Arktika, Sibir and Ural vessels, which were commissioned in 2020, 2021 and 2022, respectively (the fourth ship, the Yakutiya is set to join them this year, while the Chukotka, Leningrad and Stalingrad are expected by 2030). These massive, 173.3 meter-long ships have a complement of 75, helideck and hangar, and are propelled by two RITM-200 175 MWt-apiece nuclear reactors and twin turbo generators, allowing them to accelerate to speeds of up to 22 knots through open waters, or 1.5-2 knots in ice 2.8 meters thick (with the ability to operate in ice up to 4 meters thick at slower speeds).

Top: Russia's Arktika-series nuclear-powered icebreaker being pulled along by tugs in a shipyard. © Sputnik/Aleksander Galperin/Go to the mediabank Bottom: Project 21900M diesel-electric icebreaker Novorossiysk in the harbor in Murmansk. © Sputnik/Pavel Lvov

Russia owes its nuclear icebreaking prowess to the Lenin, the world’s first nuclear-powered icebreaker, commissioned in 1959 and turned into a museum ship permanently docked in Murmansk in 1989.

An even larger icebreaker, the Project 10510 Rossiya, which is 219 meters long and displaces nearly 70,000 tons, will be able to crack through 4-meter thick ice with ease, and leave a large, 47.7 meter-wide path for any ships it happens to be escorting. The ship’s 127-person crew will be able to operate non-stop for up to 8 months at a time, enough to ensure comfortable year-round for operations through Russia’s Northern Sea Route passage.

Diesel-powered ships in the Russian icebreaking fleet include the Admiral Makarov, a veteran scientific and supply ship commissioned in 1975, seven ships total of the Kapitan Sorokin and Mudyug-class icebreakers built for the USSR by Finland in the 1970s and 1980s, and the new Project 21900 ships, the Moskva and the Sankt-Peterburg, built in 2008 and 2009, respectively. The latter displace 14,300 tons, and crack through ice up to 1.5 meters. A modernized model of the Project 21900, Project 21900M, has been built from 2015 onward, and includes the Vladivostok, Murmansk and Novorossiysk. Two more, the Arkhangelsk and the Vyborg, are on the way and may be delivered as soon as this year.

Top: The new generation diesel-electric icebreaker Ilya Muromets being launched into the water from its drydock. © Sputnik/Igor Russak/Go to the Mediabank

The Russian Navy’s complement of icebreakers includes the Ilya Muromets, a 6,000 ton-displacement vessel commissioned in 2017 featuring a unique contra-rotating propeller design, and the Evpatiy Kolovrat, which displaces 4,080 tons, and is expected to be commissioned by the Pacific Fleet later this year. The ships are expected to facilitate naval operations in ice up to 1.5 meters thick.

Finally yet importantly are Russia’s active icebreaking research ships, the Mikhail Somev, Akademik Fedorov and Akademik Tryoshnikov, built between the mid-1970s and the early 2010s. These vessels are between 133.5 and 141 meters long, displace between 16,200-16,500 tons, and are classed for independent operations through ice between 1.4 and 3.2 meters thick. Scientists the world over owe much of our fundamental knowledge about the most remote regions of the Arctic and Antarctic to Soviet and Russian icebreaking research ship technology, and to the many thousands of researchers and scholars who have worked aboard them over the decades.

— Ilya Tsukanov | Sputnik International | Sunday February 11, 2024

[conexaoamerica]

Alaska 🇺🇸 . . . . ➢ Credit 👉🏆📸 @williamfrohne . . . ➢ Follow 👉 🇺🇸@conexao.america for more photos and movies about United States 🇺🇸 . . . . ➢ Alliance @america_states @enjoy_la_ @latinbrazil . . . ➢ ✈ Mark your photo with tag #conexaoamerica or @conexao.america and we'll post it! . . . . . #usa #america #usa🇺🇸 #americandream #iloveusa🇺🇸 #usalove #americanfreedom #motivation #americanlife #americanstyle #usapatriot #usacity #usacitys #alaska #alaskausa #alaskausa🇺🇸 #alaskalife #alaskaphotography #alaska_usa #alaskanature #alaskanaturephotos #nature #natureusa #alaskaliving #alaskaadventure #alaskawildlife #alaskalove (em Alaska - Eua) https://www.instagram.com/p/CmEArGUOwc1/?igshid=NGJjMDIxMWI=

[ecoharbor]

📍Alaska, USA 🇺🇸

[thetruth92]

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