#also cpc mouthwash

[disasterhimbo]

My parents gave me money for Christmas instead of buying eSIMs for Gaza like I asked for and now I’m tempted to use it on groceries instead 🙃 being poor fucking sucks lol

[thatdiabolicalfeminist]

Hiii I hope youre doing alright. <3 I remember you mentioning you use a certain mouth wash to help with covid protection and Im just wondering what mouth wash it was? Im not sure what ingredients to look for so I figured Id ask. Tysm for the help! I hope this isnt too annoying to respond to. 😅🙈

Hi I love asks like these bc I love sharing information and this is straightforward n easy to answer!! I hope you don't mind me answering publicly bc I think more people should know about this!!

Cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC) is the mouthwash ingredient that kills covid virus in the mouth and upper throat!

Ideally paired with other preventatives, it can drastically reduce risk since it reduces the amount of live virus at the point of infection. I use it right after being around people I don't live with, and during long events I have a travel bottle in my purse to refresh every couple hours. I use this mouthwash (under $4 for a big bottle): https://www.walmart.com/ip/Equate-Alcohol-Free-Multi-Action-Antiseptic-Oral-Rinse-Zesty-Mint-33-8-fl-oz/26441079

(If you end up buying it elsewhere, double check for "Cetylpyridinium chloride" in the active ingredients. Some search results are misleading.)

Nose sprays can also help mitigate covid risk: https://www.okdoomer.io/nose-sprays-offer-a-last-line-of-defense/?ref=ok-doomer-newsletter

Fun fact, even if you DO get covid, studies have shown the fewer virus particles you're exposed to when you first get infected, the less severe the infection itself is likely to be for you!!

[swampgallows]

There is more COVID-19 transmission today (January 2024) than during 94.7% of the pandemic.

💉 Please get the updated (new, not a booster) Covid vaccine. If you're in the US, ask your local pharmacy about the Bridge Access Program for free vaccines. You can also search vaccines.gov then select Bridge Access Program participant.

If you do not want an mRNA vaccine for whatever reason, consider Novavax: it is protein-based like other typical vaccines from the last few decades, and many (including myself) report minimal side effects. Talk to your doctor if you have questions or concerns.

😷 Wear a mask in public and/or any enclosed areas. "Mask" means a respirator of KN95/N95 filtration or higher, not a cloth or surgical (blue) mask. Covid is airborne, so an airtight seal and particulate filter is necessary for protection. Different kinds of respirators are used for everything from toxic fumes to asbestos removal; when worn properly, they greatly reduce risk.

Here is a guide for proper use and fitting of a respiratory mask.

Here is a short video by 3M (respirator manufacturer) on the importance of fit-testing.

🧪 Have tests ready. With the new variants it can sometimes take 5-8 days to test positive, so be sure to test twice, 48 hours apart. If you're in the US, you can get 4 free rapid tests sent to your home through USPS. Local schools and libraries also may have free rapid tests. If you qualify for the Test to Treat program, you can receive free at-home NAAT tests and treatment for both flu AND Covid, and access to telehealth. The earlier you test positive, the more likely you will be eligible for treatment with Paxlovid.

🔁 If you can afford it, air purifiers and HEPA filters can help reduce transmission. Making a Corsi-Rosenthal box is simple and inexpensive. If weather permits, keeping windows open helps. Ventilation allows fresh air to circulate.

👃 Nasal sprays and CPC mouthwash are other useful prophylactic measures when used in conjunction with PPE and other modes of mitigation like masking and distancing.

🚬There is still a risk of Covid when outside, similar to exposure from secondhand smoke or a fire. Since Covid is spread through aerosols, it can hang in the air like smoke.

🐶 As with other coronaviruses, many household pets can get Covid. If you have been exposed, avoid contact with animals.

"But I'm not old or weak. Why should I care?"

☣ Covid can still kill you or disable you for life, even if your initial sickness is "mild". Even if you are young and have no preexisting conditions. 90% of the original "long haulers" had "mild" cases.

🩺 Covid increases your risk of stroke, blood clots, and heart disease by 2 to 5 times within a year of infection. It can also cause brain damage, which is part of the loss of taste and smell and cognitive symptoms like brain fog.

🩸 Covid is able to infect multiple organ systems because it travels through the bloodstream and attacks the mitochondria, leading to dysfunction and chronic fatigue.

⚠ Reinfection doesn't make your body better at fighting Covid; it just does more damage to your immune system, akin to HIV. A damaged immune system is worse at fighting off illness, more susceptible to infection, and can lead to serious complications like pneumonia. And with every reinfection, your chances of developing Long Covid increase. Therefore, the best protection for your immune system is to avoid getting Covid as much as possible.

I know everyone is tired of this. But if there was any time to be vigilant, it is now. Please, let's protect each other.

[counterintuitivecomics]

Some colorized bits from my recent free printable zine WHY WE MASK: It's Not "Just A Cold"! I purposefully made the whole thing b&w to make printing as cheap as possible, but it's fun to add color especially to the snot-splosions.

HEY COMICS FRIENDS going to SPX or other cons this weekend - MASK UP, EAT OUTDOORS, and REST if you start feeling run down. COVID-19 levels are BAD bad right now (it's currently the worst September out of the whole pandemic) and the government does not have our backs. This virus causes YEARS worth of horrible vascular, neurological, and immune system damage, and each infection raises your chances of gaining fun new disabilities that could prevent you ever making comics again.

I strongly advice cancelling festivals, cons, indoor dining, anything involving crowds indoors OR outdoors, etc. But I know people depend on income from cons, so: PACK MASKS, NASAL SPRAY, and CPC MOUTHWASH and actually use them! If you develop any COVID-19 symptoms (headaches, dizziness, nausea, stomach pain, diarrhea, sore throat, sore joints, etc) don't assume it's "just a cold". Stay in your dang hotel room and REST! You can TRY to "push through" to keep tabling but you are NOT gonna like the long-term results (aka Long COVID).

I care about all you comics people and I want you to enjoy many more decades of making and sharing and reading comics with each other. If you're feeling sick at a show this weekend and don't know what to do, drop me a line! No judgements. Take care of yourself and each other out there and remember, no one can rest your body for you but you.

(Image Descriptions are in the Alt Text. Also please feel free to print my zine and hand it out if you do go)

[laurellynnleake]

🎇 NYE COVID-19 RED ALERT - AVOID CROWDS & MASK UP 🎆

You wouldn't know it from our governments, but Turtle Island, aka the US & Canada, are in the worst spike of illness and deaths since 2020's deadly Omicron surge.

That means it's more dangerous to go to a New Years party this weekend than it's been for approximately 96.4% OF THE ENTIRE PANDEMIC. It's bad out there tonight, and your odds of staying healthy after an unmasked gathering are NOT good.

The more people at your party, the higher the chance you'll catch COVID-19. You may think it's worth the risk, since many people appear to have "mild" infections, but that's not the whole story.

The first 2 weeks of COVID-19, aka the "acute phase", are just the beginning. Even if you don't need emergency hospitalization, or even if you never have any symptoms at all, the virus SARS-CoV-2 responsible for COVID-19 silently turns your immune system against you and shreds the lining of your circulatory and nervous systems. This can permanently elevate your risk of heart attacks, strokes, digestive problems, and even life-changing disabling disorders like ME/CFS.

And even if you escape relatively unscathed, you could pass the virus onto loved ones who WILL get hit hard, and survive with new life-long disabilities, or not survive at all.

COVID-19 never left, and our healthcare systems are NOT looking out for us. We have to take care of each other. Please, please rethink going out to that party tonight. If you can't avoid socializing, please protect yourself as much as you can:

Wear WELL-FITTING respiratory masks like N95s & KN94s

Use nasal sprays before & after, & CPC mouthwash after

Gather outdoors whenever possible

Get good air circulation indoors with air filters like CR Boxes, or open windows for outside air (bundle up if it's cold)

More resources on these tips, and how to reduce the damage if you do get sick, can be found on this COVID Safety Roundup list. All graphics courtesy of the Pandemic Mitigation Collection and Dr. Michael Hoebert, from their website. Hoebert further breaks down the data on his twitter too.

You can also ask me any particular questions and I'll do my best to help! We all deserve to survive this, and we'll do it together.

[thatchronicfeeling]

Low Cost Stuff That May Help If You Get Covid

Brush your teeth as usual (+ floss if that's something you do)

Mouthwash (things you could use: CPC mouthwash; cooled green tea; salt water) cpc = cetylpyridinium chloride, an ingredient in many/most commercial mouthwashes

Green Tea (drink on an empty stomach if possible; can also be used for swishing/gargling once it has cooled; if green tea isn't doable for you, black tea is an alternative)

Nasal Spray (if chemicals in nasal spray causing an issue for you, saline nasal spray also an option)

Vitamin C supplement

Antihistamine

Other prophylactics to consider: Nattokinase, Grape Seed Extract, EGCG supplements

Natto (if this is something you already eat, or would like to try. It's fermented soya beans and is popular in Japan, although I think there's a similar dish in Korea. I'd love to try this, but can't digest beans!)

The idea with all of this stuff is that it may work to reduce viral load in the hope of minimising symptoms. And your chance of developing Long Covid. These things may also help reduce/minimise some symptoms, if you have Long Covid already. I've been following this closely because I have severe ME and POTS and there's a big overlap. I have learned a lot from LongCovidPharmD, who has a great (free) substack, which shares research-based info on what might help: https://substack.com/profile/2921065-longcovidpharmd LongCovidPharmD emphasises safety re. dosages and potential interactions if you're already on any meds. **Just to include that this isn't medical advice and I'm not a medical doctor. Just a disabled person who wants us all to survive.**

[liminalweirdo]

over 20,000 people in the United States died of Covid-19 since the beginning of 2024. Millions who avoided death are nonetheless still living with Long Covid, and this number grows each month. We are still in crisis.

Most importantly, though, implementing accessibility measures during an active pandemic is the right thing to do, as it makes events safer for everyone. Black communities, people of color, the disability community at large, members of the LGBTQIA+ community, and low-income communities continue to be especially hard-hit by the pandemic and the abandonment of Covid-19 precautions. The pandemic reproduces the very forms of ableism, classism, and racism that existed before 2020. There are millions of already systemically marginalized people who are being further pushed out of public life. This is unjust, and we must do better. 

[However,] a blueprint for radical inclusion and living a full, safer life within the context of Covid-19 exists.

source

Install HEPA filters in your space. Installing a plug-in air purifier in your space is a great place to begin. Because almost all public spaces currently fall short of the ventilation needed for Covid-19 safety, it’s safe to assume that your space would also benefit from this efficient first step. Make sure it’s appropriately sized for your space and continuously running. If funds allow, upgrade your HVAC system to include HEPA filtration.

Practice mask requirements. Consider requiring and providing high-quality masks for everyone who will be in your space and attending your events. Contrary to popular belief, mask requirements do not deter guests in any meaningful numbers. Clean Air Club has been hosting Covid-safer events in Chicago for over a year, and a majority of the mask-required events sell out every time. If obtaining masks for your event is cost-prohibitive, check in with your local mask bloc for assistance.

Collect and share data on the safety of your space and region. Collect data on the ventilation in your space using a carbon dioxide (CO2) monitor. The higher the number, the more attention you need to pay to improving the ventilation and air purification in the space. Open windows and doors, crank up the HVAC, and plug in another purifier. You’ll know you’ve succeeded when the CO2 levels in your space are close to the levels expected outdoors in fresh air (around 400 ppm). As a bonus, this improved ventilation and purification will remediate poor air quality due to climate-change induced wildfires, improve concentration, and aid in accommodating disabling conditions such as asthma and allergies. Data collection should also include monitoring wastewater data, now our most accurate picture of the true prevalence of Covid-19 and other wastewater-monitored viruses in our population at any given time. We can use this data to increase the number of mitigation strategies adopted when wastewater levels are high. Consider creating an internal chart at your organization that lists protocols associated with different wastewater levels, reducing the burden of communication and oversight during higher periods.

Consider additional mitigation layers. Some of the other layers of protection from the swiss cheese model include: pre-event testing, far-UVC lights, providing options for virtual participation, and asking guests to stay home if they’re showing any symptoms of contagious or novel illness. Consider promoting individualized mitigation approaches within your organizations, such as the usage of nasal spray and CPC mouthwash. The key is to remain creative, flexible, and open to adding layers of protection in response to changing risk levels in the environment.

Open up lines of communication. As you implement mitigation layers, communicate them to your community. Ask them how they’ve been impacted by Covid-19 and give people space to share their access needs and ideas. This will provide a crucial why behind your actions and investments. Using the accessibility principle of designing for the highest possible need, your virus safety plan should accommodate the most vulnerable and impacted community members rather than those who have high risk thresholds or behave as though the pandemic is over. Part of effective pandemic communication includes providing accessibility and virus safety information in an Access Note or in an Accessibility Guide. This information should be repeated often in marketing and outreach materials.

Resources

[covid-safer-hotties]

Butch anon consider getting nose spray and CPC mouthwash!!! I can share a place to get betadine in the states or you can get covixyl easily here. Covixyl is about 60% effective protection and betadine is 80%, then using a cpc mouthwash like pro health will reduce the viral load in your throat after being out. I still mask and use these in conjunction with masking in high risk situations but if you can't mask it's easily better than nothing.

Unfortunately, those statistics are based on lab-conditons and potentially infective people spreading covid. There have been no conclusive studies released on the effect of nasal sprays and mouthwashes on preventing covid infection in individuals, though some statistcal analysis shows a correlation. Neither method stops virions from being inhaled into the deepest parts of your lung and should be called prophylactic at best, not preventative. They are also short-term solutions, and CPC mouthwash has side effects like gum damage and perhaps even cancer associated with overuse. Portable air filtration offers more preventative protection, but it runs similar risks of detection and often has a short, unreliable charge.

[angels-heap]

I would love any advice you have for protecting yourself against covid in a work environment where no one else cares, because I’m in the same boat.

That really, really sucks, friend. As I said, I don't have all the answers, but here's what I've learned over the last few years and what's worked for me and my inner circle so far. Note that much of this advice will be US-centric because that's what I know best.

First, some light reading: This Covid Safety 101 flyer/infographic includes a ton of helpful info, and I've had some success using it as a conversation starter in my workplace. TL;DR: COVID is airborne, it's a SARS virus, its effects can be devastating, and your risk of Long COVID increases with each infection. We should all be taking steps to contract COVID as few times as possible and spread it as little as possible, with or without the support we should be getting from our public health institutions.

As for practical suggestions, many of them unfortunately cost a non-inconsequential amount of money because we live in a capitalist hellscape, but here are some things you can try, roughly ordered from least to most expensive.

Awareness: COVID is airborne!

A lot of folks, including people in the medical field (!!!) seem hesitant to believe/accept that COVID is airborne, even though this has been understood by researchers since fairly early on in the pandemic. Since most lingering "infection prevention" protocols focus on things like handwashing, disinfecting surfaces, and keeping a six foot distance from other people (all good for public health, but not particularly helpful for COVID), you'll need to gauge your own safety and comfort when around others.

As a general rule, if you're close enough to someone that you could smell their vape or cigarette smoke if they were engaging in such an activity, you're probably close enough catch COVID from them. Also, like smoke, COVID can linger in the air for a while after someone leaves a room. Adjust your habits accordingly and keep your mask on as much as possible (see below).

CPC Mouthwash and Nasal Sprays

I haven't had time to do a ton of research on these options, so take my recommendations with a grain of salt, but it sounds like there's some research coming out that suggests certain nasal sprays and mouthwashes containing CPC (Cetylpyridinium Chloride) may help neutralize viruses or block them from entering your body (or, at the very least, they may help reduce your viral load). I've been using Crest Pro-Health Clinical Rinse mouthwash before and after interacting with people for the last few months; I don't know how much of a role it's played in keeping me safe, but it might be helping, and even if it's not, it was cheap and my breath is always minty fresh. Here's some more info about nasal sprays, since I don't know enough about them to make any specific recommendations.

Testing

Keep a few rapid antigen tests on hand, if you can, but know their limits as a diagnostic or preventive measure, especially as new variants continue to evolve. My current understanding is that many new variants won't show up on a home test until day 3-4 of symptoms. What this means for you is:

Testing when you're completely asymptomatic and don't have any known recent exposures is probably not the best use of your resources.

If you have any unusual symptoms that might indicate illness, stay home (or wear a high quality mask, if you must interact with others). A negative test doesn't necessarily mean you're in the clear, and if you're sick, you can transmit COVID for several days before you test positive.

Swabbing your mouth and throat in addition to your nose (in that order, obviously) may increase the sensitivity of home tests.

Any sign of a positive test line counts as a positive! If the test line is very, very faint, that still counts.

If you feel sick, but your first test comes back negative, try again in a few days and keep testing periodically until you feel better and are no longer testing positive.

Vaccines

They're not perfect, and they won't get us out of this mess on their own, but if you have access to vaccines, get them. Any vaccine is better than no vaccine, but FWIW, I personally opted to get Novavax this year, after learning that it was the jab of choice for many COVID safety advocates and researchers. Pros of Novavax, specifically, include lower risk of side effects, possibly more durable immunity, and it's not an mRNA vaccine (great option for the vaccine skeptics in your life). But in the end, get whatever you can get.

Masks

If you're not already wearing an N95 respirator or similar, such as KN95, FFP2, KF94, etc., anytime you're indoors (or outdoors in a crowd), now's the time to start. One-way masking isn't perfect, but it's a lot more effective than no-way masking. As someone with a fairly petite face, I've had a hell of a time finding N95 masks that fit me. Through my many expensive mistakes, I have learned:

Avoid buying masks on Amazon, if at all possible. There are a lot of fakes out there.

If most masks fit you comfortably and you're comfortable wearing masks with headstraps (which tend to have a better seal than earloop masks), the 3M Aura is fantastic.

WellBefore sells masks in a variety of styles, sizes, and colors for affordable-ish prices. If you have a more petite face and have found that blue surgical masks and most N95s are huge on you, try their small or child sized masks.

BreatheTeq makes great masks in 4 sizes, and they sell a sample sizing kit for $7 + shipping to help you avoid wasting money.

Masks with headstraps generally form a better seal than masks with ear loops, but the most effective mask is one that you can/will actually wear semi-comfortably. Don't let perfect be the enemy of good. I've been wearing earloop masks for 3.5 years and have made it through multiple known exposures unscathed.

If you can afford to keep a few extra masks on hand to offer to colleages who have to be in your space, people who are coughing in public, or people who seem to be trying but they're still wearing inadequate surgical or cloth masks, do so. More often than not, people will take and wear them when offered!

Air Filtration

If we lived in a society that believed in public health and safety over profits, we'd have spent the last 3 years improving air filtration in public spaces. Alas, most places did not do this, so your next best options are as follows:

Open windows and prop doors whenever you can! Your goal is to keep fresh air moving through your space and minimize the amount of air that will be "re-breathed" by multiple people.

Build a Corsi-Rosenthal box with furnace filters and a box fan. Pros: Fairly cheap and easy to do; Cons: Boxes are large and can be loud. Some sites also provide instructions and/or sell kits to make smaller, more portable C-R boxes out of desktop computer fans.

Buy a HEPA air purifier (or 2, or 3), or try to get your workplace to shell out for one. While many brands sell small, portable purifiers that are around the size of a lunchbox, I would personally recommend that you buy the largest one you can afford. The smaller ones are probably better than nothing, but you really want a more room-scale solution, if possible. I've had good experiences with Medify Air and Coway air purifiers, but I'm sure there are other great brands out there as well.

If you buy an air purifier, you want one with a HEPA filter and without an ionizer, as ionizers aren't as helpful as the advertising would lead you to believe and they can pose health risks (ozone exposure, etc.).

Measuring Air Quality

If you can afford it, buy an Aranet 4 CO2 monitor. Yes, they're expensive, but I haven't heard of any cheaper products that compare in terms of accuracy or portability. (And they do occasionally go on sale on Amazon.) The Aranet 4 measures the concentration of carbon dioxide in the air around you. This reading is a great proxy for how much COVID might be in the air, and it can help you identify which areas of your home or workplace are the safest, and which ones would benefit the most from fresh air, an air purifier, or other safety measures.

[pierayanna]

COVID-19

We are currently in the largest COVID surge of all-time in the US.

There is also a new variant that is not protected by the previous vaccine.

Please start back masking and please get the COVID-19 booster (schedule with your local pharmacy).

Wastewater counts are obscenely high right now, belying the official case numbers. Considering that we've stopped collecting or reporting most COVID data, wastewater is the best way we have to judge the actual infection rate now. Wastewater is collected from washing our hands, going the bathroom, etc. We shed COVID into the water system and based on the concentration of COVID in waste water, we can get very accurate estimates of how many people are infected at one time.

We are currently seeing ten million new infections a week, and can expect that to greatly increase within the next three weeks.

* If you've stopped masking, please start again, for your own safety and the safety of your community. Many hospital systems are already trending toward being overwhelmed right now; wear a mask when in crowded, enclosed, or poorly ventilated areas, and keep a safe distance from others, as feasible.

* Avoid unnecessary gatherings where possible.

* Ventilate your spaces well (Corsi-Rosenthal Box).

* Reevaluate casual habits (touching face, respiratory etiquette—covering coughs and sneezes, clean your hands regularly, stay home if you are sick, get tested if you have symptoms, or if you might have been exposed to someone with COVID-19 or influenza)

Please be aware of Long Covid.

COVID impacts the immune system similar to HIV in that it hides in the body and continues to wreak havoc in the various organ system by driving inflammation and disrupting the immune response. It causes neurological, vascular, and immune dysfunction.

Patients with long COVID generally have symptoms that fall into three categories or phenotypes: fatigue, neurocognitive symptoms such as brain fog or headaches, and cardiovascular symptoms such as shortness of breath, heart arrythmias, exercise intolerance, and blood clots. Patients may have more than one type, and some also have symptoms like constipation, diarrhea, or loss of taste and smell that don’t seem to fit neatly into one of the three groups.

This is a period where we need to act with more care. Not a time to panic, but a time to be more cautious.

If you contract COVID, these are some helpful things that work to reduce viral load in the hope of minimising symptoms. And your chance of developing Long Covid:

* Brush & floss as usual

* Mouthwash (CPC (cetylpyridinium chloride, an ingredient in many/most commercial mouthwashes), cooled green tea, salt water)

* Green Tea (drink on an empty stomach if possible; can also be used for swishing/gargling once it has cooled; if green tea isn't doable for you, black tea is an alternative)

* Nasal Spray (if chemicals in nasal spray causing an issue for you, saline nasal spray also an option)

* Vitamin C supplement

* Antihistamines

* Other prophylactics to consider: Nattokinase, Grape Seed Extract, EGCG supplements

* Natto (if this is something you already eat, or would like to try. It's fermented soya beans and is popular in Japan

* Mask & Vaccinate!! A fully vaccinated individual is five times less likely to continue to have any symptoms or ill-effects three months after their initial infection compared to someone who has not been vaccinated.

Not a medical professional but compiled resources from medical professionals and individuals with disabilities including long COVID.

Free Palestine. Free Congo. Free Sudan. Free Tigray. Stop Cop City. Eyes on the Mass Graves in Jackson.

Please SHARE & Please participate in the Global Strike for Palestine 1.21-1.28.

[willowreader]

Besides wearing a mask I also use mouthwash if I think I might have had a COVID exposure. You must make sure the mouthwash has the ingredient mentioned in this article.

[pers-books]

Mouth care advice for those with Covid-19

From Salisbury hospital, England:

Salisbury Hospital COVID-19 Mouth Care Guidance

We advise that patients who have COVID-19, or who are suspected of having COVID-19, should follow careful steps to ensure good mouth care during and after their illness.

This advice is based on 1) research demonstrating that the mouth is a reservoir of SARS-CoV-2 (the virus that causes COVID-19) and is a site of virus copying; and 2) research which suggests that the virus could pass from saliva into the blood vessels of the mouth and then travel to the lungs via the bloodstream, rather than just by inhalation into the airways of the lungs.

Why this is important for you

·     A teaspoon of saliva can contain 500 million copies of the SARS-CoV-2 virus.

·     The more virus there is in someone’s saliva the more likely they are to get more severe COVID-19.

·     Having high virus numbers in saliva is a stronger predictor of death than a patient’s age.

·     Having severe gum disease increases the risk of getting severe COVID-19.

·     Research shows that those who die from COVID-19 are 8.8 times more likely to have had severe gum disease.

Put another way, the increased risk of death from COVID-19 in people with severe gum disease is 780% higher.

·     Research shows that the SARS-CoV-2 virus can be killed in the test tube with the use of some specific mouthwash products which are cheap and easily available in supermarkets, pharmacies, and online (see list below).

·     Oral healthcare measures have also been shown to improve the chance of recovery from other types of pneumonia in hospital patients.  The same might be true for COVID-19.

Guidance

Here are the simple steps that adults can take every day to protect and improve their oral health. These steps are based on advice from Public Health England: Delivering Better Oral Health, and The European Federation of Periodontology: Primary Prevention of Periodontitis.

1.    Clean between the teeth by interdental brushing, or floss where the gaps are too tight to use interdental brushes.

2.   Brush your teeth at least twice a day for at least 2 minutes using a fluoride toothpaste.

3.   Brush last thing at night so there are lower numbers of troublesome bacteria in your mouth while you sleep.

4.   Brush all surfaces of each tooth carefully and specifically clean well along the gum line.

5.   Spit out after toothbrushing but do not rinse away the toothpaste from your mouth as it contains protective agents against gum disease and tooth decay – spit, don’t rinse!

6.   Use a mouthwash. (See guidance below).

7.   In view of 5, use mouthwash at a separate time from when you brush your teeth (not within 30 minutes).

8.   If you wear dentures it is important to clean them after meals to remove debris.  The mouth should also be cleaned with a soft toothbrush twice a day.

Which mouthwash should I use?

The following specific products have been shown to be active against SARS-CoV-2 in test tubes.

·              Dentyl Dual Action (contains CPC) – (requires shaking)

·              Dentyl Fresh Protect (contains CPC)

·              Listerine Advanced Defence Gum Treatment (contains ELA / LAE)

·              Corsodyl (contains Chlorhexidine which has only limited evidence for anti-SARS-CoV-2 effects)

These products are safe enough to be sold without prescription. Follow the instructions on the bottle.

Mouthwash should not be swallowed. If someone does not understand that the mouthwash should not be swallowed, then it should not be used, or only used under supervision.  

Note: Mouthwashes containing only alcohol or chlorhexidine are effective at killing plaque bacteria which possibly encourage entry of SARS-CoV-2, but there is limited evidence that they directly kill the virus. Only products containing Cetylpyridinium Chloride (CPC) or Ethyl Lauroyl Arginate (ELA / LAE) have evidence for killing SARS-CoV-2 in the test tube. We await the results of clinical trials of their effect in the mouth.

Should I use these mouthwashes if I have COVID-19?

Yes, even if you feel well, we suggest you start using one of these mouthwashes immediately after a positive test for COVID-19 and continue its use for at least 2 weeks. The SARS-CoV-2 virus can stay in the saliva in the mouth for more than two months after infection.

Note: Alcohol and benzoic acid can irritate the mouth, so products containing these (such as the Listerine product) should not be used for prolonged periods, unless advised by your dentist.

Any questions?

If you have any questions, please ask staff in the ward or department, or seek advice from your dentist.

 Document author: Graham Lloyd-Jones (Consultant Radiologist, Salisbury NHS Foundation Trust)

Reviewed by: Iain Chapple (Professor of Periodontology, Birmingham University)

Mili Doshi (Consultant in Special Care Dentistry, Surrey and Sussex Healthcare NHS Trust)

Katy Kerr (Associate Postgraduate Dental Dean, Health Education England, South East)

Updated version available here - https://www.salisbury.nhs.uk/coronavirus/covid-19-mouth-care/

[rajyog7493]

How Impacted COVID-19 on Oral Care in Healthcare Industry ?

Impact of COVID-19 on Oral Care in Healthcare Industry

OVERVIEW

The COVID-19 pandemic has posed a complex challenge in front of several healthcare companies and proved to be an unprecedented global health threat. This global pandemic has emerged in December 2019 which has been proved as a global pandemic by WHO in March 2020.  With the development and introduction of novel coronavirus vaccine, COVID-19 cases have been declined but with the development of mutant coronavirus strain, the overall COVID-19 cases have been surged and are increasing at a rapid rate in India, and the U.K, and other European countries.

The most common symptoms associated with this include cough, fever, diarrhea, sore throat, and loss of smell or taste. Patients affected with COVID-19 are at increased risk of developing hepatic manifestations and also experiences damage to liver tissues.

COVID-19 has led to the closure and reduced hours of dental practices except for emergency and urgent services, limiting routine care and prevention. Dental care includes aerosol-generating procedures that can increase viral transmission. The pandemic offers an opportunity for the dental profession to shift more toward non-aerosolizing, prevention-centric approaches to care and away from surgical interventions. Direct effects of COVID-19 on oral health include ageusia (an official symptom of COVID-19) and case reports of vesiculobullous lesions and necrotizing periodontal disease.

oral care product has a wide portfolio such as breath Fresheners, Mouth Wash, Dental Floss, among other products. The Article here shows the impact of COVID-19 on the oral care market.

THE IMPACT OF COVID-19 INFECTION ON ORAL CARE

The rising awareness of oral hygiene COVID-19 has increased the demand for a product requires for oral care as the increasing studies for SARS-COV-2 indicated that proper oral hygiene has been reported to decrease the chances of infection which increases the demand for mouth wash, oral povidone solution, novel gargle solution.

·         However, due to restrictions and aims to reduce COVID-19 transmission, 30% of respondents had visited a dentist less frequently during the pandemic

The second cause of increasing demand for oral care products is that approximately 90% of the product used in oral care are over the counter which can be added as the plus point in maintaining the demand for oral care products.

The market players in oral care are also focused on the research to bring novel products to interstate commerce.

For instance,

·         Microbac Laboratories, an independent and internationally accredited testing facility worked on behalf of Unilever Research Laboratories, has found that rinsing with mouthwash containing CPC Technology for 30 seconds is effective in reducing the viral load of SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes Covid-19, by 99.9%. This type of research surge the demand for the oral product

·         Colgate-Palmolive President mentioned in an interview that they have seen elevated demand for oral care related to viruses, which also boosted the innovative growth related to a premium product

This suggests that the increasing prevalence of COVID-19 poses precautionary measures due to which the global population started to take concern for their health hence enhance the demand for oral care. This thus signifies that COVID-19 is accelerating the demand of the oral care market.

IMPACT ON DEMAND

The coronavirus has affected the various regions of the world and caused the widespread closure of companies and local manufacturing plants. This lockdown and isolation have adversely impacted global economic activity.

As studies around the world have shown the improving oral hygiene is expected to increase the chance of generating demand for the product.

IMPACT ON SUPPLY

The COVID 19 pandemic has affected and badly disrupted the global drug supply chain due to the continuous shut down of manufacturing facilities and restrictions imposed by the government over import and export activities. As per global sources, it was found that the beauty care business is still facing a crisis due to COVID-19. However, oral care market players are in a strong position. The two main leaders Colgate-Palmolive and Johnson and Johnson had seen a lift in sales in Q1 2020. Colgate-Palmoliva has net sales of USD 415 million for Q3 2020, up by 5.5% from the previous year.

The surge of demand for oral care increased during COVID-19 however, the global restriction, and state-wise travel restriction has caused challenges for the market player. Moreover, there are many local players also in the oral care market that continued to fulfill the demand in case of any disruption.

Oral care is categorized under essential need products which leads to the easy flow of these products. The main challenges during the pandemic is the supply of API’s and Ingredient or excipient used in toothpaste, as China holds the major share in API’s and other chemicals used in oral care and global restriction has somehow affected the supply chain for these products too.

This, thus signifies that due to continuous lockdown and several restrictions by government authorities the companies and patients are facing disruption of the supply chain for oral care. However, oral care is categorized under essential care which lowers the effect of supply chain disruption during COVID-19.

IMPACT ON PRICE

As the mouth is an important place for bacterial colonization due to which it is necessary to use the product for oral hygiene. With the sudden increase in COVID-19 cases, people's concerns for better health had also increased and the link between oral health and COVID-19 infection also expand the health to oral.  

As India relies on China for 70% of API’s intermediates and bulk ingredients, COVID -19 is expected to hike the price of the ingredient used for an oral care product

For instance,

·         In the year 2021, As Proctor & Gamble announced the third-quarter result in which the net sales increase by 5 %, and also mentioned that they are planning for a price hike in certain product divisions. This step is taken seeking to recover the revenue loss during COVID-19.

·         According to GlaxoSmithKline plc, the cost of dental consultation and treatment was cited as the concerning factor

This thus signifies that the COVID-19 pandemic has led to an increased price of the oral product during the fiscal year 2019-2021.

STRATEGIC DECISIONS OF MANUFACTURERS

Collaboration, agreements, strategic initiatives, product launches by market players such as Colgate Palmolive, Hindustan Unilever among others in the oral care market will help them to expand their product portfolio and to provide appropriate products to the consumer. This in turn will lead to increased product sales and hence will put a positive impact on the overall company’s revenue.

Oral Care product manufacturing companies are taking so many strategic decisions to cope up with the current scenario of COVID-19. The companies engaged in the manufacturing of toothpaste, mouth wash, gargle solutions among others are adopting several initiatives to accelerate the development of newer products and efficiently supply the product to different end-users.

Companies have done collaboration and product launches between 2019 -2020 which supports the sustainable growth in the oral care market

For instance,

·         In September 2020, Colgate Palmolive launched as first-ever vedshakti mouth protect spray, seeking their focus on oral hygiene during COVID-19.

·         Hindustan Unilever also planned to launch a mouth wash with 99 % in reducing SARS-COV-2 virus and has recently shared the preliminary data.

·         In April 2020, GlaxoSmithKline Consumer Healthcare Limited (India) merged with Hindustan Unilever Limited (HUL), with HUL responsible for the distribution of GSK’s Consumer Healthcare brands in India, including its leading oral healthcare brand, Sensodyne.

·         In April 2020, Perrigo Company plc (Ireland) completed the acquisition of the oral care assets of High Ridge Brands (US), which includes Dr. Fresh, LLC.

·         In December 2019, Colgate-Palmolive Company launched Colgate Optic White Renewal Tooth Paste.

·         In 2020, Colgate-Palmolive comes up with a recyclable toothpaste tube which will increase the interest of the population and surge the demand for the product  leading to growth in revenue of the company

Thus, companies operating in the oral care market are adopting several strategies, including collaboration, agreements, acquisition, and market expansion to enhance their business. These strategic decisions by the companies are expected to provide significant opportunities for the market players operating in the oral care market.

CONCLUSION

As the pandemic of COVID-19 has resulted in several restrictions throughout the borders but still, manufacturers of oral care can manage their stocks. Various manufacturers have allowed their manufacturers to work in a clean and safe environment to boost up the production of oral care categorized under essential need products at various manufacturing facilities across several regions of the world helping them to maintain a continuous supply chain. However, a decrease in doctor’s visit has impacted the market but the majority of products used in oral care are over the counter product which leads to continuous demand for oral care, and by raising the prices the companies are gaining extra profit which is helping them to combat the negative effect on overall revenue.

[kathleenseiber]

What works (and what doesn’t) to keep teeth and gums healthy

New research separates fact from fiction in determining which oral hygiene tools really keep teeth healthy and prevent gum disease.

Do probiotics prevent gum disease? Is flossing necessary? Many patients are unable to confidently answer these questions and more due to the abundance of conflicting medical information.

Only a handful of self-administered interventions provide additional protection against gingivitis and periodontitis beyond brushing your teeth with a basic toothbrush, the new research shows. At the moment, all other oral hygiene interventions are only supported by insufficient evidence, says Frank Scannapieco, principal investigator and chair and professor of oral biology in the University at Buffalo School of Dental Medicine.

The findings, published in the Journal of the International Academy of Periodontology, will help dental practitioners and the public identify best practices for preventing gum disease, which affects nearly half of adults 30 and older in the United States, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Scannapieco says.

“Patients can be confident that the oral care tools and practices supported by research, as described in the paper, will prevent the initiation and progression of periodontal disease, if they are performed regularly and properly,” Scannapieco says.

“It is my hope that this piece consolidates the relevant evidence in a way that is comprehensive, readable, and uniquely helpful to all oral health professionals as well as patients,” says first author Eva Volman, a University at Buffalo alumna and resident dentist at the Eastman Institute for Oral Health at the University of Rochester Medical Center.

What’s proven to work

Tooth brushing is the cornerstone of daily oral hygiene and is a reliable way to control dental plaque, says Scannapieco. And according to the research, interdental brushes and water picks performed better than other interdental oral hygiene devices at reducing gingivitis, and both should be used in combination with daily tooth brushing to prevent gum disease.

Among the numerous mouth rinses examined, those based on chlorhexidine gluconate (CHX), cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC), and essential oils (such as Listerine) proved effective at significantly reducing plaque and gingivitis.

While not effective at fighting gingivitis, toothpicks were useful for monitoring gum health, says Scannapieco. By gently prodding the gums with a toothpick and monitoring for bleeding, patients could detect signs of gum disease.

Avoid triclosan

Triclosan toothpastes and mouth rinses significantly reduced plaque and gingivitis, however, the compound is linked to the development of various types of cancers and reproductive defects.

Triclosan has been removed from most popular toothpastes in the US.

Unproven tools and methods

Electric-powered toothbrushes are no more effective at reducing plaque and gingivitis than a basic toothbrush, the researchers say. And little evidence has been published in support of dental floss—the mainstay of interdental cleaning—to reduce plaque and gingivitis. But don’t toss your floss just yet, says Scannapieco. Flossing is beneficial.

“While there are few studies available that specifically examined toothbrushes or floss alone, both are still essential. Floss is especially useful to remove interdental plaque for people who have tight space between their teeth. Floss also likely reduces the risk for cavities that form between the teeth,” says Scannapieco.

The investigators found insufficient evidence that mouthwashes based on tea tree oil, green tea, anti-inflammatory agents, hydrogen peroxide, sodium benzoate, stannous fluoride, hexetidine, or delmopinol reduced gingivitis.

The use of probiotics, although promising as a preventive strategy against gum disease, is unproven. The researchers found little evidence that supports the claim that dietary supplements improve gum health. They also found insufficient evidence that professional plaque removal (known as scaling, the process of removing plaque with a scraper) prevents gum disease.

Source: University at Buffalo

The post What works (and what doesn’t) to keep teeth and gums healthy appeared first on Futurity.

What works (and what doesn’t) to keep teeth and gums healthy published first on https://triviaqaweb.weebly.com/

[alaa4dental]

Your dentist has encouraged you to include using mouthwash as a part of your at-home oral hygiene routine. Mouthwash is a great complement to flossing and proper teeth brushing because it is a liquid that can penetrate areas of your mouth where floss and a toothbrush can't reach.

Most mouthwashes also contain alcohol, which kills germs and leaves that clean, tingling feeling in your mouth. As much as you want a clean mouth, you haven't included the regular use of mouthwash because it is yet another thing you must do, and you aren't keen on that stinging feeling mouthwash leaves behind.

Your dentist informs you that there is alcohol-free mouthwash available that won't cause that unpleasant stinging or tingling in your mouth.

There are pros and cons to using both types of mouthwash and the one you decide on will give your teeth and gums a better clean than if you didn't use mouthwash at all.

Alcohol-Free Mouthwashes

Pros

Causes no adverse reaction in children if they accidentally swallow some

Doesn't give off the burning or tingling feeling in the mouth

Is a good option for patients who struggle with alcoholism, have sores in the mouth, are diabetic, or who suffer from dry mouth syndrome

Doesn't dry the mouth out, which is essential in saliva production and oral health condition prevention

Can have a better effect on the wear, hardness, glossiness, and color of tooth restorations

Various types of alcohol-free mouth rinses are effective in treating bad breath, dry mouth, tartar and plaque build-up, and the treatment of tooth decay and gum disease

Contains CPC (cetylpyridinium chloride) and active ingredient that treats tooth decay and gum disease

Contains chlorhexidine gluconate, one of the most effective oral care ingredients in mouthwash

Freshens breath longer because the natural balance of saliva and bacteria of the mouth isn't disrupted

It doesn't contain benzalkonium chloride, which can be an allergen, sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS), saccharin (sugar), or alcohol. Instead, it contains sodium benzoate, sodium bicarbonate, and other ingredients shown to help eliminate bacteria from the mouth.

cos you don't get that tingling clean feeling or the stinging germ-killing feel

It's harder to find and can be more expensive

Traditional Alcohol MouthwashesPros

Is effective at killing germs and bacteria in the mouth

Contains CPC (cetylpyridinium chloride) and active ingredient that treats tooth decay and gum disease

Contains chlorhexidine gluconate, one of the most effective oral care ingredients in mouthwash

Give off a clean feeling in the mouth

ConsContains sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS), which dries out the mouth leading to bad breath and a reduction in saliva production

SLS can cause minor damage to the lining of tissue in the mouth

Can create painful canker sores

Kills both good and bad bacteria in the mouth

Fresh breath doesn't last as long

Not suitable for young children as it can make them sick

Produces an unpleasant taste in the mouth as well as an uncomfortable stinging and tingling sensation in the mouth

Only temporarily masks bad breath doesn't get to the cause of it

Can increase one's risk of oral cancer

Alcohol-free mouthwashes are better suited for children, those with certain health and oral conditions, and those with current dental issues. Traditional alcohol mouthwashes are a good option for those who have healthy bodies and mouths and who don't want to hunt high and low for alcohol-free mouthwash. Both types of mouthwashes have their benefits and drawbacks. No matter which one you choose, however, it shouldn't replace daily teeth brushing and flossing.

[gethealthy18-blog]

Best Natural Homemade Mouthwashes

New Post has been published on http://healingawerness.com/getting-healthy/getting-healthy-women/best-natural-homemade-mouthwashes/

Best Natural Homemade Mouthwashes

Shaheen Naser February 25, 2019

Table Of Contents

Those spicy, mouthwatering delicacies and your mouth have a love-hate relationship. Your taste buds say yes, whereas the odor that emanates later says otherwise. This is where mouthwashes come to your rescue. While one of the main purposes of a mouthwash is to help you fight the awful and unavoidable post-meal odor, it has other benefits too.

You may be quite familiar with the various mouthwashes sold in the market. But have you ever thought of making one yourself? Don’t worry – it will not take more than a few minutes. Read on to know more about the effectiveness of mouthwashes and a few interesting recipes to make one on your own!

The Purpose Of A Mouthwash

The main purpose of a mouthwash is to promote oral health. Many people are still unaware of the various benefits associated with using a mouthwash regularly.

The benefits of including a mouthwash in your oral hygiene regimen are (1):

Makes other oral regimens like flossing and brushing more effective

Decreases oral cavities

Strengthens your teeth and gums (in the presence of fluoride)

Freshens your breath

Prevents plaque build-up

Loosens any debris inside your mouth (when used before brushing)

Helps treat mouth sores

Now that you are aware of the uses of mouthwashes, let us look at how they work.

Back To TOC

How Effectively Do Mouthwashes Work?

Oral rinses are an integral part of your oral hygiene. They contain a variety of ingredients, such as fluoride and cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC), that help battle the bad bacteria in the mouth (2).

Other common ingredients used in mouthwashes include povidone-iodine, chlorhexidine, and essential oils. These compounds help reduce plaque build-up and also fight oral germs (3).

Studies also state that adding an oral rinse to your oral hygiene regimen can treat plaque and gingivitis more effectively as compared to brushing alone (4).

While you can get hold of a variety of mouthwashes in the market, you can also make one at home. The following are some simple yet effective recipes to make your own mouthwashes.

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Recipes For Homemade Mouthwashes

Baking Soda

Coconut Oil

Salt

Aloe Vera Juice

Essential Oils

Best Homemade Mouthwashes

1. Baking Soda

Shutterstock

You Will Need

½ teaspoon of baking soda or sodium bicarbonate

½ glass of warm water

What You Have To Do

Add half a teaspoon of table salt to half a glass of warm water.

Mix well and rinse your mouth after or before brushing your teeth.

How Often You Should Do This

You can do this 3-4 times daily.

Why This Works

Baking soda is a great fix for bad breath and oral bacteria. Its alkaline nature can increase salivary pH (5). This can help neutralize the acids produced by oral bacteria upon consumption of soda drinks and caffeine.

2. Coconut Oil

Shutterstock

You Will Need

1 tablespoon of virgin coconut oil

What You Have To Do

Swish a tablespoon of virgin coconut oil in your mouth for 10-15 minutes.

Spit the oil and go about your oral care routine.

How Often You Should Do This

You must do this once daily, prior to brushing your teeth.

Why This Works

Oil pulling with coconut oil is not only good for your oral hygiene but is also a great way to detoxify your body. It can help in decreasing plaque formation as well as plaque-induced gingivitis (6).

3. Salt

Shutterstock

You Will Need

½ teaspoon of table salt

½ glass of warm water

What You Have To Do

Add half a teaspoon of table salt to half a glass of warm water.

Mix well and rinse your mouth using the mixture.

How Often You Should Do This

You can do this 2-3 times daily, following a meal.

Why This Works

Rinsing your mouth with salt water is almost as effective as any other over-the-counter mouthwashes that contain compounds like chlorhexidine. It can help in reducing dental plaque as well as the oral microbial count (7).

4. Aloe Vera Juice

Shutterstock

You Will Need

½ cup of aloe vera juice

½ cup of distilled water

½ teaspoon of baking soda

What You Have To Do

Mix half a cup of aloe vera juice with half a cup of distilled water.

Rinse your mouth using this mixture after brushing your teeth.

How Often You Should Do This

You can do this 3-4 times daily.

Why This Works

Aloe vera mouth rinses can be effective in reducing periodontal indices. They can also help reduce gingival bleeding and plaque (8).

5. Essential Oils

a. Peppermint Oil

Shutterstock

You Will Need

2-3 drops of peppermint essential oil

1 cup of distilled water

What You Have To Do

Add two to three drops of peppermint oil to a cup of distilled water.

Mix well and use this solution to rinse your mouth.

How Often You Should Do This

You may do this 2-3 times daily, preferably after every meal.

Why This Works

Peppermint oil mouthwashes are especially effective in combating halitosis (bad breath) (9).  

b. Cinnamon Oil

Shutterstock

You Will Need

2-3 drops of cinnamon essential oil

1 cup of distilled water

What You Have To Do

Add two to three drops of cinnamon essential oil to a cup of distilled water.

Mix well.

Use this mixture to rinse your mouth.

How Often You Should Do This

You may do this multiple times daily.

Why This Works

Cinnamon oil is antibacterial and is effective in the treatment of dental caries caused by oral bacteria (10).  

c. Tea Tree Oil

Shutterstock

You Will Need

1-2 drops of tea tree oil

½ cup of distilled water

What You Have To Do

Add one to two drops of tea tree oil to half a cup of distilled water.

Mix well and use the mixture to rinse your mouth.

How Often You Should Do This

You may do this 2-3 times daily, preferably after every meal.

Why This Works

The anti-inflammatory nature of the essential oil can be quite beneficial in reducing the symptoms of bleeding and inflammation triggered by gingivitis (11).

All these recipes are great alternatives to the vast number of over-the-counter mouthwashes. With these recipes in hand, you don’t have to worry about your oral rinses running out! They can be prepared in a jiffy, that too, while sitting in the comfort of your home.

Did you find this post helpful? Which mouthwash are you going to try? Share your feedback and experience with us in the comments box below.

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Expert’s Answers For Readers’ Questions

Is it safe to use hydrogen peroxide as a mouthwash?

Hydrogen peroxide, when diluted to 3%, may be quite effective as a mouthwash – owing to its antimicrobial nature. But it should be diluted properly and must not be swallowed at any cost as it can result in internal bleeding.

Which mouthwash is the most effective against oral bacteria?

Mouthwashes that contain compounds like chlorhexidine are quite effective against oral bacteria.

Is Listerine good for swollen gum disease and gingivitis?

Yes, Listerine is quite effective in treating swollen gums and gingivitis, thanks to the presence of active compounds like eucalyptol, menthol, and thymol.

What types of mouthwashes should we not use?

Certain alcohol-containing mouthwashes can be too harsh for those with sensitive gums, especially for children under 6 years of age. Alcohol-free mouthwashes are advised in such instances.

Are alcohol-containing mouthwashes good?

Those who suffer from burning mouth syndrome or oral sores are better off without alcohol-containing mouthwashes. This is because mouthwashes with alcohol can leave an unpleasant taste while also causing a burning sensation and extreme dryness inside your mouth.

References

“Mouthwashes: Rationale for use” American journal of dentistry, US National Library of Medicine.

“Efficacy of CPC and essential oils mouthwashes compared to a negative control mouthwash in controlling established dental plaque and gingivitis: A 6-week, randomized clinical trial.” American journal of dentistry, US National Library of Medicine.

“The effect of povidone-iodine and chlorhexidine mouth rinses on plaque Streptococcus mutans count in 6- to 12-year-old school children: an in vivo study.” Journal of the Indian Society of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, US National Library of Medicine.

“The Clinical Effectiveness of Post-Brushing Rinsing in Reducing Plaque and Gingivitis: A Systematic Review” Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research, US National Library of Medicine.

“The effect of sodium bicarbonate oral rinse on salivary pH and oral microflora: A prospective cohort study” National Journal of Maxillofacial Surgery, US National Library of Medicine.

“Effect of coconut oil in plaque related gingivitis — A preliminary report” Nigerian Medical Journal, US National Library of Medicine.

“Comparative evaluation of salt water rinse with chlorhexidine against oral microbes: A school-based randomized controlled trial.” Journal of Indian Society of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, US National Library of Medicine.

“Effect of Aloe vera mouthwash on periodontal health: triple blind randomized control trial” Oral Health and Dental Management, US National Library of Medicine.

“Evaluation of the use of a peppermint mouth rinse for halitosis by girls studying in Tehran high schools” Journal Of International Society of Preventive & Community Dentistry, US National Library of Medicine.

“Comparative study of cinnamon oil and clove oil on some oral microbiota.” Acta BioMedica, US National Library of Medicine.

“A comparative study of antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects of mouthrinse containing tea tree oil” Oral & Implantology, US National Library of Medicine.

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