#chmod mode calculator

[chmodcalcu-blog]

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[suzanneshannon]

Moving an ASP.NET Core from Azure App Service on Windows to Linux by testing in WSL and Docker first

I updated one of my websites from ASP.NET Core 2.2 to the latest LTS (Long Term Support) version of ASP.NET Core 3.1 this week. Now I want to do the same with my podcast site AND move it to Linux at the same time. Azure App Service for Linux has some very good pricing and allowed me to move over to a Premium v2 plan from Standard which gives me double the memory at 35% off.

My podcast has historically run on ASP.NET Core on Azure App Service for Windows. How do I know if it'll run on Linux? Well, I'll try it see!

I use WSL (Windows Subsystem for Linux) and so should you. It's very likely that you have WSL ready to go on you machine and you just haven't turned it on. Combine WSL (or the new WSL2) with the Windows Terminal and you're in a lovely spot on Windows with the ability to develop anything for anywhere.

First, let's see if I can run my existing ASP.NET Core podcast site (now updated to .NET Core 3.1) on Linux. I'll start up Ubuntu 18.04 on Windows and run dotnet --version to see if I have anything installed already. You may have nothing. I have 3.0 it seems:

$ dotnet --version 3.0.100

Ok, I'll want to install .NET Core 3.1 on WSL's Ubuntu instance. Remember, just because I have .NET 3.1 installed in Windows doesn't mean it's installed in my Linux/WSL instance(s). I need to maintain those on my own. Another way to think about it is that I've got the win-x64 install of .NET 3.1 and now I need the linux-x64 one.

NOTE: It is true that I could "dotnet publish -r linux-x64" and then scp the resulting complete published files over to Linux/WSL. It depends on how I want to divide responsibility. Do I want to build on Windows and run on Linux/Linux? Or do I want to build and run from Linux. Both are valid, it just depends on your choices, patience, and familiarity.

GOTCHA: Also if you're accessing Windows files at /mnt/c under WSL that were git cloned from Windows, be aware that there are subtleties if Git for Windows and Git for Ubuntu are accessing the index/files at the same time. It's easier and safer and faster to just git clone another copy within the WSL/Linux filesystem.

I'll head over to https://dotnet.microsoft.com/download and get .NET Core 3.1 for Ubuntu. If you use apt, and I assume you do, there's some preliminary setup and then it's a simple

sudo apt-get install dotnet-sdk-3.1

No sweat. Let's "dotnet build" and hope for the best!

It might be surprising but if you aren't doing anything tricky or Windows-specific, your .NET Core app should just build the same on Windows as it does on Linux. If you ARE doing something interesting or OS-specific you can #ifdef your way to glory if you insist.

Bonus points if you have Unit Tests - and I do - so next I'll run my unit tests and see how it goes.

OPTION: I write things like build.ps1 and test.ps1 that use PowerShell as PowerShell is on Windows already. Then I install PowerShell (just for the scripting, not the shelling) on Linux so I can use my .ps1 scripts everywhere. The same test.ps1 and build.ps1 and dockertest.ps1, etc just works on all platforms. Make sure you have a shebang #!/usr/bin/pwsh at the top of your ps1 files so you can just run them (chmod +x) on Linux.

I run test.ps1 which runs this command

dotnet test /p:CollectCoverage=true /p:CoverletOutputFormat=lcov /p:CoverletOutput=./lcov .\hanselminutes.core.tests

with coverlet for code coverage and...it works! Again, this might be surprising but if you don't have any hard coded paths, make any assumptions about a C:\ drive existing, and avoid the registry and other Windows-specific things, things work.

Test Run Successful. Total tests: 23 Passed: 23 Total time: 9.6340 Seconds Calculating coverage result... Generating report './lcov.info' +--------------------------+--------+--------+--------+ | Module | Line | Branch | Method | +--------------------------+--------+--------+--------+ | hanselminutes.core.Views | 60.71% | 59.03% | 41.17% | +--------------------------+--------+--------+--------+ | hanselminutes.core | 82.51% | 81.61% | 85.39% | +--------------------------+--------+--------+--------+

I can build, I can test, but can I run it? What about running and testing in containers?

I'm running WSL2 on my system and I've doing all this in Ubuntu 18.04 AND I'm running the Docker WSL Tech Preview. Why not see if I can run my tests under Docker as well? From Docker for Windows I'll enabled the Experimental WSL2 support and then from the Resources menu, WSL Integration I'll enable Docker within my Ubuntu 18.04 instance (your instances and their names will be your own).

I can confirm it's working with "docker info" under WSL and talking to a working instance. I should be able to run "docker info" in BOTH Windows AND WSL.

$ docker info Client: Debug Mode: false Server: Containers: 18 Running: 18 Paused: 0 Stopped: 0 Images: 31 Server Version: 19.03.5 Storage Driver: overlay2 Backing Filesystem: extfs ...snip...

Cool. I remembered I also I needed to update my Dockerfile as well from the 2.2 SDK on the Docker hub to the 3.1 SDK from Microsoft Container Registry, so this one line change:

#FROM microsoft/dotnet:2.2-sdk AS build FROM mcr.microsoft.com/dotnet/core/sdk:3.1 as build

as well as the final runtime version for the app later in the Dockerfile. Basically make sure your Dockerfile uses the right versions.

#FROM microsoft/dotnet:2.1-aspnetcore-runtime AS runtime FROM mcr.microsoft.com/dotnet/core/aspnet:3.1 AS runtime

I also volume mount the tests results so there's this offensive If statement in the test.ps1. YES, I know I should just do all the paths with / and make them relative.

#!/usr/bin/pwsh docker build --pull --target testrunner -t podcast:test . if ($IsWindows) { docker run --rm -v d:\github\hanselminutes-core\TestResults:/app/hanselminutes.core.tests/TestResults podcast:test } else { docker run --rm -v ~/hanselminutes-core/TestResults:/app/hanselminutes.core.tests/TestResults podcast:test }

Regardless, it works and it works wonderfully. Now I've got tests running in Windows and Linux and in Docker (in a Linux container) managed by WSL2. Everything works everywhere. Now that it runs well on WSL, I know it'll work great in Azure on Linux.

Moving from Azure App Service on Windows to Linux

This was pretty simple as well.

I'll blog in detail how I build andd eploy the sites in Azure DevOps and how I've moved from .NET 2.2 with Classic "Wizard Built" DevOps Pipelines to a .NET Core 3.1 and a source control checked-in YAML pipeline next week.

The short version is, make a Linux App Service Plan (remember that an "App Service Plan " is a VM that you don't worry about. See in the pick below that the Linux Plan has a penguin icon. Also remember that you can have as many apps inside your plan as you'd like (and will fit in memory and resources). When you select a "Stack" for your app within Azure App Service for Linux you're effectively selecting a Docker Image that Azure manages for you.

I started by deploying to staging.mydomain.com and trying it out. You can use Azure Front Door or CloudFlare to manage traffic and then swap the DNS. I tested on Staging for a while, then just changed DNS directly. I waited a few hours for traffic to drain off the Windows podcast site and then stopped it. After a day or two of no traffic I deleted it. If I did my job right, none of you noticed the site moved from Windows to Linux, from .NET Core 2.2 to .NET Core 3.1. It should be as fast or faster with no downtime.

Here's a snap of my Azure Portal. As of today, I've moved my home page, my blood sugar management portal, and my podcast site all onto a single Linux App Service Plan. Each is hosted on GitHub and each is deploying automatically with Azure DevOps.

Next big migration to the cloud will be this blog which still runs .NET Framework 4.x. I'll blog how the podcast gets checked into GitHub then deployed with Azure DevOps next week.

What cool migrations have YOU done lately, Dear Reader?

Sponsor: Like C#? We do too! That’s why we've developed a fast, smart, cross-platform .NET IDE which gives you even more coding power. Clever code analysis, rich code completion, instant search and navigation, an advanced debugger... With JetBrains Rider, everything you need is at your fingertips. Code C# at the speed of thought on Linux, Mac, or Windows. Try JetBrains Rider today!

© 2019 Scott Hanselman. All rights reserved.

      Moving an ASP.NET Core from Azure App Service on Windows to Linux by testing in WSL and Docker first published first on https://deskbysnafu.tumblr.com/

[philipholt]

Moving an ASP.NET Core from Azure App Service on Windows to Linux by testing in WSL and Docker first

I updated one of my websites from ASP.NET Core 2.2 to the latest LTS (Long Term Support) version of ASP.NET Core 3.1 this week. Now I want to do the same with my podcast site AND move it to Linux at the same time. Azure App Service for Linux has some very good pricing and allowed me to move over to a Premium v2 plan from Standard which gives me double the memory at 35% off.

My podcast has historically run on ASP.NET Core on Azure App Service for Windows. How do I know if it'll run on Linux? Well, I'll try it see!

I use WSL (Windows Subsystem for Linux) and so should you. It's very likely that you have WSL ready to go on you machine and you just haven't turned it on. Combine WSL (or the new WSL2) with the Windows Terminal and you're in a lovely spot on Windows with the ability to develop anything for anywhere.

First, let's see if I can run my existing ASP.NET Core podcast site (now updated to .NET Core 3.1) on Linux. I'll start up Ubuntu 18.04 on Windows and run dotnet --version to see if I have anything installed already. You may have nothing. I have 3.0 it seems:

$ dotnet --version 3.0.100

Ok, I'll want to install .NET Core 3.1 on WSL's Ubuntu instance. Remember, just because I have .NET 3.1 installed in Windows doesn't mean it's installed in my Linux/WSL instance(s). I need to maintain those on my own. Another way to think about it is that I've got the win-x64 install of .NET 3.1 and now I need the linux-x64 one.

NOTE: It is true that I could "dotnet publish -r linux-x64" and then scp the resulting complete published files over to Linux/WSL. It depends on how I want to divide responsibility. Do I want to build on Windows and run on Linux/Linux? Or do I want to build and run from Linux. Both are valid, it just depends on your choices, patience, and familiarity.

GOTCHA: Also if you're accessing Windows files at /mnt/c under WSL that were git cloned from Windows, be aware that there are subtleties if Git for Windows and Git for Ubuntu are accessing the index/files at the same time. It's easier and safer and faster to just git clone another copy within the WSL/Linux filesystem.

I'll head over to https://dotnet.microsoft.com/download and get .NET Core 3.1 for Ubuntu. If you use apt, and I assume you do, there's some preliminary setup and then it's a simple

sudo apt-get install dotnet-sdk-3.1

No sweat. Let's "dotnet build" and hope for the best!

It might be surprising but if you aren't doing anything tricky or Windows-specific, your .NET Core app should just build the same on Windows as it does on Linux. If you ARE doing something interesting or OS-specific you can #ifdef your way to glory if you insist.

Bonus points if you have Unit Tests - and I do - so next I'll run my unit tests and see how it goes.

OPTION: I write things like build.ps1 and test.ps1 that use PowerShell as PowerShell is on Windows already. Then I install PowerShell (just for the scripting, not the shelling) on Linux so I can use my .ps1 scripts everywhere. The same test.ps1 and build.ps1 and dockertest.ps1, etc just works on all platforms. Make sure you have a shebang #!/usr/bin/pwsh at the top of your ps1 files so you can just run them (chmod +x) on Linux.

I run test.ps1 which runs this command

dotnet test /p:CollectCoverage=true /p:CoverletOutputFormat=lcov /p:CoverletOutput=./lcov .\hanselminutes.core.tests

with coverlet for code coverage and...it works! Again, this might be surprising but if you don't have any hard coded paths, make any assumptions about a C:\ drive existing, and avoid the registry and other Windows-specific things, things work.

Test Run Successful. Total tests: 23 Passed: 23 Total time: 9.6340 Seconds Calculating coverage result... Generating report './lcov.info' +--------------------------+--------+--------+--------+ | Module | Line | Branch | Method | +--------------------------+--------+--------+--------+ | hanselminutes.core.Views | 60.71% | 59.03% | 41.17% | +--------------------------+--------+--------+--------+ | hanselminutes.core | 82.51% | 81.61% | 85.39% | +--------------------------+--------+--------+--------+

I can build, I can test, but can I run it? What about running and testing in containers?

I'm running WSL2 on my system and I've doing all this in Ubuntu 18.04 AND I'm running the Docker WSL Tech Preview. Why not see if I can run my tests under Docker as well? From Docker for Windows I'll enabled the Experimental WSL2 support and then from the Resources menu, WSL Integration I'll enable Docker within my Ubuntu 18.04 instance (your instances and their names will be your own).

I can confirm it's working with "docker info" under WSL and talking to a working instance. I should be able to run "docker info" in BOTH Windows AND WSL.

$ docker info Client: Debug Mode: false Server: Containers: 18 Running: 18 Paused: 0 Stopped: 0 Images: 31 Server Version: 19.03.5 Storage Driver: overlay2 Backing Filesystem: extfs ...snip...

Cool. I remembered I also I needed to update my Dockerfile as well from the 2.2 SDK on the Docker hub to the 3.1 SDK from Microsoft Container Registry, so this one line change:

#FROM microsoft/dotnet:2.2-sdk AS build FROM mcr.microsoft.com/dotnet/core/sdk:3.1 as build

as well as the final runtime version for the app later in the Dockerfile. Basically make sure your Dockerfile uses the right versions.

#FROM microsoft/dotnet:2.1-aspnetcore-runtime AS runtime FROM mcr.microsoft.com/dotnet/core/aspnet:3.1 AS runtime

I also volume mount the tests results so there's this offensive If statement in the test.ps1. YES, I know I should just do all the paths with / and make them relative.

#!/usr/bin/pwsh docker build --pull --target testrunner -t podcast:test . if ($IsWindows) { docker run --rm -v d:\github\hanselminutes-core\TestResults:/app/hanselminutes.core.tests/TestResults podcast:test } else { docker run --rm -v ~/hanselminutes-core/TestResults:/app/hanselminutes.core.tests/TestResults podcast:test }

Regardless, it works and it works wonderfully. Now I've got tests running in Windows and Linux and in Docker (in a Linux container) managed by WSL2. Everything works everywhere. Now that it runs well on WSL, I know it'll work great in Azure on Linux.

Moving from Azure App Service on Windows to Linux

This was pretty simple as well.

I'll blog in detail how I build andd eploy the sites in Azure DevOps and how I've moved from .NET 2.2 with Classic "Wizard Built" DevOps Pipelines to a .NET Core 3.1 and a source control checked-in YAML pipeline next week.

The short version is, make a Linux App Service Plan (remember that an "App Service Plan " is a VM that you don't worry about. See in the pick below that the Linux Plan has a penguin icon. Also remember that you can have as many apps inside your plan as you'd like (and will fit in memory and resources). When you select a "Stack" for your app within Azure App Service for Linux you're effectively selecting a Docker Image that Azure manages for you.

I started by deploying to staging.mydomain.com and trying it out. You can use Azure Front Door or CloudFlare to manage traffic and then swap the DNS. I tested on Staging for a while, then just changed DNS directly. I waited a few hours for traffic to drain off the Windows podcast site and then stopped it. After a day or two of no traffic I deleted it. If I did my job right, none of you noticed the site moved from Windows to Linux, from .NET Core 2.2 to .NET Core 3.1. It should be as fast or faster with no downtime.

Here's a snap of my Azure Portal. As of today, I've moved my home page, my blood sugar management portal, and my podcast site all onto a single Linux App Service Plan. Each is hosted on GitHub and each is deploying automatically with Azure DevOps.

Next big migration to the cloud will be this blog which still runs .NET Framework 4.x. I'll blog how the podcast gets checked into GitHub then deployed with Azure DevOps next week.

What cool migrations have YOU done lately, Dear Reader?

Sponsor: Like C#? We do too! That’s why we've developed a fast, smart, cross-platform .NET IDE which gives you even more coding power. Clever code analysis, rich code completion, instant search and navigation, an advanced debugger... With JetBrains Rider, everything you need is at your fingertips. Code C# at the speed of thought on Linux, Mac, or Windows. Try JetBrains Rider today!

© 2019 Scott Hanselman. All rights reserved.

      Moving an ASP.NET Core from Azure App Service on Windows to Linux by testing in WSL and Docker first published first on http://7elementswd.tumblr.com/

[devildroids]

New to Kali Linux ? or to Linux world at all ... welcome to this new experience i'm sure you will enjoy once you start to try ... and why not to try over and over we are learning at end and this is the most Important part of it, commands and commands almost everything in Linux need a command we are not in Windows to click we are in Linux to write! so here is a list for some of the basic commands for Kali Linux

If you are looking for Linux Chart Sheet Check this post

lets start with details of commands : 1.Command: ls The command “ls” stands for (List Directory Contents), List the contents of the folder, be it file or folder, from which it runs. The most common options are -a (all files) and -l (long or details) Tab completion is supported and may be configured with .inputrc When output to file the files are listed one per line. By default, colour is not used to distinguish types of files. That is equivalent to using --color=none. Using the --color option without the optional WHEN argument is equivalent to using --color=always. With --color=auto, color codes are output only if standard output is connected to a terminal (tty).

ls

A.Command “ls -a“, list the content of folder, including hidden files the hidden files is colored blue 2. Command: lsblk The “lsblk” stands for (List Block Devices), print block devices by their assigned name (but not RAM) on the standard output in a tree-like fashion.

lsblk

The “lsblk -l” command list block devices in ‘list‘ structure (not tree like fashion). Note: lsblk is very useful and easiest way to know the name of New Usb Device you just plugged in, especially when you have to deal with disk/blocks in terminal. 3. Command: sudo he “sudo” (super user do) command allows a permitted user to execute a command as the superuser or another user, as specified by the security policy in the sudoers list.

1sudo add-apt-repository ppa:tualatrix/ppa

Note: sudo allows user to borrow superuser privileged, while a similar command ‘su‘ allows user to actually log in as superuser. Sudo is safer than su. It is not advised to use sudo or su for day-to-day normal use, as it can result in serious error if accidentally you did something wrong, that’s why a very popular saying in Linux community is: “To err is human, but to really foul up everything, you need root password.” 4. Command: mkdir The “mkdir” (Make directory) command create a new directory with name path. However is the directory already exists, it will return an error message “cannot create folder, folder already exists”.

1 mkdir Kalitut

Note: Directory can only be created inside the folder, in which the user has write permission. mkdir: cannot create directory `Kalitut‘: File exists (Don’t confuse with file in the above output, you might remember what i said at the beginning – In Linux every file, folder, drive, command, scripts are treated as file). 5.Command: chmod The Linux “chmod” command stands for (change file mode bits). chmod changes the file mode (permission) of each given file, folder, script, etc.. according to mode asked for. There exist 3 types of permission on a file (folder or anything but to keep things simple we will be using file).

123Read (r)=4 Write(w)=2 Execute(x)=1

So if you want to give only read permission on a file it will be assigned a value of ‘4‘, for write permission only, a value of ‘2‘ and for execute permission only, a value of ‘1‘ is to be given. For read and write permission 4+2 = ‘6‘ is to be given, ans so on. Now permission need to be set for 3 kinds of user and usergroup. The first is owner, then usergroup and finally world.

1rwxr-x--x abc.sh

Here the root’s permission is rwx (read, write and execute). usergroup to which it belongs, is r-x (read and execute only, no write permission) and for world is –x (only execute). To change its permission and provide read, write and execute permission to owner, group and world.

1chmod 777 abc.sh

only read and write permission to all three.

1chmod 666 abc.sh

read, write and execute to owner and only execute to group and world.

1chmod 711 abc.sh

Note: one of the most important command useful for sysadmin and user both. On a multi-user environment or on a server, this command comes to rescue, setting wrong permission will either makes a file inaccessible or provide unauthorized access to someone. 6.Command: tar The “tar” command is a Tape Archive is useful in creation of archive, in a number of file format and their extraction.

123 tar -zxvf abc.tar.gz (Remember 'z' for .tar.gz) tar -jxvf abc.tar.bz2 (Remember 'j' for .tar.bz2) tar -cvf archieve.tar.gz(.bz2) /path/to/folder/abc

Note: A ‘tar.gz‘ means gzipped. ‘tar.bz2‘ is compressed with bzip which uses a better but slower compression method. 7. Command: cp The “copy” stands for (Copy), it copies a file from one location to another location.

1cp /home/user/Downloads abc.tar.gz /home/user/Desktop

Note: cp is one of the most commonly used command in shell scripting and it can be used with wildcard characters (Describe in the above block), for customised and desired file copying. 8. Command: mv The “mv” command moves a file from one location to another location.

1mv /home/user/Downloads abc.tar.gz /home/user/Desktop

Note: mv command can be used with wildcard characters. mv should be used with caution, as moving of system/unauthorised file may lead to security as well as breakdown of system. 9.Command: pwd The command “pwd” (print working directory), prints the current working directory with full path name from terminal.

1 pwd /home/user/Desktop

Note: This command won’t be much frequently used in scripting but it is an absolute life saver for newbie who gets lost in terminal in their early connection with nux. (Linux is most commonly referred as nux or nix). 10. Command: cd Finally, the frequently used “cd” command stands for (change directory), it change the working directory to execute, copy, move write, read, etc. from terminal itself.

123 cd /home/user/Desktop pwd /home/user/Desktop

Note: cd comes to rescue when switching between directories from terminal. “Cd ~” will change the working directory to user’s home directory, and is very useful if a user finds himself lost in terminal. “Cd ..” will change the working directory to parent directory (of current working directory). Now i will leave you with few more commends File Operations: pwd                        Print Name Of Current/Working Directory The pwd is an acronym for print working directory. The pwd command is considered as one of the most frequently used commands on Linux, AIX, HP-UX, *BSD, and other UNIX like operating systems along with the ls, and cd commands. It can be used for the following purposes under Apple OS X or UNIX or Linux operating systems: => Find the full path to the current directory. => Store the full path to the current directory in the shell variable. => Verify the absolute path. => Verify the physical path i.e exclude . cd                            Changing The Working Directory cp                            Copy Files Or Directory rm                            Remove Files And Directory ls                              List Of Directory Contents mkdir                       Make Directory cat                            Concatenate Files And Print On Standard Output mv                            Move Files chmod                      Change Files Permissions Know Your System                                             uname                      Print System Information who                         Show Who Is Logged On cal                           Displays Calculator date                         Print System Date And Time df                            Report File System Disk Space Usage du                            Estimate File Space Usage ps                            Displays Information Of Current Active Processes kill                          Allows To Kills Process clear                        Clear The Terminal Screen cat /proc/cpuinfo          Cpuinfo Display CPU Information cat /proc/meminfo          Display Memory Information Compression tar                        Store and Extract Files From An Archive File gzip                       Compress Or Decompress Named Files Network ifconfig                   To Config Network Interface ping                       Check Other System are reachable from The Host System wget                       Download Files From Network ssh                        Remote Login Program ftp                        Download/Upload Files From/To Remote System last                       Displays List Of Last Logged In User telnet                     Used To Communicate With Another Host Using THe Telnet Protocol Searching Files grep                       Search Files(s) For Specific Text find                       Search For Files In A Directory Hierarchy locate                     Find Files By Name

[javatutorialcorner]

find Linux Command

find

find [pathnames] [conditions]

An extremely useful command for finding particular groups of files (numerous examples follow this description). find descends the directory tree beginning at each pathname and locates files that meet the specified conditions. The default pathname is the current directory. The most useful conditions include -name and -type (for general use), -exec and -size (for advanced use), and -mtime and -user (for administrators). Conditions may be grouped by enclosing them in \( \) (escaped parentheses), negated with !, given as alternatives by separating them with -o, or repeated (adding restrictions to the match; usually only for -name, -type, or -perm). Note that "modification" refers to editing of a file's contents, whereas "change" means a modification, or permission or ownership changes. In other words, -ctime is more inclusive than -atime or -mtime.

Conditions and actions

-amin +n| -n| n Find files last accessed more than n (+n), less than n (-n), or exactly n minutes ago. -anewer file Find files that were accessed after file was last modified. Affected by -follow when after -follow on the command line. -atime +n| -n| n Find files that were last accessed more than n (+n), less than n (-n), or exactly n days ago. Note that find changes the access time of directories supplied as pathnames. -cmin +n| -n| n Find files last changed more than n (+n), less than n (-n), or exactly n minutes ago. -cnewer file Find files that were changed after they were last modified. Affected by -follow when after -follow on the command line. -ctime +n| -n| n Find files that were changed more than n (+n), less than n (-n), or exactly n days ago. A change is anything that changes the directory entry for the file, such as a chmod. -daystart Calculate times from the start of the day today, not 24 hours ago. -depth Descend the directory tree, skipping directories and working on actual files first, and then the parent directories. Useful when files reside in unwritable directories (e.g., when using find with cpio). -empty Continue if file is empty. Applies to regular files and directories. -exec command{ } \ ; Run the Linux command, from the starting directory on each file matched by find (provided command executes successfully on that file—i.e., returns a 0 exit status). When command runs, the argument { } substitutes the current file. Follow the entire sequence with an escaped semicolon (\;). In some shells, the braces may need to be escaped as well. -false Return false value for each file encountered. -follow Follow symbolic links and track the directories visited (don't use with -type l). -fstype type Match files only on type filesystems. Acceptable types include minix, ext, ext2, xia, msdos, umsdos, vfat, proc, nfs, iso9660, hpfs, sysv, smb, and ncpfs. -gid num Find files with numeric group ID of num. -group gname Find files belonging to group gname. gname can be a group name or a group ID number. -ilname pattern A case-insensitive version of -lname. -iname pattern A case-insensitive version of -name. -inum n Find files whose inode number is n. -ipath pattern A case-insensitive version of -path. -iregex pattern A case-insensitive version of -regex. -links n Find files having n links. -lname pattern Search for files that are symbolic links, pointing to files named pattern. pattern can include shell metacharacters and does not treat / or . specially. The match is case-insensitive. -maxdepth num Do not descend more than num levels of directories. -mindepth num Begin applying tests and actions only at levels deeper than num levels. -mmin +n| -n| n Find files last modified more than n (+n), less than n (-n), or exactly n minutes ago. -mount, -xdev Search only for files that reside on the same filesystem as pathname. -mtime +n| -n| n Find files that were last modified more than n (+n), less than n (-n), or exactly n days ago. A modification is a change to a file's data. -name pattern Find files whose names match pattern. Filename metacharacters may be used but should be escaped or quoted. -newer file Find files that were modified more recently than file; similar to -mtime. Affected by -follow only if it occurs after -follow on the command line. -nogroup The file's group ID does not correspond to any group. -noleaf Normally, find assumes that each directory has at least two hard links that should be ignored (a hard link for its name and one for "."--i.e., two fewer "real" directories than its hard link count indicates). -noleaf turns off this assumption, a useful practice when find runs on non-Unix-style filesystems. This forces find to examine all entries, assuming that some might prove to be directories into which it must descend (a time-waster on Unix). -nouser The file's user ID does not correspond to any user. -ok command { }\; Same as -exec, but prompts user to respond with y before command is executed. -path pattern Find files whose names match pattern. Expect full pathnames relative to the starting pathname (i.e., do not treat / or . specially). -perm nnn Find files whose permission flags (e.g., rwx) match octal number nnn exactly (e.g., 664 matches -rw-rw-r--). Use a minus sign before nnn to make a "wildcard" match of any unspecified octal digit (e.g., -perm -600 matches -rw-******, where * can be any mode). -print Print the matching files and directories, using their full pathnames. Return true. This is the default behavior. -regex pattern Like -path, but uses grep-style regular expressions instead of the shell-like globbing used in -name and -path. -size n[c] Find files containing n blocks, or if c is specified, n characters long. -type c Find files whose type is c. c can be b (block special file), c (character special file), d (directory), p (fifo or named pipe), l (symbolic link), s (socket), or f (plain file). -user user Find files belonging to user (name or ID).

Examples

List all files (and subdirectories) in your home directory: find $HOME -print List all files named chapter1 in the /work directory: find /work -name chapter1 List all files beginning with memo owned by ann: find /work -name 'memo*' -user ann -print Search the filesystem (begin at root) for manpage directories: find / -type d -name 'man*' -print Search the current directory, look for filenames that don't begin with a capital letter, and send them to the printer: find . \! -name '[A-Z] *' -exec lpr { }\; Find and compress files whose names don't end with .gz: gzip `find . \! -name '*.gz' -print` Remove all empty files on the system (prompting first): find / -size 0 -ok rm { } \; Search the system for files that were modified within the last two days (good candidates for backing up): find / -mtime -2 -print Recursively grep for a pattern down a directory tree: find /book -print | xargs grep '[Nn] utshell' If the files kt1 and kt2 exist in the current directory, their names can be printed with the command: $ find . -name 'kt[0-9] ' ./kt1 ./kt2 Since the command prints these names with an initial ./ path, you need to specify the ./ when using the -path option: $ find . -path './kt[0-9] ' ./kt1 ./kt2 The -regex option uses a complete pathname, like -path, but treats the following argument as a regular expression rather than a glob pattern (although in this case the result is the same): $ find . -regex './kt[0-9] ' ./kt1 ./kt2

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This CHMOD Calculator Makes Creating CHMOD Commands a Cakewalk

Every web server has a form of CHMOD which stands for change mode. It lets you change the permissions of any given folder/file, based on each user in the system. CHMOD is one of the main reasons that all developers should learn the command line. It’s a huge part of website maintenance and working on […]

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This CHMOD Calculator Makes Creating CHMOD Commands a Cakewalk

Every web server has a form of CHMOD which stands for change mode. It lets you change the permissions of any given folder/file, based on each user in the system. CHMOD is one of the main reasons that all developers should learn the command line. It’s a huge part of website maintenance and...

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Chmod Calculator generates the code which is readable, writeable and executable by everyone. Generally, Linux permission users face problems such as not being able to upload a file or modify a document due to not getting permissions. To overcome this, the Webmaster would need to change the Chmod code.

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Facts about the chmod calculator:

AT&T Unix version 1 is where the first chmod calculator 4 digit first conjured. Chmod example includes chmod777 and chmod755 both of which have proved vital to programmers and IT experts.

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CHMOD Calculator is a free that lets you check boxes which tell you what number to use to CHMOD a file for access. 

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WHAT IS CHMOD AND CHMOD CALCULATOR

Operating systems like those of Linux and Unix have a set of rules. They determine file access priorities. It rules out who can access a particular file and how freely they can access it. Such commands or access rules are known as file permissions. The command that can reset the file permissions is called chmod. It is short for ‘change mode.’ It is a type of command computing and also a system call for Linux and Unix-like systems. It changes file permissions to file objects or directories. They can be prioritized between the user, group, and others.

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This site can be used to convert or calculate almost anything. Finding a specific conversion is attainable with its on-site search. Easy to use on all platforms and browsers with a simple and straightforward interface, online conversion is a mobile-friendly site. It has conversions sorted in categories and alphabetical order. Helpful in everything from calculating the exchange rate of currency to finding the day of a specific date to figuring the Chmod code and more are the uses of this site. It is a useful site which is easy to use for everyone.

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Another optional column is superuser. This column denotes the special setuid, setgid and sticky flags. Chmod Calculator possesses two modes of usage, one is symbolic and the other absolute. Symbolic allows you to remove, add, or set a particular mode while having other modes unchanged. This is achieved by using operators and letters. But, in absolute mode, you can overrule the existing permission with a new value. This new value is a three digit number. Chmod Calculator 4 digits allowed four-digit codes, as well.

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[chmodcalcu-blog]

WHAT IS CHMOD AND CHMOD CALCULATOR

Operating systems like those of Linux and Unix have a set of rules. They determine file access priorities. It rules out who can access a particular file and how freely they can access it. Such commands or access rules are known as file permissions. The command that can reset the file permissions is called chmod. It is short for ‘change mode.’ It is a type of command computing and also a system call for Linux and Unix-like systems. It changes file permissions to file objects or directories. They can be prioritized between the user, group, and others.

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