#International Treaties

[elicatkin]

It would really be interesting to see a list of all the times Westminster has broken the terms of the Treaty of Union.

[moontheoretist]

Transcript: Hahaha! This may be awkward. But despite being a member of the United Nations, US routinely does not ratify treaties on human rights. (Ratifying a treaty = agreeing to the terms and conditions in the document). Most notably they haven't ratified treaty about the rights of women, the rights of children, that's a big one, rights of disabled people and just a general human rights treaties. And when they DO ratify them, they add like a million clauses that basically say they cannot be punished if they don't adhere to what has been laid out in the human rights treaties. Like time and time again the US has said at the international level that it does not consider food to be a human right, safety, shelter, anything like that.

Another reason why USA should have been the villain in the Civil War instead of the UN. This movie creates such a great opportunity to criticize America by putting Ross in there and making him be in charge of breaking the news to the Avengers about the Accords, that it is laughable that nobody used that to deeply reevaluate how fucked up America is and how it literally would only accept Accords on their own inhuman, oppressive terms, with a million of clauses that break human rights. Or if not with clauses, then tell a story how America jumped into the Accords bandwagon, simply because they saw an opportunity to mistreat the idea of the document by finding all the convenient loopholes which they could then use to create inhuman, oppressive laws. Because Accords may be a good documents with good ideas and rules and such, but if a country like America that is hell bend on misusing something joins the fray without a complaint, you know they did it, because to them the document was a great excuse to pass all the inhuman laws, even if they went completely against the idea of all that was written in the said document.

But well, what do we expect from American cinema?

Self-evaluation and self-criticism? Nah. Never.

Better point finger at UN and say it is evil.

[aboard-ark-4]

Translation of Page One of the Societal Preservation Initiative Foundational Document

Day 54 of 1736, New Calendar

[saigonlawyers]

Conditions on the forms of contracts for the international sale of goods

A contract for the international sale of goods is only recognized as valid if it is expressed in a certain form, by the provisions of applicable law. What conditions on the forms of contracts for the international sale of goods can make the contracts valid? In this article, Apolo Lawyers - Solicitors & Litigators (Tel: (+84) 903.419.479) will answer these questions.

The form of a contract is the outward expression of the contract content, including the synthesis of forms, procedures and means to express and announce the will of the parties, record the contract contents and represent the indicates the existence of the contract. 

1. General provisions on international goods sale and purchase contracts

A contract for the international sale of goods is only recognized as valid if it is expressed in a certain form, by the provisions of applicable law. This is a mandatory condition to prove the existence of the contract.

International sales contracts can be governed by international treaties, national laws or international commercial practices. To determine the law applicable to the form of international sale of goods, the laws of countries mainly apply the principle of “locus regit actum”.

2. Provisions of international treaties on contracts for the international sale of goods

Unlike the provisions in the laws of other countries, as well as the mutual legal assistance agreements that Vietnam has signed with other countries, the United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods, 1980 (CISG) Article 11 “A contract of sale need not be concluded in or evidenced by writing and is not subject to any other requirement as to form. It may be proved by any means, including witnesses”. However, the CISG also allows States to reserve the right not to apply this Article 11, according to which contracts for the international sale of goods are required to comply with certain formal conditions of international law. The new country is recognized in force.

According to the 2010 PICC, paragraph 2 of Article 1 provides that a contract can be proved “including by witness”. Paragraph 2, Article 9 of the 1980 Rome Convention on the Law Applicable to Contractual Obligations provides that in the case of the parties entering into a contract in different countries, the contract is still valid if it satisfies the condition of formality of the law governing the contract of one of these countries. Thus, the provisions in these documents are quite open to most widely recognizing the conditions of validity of the contract.

>>> Read more: Time of risk transfer in the international contract for the sale of goods in Incoterms 2020

Conditions on the forms of contracts for the international sale of goods​

3. Regulations of Vietnamese law on international goods sale and purchase contracts

To determine the validity of a contract, Vietnamese law in Clause 7, Article 683 of the Civil Code 2015 provides that “Form of a contract shall be determined by the law applied to such type of contract. In the case where the form of a contract does not comply with the form of the law applied to such contract but complies with the form of the law of the country where the contract is entered into or the law of Vietnam, such form of contract shall be recognized in Vietnam”.

Thus, the provisions of Vietnamese law are consistent with the provisions of the Mutual Legal Assistance Agreement that Vietnam has signed with other countries, similar to the provisions of the Nordic countries, Western Europe and the United States. With the above-mentioned general principles, it can be seen that Vietnamese law does not allow subjects to choose the law to regulate the form of a contract.

Thus, if Vietnam joins the United Nations Convention On Contracts For The International Sale Of Goods 1980, Vietnam is entitled to reserve, not apply Article 11 of this Convention, because Vietnamese law contracts for the international sale of goods must be signed in writing.

>>> Read more: Legal service on Penalties For Breach Of Contract

Conditions on the forms of contracts for the international sale of goods​

4. Legal service about the commercial contract of Apolo Lawyers. 

Apolo Lawyers is confident in providing Clients with optimal and effective legal service,  including the following:

Consulting on the right and obligation of the parties in the contract sale of goods;

Consulting to determine the basis for dispute settlement and legal basis for dispute settlement;

Consulting, and preparing to contact and negotiate with related parties in the settlement of international contract sale of goods disputes;

Guide customers to collect documents and evidence, and provide information;

Authorized representative lawyers meet and discuss with Arbitration, Courts, and judgment enforcement agencies to protect the legitimate rights and obligations of clients.

>>> Read more: Dispute settlement of goods sale contract by commercial arbitration in Vietnam

Apolo Lawyers is proud to be a law firm with many years of experience in business consulting that will support clients in the field of commercial contracts. In case you need advice related to a commercial contract, please contact us via email at contact@apolo.com.vn or Hotline – (+84) 903 419 479 for the best advice and support.

APOLO LAWYERS

[nucleartestsday]

Ratify the Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons of 2017.

The Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons, or the Nuclear Weapon Ban Treaty, is the first legally binding international agreement to comprehensively prohibit nuclear weapons with the ultimate goal being their total elimination.

Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons (2017)

[alwaysbewoke]

[morgenstern16]

Man, I went into the Trails series with a WAY different idea of what they were like then what they actually were. Trails: "Welcome to Zemuria. Here, an industrial revolution based around the use of orbal energy is completely changing society. You can even use orbal energy to enhance your physical abilities via portable devices called orbments! They also allow you to use magical abilities called Arts." Me: "Oh, so this is how people are going to do crazy anime shit. Via fancy Arts and Orbments power. I can easily see how this system can be used for a clear and consistent power system, in an otherwise realistic and grounded setting." Trails: "Uhhhh" Me: "So this guy who uses the Shadow Clone no Jutsu is using a really fancy Art, right?" Trails: "No, he can just do that." Me: "Oh, o-okay" Trails: "One of your party members is a twelve-year-old girl with a gatling gun." Me: "What" Trails: "Your dad has a DBZ-esque power-up move and can go hand-to-hand with a giant robot. It's completely unrelated to any kind of Orbal enhancement." Me: "WHAT" Trails: "I haven't even mentioned the guy who's just The Joker With Superpowers yet"

[biggestqiblifan]

Ranger To-Do List.

Drink coffee

Evoke fear, mayhem, madness, drink coffee, chores, disturb barons, spook kings, drink coffee, stop and start wars/international crisis, drink coffee

Drink coffee, never sleep, repeat.

I've got it basically correct, right?

[just-another-thundermans-blog]

This is not my usual content but I need to speak out.

Israel's war crimes against the people of Gaza are atrocious. The frequency and viciousness with which they keep on attacking and killing civilians and children (literal babies. Toddlers.) is reprehensible.

The fact that the entire world raged for Ukraine (who had the military power to defend themselves) but not Palestine (which has a population of 2 million half of whom are CHILDREN) is utterly baffling to me. Where is the justice???? Why the misinformation!

This is genocide! This is a genocide! This is a genocide!

We are in the 21st century! A genocide is happening right before our eyes and NO ONE is acting!

Where is the justice? How is this fair?

ISRAEL BOMBED A HOSPITAL!

This is a gross breach of the Geneva Conventions! I literally did research on this!

Israel bombed a hospital. They killed children. They attacked civilians.

What more needs to happen for people to wake up to this genocide?

Open your eyes people. Open your eyes. People are dying, genocide is happening.

What did they ever do to deserve this?

[asteralien]

really been struggling with finding good mindless queer audiobooks to distract myself with lately. today i started not one but two different poorly written fantasy romances where the main characters bone within 24 hours of meeting each other (one of them was literally 5 minutes after meeting). allos are wild

[memenewsdotcom]

United Nations approves High Seas Treaty

[stairnaheireann]

#OTD in 1923 – Republican prisoner Denny Barry dies on hunger strike in Newbridge camp.

Denis ‘Dinny’ Barry (Donnchadh de Barra) was born into a farming family in Cullen, Riverstick, ten miles south of Cork city. Barry enjoyed Gaelic culture and sport, and was a prominent member of the Ballymartle hurling club. He later joined the famous Blackrock National Hurling Club where he won 4 senior county championships in a row during the years of 1910 to 1913. In 1913, he joined the newly…

[nucleartestsday]

Ratify the Treaty on a Nuclear-Weapon-Free Zone in Central Asia of 2006.

The Central Asian Nuclear-Weapon-Free Zone (CANWFZ) treaty is a legally binding commitment by Central Asian States (Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan) not to manufacture, acquire, test, or possess nuclear weapons. The treaty was signed on 8 September 2006 at the former Semipalatinsk nuclear test site in Kazakhstan, hence the Treaty’s unofficial name as 'Semipalatinsk Treaty'.

The treaty was subsequently ratified by all five Central Asian states and entered into force on 21 March 2009.

The creation of the zone has been the result of the collective efforts by all five Central Asian States in their common desire to provide security, stability and peace in the region, address environmental concerns and create the necessary conditions for regional development and stability.

The State Parties of the CANWFZ have committed themselves voluntarily and unequivocally to ban the production, acquisition and deployment on their territories of nuclear weapons and their components or other nuclear explosive devices.

All verification pursuant to the treaty is carried out by the IAEA, as CANWFZ States Parties are obliged to conclude with the IAEA both a comprehensive safeguards agreement and an additional protocol. The treaty also requires States Parties to act in accordance with the Comprehensive Nuclear‑Test‑Ban Treaty (CTBT) and to “maintain effective standards of physical protection of nuclear material, facilities and equipment.”

The Semipalatinsk Treaty has a number of special features. The zone is the only, among existing zones, situated entirely in the northern hemisphere, in a landlocked region directly bordering two nuclear-weapon States. CANWFZ is the only zone where, in the past, nuclear weapons have not only been tested but also actively deployed.

The idea of creating the zone began in September 1997 at the "Central Asia - a Zone Free of Nuclear Weapons" international conference in Tashkent, Uzbekistan. The signing ceremony of the Treaty on the Zone was held in 2006 in the city of Semipalatinsk, Kazakhstan, where in 1991, one of the world's largest nuclear test sites was closed. The Kyrgyz Republic has since then been officially designated as the depository of the Treaty..

Treaty on a Nuclear-Weapon-Free Zone in Central Asia (2006)

[alwaysbewoke]

#Sudan #KeepEyesOnSudan