#s. alexander reed

[untiltheskyturnsredinthesunrise]

Listen to the sand Listen to the ground There’s always gonna be another way out I am your shade in the morning You are my shadow at dusk And the music our footprints write is permanent More permanent than sound

Seeming - Permanent [The Birdwatcher’s Guide To Atrocity]

[dancemusicformiserablegoths]

Listen to the sand Listen to the ground There's always gonna be another way out I am your shade in the morning You are my shadow at dusk And the music our footprints write is permanent More permanent than sound Seeming - Permanent [The Birdwatcher's Guide To Atrocity]

[queerism1969]

Notable transgender people from history

Here's the list I put together for when people on non-trans subreddits claim we didn't exist until recently:

Ashurbanipal (669-631BCE) - King of the Neo-Assryian empire, who according to Diodorus Siculus is reported to have dressed, behaved, and socialized as a woman.

Elagabalus (204-222) - Roman Emperor who preferred to be called a lady and not a lord, presented as a woman, called herself her lover's queen and wife, and offered vast sums of money to any doctor able to make her anatomically female.

Kalonymus ben Kalonymus (1286-1328) - French Jewish philosopher who wrote poetry about longing to be a woman.

Eleanor Rykener (14th century) - trans woman in London who was questioned under charges of sex work

[Thomas(ine) Hall](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas(ine)_Hall) - (1603-unknown) - English servant in colonial Virginia who alternated between presenting as a woman and presenting as a man, before a court ruled that they were both a man and a woman simultaneously, and were required to wear both men's and women's clothing simultaneously.

Chevalier d'Eon (1728-1810) - French diplomat, spy, freemason, and soldier who fought in the Seven Years' War, who transitioned at the age of 49 and lived the remaining 33 years of her life as a woman.

Public Universal Friend (1752-1819) - Quaker religious leader in revolutionary era America who identified and lived as androgynous and genderless.

Surgeon James Barry (1789-1865) - Trans man and military surgeon in the British army.

Berel - a Jewish trans man who transitioned in a shtetel in Ukraine in the 1800's, and whose story was shared with the Jewish Daily Forward in a 1930 letter to the editor by Yeshaye Kotofsky, a Jewish immigrant in Brooklyn who knew Berel

Mary Jones (1803-unknown) - trans woman in New York whose 1836 trial for stealing a man's wallet received much public attention

Albert Cashier (1843-1915) - Trans man who served in the US Civil War.

Harry Allen (1882-1922) - Trans man who was the subject of sensationalistic newspaper coverage for his string of petty crimes.

Lucy Hicks Anderson (1886–1954) - socialite, chef and hostess in Oxnard California, whose family and doctors supported her transition at a young age.

Lili Elbe (1882-1931) - Trans woman who underwent surgery in 1930 with Dr. Magnus Hirschfeld, who ran one of the first dedicated medical facilities for trans patients.

Karl M. Baer (1885-1956) - Trans man who underwent reconstructive surgery (the details of which are not known) in 1906, and was legally recognized as male in Germany in 1907.

Dr. Alan Hart (1890-1962) - Groundbreaking radiologist who pioneered the use of x-ray photography in tuberculosis detection, and in 1917 he became one of the first trans men to undergo hysterectomy and gonadectomy in the US.

[Louise Lawrence](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louise_Lawrence_(activist)) (1912–1976) - trans activist, artist, writer and lecturer, who transitioned in the early 1940's. She struck up a correspondence with the groundbreaking sexologist Dr. Alfred Kinsey as he worked to understand sex and gender in a more expansive way. She wrote up life histories of her acquaintances for Kinsey, encouraged peers to do interviews with him, and sent him a collection of newspaper clippings, photographs, personal correspondences, etc.

Dr. Michael Dillon (1915-1962) - British physician who updated his birth certificate to Male in the early 1940's, and in 1946 became the first trans man to undergo phalloplasty.

Reed Erickson (1917-1992) - trans man whose philanthropic work contributed millions of dollars to the early LGBTQ rights movement

Willmer "Little Ax" Broadnax (1916-1992) - early 20th century gospel quartet singer.

Peter Alexander (unknown, interview 1937) - trans man from New Zealand, discusses his transition in this interview from 1937

Christine Jorgensen (1926-1989) - The first widely known trans woman in the US in 1952, after her surgery attracted media attention.

Miss Major Griffin-Gracy (1940-present) - Feminist, trans rights and gay rights activist who came out and started transition in the late 1950's. She was at Stonewall, was injured and taken into custody, and had her jaw broken by police while in custody. She was the first Executive Director of the Transgender Gender Variant Intersex Justice Project, which works to end human rights abuses against trans/intersex/GNC people in the prison system.

Sylvia Rivera (1951-2002) - Gay liberation and trans rights pioneer and community worker in NYC; co-founded STAR, a group dedicated to helping homeless young drag queens, gay youth, and trans women

Marsha P. Johnson (1945-1992) - Gay liberation and trans rights pioneer; co-founded STAR with Sylvia Rivera

[angelicsjn]

How would they react to someone flirting with their darling right in front of them?

YOUR SIX YANDERES.

— ROMAN CORNELIUS JAMES BEAUREGARD.

Whoever even dares would be a complete idiot.

Flirting with THE Roman Beauregard's S/O? Obviously this person is either stupid, insane or brave.

If they don't stop once he's made his presence known he acts polite, he has an image to uphold. He's an important person and need to be loved by all.

So he smiles, he walks away with his arm tightly wrapped around your waist and you feel the intensity radiate from him. His jaw clenching.

Behind the scenes he uses his power and influence to ruin this person. Finds out who they are, their job, their family. Everything. Uses anything and everything against them to ruin their lives. If they're squeaky clean, he makes something up. Forges up a complete lie that is still believable and makes this person's life hell.

Funny because while their life is turned upside down, they don't know he's the one at fault. They still probably support him, cheer him on and speak about that time they met him and his lovely S/O at that one party.

What a lovely and polite couple!!

— LATEN REED.

Does this person have a deathwish? Who would flirt with this beast of a man's S/O.

Everyone knows that Laten is kind, he's the life of the party. So sweet. But his body? His height? His attitude when angered? They're more than dumb. They must be suicidal.

Laten is forgiving enough, he would politely tell them that you're taken. To stop flirting but if they're persistent and keep up with it, they're getting their jaw spun.

One punch and they're out cold with a tooth missing. You don't fuck with Laten, especially the one he loves.

He will then apologise for making you see him angry. He only wants to show the best parts of him! Behind the scenes, he would AND HAS fucked up those who hurt you.

— JAE 'NIKO' LEE.

Jae is sneaky, he's a scheming man and will manipulate those around him to hate the person who flirts with you. He watches them, picks up on everything and uses it against them.

He can make the most popular person turn into the biggest villain and he won't stop until everyone hates his guts.

He watches with a smile as people call him out on things he created. He laughs as they distance themselves from the person until they're completely alone.

Biggest thing, Jae doesn't care. He's loved by all, he's amazing. Once they all hate them, he'd make it known. They've already lost everything so why would anyone believe him?

"I told you to stay away from y/n." He'd say before walking away with a smirk. He won, as always.

— KAIDAN ALEXANDER WOLFE.

He internalises it. Is he not good enough? Do you like this person? Are you flirting back?

He'd go through a mixture of emotions until he realises you don't like this person. You want nothing to do them. Of course you don't, you're with him!

He's then angry. Very fucking angry.

Kaidan takes work off them, modelling jobs are now his. Brand deals are now his. He makes sure to post better outfit pics. You name it.

He'll become better than this person at everything. There will be rumours that this person is copying Kaidan and he plays his violin over this. Dropping hints on social media that he's being copied by them, that he feels attacked and like they're obsessed.

It leads to this person being run off social media due to the amount of hate, even though Kaidan never verbally spoke bad about this person, he dropped enough hints for the people to confirm that they're trying to become him.

— HAYDEN WEST.

He wants the ground to swallow him up. He hates it.

He feels under attack like he's going to lose you to this person. He becomes insecure and compares himself to this person.

He follows you around like a puppy. Watches your reactions whenever this person is near, to see if you give them attention at all. He hates it, so so much.

After you reassure him, his confidence does pick up. That's when he begins to think of ways to keep them away from you.

He's not physically scary, he'd have to use his brain. He'd tutor this person, just feed them the wrong information until their grades are so bad they've failed and can't progress onto the next year.

Hayden does small things that embarrasses this person in public. Pouring water where they're going to walk, 'accidentally' bumps into them and tips his food over their white t-shirt. Oh god! He's so clumsy!

You don't see what he's doing, you think he's innocent, like everyone else. Half the time nobody even notices him, much like the one who was flirting with you...

— JOSHUA WHITE.

He is a very kind man, a respected one too. Nobody would flirt anyone he is with.

I mean, how could they? He's so sweet. It'd just be wrong to do that.

But with the off chance that someone would actually flirt with you, he's really just like 🧍‍♂️the whole time.

Maybe he's upset. Maybe he's ready to kill. Maybe it's Mabeline. Who knows?

Really, his eye is twitching, and his fist is curling from the bad thoughts. He doesn't let it show.

When he shakes the person's hand, he smiles, but his dark eyes are blank. They walk away with a red hand from the pressure, but even then, they're convinced he's the nicest person they ever met.

[babygirlbenpaul]

ben & travis headcanons (updated!) 🫶🏻

— ben ♡

𓈒 ⊹ his full name is benjamin adam paul.

𓈒 ⊹ his birthday is september 23rd, 1986, and he is seventeen during the events of the season one storyline. (semi-confirmed by trevor hoffmann)

𓈒 ⊹ he plays baritone saxiphone.

𓈒 ⊹ he has vasovagal syncope, which is a condition that causes a sudden drop in heart rate and blood pressure and leads to fainting, typically in reaction to a stressful trigger (— such as blood; this is why he passed out while lee was cutting his arm off).

𓈒 ⊹ he spaces out and gets distracted/lost in thought very easily. his grades aren’t very good because he tends to have trouble focusing on his assignments.

𓈒 ⊹ all of his favorite colors are different shades of blue. he prefers lighter shades, like baby blue and periwinkle.

𓈒 ⊹ he and his little sister, gabrielle (gabby), are very close despite him being seven years older than her. they playfully fight a lot (which mostly just consists of her roasting the shit out of him with no provocation), but aside from that they get along super well. they watch cartoons together after school and ben pushes her on her swingset a lot.

𓈒 ⊹ however, he’s not really any good with kids that aren’t his sister. he gets nervous around them and is perpetually scared that he’ll slip up and swear in front of them or accidentally hurt them somehow.

𓈒 ⊹ nirvana is his all-time favorite band; he’s been listening to them since he was a kid.

𓈒 ⊹ he’s FTM transmasc.

𓈒 ⊹ he doesn’t ever really talk about it, but he’s really into fairytale lore. his dad, richard, read him fairy stories before bed as a kid, and it sort of spiraled from there and never went away. labyrinth (1986) is his favorite movie because it incorporates similar elements.

𓈒 ⊹ his mom, camila, is columbian. he knows a good bit of spanish that she’s taught him and gabby, but it’s gotten a lot rustier over the years.

𓈒 ⊹ the paul family is on the poorer side, and richard and camila have to work a lot. however, they’re both extremely loving and they’re very good parents. when they aren’t busy, they spend time with their kids, doing things such as playing card games with them or taking them for drives through the countryside. because of this, ben finds long car rides relaxing since they always remind him of his family.

𓈒 ⊹ he really likes gummy fruit snacks. he keeps packs of them in his pockets and his backpack in case he, travis, or gabby gets hungry.

𓈒 ⊹ bisexual, though it’s worth noting that he very rarely experiences attraction to anyone other than travis.

𓈒 ⊹ he gives gabby piggyback rides on the walk home from school if she’s tired.

𓈒 ⊹ diehard mitski stan. (modern au)

— travis ♡

𓈒 ⊹ his full name is travis alexander reed.

𓈒 ⊹ he plays trumpet.

𓈒 ⊹ he’s an only child.

𓈒 ⊹ his birthday is feburary 21st, 1986. he often teases ben about being the younger one.

𓈒 ⊹ he’s really close with his dad, suraj, but a lot less so with his mom, natalia, who’s been an absentee mother for the majority of his life, and hardly ever visits or contacts him.

𓈒 ⊹ he’s indian on his dad’s side and italian on his mom’s.

𓈒 ⊹ he has slight jealousy issues and gets huffy and bitchy whenever someone he likes pays what he deems as ‘too much attention’ to anyone who isn’t him.

𓈒 ⊹ in contrast to ben, he’s surprisingly great with kids.

𓈒 ⊹ he gets along well with clementine and even more so with duck, who in the limited time that they have together, he sees as a little brother. (travis lives au)

𓈒 ⊹ gay.

𓈒 ⊹ his first crush as a kid was shaggy rogers. (🤔...)

𓈒 ⊹ he’s a cat person. there are a bunch of stray cats that hang around his neighborhood who he’s befriended by feeding them. if he sees one often enough, he gives it a name.

𓈒 ⊹ after unknowingly eating some of mark’s leg meat on the saint johns’ farm, his relationship with food is damaged irreparably. for a few days afterwards he gives his food to clementine or duck in fear that if he eats anything he’ll get sick and their rations will have gone to waste. once he’s able to stomach anything again, it’s a very gradual readjustment. (travis lives au)

𓈒 ⊹ he’s not the most affectionate person, but he’s very clingy, especially with ben. he usually subconsciously holds into his arm when they walk somewhere or sits with his legs across ben’s lap.

𓈒 ⊹ he puts a lot of effort into his appearance, save for how he dresses. he just wears a black hoodie and jeans 90% of the time.

𓈒 ⊹ his favorite foods are coffee flavored ice cream and dark chocolate. he likes things that taste both bitter and sweet.

𓈒 ⊹ autistic.

𓈒 ⊹ he refuses to tell literally anyone this, but he pretty much exclusively listens to girly pop music.

𓈒 ⊹ avid filthy frank and loiter squad watcher. (modern au)

𓈒 ⊹ has a special interest in birds and knows a bunch of random, useless fun facts about them. he likes hummingbirds the most, but hawks and crows are also high on his list.

— ben & travis (mostly modern au / au where they both survive s1) ♡

𓈒 ⊹ they met in 7th grade when ben first joined the school band. it was essentially the ‘extrovert choosing introvert as their new best friend’ trope. though they both have a few other friends in band (travis moreso than ben), they hang out with each other more often than anyone else.

𓈒 ⊹ they once accidentally put on each other’s jackets while getting dressed one morning, much to the immense horror of everyone else in the group who noticed.

𓈒 ⊹ they have joint custody of a nintendo switch. travis mostly plays minecraft, and ben likes animal crossing.

𓈒 ⊹ on rare occasions they play mario kart together. ben mains luigi and travis plays as either daisy or toad. they shit talk each other about how they’re going to beat the other one and then both end up in like 8th and 10th place. they’re mortified every individual time and don’t play again for a while.

𓈒 ⊹ on even rarer occasions (and an unrelated note) they smoke weed or take edibles; usually the latter, and usually on winter/fall/spring break so they don’t end up accidentally going to school stoned.

𓈒 ⊹ travis is a terrible driver. ben is pretty much always the one to take them places, out of concern for the safety of everyone involved.

𓈒 ⊹ they eventually have a daughter together, who they name janey. her full name is janey parker paul. her middle name is after david.

𓈒 ⊹ travis falls asleep on ben a lot, usually with his head on his shoulder or chest.

𓈒 ⊹ they call each other “bro” romantically.

𓈒 ⊹ ben’s favorite features on travis are his hair and his freckles. travis likes ben’s eyes and how tall he is.

𓈒 ⊹ travis thinks it’s really funny to say stupid nonsensical pick-up lines to ben to confuse him. (“if i were dating you. let’s just say horses wouldn’t be called ‘horses’ anymore” “hey what the fuck does this mean” type beat)

𓈒 ⊹ they’re each fairly annoying separately, but they’re a lot more annoying when they’re together. we should all pray for david and his sanity.

𓈒 ⊹ both of them are super cold sensitive. during the autumn and winter months they spend half the time cuddled up together or sharing a blanket to keep warm.

[tenderflint]

fellow industrial fans!

if you like to read nonfiction i'd very highly recommend the book assimilate: a critical history of industrial music by s. alexander reed. it's intelligent, incisive, easy to read, and very interesting. you can read it on the internet archive here.

[operachristine]

Holiday Gifting Day 5

Day 5 of 5 features a few Wicked audios with Nessarose understudies!

Idina Menzel (Elphaba), Helen Dallimore (Glinda), Adam Garcia (Fiyero), Nigel Planer (The Wizard), Miriam Margolyes (Madame Morrible), Caroline Keiff (u/s Nessarose), James Gillan (Boq), Martin Ball (Doctor Dillamond) October 28, 2006; London Matinee

Link

Ashleigh Gray (s/b Elphaba), Dianne Pilkington (Glinda), Pharic Scott (u/s Fiyero), Sam Kelly (The Wizard), Harriet Thorpe (Madame Morrible), Emily Tierney (u/s Nessarose), Alex Jessop (Boq), David Stoller (Doctor Dillamond) February 6, 2010; London

Link

Idina Menzel (Elphaba), Kristin Chenoweth (Glinda), Kristoffer Cusick (u/s Fiyero), Joel Grey (The Wizard), Carole Shelley (Madame Morrible), Eden Espinosa (u/s Nessarose), Christopher Fitzgerald (Boq), William Youmans (Doctor Dillamond) December 21, 2003; Broadway || Notes: This is the only known recording of Eden as Nessarose! Missing No Good Deed and March of the Witch Hunters.

Link

Shoshana Bean (Elphaba), Megan Hilty (Glinda), David Ayers (Fiyero), Ben Vereen (The Wizard), Adinah Alexander (u/s Madame Morrible), Stacie Morgain Lewis (u/s Nessarose), Jeffrey Kuhn (Boq), Sean McCourt (Doctor Dillamond) September 24, 2005; Broadway

Link

Dee Roscioli (Elphaba), Erin Mackey (Glinda), Derrick Williams (Fiyero), Gene Weygandt (The Wizard), Rondi Reed (Madame Morrible), Kate Fahrner (u/s Nessarose), Adam Fleming (Boq), K. Todd Freeman (Doctor Dillamond) March 21, 2007; Chicago

Link

Jenna Leigh Green (u/s Elphaba), Kendra Kassebaum (Glinda), Derrick Williams (Fiyero), David Garrison (The Wizard), Carol Kane (Madame Morrible), Lori Holmes (u/s Nessarose), Logan Lipton (Boq), Timothy Britten Parker (Doctor Dillamond) April 9, 2005; First National Tour

Link

Willemijn Verkaik (Elphaba), Valerie Link (u/s Glinda), Jens Simon Petersen (u/s Fiyero), Carlo Lauber (The Wizard), Angelika Wedekind (Madame Morrible), Maike Switzer (u/s Nessarose), Stefan Stara (Boq), Michael Günther (Doctor Dillamond) December 22, 2007; Stuttgart Matinee || Notes: Valerie's first show as Glinda.

Link

Eden Espinosa (Elphaba), Kendra Kassebaum (Glinda), Nicolas Dromard (Fiyero), Tom McGowan (The Wizard), Jody Gelb (Madame Morrible), Neka Zang (u/s Nessarose), Etai BenShlomo (Boq), Paul Slade Smith (Doctor Dillamond), Gregory Haney (Chistery), Samantha Zack (u/s Witch's Mother), Tim Talman (Witch's Father / Ozian Official) April 6, 2010; San Francisco || Notes: Neka's first show as Nessarose.

Link

[blueharborhq]

WELCOME TO BLUE HARBOR, ILLINOIS!

We hope that you love it here! Please make sure to submit your account(s) to the main within 24 hours and take a look at the welcome checklist.

Elspeth Sun ( Jessie Mei Li ) written by Manes.

Esme Valentine ( Madelyn Cline ) written by S.

Liam Alexander Reed ( Joe Keery ) written by Em.

Malikai Jameson ( Samuel L. Jackson ) written by Kota.

Nova Jade Liu ( Zhao Lusi ) written by Cherry.

Quintana Ruth Weisz ( Natasha Lyonne ) written by Nikki.

[46ten]

I saw your post on how you think historians often create narratives and don't properly consider 18th century social codes in their arguments. I also saw your posts on Hamilton and how you think treating his actions as irrational or shocking doesn't really make sense.

Do you have some historians that you think do a good job? I noticed that even Joanne Freeman who I think is a relatively nonbiased, good historian, also sometimes talks about Hamilton's childhood and actions in similar ways. Self destructive, flying off the handle, etc.

For AH biographers, I still consider Broadus Mitchell the gold standard.

I don't want to trash Freeman - I think a lot of her work is outstanding, but she also has a historian public persona that I don't think leads her to well-reasoned takes in public discussions. (Annette Gordon-Reed, in contrast, is more sober.)

More often than not, the saying that you learn more about the biographer than you do about the subject heavily applies in AH biographies. I think folks could get a lot more from historians who are not interested in Hamilton as a persona/personal figure and who are instead engaged in political, financial, and/or legal aspects. They're the ones who often come through with a lot of citations and more context - the work is altogether more scholarly, in a way that Hamilton biographies aren't. These works sometimes get some personal facts about AH wrong, too, but as what AH left us with is his work, that's where one needs to continue to go, IMO, then branch out to more of the works covering the Anglo-American world in the late 18th century. From 2021-23, I read 13 new books that discussed AH's policy in some way, and it was great just seeing the expansiveness of how people discuss AH as part of what may be their scholarly study/approach into another area. That's also, IMO, how one can really start to self-correct from just accepting agenda-driven AH biographies.

Empire of Liberty by Gordon S. Wood (2009) - just reading the back and forth about Wood's take vs others' is really useful for seeing the narratives surrounding the way the history of the early republic is written.

Alexander Hamilton’s Public Administration by Richard T. Green (2020)

Adam Smith’s America: How a Scottish Philosopher became an Icon of American Capitalism by Glory M. Liu (2021)

William Hogeland is coming out with a new book at the end of this month that I'll put in a separate post, but he's also a good read for a different approach to understanding the Hamilton project, let's call it. (One can read his 2007 article Inventing Hamilton).

[sleepyowlwrites]

I've got blorbos you haven't even seen | an oc masterpost

all my blorbos! in alphabetical order. literally for my own convenience, but maybe yours for ask games as well.

Current OC count: 182 (+13 floaters)

A:

Aiden Chase - Anxiety Story

Adelaide Rhiannon O'Shea - Anxiety Story

Amelia Kinsey - Inheritance Story

Alexander Gold - Magick Story

Ander Sage - Magick Story

Aristotle - Magick Story

Arthur - Princess Story

Abari - Hunter Story

Arin - College Story

Arkenji - Guild Story

Aline - Illusion Story

Alinora Briarwood - Romance Story

B:

Ben Averis - Apocalypse Story

Breydan Yusai - Guild Story

Breeka - Thief Story

Beran Sunder - Pirate Story

Briar - Pirate Story

Berry - Pirate Story

C:

Corm - Magick Story

Callum Blakesley - Youth Story

Copper - City Story

Cam - City Story

Caden - Ghost Story

Caro - Thief Story

Carmine - Princess Story

Cleo Harmon - Watermelon

D:

Dair Sin'Claybeak - Summon Story

Dahlia Starling - Magick Story

Daisy - Magick Story

(Lucas) Daniel Cardwin - Youth Story

Din/Dinah - Death Story

Darsh - Rain Story

Devin - College Story

Dreya - Thief Story

E:

Eric Heyward - Anxiety Story

Erin Da'Virya - Summon Story

Ernest Jackdaw - Magick Story

Edwin Rose - Magick Story

Eveline Veery - Youth Story

Edgar - Void Story

Emrik - Ghost Story

Eksal - Hunter Story

Eshku - Mercenary Story

Era - Portal Story

Edward Valant - Romance Story

F:

Fern - Magick Story

Fawn - City Story

Faroom - Space Story

Finnal Espris - Guild Story

Frin - Necromancy Story

G:

Ghand Sin'Blackstone - Summon Story

Grimes - Summon Story

Gareth - Princess Story

Gale - Summer Story

Greg - College Story

Garnet - Magick Story

Galinhad - Emporium Story

Gemna Hyacinth - Pirate Story

H:

Hadley James - Inheritance Story

Haezle - Emporium Story

Heidi Chorus - Magick Story

Holly - Magick Story

Hawk - City Story

I:

Imire Da'Hala - Summon Story

Isabelle Levette - Youth Story

Irina Kovalenko - Youth Story

Idrian Sarendor - Guild Story

Ivan - Thief Story

J:

Jaclyn Heyward - Anxiety Story

Jaf Ov'Beyn - Summon Story

Jessalyn Lark - Magick Story

Jaeyoung (James) Seo - Youth Story

Jet - City Story

Jalek - Space Story

Jaino - Rain Story

Jemmi - Rain Story

Jake - Summer Story

Jorand - Mercenary Story

Jack Sanderson - Romance Story

John Rusalo - Romance Story

Jorji - Emporium Story

Jaspera Ruse - Pirate Story

K:

Kyle Heron - Magick Story

Kena - Rain Story

Kyt - Rain Story

Katlan - Thief Story

Katharine Briarwood - Romance Story

Ketki Beetle - Pirate Story

L:

the Library - Magick Story

Lila - Magick Story

Lawrence Whitely - Death Story

Laisa - Hunter Story

Lin - Portal Story

Lunetta - Train Story

Lysandris Greylark - Pirate Story

M:

Marianna Heyward - Anxiety Story

Melissa O'Shea - Anxiety Story

Madi Ov'Ubaran - Summon Story

Martin Glass - Magick Story

Mark Isanz - Youth Story

Moss - City Story

Maidred - Emporium Story

Max - City Story

Mar - Death Story

Myr - Space Story

Mandy - College Story

Marz Abisos - Guild Story

Mareye Abisos - Guil Story

Martain Abisos - Guild Story

Marlin Abisos - Guild Story

Marisse Abisos - Guild Story

Marelli Abisos - Guild Story

Marden - Mercenary Story

Mirai - Mercenary Story

Margaret Canton - Romance Story

Mariyen [redacted] - Pirate Story

Maisy Beckett - Watermelon Story

N:

Nathaniel Moss - Magick Story

Natalie Birch - Magick Story

Nykolas Argyros - Youth Story

Naki - Mercenary Story

Niyah - Necromancy Story

O:

Opar - Summon Story

Ondo - Guild Story

Ormand - Necromancy Story

P:

Petirik Ov'Rine (Masryune) - Summon Story

Persimmon - Magick Story

Pim - Death Story

Penn - College Story

Pellor - Guild Story

Poppy - Thief Story

Pascal Sanderson - Romance Story

Q:

Qaz - Ghost Story

Quental Kathur - Guild Story

R:

Rhea Da'Yesul - Summon Story

Rasker Sin'Tinfinger - Summon Story

Roland Blakesley - Youth Story

Rune (Cloud) - City Story

Rowena - Princess Story

Ryland - Void Story

Rose - College Story

Reed - Thief Story

Ryu - Necromancy Story

Rudy Bradford - Watermelon Story

S:

Samuel Ledell - Anxiety Story

Shae Da'Mika - Summon Story

Savannah Li - Youth Story

Shadow - City Story

Sardha - Rain Story

Sharajai - Mercenary Story

Sebastian - Train Story

Sondran Basil - Pirate Story

Sybil Valant - Romance Story

Savro - Necromancy

T:

Theodore Heyward - Anxiety Story

Tims - Magick Story

Terence - Ghost Story

Tinmar - Hunter Story

Ty Carrow - Apocalypse Story

Toby - College Story

Teshek - Portal Story

Torash - Illusion Story

Tristaina - Necromancy

U:

Ubaran - Summon Story

Umber - Pirate Story

V:

Vivianne Oak - Magick Story

Viola Sage - Magick Story

Violet - Void Story

Vari - Space Story

Vern - Rain Story

Val - Death Story

Vyx - Emporium Story

W:

Wesley Burke - Anxiety Story

Wryn Ov'Kastek - Summon Story

Winnie - Void Story

W'yn - Space Story

William Leighton - Romance Story

X:

Xiyun Jinan - Guild Story

Xicato - Necromancy Story

Y:

Yarrow - City Story

Yendan - Rain Story

Yashel - Guild Story

Yadsmyn - Mercenary Story

Z:

Zan Ov'Opar - Summon Story

Zen Ashri - Pirate Story

Floaters:

Lexi Ayre

Sage

Lin Meili

Mireille Bellerose

Tiger

Kyra Roselle

Elsie Martin

Marion Song

Jess Rider

Tris

Kivarin Moonshade

Kirel Temir

Eira Iko

more to come, I'm sure.

[wehrwolf]

my brother bought me "assimilate: a critical history of industrial music" by s. alexander reed and I'm reading it on the porch during this fine spring evening with my leashed cat (his pink leash) ... watching our neighborhood red tailed hawks ... woman time

[formerlibrarian]

Groups of writers, artists, and thinkers who share common interests, ideas, and values, and who come together to discuss and promote their work.

These groups often emerge during periods of cultural and social change and are characterized by their innovative and unconventional approach to art and ideas.

The Algonquin Round Table was a group of witty writers and critics who gathered for lunch at the Algonquin Hotel in New York City. They were known for their sharp wit, humor, and wordplay. The members included Dorothy Parker, Alexander Woollcott, and George S. Kaufman.

"Gertrude Stein's salon" or simply the "Stein salon" was a gathering place for writers, artists, and intellectuals in Paris during the early 20th century. Stein and her partner, Alice B. Toklas, hosted weekly gatherings in their apartment which became a center for avant-garde culture and a meeting place for artists such as Pablo Picasso, Henri Matisse, and Georges Braque, as well as writers such as Ernest Hemingway, F. Scott Fitzgerald, and T.S. Eliot.

The Bloomsbury Group - a group of writers, artists, and intellectuals who lived in the Bloomsbury area of London in the early 20th century. Members included Virginia Woolf, E.M. Forster, and John Maynard Keynes.

The Harlem Renaissance - a cultural movement that emerged in Harlem, New York City, in the 1920s and 1930s. It was characterized by a flowering of African American art, literature, and music, and included artists such as Langston Hughes, Zora Neale Hurston, and Duke Ellington.

The Surrealists - a group of artists and writers who were associated with the Surrealist movement, which began in France in the 1920s. Members included Salvador Dali, Andre Breton, and Max Ernst.

The Inklings - a literary discussion group associated with Oxford University in the 1930s and 1940s. Members included J.R.R. Tolkien, C.S. Lewis, and Charles Williams.

The Black Mountain poets - a group of poets associated with Black Mountain College in North Carolina in the 1940s and 1950s. Members included Robert Creeley, Charles Olson, and Denise Levertov.

The Beat Generation - a group of writers and poets who emerged in the United States in the 1950s. Members included Jack Kerouac, Allen Ginsberg, and William S. Burroughs.

The Factory was Andy Warhol's studio and creative hub in New York City during the 1960s and 1970s. A gathering place for a diverse group of artists, musicians, and other creatives. Notable figures associated with the Factory include musicians Debbie Harry and Lou Reed, artists like Jean-Michel Basquiat and Keith Haring, photographer Robert Mapplethorpe, and author Truman Capote.

[meta-squash]

Squash’s Book Roundup of 2022

This year I read 68 books. My original goal was to match what I read in 2019, which was 60, but I surpassed it with quite a bit of time to spare.

Books Read In 2022:

-The Man Who Would Be King and other stories by Rudyard Kipling -Futz by Rochelle Owens -The Threepenny Opera by Bertolt Brecht -Funeral Rites by Jean Genet -The Grip of It by Jac Jemc -Jules et Jim by Henri-Pierre Roche -Hashish, Wine, Opium by Charles Baudelaire and Theophile Gautier -The Blacks: a clown show by Jean Genet -One, No One, One Hundred Thousand by Luigi Pirandello -Cain’s Book by Alexander Trocchi -The Man with the Golden Arm by Nelson Algren -Three-Line Novels (Illustrated) by Felix Feneon, Illustrated by Joanna Neborsky -Black Box Thrillers: Four Novels (They Shoot Horses Don’t They, Kiss Tomorrow Goodbye, No Pockets in a Shroud, I Should Have Stayed Home) by Horace McCoy -The Dictionary of Accepted Ideas by Gustave Flaubert -The Chairs by Eugene Ionesco -Illusions by Richard Bach -Mole People by Jennifer Toth -The Rainbow Stories by William T Vollmann -Tell Me Everything by Erika Krouse -Equus by Peter Shaffer (reread) -Ghosty Men by Franz Lidz -A Happy Death by Albert Camus -Six Miles to Roadside Business by Michael Doane -Envy by Yury Olesha -The Day of the Locust by Nathaniel West -Thus Spoke Zarathustra by Friedrich Nietzsche -The Riddle of the Labyrinth: The Quest to Crack an Ancient Code by Margalit Fox -The Cat Inside by William S Burroughs -Under The Volcano by Malcolm Lowry -Camino Real by Tennessee Williams (reread) -The Private Memoirs and Confessions of a Justified Sinner by James Hogg -The Quick & The Dead by Joy Williams -Comemadre by Roque Larraquy -The Zoo Story by Edward Albee -The Bridge by Hart Crane -A Likely Lad by Peter Doherty -The Stranger in the Woods: The Extraordinary Story of the Last True Hermit by Michael Finkel -The Law In Shambles by Thomas Geoghegan -The Anti-Christ by Friedrich Nietzche -The Maids and Deathwatch by Jean Genet -Intimate Journals by Charles Baudelaire -The Screens by Jean Genet -Inferno by Dante Alighieri (reread) -The Quarry by Friedrich Durrenmatt -A Season In Hell by Arthur Rimbaud (reread) -Destruction Was My Beatrice: Dada and the Unmaking of the Twentieth Century by Jed Rasula -Pere Ubu by Alfred Jarry -Bitter Fame: A Life of Sylvia Plath by Anne Stevenson -Loot by Joe Orton -Julia And The Bazooka and other stories by Anna Kavan -The Haunting of Lin-Manuel Miranda by Ishmael Reed -If You Were There: Missing People and the Marks They Leave Behind by Francisco Garcia -Detransition, Baby by Torrey Peters -Indelicacy by Amina Cain -Withdrawn Traces by Sara Hawys Roberts (an unfortunate but necessary reread) -Sarah by JT LeRoy (reread) -How Lucky by Will Leitch -Gyo by Junji Ito (reread) -Joe Gould’s Teeth by Jill Lepore -Saint Glinglin by Raymond Queneau -Bakkai by Anne Carson -Reflections in a Golden Eye by Carson McCullers -McGlue by Ottessa Moshfegh -Moby Dick by Herman Melville -The Hour of the Star by Clarice Lispector -In the Forests of the Night by Amelia Atwater-Rhodes (reread from childhood) -Chicago: City on the Make by Nelson Algren -The Medium is the Massage by Malcolm McLuhan

~Superlatives And Thoughts~

Fiction books read: 48 Non-fiction books read: 20

Favorite book: This is so hard! I almost want to three-way tie it between Under The Volcano, The Quick & The Dead, and The Man With The Golden Arm, but I’m not going to. I think my favorite is Under The Volcano by Malcolm Lowry. It’s an absolutely beautiful book with such intense descriptions. The way that it illustrates the vastly different emotional and mental states of its three main characters reminded me of another favorite, Sometimes A Great Notion by Ken Kesey. Lowry is amazing at leaving narrative breadcrumbs, letting the reader find their way through the emotional tangle he’s recording. The way he writes the erratic, confused, crumbling inner monologue of the main character as he grows more and more ill was my favorite part.

Least favorite book: I’d say Withdrawn Traces, but it’s a reread, so I think I’ll have to go with Detransition, Baby by Torrey Peters. I dedicated a whole long post to it already, so I’ll just say that the concept of the book is great. I loved the whole idea of it. But the execution was awful. It’s like the exact opposite of Under The Volcano. The characters didn’t feel like real people, which would have been fine if the book was one written in that kind of surreal or artistic style where characters aren’t expected to speak like everyday people. But the narrative style as well as much of the dialogue was attempting realism, so the lack of realistic humanity of the characters was a big problem. The book didn’t ever give the reader the benefit of the doubt regarding their ability to infer or empathize or figure things out for themselves. Every character’s emotion and reaction was fully explained as it happened, rather than leaving the reader some breathing space to watch characters act or talk and slowly understand what’s going on between them. Points for unique idea and queer literature about actual adults, but massive deduction for the poor execution.

Unexpected/surprising book: The Riddle of the Labyrinth: The Quest to Crack an Ancient Code by Margalit Fox. This is the first book about archaeology I’ve ever read. I picked it up as I was shelving at work, read the inner flap to make sure it was going to the right spot, and then ended up reading the whole thing. It was a fascinating look at the decades-long attempt to crack the ancient Linear B script, the challenges faced by people who tried and the various theories about its origin and what kind of a language/script it was. The book was really engaging, the author was clearly very passionate and emotional about her subjects and it made the whole thing both fascinating and fun to read. And I learned a bunch of new things about history and linguistics and archaeology!

Most fun book: How Lucky by Will Leitch. It was literally just a Fun Book. The main character is a quadriplegic man who witnesses what he thinks is a kidnapping. Because he a wheelchair user and also can’t talk except through typing with one hand, his attempts to figure out and relay to police what he’s seen are hindered, even with the help of his aid and his best friend. But he’s determined to find out what happened and save the victim of the kidnapping. It’s just a fun book, an adventure, the narrative voice is energetic and good-natured and it doesn’t go deeply into symbolism or philosophy or anything.

Book that taught me the most: Destruction Was My Beatrice by Jed Rasula. This book probably isn’t for everyone, but I love Dadaism, so this book was absolutely for me. I had a basic knowledge of the Dadaist art movement before, but I learned so much, and gained a few new favorite artists as well as a lot of general knowledge about the Dada movement and its offshoots and members and context and all sorts of cool stuff.

Most interesting/thought provoking book: Moby Dick by Herman Melville. I annotated my copy like crazy. I never had to read it in school, but I had a blast finally reading it now. There’s just so much going on in it, symbolically and narratively. I think I almost consider it the first Modernist novel, because it felt more Modernist than Romantic to me. I had to do so much googling while reading it because there are so many obscure biblical references that are clear symbolism, and my bible knowledge is severely lacking. This book gave me a lot of thoughts about narrative and the construction of the story, the mechanic of a narrator that’s not supposed to be omniscient but still kind of is, and so many other things. I really love Moby Dick, and I kind of already want to reread it.

Other thoughts/Books I want to mention but don’t have superlatives for: Funeral Rites was the best book by Jean Genet, which I was not expecting compared to how much I loved his other works. It would be hard for me to describe exactly why I liked this one so much to people who don’t know his style and his weird literary tics, because it really is a compounding of all those weird passions and ideals and personal symbols he had, but I really loved it. Reading The Grip Of It by Jac Jemc taught me that House Of Leaves has ruined me for any other horror novel that is specifically environmental. It wasn’t a bad book, just nothing can surpass House Of Leaves for horror novels about buildings. The Man With The Golden Arm by Nelson Algren was absolutely beautiful. I went in expecting a Maltese Falcon-type noir and instead I got a novel that was basically poetry about characters who were flawed and fucked up and sad but totally lovable. Plus it takes place only a few blocks from my workplace! The Rainbow Stories by William T Vollmann was amazing and I totally love his style. I think out of all the stories in that book my favorite was probably The Blue Yonder, the piece about the murderer with a sort of split personality. Scintillant Orange with all its biblical references and weird modernization of bible stories was a blast too. The Quick & The Dead by Joy Williams was amazing and one of my favorites this year. It’s sort of surreal, a deliberately weird novel about three weird girls without mothers. I loved the way Williams plays with her characters like a cat with a mouse, introducing them just to mess with them and then tossing them away -- but always with some sort of odd symbolic intent. All the adult characters talk and act more like teens and all the teenage characters talk and act like adults. It’s a really interesting exploration of the ways to process grief and change and growing up, all with the weirdest characters. Joe Gould’s Teeth was an amazing book, totally fascinating. One of our regulars at work suggested it to me, and he was totally right in saying it was a really cool book. It’s a biography of Joe Gould, a New York author who was acquaintances with EE Cummings and Ezra Pound, among others, who said he was writing an “oral history of our time.” Lepore investigates his life, the (non)existence of said oral history, and Gould’s obsession with a Harlem artist that affected his views of race, culture, and what he said he wanted to write. McGlue by Ottessa Moshfegh was so good, although I only read it because 3 out of my other 5 coworkers had read it and they convinced me to. I had read a bunch of negative reviews of Moshfegh’s other book, so I went in a bit skeptical, but I ended up really enjoying McGlue. The whole time I read it, it did feel a bit like I was reading Les Miserables fanfiction, partly from the literary style and partly just from the traits of the main character. But I did really enjoy it, and the ending was really lovely. In terms of literature that’s extremely unique in style, The Hour Of The Star by Clarice Lispector is probably top of the list this year. Her writing is amazing and so bizarre. It’s almost childlike but also so observant and philosophical, and the intellectual and metaphorical leaps she makes are so fascinating. I read her short piece The Egg And The Chicken a few months ago at the urging of my coworker, and thought it was so cool, and this little novel continues in that same vein of bizarre, charming, half-philosophical and half-mundane (but also totally not mundane at all) musings.

I'm still in the middle of reading The Commitments by Roddy Doyle (my lunch break book) and The Hero With A Thousand Faces by Joseph Campbell, but I'm not going to finish either by the end of the year, so I'm leaving them off the official list.

[compneuropapers]

Interesting Papers for Week 44, 2022

Competition between parallel sensorimotor learning systems. Albert, S. T., Jang, J., Modchalingam, S., ’t Hart, B. M., Henriques, D., Lerner, G., … Shadmehr, R. (2022). eLife, 11, e65361.

Persistent neuronal firing in the medial temporal lobe supports performance and workload of visual working memory in humans. Boran, E., Hilfiker, P., Stieglitz, L., Sarnthein, J., & Klaver, P. (2022). NeuroImage, 254, 119123.

The non-Riemannian nature of perceptual color space. Bujack, R., Teti, E., Miller, J., Caffrey, E., & Turton, T. L. (2022). Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 119(18), e2119753119.

Branching Time Active Inference: The theory and its generality. Champion, T., Da Costa, L., Bowman, H., & Grześ, M. (2022). Neural Networks, 151, 295–316.

Attention modulates incidental memory encoding of human movements. Chiou, S.-C. (2022). Cognitive Processing, 23(2), 155–168.

Independent and interacting value systems for reward and information in the human brain. Cogliati Dezza, I., Cleeremans, A., & Alexander, W. H. (2022). eLife, 11, e66358.

A Variable Clock Underlies Internally Generated Hippocampal Sequences. Deng, X., Chen, S., Sosa, M., Karlsson, M. P., Wei, X.-X., & Frank, L. M. (2022). Journal of Neuroscience, 42(18), 3797–3810.

The geometry of domain-general performance monitoring in the human medial frontal cortex. Fu, Z., Beam, D., Chung, J. M., Reed, C. M., Mamelak, A. N., Adolphs, R., & Rutishauser, U. (2022). Science, 376(6593).

Cortico-Striatal Control over Adaptive Goal-Directed Responding Elicited by Cues Signaling Sucrose Reward or Punishment. Hamel, L., Cavdaroglu, B., Yeates, D., Nguyen, D., Riaz, S., Patterson, D., … Ito, R. (2022). Journal of Neuroscience, 42(18), 3811–3822.

Adaptive control of working memory. Hartmann, E.-M., Gade, M., & Steinhauser, M. (2022). Cognition, 224, 105053.

The representation of context in mouse hippocampus is preserved despite neural drift. Keinath, A. T., Mosser, C.-A., & Brandon, M. P. (2022). Nature Communications, 13, 2415.

Cortical circuits for top-down control of perceptual grouping. Kon, M., & Francis, G. (2022). Neural Networks, 151, 190–210.

Transition from predictable to variable motor cortex and striatal ensemble patterning during behavioral exploration. Kondapavulur, S., Lemke, S. M., Darevsky, D., Guo, L., Khanna, P., & Ganguly, K. (2022). Nature Communications, 13, 2450.

Differential dendritic integration of long-range inputs in association cortex via subcellular changes in synaptic AMPA-to-NMDA receptor ratio. Lafourcade, M., van der Goes, M.-S. H., Vardalaki, D., Brown, N. J., Voigts, J., Yun, D. H., … Harnett, M. T. (2022). Neuron, 110(9), 1532-1546.e4.

Neural feedback facilitates rough-to-fine information retrieval. Liu, X., Zou, X., Ji, Z., Tian, G., Mi, Y., Huang, T., … Wu, S. (2022). Neural Networks, 151, 349–364.

Phase coding of spatial representations in the human entorhinal cortex. Nadasdy, Z., Howell, D. H. P., Török, Á., Nguyen, T. P., Shen, J. Y., Briggs, D. E., … Buchanan, R. J. (2022). Science Advances, 8(18).

Encoding of Environmental Cues in Central Amygdala Neurons during Foraging. Ponserre, M., Fermani, F., Gaitanos, L., & Klein, R. (2022). Journal of Neuroscience, 42(18), 3783–3796.

Thinking takes time: Children use agents’ response times to infer the source, quality, and complexity of their knowledge. Richardson, E., & Keil, F. C. (2022). Cognition, 224, 105073.

Early lock-in of structured and specialised information flows during neural development. Shorten, D. P., Priesemann, V., Wibral, M., & Lizier, J. T. (2022). eLife, 11, e74651.

Flexible rerouting of hippocampal replay sequences around changing barriers in the absence of global place field remapping. Widloski, J., & Foster, D. J. (2022). Neuron, 110(9), 1547-1558.e8.

[angelicsjn]

how are the six yanderes with a friendly s/o? Like no matter the gender, they're js very friendly. I can only imagine niko's reaction 😭😭 ANYWAYS I LOVE UR WORKS KEEP IT UP!! <33

Thank you so much, angel!

YOUR SIX YANDERES.

— ROMAN CORNELIUS JAMES BEAUREGARD.

This honestly makes Roman happy.

He finds it hard to connect to people on a personal scale, so he would initially be very interested in you based on how you treat others - no matter who they are.

Plus, while in a relationship it only aids him and his image. How can he be a mean and tough person if his partner is the epitome of kindness?

The journalists are obsessed with you and your drace, how you bright up every photo and the fans can't help but love you.

But Roman doesn't get jealous easy, he's secure in himself and your relationship.

Befriend his teammate, have dinners with the other wags, go to parties in Monaco with him and drink champagne on yachts with his closest friends!

Everybody knows better than to cross Roman Beauregard and his shiniest trophy.

— LATEN REED.

He's very kind himself! So he loves it. Two sunshines are better than one.

At times he would prefer you to be more standoffish, he doesn't like that nasty twinge he feels in his chest when you laugh at one of his teammates jokes a little too hard, but it still makes him happy that his friends and family like you.

Anyway, nobody will threaten your relationship; they're a dumb person if they do because well... Have you seen the size of him?

In general, he adores your kindness and appreciates the positivity you give him after a bad day, but sometimes he suffers a sad case of jealousy.

— JAE 'NIKO' LEE.

Oh boy...

He HATES it. It annoys him. So. Fucking. Much.

Why are you smiling at that stranger?

Why do you laugh at their jokes? They aren't even funny.

Stop complimenting the colour of that persons T-shirt. Compliment him!

He goes borderline insane and blames you for almost causing him a bullying scandal online due to his jealous rage.

He will water it down, take all of that kindness and keep it for himself.

He's selfish, in every way possible.

— KAIDAN ALEXANDER WOLFE.

He doesn't really notice it at first since he's around very 'happy' people all of the time.

He just believes that you're being nice to look good, to make friends. Maybe you're lying.

Even better - you're saying it subliminally to him...

He wore red yesterday, obviously you're complimenting the girls red coat as a hint. Duh!

But he also takes notes. Whatever you like in a person, he will become.

Just for you, darling!

— HAYDEN WEST.

It makes his life a whole lot easier as regards to communication with him.

If you speak first, show openess and kindness, he feels more confident because you can carry the initial conversations until his nerves have settled.

He does feel jealousy at times, especially if you show more interest in someone else; someone better than him; someone more desirable than him.

Hayden isn't mean, it's not who he is. Much like you he prefers kindness but being kind doesn't get the girl, not usually, so seeing you bond with others so freely makes him feel under attack.

what if you find better?

— JOSHUA WHITE.

He loves it.

He loves your kind nature, your giving self. He loves how you attract so much energy and spread so much love.

You truly are an angel sent down to love, to love the earth and its people.

To love him.

It reminds him that there is good on earth and that God believes he is worthy of such a gem.

[readymades2002]

What’s going on here is playfulness. Flood embodies the idea that creativity is the open-ended result of asking “what if,” and not the single-minded pursuit of a pre-imagined ideal. The band’s music rejoices in a continual sense of play, altering and subverting the expected order of things, whether imagining the world from the perspective of a canary-shaped nightlight or inventing bizarre fictional fads involving prosthetic foreheads. The point isn’t whether “Particle Man” is a metaphor for the struggle between science and religion (as many fans suppose it is), but instead that “Particle Man” is both unwriteable and incomprehensible under the assumptions of order ad of one-to-one lyrical meaning that a lot of performers and audiences bring to their musical experience. Because They Might Be Giants’ music is (almost) never in service of a joke, the silliness of songs like “Particle Man” is exploratory, not goal-driven. Musical, lyrical, and visual ideas then exist for their own sake.

- from Flood by S. Alexander Reed and Elizabeth Sandifer