#thesis examples for research papers

[thesisproposal1]

Thesis For Research Paper – How To Find A Good Thesis Topic

This is a short preview of the article: Students writing a research paper must create a thesis statement. In this part of the essay, they write the key objective of their work. What does the thesis for research paper include? It includes a statement and some arguments. Students should first check the information they find regarding the

If you like it consider checking out the full version of the post at: Thesis For Research Paper – How To Find A Good Thesis Topic

If you are looking for ideas for tweet or re-blog this post you may want to consider the following hashtags:

Hashtags: #DissertationVsResearchPaper, #HowToWriteThesisStatementInResearchPaper, #IsThesisAndResearchPaperTheSame, #ThesisExamplesForResearchPapers, #ThesisOrResearchPaper, #ThesisToResearchPaper, #ThesisVsResearchPaper

The Hashtags of the Categories are: #Thesis

Thesis For Research Paper – How To Find A Good Thesis Topic is available at the following link: https://research-degree-thesis.com/thesis-for-research-paper-how-to-find-a-good-thesis-topic/ You will find more information, stories, examples, data, opinions as part of a collection of articles that will help you in writing your thesis, your proposal or your scientific research.

The title of the full article is: Thesis For Research Paper – How To Find A Good Thesis Topic

It belong to the following categories: Thesis

The most relevant keywords are: dissertation vs research paper, how to write thesis statement in research paper, is thesis and research paper the same, thesis examples for research papers, thesis or research paper, thesis to research paper, thesis vs research paper

It has been published by Thesis-Proposal-Admin at Thesis Proposal a blog about thesis, proposal, research and all you need for delivering your academic work with efficiency and quality

Students writing a research paper must create a thesis statement. In this part of the essay, they write the key objective of their work. What does the thesis for research paper include? It includes a statement and some arguments. Students should first check the information they find regarding the

Thesis proposal, hope that you will find it interesting and that it will help you in your journey

Students writing a research paper must create a thesis statement. In this part of the essay, they write the key objective of their work. What does the thesis for research paper include? It includes a statement and some arguments. Students should first check the information they find regarding the topic and add an opinion in […]

[wrirkresearch0]

5 Points To Consider While Writing An Effective Conclusion For Your Phd Thesis

Introduction

One of the most important parts of the PhD thesis is the summary and conclusions you draw from your study. It's the final chance you have to make an impact on your readers, who will likely be a panel of professional reviewers, by summarizing your results and tying up any loose ends from your research. In addition to outlining your work, a strong conclusion is where you can highlight the importance of your study and explain how your work has advanced the area. Here are five key considerations for writing a powerful conclusion to your doctoral dissertation:

Summarize key findings: You should start your conclusion with a brief overview of your subject and the issue it presents. The next section provides a Phd Synopsis Presentation of your study's most important results and conclusions. Instead of introducing brand-new material, the conclusion is an opportunity to highlight the most significant findings and contributions made during the thesis. Make sure these results are readily understood by using simple, unambiguous language in your presentation.

Address research objectives: Examine the initial objectives and underlying assumptions of your original thesis. This study has contributed to the attainment of the stated objectives by examining the extent to which our research has facilitated their realization. Additionally, it has evaluated the accuracy of our initial forecasts. The significance and implications of attaining or exceeding these objectives for one's professional field should be underscored.

Reflect on methodology: Provide a succinct description of the thesis methodology employed in your work, highlighting its notable characteristics and limitations. In order to demonstrate intellectual integrity and analytical rigor, it is imperative to engage in a comprehensive examination of any underlying assumptions, constraints, or biases that could have influenced the outcomes of one's research.

Discuss implications, limitations, and future directions: When you discuss your findings in terms of the greater relevance they have, it will help you take them beyond the scope of the particular question that was being investigated in your study. Consider the ways in which your work contributes to the growth of knowledge in your field and the ways in which it could have an influence on future Research Paper Writing, policies, or practices. Put more of your focus on the "so what" component of your research, which addresses the question of why anyone should care about what you've learnt.

Every study has its own set of constraints, and acknowledging those constraints requires both self-awareness and honesty on the part of the researcher. The limits of your study need to be highlighted, regardless of whether they apply to the technique of the study, the data from the study, or something else entirely. You should also offer further research routes that could expand upon your results and fill up these gaps. As a consequence of this, it is abundantly evident that the findings of your research make a contribution to an on going discussion.

End with a Clear and Memorable Closing Statement: Make sure your last sentence is crystal clear and memorable to your readers. In a single sentence, sum up why your study is important and what you want readers to remember. It might be an inspiring quotation, a question that prompts more consideration, or a call to action for further study or implementation of your discoveries.

In addition to these five essential components, be sure to have an academic and professional tone throughout the whole of your conclusion and for this you can take help from Wrirk. It is important to avoid adding additional references or citations in this part, since its primary emphasis should be on summarizing and synthesizing the previous work, you have done.

Conclusion

There is more to writing an excellent conclusion for your PhD thesis than just reviewing the research you have done. It is a chance to reflect on the relevance of your work, accept its shortcomings, and stimulate more study and development in your subject. You can guarantee that your thesis has an enduring influence on your audience by adhering to these principles and meticulously constructing your conclusion. This will also allow you to make a relevant contribution to the field in which you are engaged in research.

More Query:-

Online Thesis Writing Services In India| Online Thesis Writing| Best Phd Thesis Writing Services In India| phd thesis writing assistance| phd thesis writing services| phd thesis writing services in mathura| sample thesis format| thesis format pdf| thesis methodology| thesis paper| thesis proposal samples| thesis statement| thesis writing format| thesis writing format pdf| thesis writing help| thesis writing services| thesis writing services india| thesis writing services near me| what is a thesis| what is a thesis statement example

[wrirk1]

Get Expert Research Synopsis Writing Assistance at Wrirk.com - Say Goodbye to Struggles!

Are you struggling with writing a research synopsis? Look no further than wrirk.com for all your research paper writing needs. Our team of experts provides comprehensive assistance, including bibliometric and content analysis, to ensure your thesis synopsis format is up to par. We also offer research proposal writing services to help you take the first step in your research journey. Don't settle for a subpar research synopsis sample, trust in the professionals at wrirk.com to guide you to success.

[fridgrave2-0]

I'm tired of pretending that I'm okay with ford being an absolute asshole towards fiddleford and basically abusing him.

first of all, yes, it's not ford's fault that he was manipulated (doubtful tbh) and abused by bill, but that doesn't give him the right to be a jerk who closes his eyes on his friend's deepest traumas. the traumas fiddleford got only because stanford completely ignored his warning and got fidds involved into bunch of shit. like his monster hunting which wasn't even the reason fiddleford went to gravity falls in the first place. he was there to help ford build the portal, not to be a part of ford's anomaly quest. and when fiddleford spoke out against it he was ignored because ford doesn't give a shit about anyone else but himself or his muse. fiddleford got traumatized physically and mentally so deeply that in the need to be able to sleep at night peacefully he completely destroyed his mind to the state that even bill was scared to be in there. and what stanford did? he (the one who couldn't care less about fidds warning him about gremoblin) critiqued fiddleford for using the memory gun and didn't even bother to apologize or say that he's sorry in the journal. god, what am I saying, he didn't even took fiddleford to the hospital after fiddleford feel from the sky through the roof of a fucking barn with a dozen of poisonous quills in his body AND A BROKEN ARM. ford described what happened to fidds in the journal, said he "took him home for a treatment" and the next two paragraphs on the other page is "good news the hyperdrive works" LIKE IS THAT THE ONLY THING YOU CARE ABOUT WHAT THE HELL??? "despite our fortune, I have become worried about my assistant... I myself have survived many monster attacks without trauma, but perhaps F is more sensitive that I realized". no shit sherlock, who would've imagine that seeing your worst nightmares and being poisoned can leave a mark on your mental state. sure it's just fiddleford, he's just overreacting because he's "sensitive"))) /src

ford was ignoring fiddleford's concerns all the fucking time that mcgucket was there with him, he took a superstitious and religious guy with anxiety into the forest with real ass monsters who's no one but ford is used to see. fiddleford was warning stanford about shifty and got kidnapped with his identity stolen by the shapeshifter because ford didn't listen. well, at least this time stanford had bothered to apologize for another traumatic event- ah no, next thing ford said is that when the portal is finished all the traumas fiddleford had been through were "worth it". ford just finds ways to make everything worse

we all know that fiddleford has an addictive personality and that the memory gun is the biggest example of that. what we don't talk enough about is that ford at some point decided that sleeping is for losers, but didn't stop at himself and made fiddleford drink 13 fucking cups of coffee, not allowing him to sleep, what in the future made fiddleford a caffeine addict. ford is not only an overworking idiot who gladly damages his own health, no! he wants fiddleford to be the same and quote "gets frustrated" when fiddleford cares not only about his own, but their both basic needs. fiddleford had to work on the portal, get in the trouble with monsters because of ford, but also babysit this manchild to prevent him collapsing from exhaustion (which is more impossible than building a giant portal into the multiverse)

and here we are, the portal testing. once again (and as always) fiddleford did warned ford about everything. fiddleford was working without breaks for days to make sure if the portal will work, and when he found the flaws, he wrote a whole fucking thesis paper, putting all ford's research into a solid work (not taking even smallest credit even tho he was the one to build the portal. when fiddleford had his own theory in the university, ford helped him to only proof that fidds wasn't going crazy by checking the calculations and ford bothered to take the credit for the whole theory, but fiddleford who was a part and a victim of this monumental theory of weirdness didn't took it because he unlike ford doesn't care only about fame). but what did stanford do? he assumed that fiddleford wanted to steal his fucking fame and backstab him. ford didn't even bother to look at something fiddleford was making for three days without resting to make sure that portal won't hurt anyone in the town and that ford won't end up with empty hand if the portal was indeed a lost cause. stanford coldly dismissed fiddleford like they weren't friends, said that he doesn't really waiting fiddleford for the test of the device that fiddleford did built, and even knowing that the portal was dangerous fiddleford chose to come for the test

and then fiddleford got in the portal and it was the biggest traumatic event for him. it was the breaking point for him from which he couldn't stop using the memory gun. it damaged him so much, that he turned from that bright 30-y.o. man into the familiar to us old man mcgucket in the span of two years. his life was ruined for another 30 years, a half of his life he was a mad lonely guy who lived in the junkyard. the man who could've become someone like steve jobs but much better if only he didn't go to help stanford. his family could've been full, tate could have his father. the incident with the portal was the moment of no return for fiddleford, and what did stanford do?

when fiddleford got sucked in the portal, he thought only about the success of his work, that for fidds it was "a remarkable opportunity to confirm or deny the theory" (which he already did with his pre-test research). he didn't think that it was dangerous on the other side, that the portal wouldn't just disintegrate fidds on atoms. and when stanford saw him speaking in a non-human way, shaking and twitching in shock like fiddleford did after the gremoblin incident, ford decided it was nothing. when fiddleford warned him about the apocalypse because he was in the portal and saw it with his own eyes, ford, as always, didn't listen. he didn't just not care about fidds' condition — he diminished everything fiddleford was feeling and everything he witnessed only because it didn't fit in ford's believes which were based just on bill's words (and for stanford it's not something new to belittle things related to fiddleford. he wasn't taking fidds' dream of creating a portable computer seriously, believing that his weirdness theory was much more important)

and after this, stanford insults fiddleford and his family in the journal. he says that he doesn't regret their partnership (it's not really a partnership if stanford didn't count fiddleford as an equal) and friendship breaking up. "to think I considered him a friend!" I doubt he ever did. stanford doesn't know shit about being a good friend (or even a decent person) to someone who sacrificed everything for him. who did put his life aside to be with ford, who cared enough to stay despite stanford again and again putting him in danger, constantly waving him away and feeling no remorse for that. fiddleford was breaking himself for this guy, he canonically was going through "I am nobody to ford if I don't build stuff for him" (and in the end this is exactly what happened). fiddleford didn't tell ford most of his fears and concerns because he didn't want to bother him. fidds was constantly scared and kept in inside because he wanted to be a "better partner". "if I have an anxiety, I will pop anxiety pills", "I'm gonna get through this". and then he didn't

fiddleford was abused by stanford. he was to stanford that ford was to bill, in some ways even worse. it's fucking wild that fiddleford did forgive ford after 30 years of a neverending madness nightmare with his mind being destroyed so much as like it was the earth in the times of the dinosaurs after being hit by the meteorite. fiddleford had lost literally everything, he wasn't even himself for a half of his life and still fidds found the strength to forgive someone who is responsible for it and who used him with regular emotional neglect. and you know what? fuck this. ford would never forgive bill and fiddleford had every right to stay mad at stanford. ford needed to be stuck in the portal to get his head out of the ass and by that time there were only crumbs of someone who fiddleford once was

fiddauthor and billford both are about abuse and toxic relationships. it's up to you what you like to ship, but we need to acknowledge the fact that fiddauthor isn't some fluffy healthy thing where both are happy. fiddleford was never happy and stanford didn't care about fiddleford and his feelings. they made each other worse and ford ruined fidds' life. THIS is the real fiddauthor

[salvadorbonaparte]

How to set up a research journal

This is just one way you can set up a research journal but it's helping me tremendously so maybe it also works for you. My set-up is partially inspired by this video by Answer in Progress and I suggest you check out their curiosity journal.

Preparation

First you need a notebook. The trick is to find a notebook that you're not afraid to "ruin". We all want a really neat, aesthetic research journal, but the reality looks more like hasty scribbles, but that's okay, that's where the research breakthroughs happen.

I personally bought a cheap lined notebook from Søstrene Grene that I thought looked cute and put a sticker on it. That way I feel good about using it but I also don't mind when my handwriting gets messy because it was only like 3€.

You should also stock up on pens you like writing with. Different colour highlighters and post-its are also a good idea but not a must. Keep it cheap but comfortable.

Title Page

Here you should put down all the really important information: year, title, deadlines, word count, supervisors. Maybe add an inspirational quote to spice it up but keep it simple and relevant.

Key

This should either be your next or your last page. I personally use the last pages of my journal so I can add thing and find it easier. Your key is there to list abbreviations and symbols.

For example, I have different symbols for statistics, dates, new terminology, questions, breakthroughs, important notes and abbreviations for the most important terms in my field. It's shorter to write T9N than Translation.

The trick here is to have enough abbreviations and symbols to save time and effort but not so many that you constantly have to look back and forth between your page and key. They should be memorable and not easy to confuse.

Topic Mind map

If you hate mind maps you can skip this of course or use a different method but what helped me is to visualise all the topics that connect to my research project in a mind map. I then colour-coded the main groups of topics with my highlighters. It helps me to keep an overview on how many topics I need to do research on.

Proposal

If you're writing a thesis/dissertation it can be helpful to have a page set aside for your proposal and take some bullet point notes on methodology, chapter structure, research context, aims and objectives and think of some titles. You can also do this for your lit review and a list of works to include.

Hypothesis and Question Pages

I set aside four pages for this but you can adjust this to your needs. The first page is my hypothesis. It doesn't have to be fully formed yet, it can just be bullet points with five question marks. You can always revise and update it but it is important to keep an eye on what you're actually trying to find out.

The next idea is basically just stolen from Answer in Progress: a section for big questions, medium questions and little questions. These aren't necessarily hypotheses you aim to answer but questions you have about your topic that might be good to look into (maybe they lead somewhere, maybe they don't).

Research Notes

Now comes the big, fun part. Research notes are allowed to be a little messy but you should have some sort of system so you can actually find what you're looking for afterwards. I'm currently just looking at books and articles so that's what my system is based on. You can totally adjust this to include other forms of research.

What I do is that I put down and underline the author and title of my source. Underneath that I use my highlighters and mark the topic of the paper based on how I colour-coded them in my mind map. You might have to do this after you've finished reading. For example, if a text talks about censorship and dubbing in Germany, three of my topics, I will draw three lines in light blue, dark blue and red, the colours I chose for those topics. This way you can easily browse your notes and see which pages are talking about which topics.

When it comes to the actual research notes, I include the page number on the left and then take bullet point notes on whatever is relevant. These are often abbreviated and paraphrased but if something is especially important I will write down a full quote.

As mentioned earlier, I have a key of symbols I use so I can simply put down a '!' in order to differentiate a research breakthrough from a normal note. You can insert your own thoughts much more easily when you know you'll be able to tell them apart later on. At the end of each article, book or even chapter I write down my main takeaway.

Other Notes

This is your research journal and you can do with it what you want. I also added lists of films that might be relevant for my research, a list of databases and publishers to check for papers and tips on research strategy.

If you're working with interviews or surveys you could write down your questions. If you're nervous about your research you could include a list of reasons why your research project is important or why you're doing it. You can include a to-do list or a calendar to track meetings with supervisors. Anything that helps you with your research.

[literaryvein-reblogs]

Writing Notes: Outline

Outline - a skeletal representation of the sequence of the main ideas in your essay.

The sequence of ideas/topics also serves as a guide for the reader(s) of your paper.

2 Purposes of an Outline

For You as a Writer (this is the “working outline”)

You may draft a working outline in order to organize the sections of your paper as you list the major ideas/topics you plan to discuss.

You may add minor topics and supporting details as your research continues.

In the research and drafting processes, you may need to revise the information included in your working outline as new information comes to light.

For Your Instructor (this is the “final outline”)

The most important aspect of the final outline is that it is truly representative of your actual paper.

If a topic is in your outline but not adequately discussed in your paper, revision is necessary.

To serve as a guide for the reader, the final outline must accurately reflect the content of your paper.

About the Working Outline

The working outline does not need to be written in any specific format.

It is for your own use, an informal rough draft of tentative information that you may use or discard later.

You may write a working outline in whatever form seems most helpful for you.

By the time you have finished your research and begun your paper, you should have a nearly complete outline to edit and use as your final outline.

About the Formal Outline

The standard format for a formal outline includes large Roman numerals for the main headings, capital letters for subtopics and Arabic numerals for the sub-subtopics.

To find specific information regarding correct spacing and alignment, consult your university's handbook.

Example

OUTLINE

Thesis Statement: There are benefits as well as drawbacks to purchasing a home.

I. Benefits of purchasing a home

A. Financial investment B. Personal privacy

II. Drawbacks to purchasing a home

A. Financial commitment B. Costly maintenance

Things to Consider About Outlines

Thesis Statement

Most outlines begin with the thesis statement, aligned to the left and placed directly below the heading (Title) of your outline.

Sentence Outline OR Topic Outline

Consistency is the key to writing your outline.

If your outline is in sentence form, all parts of it (major topics, minor topics, supporting details) must be in sentence form.

If your outline is written in words, and phrases, all of it must be in that form.

The main point to remember is that your outline will be one or the other, all sentences or all words and phrases, not a combination of both.

Paired Headings

If you have a I., you must have at least a II. If you have an A., you must have a B.

If you have a 1., you must have a 2.

There is never a division without at least two headings, although you may have several more than two.

Comparable Numerals or Letters

Like headings are also of equal significance to your paper.

The B or C following an A is of comparable importance to the A.

If the paired headings do not seem aligned, one being a minor point and the other a major area of discussion, you may need to move headings and subheadings around in the working outline to create smooth transition of ideas and information.

Coherence

Your outline will reflect the progression of ideas in each section of your paper, from major topics to minor topics to supporting details or further information.

In organizing your outline, you should find that you have grouped topics in a logical order, and you will be able to see at a glance if you have done so.

Source

[theunaestheticstudyblr]

Tips for playing catch up:

Make a list of the things you need to do along with an estimated time for each thing

Figure out how much time you have to catch up

Rank the things by importance. For example, a thesis statement for a research project is probably going to be more important than an hour long homework assignment.

Start on the long, important assignments and when you want to work on something different, pick a short thing to do. Take a break from that 8 page paper and go wash the dishes type deal. If you exhaust yourself on one thing, you won't get anything done.

Recognize that you most likely won't get everything you need to done. And be ok with that. Don't stress about it. Look at your list and ignore the least important things.

See if you can get an extension. Most times people are willing to help if you communicate!

Focus. This is buckle down time. It's hard and sucks but you can get through this I promise. It's ok to cry. We all cry.

Take plenty of breaks and don't panic. Focus on the important things. Just because something is lengthy doesn't mean it's more important.

You got this love!

[postcardsfromspace]

Wasn’t sure what else to do with it, so I stuck my Master’s thesis online. It’s a history of Autistic advocacy as it correlates with, is informed by, and ultimately informs diagnostic criteria; followed by notes toward an oral history of ASAN.

At least some if it is--as far as I know--seminal work.

Abstract: Unlike the larger disability rights movement with which it is aligned, the history ofAutistic-led advocacy is limited to the last thirty years. In this thesis, I use peer-reviewed papers,first-hand accounts, and historical examples to examine how the exclusion of Autistic adultsfrom diagnostic criteria effectively obviated the development of Autistic communities andorganizations and paved the way for a parent-dominated movement; and the parallel role ofchanging diagnostic criteria and a popularly accessible Internet in the subsequent rapid evolutionof Autistic advocacy, including the eventual role of Autistic advocates in redefining diagnosticcriteria. Following the researched portion of the thesis are preliminary materials and notestoward the development of a comprehensive oral history of the Autistic Self Advocacy Network.

[gothhabiba]

ooh could you elaborate on how the academic approach to social science topics varies across countries? and how different essay structures reflect those different approaches? what you said sounded interesting and i think it aligns with my experiences but im curious what exactly you had in mind

Not just the social sciences in particular but essay-writing in general is different from country to country, in terms of how essays are divided into different main “types” (e.g. summary, critical lens, argumentative, &c.); in terms of which tone is thought to be appropriate for which type of essay—how much you should argue forcibly and how much you should speculate or leave up to the reader; in terms of how much the language of an essay should mimick the language of speech (from “a subset of a spoken language that is considered formal” to “entire grammatical structures and verb tenses that don’t exist in spoken language” to “literally a completely different language"); in terms of what is an appropriate choice of subject for an essay of which type; in terms of how you should treat other writers whom your essay cites; &c. &c.

In the USA you tend to see, at least at the high school and lower collegiate levels, essays divided into an introduction that does specific things (introduces a wider topic, "narrows down" into the particular text or part of that topic being discussed, ends with a multi-part thesis statement explaining what you will argue); three or so body paragraphs that also do very specific things (argue one sub-point of the thesis statement, in order; begin with a topic sentence; continue with examples and arguments in support of the topic sentence, incorporating quotes to support your argument in one of a few specific ways and then analysing those quotes one by one; end with a sentence transitioning to the next paragraph); and then a concluding paragraph (opens with a restatement of the thesis; continues to summarise what has been argued; concludes with a statement of the broader relevance or importance of what the essay has argued). This will be called the "argumentative essay structure" or "hourglass essay" or "5-paragraph essay."

The tone should be forcefully argumentative, should not include statements such as "I think," "I believe," or anything else that seems too speculative (or indeed any first-person reference to the author at all); should not include any appeal to the reader to make up their own mind; &c. At a higher level, research essays should include sources, not so that these sources can be used to support the main point, but so that the essay's author can disagree with these sources in order to indicate that they are sufficiently "critical" and are contributing to their field (this is also true in the UK). Professors will probably want you to evaluate the assumptions that other writers are making, measure the merits of one writer's position against another, and argue for your own interpretation strongly and clearly in such a way that you don't seem to believe it to be an interpretation but rather demonstrably true. They may expect you to anticipate and 'disprove' counter-arguments that could potentially be levelled against your argument. The point is to 'convince' the reader of something. You'll often hear things like "you can argue whatever you want, as long as you can support it"; you are meant to chuse the topic and argument of a paper yourself, and a teacher or professor is not strictly meant to grade a well-structured essay poorly just because they disagree with you.

In terms of style, a sufficiently formal register (which excludes certain expressions and words used in everyday speech and in other kinds of writing, and includes others not used in speech) is expected; varied sentence structure is valued. At a lower level, you are expected to summarise enough background information to allow someone who has not read e.g. the novel you're talking about to understand your essay; at a graduate level, you may assume familiarity with the plot points of canonical texts.

These are all really particular ideas that go along with a specific philosophy about the purpose of writing in general, or in the social sciences and humanities in particular. They're not inherent to what "an essay" is (much less to what "writing" or "good writing" is).

French essay-writing is similarly extremely specific, but is completely different in structure. A successful French 'dissertation' (not 'dissertation' as in 'thesis'; basically an argumentative essay) needs to demonstrate strict adherence to a certain organisational structure. It should open with a 'problématique,' or central question / idea, which the entire essay will be conceptually and structurally centred around. Rather than arguing sub-points of a larger thesis one at a time, the essay's three body paragraphs are linked to each other with a dialectical, interrogative logic wherein the first paragraph will evaluate one side of a question (thesis), the second another side of the question or the opposite argument (anithesis), and the third will argumentatively compare these arguments (synthesis). Each segment of the essay should be more or less exactly the same length. These dissertations are further divided into 'thematic,' 'interrogative,' and 'implicit' essays, which each have their own expectations and guiding principles.

The first parts of the essay should not contain the author's own opinion or argument; this should be reserved for the concluding section, in which the student may relate their opinion to the arguments that they have discussed earlier. The introduction should include an overview of the structure of the essay. You are not asked to argue resoundingly for one point of view over another, but to examine a question from all sides, to evaluate it dialectically in its full complexity, and to evaluate different arguments with respect to the central question or idea against each other. Influential ideas about the topic are not cited just so that they can be argued against.

The style is expected to be, in my opinion, more clearly delineated from French as it is spoken than is the case for English-language essays; variation in sentence length or structure is not thought to be of importance; sentences of much greater length (as compared to standards for contemporary English-language writing) are considered acceptable. You should not introduce background information about the author, plot elements, publication date &c., which is considered extraneous to the essay's structure.

I know less about essay-writing in other academic cultures, but I'm sure information about this can easily be found. On a quick search, Japanese essays seem to be structured and styled quite differently from English-language ones, being more open to speculative statements such as "I think," and less insistent on front-loading a clearly delineated thesis statement.

In the Arabic-speaking world, memorisation, repetition, and recitation are highly valued in lower education. "Literacy" may look very different than a conception of "literacy" in the USA, where recitation of the Qu'ran with special attention given to its spelling and pronunciation (remember that this pronunciation will sometimes differ wildly from that of any language that students speak in their daily lives) may supercede analysis or interpretation of what is being read. Higher education tends to take place in Standard Arabic, a language in which correct expression is of religious importance. An abstract on Arabic-language essay-writing in Malaysian secondary school summarises the qualities of a successful essay-writer:

Students obviously have wide vocabulary; who able to create simple sentences; able to attach the Quranic verses, hadiths and virtuous phrase in their essay; know and able to make use of dictionary; master the techniques of memorizing main ideas of an essay and have group discussions and love writing. [...] They use various Arabic vocabulary and master in grammar. They are also skillful in using Arabic language to form correct sentences and also know how to utilize paragraphs for each content of the essay. Moreover they know when to use punctuations correctly.

Of course there are exceptions within any given country, university, or department, and essay-writing expectations differ by field and by level. I invite the reader to speculate about the potential ideological drivers of what is considered 'acceptable,' 'good,' or 'correct' versus 'undesirable,' 'inappropriate,' or 'unorganised' writing in different academic cultures.

[girl4music]

So I’ve been spending these passed couple of days off work researching cast/crew interviews about ‘Xena: Warrior Princess’ and a good few of them I’ve found have been Renee O’Connor interviews where she talks about the significance of Gabrielle as a character and how she relates to Xena. How she personally perceives the nature of the relationship between them. Renee has always perceived it as definitely romantic but not necessarily sexual. She’s always perceived Xena and Gabrielle as best friends in love rather than an actual official couple. Rather than sexually involved lovers. And it’s interesting to read her views of the characters and their relationship together through this lens because she - like me - seems to come at it from a much more profound and spiritual perspective. It really does make me wonder what she would think and tell me if she ever read my character study thesis because I think she would agree with it to be honest. She’d resonate with the theory that the characters were so intertwined with each other emotionally and intimately that they were one soul inhabiting two bodies that became each other at the conclusion.

It’s just the way she talks about the characters and their relationship together makes me think that way. Take for example this interview from way back in 2010. The way she expresses her views about both Xena and Gabrielle here and their love relationship.

WVM: “As I wrote on my blog today, to a true Xena fan, I’m probably the nightmare, because I’ve never seen the show. Now I’m intrigued, and I want to catch up on the series. So tell me: who is Gabrielle? What should I look out for as I watch?”

ROC: “In the beginning, she is very naïve, with an intense desire to search for who she is. Then she starts to be the counterbalance to Xena’s pragmatic warrior, so she becomes more of the peaceful, compassionate, loving partner to Xena’s person-seeking-redemption. Xena the Warrior Princess is looking for redemption, and Gabrielle is guiding her there in some profound way. I think that if you thought of the whole arc of the series, that’s what you could say. Xena discovers true love in Gabrielle. What else should you look for? In the beginning, she’s one of those people who can get herself out of any situation through fast talking. By the end of the series, she actually gets herself out of situations by using her own physical strength, fighting alongside Xena.”

WVM: “She’s also a bard. What does that mean, in Xena terms?”

ROC: “Gabrielle is a great storyteller. She loves to meet the poets along the way. Even at the end of the series — she admires Sappho’s poetry, and so Xena gives her this gift, a poem to her from Sappho. Gabrielle is the person who writes down and archives the adventures of Xena all along the way. Then she puts them in these scrolls, which are her prized possessions, and she carries them on all their journeys. So one great piece of humor is when Xena discovers that she can’t find any paper in the forest, so she uses one of the scrolls, rips off a piece of one.”

WVM: “That kind of paper? Toilet paper?”

ROC: “Yes! There was a wonderful lightness in the series. There were feminist themes, anti-war themes. But also humor. I still remember that scene: “Scrolls? You used my scrolls?”

It’s still the ultimate buddy movie, too. [Gabrielle and Xena] could always rely on each other. We always loved each other, too, so whenever a tragic flaw came over one of us, we always came through to the other side still loving each other.”

WVM: “But it’s my understanding that they were never depicted as lovers outright.”

ROC: “That was asked today. Someone said, “Do you think they ever basically made love,” is what the question was. That’s been the question of subtext for all these years. There was an incredible intimacy between Xena and Gabrielle. I don’t know if I said, “Yes” or “Probably.” If so, Lucy [Lawless, who played Xena] and I never defined that in playing the characters.

It’s a relationship I don’t think I’ve ever had: it’s best friends, it’s maternal, it’s combative — such as in warfare when you have to rely on your partner to think quickly.”

WVM: “There’s also an element of big sister/little sister, isn’t there?”

ROC: “Yeah, and yet I felt Xena was quite maternal, too. Xena defended Gabrielle. I don’t know if she sacrificed herself. It’s more than just a sexual intimacy. But that’s what people saw, so that’s what they could resonate with the most.”

WVM: “We don’t often get to see women’s friendship treated in this kind of depth. Usually the depictions are pretty superficial, or they don’t take up much screen time. And men — myself included — are always certain that there’s more going on and much more said between women when we’re not in the room.”

ROC: “Interesting. That’s the mind of a man!”

Renée recalled a scene between Xena and Gabrielle that demonstrated the characters’ closeness.

ROC: “We were around the campfire talking about a recap of what happened in the episode, some sort of change in the character had happened, and it was an intimate, vulnerable moment, and it happened around the campfire. I think there’s a moment of intimacy when people are vulnerable and open and loving, and I guess that’s where the “dot dot dot” comes in.

It’s funny you say that [about women’s friendships], because I think women are probably more threatened [than men] by seeing someone they love in an intimate relationship with someone else. Women feel that way. As opposed to something that looks — something that might just be a lustful projection. Isn’t that true?”

WVM: “I think guys tend to congratulate each other, rather than feel threatened. Maybe they’re hurt when feeling left out, like “I can’t hang out with my buddy because he’s out with his girflriend.”

While Renée reflected on this, I observed that, at the convention, it was clear that a number of the women present at the convention considered Xena and Gabrielle as models for their own loving relationships with other women. Renée cautioned that her perspective shouldn’t be taken as authoritative, merely because she played one of the characters, but she does understand the interpretation.

ROC: “I have to embrace that, because truly the lesbian community is still our most loyal following, definitely, after all these years. So if that’s what they want to see, absolutely, go for it, sure.”

WVM: “Is it flattering to be viewed this way by a community, that you’re telling their stories?”

ROC: “You know, I come at it from the other angle. I’m almost worried — and I’m not a worrisome person — but I worry about misrepresenting the community, because I don’t expect to be iconic. I can’t represent them in a way that is truly truthful, and so I don’t know that I should be the spokesperson. [That is to say, because she’s a straight woman in real life.]

I think people resonate with me personally because of the person I am. I care about the fans, I really do. I want them to be happy. I want them to feel like they can stand up and say, “I’m gay,” and be fulfilled in so many ways and never be discriminated against. That’s what’s important in what they see in me. I don’t want them to feel isolated or feel like they have to hide or feel ashamed. And I think the young girls feel that way because they don’t have anyone to talk to and they don’t know what to do. I have felt that in my life, and so I feel like I want to say to them, “You don’t have to do that, you can stand up and be who you are.”

WVM: “A lot of people identify very closely with Gabrielle’s spiritual journey.”

ROC: “I don’t know that she meant it to be a spiritual journey. I think she was trying to search for her individual way. There was an element to the spiritual quest there, but I don’t think it was isolated around spirituality. You know, there are just some people who feel incongruent, they have different aspects and they don’t line up. They feel conflicted. [Gabrielle] was in love with someone who was a warrior and was killing people, and yet Gabrielle wanted the life of a compassionate pacifist. So how does she do that? That was how I came at it.”

WVM: “I should probably use the word “meaning” rather than “spirituality.”

ROC: “Yes, yes, looking for meaning, sure.”

Left the link to the original source if you’d like to read the whole interview. I’ve just transcribed a small part of it. But isn’t it interesting though that Renee views the characters and the way they relate to each other in their friendship romantically but not sexually. I obviously perceive Xena and Gabrielle as a couple so I do think they have sex - it’s just not for us to see on-screen - but I do think they focus more so on the emotional and spiritual connection between them - which I do believe is what makes them an epic romance/love story as opposed to any other WLW ship that there is that is represented to be explicitly sexual.

Xena and Gabrielle really are a very special WLW ship in that you can either view them just as friends and completely platonically if you like… or not. At the end of the day what matters is the love they have is so real and deep and strong that it goes beyond sex and romance. It’s not just Renee that will tell you this out of the cast/crew of ‘Xena: Warrior Princess’ regardless of how they personally perceive the characters and the nature of their relationship together. They all will. But I just think Renee is the best at explaining this because she really gets down to the core of who the characters are and how they relate to each other which is why I think she would agree with my thesis.

SOURCE: http://billmadison.blogspot.com/2010/09/interview-renee-oconnor.html?m=1

[stuckwith-harry]

i am handing in my b.a. thesis (on motherhood in gothic fiction) in a few short days and though i have been complaining about having to write it for six months straight, right now i am actually feeling bereft of future opportunities to write academic papers about my silly little interests. for instance right now i really want to research & write about dracula daily & genre & the impacts of the newsletter format on the narrative (the addition of a timeloop)

i think about format and the specifics of narration a lot when i'm writing my own little things and i loooove when the narration - not just the narrator, but the act of telling the story - is part of the narrative. love when the narration is diegetic! love an epistolary novel (like dracula!) for this reason. should read more of them

inventory by carmen maria machado (short story! read it immediately!) is a GREAT example of this. the format of the narration is so integral to the story. does more than elevate it imo, i would argue the story genuinely wouldn't work any other way

g*d. i'm gonna have to become a video essayist

[bettsfic]

In reference to your recent ask. I know some writers, me included bare really scared to ingest media in the genres we are currently writing in, for fear of accidentally sounding like the stories we just consumed. Is studying different genres before drafting actually important, like you said books that have been doing well in the last ten years for that specific genre?

first, i think it's flawed logic to avoid reading your genre because you're afraid of copying someone else. unless you straight up take their words, the worst that will happen is that someone will be better than you or have a similar idea as you and you'll feel bad about it. but you need to know what's out there in order to make informed decisions in your own work, in the same way you have to do research to develop a thesis in an academic paper. just because a novel is creative writing doesn't mean you can write in a vacuum. all creativity exists in response to existing work; your work can only ever get better by reading what else is out there, because there's more stuff you can respond to. and if you do take from someone else, by the time your manuscript gets into the hand of agents and editors, anything you might have borrowed will have been distorted into something new or completely edited out.

but that's broadly speaking. while actively drafting something new, writing's relationship with reading is a complicated one. i think it's important to read in your genre between projects (at least), and once you have a full draft, that's when you might want to begin more in depth market research, because that will help you create your pitch. market research isn't reading for funsies, it's developing a familiarity with the greater industry of publishing. that means you may only read the first 25% of a book and then the last ten pages, and move on to the next thing. reading for research is a completely different skill than reading for fun. you take what you need and you move on. your genre, whatever it is, is smaller than it seems, and the more you know about it, the more real it becomes to you. eventually you'll walk into a book store, go to your genre's section, and one out of every twenty books is going to be by an author you've met, worked with, or befriended.

you may be interested in more than one genre, or writing cross-genre, and that's fine. actually, that narrows your work significantly. the world of literary or upmarket science fiction, for example, is far smaller than literary fiction and science fiction separately. it's also a much newer market. if you're writing some kind of experimental, highbrow post-apocalypse novel, your predecessors are the road, station eleven, and a handful of others.

it may seem overwhelming, but the key is to read what interests you and let it inspire your work. ideally what interests you is also what you write, but i know that's not always a 1:1 scenario. then when you're ready to start sending your work out, that's when it's most important to buckle down and see what else is out there, so you're not sending an MS out into the world thinking you've created something wholly original when your basic concept hit the bestseller list last year and that author already sold film rights. you need to be able to acknowledge that other text in your query or pitch and explain how your story is different.

[wrirk1]

Expert Guidance for Writing a Standout Research Proposal in India: Bibliometrics, Content Analysis, and More

Are you a PhD student in India looking to write a research proposal? Look no further! Our team at wrirk.com offers expert guidance in bibliometric and content analysis to ensure your proposal stands out. Our implementation research toolkit is a valuable resource for any researcher. In addition, we offer online thesis writing services to make the process as smooth as possible. Need help with the synopsis format for your project or the thesis writing format in pdf? We've got you covered. Contact us today for a consultation and take the first step towards a successful research proposal. #researchproposal #phd #india #bibliometrics #contentanalysis #implementationresearch #thesiswriting #synopsisformat #thesisformat

[jessamine-rose]

༻ The Golden Ratio ༺

Another deleted scene from Chemistry which I just had to recycle. May you all enjoy this fluffy, non-yandere take on Dottore and the science of love (≡^∇^≡)

♡ 0.9k words under the cut ♡

“Zandik, look over here! Aren’t these specimens remarkable?”

“Yes, they are,” he replies dismissively.

You frown, turning away the patch of Rukkhashava Mushrooms. Your classmate is still tinkering with the Ruin Guard, completely absorbed in his research.

“Liar. You didn’t even look at it.”

He doesn’t even try to deny it. “Can’t you see that I’m busy? If you allow me to finish my research, I can promise my full attention later.”

“But that’s what you said with the last sample,” you point out. “Is it too much to stop and admire the scenery for a few minutes? You are utterly rigid.”

Though you wouldn’t have fallen for him otherwise.

Zandik gives you an unamused look. “And you are too carefree, though I may recognize such childlike curiosity as befitting of your Darshan.”

You give him a bright smile. “Thank you for the acknowledgement!”

Was that a compliment or an insult? Either way, Zandik has been observing you!

As of now, your research expeditions have yielded little progress in your relationship. Your crush remains distant, focused on his work, at odds with your research approach. Still, you are thankful for the opportunity to witness him in action. To spend time with him.

Your own research is sufficient. You sit on the grass and watch Zandik, committing his visage to memory. After a few minutes, he breaks the silence.

“I am intrigued,” he says, “by your attitude to my research. The Sages always scold me whenever I express my fascination in these ancient machines.”

His research notes are neatly arranged beside his tools. The pages are marked with meticulous reports and detailed drawings. His enthusiasm practically bleeds into the paper.

You approach him, uncaring of your close proximity to the Ruin Guard.

“Well, I must disagree with them. No matter how dangerous those machines can be, they are still something to study. One might claim they are no different from my research specimens.”

“Ah, yes. Your little plants and animals,” he replies, glancing at your research notes. “And why do you research those subjects, may I ask?”

“Should there be an important reason?” you ask, adjusting your Amurta scarf. “It’s because they’re beautiful. Simple as that.”

Beautiful, mysterious, vital to this world.

“I did not take you for the poetic type,” he muses. “Anything can be deemed beautiful from one’s subjective perspective.”

“That is true,” you agree, “like your interest in the Ruin Machines. But objectively speaking, there are mathematical theories which can explain our prevalent standards of beauty. The golden ratio, for instance.”

“Ah, yes. That old thing.” A confident smile appears on his face. “I’ve read a thesis about the golden ratio in relation to facial aesthetics. Apparently, I am a good example.”

“Not a surprise. Many people find you handsome.”

“And what about you?” Zandik resumes eye contact, scarlet eyes tinged with amusement. “Do you agree with that conclusion?”

Your cheeks flush. “W-Well…yes, since you claim that your face fits the golden ratio.”

“That is an inadequate basis for your answer.” He stands in front of you and caresses your cheek, preventing you from looking away. “Why don’t you personally test that hypothesis? I will do the same with your face.”

He’s so close.

“All…all right.” You stay still and focus on his face, making the mental measurements.

His facial proportions are more or less congruent with the golden ratio. There are some details which may serve as basis for a counterargument, however.

His bangs obstruct your complete analysis. You’ve always adored his messy hairstyle, those stray curls which complement his character. You know from previous interactions that his hair is soft to the touch.

There is also his boyish, sharp-toothed grin which is equal parts manic and mischievous. His calm, close-mouthed smile is more aesthetically pleasing, but it lacks his unabashed ardor. Nevertheless, you are captivated with both versions, especially when those smiles are directed at you.

His eyes. They are like red suns, always bright and intense. There is a fascinated gleam in his gaze whenever he comes across something new.

It is beautiful. All of him.

His voice is what brings you back to reality.

“I am done with my measurements,” he announces.

“I…I see.” You give him a nervous smile, acutely aware that he is still touching your face. You’re blushing; can he tell? “So am I. Why don’t you go first?”

“You are beautiful.”

What?

Zandik taps his fingers on your cheek, tracing lines on your face. He’s close—too close, your flustered expression trapped in his ruby eyes. His expression is serious yet neutral, as though he is merely studying a specimen.

“A…according to which theory?” you stutter. “The golden ratio?”

He smiles at you. “I am speaking from my own personal opinion. If the laws of nature say otherwise, I must disagree and prove them wrong.”

A specimen worthy of his full attention.

Words fail you. What can you possibly say after receiving such a compliment?

Ever the diligent scholar, Zandik lets go of you and returns to the Ruin Guard.

“That is all I have to say,” he says. He picks up a rusty cog and takes notes. “And what of your observation? Do you find me beautiful, ______?”

You remain in your spot. “...Yes, I do.”

His tone is smug. “Objectively or subjectively?”

Honestly, why did you fall for someone like him?

“I’m not sure,” you admit.

“I see.” Zandik gives you one last smile, a knowing twinkle in his eyes. “Let us continue this experiment later. I am not one to be satisfied with ambiguous results.”

♡

This was originally written for the second chapter of Chemistry, but it felt too “close” for Dottore and Assistant! Darling’s early relationship. So I just edited and moved it to the last few chapters. But I couldn’t waste the lovely thought of Dottore’s s/o falling for the parts of him which aren’t considered beautiful by the golden ratio, so here we are~

Anyway, I hope y’all enjoyed this deleted scene ft. college crush Dottore ૮ ˶´ ᵕˋ ˶ა

Tag a Dottore enjoyer!! @gum-iie @sirbotik @surveyycorps @boundinparchment @ruayiri @darherwings @oofasleep @oh-no-i-am-here @nicebonescomrades @diaboliravioli @ryo-ri @unloadingdata @sodomewithlifern @maaarshieee @dottoreslittlelabrat @poweredbyghostadventures

[superlinguo]

10 years of a PhD

August 2023 marks ten years since I was awarded a PhD in Linguistics. I submitted the thesis for examination in February 2013, it was examined by around May, and the final version with corrections done by some time in the middle of the year. August is when I dressed up and the degree was conferred, so that's the date on the testamur that now hangs in my office. The weirdest thing about this decade is that it means I've spent longer having a PhD than doing something that was such an important time in my life. My work has continued to grow from, but still draw on, my thesis research. I have been working with speakers of Syuba as well as Lamjung Yolmo, to continue to document this language family. I've moved from a focus on evidentiality to look at reported speech, discourse and gesture. These all still require an approach that looks at both grammatical structures and how people use them, directly continuing the kind of approach I took in my PhD. I'm particularly proud of the gesture work, as this is a return to an older interest. I didn't publish my PhD as a single monograph, but turned it into a number of revised and refined papers. I publishing the descriptive grammar as a book, which was an expanded version of a slightly absurd 30k word appendix to the thesis. Below is a list of those publications, as you can see it took me quite a few years to find homes for all of this work. I've also been lucky to take my research in other directions too; my gesture work has expanded into emoji and emblems, and I've also been writing about the data management and lingcomm work I've been doing. This work has increasingly been happening with collaborators, I love how much better work becomes when people talk each other into do their best thinking. I know I'm very fortunate to still be researching and teaching a decade after graduating, and that I have an ongoing job that lets me plan for the next decade. The thesis work informed a lot of my research, but these are the publications taken directly from the thesis:

Gawne, L. 2016. A sketch grammar of Lamjung Yolmo. Asia-Pacific Linguistics. [PDF] [blog summary]

Gawne, L. Looks like a duck, quacks like a hand: Tools for eliciting evidential and epistemic distinctions, with examples from Lamjung Yolmo (Tibetic, Nepal). 2020. Folia Linguistica, 54(2): 343-369. [Open access version][published version][blog summary]

Gawne, L. Questions and answers in Lamjung Yolmo Questions and answers in Lamjung Yolmo. 2016. Journal of Pragmatics 101: 31-53. [abstract] [blog summary]

Gawne, L. 2015. The reported speech evidential particle in Lamjung Yolmo. Linguistics of the Tibeto-Burman Area, 38(2): 292-318. [abstract][pre-publication PDF]

Evidentiality in Lamjung Yolmo. 2014. Journal of the South East Asian Linguistics Society, 7: 76-96. [Open Access PDF]

A list of all publications is available on my website: https://laurengawne.com/publications/