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synergysilhouette · 3 months

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Diversifying the Scooby-Doo Gang (inspired by "Velma")

I'll just go ahead and say it: I'm not a huge fan of changing a character's identity when they've existed as the same thing for so long (Yeah, I'll be that guy), but for the sake of the argument, if the Scooby gang was to be more diverse in a series like "Velma"--but you know, with better writing--I thought I'd put my own thoughts on paper. I actually did brainstorm Scooby Doo series before, and I'll leave the post for them below. As for my version of a diverse Scooby Gang:

Fred Jones--Puerto Rican ancestry. This isn't really a lore-related thing; it's just a callback to the fact that Freddie Prinze Jr (who played Fred in the live-action 2000s films) had a grandmother from Puerto Rico, and it'd be a cool tie-in to him while still pretty much keeping Fred more or less the same. To be fair, Hispanic isn't a race per se, but an ethnicity, and I still see Fred as predominantly white (his father would probably be be an Anglo American with the surname Jones and his mom would be Puerto Rican), but his background would be different. If the show really wanted to dive into deep topics, perhaps it'd be worth exploring themes of colorism since he "looks" white (and the discussion of race vs ethnicity), and the fact that he's automatically "othere'd" when it's revealed that he's Hispanic. Something I think that's been lost on several 21st century incarnations of Fred is that he's pretty intelligent and socially adept, so I would like to keep that concept.

2. Daphne Blake--Scottish-American. I'm sure the gang's ancestry and families have been explored in depth in various incarnations, but none of them stood out to me like Daphne's Scottish ancestry in "Scooby Doo and the Loch Ness Monster." While in "Velma" Fred is the only white character, Daphne would be the only (completely) white character in my iteration. I'd also want them to get a hold on her angle as a character; depending on the show/film, she can be spunky, ditzy, bubbly, or feisty. I like the idea that she's a super sweet and upbeat girl interested in fashion and the arts, but dropping the shallow qualities that people often associate with girly-girl characters (ie commenting on someone's fashion sense, which she did a lot during the "What's New, Scooby Doo" era). I also like the "Mystery Inc" aspect of her coming from a successful family and feeling secure about who she is as a person, thus taking an interest in--and excelling at--various fields in an attempt to find herself and make her family proud.

3. Norville "Shaggy" Rogers--Middle Eastern. In loving memory to his debut voice actor, who was the son of Lebanese immigrants (and someone who would voice him for many decades afterwards), making Shaggy someone of Arab descent in this diversification scenario feels like the right thing to do, and it'd give some positive Muslim rep if they wanted to go in that direction. Being the cuisine expert that he is, Shaggy's heritage could also inroduce the audience to a lot of meals cooked in his ancestors' part of the world. Where I'd place his heritage from is uncertain as of right now, but Lebanon does seem like the most obvious way to acknowledge Casey's inspiration. It would be interesting, though if they did make Shaggy Mulsim, given his relationship with Scooby; to my understanding, dogs are seen as unclean in Islamic culture, so they're not common pets in the Arab world, which could be potential conflict for Shaggy and his family who immigrated.

4. Velma Dinkley--African-American. If I was ever to imagine Velma as a woman of color, my first thought would be as East/Sotheast Asian or black. No particular reason for it, but I did find it kinda cliche if I made the nerdy character Asian, and I didn't really have any interesting/original angles to play with how she deals with stereotypes of that. I do think Valerie Smith (from Josie and the Pussycats) did play some inspiration with that. In contrast to 21st century portrayals of her, I wouldn't portray her as insecure or snarky, but witty and a loner, but by no means miserable or bitter. Her sexuality is the topic of discussion for a lot of people, and I'd probably make her bi/pan; I'd make her a lesbian, but she did have chemistry with male characters that I liked in some of the animated movies, as well as having her occasional guy crushes in "What's New Scooby Doo" and her own journey in romance in the live-action films. And when she is attracted to women, I'd prefer if Daphne wasn't one of them; I enjoy same-sex best friends having platonic bonds without the "I've secretly crushed on you" subplot.

What do you think? Would this be a good direction to take the gang on if we did Velma all over again?

https://www.tumblr.com/synergysilhouette/702201821268246528/looking-the-late-90searly-2000s-alone?source=share

#scooby doo #velma #velma dinkley #fred jones #daphne blake #shaggy rogers #shaggy

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knowpalito · 7 years

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MEXICAN CUISINE

Recently other cuisines of the world have acquired popularity in Mexico, thus adopting a Mexican fusion cuisine. For example, sushi in Mexico is often made with a variety of sauces based on local ingredients like mango or tamarind and very often served with serrano-blended soy sauce, or complimented with habanero and chipotle peppers. The large immigration of Middle Easterns, Africans, Asians, and Europeans in Mexico has influenced Mexican cuisine as well, but the most influential is the Spanish cuisine. For example, Paella, Dates, Tacos Árabes and dolma have their origins in Arab cuisine.

Mexican cuisine, a style of food that originates in Mexico, is known for its varied flavors, colourful decoration and variety of spices and ingredients, most of which are native to the country. The cuisine of Mexico has evolved through thousands of years of blending indigenous cultures, with later European elements added after the 16th century.

Elements

The staples of Mexican foods are typically corn and beans. Corn is used to make masa, a dough for tamales, tortillas, gorditas, and many other corn-based foods. Corn is also eaten fresh, as corn on the cob and as a component of a number of dishes. Squash and chili peppers are also prominent in Mexican cuisine. Mexican cuisine is considered one of the most varied in the world, after Chinese and Indian.The most frequently used herbs and spices in Mexican cuisine are chiles, oregano, cilantro, epazote, cinnamon, and cocoa. Chipotle, a smoke-dried jalapeño chilli, is also common in Mexican cuisine. Many Mexican dishes also contain garlic and onions.

Regional cuisine - Mexican food varies by region because of Mexico's large size,local climate and geography, ethnic differences among the indigenous inhabitants and because these different populations were influenced by the Spaniards in varying degrees.

NORTHERN MEXICO

The north of Mexico is known for its beef, goat and ostrich production and meat dishes, in particular the well-known arrachera cut. When the Europeans arrived, they found much of the land in this area suitable for raising cattle, goats and sheep. This led to the dominance of meat, especially beef, in the region, and some of the most popular dishes include machaca, arrachera and cabrito. The ranch culture has also prompted cheese production and the north produces the widest varieties of cheese in Mexico. These include queso fresco (fresh farmer's cheese), ranchero (similar to Monterey Jack), cuajada (a mildly sweet, creamy curd of fresh milk), requesón (similar to cottage cheese or riccotta), Chihuahua’s creamy semi-soft quesomenonita and fifty-six varieties of asadero (smoked cheese). The north has seen waves of immigration by Chinese, Mormons, and Mennonites, who have influenced the cuisines in areas such as Chihuahua and Baja California. Most recently, Baja Med cuisine has emerged in Tijuana and elsewhere in Baja California, combining Mexican and Mediterranean flavors.

OAXACA

The cooking of Oaxaca remained more intact after the Conquest, as the Spanish took the area with less fighting and less disruption of the economy and food production systems. However, it was the first area to experience the mixing of foods and cooking styles, while central Mexico was still recuperating. Despite its size, the state has a wide variety of ecosystems and a wide variety of native foods. Vegetables are grown in the central valley, seafood is abundant on the coast and the area bordering Veracruz grows tropical fruits. Much of the state’s cooking is influenced by that of the Mixtec and, to a lesser extent, the Zapotec. Later in the colonial period, Oaxaca lost its position as a major food supplier and the area’s cooking returned to a more indigenous style, keeping only a small number of foodstuffs such as chicken and pork. It also adapted mozzarella, brought by the Spanish, and modified it to what is known now as Oaxaca cheese. One major feature of Oaxacan cuisine is its seven moles, second only to mole poblano in importance. The seven are Negro (black), Amarillo (yellow), Coloradito (little red), Mancha Manteles (table cloth stainer), Chichilo (smoky stew), Rojo (red), and Verde (green).Corn is the staple food in the region. Tortillas are called blandas and part of every meal. Corn is also used to make empanadas, tamales and more. Black beans are favored, often served in soup and as a sauce for enfrijoladas. Oaxaca’s regional chili peppers include pasillaoaxaqueña (red, hot and smoky), along with amarillos (yellow), chilhuacles, chilcostles and costeños. These, along with herbs such as hojasanta, give the food its unique taste. Another important aspect to Oaxacan cuisine is chocolate, generally consumed as a beverage. It is frequently hand ground and combined with almonds, cinnamon and other ingredients.

YUCATAN

In the Yucatán, a unique, natural sweetness (instead of spiciness) exists in the widely used local produce along with significant use of achiote seasoning. The food of the Yucatán peninsula is distinct from the rest of the country. It is based primarily on Mayan food with influences from the Caribbean, central Mexico, European (especially French) and Middle Eastern cultures. As in other areas of Mexico, corn is the basic staple, as both a liquid and a solid food. One common way of consuming corn, especially by the poor, is a thin drink or gruel of white corn called by such names as pozol or Keyem. One of the main spices in the region is the annatto seed, called achiote in Spanish. It gives food a reddish color and a slightly peppery smell with a hint of nutmeg. Recados are a seasoning paste based on achiote and used on chicken and pork. Recadorojo is used for the area’s best-known dish, cochinitapibil. Pibil refers to the cooking method (from the mayan word p'ib, meaning "buried") in which foods are wrapped, generally in banana leaves, and cooked in a pit oven. Various meats are cooked this way. Habanero chilis are another distinctive ingredient, but they are generally served as (or part of) condiments on the side rather than integrated into the dishes.

One prominent feature of Yucatán cooking is tropical fruits such as tamarind, plums, mamey, avocados and bitter oranges, the last often used in the region's distinctive salsas. Honey was used long before the arrival of the Spanish to sweeten foods and to make a ritual alcoholic drink called balché. Today a honey liquor called xtabentun is still made and consumed in the region. The coastal areas feature seafood, especially esmedregal, a type of fish, which is fried and served with a spicy salsa based on the x'catic pepper. Other fish dishes include spicy chili pepper sauces as well as those in achiote paste .

MEXICO CITY

The main feature of Mexico City cooking is that it has been influenced that those of the other regions of Mexico as well as a number of foreign influences.This is because Mexico City has been a center for migration of people from all over Mexico since pre-Hispanic times. Many of the ingredients of this area’s cooking are not grown here, such as tropical fruits.

Street cuisine is very popular, with taco stands, torta (sandwich) shops, and lunch counters on every street. Popular foods in the city include barbacoa (a specialty of the central highlands), birria (from western Mexico), cabrito (from the north), carnitas (originally from Michoacán), moles (from Puebla and central Mexico), tacos with many different fillings and large sub-like sandwiches called tortas. There are eateries that specialize in pre-Hispanic food including dishes with insects. This is also the area where most of Mexico’s haute cuisine can be found.

WESTERN MEXICO

West of Mexico City are the states of Michoacán, Jalisco and Colima as well as the Pacific coast. The cuisine of Michoacan is based on the Purepecha culture, which still dominates most of the state. The area has a large network of rivers and lakes which provide fish. Its use of corn is perhaps the most varied. While atole is drunk in most parts of Mexico, it is made with more different flavors in Michoacán, including blackberry, cascabel chili and more. Tamales come in different shapes, wrapped in corn husks. These include those folded into polyhedrons called corundas and can vary in name if the filling is different. In the Bajío area, tamales are often served with a meat stew called churipo, which is flavored with cactus fruit.

The main Spanish contributions to Michoacán cuisine are rice, pork and spices. One of the best-known dishes from the state is morisquesta, which is a sausage and rice dish, closely followed by carnitas, which is deep-fried pork. The latter can be found in many parts of Mexico, often claimed to be authentically Michoacán. The town of Cotija has a cheese named after it.

The cuisine of the states of Jalisco and Colima is noted for dishes such as birria, chilayo, menudo and pork dishes.Jalisco’s cuisine is known for tequila with the liquor produced only in certain areas allowed to use the name. The cultural and gastronomic center of the area is Guadalajara, an area where both agriculture and cattle raising have thrived. The best-known dish from the area is birria, a stew of beef, mutton or pork with chili peppers and spices. One important street food is tortasahogadas, where the torta(sandwich) is “drowned” in a chile sauce. Near Guadalajara is the town of Tonalá, known for its pozole, a hominy stew said to have been originally created with human flesh. The area which makes tequila surrounds the city.

On the Pacific coast seafood is common, generally cooked with European spices along with chili peppers, and is often served with a spicy salsa. Favored fish varieties include marlin, swordfish, snapper, tuna, shrimp and octopus.

VERACRUZ

The cuisine of Veracruz is a mix of indigenous, Afro-Cuban and Spanish. The indigenous contribution is in the use of corn as a staple as well as vanilla (native to the state), and herbs called acuyo and hojasanta. It is also supplemented by a wide variety of tropical fruits such as papaya, mamey and zapote along with the introduction of citrus and pineapple by the Spanish. The Spanish also introduced European herbs such as parsley, thyme, marjoram, bay laurel, cilantro and others which characterize much of the state’s cooking. They are found in the best known dish of the region Huachinango a la veracruzana, a red snapper dish.

The Afro-Cuban influence is from the importation of slaves through the Caribbean, who brought the peanut with them, which had earlier been introduced to Africa by the Portuguese. African ingredients often found in the state include plantains, yucca and sweet potatoes. As it borders the Gulf coast, seafood figures prominently in most of the state. The state’s role as a gateway to Mexico has meant that the dietary staple of corn is less evident than in other parts of Mexico, with rice a heavy favorite.

CHIAPAS

Like elsewhere in Mexico, corn is the dietary staple and indigenous elements are still strong in the cuisine. Along with a chili pepper called simojovel, used nowhere else in the country, the cuisine is also distinguished by the use of herbs such as chipilín and hierbasanta. Like in Oaxaca, tamales are usually wrapped in banana leaves (or sometimes with the leaves of hojasanta), but often chipilín is incorporated into the dough. As in the Yucatán, fermented corn is drunk as a beverage called pozol, but here it is usually flavored with chocolate. The favored meats are beef, pork and chicken (introduced by the Spanish), especially in the highlands, which favors the raising of livestock.

Street cuisine

Mexican street food is one of the most varied parts of the cuisine. It can include tacos, quesadillas, pambazos, tamales, huaraches, alambres and food not suitable to cook at home including barbacoa, carnitas and, since many homes in Mexico do not have ovens, roasted chicken.One attraction of street food in Mexico is the satisfaction of hunger or craving without all the social and emotional connotation of eating at home, although longtime customers can have something of a friendship/familial relationship with a chosen vendor.

The best known of Mexico’s street foods is the taco, whose origin is based on the pre-Hispanic custom of picking up other foods with tortillas as utensils were not used.The origin of the word is in dispute, with some saying it is derived from Nahuatl and others from various Spanish phrases.Tacos are not eaten as the main meal; they are generally eaten before midday or late in the evening. Just about any other foodstuff can be wrapped in a tortilla and in Mexico it varies from rice, to meat (plain or in sauce) to vegetables and cheese. Preferred fillings vary from place to place with pork generally found more often in the center and south, beef in the north, seafood along the coasts and chicken in most of the country.

Another popular street food, especially in Mexico City and the surrounding area is the torta. It consists of a roll of some type, stuffed with several ingredients. This has its origins in the 19th century, when the French introduced a number of new kinds of bread. The torta began by splitting the roll and adding beans. Today, refried beans can be still be found on many kinds of tortas. In Mexico City, the most common roll used for tortas is called telera, a relatively flat roll with two splits on the upper surface. In Puebla, the preferred bread is called a cemita, as is the sandwich. In both areas, the bread is stuffed with various fillings, especially if it is a hot sandwich, with beans, cream (mayonnaise is rare) and some kind of hot chili pepper.

In the 20th century, US influence has been strong. One example of this is the appearance of the hot dog, but prepared Mexican style. They are usually boiled then wrapped in bacon and fried. They are served in the usual bun, but the condiments are usually some combination of tomatoes, onions and chili peppers.

MODERN CUISINE

*** Multiple Sources - Wikipedia

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diannevail31648-blog · 6 years

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New Employee. Sections 28.

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jamesyates2-blog · 4 years

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Culture

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https://ecadimi.com/downloads/culture

Chapter 2. Culture

Multiple Choice

Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.

____ 1. Which of the following is not a function of culture?

Guides the way we communicate

Determines our selection of health-care options

Determines what we can achieve

Guides our interpretation of illness

____ 2. The purpose of transcultural nursing is to:

Decrease the need for hospitalization

Promote patient satisfaction

Increase home-care effectiveness

Promote dependency

____ 3. The way we view social concerns and problems in the culture is termed cultural:

Beliefs

Values

Clarification

Sensitivity

____ 4. The way we greet each other within a culture is an example of:

Folkways

Laws

Sanctions

____ 5. Race categorizes the person by:

Religion

Physical characteristics

Disease susceptibility

Financial status

____ 6. The theory that there are no pure races is based on (the):

Discovery of blood transfusion

Common blood groups

Contamination

Migration

____ 7. Learning about the patient’s ancestry is termed cultural:

Awareness

Sensitivity

Diversity

____ 8. The health-care worker who believes that his or her values and ways of life are superior to those of the patient is practicing:

Ethnocentrism

Cultural awareness

Cultural sensitivity

Cultural mores

____ 9. When a person migrates to another country and takes on the practices of the dominant culture, this is considered:

Assimilation

Individualism

Paternalism

Ethnocentrism

____ 10. A 60-year-old Hispanic patient is admitted to the hospital. When caring for this patient, you would be sensitive to his belief of:

Ramadan

Hot and cold

Fasting

Paganism

____ 11. Which of the following cultural groups prefer same-sex health-care providers?

Hispanics

African Americans

Asians

Arabs

____ 12. Downcast eyes during communication are a sign of respect in which of the following cultural groups?

Asians

European Americans

Native Americans

Pacific Islanders

____ 13. A 70-year-old patient admitted to the nursing home speaks with a distinct accent. To determine his cultural or ethnic origin, you would:

Assume this based on his accent

Assume this based on his name

Assume this based on his religion

Ask him directly

____ 14. In caring for patients from different cultures, the nurse must understand that culture is:

Our learned pattern of behavior

The motivating principle behind all our thinking

Less dominant as we age

Irrelevant in planning a person’s health needs

____ 15. Failure to understand and develop cultural awareness may lead to:

A misperception of a person’s feelings and responses

Culturally congruent care

Effective cultural communication

Adaptation of a new culture

____ 16. Deeply embedded feelings that help individuals determine what is good or bad and right or wrong are referred to as:

Norms

Folkways

Values

____ 17. Differences in skin color, as seen in different races, are thought to be the result of differences in:

Climate and skin pigmentation

Diet and genetics

Exercise and skin pigmentation

Gender and genetics

____ 18. The best time to introduce racial and ethnic tolerance is at:

Adulthood

Adolescence

Early childhood

Middle age

____ 19. Mrs. Gonzolas is 10 weeks pregnant, and she tells the nurse that she has not had a visit to a medical doctor. She explains that her people prefer to use a partera for pregnancy and delivery. Which of the following responses is most culturally sensitive?

“You should have more confidence in our physicians on staff.”

“I would strongly suggest that you consider using a medical doctor who has specialized in pregnancy.”

“It is your decision, and please let me know if there is anything I can do to assist you.”

“The maternal and infant mortality rates are lower in the United States compared to other countries that do not use trained medical doctors.”

____ 20. The nurse notices that a Jewish patient on her unit is in his room lighting a Shabbat candle on Friday night. The culturally sensitive response by the nurse would be:

“You are not permitted to have lit candles in this facility.”

“The fire code prohibits anyone from doing this in his or her room.”

“Didn’t you realize that you could cause a serious fire in the facility?”

“Let me find out if you can light this candle in the chapel downstairs.”

____ 21. The cultural group that tries to avoid direct eye contact with elders is:

Arab

Asian

Native American

European

____ 22. A young, Jewish male is hospitalized following an auto accident. He sustained multiple fractures and bruises. One evening, the caregiver notes that he has not eaten his dinner meal of roast pork, vegetables, a roll and butter, salad, and milk. Which of the following statements is most appropriate?

“I guess you don’t like this meal.”

“You need to eat your meat and drink the milk. The proteins will help you heal.”

“It must be difficult to be in the hospital and away from family and friends.”

“Do you follow Kosher dietary laws? If so, I will let the dietician know your special needs.”

____ 23. You would expect a female from which of the following cultures listed below to be more comfortable having a female physician examine her?

Asian

Japanese

Arab

Latin American

____ 24. When caring for a patient from a different culture, the health-care worker should respect the fact that:

An individual’s decisions are always determined by his or her culture.

Culture totally defines one’s health-care needs.

Food habits are always controlled by culture.

Male and female roles are often influenced by culture.

____ 25. The theory of transcultural nursing was proposed by:

Jean Watson

Abraham Maslow

Jean Piaget

Madeline Lenninger

____ 26. Hispanic American culture is derived from which of the following groups of people?

Central American

Native American

Indian American

Chinese American

____ 27. In which culture is talking loudly considered disrespectful?

Central American

Native American

Indian American

Chinese American

____ 28. An example of cultural-specific care is evidenced when the nurse recognizes that the Orthodox Jewish client needs:

Time to light candles on the Sabbath

To be assimilated into the melting pot

Evidenced-based information

Partnering with caregivers of similar beliefs

____ 29. A client refuses to have any chemotherapy to treat his confirmed malignancy. He tells the nurse that his family is bringing him some herbal potion that is used back in his country. He is convinced that this will cure him. The nurse’s best response is:

“This is the 21st century; we have better medicines here.”

“Do you really want to die?”

“Can you describe what this potion is made of?”

“I doubt that some old remedy can really heal you.”

____ 30. The nurse understands that cultural values and practices:

Changes as the individual ages

Never change over time

Are inherited, genetic characteristics

Are passed down through generations

____ 31. The key to understanding how a client responds to illness is to understand his or her:

Birth order

Response to stress

Culture

Response to aging

____ 32. Learning one’s culture through observation or instructions from elders within the culture is called:

Diffusion

Acculturation

Enculturation

Globalization

____ 33. An individual is able to learn about the culture he or she is born into because humans have the ability to think:

Constructively

Reflectively

Individually

Symbolically

____ 34. Which of the following is a similarity found in all cultures?

Political organization

Health practices

Social controls

Family size

____ 35. The nurse would expect that the greatest amount of change seen within a culture is the result of:

Borrowed cultural practice

War

Peace

Famine

____ 36. The most important symbol in a culture is:

Language

Art

Food

Dress

____ 37. Which of the following gives a culture stability and security over time?

Learned behavior

Integrated social patterns

Shared traditions

Adaptation

____ 38. The ability to learn a language is based on a person’s:

Culture

Biological makeup

Socialization

Religious practice

____ 39. Cultural competence requires that the health-care worker: (Select all that apply.)

Learn about diverse cultures

Take on and practice the client’s culture

Be critical of all aspects of minority cultural groups

Engage in continuous self-evaluation

____ 40. When teaching a new Hispanic mother how to change the diaper of and provide skin care to her newborn, the nurse finds a copper coin placed on the umbilicus. Which of the following should the nurse do next?

Remove the coin and remain silent.

Leave the coin in place and remove it in the nursery.

Ask the mother about the meaning of the coin on the umbilicus.

Tell the mother that her baby can develop a serious infection from a dirty copper coin.

True/False

Indicate whether the statement is true or false.

____ 1. Gender roles remain constant across all cultures.

____ 2. Pain has both personal and cultural meanings and expressions.

____ 3. Religion and culture are the same.

____ 4. The nurse teaches health-care workers to be careful not to become ethnocentric.

Chapter 2. Culture

Answer Section

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. ANS: C

Individual achievement is based on many factors—culture being just one of them.

PTS: 1

KEY: Integrated Processes: Nursing Process: Assessment | Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity

1. ANS: B

Transcultural nursing reaches globally, in that it promotes the concept of “one world, many cultures.”

PTS: 1

KEY: Integrated Processes: Nursing Process: Planning | Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity

1. ANS: D

To correctly view social concerns, one must be sensitive to the cultural dynamics of the people.

PTS: 1

KEY: Integrated Processes: Nursing Process: Planning | Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity

1. ANS: A

Different cultures use different methods to greet one another. These methods are called folkways.

PTS: 1

KEY: Integrated Processes: Nursing Process: Implementation | Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity

1. ANS: B

There are some distinctive physical characteristics common to each race.

PTS: 1

KEY: Client Needs: Physiological Integrity | Integrated Processes: Nursing Process: Assessment

1. ANS: D

Inbreeding and migration are thought to have eliminated anything such as a pure race.

PTS: 1

KEY: Integrated Processes: Nursing Process: Planning | Client Needs: Physiological Integrity

1. ANS: A

Cultural awareness refers to becoming familiar with another person’s ancestry and history. This helps one understand, not offend, another individual.

PTS: 1

KEY: Integrated Processes: Nursing Process: Planning | Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity

1. ANS: A

Tolerance and understanding of someone’s culture and practice avoid ethnocentrism.

PTS: 1

KEY: Integrated Processes: Nursing Process: Implementation | Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity

1. ANS: A

Assimilation is the practice of adopting new cultural practices common to other cultures.

PTS: 1

KEY: Integrated Processes: Nursing Process: Planning | Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity

1. ANS: B

Many Hispanics believe that illness is caused by an imbalance of hot and cold in the body.

PTS: 1

KEY: Integrated Processes: Nursing Process: Implementation | Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity

1. ANS: D

Many Arab patients prefer same-sex health-care providers. The preference is related to their modesty and religious beliefs.

PTS: 1

KEY: Integrated Processes: Nursing Process: Planning | Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity

1. ANS: A

Respect is a key component in the Asian culture, and it can be shown by not looking directly into another person’s eyes.

PTS: 1

KEY: Integrated Processes: Nursing Process: Assessment | Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity

1. ANS: D

To be sure of a person’s cultural background, one should ask and not assume.

PTS: 1

KEY: Integrated Processes: Nursing Process: Implementation | Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity

1. ANS: A

Understanding different cultures helps the health-care worker better understand how the patient views health and illness.

PTS: 1

KEY: Integrated Processes: Nursing Process: Implementation | Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity

1. ANS: A

The lack of cultural awareness may result in a misunderstanding of a patient’s feelings and responses.

PTS: 1

KEY: Integrated Processes: Nursing Process: Implementation | Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity

1. ANS: D

Values are deeply embedded feelings that form the foundation and direction for one’s actions and feelings.

PTS: 1

KEY: Integrated Processes: Nursing Process: Assessment | Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity

1. ANS: A

Theorists ascribe differences in skin color to adaptation to physical elements, such as climate, which increases skin pigmentation.

PTS: 1

KEY: Integrated Processes: Nursing Process: Assessment | Client Needs: Physiological Integrity

1. ANS: C

To foster racial and ethnic tolerance, prejudice education should be introduced at an early age.

PTS: 1

KEY: Integrated Processes: Nursing Process: Planning | Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity

1. ANS: C

The nurse is correct to support the decision of the patient.

PTS: 1

KEY: Integrated Processes: Nursing Process: Implementation | Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance

1. ANS: D

The nurse tries to support the needs and practices of her patient.

PTS: 1

KEY: Integrated Processes: Nursing Process: Implementation | Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity

1. ANS: B

Asians consider direct eye contact with their elders as a disrespectful action.

PTS: 1

KEY: Integrated Processes: Nursing Process: Planning | Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity

1. ANS: D

It is important to determine and support the special cultural needs of all persons.

PTS: 1

KEY: Integrated Processes: Nursing Process: Planning | Client Needs: Physiological Integrity

1. ANS: C

Modesty and certain beliefs would make a female physician preferred for a female Arab patient.

PTS: 1

KEY: Integrated Processes: Nursing Process: Planning | Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity

1. ANS: D

Male and female roles are influenced by cultural beliefs.

PTS: 1

KEY: Integrated Processes: Nursing Process: Assessment | Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance

1. ANS: D

Madeline Lenninger was credited with the theory of transcultural nursing.

PTS: 1

KEY: Integrated Processes: Nursing Process: Assessment | Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance

1. ANS: A

Hispanic Americans are a diverse group made up of several groups, including Puerto Rican, Mexican, and Central American people.

PTS: 1

KEY: Integrated Processes: Nursing Process: Assessment | Client Needs: Physiological Integrity

1. ANS: B

Loud talking is considered rude by Native Americans.

PTS: 1

KEY: Integrated Processes: Nursing Process: Planning | Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity

1. ANS: A

Lighting candles on the Sabbath is a cultural-specific need of Orthodox Jews.

PTS: 1

KEY: Integrated Processes: Nursing Process: Planning | Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity

1. ANS: C

Caregivers must take into account a client’s specific cultural remedies.

PTS: 1

KEY: Integrated Processes: Nursing Process: Implementation | Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity

1. ANS: D

Cultural values and practices are learned and passed down through generations.

PTS: 1

KEY: Client Needs: Psychological Integrity | Integrated Processes: Nursing Process: Assessment

1. ANS: C

The key to understanding how a client will respond to illness and the sick role is learned within their cultural group.

PTS: 1

KEY: Client Needs: Psychological Integrity | Integrated Processes: Nursing Process: Assessment

1. ANS: C

The process of learning one’s culture from elders in the culture by instruction or observation is called enculturation.

PTS: 1

KEY: Client Needs: Psychological Integrity | Integrated Processes: Nursing Process: Assessment

1. ANS: D

Humans, unlike animals, learn their culture because of their ability to think symbolically, meaning that humans have the ability to think of a tree even when it is not visible.

PTS: 1

KEY: Client Needs: Psychological Integrity | Integrated Processes: Nursing Process: Planning

1. ANS: C

All cultures are similar in establishing social controls within the family unit.

PTS: 1

KEY: Client Needs: Psychological Integrity | Integrated Processes: Nursing Process: Assessment

1. ANS: A

The greatest amount of change in a culture occurs when cultural traits are borrowed from another culture.

PTS: 1

KEY: Client Needs: Psychological Integrity | Integrated Processes: Nursing Process: Assessment

1. ANS: A

A culture has many symbols, but the most important one is language. Culture is stored and transmitted through language.

PTS: 1

KEY: Client Needs: Psychological Integrity | Integrated Processes: Nursing Process: Assessment

1. ANS: C

Shared traditions lend security and stability to a culture.

PTS: 1

KEY: Client Needs: Psychological Integrity | Integrated Processes: Nursing Process: Assessment

1. ANS: B

The ability to speak a language is based on learning within the culture, but learning a language is based on the biological makeup or intellect.

PTS: 1

KEY: Client Needs: Psychological Integrity | Integrated Processes: Nursing Process: Assessment

1. ANS: A

To be culturally competent, the nurse must learn about the client’s culture and engage in continuous self-evaluation in order to be nonjudgmental.

PTS: 1

KEY: Client Needs: Psychological Integrity | Integrated Processes: Nursing Process: Planning

1. ANS: C

Cultural values and practice are learned and have meaning for the individual that is passed down through generations; therefore, there is a meaning in every action. The nurse’s first action is to learn why. The coin can be cleaned later.

PTS: 1

KEY: Client Needs: Psychological Integrity | Integrated Processes: Nursing Process: Implementation

TRUE/FALSE

1. ANS: F

Different cultures have different gender roles.

PTS: 1

KEY: Integrated Processes: Nursing Process: Planning | Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity

1. ANS: T

Each person should be evaluated for his or her response and expression to pain, as it will vary with individuals and cultural background.

PTS: 1

KEY: Integrated Processes: Nursing Process: Planning | Client Needs: Physiological Integrity

1. ANS: F

Religion is a specific system of beliefs and worship, whereas culture is learned patterns of behavior related to past generations.

PTS: 1 KEY: Integrated Processes: Nursing Process: Assessment | Client Needs: Evaluation

1. ANS: T

Health-care workers should not become ethnocentric and believe that their culture and values are superior to others.

PTS: 1

KEY: Integrated Processes: Nursing Process: Implementation | Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity

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#Culture

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cfotofan · 5 years

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Text credits: https://www.festivaldevidaymuerte.com/en/day-of-the-dead/?langRedirect=1

What is the Day of the Dead? The Day of the Dead tradition emerged during the Colonial era due to the religious syncretism in the New Spain Viceroyalty. It has roots in the pre-Hispanic times where the cult to dead was part of the daily life. On November 1st is the All Saints’ festivity according to Catholic tradition and when we remember those who had passed away being children, or without becoming saints. Also, for the Catholic religion, the All Souls’ Day takes place on November 2nd, when people pray for everyone who has not to enter paradise yet. This Mexican tradition includes a visit to the cemeteries where the remains rest and setting altars with food, candles, incense, photographs, and flowers to remember them. Only during these days every year, the souls of our beloved ones can come back to Earth to be close to their relatives

What can we find on an altar during the Day of the Dead? An altar should have several objects, some of them almost mandatory in each one, and personal things from the people who have gone. Among the required elements in every altar, there are candles, salt, incense, sugar candy skulls, Pan de Muerto (Dead Bread), decorated paper, and marigold flowers. Also, it is common to cook the meals they liked while living, liquor or cigarettes, or even a toy or sweet if there was a child.

What is the goal of the Festival? The Festival of Life and Death Traditions aims its efforts to keep the ancestral Mexican traditions of the Day of the Dead, plus showing to the world the culture of our country. Through costumes and different contemporary artistic expressions, Xcaret contributes to preserving this proud tradition.

Text credits: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfe%C3%B1ique

An alfeñique is a confection molded from sugar paste. The design and construction of these figures can vary from region to region. Today, alfeñique figures, especially calaveras (known in the US as Sugar Skulls), are widely created in Mexico for the Day of the Dead celebrations in November. History Alfeñique are folk art objects made from a sugar paste, originating in Italy where figurines were made from sugar for religious decorations. They became popular in Spain, wherefrom they were eventually brought to Mexico with Catholicism, where they became a part of Day of the Dead celebrations, starting around the 17th or 18th century. Alfeñique, whose name is from Arabic was used to replace the Aztec tradition of making figurines of amaranth for altars. The Spanish conquistadors brought sugar cane, which became the main ingredient in the making of these figurines which continues to this day.During the colonial period, figures of sheep made with this were popular. Today, the main production center for alfenique figures are Toluca, San Miguel de Allende and Guanajuato. Today, the paste is used to form hundreds of types of shapes which include rabbits, lions, ducks, doves, cows, bulls, donkeys, pigs, frogs, horses, deer, angels, skulls and coffins. The art form has taken on more elaborate sculptures that involve more sophisticated and modern techniques that there are now encyclopedic volumes on how to create them for all different occasions, apart from Day of the Dead celebrations. There are regional fairs and events that celebrate this art form, including ones in Toluca, Mexico State and Guanajuato. Process The paste is prepared by mixing powdered sugar with chautle, a vegetable adhesive and lemon. Egg whites are beaten separately then folded into the sugar. Vegetable dyes are added for color. The unworked portion is covered with a damp cloth to keep it from hardening. Molds are prepared by carefully cleaning them, then dusting them with flour so the sugar mixture does not stick. The sugar paste is flattened into thin circles which are pressed into the molds, then left to dry for 24 hours. The two halves of the figure are then taken from the molds and joined together with more sugar paste, slightly thinned with water.

Español Créditos de este texto: https://www.festivaldevidaymuerte.com/es/dia-de-muertos/

¿QUÉ ES EL DÍA DE MUERTOS? La tradición del Día de Muertos surge como parte del sincretismo religioso, en la época colonial. Durante la etapa prehispánica, el culto a la muerte estuvo presente en distintas culturas a lo largo y ancho de México. El día 1° de noviembre, se celebra el Día de Todos los Santos de acuerdo a la tradición católica. En esta fecha se recuerdan a todos aquellos que murieron sin ser beatos y santos, además de quienes fallecieron a temprana edad como los niños. De acuerdo a la religión católica, el Día de los Fieles Difuntos que tiene lugar el 2 de noviembre, se realiza una oración por aquellos que no han accedido al paraíso. En México, las tradiciones de esta celebración incluyen visitar a los seres queridos que ya partieron en los cementerios y preparar altares con alimentos, veladoras, incienso, fotografías y flores para recordarlos. Es solo durante estos días que las almas de los seres queridos pueden volver del más allá para estar cerca de los suyos

¿QUÉ TIENE UN ALTAR DE MUERTOS? Un altar de muertos está conformado por una gran variedad de objetos, algunos tradicionales y otros personales para los difuntos. Entre los elementos necesarios están veladoras, inciensos, sal, calaveras de dulce, pan de muerto, papel picado y flores de cempasúchil. Además, se colocan objetos personales, comida que disfrutaba en vida, algún licor o cigarros y fotografías, o incluso algún juguete o dulce si se trata de un niño

¿CUÁL ES EL OBJETIVO DEL FESTIVAL? El Festival de Tradiciones de Vida y Muerte busca mantener vigentes las diversas tradiciones ancestrales del Día de Muertos de México, así como ser una ventana para mostrar al mundo la vasta cultura de nuestro país. A través de costumbres de antaño y distintas expresiones artísticas contemporáneas, se preserva esta tradición tan mexicana.

Créditos de este texto: https://morelianas.com/articulos/alfenique-dulces-tradiconales-dia-muertos/

Alfeñique es una palabra que provienen del idioma árabe, cuya primera etimología conocida se encuentra en la palabra sánscrita: phañita, que significa pasta de azúcar utilizada para elaborar dulces tradicionales. En México el alfeñique es un fenómeno sincrético, en el cual se funden costumbres y técnicas indígenas con las aportadas por los españoles durante la conquista, quienes heredaron partes de la cultura árabe. La tradición se remonta desde los aztecas, puesto que durante su imperio ya se hacían figuras para las ofrendas hechas de amaranto y otras pastas comestibles. Es costumbre su consumo en la celebración de Día de Muertos, el día 2 de noviembre, con las tradicionales calaveritas de azúcar. Los dulces más elaborados son pequeñas frutas y cráneos decorados con el nombre de personas difuntas, actualmente sus formas son calaveras, ataúdes, ángeles, animalitos y frutas. Los dulces tradicionales tienen origen en le tzompantli, un altar prehispánico. Y actualmente se acostumbre colocarlas en el Altar de Día de Muertos. En cada estado del País, el alfeñique se hace de distinta manera con un estilo propio de cada una de las regiones. Algunas entidades que acogieron esta forma gastronómica fueron el Estado de México, Guanajuato, Toluca, Puebla y actualmente Michoacán.

Feria de Alfeñique, Celaya Gto. México Text credits: What is the Day of the Dead? The Day of the Dead tradition emerged during the Colonial era due to the religious syncretism in the New Spain Viceroyalty.

#calaveras #candies #catrina #Celaya #day of the dead #dìa de muertos #dulces #Feria del Alfeñique

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rapmillionaire · 7 years

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cool and kind w/ a diamond mind

Alaikum asalaam 🌠🌅. It is of pleasantry that I challenge you intellectually, for this is what defines the mode of our existential chemical intertwinement. Fanciful and practical were blurred amongst one another, yes? Well good indeed, for I believe dreams may come true thus my aptness toward delusion. I once had a friend of African descent who told me, "king Suleiman, do you know the reason why women are placed among the children, beyond their care for them?" I replied, "why no, my friend, why?" He went on, "because women mentally are of a lower stature than man himself, and therefore are nearer the wavelength of naivety and ignorance akin to that of children, than men. The men talk business and politics while the women remain in the background amongst the young, left to do what they most aptly may - to care for the inferior ones". I thought how ridiculous, and sexist, and inaccurate. And yet so it is, we find oft times that the cultures whereupon Islam resides are left in the backward thinking times of indigenous-ness while the rest of mankind, of which many are less religious and spiritual, show improvement and innovation and progress and leading-edge growth. The reformation of the mind whilst keeping the principles of Islam in tact - that's the greatest jihad for each of us individually, and as an ummah. Where are the great artists who are Muslim? The cultural icons. Where are the great athletes who are Muslim and bring esteem to the young teenage boys and girls who look up to such athleticism. Where are even the lawyers and doctors and professors who seek to change the system toward the betterment of humanity rather than to maintain the legitimacy of the systemic quo that is doing the oppressing like a turnstile rotating in its positioning? You know, prescribe a drug to be taken off of a drug. Side with the accused for the sake of needed experience and monetary gain rather than because truth resides on his side. Last week i attended a speaking engagement at NYU, featuring a young NYU student body leader who shared with us his thoughts on 2 verses from the Qur'an which touch upon how Allah is the all-Knowing, All-seeing, as the Creator of both the Heavens of the Earth; how He has made us into tribes and nations and races so that we may get to know one another. One thing led to another and the featured guest speaker began telling us his story of a time he was in the Midwest, and on his way back to the airport to catch a flight to NYC. He ordered an Uber, whose driver happened to be an avid Trump supporter. The driver was curious and wanted to speak-on and debate why the Muslim brother was for Hilary and against Trump. One thing led to another and the Muslim brother found himself shot in the arm. No, just kidding. In fact, the Muslim brother stated he was not in the mood whatsoever to have a discussion with this Trump supporter. To him, the mere fact that this man was a supporter of Trump totally turned off the Muslim brother and eliminated the mutual interest and respect he had for the Midwestern man. To cut a long story short, at the end of the 3 hour ride en route the airport, the Uber driver was pleased to have met the Muslim brother and stated, if anybody ever injured his daughter, to tell him and he would bring a gun and shoot the man up who did that to his daughter. Quite dramatic indeed, but filial love and loyalty is the message, not the violence. The Muslim brother got scared and feared for his own well-being. With that said, the Muslim brother gave the Midwestern Trump supporter his phone number upon request, and yet blocked the man's phone number. So with no replies, how does the Trump man now feel of the way he was treated by the Muslim brother? What is there to be feared in getting to no another whose beliefs are different from our own. How extreme it was for Obama to pay Cuba a visit to resume talks with Castro during his tenure as President. How extreme it is for the Muslims to engage with the communities of the disenfranchised blacks, with the communities of the gays, with the Trump supporting community. If our own leaders fear interacting with the common folks of these community groups and belief systems, then what are the leaders doing for the people they lead; the rest of the Ummah followers? What sort of message and reality is this creating among the Arabs and Muslims themselves, a few of whom tend to be racist toward reverts, converts, African and Malaysian Muslims.. Nothing is to be feared. Only understood. If Allah is the creator of the Heavens and the Earth and all in between, what are we doing fearing Allah's Creations? To heed is wise. To respect takes knowing. To know takes courage. Knowing can only get understanding. We fear the other too much, more than the other fears us at times as proven in the story above. Who will bridge the gap, the Muslims or the other? If we are equipped with the great Message of Islam, one of excellence, courage, discipline, and duty, then why do we oft times conform to our most innate cultural biases and limited beliefs garnered out of a lack of study and understanding Islam for it's truest message, that Allah is the creator of all things, and none is to be feared but Him. The mere fact that varying tribes and nations have been created is testament to the differences of humankind; the Jews have the strength of teamwork and loyalty all of humanity would benefit to learn from. The Africans have a spirit all of the humanity may be of benefit to hearken. The Hispanics have the working efforts of ants. The Chinese contain order and discipline most wish they could possess an ounce of. The Arabs too have been blessed with resources and business wherewithal. The White man is unafraid to claim what he believes belongs to him via his will-power and visionary and worldly desires. We can all learn from the other, including man from woman, tolerant from the racist, constituent from the murderer, and so forth.

What level of Faith do you have? Does your faith sway from time to time, or are you 99% strong-held in the your firm faith in Allah as Him being the one who answers all prayers in it's just and due time.. I myself have gone through ups and downs, as we all have. I have not reached absoluteness yet. I pray when I feel the need for it's assistance. I do best when I am with God at each moment in my life and am living freely and am being myself effortlessly. Sometimes I require prayer, other times my life is the state of prayer itself. If that makes sense...

My vision career wise is to not have a career in the colloquial sense of the term. I will create a livelihood for myself independent of being hired or fired. I am self-sufficient and will continue to create such reality for myself iA. As I am already capable of doing it on a small scale, iA it will increase and grow evermore. My primary means of doing this is via my tennis business (intermediate stage), my writing business (amateur stage). I do work at times to make more money, but to be a dedicated 10-20 year worker doing a 8 hour shift each day, five days a week.I haven't found a job yet that I am happy doing in such a role. And I will not settle either. Hamduillah though, Allah is good and has blessed me. it just takes some patience and continuous perseverance and hard-work. I am of utmost faith that I will someday (within the next 5 years iA) be of a blessed state. I have various timelines of plans for action for how to make ends meet throughout my life and to garner the appropriated livelihood that is monetarily fruitful. One version of this plan has been to move overseas (to Egypt) in fact, to focus on my investment endeavors. to make such a move, i would first need to save up to $50,000 USD. Hamduillah that is possible. My most profitable business has been giving tennis lessons, subhanallah; and this is in NYC, which is not a tennis city (like California, Atlanta, Florida, etc.).. Thus, the trajectory of my life work is still in progress, however in due time (whether sooner than planned, or later), all connects based upon my own actions and free-will. I could easily give up and settle, but I won't because I know I will achieve what I desire most in my heart. bismillah .. As for my livelihood vision, i am a simple yet systematic, time-efficient and organized.. I do not need a nice expensive car, nor a big television set, nor game consoles or lavish furniture and paintings. I just need a laptop, a bed, some good books, internet connection, a pen, a notepad, my headphones, my microphone, my tennis racket(s) and tennis balls, a basketball, a soccer ball, some dumbbell weights + a portable pull-up bar called the flexrSport, some food (i cook these days but i usually prefer eating out as it's much faster for me- though it is healthier to cook albeit to cook a 30 minute meal and to eat it in less than 10 min -_- me no like ha), a car for expedient travel whence needed, some nice clothes that make me feel good when i wear them (collared shirts, jeans, khaki pants), a couple of pairs of shoes (black dress shoes / worker shoes, tennis shoes, sandals for the shower), some rubber-bands, some cash, a phone for communication, some paper towels, some organic soap - shampoo - tooth paste - deodorant, some hot sauce for the food, a couple of hats, a couple of mirrors, a couple of lights, and all of this in a nice little place that is near a mesjid iA, and if I have only $2Million, then i am willing to buy a home for a cost of up to $400,000 at most. iA then the other $1.6million would be divy'd up as I have planned already including to (pay zakat) $60k (Palestine kids|zaytuna school|mesjid built)... til then, i'll be renting and saving $ and reinvesting in myself.

October 14, 2017

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