#detect cycle in linked list

[queereads-bracket]

ANNOUNCEMENT: SO I MADE A STORYGRAPH CHALLENGE

~Behold, a link

How it works:

Step 1. Join the challenge (you will need a Storygraph account)

Step 2. Read one book that was submitted to each of the six tournaments (with bonus winners category) anytime between September 7th, 2024 and [TBD one year from whenever we finish the last bracket of this cycle]

How to choose/add your books:

Option 1. I already added All Of The Books (including sequels) to the categories. You can scroll through the list and click the little + button to use a book to complete a category

Good if you're a visual person! But unfortunately books are in No Logical Order, despite my best efforts. Apparently Storygraph scrambles orders, alas

Option 2. Use the “add a book” option to enter the name of a book (please verify that it was actually part of that bracket, either via this blog or the handy dandy spreadsheet)

Please do not add additional books that weren't in a tournament, so we can keep the prompt lists the same as the bracket submissions

Other deets:

If you read a book anytime from September 7, 2024 onwards, you may use it to complete that category (unfortunately it doesn't detect eligible reads automatically; you'll still have to select the book to count it). Sept 7 is the day I posted the first queer fantasy poll, so I'm letting you retroactively count any reads you've done since the start of this blog

If you select a book you read prior to September 7, 2024, it does not count towards completing the category—let's read new things!

You can also select a book(s) that you intend to read in the future to fulfill that category, and it'll mark the category complete once you mark the book read

Some books were submitted to multiple brackets. In the interest of a CHALLENGE and READING MORE, let's aim to use a different book to fulfill each category!

Historical fiction, books from history, and nonfiction are obviously blank right now because we don't have submissions yet. I'll add those myself later; in the meantime, you can get started on the other categories

I don't have any prizes if you complete the challenge, but I will clap for you and bake you cookies on the astral plane, and you can feel awesome and hopefully enriched for having read some cool new books!

[dinosaursonthetwinplanet]

Modern technology and dinosaur fossils

There isn't any credible scientific evidence that supports the mainstream mineralization theory but on the contrary modern technology proves that it can't happen the way the theory suggests. Modern technology, especially microscopy, has dramatically deepened our understanding of dinosaur fossils, revealing details that were unimaginable just a few decades ago. Here’s a concise overview of what microscopy and related tools have uncovered: 1. Discovery of Soft Tissues Using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scientists have found: • Blood vessel-like structures • Red blood cell-shaped objects • Bone cells (osteocytes) with preserved structures These were first reported in a T. rex femur by Dr. Mary Schweitzer in the early 2000s, challenging the idea that soft tissue couldn’t survive millions of years.

2. Protein and Molecular Structures Microscopy, combined with mass spectrometry and immunohistochemistry, has revealed: • Preserved collagen fibers, confirming a link between dinosaurs and birds. • Reactions with antibodies that only bind to certain proteins, suggesting that original molecules survived in some fossils.

3. Pigmentation and Feather Color With electron microscopes, researchers have identified melanosomes (pigment-containing structures) in fossilized feathers. These led to: • Reconstructions of actual feather colors in dinosaurs like Anchiornis and Microraptor (e.g., iridescent black, reddish tones).

4. Growth and Disease Evidence Bone cross-sections viewed under light and electron microscopes show: • Growth rings, like tree rings, indicating growth rates. • Signs of bone cancer, arthritis, and injuries helping us understand dinosaur health. 5. Cellular and Nanostructural Detail Advanced imaging reveals: • Nano-scale preservation of original tissue structure. • Differences between fossil material and possible contamination (ruling out modern biofilm or bacteria in some studies). In Summary: Microscopy and modern tech have turned dinosaur bones into biological time capsules, revealing: • Cellular structure • Protein preservation • Pigment patterns • Disease evidence This new level of insight has reshaped our view of dinosaurs not just as skeletons, but as once-living, dynamic creatures with feathers, color, disease, and growth cycles. Here’s a list of modern technologies that have been used to analyze and reveal new facts about dinosaur fossils especially those related to soft tissue, cellular structures, and ancient biology:

Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) • Produces high-resolution images of fossil surfaces. • Used to identify blood vessel-like structures, osteocytes, and melanosomes (pigment organelles).

Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) • Offers ultra-high magnification to see internal structures of cells and fibers. • Helped confirm collagen fibers and sub-cellular features in fossils.

Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) • Detects and sequences ancient proteins like collagen. • Confirmed molecular similarities between dinosaurs and birds.

Immunohistochemistry • Uses antibodies to test for specific proteins. • Proved some structures in fossils react like real biological tissue, not just mineralized look-alikes.

Synchrotron X-ray Imaging • High-energy, non-destructive imaging of fossil interiors. • Maps the chemical composition of fossils, including traces of blood, soft tissues, or pigments.

Raman Spectroscopy • Identifies molecular bonds and organic compounds. • Confirms presence of preserved proteins and pigments.

Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) • Detects organic molecules in fossils. • Supports claims of soft tissue preservation by matching spectral signatures of known proteins.

Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy • Produces 3D images of soft tissue structures inside fossils. • Used to observe elasticity and fine internal details of preserved vessels.

9. Micro-CT (Computed Tomography) Scanning • Creates detailed 3D models of fossil interiors. • Reveals hidden bone structures, growth rings, and sometimes trapped soft tissue.

Stable Isotope Analysis • Measures carbon, oxygen, and other isotopes. • Reveals insights about dinosaur diets, environments, and metabolism. These technologies are revolutionizing paleontology by uncovering molecular and cellular data that were never thought possible in such ancient remains. Here’s a summary with examples of specific dinosaur species where modern technology has revealed extraordinary fossil details:

Tyrannosaurus rex • Discovery: Soft tissue structures including blood vessels, osteocytes, and collagen fragments. • Technology used: Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), Immunohistochemistry. • Significance: First confirmed protein sequences from a dinosaur; supports a close evolutionary link to birds.

2. Anchiornis huxleyi • Discovery: Microscopic pigment structures called melanosomes in fossilized feathers. • Technology used: Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Synchrotron X-ray imaging. • Significance: Revealed feather colors — likely black, gray, and reddish hues — making it one of the first dinosaurs reconstructed with accurate coloration.

Brachylophosaurus canadensis (a hadrosaur) • Discovery: Preserved blood vessels, cells, and possible nuclei in bone tissue. • Technology used: Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy (CLSM), FTIR spectroscopy, SEM. • Significance: Demonstrated that even delicate cellular structures can persist under rare conditions.

Microraptor gui • Discovery: Feather structure and iridescent coloration patterns. • Technology used: Electron Microscopy, Melanosome analysis. • Significance: Showed it had shiny, bird-like plumage linking flight-related traits with non-avian dinosaurs. These breakthroughs have turned dinosaur bones into molecular time capsules, and they continue to reshape how we imagine these ancient creatures.

[fourormore]

[Image description: A polyam flag with the words “four or more fic-a-thon” on it. To the left of the infinity sign, there's a post-it that says "4 weeks to go". End description.]

THE FOUR OR MORE 2024 FICATHON HAS ONLY 4 WEEKS LEFT — Prompts by fandom

AO3 COLLECTION | SQUIDGEWORLD COLLECTION

Whether you've been itching to write something for that one prompt that you've been chewing on since day one or you're just hearing about this event and your curiosity has been piqued, this is your chance to see if someone has requested a fandom you're interested in. And if no one has requested your fandom, why not go ahead and leave a prompt. You never know who's watching.

Fandoms listed alphabetically with links to the respective prompts below the cut. Don't forget comments can have more than one prompt.

THIS LIST CONTAINS PROMPTS LEFT UNTIL SEPTEMBER 21st 1:30 pm GMT/UTC -4. Want to know if maybe someone has left more prompts after this? Check the main Ficathon post for more info.

A

A fandom you've never written before

Ace Attorney

Angel the series

Attack on Titan

B

Babylon 5

Buffyverse (Part 1)

Buffyverse (Part 2)

C

Chicago Fire

Chicago Med

D

Days of Our Lives

Doctor Who

Doom Patrol TV

F

Fate/Stay Night

Final Fantasy VII (Part 1)

Final Fantasy VII (Part 2)

Final Fantasy VIII

Fire Emblem: Three Houses

Friends

Full House

G

General Hospital

Grey's Anatomy (Part 1)

Grey's Anatomy (Part 2)

Grey's Anatomy (Part 3)

Gossip Girl

M

Monster Prom

P

Pretty Little Liars

Psych

S

Sabrina the Teenage Witch

Saved by the Bell

Sense8

Star Ocean 2

T

Teen Wolf

The Murderbot Diaries

The Scum Villain's Self-Saving System

Twisters (2024)

W

Warhammer 40000

Women's Murder Club

X

X-files

Y

Yu-Gi-Oh! VRAINS

Multiple fandoms or crossovers

A League of Nobleman, Tian Guan Ci Fu, The Scum Villain's Self-Saving System

Ace Attorney, Any fandom, Amphibia, Doctor Who, Dracula, The Owl House, Pokemon Horizons, Stardew Valley, The Great Ace Attorney, Star Trek AOS, Star Trek DS9, Star Trek Lower Decks, Star Trek TNG

Animator Vs. Animation, Any fandom, Deltarune, HfjONE, Omori, The Demon Headmaster (2019)

Angel the series, Buffy the vampire slayer (Part 1)

Angel the series, Buffy the vampire slayer (Part 2)

Any fandom, Angel the series, Buffy the vampire slayer

Any fandom, Charlie's Angels

Any fandom, Chicago Med

Any fandom, Danganronpa, Team Fortress 2

Any fandom, NU: carnival

Any fandom, Pitch Perfect

Any fandom, Love Between Fairy and Devil, Marvel, MDZS/The Untamed

Any PreCure Series, Delicious Party PreCure, Star Twinkle PreCure, Tropical Rouge PreCure

Beast Wars: Transformers, Detective Conan/Magic Kaito, Leverage, RWBY

Bridgerton (TV)/Much Ado About Nothing (Shakespeare or 1993 movie)

Caos, H2O, High School Musical: The Musical The Series, Outer Banks, Teen Wolf, The OC

Critical Role, Star Wars

Dead Boys Detective Agency, Julie and the Phantoms, Sense8, Star Trek Voyager, The Raven Cycle

Dishonored, Dragon Age

Final Fantasy VIII, MDZS, Teen Wolf, Voltron (2016)

General Hospital, MCU

Kamen Rider (various series), Ohsama Sentai King-Ohger, Samurai Sentai Shinkenger, Yu-Gi-Oh! 5D's, Yu-Gi-Oh! ARC-V, Yu-Gi-Oh! VRAINS

MDZS, Star Trek, The Scum Villain's Self-Saving System, Voltron (2016)

If you have any questions, don't hesitate to contact us.

[bylersboy]

intro post (finally)

ive debated making an intro post because first off ive been on tumblr for two years and I never got around to it and secondly I am really really horrible at talking about myself because what is to much info and what it to little info and the cycle continues but im giving it a shot because I feel like my mutuals have no idea who I am lmao

HAI my name is Charlie im 16 (18+ I dont mind if you follow me but please dont dm me thank you :]) I use jasper as an online name kind of (at this point its just reserved for my best friend ace but I dont mind if other people call me jasper since I still love the name)

my pronouns are he/him but im also perfectly comfortable with common neopronouns (it/its xey/xem) if you wanna get funky with it.

im a self diagnosed autistic and ARFID (if you dont know what that is its an eating disorder where certain factors make you avoidant and restrictive of the food you eat and it has nothing to do with physical appearance. for me its linked to my autistic sensory issues(ALSO OCD NOW?!!? WHAT THE FUCK?!!?)) I have depression and anxiety and the only reason I mention this is because I relate my mental health to my fav characters in tv shows and books and stuff so if you see me posting about them like everything is connected lol

(my a03 is ghostwithfeet if you want to see me be silly and project my weird life onto fictional characters (I am the most inconsistent updater in the world please expect nothing from me if you even ask about a project it will scare me and like I turtle I will crawl into my shell never to see the light of day again))

my interests really vary about current hyperfixations but heres the master list

current hyperfixs

stranger things specifically Byler but mostly mike wheeler (this has turned into a special interest(I DO NOT support Noah schnapp or another of the other cast members who are in support of the inhumane actions the Israel government are doing. I am pro saving innocent civilians. I know that this can be controversial to be such a big fan of this show and honestly I have a lot of complex feelings on the matter but im autistic as previously mentioned and its my special interest and It won't leave my brain even if im not directly interacting with the media so im gonna yap about it on my blog thank you.))

also just Finn wolf hard for some reason (check out his band the Aubreys its awesome. also check out a recent movie he was in called when you finished Saving the world. it means a lot to me)

donna tarts the goldfinch book

old special interests/hyperfixs

the percy Jackson universe specifically nico di Angelo

the IT universe specifically reddie and Beverly marsh but more leaning towards richie tozier (see what I mean with the Finn wolf hard thing)

dead boy detectives !!

doctor who (I haven't even finished David tenants doctor yet so please no spoilers)

Alice oseman content (never read loveless or iwbft but ive read all of her other stuff)

paper girls graphic novel

other interests

the good place tv show

Kathleen Glasgows book girl in pieces

the walking dead comics including the clementine spin off graphic novels

um yeah thats all I can think of for now

my fav musicians/bands

florence and the machine

indigo de Souza

Kevin Atwater

searows

daffo

leith ross

Lowkey ive also been fucking with Sabrina carpenter

the Aubreys

sadurn

the cranberries

soccer mommy

runo plum

nep

lala lala

hospital bracelet

Chappell roan

AURORA

Madilyn Mei!

(my music taste is all over the place and is also very seasonal and I have a bunch of underground artists I dont listen to but I am here to give good recs I promise my playlists are fire)

we've gotten to the part of the intro post where im wondering if this is way to much information so sorry if I overshared idk but hope we can be silly mutuals or friends if you want (never be scared to shoot the friendship shot I would love to yap with y'all)

also since this is taking over my other pinned post I just want to put this as an honorary spot and let everyone know that my old pinned post was a quote from radio silence and that Aled last is me and I am him and the February Friday plot line is actually me and it makes me sick how much I resonate with that book

[doyouknowthischaracter]

You've been asked before about 2 weeks ago, but I'm wondering if, with the new submissions, there's any new characters who've been sent in more than once (Hopefully by multiple people). Are there any who've been submitted more than twice now

For reference, I'm not going to list the ones that were repeated in previous submission batches, unless they show up again with the latest one, in which case they'll be added to the overall count. Previous list here if anyone's interested.

Let's see:

Ronan Lynch, The Raven Cycle x3

Monkey D. Luffy, One Piece x3

Sans, Undertale x3

Jessica Fletcher, Murder, She Wrote x3

Five Pebbles, Rain World x3

Crowley, Good Omens x3

Granny Weatherwax, Discworld x3

G'raha Tia, Final Fantasy XIV x3

Sam Vimes, Discworld x3

Haruhi Suzumiya, The Meloncholy of Haruhi Suzumiya x3

Murderbot, Murderbot Diaries x3

Captain Jack Harkness, Doctor Who / Torchwood x2

Data, Star Trek x2

Link, The Legend of Zelda x2

Tsukino Usagi, Sailor Moon x2

Eileen the Crow, Bloodborne x2

Zagreus, Hades x2

Olivia Dunham, Fringe x2

Jane Doe, Ride the Cyclone x2

Sylvain Jose Gautier, Fire Emblem: Three Houses x2

Mollymauk Tealeaf, Critical Role x2

Wallace Wells, Scott Pilgrim x2

Daan, Fear and Hunger: Termina x2

Alphinaud Leveilleur, Final Fantasy XIV x2

Nanami Kiryuu, Revolutionary Girl Utena x2

Gladion, Pokemon x2

Sylvanas Windrunner, World of Warcraft x2

Leo Fitz, Agents of Shield x2

Francis Crozier, The Terror x2

Maedhros, The Silmarillion x2

Vergil, Devil May Cry x2

Alex, Oxenfree x2

Tsume, Wolf's Rain x2

Niko, OneShot x2

Halt O'Carrick, Ranger's Apprentice x2

Dirk Gently, Dirk Gently's Holistic Detective Agency x2

Qifrey, Witch Hat Atelier x2

Schmendrick, The Last Unicorn x2

Pamitha Theyn, Pyre x2

Dracula, Dracula x2

Gideon Nav, The Locked Tomb x2

The Audio Tour Guide, The Mistholme Museum of Mystery, Morbidity, and Mortality x2

N, Pokemon x2

Ginko, Mushishi x2

Hawkeye Pierce, M*A*S*H x2

Merlin, BBC Merlin x2

Vislor Turlough, Doctor Who x2

Roronoa Zoro, One Piece x2

Ishigami Senku, Dr. Stone x2

The Little Prince, The Little Prince x2

Soren, Fire Emblem x2

Blindspot, Marvel Comics x2

Tahu, Bionicle x2

Luo Binghe, The Scum Villain's Self-Saving System x2

Hercule Poirot, books by Agatha Christie x2

Sakura Kinomoto, Cardcaptor Sakura x2

Beatrice, Umineko x2

Jerome Valeska, Gotham x2

Klaus Hargreeves, The Umbrella Academy x2

Abed Nadir, Community x2

Dick Grayson, DC Comics x2

Dante Sparda, Devil May Cry x2

Utena Tenjou, Revolutionary Girl Utena x2

Johan Liebert, Monster x2

Siffrin, In Stars and Time x2

Foo Fighters, JoJo's Bizarre Adventure x2

Snufkin, Moomins x2

Mae Borowski, Night in the Woods x2

Haruhi Fujioka, Ouran High School Host Club x2

Anders, Dragon Age x2

Wen Kexing, Faraway Wanderers x2

Hopefully, I didn't miss any! You'll see some of these sooner rather than later as they're already in the queue, and a couple have already been posted before.

[fandom-soda-writings]

Man, I'm writing in circles again so heres a list of my old and new WIPS, Let me know what is the most interesting the list and I'll work on it as my next project. Some of these are posted, others are not. I just need to work on something to keep the anxiety away.

Another Hero Of Courage: Shulk from Xenoblade Chronicles 1 joins the Chain (Linked Universe, Legend of Zelda).

A New Kind of Mystery: Shinichi (Detective Conan) Finds himself in Alola (Pokemon) without his memories, He joins Red (Pokemon) oh his adventure to recover them.

The Shadows That Follow Him: Emmet (Pokemon) finds himself turned into a mudkip, Eventually joins a Exploration Team and has to stop time from, well, Stopping.

Twin Bullets: Akai Shuuichi (Detective Conan) is affected by APTX-4869.

Pandora's Trick: Shinichi and Kaito end up in the body swap episode. Rewriting because I had no direction when I first started writing it.

Danny Phantom Borderlands AU: Danny grows up in a small abandonded mining town on Pandora, Finds out that welp, He's a siren somehow and has an adventure.

Amnesiac Shinichi: Shinichi (Detective conan) wakes up in the hospital with no memories besides that before he went to tropical land. :)

Modern LU hero: My attempt at writing a Modern Link, But attempting to place him at the end of the cycle.

DCMK Cybersleuth AU: I basically saw Digimon Cybersleuth and thought: Huh, What if this but Shinichi?

[aria-bun]

ONESHOT REQUESTS

I've been wanting to do this for quite a while, so here we go.

Drop a oneshot request in my ask box, and I'll write it!

Rules:

NO NSFW UNDER ANY CIRCUMSTANCE (i am a minor)

I may not do a ship due to me not shipping it, but i will dm you if this occurs

I may not get to it right away! Like i said, I'm a minor, so I have schoolwork and other things in life to do. I will get to it when i can

nothing minor x adult

Fandoms: (This is subject to change, and i may miss some, so feel free to ask about one that isn't on the list in case i just forgot to add it) Hazbin Hotel Stranger Things Stardew Valley Keeper of the Lost Cities Wings of Fire Six of Crows Once Upon A Time Lockwood and Co. (Only the show) Dead Boy Detectives The Sandman Aurora Rising/The Aurora Cycle The Riordanverse The Magnus Archives (This one is a bit weird in how i do it since I'm only on s2, but like you give me a name and a weird situation and i make a statement based on it) Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.

Spread!

@lilisouless @theevent-horizon @nine-is-not-a-ten @agentoffangirling @barrel-crow-n @19burstraat @my-castles-crumbling @randomfandom-3

Link to my old intro here

[bitfreak]

Most Asked Coding Questions in Placements

Getting ready for placements? Whether you're aiming for a service-based firm or a top-tier product company, you must brush up on your coding fundamentals and problem-solving skills. 🚀

Here are the go-to topics recruiters always test:

Arrays & Strings – Duplicates, palindromes, reversing arrays, maximum subarray sum.

Linked Lists – Reversing a list, detecting cycles, merging two sorted lists.

Sorting & Searching – Implementing sorting algorithms, using binary search creatively.

Recursion & Backtracking – Generating permutations/combinations, solving Sudoku.

Dynamic Programming – Longest Common Subsequence, Knapsack, and similar problems.

Trees & Graphs – Tree/graph traversals, finding shortest paths, DFS/BFS.

Stacks & Queues – Valid parentheses, implementing queues using stacks, and vice versa.

✨ Want a full list of the top coding questions companies love to ask? Check out this solid guide: Most Asked Coding Questions in Placements - https://prepinsta.com/interview-preparation/technical-interview-questions/most-asked-coding-questions-in-placements/

Level up your prep and go ace that interview. 💪💻

[govindhtech]

UNC5537: Extortion and Data Theft of Snowflake Customers

Targeting Snowflake Customer Instances for Extortion and Data Theft, UNC5537 Overview. Mandiant has discovered a threat campaign that targets Snowflake client database instances with the goal of extortion and data theft. This campaign has been discovered through Google incident response engagements and threat intelligence collections. The multi-Cloud data warehousing software Snowflake can store and analyze massive amounts of structured and unstructured data.

Mandiant is tracking UNC5537, a financially motivated threat actor that stole several Snowflake customer details. UNC5537 is using stolen customer credentials to methodically compromise Snowflake client instances, post victim data for sale on cybercrime forums, and attempt to blackmail many of the victims.

Snowflake instance According to Mandiant’s analysis, there is no proof that a breach in Snowflake’s enterprise environment led to unauthorized access to consumer accounts. Rather, Mandiant was able to link all of the campaign-related incidents to hacked client credentials.

Threat intelligence about database records that were later found to have come from a victim’s Snowflake instance was obtained by Mandiant in April 2024. After informing the victim, Mandiant was hired by the victim to look into a possible data theft affecting their Snowflake instance. Mandiant discovered during this investigation that a threat actor had gained access to the company’s Snowflake instance by using credentials that had previously been obtained through info stealer malware.

Using these credentials that were taken, the threat actor gained access to the customer’s Snowflake instance and eventually stole important information. The account did not have multi-factor authentication (MFA) activated at the time of the intrusion.

Following further intelligence that revealed a wider campaign aimed at more Snowflake customer instances, Mandiant notified Snowflake and potential victims via their Victim Notification Programme on May 22, 2024.

Snowflakes Mandiant and Snowflake have notified about 165 possibly vulnerable organizations thus far. To guarantee the security of their accounts and data, these customers have been in direct contact with Snowflake’s Customer Support. Together with collaborating with pertinent law enforcement organizations, Mandiant and Snowflake have been undertaking a cooperative investigation into this continuing threat campaign. Snowflake released comprehensive detection and hardening guidelines for Snowflake clients on May 30, 2024.

Campaign Synopsis According to Google Cloud current investigations, UNC5537 used stolen customer credentials to gain access to Snowflake client instances for several different organizations. The main source of these credentials was many info stealer malware campaigns that compromised systems controlled by people other than Snowflake.

As a result, a sizable amount of customer data was exported from the corresponding Snowflake customer instances, giving the threat actor access to the impacted customer accounts. Subsequently, the threat actor started personally extorting several of the victims and is aggressively trying to sell the stolen consumer data on forums frequented by cybercriminals.

Mandiant Mandiant discovered that most of the login credentials utilized by UNC5537 came from infostealer infections that occurred in the past, some of which were from 2020. Three main causes have contributed to the multiple successful compromises that UNC5537’s threat campaign has produced:

Since multi-factor authentication was not enabled on the affected accounts, successful authentication just needed a working login and password. The credentials found in the output of the infostealer virus were not cycled or updated, and in certain cases, they remained valid years after they were stolen. There were no network allow lists set up on the affected Snowflake client instances to restrict access to reliable sources. Infostealer Mandiant found that the first infostealer malware penetration happened on contractor computers that were also used for personal purposes, such as downloading pirated software and playing games. This observation was made during multiple investigations related to Snowflake.

Customers that hire contractors to help them with Snowflake may use unmonitored laptops or personal computers, which worsen this initial entry vector. These devices pose a serious concern because they are frequently used to access the systems of several different organizations. A single contractor’s laptop can enable threat actors to access numerous organizations if it is infected with infostealer malware, frequently with administrator- and IT-level access.

Identifying The native web-based user interface (SnowFlake UI, also known as SnowSight) and/or command-line interface (CLI) tool (SnowSQL) on Windows Server 2022 were frequently used to get initial access to Snowflake customer instances. Using an attacker-named utility called “rapeflake,” which Mandiant records as FROSTBITE, Mandiant discovered more access.

Mandiant believes FROSTBITE is used to conduct reconnaissance against target Snowflake instances, despite the fact that Mandiant has not yet retrieved a complete sample of FROSTBITE. Mandiant saw the use of FROSTBITE in both Java and.NET versions. The Snowflake.NET driver communicates with the.NET version. The Snowflake JDBC driver is interfaced with by the Java version.

SQL recon actions by FROSTBITE have been discovered, including a listing of users, current roles, IP addresses, session IDs, and names of organizations. Mandiant also saw UNC5537 connect to many Snowflake instances and conduct queries using DBeaver Ultimate, a publicly accessible database management tool.

Finish the mission Mandiant saw UNC5537 staging and exfiltrating data by continuously running identical SQL statements on many client Snowflake systems. The following instructions for data staging and exfiltration were noted.

Generate (TEMP|TEMPORARY) STAGE UNC5537 used the CREATE STAGE command to generate temporary stages for data staging. The data files that are loaded and unloaded into database tables are stored in tables called stages. When a stage is created and designated as temporary, it is removed after the conclusion of the creator’s active Snowflake session.

UNC5537 Credit Since May 2024, Mandiant has been monitoring UNC5537, a threat actor with financial motivations, as a separate cluster. UNC5537 often extorts people for financial benefit, having targeted hundreds of organizations globally. Under numerous aliases, UNC5537 participates in cybercrime forums and Telegram channels. Mandiant has recognized individuals who are linked to other monitored groups. Mandiant interacts with one member in Turkey and rates the composition of UNC5537 as having a moderate degree of confidence among its members who are located in North America.

In order to gain access to victim Snowflake instances, Attacker Infrastructure UNC5537 mostly leveraged Mullvad or Private Internet Access (PIA) VPN IP addresses. Mandiant saw that VPS servers from Moldovan supplier ALEXHOST SRL (AS200019) were used for data exfiltration. It was discovered that UNC5537 was storing stolen victim data on other foreign VPS providers in addition to the cloud storage provider MEGA.

Prospects and Significance The campaign launched by UNC5537 against Snowflake client instances is not the product of a highly advanced or unique method, instrument, or process. The extensive reach of this campaign is a result of both the expanding infostealer market and the passing up of chances to further secure credentials:

UNC5537 most likely obtained credentials for Snowflake victim instances by gaining access to several infostealer log sources. There’s also a thriving black market for infostealerry, with huge lists of credentials that have been stolen available for purchase and distribution both inside and outside the dark web.

Infostealers Multi-factor authentication was not necessary for the impacted customer instances, and in many cases, the credentials had not been changed in up to four years. Additionally, access to trusted locations was not restricted using network allow lists.

This ad draws attention to the ramifications of a large number of credentials floating throughout the infostealer market and can be a sign of a targeted attack by threat actors on related SaaS services. Mandiant predicts that UNC5337 will carry on with similar intrusion pattern, soon focusing on more SaaS systems.

This campaign’s wide-ranging effects highlight the pressing necessity for credential monitoring, the ubiquitous application of MFA and secure authentication, traffic restriction to approved sites for royal jewels, and alerts regarding unusual access attempts. See Snowflake’s Hardening Guide for additional suggestions on how to fortify Snowflake environments.

Read more on Govindhtech.com

[slugcatsafari]

can we obtain the link to the clangen

alas! if by 'the clangen' you mean the program i use as source material for the comics and as featured in the video walking through cycles 1-5, 1. it is not clangen and 2. it is not ready for the public just yet!

here are a number of hurdles:

i have never shared a program created by myself before; i quite simply do not understand yet some important fundamentals, such as how to ensure dependencies are installed, directories are correctly laid out, and most importantly i do not have the presence of mind to troubleshoot with the public currently- im in a bad (well, 5 year long) mental slump where i become wracked with terror upon getting (some) messages (er.. dont let that stop you from trying to message me! just understand i might not respond .. ever, unless !! you keep messaging me).

the program is lacking at the moment... there are 214 base events not counting branching paths and overwritten events depending on circumstances and 2 status effects but i still want waaay more. i also need to add status effects such as pregnancy and sickness, fill in events for enlightened slugcats, and im thinking of adding in a lizard member feature... i also would need to set up a settings page for some rudimentary things- maybe sliders for how much slugcats consume in a cycle, how much they might bring back in a hunt, if slugcats can have pups with members of the same sex (not possible atm), and a special feature to enable void slugcats thatll never die...

the program is buggy and unbalanced at the moment- im unsure exactly how to balance things such as food, damage, and population without intensive playtesting... i also just found out that my status detection method isnt working properly (thus, for example, grief never wears off or a pregnant slugcat would never give birth...)

relating to the mental slump listed in point 1 if anyone makes fun of my OBJECTIVELY BAD AND MESSY !!! coding i will ... cry. im just not a professional yet and im horrifically meek, without ensuring that the people who pry into (as i call it) rain game are doing so with good intentions im far too nervous..

or, erm... else:, in the case you meant clangen period regardless of slugcat influence- check, like... google. and i think the rain world skin was shared in the clangen discord which you can probably find off of .. google also maybe (unsure) (i think the skin is called like... raingen?).

[inastarlesssky]

About Me

Hi! Name's Ella. Pronouns are She/Her. You can call me Ella, Starless or Star. I'm 28, currently studying a difficult foreign language, writing fics in my free time and pining after fictional characters. I'm into more fandoms than are listed here, but these are mostly my main ones. Under the cut, because there's a lot.

(Basically the fandoms I'm a part of and my respective ships)

⚜ The Sandman ➵ Dream x Calliope (OTP, I love them, your honour.) ➵ Dream x Johanna Constantine (Doomed to fail but I just love the idea of them, alright. Let me.) ➵ Dream & Hob Gadling (Do I even need to say why I love them?) ⚜ Dead Boy Detectives ➵ Charles Rowland x Crystal Palace ➵ Charles Rowland x Edwin Payne ➵ Edwin Payne & Niko Sasaki ⚜ Doctor Who ➵ Ten x Rose ➵ Ten x Clara ➵ Eleven x Clara ➵ Twelve & Clara ⚜ Good Omens ➵ Crowley x Aziraphale ➵ Eric the Disposable Demon & Muriel (I don't really legit ship them, but come on, they'd be kinda cute) ⚜ Harry Potter ➵ Draco x Hermione ➵ Harry x Hermione ⚜ Marvel ⚜ Pirates of the Caribbean ➵ Will x Elizabeth ⚜ The Legendborn Cycle ➵ Selwyn Kane x Bree Matthews ⚜ Star Wars ➵ Anidala ➵ Reylo ➵ Oshamir

About Me

Firstly, if you're running a blog that's The Sandman, Good Omens, Dead Boy Detectives or The Umbrella Academy and you see among your followers but realize I don't really post any of that stuff, this is my main blog and where I can follow from. You'll see below but I do have seperate sideblogs for those fandoms and am posting stuff there for such content, so just to keep in mind. C: ❦ Tags & Their Uses ❦ It's pretty self-explanatory. Fanart, fic recs are what it says on the tin. I usually tag fandom specific with the particular fandom, so by topic, my tags are: Fandoms - (really it's mostly the Sandman here fyi) The Sandman - #the sandman netflix #the sandman Harry Potter - #dramione #harry potter (though I post about this very rarely now) Personal Stuff - me and life stuff, #my ramblings Art - #fanart (for art from shows, movies etc) #my art (MY art as you can see below)

❦ My Stuff ❦ Fanfiction: I'm an author, so I'll occasionally post links to my works here though I post firstly and primarily on AO3 which can be found here. I always tag my fics with #ella writes stuff and #my fic: [insert title of the fic here] so anything related to a particular fic can be found under that tag. You can also find a list of my current projects organized by in-progress and completed here organized by in-progress and completed. (But that particular spot needs to be updated bc it's been a hell of a long time since I updated it and things have changed since) Art: I use a pencil sometimes when I'm so inspired. I tag that with #ella draws stuff. Meta: I sometimes write this when I have strong emotions about things I've seen or have really big unanswered questions or wonder things. It'll be tagged mostly with #my ramblings and the respective fandom it pertains to, though you'll find it's mostly The Sandman right here. So until I find a better tag, #the sandman meta will be that for now.

❦ My Sideblogs ❦

Good Omens: ineffablenlghtingales

Dead Boy Detectives: ghost-husbands

Pirates of the Caribbean stuff: ofblacksmithsandswanns

The Umbrella Academy: snarkyfivehargeeves

The Legendborn Cycle (mostly stuff about Bree and Sel): kingsmageandlionheart

Star Wars (Mostly Skeleton Crew with stuff from the original movies and a bit of Reylo + Oshamir bc I've started shipping them since finishing The Acolyte): jedisandspacepirates

I do have discord! If we're mutuals, you can definitely ask for it via message. :]

Lastly (if you've come to this point, wow, you're amazing], I am not a minor and I do not take special care with the things I post here. That being said, I don't post much content that's explicitly adult, but if you are a minor, please be aware I am not.

Note: If you'd like to translate my work into another language, I think that's awesome and that would make me super happy, but please do ask first. C: There's currently a Russian translation of When the Day Loved the Night in progress, so I'll have a link to that on the original work on AO3

That's about it. Come say hi if you like, I'm into a lot more fandoms than the ones I've just listed, so if you're curious, ask.

By the way, my messages ARE open, but maybe just gimme a heads up or something or ask before if you wanna chat about any of these above fandoms. Sometimes I get random ass messages and I'm a little bit confused about them...you're welcome to! Don't be afraid, I love chatting about my fixations, just gimme a heads-up, eh? ^^

[mtf-agent-robin]

Hi, this is the slutty wizard council. we received a mysterious letter, had your name on it. Guess whoever sent it saw us interacting and figured we'd get it to you more securely than the mailfighter would?

Here's the contents:

TO WHOM IT MAY CONCERN

IT HAS COME TO THE ATTENTION OF OUR ORGANISATION THAT MULTIPLE RECENT EVENTS PREVIOUSLY KNOWN TO BE LINKED TO YGGDRASIL-SEVERANCE EVENTS ARE TIED TO ACTIONS PERFORMED BY YOU IN YOUR CAPACITY AS REPRESENTATIVE OF The SCP Foundation. AS UNIVERSE 8d57-fE2ξ-D (THE UNIVERSE YOUR ORGANISATION INHABITS) HAS DISPLAYED LIMITED MULTIVERSAL TRAVEL CAPABILITY PRIOR TO THE ORIGINAL INCIDENTS, IT IS BELIEVED THAT THE ACTIONS YOU PERFORMED ARE RECKLESS, THOUGH FURTHER REPERCUSSIONS SUCH AS YGGRASIL-SEVERANCE EVENTS HAVE NOT BEEN OBSERVED FROM YOUR CONTINUED BEHAVIOUR.

THIS CORRESPONDENCE IS THEREFORE CONSIDERED TO BE AN OFFICIAL WARNING. THROUGH UNKNOWN MEANS, YOU ARE DEVELOPING MULTIVERSAL AND/OR INTRA-UNIVERSAL FABRIC-PIERCING TRAVEL CAPABILITIES. FURTHER ACTIONS ON YOU OR YOUR ORGANISATION'S PART THAT CONTRIBUTE TO A YGGDRASIL-SEVERANCE EVENT WILL STILL RESULT IN ONE OR MORE OF THE SANCTIONS PREVIOUSLY MENTIONED, AND THEREAFTER LISTED:

OFFICIAL CENSURE OF UNIVERSE 8d57-fE2ξ-D AND ITS INHABITANTS AS WELL AS THE UNIVERSE YOU ARE CONDUCTING THESE RIFTS FROM, 8d57-fE2ξ-MAG

FINES UPWARDS OF Φ87,000,000.00 PER YGGDRASIL-SEVERANCE EVENT

MINIMUM IMPRISONMENT OF THREE THOUSAND (3,000) STELLAR CYCLES PER YGGDRASIL-SEVERANCE EVENT

INTERVENTION BY OUR ARMED FORCES

FORCED YGGDRASIL-SEVERANCE EVENT OF UNIVERSE 8d57-fE2ξ-D AND THE UNIVERSE YOU ARE CONDUCTING THESE RIFTS FROM, 8d57-fE2ξ-MAG

FOR YOUR CONVENIENCE, ATTACHED IS A LIST OF DATES AND TIMES WHEN RIFT EVENTS HAVE BEEN DETECTED. PLEASE BE SURE TO REFER TO THE LIST SO THAT YOU MAY IDENTIFY THE EVENTS.

WE THANK YOU FOR YOUR COOPERATION.

SIGNED,

Sigma-Xotoxin, OFFICE OF MULTIVERSAL INCIDENTS.

Look we're not about respecting most rules but we'd really like it if we weren't... severed. That doesn't sound very nice. Is this about your "punching holes in reality" thing? Please tell us that you know what you're doing.

Of course I know what I’m doing! You think I wasn’t trained on the dangers it could create! It’s base reality warping like all you wizards do. Im just a bit more direct about it.

[fromdevcom]

With theft being the most usual of activity when we talk about security, safeguarding our assets has become all the more of a priority in the 21st century. What has become even more of a dilemma is the need to safeguard technology with technology itself. Yes, this might sound like an amalgamation of a twisted story but this by far is the truth. With so many advancements every second, the world of internet and tech has become more prone to sabotage, making all vulnerable to many more dangers which they could likely face in contrast to what the situation was 2 decades okay.  When we talk about technology, we mostly refer to the online as well as the offline world of the internet; virtual you may call it. Everything has become linked and enormously attainable through the very network systems and bridges we make in order to protect us and our information in the very first place, making it a very vicious cycle running on its own when there is a breakthrough. To sum it up, technology is the victim, technology is the intruder and technology is the saviour. Interesting, isn’t it? It very most is. We refer to the world of technology as cyber space. With the ever growing importance of security needed for this cyber space, many organizations around the world have dedicated themselves to coming up with solutions to increased security against protecting people from cyber crimes. When cyber crime is escalating, so is the cyber security industry expanding. This is in retaliation to the rapidly developing need for computer security. When talking about estimated scores and according to Cybersecurity Ventures, the industry of Cyber Security is expected to grow from about $70 billion in 2014 to nearly an excess of $155 in 2019 which is great development. The companies which fall into the loop for Cyber Security are compiled in a very vast list. To begin with a few, below are the top 5 Cyber Security companies. FireEye Talking about FireEye, being highly applauded by Bloomberg TV, Wall Street Journal, BusinessWeek alongside many more, FireEye is a publically traded company. It has a market capital of around about $6.49 billion based on the New York Stock exchange. The unique aspect about FireEye is that it has invented a purpose built, virtual machine-based, security platform, which provides real-time threat protection to various enterprises and governments internationally against cyber attacks which has become something alarming in today’s world. Mentioning statistics, FireEye is host to 3,400 customers spread out in more than 67 countries around the world and is a client to 500 fortune companies. Lancope Lancope is an American privately owned company which was founded in 2000. Over the course of years, Lancope has managed to become one of the top cyber security companies. Lancope has been able to brand its name as “the leading provider of network visibility and security intelligence to defend enterprises against today’s top threats.” Lancope enables organisations to detect numerous and rather all kinds of cyber threats and enables an automated accelerated incident response through its various gadgets including its StealthWatch system. AlienVault Privately owned, AilenVault was founded in 2007 in California. It is marvellous to know that in such a short span of time, AlienVault has been able to come off as a promising company in order to reach the top 5 list of Cyber Security companies in the United States of America. The products which are produced by AlienVault as to fit and accommodate middle sized organisations. These middle sized organisations have requirements which range with having a single, effective guard against a variety of cyber threats. The management system introduced by AlienVault is by the name of “Unified Security Management” platform. This management system ensures that the security controls required are specifically designed to assist its cliental base with the benefits of Cyber Security from day as means of ensuring customer satisfaction of building their organisation.

AlienVault also most recently announcement of the beta release of the OTX 2.0 which is the open threat exchange. This OTX will allow the community of all OTX users to come together on one platform to discuss ideas, threats, and news. What really will happen through this is that there will be an open community thus knitted a bond between all the users and the organisation itself. Norse Norse is an organisation which was founded in 2010. Norse has indeed developed itself to become and be a part of the top cyber security companies in a live attack scenario of intelligence. They have dramatically improved their state and their “performance, catch-rate, and return on-investment of [a company’s] entire security infrastructure.” The innovative system introduced by Norse processes and provides more than hundreds of terabyte data against a seven petabyte attach history database. During this process, it was weighing over 1,500 variables in order to evaluate and take risks against real-time scores for the IP addresses and URL’s for its clients. This company has indeed marked its territory instilling itself in the industry of Cyber Security. There is a lack of real-time threat with an average of $10 million per year. The very essence of Norse is to take pre-emptive measures since when the minute something is compromised and measures are taken there and then, the damage has been reduced by 40% which is the very standing of Norse. Easy Solutions Easy Solutions is “the only security vendor focused on the comprehensive detection and prevention of electronic fraud across all devices, channels and clouds.” Easy Solutions has a cliental base which mostly consist of banks against activities such as stolen credit cards, insecure online portals, phishing, and fraud ever since its inception in 2007 in Florida, USA. Easy Solution is a privately held company which has statistics which boil to 60 million individuals and 220 major companies including institutions which comprise of its customers. Easy Solutions has been striving through the years in order to retain its name against the top notch cyber security systems. The writer is CEO and Co-founder of TecheRadar. He can be reached at smu@lhrtimes.com

[drshilpaagrawal]

When to Consult a Gynaecologist for Pregnancy

Why Early Consultation Matters

Seeing a gynaecologist at the right time can positively impact your chances of a healthy pregnancy. Whether you are planning, trying, or already expecting, a consultation helps you prepare your body and mind for this new stage.

Scientifically, a pre-pregnancy consultation also known as preconception counselling helps detect any risks that might affect fertility, maternal health, or foetal development. These risks may include undiagnosed conditions like thyroid imbalance, PCOS, anaemia, or infections.

When Should You Visit a Gynaecologist?

Here are common signs and situations where seeing a gynaecologist becomes important:

Missed Period or Positive Test

If you’ve missed your period and your pregnancy test is positive, it's time to book an appointment. A gynaecologist will confirm the pregnancy through blood tests and an ultrasound, helping you understand the gestation period.

Planning to Get Pregnant

Even before conceiving, it’s wise to meet a doctor. A pre-pregnancy consultation can help assess your health and give tips to increase the chances of a healthy pregnancy.

This is particularly important if you:

Are over the age of 30

Have irregular cycles

Have had previous miscarriages

Have lifestyle conditions like diabetes or thyroid disorders

First Trimester Check-up

The first 12 weeks of pregnancy are vital. If you're already pregnant, you should see a gynaecologist as early as possible during this time.

They will:

Run important blood and urine tests

Track foetal development through ultrasound

Guide you on nutrition and weight management

Choosing the Right Gynaecologist

If you're based in a large city like Mumbai, finding the right doctor may feel overwhelming. Here are tips to make the choice easier:

Ask for Experience in Maternity Care

Not all gynaecologists focus on pregnancy. Look for someone who specialises in obstetrics and has experience handling pregnancies, including those with complications.

Check Hospital Ties

Choose a doctor linked with a reputed maternity hospital. This makes delivery planning and emergency care much smoother.

Read Patient Feedbackdr

Search online reviews on healthcare platforms. For instance, Dr Shilpa is known for pregnancy care in Mumbai and has strong patient ratings. Such reviews help in understanding how comfortable patients feel during consultations.

What to Expect During Your First Visit

During your initial visit, your gynaecologist will typically:

Confirm the pregnancy using ultrasound

Ask about your medical and family history

Discuss lifestyle, diet, and necessary supplements

Recommend the next steps for scans and tests

It’s a good idea to list all your questions before the appointment, so nothing gets missed.

Tips for a Healthy Pregnancy Journey

Here are a few simple yet important steps you can follow right from the start:

Take folic acid and iron supplements as advised

Stay hydrated and eat fresh food

Avoid raw or undercooked food

Don’t skip scheduled tests or scans

Get enough rest and reduce stress

FAQs

Q1. Can I visit a gynaecologist before getting pregnant?

Answer: Yes, pre-pregnancy check-ups help prepare your body for conception and highlight any potential health concerns.

Q2. What if I have no symptoms but still test positive?

Answer: Even without symptoms, it's important to visit a gynaecologist. They can confirm the pregnancy and offer early care guidance.

Q3. How often should I visit during pregnancy?

Answer: Typically, once a month during the first 28 weeks, every two weeks till 36 weeks, and weekly thereafter.

Q4. Is it safe to consult online during early pregnancy?

Answer: For minor queries, online consultations are helpful. But for tests and scans, a physical visit is necessary.

Q5. Can I change my gynaecologist during pregnancy?

Answer: Yes, but try to do it in the early months, so your new doctor has full understanding of your medical history.

Conclusion

Meeting a gynaecologist at the right time can make pregnancy a more confident and informed experience. Whether you're planning a baby or already pregnant, expert guidance matters from the start. If you're searching for the top gynaecologist in Mumbai, take the time to review qualifications and feedback. Consider specialists like Dr Shilpa, known for their approachability and care.

[original-consumer-complaints]

risky THC clone cuts warned against unregistered seedline circulating exposure event traced to clone batch state investigation into clone vendor biggest recall of the season cross-contamination between cuts fake COA documents identified clone identity fraud flagged illegal strain crossbreeding alert unverifiable lineage of THC strains clone grow failures reported grow community blacklists vendor fraudulent lab reports exposed mold outbreaks in clone trays DOJ alert on unregulated clones bad harvests linked to vendor scam strain sales continue infected cuttings detected surge in refund requests clone warning label violations clone quarantine order issued spoofed strain name in listings pesticide test failure hidden government license revoked DNA test fails to match strain seed-to-sale traceability failure illegal payment methods exposed clones blocked from shipping expired mother plant sourcing

clones caused user harm toxic runoff contamination risk no COA documentation available unsafe propagation techniques seed pack content discrepancy mislabeled strains caught covert THC clone sales network false lab claims under review forged THC documents discovered spoofed strain branding caught powdery mildew batch recall infected tissue culture sources FDA seizure notice issued health risk clones sold grower harms confirmed unauthorized distribution network disease vector confirmed clone scandal rocks growers illegal shipments confirmed hermaphrodite reports spike DNA fraud evidence revealed compliance order issued recalled inventory sold online internal security leak exposed fake feminized seeds scandal strain trademark abuse case safety report ignored fraudulent clone sales practices testimony reveals vendor lies vendor license under review disease clone batch alert safety warning on clone drops multiple health complaints received blacklisted strain being sold seed label fraud uncovered license flagged by state fake lab certificate reported public health alert issued state lawsuit pending germination test failures regulators step in on operation buyer warning for toxic cuts failed grow results verified recall protocol failure documented vendor review warnings active bad genetics alert posted expired stock shipped out seed certification violation strain hoax exposed quarantine failure risk

FDA complaint submitted suspicious referral network flagged misbranded genetics caught in audit plant health risk from recent cuts quarantine alert triggered by clones misleading lab reports submitted clones contaminated grow cycles grow operations failing after use refund denied after clone failure unauthorized strain sale uncovered

[digitaleduskill]

How Web Crawlers Collect and Organize Online Information

In the age of digital expansion, the internet contains billions of web pages. But have you ever wondered how search engines like Google manage to find, organize, and rank all that information in milliseconds? The answer lies in a fascinating piece of technology called a web crawler. Let’s first define web crawler: it is a software bot used by search engines to systematically browse the internet and collect data from websites.

These bots are essential to how search engines operate. Without web crawlers, search engines wouldn’t know what content exists, where to find it, or how to categorize it. They serve as the eyes and ears of search engines, navigating through online content to build massive databases called indexes.

What Exactly Does a Web Crawler Do?

A web crawler, sometimes referred to as a spider or bot, starts its journey with a list of URLs known as seed URLs. It visits these URLs and scans the content on each page. From there, it identifies and follows hyperlinks embedded within those pages to discover more content. This cycle continues indefinitely, enabling crawlers to map out the web efficiently.

The crawler's job involves:

Visiting web pages

Reading and copying the content

Extracting links from the page

Following those links to new pages

Repeating the process continuously

This automated process allows the crawler to compile a detailed and structured version of the internet's vast content landscape.

How Crawlers Organize Data

Crawlers don’t just collect content—they also organize it in a format that search engines can use. Once they fetch a web page, they send the data to an indexing engine. Here's how the process unfolds:

1. Parsing Content

The crawler reads the HTML code of a webpage to identify meaningful content such as headings, keywords, meta tags, and image alt text. This helps determine what the page is about.

2. Storing Metadata

Metadata—such as page title, description, and URL—is stored in an index. This metadata helps search engines show concise, relevant information in search results.

3. Analyzing Links

The crawler maps internal and external links to understand the page’s structure and relevance. Pages with many incoming links from reputable sites are often considered more trustworthy.

4. Handling Duplicate Content

Crawlers detect and avoid indexing duplicate content. If multiple pages have the same information, the engine decides which one to prioritize in search results.

5. Scheduling Recrawls

Since websites frequently update, crawlers revisit sites regularly. High-authority or frequently updated sites may be crawled more often than static pages.

Why Web Crawlers Matter

Web crawlers are the backbone of how search engines operate. Without them, search engines wouldn’t be able to:

Find new websites or pages

Update content in real-time

Remove outdated or deleted pages from their index

Rank results based on relevance and authority

Whether you're running a personal blog or managing a corporate website, understanding how crawlers work helps you optimize your content for visibility. Properly structured content, clear navigation, and effective use of meta tags all contribute to better crawling and indexing.

How to Optimize Your Website for Crawlers

To ensure your site gets crawled and indexed properly, you can follow these best practices:

1. Use a Sitemap

A sitemap is a file that lists all important URLs on your site. Submitting this to search engines ensures they know what to crawl.

2. Avoid Broken Links

Broken links lead crawlers to dead ends, affecting your site's crawlability and user experience.

3. Create Fresh, Valuable Content

Crawlers prefer sites that are updated regularly with high-quality content. Blogs, news updates, and resource articles can all help.

4. Use Robots.txt Wisely

This file tells crawlers which pages they can or cannot access. Use it carefully to avoid blocking important pages from being indexed.

5. Ensure Mobile and Page Speed Optimization

Google and other search engines give preference to mobile-friendly and fast-loading websites. These aspects can influence crawl frequency and ranking.

Conclusion

Understanding how web crawlers collect and organize online information gives you a significant advantage when managing a digital presence. Once you clearly define web crawler, it becomes easier to appreciate the value of SEO practices and structured content. These silent digital workers shape our everyday search experiences and play a crucial role in connecting users with the information they seek.

Whether you're a website owner, marketer, or tech enthusiast, staying informed about crawler behavior is key to achieving online success. The more accessible and optimized your site is, the better your chances of standing out in the vast sea of digital content.