#thesis vs dissertation

[anime-academia]

Guys, my supervisor is so cool!

[aimlayworldwide]

Know The Difference Between Dissertation Writing & Thesis Writing

In the realm of academia, the terms "dissertation" and "thesis" are often used interchangeably, leading to confusion among students and researchers. However, there are subtle differences between the two, both in terms of purpose and structure. In this article, we shed light on the disparity between dissertation writing and thesis writing, offering clarity to those embarking on their advanced academic journeys. 

Purpose and Audience 

The primary difference lies in the purpose and intended audience of the documents. A thesis is typically associated with master's programs, while a dissertation is commonly associated with doctoral programs. A thesis aims to demonstrate the student's mastery of knowledge within a specific field and is typically evaluated by a committee consisting of faculty members. On the other hand, a dissertation is an original research project that contributes new insights or knowledge to the existing body of literature within the respective field of study. Dissertations are often evaluated by a committee of experts in the field and may have a broader readership. 

Scope and Depth of Research 

Another crucial distinction between dissertations and thesis is the scope and depth of research conducted. While a thesis focuses on synthesizing existing knowledge and demonstrating proficiency in a particular subject area, a dissertation requires original research. Dissertations demand a more extensive investigation, involving data collection, analysis, and interpretation, to produce novel findings or perspectives. Dissertations typically contribute to advancing the understanding of a field or addressing gaps in existing knowledge, whereas thesis focus on a comprehensive understanding of a specific topic. 

Length and Structure 

In general, dissertations tend to be longer and more comprehensive than thesis. A thesis usually ranges from 50 to 100 pages, whereas a dissertation can span from 100 to several hundred pages. This disparity in length is reflective of the differing levels of research and analysis conducted. However, the specific requirements regarding length and structure can vary between institutions and academic disciplines, so it is essential to consult the guidelines provided by the respective program or department. 

Originality and Contribution 

As mentioned earlier, one of the fundamental aspects of a dissertation is its originality. Dissertations are expected to contribute something new to the field, whether it is through the discovery of new knowledge, the development of a new theory or framework, or the application of existing knowledge in a novel context. Thesis, on the other hand, are focused on synthesizing existing information and demonstrating the student's ability to critically analyze and evaluate existing research. 

Time and Complexity 

Given the difference in scope and depth of research, dissertations typically require a more extended period to complete compared to thesis. The process of conducting original research, collecting data, analyzing findings, and writing a comprehensive dissertation demands substantial time and effort. Thesis, while still requiring rigorous analysis and synthesis, can often be completed within a shorter timeframe. 

Conclusion 

While the terms "dissertation" and "thesis" are often used interchangeably, understanding the distinctions between them is crucial for students and researchers. Dissertations are characterized by original research, a broader scope, and a contribution to the existing body of knowledge, while thesis focus on synthesizing existing information and demonstrating mastery of a subject. By comprehending these differences in purpose, scope, length, and originality, students can embark on their academic journeys equipped with a clear understanding of the expectations associated with dissertation writing and thesis writing. 

[dissertationthesis]

Thesis Vs Dissertation Vs Research Paper: Know the Difference.

If you are a student pursuing a Master's or a Doctorate it is essential to learn the differences between Thesis, Dissertation, and Research paper. All these terms can look similar yet they hold distinct meanings. Understanding the difference eases the struggles of working on one of these.  At the end of this article, you will be able to differentiate all three.

What is a thesis?

A thesis can simply imply a summary of the research findings you have been working on, all through the Master's and Doctorate. 

This serves as a project that showcases students' abilities and skills acquired throughout the program it provides information on their unique research, argument, and hypothesis. Also, it supports and proves research based on evidence and relevant resources. 

When it comes to Thesis Vs Dissertation thesis is shorter than a dissertation and contains up to 80 to 100 pages.

What is a dissertation?

A dissertation is often a project worked on by doctorate students. It requires comprehensive and in-depth research. It signifies the highest level of research and contributes to the field of study.

It often demands extensive research that finds a solution to a certain problem or a question, Data collection, Interpretation, and an extensive literature review. They must be unique and original with the ability to produce new insights.

Thus it is much more impactful in the field, It is almost like a whole book consisting of 300 to 500 pages.

When we compare a Dissertation Vs Research paper, Dissertation is deeper and takes more effects to create. 

Research Paper vs Thesis.

All three Thesis research papers and dissertations are a part of academic documentation, they all serve different purposes. 

Thesis and Dissertation test the ability of students to conduct an independent research project and requires originality to solve unique problems that are never touched before. It is also required to go through a rigorous review process with the committee of industry experts to be approved. 

Whereas a research paper just shares research findings, analysis, and insights with the wider academic community.

Another crucial difference we could find with the comparison of Research Paper vs Thesis, or Research vs Dissertation is that dissertation and thesis demand more originality but a research paper can be created with existing research findings or proving perspectives.

Thus to sum up the major differences when it comes to dissertation vs thesis vs research articles it is in the length and primarily the originality of the research and the process of review. Hope now you would have got clarity on what is what. Here at United Innovators, we provide you with research guidance and writing services. Visit our website and contact us for more information.

For more Info visit here - https://www.unitedinnovator.com/thesis-writing-for-postgraduates.php

[ao3-top-batfam-ships-bracket]

Hi, prev anon venting about the Timkon vs Batjokes poll here: would actually find it very interesting to read some analysis on the rising anti mentality, actually. I've been in fandom for a long time, so I do remember when it wasn't like this, and for a while I was like "it's fine, just block and move on, don't engage, it's fine". But IS it fine?? Fans of more complex and not easily digestible ships... we block and ignore and create our own little niches, but at this point I've seen too many cases of shippers saying they're AFRAID of publically liking something darker just because they might get harassed. This shit is getting genuinely harrowing to real alive people, to the point where some poor fans actually buy the bullshit of "you're a bad person if you like That Bad Ship" as if thought crimes exist and we're in the damn 18th century. It's definitely worth studying this phenomenon in fandom because then maybe we can figure out how to fix this? Fandom is supposed to be fun... Lol, really long way of saying that those texts would be cool to see, thank you guys!

Sure!

Here's a huge library of sources about media literacy, lgbtq+ issues, fandom and fan culture. We definitely recommend checking it out!

Under the cut is the list of articles focused specifically on the phenomenon of antishipping. Please keep in mind that some of these articles are master's theses or doctoral dissertations and that we didn't fully read all of them. This is just a general list of what we've found.

Aburime, S. (2021). The cult structure of the American anti. Transformative Works and Cultures, 36.

Aburime, S. (2022). Hate narratives, conditioned language and networked harassment: A new breed of anti-shipper and anti-fan–antis. Journal of Fandom Studies, 10(2-3), 135-155.

Bradburn, M. (2023). Fans Like Us: Anti-Shipping, Othering, and the Reauthoring of Fandom (Master's thesis, The University of North Carolina at Charlotte).

Drouin, R. A. (2021). 'Fans are Going to See it Any Way They Want': The Rhetorics of the Voltron: Legendary Defender Fandom. Bowling Green State University.

Larsen, V. (2021). It makes me, a minor, uncomfortable. Media and Morality in Anti-Shippers’ Policing of Online Fandom.

Salsabila, J. A., & Sulhin, I. (2024). Social Media And Moral Panic: Examining The Case Of Antis Fandom On Social Media X. Eduvest-Journal of Universal Studies, 4(5), 4138-4150.

Stone, A. A. (2023). The Antagonistic Anatomy of Anti-shippers: A Thematic Analysis. City University of New York John Jay College of Criminal Justice.

Urbańczyk, A. (2022). Finding a Dead Dove in the Refrigerator. The Anti-Shippers’ Call for Exclusion of Sensitive Content as a Means of Establishing Position in the Field of Fan Production. Przegląd Kulturoznawczy, 53(3), 404-420.

(Also, adding this screenshot of the table of contents from Larsen's article because it's very funny.)

[focusfixated]

Fic authors self rec! When you get this, reply with your favorite five fics that you've written, then pass on to at least five other writers. Spread the self-love ❤

thank you for this! i think my favourite fics i've written are the ones that are basically like. my thesis statement. if you ask me about these characters, i will slide you one of these fics and say: here's my dissertation on the subject. everything you need to know about how i feel is in there.

can't get a life (if my heart's not in it)

libertines rpf | peter/carl | M | 20.9k

When Peter came to London, Carl was waiting for him under the hanging clock in the middle of Waterloo station. It had been romantic, in the way that Peter saw all their meetings as a little romantic – a song in the making, all Terry meets Julie and a sunset over the river. Or: the early days of Peter & Carl's love affair with London - and each other.

note: i wrote this one during my first year moving to london. inhabiting this story with these people and their music helped me settle there. this was also my way of taking every insanely romantic and toxic thing peter and carl did or felt about each other in those early years and weaving it into one point of reference.

on the wings of a nightingale

good omens | aziraphale/crowley | E | 11.1k

Aziraphale liked his body. He liked the shape of it, the way it moved and touched the world, a type of sensory feedback that made him understand the shape and extent of his corporation. Like he wasn’t just an ephemeral vessel. Like he was flesh. Or: Aziraphale gets a tattoo. Crowley is an accessory to this crime against good sense. Everyone’s kinks are very poorly disguised.

note: i think this is the one where i really got to grips with my authorial obsession with bodies, embodiment, sensation as existence. it's probably one of the most personal things i've written, too, in terms of its dissection of touch, and espousing thoughts on faith as tangible feeling vs abstract thought. this is the aziraphale that exists in everything else i've written in this fandom.

i hope i find my home

it chapter 2 | richie/eddie | E | 53k

The peak of summer is long gone, if it ever came, but the funk of stagnant air still hangs low over the suburban streets. Richie Tozier – sallow-skinned and puffy-eyed, wearing a too-small denim jacket that smells of sweat and mildew – hasn’t slept in several days, and he's trying to remember how he got here in the first place. Or: Coming back to Derry, Richie hadn't expected to live. Eddie hadn’t expected to die. In the aftermath of Neibolt, they’re both confronted by another shot at life.

note: possibly actually my favourite thing i've ever written out of all of these. features this ongoing obsession with bodies, though this is from a more confrontational perspective than the good omens one - there's an element of body horror, a sense of fear and discomfort about the body, and grapples with embodied repression. took me two years to write this one. it was a labour of love and hard work, and a proof of my commitment to getting this story about survival and recovery told.

le temps qu'il faut

disco elysium | harry/kim | T | 5k

Snow blows in from the east. It falls on Martinaise, thickening the frigid air like cornstarch, thick enough to chew on. Lieutenant Kim Kitsuragi stands – quiet, watchful, an oddity placed at the centre of a racket – collar turned up against the weather. Or: winter is tough and so is Kim, but a lot can change in ten days.

note: a story where i feel like i got the closest to capturing the mood of the original media. it was such a fucking pleasure to write something that was almost pure atmosphere. felt right that the poetry came out of this cold and battered landscape, and really solidified my interest in capturing environments. (who needs plot when there are buildings and lakes covered in snow).

when we fight about love

our flag means death | multi | E | 41.2k

Bonnet took a dainty sip of rum, then put the mug down with a fussy finality. “Look, I’m not interested in deals and riches and who gets what from who. I want to find Ed, that’s it. You’ll come with us, and you’ll guide us to the Revenge, and when we’re done, you can have my other ship to do with what you like. Sell it, sail away, set it on fire, I don’t care. Do we have an accord?” Bonnet held out a hand. His nails were ragged, and there were blisters on his fingers. Somehow, he still smelled of lavender. With all the recalcitrance of reaching towards an open flame, Izzy shook it. (Or: after brokering an uneasy peace, Izzy Hands, Stede Bonnet and the rest of the Revenge’s depleted crew are thrown together for a mission: find Edward, snap him out of his terrible madness, and then – and then.)

note: this is the one. the story that sums it all up. "how do you feel about izzy? what do you think was going on with him? how would a coherent version of him, flaws and all, realistically interact with the people most important to him during this time?" well: like this. focuses on repression, again, a key theme for me. though the repression here is not just physical, but mental, too. this was an exercise in finding a way to present a dislikeable, misguided, unreliable narrator as a point of view character and still finding meaning and empathy in his perspective. one of the most satisfying things i've ever written.

[foggieststars]

really intrigued by ur masters program. could u tell us more abt it? what sort of reading did u do, ur thesis etc etc

for sure!! i studied comparative social policy, which is essentially a study of the history of welfare state development - policies which are 'social', i.e. in that they are designed to support people. think things like pensions, welfare benefits, healthcare, poverty-reduction, things like that!

more under the cut :)

the programme i studied had a focus on OECD countries, which are generally divided into 3 types of welfare states: (1) liberal welfare states, which tend to be anglosphere countries, so the uk, ireland, australia and new zealand - some models include the US, and some don't because the US is an outlier in that... it just doesn't have a lot of the welfare benefits that other anglosphere countries have (think free healthcare, guaranteed maternity leave) on a federal level. (2) is social-democratic welfare states, which tend to be more generous and universal (nordic countries), and finally (3) conservative welfare states, countries like germany and france where welfare rights have a history of being linked to class struggle and workers rights, and are more likely to be linked to your occupation.

this isn't an all-encompassing model and there have been many attempts to update it to include asian/african/latin american welfare states (this is an extremely eurocentric model) and add nuance to the conversation, but just a general overview of the types of stuff we discussed!

in terms of things i studied specifically, i focused on gender and poverty as my two options, looking at ways that welfare states can alleviate/worsen poverty and gender inequality. it was really fascinating stuff but ultimately hampered by the fact that oxford is an extremely old fashioned organisation and didn't have much in the way of diversity in reading lists.. so it had to be found by myself lmao

as for my dissertation, i compared the levels of generosity in welfare benefit allocation between the united kingdom and the republic of ireland. the uk introduced restrictive welfare legislation which prevented the majority of non-european immigrants from accessing welfare (known as no recourse to public funds) in 1995, but ireland didn't until 2007, so i wanted to know why that was. ultimately i found it was because of 2 things: 1. differing levels of economic prosperity - ireland's economy was stratospheric before the 2008 crash, and the uk not so much. ireland didn't want to introduce deterrent legislation to prevent immigrants coming to ireland because they needed immigrants to join the labour force. and (2) the rhetoric of public debate in the uk was much more harshly anti-immigrant than in ireland, thanks to thatcherism (lol). ireland wasn't exactly Positive about immigration, but political debate had a lot more to do with the economy and appeals to emotion vs in the uk the rhetoric was much more fiercely us vs them, if that makes sense. it was an interesting project!!

[ellieputellas]

I’m so excited for part two (especially the smut)

I don’t know how much of a teaser you want to give but I imagine we are going to see super gentle alexia, the inexperience vs experience nature of it all

also I love how long your stories are, bascially novels. I saw you apologising for the length please don’t i absolutely love long fics

it baffles me how you can do it because my dissertation was 10k and I was struggling 😂

thank you! fiction comes easy to me and i write pretty quickly. (though my own thesis now is taking me ages...)

i tried to make the smut worth the wait! i was afraid it would be too much qnd wanted to post it separately but since ppl voted for it all to be just in one part, i'm doing that instead.

[vtellswhat]

Thesis Writing Process

The 5-Step Process for Writing a Thesis: A Super Comprehensive Guide

Writing a thesis is a glorious academic moment in which perhaps the cumulative outcome of four years of study and research is being produced. While intimidating as a thought, however, it breaks down into pragmatic steps that ensure clarity and efficiency, and a polished final product. This blog publishes a comprehensive guide on a 5-step process to guide you through your thesis journey.

Step 1: Select and Refine Your Research Topic One first step in writing a dissertation is to select a topic of interest to you, relevant to your academic interest, career objectives, and the study area. Write down general ideas that interest you as well as are applicable to your field of study. Begin preliminary research into your selected ideas.

Narrow the Focus: A narrow, well-defined research question is easier to manage and is more meaningful than an open-ended one. It can be related that a broad topic like "Climate Change" is better narrowed down to be, "The Effects of Renewable Policies towards Reducing Carbon Emissions in Urban Areas."

Step 2: Do a Thorough Research

Having a topic in mind, proceed with research. Research is essentially collecting and synthesizing information that will lead to an excellent grounding for your thesis.

Primary vs. Secondary Sources: Mix primary sources, like experiments, surveys, or interviews, with secondary ones, like journal articles, books, or reports.

Take Notes: Use Zotero or End with the collection of references and systematic notes.

Critical Evaluation: Examine your sources critically to determine if they relate to and support your thesis question and are appropriate to your topic. Maintain a journal of interesting ideas, major findings, and citations as you conduct research. This will facilitate the writing process later on. --- ### Step 3: Thoroughly Give It a Good Framework A good thesis is also well-structured. Before you begin writing, draft a rough outline of your work to ensure it will be orderly.

Introduction: State your research question, objectives and the reasons why your study holds its importance. \

Literature Review: Summarize and critique previous studies to pinpoint what is unique in your study. \

Methodology: Discuss the methods and tools that you used to carry on your research. \

Results and Discussion: Present your findings, analyze them and relate to your research question. Conclusion: Summarize major findings and say what they imply, and indicate future avenues for research.

This road-map achieves proper flow and coherence for both the writer and the reader.

Core Sections First: Prepare methodology, results and discussion first because such parts are often the core sections of your thesis.

Be Clear; Be Concise: Avoid using jargons unless unavoidable and define technical terms to reach more audiences.

Get Feedback: Share drafts with your advisor or peers in order to get constructive feedback.

Edit Ruthlessly: Review for clarity, grammar, and coherence. Tools like Grammarly and Hemingway Editor can help polish your writing.

Set daily or weekly writing goals to maintain steady progress.

Step 5: Finalize and Defend

Prepare your thesis for submission and defense.

Formatting and Citation: Format according to your institution's guidelines on the formatting, citation, and referencing. Double-check everything for consistency.

Proofread: Read through the document at least three or four times for spotting typos, inconsistencies in formatting, or other mistakes. You might consider hiring a professional proofreader to help you out.

Practice Presentation and Q&A: Rehearse your presentation a number of times. Think about questions that may be presented to you by the panel. Be prepared to back up your statements with evidence and speak assertively regarding the research.

The day you defend your dissertation is the day to celebrate all the hard work and achievement made until then. . Conclusion Writing a thesis is quite demanding but highly rewarding for it tests your critical thinking abilities, researching, and the skill to write. If you break down these steps to the choosing of the topic, research, structuring, writing, and finalizing, you'll be in a better position in handling the entire process. Remember that persistence and careful planning will get a thesis written that will not only demonstrate one's knowledge of the subject matter but also contribute to the field.

In fact, it takes a lot of courage to move on with this project, and these steps shall take you to it!

Need expert guidance for your PhD, Master’s thesis, or research writing journey? Click the link below to access resources and support tailored to help you excel every step of the way. Unlock your full research potential today!

Follow us on Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/writebing/

[spiritedstars]

sorry for this dissertation, but i have some Thoughts and as a swiftie and an elucien, you are my target audience bestie

i was listening to ‘gold rush’ and it suddenly hit me that lucien vanserra may as well have written the song himself. i just *takes deep breath* right from the beginning, where it says, i almost jump in, but i don’t like a gold rush bc the temptation is always there, the instincts. but like, as we know, the whole thing with the gold rush was that many people never found gold. it’s the pull of the bond vs. the woman at the other end of it, who has shown no interest in him. plus it reminds me of lucien asking feyre if elain is worth fighting for in acowar. he’s just so so cautious with his heart now 💔

i don’t like that anyone would die to feel your touch / everybody wants you i mean…… 👀 but we don’t have to talk about that rn. also? doesn’t eris ?? say somethin about “my brother’s pretty mate” ???? or do i just read too much fanfic oop either way, they really out here putting elain in an ugly dress so she wouldn’t accidentally catch eris’s eye in the court of nightmares. everybody wants a slice of that elain archeron pie !!

what must it be like to grow up that beautiful? i mean there’s the obvious, as we just discussed. but also, he really would have to wonder what it was like growing up that beautiful, in the sense that she has faced all this adversity and managed to stay kind and soft. he’d have to wonder what it was like to grow up universally loved. 😭😭

at dinner parties, i call you out on your contrarian shit ok so elain’s not exactly a contrarian if anything, lucien is lol BUT i wanna talk about this lyric in relation to the theory that elain gives people the her she thinks they want. and that lucien at the very least, is able to perceive that. he probably has all kinds of fantasies of ruining another awkward dinner by calling her on it. and to take things further, the coastal town we wandered ‘round had never seen a love as pure as it . walking through far-flung streets with her accompanying him on his travels.

BUT, considering the way things are lookin rn, especially from his perspective…. i can’t dare to dream about you anymore

ugh ugh ugh my heart !! and then the twist??? now saying i won’t call you out on your shit at dinner parties, because he’d never actually do that to her at least not AT dinner hehe so they’ll just eat in strained silence forever, probably. and then there’s the coastal town we never found will never see a love as pure as it because it all feels so hopeless !!! like it’s never gonna happen!! it’s a gold rush ):

As someone who has a whole Elucien (Taylor's Version) playlist with this song on there, I am LOVING this!!! I viewed the song from Elain's POV as she watches Lucien dazzle every crowd he’s in, feeling both proud that he’s her mate (while still nervous and apprehensive around him) but can’t help being slightly annoyed at how many people seem to want his attention. I love how your breakdown and mine are essentially how the two of them would view each other at the same time HKJGUYJG. GREAT MINDS THINK ALIKE 'NONNIE!!!

I made a whole-ass playlist (read: thesis statement) maybe three years ago? I gotta find it and make updates to add Taylor's newer songs on there omg.

[regulusrules]

Hi! Don't feel obligated to reply to this if you don't wanna answer for any reason, but I saw you answer an ask where you said you archived a fic so you could use it in your personal career and I was wondering what that would be? Like, in what ways can you use fic like that? Again, don't feel like you have to answer if that's a more personal question than I think it is and you want to keep it private 😊

Hi, no worries! Thank you for being very respectful about it 🤍 I think I understand where this question is coming from. We often confine fanfiction to only being a creative outlet with no other usage, when actually it can have a great impact on other aspects of our lives.

I'll list you some of the ways:

If you're an author, you can use your fics by restructuring them into original works of art. (This is generally the most common case, but it involves losing your non-profitable voice. However, there are other ways you could benefit from your fics without monetizing them).

If you're an academic scholar, you can use fanfiction in the fields of literature, interdisciplinarity, creative writing, and linguistics. Whether this may be writing a research paper / thesis / dissertation about fanfiction as a genre, or analysing fics themselves. People really underestimate the power of fanfiction on academia and vice versa.

If you're applying for postgraduate studies in some of the previously mentioned fields, some universities require a portfolio of your creative writing. You can tailor your fics and include them as samples.

In your postgraduate journey, you can exercise applying critical literary theories (eg: feminist theory, postcolonial theory, etc) on fics if you're reluctant to start straight on books. I even like to believe that critical writing is in itself a form of fic writing, because you're writing and trying to prove your opinion about an outer text. Only difference is that critical writing is evidence-based.

You could do comparative studies on books and fics to further understand the workings of monetized vs unprompted writing, the difference in style, or even the use of diction.

If you're applying for certain jobs in the writing field aka content writing / copywriting / script writing.. some companies also require a creative writing portfolio.

All of these are ways you could benefit from fic writing, aside from the obvious which is writing for your good self and evolving your style. I said it before and will keep on saying it: fanfiction is one of the purest forms of love out there. We write fics because we want to share our love of certain characters with the world without a need to financially gain anything from it. It is a small restoration of human goodness and human connection. However, that doesn't say you can't use it for anything else. Quite the contrary, when you understand the power of your words and the influence they could make, this will be the greatest pro of all

[mademoiselle-red]

Reading the Renault fandom dissertation, part 3

An academic decided to write about us, online fans of Mary Renault’s works, for her phd dissertation in 2018, and as the subject of her research, I will be covering & commenting on what she wrote over a series of posts ✍️📑

(Here is part 1, part 2, part 4, part 5, and part 6)

And now, for part 3 we jump to the Renault chapter:

“Chapter 2: From Greek Love to Boys’ Love: Mary Renault’s Romanticization of Pederasty”

Personally, I don’t read Renault’s works as romanticizing the institution of pederasty. They instead set up the ideal of “Greek love” in order to explore its problematic place and inadequacies within both its culture of origin (The Last of the Wine) and within early twentieth century gay culture (The Charioteer).

“Despite her contemporary fame, however, she is rarely mentioned today in either mainstream media or academic circles. Only in the form of a niche online fandom do Renault’s works continue to generate enthusiasm and contemporary relevance: male homoerotic fan art by women.”

I’m really surprised to see that she chose fan art as the primary form of fan media through which she uses to analyze the Renault fandom. I know it is more convenient to compare fan art to BL manga since both are visual mediums, but it doesn’t make sense for the Renault online fandom. I’d say the online TC community is 90% fanfic & meta and only 10% fan art. Even the Alexander Trilogy and LotW fanworks are mostly fic and meta. So focusing on art doesn’t make sense when you are trying to study the online fan reception of Renault’s works. This oversight in Chou’s methodology leads to some interesting results later…

“The second part of this chapter brings in the latest online fandom devoted to Renault, which focuses on Renault’s representation of male homoeroticism. These fan artworks and discussions based on Renault’s novels are located squarely within the BL sensibilities that I discussed in the previous chapter. By examining the unexpected affinities between the mid-twentieth century lesbian author and her millennial online fandom, I contend that the apparent contradictions between Renault and her works is best understood through the BL logic—which is the logic of fantasy.”

This is her central thesis about Renault and us, the fandom. A preview of what these “unexpected affinities” will be:

“More specifically, I argue that what critics have found problematic about Renault—her idealization of male homosexuality, her misogyny, and her indifference to identity politics—make sense for BL aesthetics.”

I will discuss Chou’s argument that Renault’s works appeal to her online fan community because they are indifferent to identity politics and modern reality in my next post (part 4), but first, the author explains her definition of “queerness,” which is crucial to understanding her distinction between BL/slash sensibilities vs queer sensibilities.

“Although Renault’s novels since The Charioteer almost exclusively focus on homosexual characters and relationships, and the word “queer” is in fact scattered all over The Charioteer referring to gay men in the postwar era, her books have never been considered “queer” in the post-gay, academic sense.”

This is a baffling sentence. And this definition of “queer” really narrows her analysis of queer fannish activity in my opinion, and prevents her from recognizing Renault’s online fandom as a form of queer culture and queer community. Also, I didn’t realize there is a “post-gay” academic culture. What does “post-gay” even mean? She goes on to explain:

“Queerness is understood as a mode of critique rather than about a specific sexuality, which is where queer theory divulges from lesbian and gay studies: whereas lesbian and gay studies tackles homosexuality as an object of study, queer theory defines itself as a philosophical and political strategy of critique rather than a study of particular objects. With representation no longer the measurement of political efficacy in textual analysis, writing about “queers” and being politically queer are two different, although not incompatible ideas.”

So queerness in Chou’s understanding for the purposes of this dissertation does not refer to a group of people who can be studied. I’d say it’s fine if you want queerness to be a mode of critique of normative structures in fiction & philosophy, but how useful is this definition when you are studying a fan community, a living breathing organism comprised of real people?

“The silence around Renault in academia today is a result of the awkward combination of who the author is, what she writes about, and how she proclaims an apolitical orientation. Queer criticism is used to heteronormative subjects being silent about politics and the mainstream’s lack of action is easily understood as complacency and sometimes homophobia. But queer criticism is not geared towards handling a non- normative subject with a voice that does not articulate political aspirations.”

Queer people can, you know, just exist, and write about other queer people, and have bad politics.

“In what follows, I propose that reading Renault from a different perspective—the BL perspective—not only dissolves her hopeless contradictions but is also more productive in understanding how her works can still be (if not more) relevant today.”

Buckle up, friends, she’s gonna analyze the TC fandom (us!!!) next 👀👀👀

More in part 4

[minadi-mga2023mi6021]

[Dissertation] Draft Essay Structure

Introduction (300 words)

Background & Context: The evolution of the animation industry (a brief overview) and the emergence of independent studios as significant contributors in the past decades

Research Focus: Introduce the chosen studios - Cartoon Saloon, Aardman Animations and their relevance.

Research Questions: Outline the central questions guiding the dissertation - The focus is on these studios that mainly make short films/feature films or animation series. (not commercial /advertising animation-based studios)

Thesis Statement: The impact and success of these independent studios over the years and their contribution.

2. The Evolution of Independent Animation Studios (400 words)

Discuss the transition from major corporate-controlled animation to the rise of independent studios. ( a lot of artists and animators leaving major cooperations to start their own studios even)

Defining Independent Studios: Examine characteristics such as funding models, creative freedom and production approaches

3. Case Studies of Selected Independent Studios and some of their work (1,500 words)

3.1 Cartoon Saloon (Ireland) (750 words)

History: Explore how the studio was founded and its growth.

Cultural Significance: Analyze how Irish folklore and mythology are integral to their works, such as The Secret of Kells and Song of the Sea etc.

Unique Storytelling & Visuals: Discuss their distinctive hand-drawn 2D animation style, traditional styles and narrative techniques.

Success and Industry Impact: Highlight accolades, awards and influence on global animation with examples.

Workflows and Work Environment: Describe their collaborative processes and studio culture (from interviews and articles etc)

3.2 Aardman Animations (UK) (750 words)

History: Explore how the studio was founded as a small venture to an internationally renowned entity and studio.

Cultural Significance: Investigate the portrayal of British culture and humor in productions like Wallace and Gromit.

Unique Storytelling & Visuals: Assess their commitment to stop-motion clay animation and its artistic implications with a various number of successful animations for decades

Success and Industry Impact: Discuss awards, box office achievements and their influence on the animation industry.

Workflows and Work Environment: Examine their production processes and how they foster creativity.

4. Comparative Analysis (300 words)

Creative Freedom vs. Commercial Success: Compare how each studio balances artistic integrity with financial viability.

Innovation in Storytelling and Visuals: Evaluate the unique narrative and visual styles that distinguish these studios from mainstream counterparts due to originality and creativity.

Assess their collective influence on industry trends, including the resurgence of traditional techniques and the promotion of diverse cultural narratives.

5. Other factors that contribute to the growth of independent animation (200 words)

Accessibility of Software

The impact of digital platforms helping animators with their distribution process - Youtube (even newgrounds back in the day) platform challenges on content restrictions, monetization etc but how it got better

6. Conclusion (300 words)

Summary of Key Findings: Recap the main insights regarding the significance of independent animation studios.

Final Thoughts

Suggest areas for future academic exploration, such as the impact of digital platforms on independent studios.

[tutorsindia152]

Understanding Research Methodology: A Comprehensive Guide

Introduction

Research methodology is a critical component of any academic study, as it defines the approach, techniques, and tools used to gather and analyze data. A well-structured research methodology ensures that a study is credible, reliable, and replicable. Whether you are conducting research for your dissertation, thesis, or any academic project, understanding research methodology is essential.

For students struggling with crafting a robust methodology section, professional services like Tutors India offer expert Dissertation Methodology Writing Services, ensuring clarity, precision, and academic rigor.

What is Research Methodology?

Research methodology refers to the systematic process used to conduct research. It includes the selection of research design, data collection methods, and analysis techniques. The methodology section of a dissertation outlines how research is conducted and justifies the chosen approach.

Key Components of Research Methodology

Research Design – Defines the framework of the study (qualitative, quantitative, or mixed methods).

Data Collection Methods – Includes surveys, interviews, experiments, and secondary data sources.

Sampling Techniques – Describes how participants or data points are selected.

Data Analysis – Explains how collected data will be interpreted (statistical tools, thematic analysis, etc.).

Ethical Considerations – Ensures that research follows ethical guidelines and best practices.

Choosing the Right Research Methodology

Selecting the appropriate research methodology depends on:

The research question and objectives.

The nature of data (qualitative vs. quantitative).

The availability of resources and time constraints.

The study's field of inquiry (scientific research, social sciences, business studies, etc.).

If you need Dissertation Help Methodology, Tutors India provides expert assistance to help you select and justify the best research methodology for your study.

Common Research Methodologies

1. Qualitative Research

Focuses on subjective experiences, behaviors, and opinions.

Uses open-ended interviews, case studies, and thematic analysis.

2. Quantitative Research

Involves numerical data, statistics, and measurable variables.

Uses surveys, experiments, and statistical software for analysis.

3. Mixed Methods Research

Combines qualitative and quantitative approaches.

Provides a comprehensive perspective on the research problem.

Why Seek Professional Research Methodology Help?

Writing a dissertation methodology requires expertise in research design, data collection, and analysis. Many students struggle with:

Justifying their chosen research methodology.

Structuring their methodology section properly.

Applying appropriate data collection and analysis techniques.

This is where Tutors India provides reliable Dissertation Methodology Help to ensure students submit high-quality, methodologically sound dissertations.

How Tutors India Can Help

At Tutors India, we offer specialized Dissertation Methodology Writing Help tailored to meet academic standards. Our services include:

Assistance in selecting the right research methodology.

Structuring the methodology section effectively.

Ensuring data collection methods align with research objectives.

Providing plagiarism-free and high-quality academic writing.

Conclusion

A strong research methodology is crucial for the success of any dissertation. By understanding and applying the right methodological approach, researchers can produce valid and impactful studies. However, if you find the methodology section challenging, professional services like Tutors India can provide the necessary support. Whether you need Research Methodology Help or complete Dissertation Methodology Writing Services, expert guidance can make your academic journey smoother and more successful.

For personalized assistance, reach out to Tutors India today and take the stress out of dissertation writing!

[krupa192]

The CFA Program: More Than Just a Postgraduate Degree

The Chartered Financial Analyst (CFA) designation is a highly esteemed credential in the world of finance, particularly for those in investment management and related fields. However, many prospective candidates often wonder: Is the CFA equivalent to a postgraduate degree? In this article, we’ll explore what the CFA program entails, how it compares to traditional postgraduate degrees, and why the CFA is such a valuable asset in the finance industry. We’ll also look at how institutions like the Boston Institute of Analytics offer specialized CFA preparation programs to help candidates achieve this prestigious qualification.

What Exactly is the CFA?

The CFA designation is awarded by the CFA Institute, an organization dedicated to advancing the investment profession. It’s a professional certification that focuses on investment management, portfolio management, and financial analysis. The CFA program is designed to test candidates' knowledge and skills in areas like:

Ethics and Professional Standards

Quantitative Methods

Economics

Financial Reporting and Analysis

Corporate Finance

Equity Investments

Fixed Income

Derivatives

Alternative Investments

Portfolio Management

The CFA program is divided into three levels, each more challenging than the last. Candidates must pass all three levels to earn the CFA charter, and this process can take several years to complete, depending on how quickly candidates progress through the exams.

How Does CFA Differ from a Postgraduate Degree?

While the CFA is a prestigious qualification, it’s important to note that it’s not a postgraduate degree in the traditional sense. Let’s break down the key differences between the CFA program and postgraduate degrees like an MBA or a Master’s in Finance.

1. Focus: Professional vs. Academic

Postgraduate Degree: Traditional postgraduate degrees, such as an MBA or Master’s in Finance, are typically academic programs offered by universities. These degrees provide a broad education in business, management, and finance, with both theoretical and practical components. The curriculum often includes leadership training, strategy, marketing, and other business-related subjects.

CFA Program: The CFA is more specialized and is intended for professionals already working in finance or those aiming to enter the investment management field. The CFA program focuses on practical knowledge and ethical standards relevant to financial analysis, portfolio management, and investment strategies.

2. Entry Requirements

Postgraduate Degree: To pursue a postgraduate degree, candidates typically need a bachelor’s degree. Some programs may also require work experience or entrance exams.

CFA Program: You can start the CFA program with just a bachelor’s degree or while you’re in the final year of your undergraduate studies. The CFA Institute also requires candidates to have at least four years of professional work experience in finance or investment-related roles before they can earn the CFA charter.

3. Curriculum and Structure

Postgraduate Degree: Postgraduate degrees usually cover a wide range of topics. For instance, an MBA might delve into leadership, operations, marketing, and business strategy, along with finance. The structure of these programs often includes lectures, assignments, and a final thesis or dissertation.

CFA Program: The CFA program is highly focused and consists of three levels, each covering specific areas of investment management. The exams are rigorous, and candidates must dedicate a significant amount of time to self-study and preparation. The CFA curriculum is designed to be practical and directly applicable to real-world finance and investment challenges.

4. Duration

Postgraduate Degree: A traditional postgraduate degree typically takes one to two years to complete, depending on whether the student is attending full-time or part-time.

CFA Program: The CFA program is self-paced, meaning it can take anywhere from 2 to 4 years to complete. Candidates usually take one exam per year, but the time it takes to finish depends on how quickly they progress through the levels.

5. Cost

Postgraduate Degree: Postgraduate programs can be quite expensive, with tuition fees often ranging from a few thousand to tens of thousands of dollars. Additional costs for textbooks, research, and living expenses can add up.

CFA Program: While the CFA program is generally more affordable than a postgraduate degree, it still involves costs. The fees for each level of the CFA exam, study materials, and other associated costs can amount to several thousand dollars, though it is still more budget-friendly than many postgraduate programs.

6. Career Opportunities and Recognition

Postgraduate Degree: A postgraduate degree, especially an MBA from a renowned university, is highly regarded across various industries. It opens doors to leadership roles in management, consulting, and entrepreneurship.

CFA Program: The CFA designation is particularly valued in the investment and finance sectors. It is considered a mark of expertise in investment management and is often a prerequisite for roles such as portfolio managers, research analysts, and financial advisors. It’s a globally recognized credential that signals competence and ethical responsibility in finance.

So, Is the CFA Like a Postgraduate Degree?

While the CFA isn’t technically a postgraduate degree, it is often viewed as equally prestigious in the finance industry. Many finance professionals regard the CFA as a more specialized and industry-relevant credential than traditional postgraduate degrees, particularly for those pursuing careers in investment management and financial analysis.

How Institutions Like Boston Institute of Analytics Help with CFA Preparation

For those looking to earn the CFA designation, specialized study programs can make all the difference. Institutions like the Boston Institute of Analytics (BIA) provide comprehensive CFA preparation courses that equip candidates with the knowledge and tools needed to succeed in the exams.

Boston Institute of Analytics’ CFA Programs

BIA offers a range of study options designed to help candidates prepare for the CFA exams. Whether you’re just starting or have some background in finance, BIA’s CFA study programs are tailored to meet your needs. Some of the standout features of BIA’s programs include:

Expert-Led Instruction: BIA’s instructors are experienced CFA charterholders and finance professionals. They provide valuable insights into the CFA curriculum, helping students understand complex concepts and stay on track.

Comprehensive Study Materials: BIA provides a wealth of study materials, including practice exams, mock tests, and in-depth notes. These resources are designed to ensure students are well-prepared for each level of the CFA exam.

Flexible Learning Options: Whether you prefer in-person classes or online learning, BIA offers flexible options to fit your schedule and learning style. This flexibility is especially helpful for working professionals.

Collaborative Environment: BIA fosters a supportive learning environment where students can collaborate, share knowledge, and help each other succeed. Peer groups and study sessions are encouraged to enhance the learning experience.

High Success Rate: Many BIA students pass the CFA exams on their first attempt, thanks to the quality of the instruction and resources provided.

Final Thoughts

While the CFA program isn’t classified as a postgraduate degree, it is a highly respected and valuable credential in the finance industry. It provides specialized, practical knowledge in investment management and finance, and it is widely recognized by employers in the finance sector. For those looking to advance their careers in finance, the CFA designation is an excellent choice.

Institutions like the Boston Institute of Analytics play a crucial role in preparing candidates for the CFA exams. By offering expert instruction, comprehensive study materials, and flexible learning options, BIA ensures that candidates are well-equipped to succeed in this challenging and rewarding program. Whether you’re looking to break into the finance industry or take your career to the next level, the CFA can be a powerful tool for professional advancement.

[rhombical]

The Reset vs. the Monomyth

[Originally posted on Jan 14 2023 at cohost.org]

I've been reading Michael Nitsche's Video Game Spaces from 2008. Something that struck me about its introductory chapter is how much speedrunning complicates some of Nitsche's claims about how players approach videogames primarily as fictional worlds (clearly building off of Jesper Juul in Half-Real). In fact, Rainforest Scully-Blaker points this out in his Master's thesis "Re-curating the Accident", engaging with Nitsche but not finding much applicability of his ideas to speedrunning. I was surprised then when Nitsche directly brings up speedrunning, specifically Quake done Quick, in a single paragraph within a discussion of the Campbellian monomyth.

I think a lot of people in my circles are skeptical of the monomyth and its claim to universality. In my opinion Nitsche distorts the monomyth into something far more flexible to make it work for videogames and the edge case that is speedrunning. He takes for instance the fact that there may be multiple trials in a given quest as indication that the monomyth is somehow modular. He writes that "speed-runs still demonstrate a mastery of space and entities within the game world, yet optimized to their own terms. Theirs is a different quest in Quake, but one that is still unfolding in the given game space. Goals, stages, difficulties, and mastery are scaled up or down to the individual player’s approach." (p. 64) It is both the cyclical nature and scaleability of the monomyth that Nitsche valorizes.

I couldn't help but see a resonance here with a completely different perspective on the trials and tribulations of speedrunning, Madison Schmalzer's account of "the reset" in her PhD dissertation "Transition Games: Speedrunning Gender". All interaction with videogames is made up of moments of engagement and disengagement, thus the reset "is central to all videogame play, but it is an especially prominent temporal structure in speedrunning." (p. 110) While some may see resetting in the context of speedrunning as a negative aspect of the practice, Schmalzer keenly points out that it is only through resetting that any improvement is made possible. The reset represents the start of a cycle that is both nested within and contains the various cycles at play in videogames and in our lives. If speedrunning does embody some aspect of the monomyth, it is specifically the refusal of the call, a quality of speedrunning (and other challenge runs) that PS Berge notes in their 2022 MultiPlay conference presentation.

[educationtech]

M.Tech vs. M.S.- Decoding the Differences and Choosing the Right Path for You

M.Tech vs. MS:- When considering advanced education in technical or scientific fields, students often face the choice between pursuing a Master of Technology (M.Tech) or a Master of Science (MS). Both degrees are designed to enhance knowledge and skills, but they cater to different career goals and educational philosophies. This guide will explore the key differences between M.Tech and MS programs, and their respective benefits, and help you determine which path aligns best with your aspirations.

Overview of M.Tech and MS

M.Tech (Master of Technology):

Primarily offered in engineering and technology disciplines.

Focuses on practical applications, technical skills, and industry relevance.

Typically structured over two years, emphasizing coursework, projects, and internships.

MS (Master of Science):

Available across a broader range of fields, including natural sciences, engineering, and social sciences.

Emphasizes theoretical knowledge, research methodologies, and analytical skills.

Duration can vary from one to two years, often requiring a thesis or substantial research project.

Key Differences

Detailed Comparison

1. Curriculum Focus

M.Tech: Programs are designed to equip students with hands-on skills applicable to the industry. The curriculum includes lab work, projects, and internships that prepare graduates for immediate employment in technical roles. Specializations often align closely with current industry needs, such as software development or telecommunication.

 MS: These programs focus on developing a deep understanding of theoretical concepts and research methodologies. Students engage in rigorous academic training that prepares them for careers in research or academia. The curriculum may include fewer prescribed courses, allowing for more flexibility in selecting electives based on personal interests.

2. Research Opportunities

M.Tech: While there may be a project component, M.Tech programs generally emphasize practical implementation rather than independent research. Students may work on industry-related projects but are less likely to conduct original research.

MS: A hallmark of MS programs is the requirement for students to conduct original research under faculty supervision. This research typically culminates in a thesis or dissertation that contributes new knowledge to the field.

3. Career Paths

M.Tech Graduates: Typically pursue careers in engineering roles within industries such as manufacturing, IT, telecommunications, and project management. They are well-prepared for technical positions that require specialized knowledge and practical skills.

MS Graduates: Often aim for careers in academia, research institutions, or advanced technical roles that require strong analytical skills. The research experience gained during an MS program can be advantageous for those considering a Ph.D. or roles in R&D departments.

Choosing the Right Path

Deciding between an M.Tech and an MS depends largely on your career goals:

Choose M.Tech if you:

Prefer a hands-on approach to learning.

Aim to enter the workforce quickly in technical roles.

Seek specialized knowledge aligned with industry demands.

Choose MS if you:

Are interested in conducting research or pursuing an academic career.

Want to develop strong analytical and problem-solving skills.

Aim to contribute to scientific knowledge through original research.

Career Prospects for MS vs. M.Tech for engineers

Both M.Tech (Master of Technology) and MS (Master of Science) degrees offer diverse career opportunities for engineers, but they cater to different professional paths due to their distinct focuses. Understanding the career prospects for each degree can help you make an informed decision about which path to pursue. M.Tech vs. MS for Indian students are very good career path. Career Opportunities for M.Tech Graduates M.Tech graduates are primarily prepared for technical roles in various industries. Their education emphasizes practical skills and application-oriented knowledge, making them attractive candidates for many engineering and technology-related positions. Common career paths include:

Engineering Roles(Higher studies after engineering): Positions such as software engineer, hardware engineer, and systems analyst are prevalent among M.Tech graduates.

Project Management: Many M.Tech holders advance into project management roles where they oversee engineering projects and teams.

Consultancy: M.Tech graduates often work as consultants, providing expert advice in their specialized fields.

Research and Development: Some may also enter R&D departments in industries like electronics, telecommunications, and manufacturing.

Entrepreneurship: The practical skills gained during an M.Tech program can empower graduates to start their own ventures.

M.Tech graduates are particularly valued in sectors that require immediate application of technical skills, such as IT companies, manufacturing firms, and engineering consultancies.

Conclusion

Both M.Tech at Arya College of Engineering & IT, Jaipur and MS degrees offer valuable opportunities for advanced education but cater to different interests and career trajectories. Understanding the distinctions between these programs will help you make an informed decision based on your professional aspirations. Whether you lean towards the practical applications of technology or the theoretical foundations of science will ultimately guide your choice between these two paths.