#how teach addition for kindergarten

[gamesonyoutube]

Learn Addition Using Number Beads Maths With Lucas And Ruby | Learn addition in a fun way I am 10 abacus addition ideas to how to teach addition for kindergarten in a fun way :- Idea 1: Introduce the abacus as a special math tool that can help them add numbers together. Show them how the beads represent different values and explain that they can slide the beads to perform addition. Idea 2: Start with simple addition problems using single-digit numbers. Demonstrate how to slide the appropriate number of beads on the abacus to find the sum. Let the students observe and try it themselves with guidance. Idea 3: Provide opportunities for hands-on practice by giving each student their own abacus. Assign addition problems for them to solve independently. Encourage them to use the abacus to find the answers and check their work. Idea 4: Learn addition in a fun way Incorporate visual aids by creating worksheets or flashcards with abacus representations. Display addition problems and ask the students to draw the beads on the abacus to solve the equations. This reinforces the connection between the physical tool and the visual representation. Idea 5: Organize small group activities where students can work together using the abacus. Provide a set of addition task cards or word problems and let the students take turns using the abacus to find the answers. This promotes collaboration and peer learning. Idea 6: Introduce the concept of regrouping or carrying over with the abacus. Demonstrate how to slide beads to the next row when adding larger numbers. Guide the students in practicing regrouping on the abacus for a better understanding. Idea 7: Create a game using the abacus to make addition practice fun. Set a timer and challenge students to solve as many addition problems as they can within a given time. Offer rewards or incentives to keep them motivated. Idea 8: Use real-life scenarios to contextualize addition with the abacus. Present situations like counting objects or sharing items among friends. Have the students use the abacus to find the total or how many each person receives. Idea 9: Encourage students to explore different strategies using the abacus. Let them experiment with adding numbers in different orders or grouping the beads differently to find alternative ways to arrive at the same sum. This fosters critical thinking and problem-solving skills. Idea 10: Wrap up the addition lessons with a mini abacus project. Have the students create their own abacus using materials like pipe cleaners and beads. Let them demonstrate their understanding of addition by solving problems using their handmade abacus.

[mint-8]

Platonic Yandere Kindergarten Teacher x GN! Child! Reader

Content/Trigger warning: Mentions of child kidnapping.

- Yandere Kindergarten Teacher has experienced a lot of pain in their life, just as many hardships and sorrows have followed them as well. Yet, they never lost their kindness and will to live. They pushed through it all and managed to graduate to later pursue their dreams as a teacher. They wished to give the youth the guidance and love that they themselves yearned and craved for so many years during their childhood.

- Yandere Kindergarten Teacher who couldn't really get a job anywhere else other than at the local nursery, so they took the position and passed the interview with flying colors. They are patient, sweet, and attentive to each and every child that ever enters the kindergarten. They are always there to listen to their over excited rablings about what they did that morning and dutifully follow any pretend play the little ones come up with. They skillfully the classroom clean and tidy (well, as much as it's possible with toddlers running around the place), send the babies to sleep during nap time, entertaining them with plays and games and teaching them important lessons about sharing and being polite.

- Yandere Kindergarten Teacher who first meets you while they are walking around the town's park. One minute, they are leisurely strolling in a sunny day, and the next, a chubby baby, you is clinging to their legs for dear life. They are used to children being clingy, but that's not important right now! Why is the most adorable toddler in existence alone in here and unsupervised!?

- Yandere Kindergarten Teacher is already planning to take you home with them and build the best nursery in the world until they hear the worried cries of someone. Your guardian, seemingly tired and with tears running down their cheeks, yanks you away from Yandere Kindergarten Teacher's hands and into a loving embrace. They are apologizing a mile a minute, explaining how they were so sleep deprived of your nightly crying (bullshit, in Yandere Kindergarten Teacher's opinion) and how they fell asleep on a bench near the playground area and how you most likely got off your stroller and wandered off on your own.

- Yandere Kindergarten Teacher is already fuming with rage from the nonsense coming from your guardian's mouth. How dare they lose sight from the most adorable and angelic baby in existence by saying they were too tired? Preposterous! But they are able to keep it hidden, under a false facade of attention and worry. While they listen to your guardian's ramblings, in their head they have already decided they need to be closer to you so as to properly take care of you. Your guardian isn't doing a good enough job clearly! So who better than themselves to properly look after you and give the love and attention you deserve?

- Yandere Kindergarten Teacher who mentions the nursery they work at to your guardian. How modern and affordable it is, and how every single staff member takes care of the children as if they were their own! They are delighted when your guardian's expression of tiredness and gloom shift into a hopeful and excited one.

- Yandere Kindergarten Teacher is so happy when they see you at the nursery as a new addition to their classroom alongside your sheepish guardian who personally hands you over to them, citing that they 'trust them after last week's fiasco'.

- Yandere Kindergarten Teacher can't contain their excitement any longer, and after your guardian leaves the premises, they do a full spin and jump with glee while warmly hugging you! They are so happy their sweetness is here, and they are committed to providing you with the best care and treatment they possibly can!

"We'll have so much sunshine!"

(Happy giggles)

- Yandere Kindergarten Teacher is extra patient with you, only reads the bedtime stories you like during nap time, sneaks you little sweets and treats, always prioritizes your opinion whenever they play games, insist to your guardian that you can be left with them well after hours so that they can go and get that bread, throws away the lunches your guardian made and cooks better ones for you, convinces your guardian to hiring them as your permanent babysitter, builds a nursery in their home and prepare everything they will need when they finally kidnap you and brings you home. You know, just small things :)

- Yandere Kindergarten Teacher absolutely loves that you are baby, so it isn't as difficult to deal with you if you were older. But don't you dare think even for a second that they wouldn't love you as much, if not more, if you were any older. Whether you are a toddler, a child, a teenager, an adult, or an elder, their love and devotion wouldn't change in the least. They are more than willing to get their hands dirty for your sake, but the discovery would be extremely upsetting to you, so it's better to work around it. But if worst comes to worst, they won't hesitate :)

"You are the cutest thing in this world, you know that?"

"..."

"The most adorable, chubby little baby I've ever met"

"..."

"I'll make sure to destroy anyone who ever dares to hurt you and fight against the devil itself if it means seeing you smile"

"... Poo..."

"... Of course, sweetie, let's get you changed"

[nogu-d-reamers]

WELCOME TO PLAYTOWN/POPPY PLAYTOWN- CHARACTER REFERENCE #5.

CRAFTYCORN VAN CREATI - DESIGN AND DATA.

INFORMATION AND DATA.

Name: CraftyCorn Van Creati.

Age: 22.

Height: 3'0 mts/9'8 fts.

Species: Smiling critter creature. Unicorn.

Occupation: half-time teacher/artist.

Genre: female (she, they).

Sexuality: pan.

Magical usser type: Witcher.

Birth place: Skylands (Elliot's Heights).

Birth day: april 2nd.

Personality:

The newly titled young witcher DeColorina, is a somewhat shy but enthusiastic lady. A person who usually looks at the beauty of things and can find charm and inspiration in the most common things; Unlike Dogday who grew up surrounded by the typical culture of witchers, Crafty grew up in a family that disowned them to the point that she ran away from home as a child just because she couldn't adapt to what they demanded of her.

She even finds it difficult to admit or carry the attitudes of a witcher such as using her magic so sporadically or the ability to cope with her treatment, which causes her to accidentally manifest her magic in a somewhat explosive way, but not harmful.

She is someone quite cultured, sometimes being a voice of information, translation or presentation in a complementary or alternative way to Bubba; and when she gains trust with someone she can talk about her love of art and plants, feeling freer to be able to use them without problems in the comfort of her studio or talking with people she truly trusts. She's Not only is she good at painting, but she is very skilled at creating sculptures and acting (although she is terrible at sewing)..

Although she is an affable and calm person, she has moments where she usually makes me very emotional, aggressive or explosive. Especially when it comes to things like duels or conflicts(being a recurring gag how he gets too involved in a situation like a sports game or a chase that he ends up helping one of her friends.).

about her work and daily life.

Around half year before the events, the newly titled Witcher DeColorina, trained by the Witcher of "Crow" (Dogday's mother) in everything she could, went to Main City in search of repaying the kindness of the Sunnyhowl family to her.

Since she arrived in Main city, she works in a local kindergarten (because she cannot live on art alone, yet) where she works as a teacher with a group of 10 sisters who each work teaching a different subject; getting along better with the only one of the sisters who is also a witch, Poma Delight.

Depending on the situation, she works 5 days a week from 6 a.m. to 6 p.m.; and on Saturday mornings.

In her free time she will spend it at her house (which she uses as a workshop) or at the restaurant. the piggyA recurring joke is that if it comes suddenly it is full of paint or leaves.

Magic data (and other skills):

Unlike Dogday, she has good combat skills, in addition to that she can defend herself in these ways:

- Quite fast analysis of situations.

- persuasion in difficult situations.

- if things get tense, a stick is also a good option to defend yourself.

- also be careful with his kicks; They are literally hard hats.

as a witcher, she has good handling; but not perfect of it. She still often has the habit of losing control in small ways.

Her title in magic is based on the 'orchidae die Decolorina' or 'Decolorina flower', a variant of the 'Salvae Terrae' or 'plant of salvation' from witcher mythology.

The 'orchidae di decolorina' is also called "royal bloom" because in ancient times it was considered the opposite of poppies and due to its rarity in its color palette it was considered more valuable than diamonds.

The uses that she gives to it are=

#1 plant flowering: this is the most common use you can give to your magic. but it can only give growth to plants that have flowers and fruits; Sometimes it is usually bigger than I expected or it is the wrong plant.

#2 tracking with flowers: she can perceive people through flowers; She can't see them literally, it works more like a radar for "presences."

#3 manipulating and giving life to plants by giving them small commands: similar to Dogday and probably learned from Mrs. Sunnyhowl; Crafty can give life and small commands to plants, although her command is "can you help crafty with...?"

#4 give life to the paintings: as an extra skill with his love of art and his somewhat tight economic situation, he realized that by using crushed flowers and fruits, his paintings have a more striking finish, and sometimes when they continue cool ones react to your mood (scaring someone once you made them angry or scary)

(funfact: For Picky's birthday he decided to take a portrait for her; However, while painting her, she had been scared after watching a movie by a certain "Tomie" and the painting of her unconsciously took on a similar appearance. Bubba thought her gift was in bad taste, but Picky was so delighted with it that she insisted on paying her a miniature version of theyself.)

Unlike Dogday, she has not yet mastered the voluntary form of overflowing, so she never resorts to that form... yet.

other random data:

favorite food: margarita pizza «especially the restaurant version of picky that includes real daisys *jiggles*»

Favorite dessert: Pavlova «creamy and delicious!!! especially with confided flowers!!»

hated food:haute cuisine, especially tenderloin Wellington «I have bad memories of haute cuisine in my biological home, it didn't help that most of my relatives were carnivores and it was disgusting»

smell: Jazmin.

strength: creativity, thinking outside the house, kindness

weakness: explosive, shy, low confidence

favorite physical appearance: long hair «At home they would have hated me for having it so long, but I love it and I can customize it however I want»

hated physical appearance: height and horn «I don't hate them per se, but it's very difficult for me to find clothes and especially hats without having problems»

person you respect most: Mr. Sunnyhowl's pack «I can't choose anyone from Didi's family over another! everyone was so sweet and kind to me that they treated me like part of her family! *ugly crying*»

person you don't want as an enemy: Bobby «I had bad sleeping habits, but the mere idea of her chasing me like she does Catnap terrifies me so much that I prefer to perform less but sleep well»

hobby:visit art galleries, gardening, participate in duels

Some crush?:«When I was younger I quite liked Dogday, but now I see him as an older brother. Now... I have seen a strange bounty hunter who... is cute... I would like to know more about him...»

[phoebepheebsphibs]

Free invite to rant about your tortillas as humans

*clears throat*

Mkay @belleyellsaboutturtles @truths33k3r4 @boots-with-the-fur-club come getchy'alls food

So I'm calling the AU "Lou Jitsu's Kids". I'm still working on the story and a few details, but basically this is how the story goes...

It begins introducing the most important characters to the AU and giving some quick context, starting with Lou Jitsu. (His story is exactly the same as canon until a certain point so I won't explain him lol).

Next we're introduced to Bea M, Lou Jitsu's manager, publicist, former roadie, owner of the Hotel Nexus where Lou Jitsu lives, and girlfriend. But secretly and unbeknownst to Lou, she runs an underground crime syndicate and mafia under the pseudonym "Big Mama".

The story picks up at Lou's proposal to Big Mama. She declines, fearing that if they were to get married, her secret double life would be revealed. Lou is heartbroken but accepts her answer, believing that she will one day accept it when she's ready.

The next introduction is to a young struggling single mother, who's boyfriend left her after the unplanned pregnancy of their son, Raphael. Raph's mom has just been laid off and rent is due at her crummy apartment. Though she wants to keep her son, she understands that she cannot support him and is forced to give him up for adoption so that he might have a better life.

Next, we are introduced to a happy young family moving to NYC for the father's new job as an architect. The mother has taken a job teaching kindergarten so she can stay close to their twin sons, Leonardo and Donatello. However, on the drive, the vehicle is crashed into and Leo and Donnie's parents are killed instantly.

We are then introduced to a person the narrator refers to as "a nobody" or something like that. The "nobody" has just been given a wonderful gift, but decides to throw the gift away simply because they do not want the responsibilities that come with it. They are shown shoving a small bundle into a dumpster in the alley before running. We are then introduced to Michelangelo, a newborn baby, who is quickly running out of time.

Lastly, we are introduced to Baron Draxum, a man who owns a small and failing orphanage. He manages to hear Mikey crying in the alley and rescues him, taking him to the hospital before bringing him to the orphanage later. At first, we are meant to believe that Draxum is just a grumpy old man yet essentially harmless, but we learn that the orphanage is a front for illegal science experiments, drug enhancements, and genetic experiments hidden beneath the building. Draxum begins experimenting on the four newest additions to his orphanage -- Raph, Donnie, Leo, and Mikey.

If I remember correctly, a few years later, grandpa Shō dies. Distraught by the loss of his last remaining family member, Lou Jitsu reflects on his life and his family. He chooses to visit "Draxum's Home for Little Lambs" on a whim and ends up meeting the four boys, who adore his films and idolize his characters. Lou decides to use his wealth and and connections to donate to charity, specifically choosing to renovate Draxum's Orphanage and provide funding for a rec center as well. Lou continues to donate to the orphanage and even goes so far as to invite all the kids on a tour to his film studio to watch how movies are made. With each visit, he falls more and more in love with the four boys and eventually decides to adopt them all, much to Bea M's disagreement. However, after meeting the boys and seeing the poverty they come from, she changes her mind.

There's a heck of a lot more after that, but this post is long enough so I think I'd stop there for now and ramble another time...

[bingbongsupremacy]

Pen Pal

Pairing: Ellie Williams x reader

Warnings: Slight mentions of homophobia

Summary: You've been Pen Pals with Ellie since you were in 5th grade. Will you finally get to meet her in person?

*Not Proof Read* TLOU Masterlist

Pt. 1 Pt. 2 Pt. 3

*****

November 3, 2028 (10 yrs old)

Dear Y/N,

My name is Ellie. I'm a fifth grader in Miss James' class in Wyoming. I like Savage Starlight and cookies. My best friends' name is Riley.

Do you have a best friend? Do you like Savage Starlight?

Sincerely Ellie Williams

November 10, 2028 (10 yrs old)

Dear Ellie,

Hi! It's nice to meet you! I love Savage Starlight! My brother hates them though. He never takes me to buy them at the book store :(

My bestfriends' name is Julie! Cookies are cool! I like ice cream. I have a dog. Do you have a dog? Do you like frogs? I like the color pink. Do you like pink?

Sincerely Y/N L/N

June 20, 2030 (12 yrs old)

Dear Y/N,

How's your dog? Joel's teaching me how to play the guitar! I learned how to play a song yesterday! I'm so happy.

Riley and I are planning on going to the fair tomorrow. I wish you could come. I bet you'd love Riley! Maybe some day you could meet her.

I finished the new addition of Savage Starlight yesterday and I'm so fucking sad. Did you finish it? I won't spoil. Let me know if you did so we can talk about it!

Sincerely Ellie!

June 28, 2030 (12 years old)

Dear Ellie,

I have bad news. Pepper died.

She died last night. Mom said she got really old and died in her sleep. Pepper was a good dog. I'm going to miss her.

I'm really sad. I wish she was still her.

I haven't finished Savage Starlight yet. I'm waiting until I feel happy. Maybe in a few days.

Sincerely Y/N

August 3, 2032 (14 years old)

Y/N,

Riley's moving away. She came over and told me today. I'm really sad about it. She's been my friend ever since kindergarten.

She's moving to Boston.

I found an a cute ice cream shop yesterday and thought of you. Maybe some day you can see it. We could get ice cream there and then look at the comic book store.

I can't believe Savage Starlight is fucking ending. I've been reading it since fourth grade. I don't want it to end. How do you feel about it ending?

Love, Els

August 9, 2032 (14 years old)

Els,

I'm so sorry about Riley. That sucks. I hope you guys can still talk.

I'd love to go to the ice cream shop and comic book store with you one day. My brother went off to college today. He's studying to be a doctor. Cool right?

I don't want Savage Starlight end either. I wish it could go on forever. Fucking sucks.

I think you're my best friend.

Love, Y/N

September 12, 2032 (16 yrs old)

Y/N,

I won first place in the art show! I'm so fucking happy. Joel took me out for ice cream with Sarah yesterday. We had so much fun.

Do you think we should start using email? Or texting? Joel got me phone yesterday! I'm so excited! Here's my number if you want to text xxx-xxx-xxxx and my email: elwilliams@email.com

I've started working out at a local gym. I love it. I'm going every day. I think I might do something with space when I'm older. I really like space.

Also, I'm gay.

Love, Els

September 18, 2032 (16 yrs old)

Receiver: elwilliams@email.com

Subject: Hi

Els, this is my email! I'll send you a text right after this. I'm so happy for you! First phone yay!! Also congrats on the art show!

The gym is fun! And space is so cool! I'm not sure what I'll do yet when I'm older. I'm still deciding. I'm glad you know what you want to do though.

Also, cool! I'm glad you feel comfortable telling me! I love you, Els. <3

My brother's being a fucking asshole. He refuses to come to my birthday party because his girlfriend's parents want to have dinner the same day.

I wish you could come. Maybe some day.

Love, Y/N

May 2, 2034 (18 yrs old)

Receiver: elwilliams@email.com

Subject: So

I think I might not be straight. I'm not sure. I've only told you. I can't tell my parents. I don't know how they'd react. I know my brother would hate me. He's a fucking dick now. I don't know why he's the way he is.

My parents have started fighting a lot. Money problems I think. I think my dad might have cheated on my mom too.

I'm excited to go to college next year. I'm glad we got into the same school! We'll finally be able to meet. I've been wanting to meet you for years. Maybe I can finally get away from all the shit that's been going on lately.

I don't know why this all happened so fucking fast.

I hope you're well.

Lots of Love, Y/N

May 2, 2034 (18 yrs old)

Receiver: y/ncup@email.com

Subject: So

Hey, so I know how you're feeling. It'll take some time to figure out, but you'll get there. No matter what, I'll love you.

You're family sounds like a bunch of dicks. I'm sorry you have to go through that.

I've been talking with Joel and he said I could do this.

Do you want to come stay with me and my family over the summer? Maybe get a break from your family? We could idk finally fucking meet?

Let me know if you want to come to Wyoming. You could meet my friends. Then we could drive up to school together. It's not too far from my house. Maybe day or two away.

Also, I got a girlfriend. her name is Cat. She gave me this cool ass tattoo. I'll send a pic.

__Pic Attached__

Love, Els

My eyes scan over the email again, making sure I didn't imagine what I just read. Ellie just invited me to Wyoming for the summer! There's no fucking way I'm missing this opportunity.

I'm finally going to get to meet her!

My eyes land on the last line. I got a girlfriend.

Fuck.

[zu-is-here]

Why isn't it necessary?

It's explained in the tags, but the paradox is simple: kindergarten was created for parents ٩( ᐛ )و♪

It might be right if any child under the age of five realy needed "social adaptation" ("ó3ò) Like, what is social adaptation for you? Is there any great development in communication with peers about your level?

Still, it doesn't mean that a child can't develop by attending classes with other kids and learning more with their parents who are ready to take care of their growth╰(*´︶`*)╯

In any case, an important role is played by an adult, especially a close one (úwù) And the basic socialization takes place right in the family ♡

As for things that parents don't (want to) notice, what could it be? (・□・；) Misbehavior and food/sleep problems are the main ones that are hard to miss yet are regulated regardless of the kindergarten in a child's life — that's a question to parents themselves (ówò)

Oh! ★ Actually, I don't observe developing reading skills in kindergarten (at least here), cause one/two teacher(s) can't deal with each child... The best they can do is read aloud, right? Parents themselves make a bigger contribution to this, like reading bedtime stories together <3

Nevertheless, I'm sure it didn't make you less successful at school, cause every child comes there to learn new subjects from scratch — on an equal level, in fact!ヽ(°∀°人´ヮ´)ﾉ Whether they know how to read/write/multiply/eat/dress/etc. is a question of their general or individual education.

I believe that a child will grow a harmonious personality anyway if they're raised in a healthy family. Kindergarten is just everyone's choice ☆

UPD:

Ah I got what you mean! (ﾟ∀ﾟ) (reminded me of good old Happy Feet <3)

Comparing your child with others does help to understand how successful their development is going, you're absolutely right ☆ There are also reverse situations when "it's alright", "all kids are different" and "a kindergarten will fix this" though :')

As for boosting independence, kindergartens are a truly good place for that, but it's more like teaching a child how to swim by throwing them in the water x)

It happens as well, lucky you! (*ﾟ∀ﾟ*)

This is by no means an argument against kindergarten, but just another special case of kindergarten being not mandatory <3

That's right! ★

I don't force a child to be locked at home and restricted from communicating with any other children, of course no :'D

On the contrary, a child can explore as much as possible under the supervision of their parents, including games and hobbies with other children (๑˃▽˂)(^▽^ )

Kindergarten is just the easiest way for all of that, and it always remains an option for someone, but, as you correctly noted, it's not always easy for a child themself (úwù)

I'm really glad that we can discuss together such topics that may be useful now or in the future ♡

That's a great tactic for such a young age! (≧∀≦)☆ Truly a cool experience with more memories <3

You were really lucky with a productive and safe kindergarten experience, thank you so much for your addition and your kindest words!╰(*´︶`*)╯♡

[igottatho]

News. Didn’t sleep much last night so I’ll have to do captions and more detailed stuff later, my sincere apologies.

Here’s a sumup for Feb 22, 2024:

Norway has divested $500 million from Israel bonds. A huge win for BDS movements. More info and the original tweet thread can be found here.

Hundreds of protestors begin again in the Bay Area, directly to Biden’s fund raiser in SF. All of the standalone images are from this event, as reported by Kqed, found via Instagram here. Descriptions for images are attached to each. Entire post contents are as follows: “kqednews Protesters demanding a cease-fire in Gaza gathered Wednesday night near a fundraiser in San Francisco for President Joe Biden's 2024 campaign. Hundreds of activists filled Alta Plaza Park as part of the demonstration organized by the Palestinian Youth Movement and the Party for Socialism and Liberation. Protestors chanted "free, free Palestine" and "from the river to the sea, Palestine will be free" and urged the president to end U.S. aid to Israel. "How dare he visit San Francisco only to rake in cash, ignoring residents of a city which passed a ceasefire resolution with a supermajority?", said Suzanne Ali, a Palestinian Youth Movement member, in a written statement. "While Biden charges donors $100,000 for a ticket to his cocktail party, bombs labeled 'Made in the USA' are raining down on civilians in Gaza for the fourth consecutive month, killing over 13,000 Palestinian children and counting." "We are demanding that there is a permanent ceasefire now," said Party for Socialism and Liberation member Ramsey Robinson, who spoke at the protest. "That's our money, stolen from the people, stolen from the taxpayers, and we want to let Joe Biden know that we know that." President Biden is reportedly making multiple campaign stops in San Francisco and Los Altos Hills between Wednesday and Thursday. But Robinson thinks that other than "the tiny number of the super rich," Biden isn't popular in the Bay Area. Read for more details at kqed.org/news”

Girl Scouts have received funding from Raytheon Tech and has made “stay neutral” merch. We hates a neutral ass bitch, sorry Girl Scouts, not sorry. Full story, from @prem_thakker : “Wow—Girl scouts wanted to make bracelets to help aid Palestinian kids. @girlscouts leadership threatened them, saying they must "stay neutral." After it was pointed out there've been similar efforts for Ukraine, they pivoted, saying the troop didn't follow "approval processes:” Prem then displays another image which says: “The last sentence hit her hard: "Unfortunately, if this direct violation of the organization's governing documents and policies continues, Girl Scouts of Eastern Missouri and Girl Scouts of the United States have no other choice than to engage our legal counsel to help remedy this situation and to protect the intellectual property and other rights of the organization." "I got a little scared; I'm not gonna lie," she said. "I wondered, what are they going to do to me?* For years, she had strived to give these girls the opportunities she had missed out on herself. The troop had formed a sisterhood, growing up together since kindergarten. Abuhamdeh reached out to the other parents. They decided the organization's values didn't align with what they were trying to teach their daughters.” I’m unclear where this image/quote was taken from, presumably from the original reporting of STLtoday.com

There’s additional tweets from Prem, which talk more about Girlscouts & weapons contractors here. The images at source are screencaps (from the girlscout website) which I’ll share here:

The last two images are the most important; the first depicts an image of a Palestinian boy holding a blanket he has apparently salvaged from rubble. The tweet from @Times of Gaza reports at 2:50 am of Feb 22, “Day 139 | During the past 24 hours: 9 massacres committed by the Israeli occupation • 97 people killed • 132 injured.” At 10:52 am @Times of Gaza reports: “UPDATE | 23 people killed in the Deir Al-Balah airstrikes. The death toll is expected to rise.”

This continued loss of life is irreplaceable and my heart mourns for them. FREE PALESTINE please God.

Eta: I added text to all images for my comrades who need it. I also added a couple new images for Girl Scouts info (I had to remove a redundant img of the Kqed insta, in order to include this info). Please LMK in the notes if it’s more helpful/ easier for yall for img notes or directly in my post. My brain is fried, I’m sorry this is such a haphazard post.

Biden and Raytheon info will have to wait til tomorrow. I also hope to get some info/ articles up about Israel and diamond trade - responsible for a huge portion of Israel’s GDP and stolen exploited resources from the Congo.

[ohtobeleah]

For those who are slightly interested, this is my wedding speech from Sunday.

Hello:

Not many people get to say that they have the kindest, most beautiful, selfless, sister in the world. But Sam, I’m so glad, that you can say all of those things.

For those of you who haven’t had the pleasure of experiencing my pure grace, hi my name is Leah and I’m Sam’s older, but much shorter sister.

They say big sisters always have a shadow, and for as much as Sam will deny deny deny, I have forever had a sneaking suspicion that my shadow had a best friend.

From having the privilege of the back of the buss in primary school as a kindergartener, to skipping the line in the canteen during my senior high school years ~ you were always there reeping the privileges and experiences the true power that having an older sister holds.

But I have gathered some additional evidence to suggest that you, my dear sister, will always and forever be my shadows best friend and life long companion. In no particular order I introduce:

Exhibit A: Following the tradition of house captain and spirit of the year award. It doesn’t shock me in the slightest bit that you wanted not one, but two [redacted] names on that shiny new Wilson house plaque.

Exhibit B: Deciding that a career in the fitness industry as a leading professional sounded like a pretty good choice. Sam, you are an exceptionally talented personal trainer. And as i watch you continue to educate yourself to provide the best possible experience to your clients, all I can say is that I’m so unbelievably proud of how much you have accomplished.

Onto Exhibit C: An August wedding accompanied by a burnt terracotta colour scheme. I swear some of us are having a crazy case of de ja vu. But we will always be able celebrate the best days of our lives three weeks apart.

Ladies and gentlemen of the jury I could go on and on forever……and I’m going to do exactly that.

When Sam and I were growing up, we had a cubby house that was our pride and joy. In the beginning it started off as a clubhouse. A place where no adults were allowed and where we ruled the whole world.

Slowly but surely it became a kitchen, kitted out with state of the art equipment and empty cardboard boxes from the pantry that we swore to mum we didn’t take. This kitchen was the backdrop for many mud pies, always made with the finest ingredients such as Dad’s high quality sand, mums favourite instant coffee, whatever lawn trimmings we could get our hands on, and the occasional snail shell.

Overtime it slowly transitioned to a classroom, where I’d teach you wrong math skills and you’d look up at me with a dear in headlights stare. I take absolutely no responsibility for your childhood education.

Our cubby house could withstand any situation that the weather would throw at it, so much so that when dad handed us three bottles of water based paint one weekend after we’d begged him to let us paint it bright pink and purple, we were shocked to see all are hard work immediately wash away that same afternoon.

That was the moment we learned that the weather forecast existed and our dad had outsmarted us on an elite level.

Eventually as we grew and our beloved cubby turned kitchen turned school, became a dog house for our childhood dog, Jessie. But it stood tall for years and years watching us grow.

Sam, you now have your own cubby house. A real house where you can escape from the real world. You have a real kitchen to cook whatever you’re heart desires, a kitchen where you don’t have to use dads top dollar concrete mix as salt, or mums instant coffee that again, swore we never took.

Home is where the heart is and wherever you and Troy find yourselves in life is exactly where your home will be.

Troy, take care of my baby sister and I know she’ll take care of you. If you’re lucky I may even relinquish my driveway space for you at mums……if you’re lucky. I am proud and above all honoured to call myself your sister in law.

You balance each other perfectly, an all encompassing representation of ying and yang. As your chosen reading said: two people are better off than one, and there is no other person who could love our cheeky beeky girl like you do. The only love that could possibly rival your love for Sam is your love for chainsaws.

To finish up, because I know I’ve well and truly exceeded my daily Leah quota, I’ll end on this:

Sam and Troy, on behalf of myself and Bailey ~ our biggest peace of advice for the both of you entering this life long journey, is that it isn’t always a 50/50 split.

Sometimes it’s 75 percent to 25, other days it can look like 40/60 and on occasion, 99 to 1. But the goal at the end of each and every day, is to be at 100%, together.

Happy wedding day.

[birlwrites]

okay my question is how close are/were walburga & orion to their kids? how well can they read regulus? (jusy in general but also specifically in the scene at the breakfast table. like, orion taught regulus how to occlude, right? so can he tell when he is?)

i've been going off the assumption that for most wizard kids, there's smthing like elementary school to help teach them to read & write etc before hogwarts when they're ready to start learning magicTM, & then the uber wealthy just hire tutors. so that gives me the thought that wizarding parents in general are just like, more involved in their kids' lives pre-hogwarts. & that + the fact that orion & walburga don't really... have things to do? like they're lord & lady but it's not like they have subjects to look after or snything… so how present were they in sirius & regulus' lives?

sorry if this is ramble-y, this probably should've been 2 different asks but i'm just really curious about if you've thought about any of it

walburga and orion are not what i would call super attuned to their kids' emotional state? like, not to put too fine a point on it, but regulus has not really been Relaxed around either of his parents since he was very young. he's always monitoring his behavior and actions very closely. in that scene, they get the sense that he is balancing the interests of the death eaters with 'ok but also barty is my friend so maybe Don't Kill Him Please.'

if regulus had been in the dining room when he'd started occluding, orion would have clocked it immediately, but since he was out on the stairs, there was no moment of bringing up the shields that orion could see

like, orion and walburga have been somewhat involved in their kids' lives, but regulus has been very conscious of the fact that he needs to Act A Certain Way around adults and non-family-members since he was little, and this includes his parents, although it didn't include his cousins until he was a little older, as bellatrix is bellatrix and regulus would let the people around him set the level of formality for the interaction. and sirius is sirius of course (he's never been as reserved as regulus, but he's also a great liar, so i'd hesitate to say that orion and walburga could read him any better than they can read regulus - sirius is very good at emotional/mental/verbal sleight of hand)

regulus and sirius learned purely academic/theoretical subjects from tutors, but their parents handled a lot of their magical training - obviously there was the family specialty, and dark arts in general, and occlumency, but also families like the blacks don't wait until hogwarts to start teaching their kids magic with wands, and so that was just kind of folded in along with the dark arts

they didn't really start with the tutors until they were, like, kindergarten-aged, or rather until sirius was kindergarten-aged and regulus was Not Going To Be Left Out

in addition, they had to learn about Society Stuff, and whoever was heir at the moment had to learn about Lord Stuff, which were handled by walburga and orion respectively. regulus used to spend more time practicing general dark arts (not the family specialty) than sirius did, as sirius had to learn Lord Stuff and walburga, keeping regulus busy, was like 'ah yes dark arts will hold his interest and prevent him from being upset about sirius doing things without him'

orion does actually have stuff to do - as the head of house black, he manages the entire family's finances, and he's also a member of the wizengamot. but yeah that's about it as far as formal obligations go lmao, plus when regulus was REALLY little (young enough that he doesn't remember this at all) orion was heir black and hadn't started taking on any of arcturus's responsibilities yet, so orion and walburga really had jack shit to do

so regulus and sirius spent a lot of time learning from their parents, but they didn't spend a lot of leisure time with them - there was always Something To Be Achieved in their interaction with their parents

[screamingfromuz]

Solidarity Projects & General Organizations part 1

Alliance for Middle East Peace

A coalition of NGOs as well as Palestinian and Israeli individuals that works toward building peace. (Check their members page!)

The Parents Circle – Families Forum

a joint Israeli-Palestinian organization of over 600 families, all of whom have lost an immediate family member to the ongoing conflict. The PCFF supports a process of reconciliation to achieving a sustainable peace.

Standing Together

A Jewish-Arab grassroots leftist democratic solidarity movement. The organisation works to build solidarity between the communities, pushing for a peaceful solution for the conflict, fighting injustice, and participate in various social projects like increasing the minimum wage, improving public transportation and more.

Woman Wage Peace

A feminist, women focused solidarity organisation of Jewish, Christian and Muslim women who work together to promote peace and women’s rights, with the understanding that they are interchangeable.

Center for Jewish Nonviolence

A Diaspora organization that bring Jewish activists to the region in order to learn and support non-violent resistance.

Hand in Hand

Hand in Hand is the organization that is responsible for the dual language educational establishments, from kindergarten to high school. All the classes are run by an Arabic speaking teacher and a Hebrew speaking teacher, with each talking their language without the other translating, encouraging students to become fluent in both languages. The mix of 50:50 exposes the students to each other cultures.

Madrasa

A project that aims to teach Arabic to the Israeli public in order to promote a communal language, not only between Israelis and Palestinians, but for the entire region. The program offers fully free classes in Arabic, both written and spoken (Palestinian Arabic).

back to the Master Post

[hide-in-imagination]

Okay I want to know your thoughts on simbar as parents. Like what do you imagine Simon would be as a dad and Ambar as a mom??

Simón is the kind of dad that would 100% unironically get into a nerf brawl with his kids inside the house. Then Ámbar would get home from work and be like "Why are there two vases and one photo frame broken?😠"

That's not to say that she's not fun though, she can be, promise, but one of them has to be the responsible adult sometimes or everything would be a mess.

Simón can also be strict, don't let his playfulness fool you. He's just a different kind of strict. While Ámbar is the one to yell and ground them, Simón is the kind to sit them down to have a serious talk with them about their misbehavior, digging the knife deep with the awfully devastating "I'm not mad, I'm disappointed." Which, honestly? It's kinda worse than any yelling.

Both love to spoil their kids rotten. Ámbar tries to control herself but she just grew up with so much and it just feels right to give her kids the same and more. What she really makes sure to give them lots of is affection; hugs, kisses, cuddles, words of affirmation; everything she wished she could've had as a kid. Old habits die hard tho, and she sometimes finds herself acting a little like Sharon and then feels like a monster when she realizes it. Simón is always there for her when that happens to assure her that she's a great mom, that she would never be like Sharon. They're both bound to make mistakes, they're not perfect, but they're learning, and they're in this together.

Ámbar is more overprotective and the one that cries when they give their first step or on their first day of kindergarten. Simón is convinced he's the cool dad (he's a popstar after all) but in truth he's an absolute goof. He's also away a lot when they're on tour and he feels very guilty for that, especially if he misses some milestone in his kids' lives due to being out of the country. He works his best to be as present as he can when he's between albums tho.

Also, Simón makes up a looot of songs for their kids-- A song for bedtime, a song for lunchtime, a song for bathtime, any little thing that comes to his mind really. They're very catchy and Ámbar sings them to the kids too because she loves them and she loves how creative her husband is.

Ámbar helps them with homework and Simón teaches them how to play guitar. All their kids have great singing voices, and while most people tend to assume is because of Simón, Simón always states that they got it from their mom; he defends this at every interview.

There are some stressful times sometimes. Taking care of kids it's a lot of time consuming and draining and both have jobs to think about out in addition to it all. Ámbar gets overwhelmed sometimes by everything she has to do and she snaps at everyone to be quiet; music is not always fun, nor is noise. That's why Simón's got his own sound-proof room in the house where he can work on music, otherwise Ámbar would lose her shit. Simón loves his kids, he really does, but when he's trying to work on a song or having a virtual interview or he just hasn't slept much lately, and they won't stop playing the piano at random and moving around the expensive guitars, and god almighty, dropping them, he needs to take a walk to calm down. Both parents learned quickly to leave Simón's study locked during the night after waking up many times to one or more of their kids playing around with the instruments because 'they want to be a rockstar like daddy!'

Simón feels bad sometimes tbh. It's great that their kids are not afraid to dream big, but when it gets harder to make them focus on school because "why do we need to go to school if we want to be stars" he almost wishes he had a regular job like Ámbar. He also wishes that when paparazzi try to get close to their kids, especially when he's out on tour and he feels like he's leaving Ámbar to fend for herself. Ámbar, though, has never needed his help to put people in their place. She's a force to be reckon with, one of the reasons he fell in love with her, and she maintains order both outside and inside the house. How she manages, Simón doesn't know, but he absolutely admires her for it. Every time someone dares imply that maybe Simón would be happier with someone also working on the industry, someone who would understand his lifestyle better, he immediately shots it down; Ámbar is exactly what he needs, in fact, it's more than he deserves, and he couldn't be more grateful that she's the mother of his kids. He doesn't think he could do any of this without her. She tells him that he could, but she's always had more faith in him than himself.

If Ámbar wasn't the mom, Simón isn't sure he would've been a dad at all. If it wasn't for Simón, Ámbar was certain she wouldn't have been a mom at all. But they're both oh so happy that they are. Even when it gets tough, their family is what they love the most in the world, and they wouldn't change their lives for anything.

[weiszklee]

You know how there's the word "actress" for female actors, and a few other such words also have female forms? In German, EVERY job and EVERY word referring to people by group membership (like "tenant" or "pedestrian") has a female form.

Now, imagine for a minute that this linguistic quirk somehow ends up as a primary battle ground of feminism. That every time you refer to an actress as an actor, you get scolded for perpetuating the patriarchy. Likewise if you talk about a group of actresses and actors and just say "actors". (Didn't you know that people still picture a male actor when you say "actor"[citation needed]?) That publicists and editors are scrambling to find shorter written versions of "actresses and actors" and eventually settle on including capital letters in the middle of words in order to signalise the difference betqeen the male and female form. That when you try to point out how goddamn ugly this looks, you (again) get scolded for perpetuating the patriarchy. That when a famous columnist points out that it's a bit funny how negative words like "criminal" usually don't get this treatment of including the female form in most publications, he too gets scolded for perpetuating the patriarchy. That academics try to one-up the mainstream and find even better variations which are supposed to also include nonbinary people, by way of massacring the words even more with _ and * and X and whatnot (how this is supposed to help nonbinary people remains unclear). That if you try to avoid all of this and just write "actresses and actors" in full every time, you get accused of harboring radfem sensibilities. That if you suggest that if we would all just NEVER use the female form, even for typically female associated jobs like secretary and kindergartener and nurse, then the now male form would become a neutral form within a generation or two, those same people who just accused you of radfem sensibilities now accuse you of trying to erase female experiences. That after completely dominating the public discourse for years, everyone just begrudgingly accepts the new norm and now every editing process for professional publications includes a round of going through the whole text and include the female forms for all the words that have one, a process referred to as "to gender" the text.

This is pretty much what happened in the early 2000s in Germany. And don't get me started about what kinds of problems the lack of a singular "they" in German causes.

Meanwhile, the material situation for women has not drastically improved despite all the time and ink spent on the capital I in the middle of words. Elective abortions still require you to attend a kind of seminar where they teach you about the potential health risks of abortions, but not the health risks of carrying a pregnancy to term, and past the 12 week mark there are additional legal hurdles. Gender pay gap holds steady at around 18%.

[germanpostwarmodern]

Anton Schweighofer’s (1930-2019) work was deeply devoted to the human being and its needs. His housing estates, schools, kindergartens and SOS children’s villages all revolve around the community and how it is made up of individuals that need both the collective and the possibility to retreat. That Schweighofer gave extensive thought to the requirements of the inhabitants also becomes clear in the present monograph: „Anton Schweighofer - der stille Radikale“, edited by Christian Kühn and published by Springer Verlag in 2000. It contains some 40 pages of interviews with Schweighofer in which he reflects on his design ethos, freedom in architecture or his decade long teaching at the Technical University in Vienna. But the major part of the book is of course devoted to his built work: it features some 20 projects from the 1960s to the late 1990s and therefore provides a thorough cross section of Schweighofer’s complex work, especially because each project is presented in photographs, plans and additional texts that carry the reader through the genesis of each project. I have always been fascinated with Schweighofer and his approach to architecture but until this book really hadn’t been able to dig deeper into his architectural cosmos. Luckily „Der stille Radikale“ indeed allows for comprehensive insights into his built work as well as his theoretical considerations and consequently is the go-to reference work on this sometimes undervalued (just look what happened to his „Stadt des Kindes“) architect!

[mrrightandmrbubble]

Hi, Kirri! I'm from South America and I'm trying to do a research about australian high school. I would like you to clarify some questions I have about school subjects, like: which ones are optional and which are mandatory? also, if you could send me some reliable websites than i can look up. every website i see says something different, can be very confusing so I decided to ask a australian person. Thank you!!!!

Hi, hey, i've been summoned! Okay, i'll admit to you upfront, it's been a hot minute since I was in high school so my knowledge is partly from personal experience but also what is published online. The school structures and curriculum differs from state to state, so it's no wonder you had trouble finding clear answers. I'll try to explain simply:

Australian high schools run from years 7 to 12. (We actually have 13 school years in total including Kindergarten, or preparatory, which is not numbered.) Students can finish in year 10 if they choose not to complete their senior years and test for university entry. If a student finishes in year 10, they get a Record of School Achievement; if they finish senior studies, they get a certificate of education depending on which state they're in:

NSW - Higher School Certificate (HSC)

VIC - Victorian Certificate of Education (VCE)/Victorian Certificate of Applied Learning (VCAL)

QLD - Queensland Certificate of Education (QCE), Queensland Certificate of Individual Achievement (QCIA)

SA - South Australian Certificate of Education (SACE)

WA - West Australian Certificate of Education (WACE)

TAS - Tasmanian Certificate of Education (TCE)

ACT - Australian Capital Territory Senior Secondary Certificate (ACT SSC)

NT - Northern Territory Certificate of Education (NTCE)

The national curriculum has eight compulsory learning areas, which can be categorized into subjects:

Then there are a wide range of electives, which vary greatly depending on region, type of school (state-funded vs private/faith-based) etc. Students in years 9 and 10 typically choose three electives. Here is an example of electives available to a school in NSW.

In addition, many schools offer the opportunity to study a vocational (often trade-based) course in preparation for studies after high school, called TVET (TAFE-delivered Vocational Education and Training). Many of these course results in credits toward school outcomes. I guess you could say that TAFE to Australia is like community college to the US.

The school year is broken up into four 'terms', with dates varying between states (see links at end for a list). A typical school day goes from 8:45am to 3:00pm Monday to Friday, with breaks for recess and lunch between period. A 'period' = one class, which typically runs for 40 minutes.

Upon completing senior studies and final exams, students are given an ATAR (Australian Tertiary Admission Rank), which they can use to select and be admitted to university. In fact, senior exams have just begun so it's a good time to keep an eye on social media and see how current students are talking about the experience! 'ATAR Day' (when rankings are released) is on December 14, another time to take a look.

Australia also has specialist high schools, such as creative and performing arts schools, intensive English centres (for students with English as a second language), sports schools, and technology schools. All of these must teach the compulsory subjects, but offer the chance to specialize in these areas.

Websites where you can learn more about the Australian curriculum:

Australian Curriculum Version 9.0 Australian Schools Directory

Study Australia

ACARA (for statistics)

TVET

ATAR

Hopefully that will help you! I hope you don't mind that I posted this answer but I thought it might be useful to others as well. If you have any other questions, go ahead and ask and i'll do my best!

[davilacristine]

𝐒𝐂𝐈𝐄𝐍𝐂𝐄 𝐅𝐈𝐂𝐓𝐈𝐎𝐍 𝐒𝐓𝐎𝐑𝐘

I am Cristine, and 1,825 days have passed since the catastrophic tragedy that forever changed our planet. The chaos started 5 years ago, specifically on Tuesday, March 18, 2031, where it all happened. During the morning, I was at work with my husband Elkin, around 10 a.m., when I heard the news. So, my husband and I left work in search of water. The streets of my city were already filled with people in panic and fear of running out of the most vital resource for living.

Subsequently, the government declared that it was taking measures to address the crisis. News reports of water shortages and natural resources were causing the inhabitants to collapse. Then, desperate to do something, I took my agenda and started to carry out my plan. "Aqua Time Saver". Elkin, my husband, who is a programmer and engineer, helped me with my plan. After numerous attempts, Elkin gives up and experiences a recurrence of his discouragement, as the situation seems to have no solution. However, I persevered and told him:

—Don't get discouraged; that doesn't allow you to think clearly. —I'm not discouraged! -said Elkin. —Yes, you are. -I replied —Very well, I am, what else can I do?" answered Elkin. —Have a chocolate to cheer you up. You can do it, just be patient; I'm sure you will!

Thanks to my efforts to encourage Elkin, he finally found a way to get the time machine working. Consequently, the machine had been turned on, and without thinking about it, Elkin and I went into the past to avoid tragedy. First, we use the machine to go back to the year 2023. With our experiences of the future, we work tirelessly to convince world leaders and society about the importance of water conservation. Also, we created a global network of scientists, engineers, and activists focused on solving the water crisis. As the years passed, our actions paid off. People created videos on how to save water; even kindergartens started to teach the children how to conserve water.

Finally, we returned to the year 2036, where we look to a future where the catastrophe of March 18, 2031, is only a memory of a past that never happened. Indeed, the Earth has been saved, and the lesson of the importance of water conservation remains a fundamental part of our society.

How did I create the AI images?

To create images with artificial intelligence, you need to search for an AI generator online, enter specific details in its user interface to get the desired image, adjust additional options if necessary, and then click "generate" to get the image.

VIDEO

[rbaksa]

Readerly Response #2

Due date of assigned readings: Monday, September 18

Title of assigned course reading: “Enriching and Assessing Young Children’s Multimodal Storytelling” 

Big takeaway: Students in a K-1 class successfully told multimodal stories with the help of teachers who facilitated story-telling workshops and peer reviews, demonstrating how teachers should avoid assessing children solely on their written story-telling ability. 

Nugget: I enjoyed reading about the story-writing process students engaged in. The mini-lessons taught essential story-telling skills that traditional literacy lessons do, such as character development and setting. However, I was impressed with the amount of freedom and hands-on experience the children who received multimodal story instruction had. They could access many materials and make their stories as creative as they wanted, with fun characters and surprise endings! Not only did this unit teach children how to tell stories, but it also taught the process of doing so. For example, children practiced peer review when classmates shared stories. I would never have considered introducing the peer review process as early as kindergarten and first grade, but the students did a good job with it from what I have read in the article. For example, the peer's comment about changing voices for each character is a helpful suggestion based on a previous lesson. I learned that children are more capable of expressing their creativity than I had thought, as evident through their scripts, performances, suggestions, or the school’s museum night. 

Title of assigned course reading: “Why Children Need Play” 

Big takeaway: When children partake in dramatic play that enables them to formulate engaging themes, delegate roles, and use symbolic props, they practice skills conducive to learning and school readiness. 

Nugget: I did not realize there was a difference between unproductive and productive dramatic play. I learned that quality dramatic play happens when children play together, formulate rules, assume different roles, and use props as symbols for other objects. When I become a teacher, I should facilitate this high-quality dramatic play. Instead of having students play with iPads during free time, I should provide open-ended toys and materials so they can make their own games or props to play with. 

Title of assigned course reading: “Building Language and Literacy Through Play” 

Big takeaway: Dramatic play is essential for child development, as it enables children to practice the language they have learned, social-emotional skills such as empathy, and the ability to problem solve. 

Nugget: I learned that roughhouse play can benefit the frontal lobe’s development. I have always negatively perceived roughhousing as being “inappropriate” play. I had not realized that, when responsibly supervised, it can help foster self-regulation skills. To support these self-regulation skills, I think it is important for parents to talk with their children about expectations for this play so children can practice explaining when roughhousing is acceptable and when it is not. 

Readerly Exploration Task: For this week’s task, I formulated three questions and researched one of them. First, I read all three readings and wrote the big takeaways and nuggets. Then, I reread them and formulated my questions, which I documented in the multimedia portion. Since incorporating play in the literacy classroom is not something I had thought about before, coming up with questions was not a challenge since there is still a lot I would like to explore. After reading the article “Kindergarten Scores, Storytelling, Executive Function, and Motivation Improved through Literacy-Rich Guided Play,” I unexpectedly realized I was limiting my perception of play used in instruction to games teachers create to make learning fun (Cavanaugh et al., 2017). Cavanaugh’s article made me realize that student-driven play can teach core concepts in addition to social skills, even though I had previously wanted to limit this play to recess. This article describes how students partook in a teacher-driven letter sorting activity where students sorted items into the corresponding letter bin (for example, a valentine into the “v” bin). The control group only completed this activity, while the experimental group had the opportunity to create an additional letter-sorting game. I was surprised by how creative the students’ games were. Some students designed a shopping game where they pretended to purchase toys to sort into the correct bin. Other students created a story using all their objects. Before reading this article, I assumed that to be effective for learning literacy content, the teacher needed to have a more active role in children’s play, like how the teachers in the “Enriching and Assessing Young Children’s Multimodal Storytelling” article provided instruction and templates for students to use to create their stories. However, the article I found reported that students in the experimental group outperformed control group students on the Dynamic Indicators of Basic Early Literacy Skills assessment. Researchers determined the effect size of incorporating student-driven literacy play to be .57, demonstrating moderate effectiveness (Cavanaugh et al., 2017). I learned that students should have the opportunity to engage in self-driven play during core subjects such as literacy, with the teacher serving only as a guide. Students only had fifteen minutes to create and engage in their invented games, but it still impacted their literacy development, and this finding surprised me. I realized that children learn more core content from their play than I had thought, as the article reported that most students enjoyed creative freedom and used it responsibly without getting off task. In other words, I can trust students to engage in self-driven productive play, so I should not limit this to just recess. 

Multimodal Documentation: These are the three questions I came up with: 1) Have other classrooms adopted a similar multimodal approach to literacy explained in the “Enriching and Assessing Young Children’s Multimodal Storytelling” reading? 2) How have elementary teachers incorporated play in literacy instruction when it is not already a part of the curriculum? 3) How can teachers respond to misconceptions about incorporating play into the classroom as a legitimate form of learning?

I chose question number two to research. When conducting preliminary research, I read the article cited below. 

Cavanaugh, D. M., Clemence, K. J., Teale, M. M., Rule, A. C., & Montgomery, S. E. (2017). Kindergarten Scores, Storytelling, Executive Function, and Motivation Improved through Literacy-Rich Guided Play. Early Childhood Education Journal, 45(6), 831–843. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10643-016-0832-8